Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| newborn sepsis following antepartum group b streptococcal maternal infection in rats. | group b streptococcus is an important pathogen in man and infection due to this bacteria is responsible for significant mortality and morbidity in neonates. an animal model of neonatal infection caused by group b streptococcus that results from vertical transmission is described. nine pregnant sprague-dawley rats received intraperitoneal inoculation of 10(9)-10(10) colony forming units of group b streptococcus on day 20 or 21 of gestation. four of nine rats died following inoculation. a total of ... | 1985 | 3885151 |
| group b streptococcus. | 1985 | 3885235 | |
| toxicity of group b streptococcus agalactiae in adult rats. | several strains of group b streptococcus agalactiae were found to be lethal for young adult rats. when bacteria were heat killed and then injected intraperitoneally into rats, rapid death (14 to 18 h) of the rats occurred, characterized by labored breathing, hemolyzed serum, hemoglobinuria, and subungual hemorrhages. sections of tissues from these rats failed to reveal the cause of death. rats injected with toxic or nontoxic strains of group b s. agalactiae had reduced numbers of circulating leu ... | 1985 | 3886550 |
| short-term responses in neonatal lambs after infusion of group b streptococcal extract. | short-term (0 to 30 minutes) physiologic responses of neonatal lambs infused with a trichloroacetic extract of a type iii (strain 878) group b streptococcus (878-tca) were studied. bolus injections of 878-tca were associated with pulmonary hypertension, peripheral arterial hypoxemia, and reductions in circulating white blood cell and platelet counts. these events were associated with a rise in plasma levels of prostaglandins f2 alpha and e and could be prevented by proper treatment with ibuprofe ... | 1985 | 3889746 |
| group b streptococcus causing a shunt infection in an older child. | 1985 | 3889878 | |
| opsonization of group b streptococcus type iii: studies using clinical strains and maternal sera. | luminol-dependent phagocytic chemiluminescence was used to measure opsonins to group b streptococcus type iii in serum samples from pregnant women. mean levels were similar amongst patients colonized with this organism and those who were not. values remained fairly constant for individual women during pregnancy apart from a small, but consistant fall in cord blood samples. again using luminol-dependent chemiluminescence, 54 clinical isolates of group b streptococcus type iii were evaluated for s ... | 1985 | 3890914 |
| antibody-independent and -dependent opsonization of group b streptococcus requires the first component of complement c1. | the role of the classical complement pathway and specifically the first component, c1 in antibody-independent opsonization of type ia group b streptococcus (gbs) was investigated. for these studies a radiolabeled bacterial uptake assay was developed that was dependent on time and bacterial concentration and that required an intact classical complement pathway. to directly investigate the role of c1 in opsonization of type ia gbs, c1 was isolated by chromatography on an immunoglobulin g (igg) aff ... | 1985 | 3891622 |
| a sialic-acid-specific lectin from cepaea hortensis that promotes phagocytosis of a group-b, type-ia, streptococcal strain. | group-b streptococci that possess a type-specific surface polysaccharide undergo phagocytosis only in the presence of antibodies to this, and complement. the snail cepaea hortensis forms a lectin that is specific for sialic acid; treatment with this promoted the phagocytosis of a group-b streptococcus of serotype ia (strain o90) in the absence of opsonic antibodies. the effect of the lectin was dose-dependent and required the presence of complement. the specificity of the lectin reaction for sia ... | 1985 | 3892008 |
| rapid in vitro replication of group b streptococcus in term human amniotic fluid. | 4-hour in vitro growth curves of a type iii group b streptococcus (gbs) and escherichia coli were examined in sterile term human amniotic fluid specimens. both bacterial strains proliferated despite ratios of phosphate to elemental zinc in the range reportedly inhibitory for e. coli. after 4 h of incubation, despite comparable inocula, gbs numbers exceeded those of e. coli by 10-fold. the strikingly rapid growth of some gbs strains in amniotic fluid may represent yet another factor responsible f ... | 1985 | 3894177 |
| mercuric reductase enzymes from streptomyces species and group b streptococcus. | mercury volatilization (hg2+ reductase) activity has been found with hg2+-resistant isolates of three streptomyces species and with three hg2+-resistant strains of group b streptococcus from clinical sources in japan. hg2+ reductase activities in crude cell extracts showed the temperature sensitivity, the requirement for an added thiol compound and the characteristic dependence on nad(p)h cofactors of similar enzymes isolated from other bacteria. | 1985 | 3894571 |
| evaluation of the spot-camp test for the rapid presumptive identification of group b streptococci. | a rapid spot-camp test was evaluated for its ability to accurately identify colonies of streptococcus agalactiae (lancefield group b) growing on primary sheep blood agar plates. the test uses a beta-lysin-containing filtrate, which is prepared from a broth culture of staphylococcus aureus. a drop of beta-lysin filtrate is applied adjacent to a suspected group b streptococcus (gbs) colony and the plate is incubated and then examined for a zone of synergistic hemolysis. the spot-camp test demonstr ... | 1985 | 3895888 |
| prevalence of type-specific group b streptococcal antibody in human sera: a study of 405 pregnant women. | presence of immunoglobulin g antibody against the five standard serotypes of group b streptococcus was measured by means of indirect immunofluorescence in the sera of 405 women at the time of delivery in the obstetric hospital in vancouver. antibody to all five serotypes was present in 22% of women whereas only 9.6% had no detectable antibody to any serotype. among 47 women with group b streptococcus vaginal colonization, igg antibody was detected against the homologous colonizing serotype in 10 ... | 1985 | 3895953 |
| group b streptococcal vaccines. | in recent years group b streptococcus (gbs) has been recognized as a major perinatal pathogen. as with other encapsulated bacteria, protective immunity appears to correlate with serum antibody specific for the homologous capsular polysaccharide antigen of each serotype. since susceptibility of the young infant to disseminated gbs infection relates to type-specific antibody deficiency in maternal serum, immunization of women with purified gbs type-specific polysaccharides has been proposed as a m ... | 1985 | 3898306 |
| comparison of ceftazidime with cefamandole for therapy of community-acquired pneumonia. | ceftazidime and cefamandole were compared in the treatment of pneumonia. the median mic of ceftazidime for all streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 17) and haemophilus influenzae (n = 10) isolates was 0.125 microgram/ml. all other isolates were inhibited by less than 0.5 microgram of ceftazidime per ml, with the exception of a group b streptococcus (mic = 4 micrograms/ml). satisfactory clinical responses were observed in 91% (20 of 22) of cefamandole-treated patients and 85% (17 of 20) of ceftazidime-t ... | 1985 | 3899002 |
| chlamydia, group b streptococcus, and herpes in pregnancy. | 1985 | 3899134 | |
| [isolation of group b streptococcus from clinical specimens and the methods of its identification]. | 1985 | 3907213 | |
| [neonatal septicemia caused by group b streptococcus associated with right diaphragmatic hernia with delayed disclosure]. | 1985 | 3907475 | |
| postsplenectomy sepsis caused by group b streptococcus (s. agalactiae) in an adult patient with diabetes mellitus. | overwhelming postsplenectomy infection (opsi) due to group b streptococcus developed in an insulin-dependent diabetic patient. the illness began with nonspecific symptoms, followed rapidly by hypotension and disseminated intravascular coagulation. the early institution of appropriate antibiotics, fluid replacement and pressor agents resulted in a favorable clinical outcome. the association of group b streptococcal infection and diabetes mellitus is discussed. the defects in normal host defenses ... | 1985 | 3908027 |
| purification and characterization of camp-factor from streptococcus agalactiae by hydrophobic interaction chromatography and chromatofocusing. | camp-factor from streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococcus) was purified 60-fold from the culture supernatant to electrophoretic homogeneity in 57% yield. the purification procedure involved ammonium sulphate precipitation, ultrafiltration, hydrophobic interaction chromatography on octyl-sepharose and chromatofocusing on polybuffer exchanger pbe 94. the purified camp-factor consists of a single polypeptide chain with an apparent molecular weight of 25 kd and an isoelectric point of 8.9. th ... | 1985 | 3908464 |
| [indicators of the persistence of l-forms of group b streptococcus in experimental infection of animals]. | 1985 | 3909686 | |
| application of the directigen group b strep-test kit to the rapid identification of group b streptococcus strains. | 1985 | 3916235 | |
| immune globulin for intravenous use: enhancement of in vitro opsonophagocytic activity of neonatal serum. | neonates born with less-than-protective levels of transplacentally derived specific antibody are at risk for the development of disease due to type iii, group b streptococcus (iii-gbs). the effect of immune serum globulin modified for intravenous use (misg) on in vitro opsonophagocytosis of iii-gbs was evaluated. cord blood was obtained from 13 healthy, full-term neonates, and bactericidal activity for iii-gbs was measured. before the addition of misg, one of three serum specimens with moderate ... | 1985 | 3918123 |
| group b streptococcus type ii antisera have anti-galactan specificities. | it has been confirmed by immunochemical methods that group b streptococcal capsular polysaccharides of type ii contain terminal non-reducing beta-(1-6)-d-galactosyl groups. this immunodominant structure is detected by immune antisera from rabbits. as beta-(1-6)-d-galactosyl residues are the predominant end groups of a number of plant and animal galactans, anti-type ii streptococcus antisera can also be used as anti-galactans. on the other side, different anti-galactans from various origins (lect ... | 1985 | 3925659 |
| neonatal septicaemia. | a total of 410 proved cases of neonatal septicaemia from seven finnish hospitals seen between 1976 and 1980 were reviewed. the annual incidence of neonatal septicaemia was 3 per 1000 births, and overall mortality was 23%. onset was early in most patients. symptoms of septicaemia occurred within the first 24 hours of life in 44% and within the first week of life in 90%. in the very early onset disease (within 24 hours) mortality was 30%, compared with 17% in all other cases. group b streptococcus ... | 1985 | 3925895 |
| cervicitis and urethritis caused by group b streptococcus: case report. | group b streptococcus is not often isolated by gynaecologists when a clinical diagnosis of cervicitis is made. i report on a patient suffering from cervicitis and urethritis caused by this organism, whose symptoms completely resolved after she was treated with phenoxymethylpenicillin. | 1985 | 3930385 |
| molecular size affects antigenicity of type iii, group b streptococcus capsular polysaccharide. | 1985 | 3939504 | |
| human igg antibody to group b streptococcus type iii: comparison of protective levels in a murine model with levels in infected human neonates. | we determined the serum concentration of human igg antibody to the native capsular polysaccharide of group b streptococcus (gbs) type iii needed to passively protect mice against lethal homologous challenge. antibody was measured by an elisa, standardized by two methods, and corrected for nonprecipitating antibody. a concentration of 1.3 micrograms of igg antibody to gbs type iii/ml protected 126 (97%) of 130 mice from an 80%-96% lethal dose bacterial challenge. concentrations of igg antibody to ... | 1986 | 3950439 |
| ceftriaxone administered once or twice a day for treatment of bacterial infections of childhood. | twenty-six children received a single daily intravenous dose of ceftriaxone, 50 mg/kg, for a variety of bacterial infections including abscess (5), cellulitis (5), periorbital cellulitis (5), bacteremia without focus (4), osteomyelitis (2), pneumonia (2), pyelonephritis (2) and otitis media (1). organisms isolated from infectious foci were staphylococcus aureus (9), streptococcus pneumoniae (6), streptococcus pyogenes (3), escherichia coli (2); and haemophilus influenzae type b, nontypable h. in ... | 1985 | 3969362 |
| early detection of bacteremia in an outpatient clinic. | a total of 570 patients, aged less than 24 months, who were seen in the emergency room at texas children's hospital for evaluation of acute febrile illness had a wbc count, differential count, and a blood culture obtained. bacteremia occurred in 7.7% (n = 44) (22 haemophilus influenzae; 17 streptococcus pneumoniae; three escherichia coli; one group b streptococcus; one staphylococcus aureus). the sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of morphologic changes (vacuolization and to ... | 1985 | 3991267 |
| cefotaxime monotherapy of bacterial meningitis caused by gram-positive pathogens. | primary meningitis in children is caused by two gram-negative bacterial species, neisseria meningitidis and haemophilus influenzae, and one gram-positive bacterial species streptococcus pneumoniae. despite optimal penicillin susceptibility, with few exceptions, therapeutic results in pneumococcal meningitis are by far worse than with the other two pathogens. therefore, and because of the detection of penicillin-resistant rods, the study of alternatives in therapy is justified and was started wit ... | 1985 | 4055057 |
| opsonin system of the group b streptococcus. | the opsonization by polymorphonuclear leukocytes of group b streptococcal serotypes associated with neonatal sepsis and delayed meningitis was studied. a specific bia opsonizing antibody (not related to the antipolysaccharide typing antibody) was present in only 10% of the population tested. serotype bia was not opsonized in the absence of this specific antibody. bia antibody specificity was demonstrated by macroagglutination and absorption with bia streptococci and extracts, but not by gel diff ... | 1974 | 4215762 |
| meningitis in an infant due to group b streptococcus demonstrated with immunoelectroosmophoresis (ieop). | 1973 | 4592180 | |
| an unusual case of infection caused by a group b streptococcus. | 1972 | 5062514 | |
| group b streptococcus meningitis in an elderly woman. | 1971 | 5139996 | |
| [neonatal meningitis due to group b streptococcus. 4 cases]. | 1970 | 5440168 | |
| neonatal infection due to group b streptococcus. | 1971 | 5542100 | |
| the importance of group b streptococci as human pathogens in the british isles. | a case of meningitis due to a group b streptococcus in a newborn baby is described. treatment was successful; it depended upon the bacteriological diagnosis and sensitivity testing. only a few such cases are reported in the british literature, but this type of infection may be more common than these reports would suggest. | 1971 | 5571836 |
| in vitro response of the bovine peripheral lymphocyte to stimulation with cellular antigens of group b streptococcus and phytohaemagglutinin. | 1968 | 5640943 | |
| non-haemolytic group b streptococcus. | 1969 | 5822166 | |
| septicemia due to group b streptococcus: report of two siblings presenting with lesions resembling erythema nodosum. | 1965 | 5846837 | |
| pharmacokinetics and clinical evaluation of cefotaxime in children suffering with purulent meningitis. | seventy-five children with bacterial meningitis were included in a multicentre trial for evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy of cefotaxime. mean age of patients was 4 years. causative pathogens were haemophilus influenzae in 28 patients (37%), neisseria meningitidis in 27 patients (36%), streptococcus pneumoniae in 10 patients (13%), group b streptococcus in 2 patients (2%) and unknown in 8 patients. all isolated pathogens were susceptible to cefotaxime ... | 1984 | 6094436 |
| cefotaxime therapy of bacterial meningitis in children. | thirty children with bacterial meningitis were randomized to receive either ampicillin and chloramphenicol in standard doses or cefotaxime (50 mg/kg/dose every 6 h) for 10 to 14 days. eighteen patients received ampicillin and chloramphenicol and 12 patients received cefotaxime. cerebrospinal fluid isolated included: haemophilus influenzae (20), streptococcus pneumoniae (4), neisseria meningitidis (3), group b streptococcus (2), and salmonella enteritidis (1). five of the h. influenzae isolates w ... | 1984 | 6094438 |
| characterization of the group-specific polysaccharide of group b streptococcus. | the group-specific polysaccharide of the group b streptococcus was isolated by nitrous acid extraction followed by gel filtration on sepharose 6b and chromatography on deae-bio-gel a. it was composed of rhamnose, galactose, n-acetylglucosamine, and glucitol phosphate. mild periodate oxidation of the polysaccharide resulted in a rapid reduction in molecular weight, indicating that the glucitol was located in the backbone of the polymer. high-resolution 31p nmr showed the presence of a single type ... | 1984 | 6097185 |
| neonatal septicemia resulting from group b streptococci: a case report. | a case of neonatal septicemia resulting from group b streptococcus, type ic is reported. the infection occurred in a premature infant delivered by cesarean section, which followed fetal distress. the same organism was isolated from a high vaginal swab taken from the mother who had had premature rupture of the membranes 48 hours before admission to the hospital. both infant and mother made satisfactory recoveries. this is the first case of neonatal group b streptococcal infection reported from ni ... | 1980 | 6102067 |
| soluble group- and type-specific antigens from type iii group b streptococcus. | two soluble polysaccharide antigens of a type iii group b streptoccus were isolated from the culture medium after growth of strain m732 in a chemically defined broth supplemented with acid-hydrolyzed casein. the type- and group- specific antigens were isolated from the culture supernatant by anion-exchange chromatography with diethylaminoethyl-sephacel. two carbohydrate-containing peaks, which had serological reactivity with group b or type iii antiserum, respectively, were eluted with a linear ... | 1980 | 6155346 |
| influence of preimmunization antibody levels on the specificity of the immune response to related polysaccharide antigens. | we studied the influence of preimmunization antibody level on the immune response of adults to one of two structurally related yet immunologically distinct type-specific polysaccharides from type iii group b streptococcus and type 14 pneumonococcus. four weeks after immunization with multivalent pneumococcal vaccine, 20 subjects with low levels of antibody to type iii group b streptococcus antigen had no significant increase in antibody to this antigen (p greater than 0.05), but all volunteers w ... | 1980 | 6155612 |
| structural determination and serology of the native polysaccharide antigen of type-iii group b streptococcus. | 1980 | 6155983 | |
| structure and serology of the native polysaccharide antigen of type ia group b streptococcus. | the native polysaccharide antigen isolated from type ia group b streptococcus by using ph-controlled growth conditions and extraction procedures contains d-galactose, d-glucose, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucose, and sialic acid in the molar ratio of 2:1:1:1. the structure of the native type ia antigen has been elucidated; it can be represented by the following repeating unit in which all the side-chain beta-d-galactopyranose units are masked by sialic acid residues: [formula: see text] removal of a ... | 1980 | 6156459 |
| mouse protection assay for group b streptococcus type iii. | the mucin model for group b streptococcus (gbs) type iii was used to assay the protective effect of sera against a type iii challenge in mice. hyperimmune rabbit sera, prepared by the lancefield method against the laboratory reference strain (ss620) and a clinical isolate (m732), protected against a lethal challenge with either strain of gbs type iii. absorption of the sera with either of these type iii strains removed the protective effect. neither normal rabbit sera nor heterologous antisera ( ... | 1982 | 6172381 |
| protection of mice from experimental infection with type iii group b streptococcus using monoclonal antibodies. | mouse hybridoma antibodies of several major classes against group b streptococcus type iii have been produced. mice were immunized with either whole heat-killed or acid-treated organisms to obtain antibodies against both the complete (sialated) or incomplete (nonsialated) forms of the type iii polysaccharide. resulting monoclonal antibodies showed exclusive specificity for either the complete or incomplete antigen. the ability of these antibodies to protect mice from a lethal challenge of live t ... | 1983 | 6193228 |
| quantitation of igg antibody to the type-specific polysaccharide of group b streptococcus type 1b in pregnant women and infected infants. | 1984 | 6207281 | |
| moxalactam in the treatment of pediatric infections. | the clinical efficacy and safety of the new oxacephalosporin moxalactam disodium were evaluated in 54 children with a variety of pediatric infections. except for a terminally ill neutropenic leukemic patient with pneumonia and sepsis due to pseudomonas aeruginosa who died shortly after initiation of therapy, moxalactam treatment was effective in all patients. no recurrent infections were observed. the rate of clinical response to moxalactam appeared to be at least comparable to that of patients ... | 1982 | 6214182 |
| [rectovaginal colonization by group b streptococcus]. | the influence of various factors, including age, pregnancy, contraceptive methods, menstrual cycle and use of vaginal tampons, on rectal and vaginal colonization with group b streptococci was investigated in 81 women, 25 of whom were pregnant. the organism was found more frequently in the anus (22.2%) than in the vagina (16%) or the pharynx (2.4%). the colonization rate was higher in women younger than 20, and higher in non pregnant (30%) than in pregnant (12%) women. it was also higher during t ... | 1983 | 6220385 |
| characteristics and functional capacities of human cord blood granulocytes and monocytes. | cord blood phagocytic cells were characterized with respect to cytochemical activities, fc gamma and c3b receptors, and capacity to phagocytose and kill various species of bacteria. the percentages of peroxidase-positive granulocytes and monocytes from neonates and adults were comparable; the percentage of esterase-positive cord-blood monocytes was about two-thirds of that of adults' blood monocytes. the numbers of cord blood and adults' monocytes with fc gamma and c3b receptors were similar. ph ... | 1984 | 6240017 |
| pharmacokinetics and bacteriologic efficacy of moxalactam, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, and rocephin in experimental bacterial meningitis. | the pharmacokinetics and bacteriologic efficacy of four beta-lactam antibiotics were studied in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of rabbits using two test strains, escherichia coli type k1 and group b streptococcus type iii, and 24 gram-positive isolates. although moxalactam, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, and rocephin are active in vitro against gram-negative bacilli, the gram-positive bacteria listeria monocytogenes and streptococcus faecalis were resistant to all four drugs; group b strepto ... | 1981 | 6260870 |
| homology among tet determinants in conjugative elements of streptococci. | a mutation to tetracycline sensitivity in a resistant strain of streptococcus pneumoniae was shown by several criteria to be due to a point mutation in the conjugative omega (cat-tet) element found in the chromosomes of strains derived from bm6001, a clinical strain resistant to tetracycline and chloramphenicol. strains carrying the mutation were transformed back to tetracycline resistance with the high efficiency of a point marker by donor deoxyribonucleic acids from its ancestral strain and fr ... | 1981 | 6270063 |
| vaginitis in sexually active women: relationship to nine sexually transmitted organisms. | women seen for symptoms suggestive of vulvovaginitis were studied for the detection of mycoplasma hominis. ureaplasma urealyticum, yeast, neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, gardnerella vaginalis, herpes simplex virus, group b beta-hemolytic streptococci, aerobes, anaerobes, and trichomonas vaginalis. asymptomatic women who reported to be sexually active and agreed to undergo comprehensive genital cultures were used as controls. there was a significant association of vulvovaginitis wit ... | 1982 | 6280502 |
| [fundamental and clinical investigations of cefotaxime in neonates]. | fundamental and clinical investigations of cefotaxime were carried out in neonates. the following results were obtained. 1. seven neonates with serious infections caused by identifiable pathogens, including group b streptococcal meningitis and group a streptococcal sepsis, were treated by intravenous bolus injection of 20-200 mg/kg of cefotaxime 2 or 3 times daily (60-400 mg/kg/day). the clinical efficacy of cefotaxime was assessed to be good in 6 patients and fair in 1 patient. bacteriological ... | 1982 | 6294355 |
| experimental group b streptococcal endocarditis treated with penicillin g versus ceftizoxime. in vitro-in vivo disparity. | aortic valve endocarditis due to a penicillin g (pnc) and ceftizoxime (cz)-sensitive group b streptococcus (gbs) was induced in 72 rabbits. animals received either procaine pnc (300 mg/kg per day) or cz (150 mg/kg/day) for 3, 6, or 9 days. pnc rapidly sterilized blood cultures (less than or equal to 3 days) and significantly reduced vegetation gbs titers versus controls at all three sacrifice times (p less than 0.0005). in contrast, cz exerted a slow in vivo bactericidal effect with vegetation t ... | 1983 | 6311493 |
| comparison of ceftriaxone and traditional therapy of bacterial meningitis. | forty-five children (aged 1 day to 15 years) with bacterial meningitis were randomized to receive either traditional therapy (ampicillin and chloramphenicol or gentamicin, pending sensitivity) or ceftriaxone (100 mg/kg per day in two doses for a minimum of 10 days). the etiological agents involved were similar for the two groups and included haemophilus influenzae type b, neisseria meningitidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, and group b streptococcus. repeat spinal taps were carried out 24 to 48 h a ... | 1984 | 6322681 |
| maternal and infant sexually transmitted diseases. | sexually transmitted infection may result in serious damage to the reproductive tract of the mother, damage to the fetus, wastage of pregnancy, or illness or death of the infant. the effects of gonorrhea, chlamydia trachomatis infection, mycoplasmal infections, group b streptococcus infections, syphilis, and viral infections are discussed separately for both mother and infant. | 1984 | 6324439 |
| structural determination of the capsular polysaccharide antigen of type ii group b streptococcus. | 1983 | 6337145 | |
| the isolation and immunochemical characterisation of a cell-wall carbohydrate and a membrane lipocarbohydrate antigen of group b streptococcus, type ii. | two distinct carbohydrate antigens were isolated from the cell surface of group b streptococcus, type ii. one antigen was extracted from sds-purified cell walls by cold trichloroacetic acid and contained galactose, glucose, rhamnose, glucosamine and sialic acid in the approximate molar proportions 1.7:1.0:3.4:0.9:0.21 respectively. the serological activity of this polymer indicated that it is the group-specific antigen common to all group b streptococci. the second antigen was extracted by pheno ... | 1983 | 6337263 |
| [streptococcus group b septicemia. analysis of 18 cases in adults and 10 in newborn infants]. | from 1976 to 1981, 28 episodes of group b streptococcus (gbs) septicemia were identified in our hospital (chuv, university hospital lausanne), 18 in 17 adults and 10 in newborns. the latter had acute respiratory distress syndrome (8 cases) or meningitis (2 cases). in adults the skin was the main source of infection (6 diabetic foot, 4 acute cellulitis complicating chronic skin diseases, 2 infections secondary to diagnostic procedures (capillary and ascitic taps) and 1 meningitis secondary to neu ... | 1983 | 6338580 |
| biosynthesis of cell wall peptidoglycan and polysaccharide antigens by protoplasts of type iii group b streptococcus. | the formation of a nascent peptidoglycan-group-specific antigen of type iii group b streptococcus at the cell membrane level was demonstrated with an m-1 mutanolysin-prepared protoplast system. protoplasts of group b streptococci in suitably stabilized medium (20% sucrose) readily incorporated [3h]acetate into cell surface macromolecules. four major polysaccharides were isolated from the protoplast cultural supernatant fluid: the peptidoglycan group-specific antigen polymer, the group b-specific ... | 1983 | 6339471 |
| quantitation of in vitro opsonic activity of human antibody induced by a vaccine consisting of the type iii-specific polysaccharide of group b streptococcus. | human antibody, induced by a vaccine consisting of undegraded and highly purified extracellular type iii-specific polysaccharide of group b streptococcus, was shown to increase the rate of phagocyte-mediated killing of bacteria of the homologous type. the bactericidal effect was mediated by type iii-specific antibody and was complement dependent. an assay which permitted quantitation of "opsonic activity" was developed. in this assay, loss of cfus occurred at a constant rate, and the rate consta ... | 1983 | 6341229 |
| group b streptococcus in neonatal infection: identification of the mother at high-risk of fetal colonization. | 1983 | 6341332 | |
| selection of antimicrobial agents for treatment of neonatal sepsis. | the incidence of sepsis among neonates born in the united states varies from less than one to more than eight per 1,000 live births. bacterial meningitis occurs in about one-third of infants with sepsis and is more frequent during the first month of life than during any subsequent period. the clinical diagnosis of sepsis in newborn infants is difficult since signs are subtle and nonspecific. because of the difficulty of diagnosis, many infants receive treatment although few significant bacterial ... | 1983 | 6342099 |
| phagocytosis of group b streptococcus by neutrophils from newborn infants. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of severe "stress" on neonatal neutrophil (pmn) phagocytosis, and to compare the ability of neonatal and adult pmns to ingest [3h]-labeled type ic group b streptococcus (gbs). three patient populations were studied: healthy and "stressed" newborn infants and healthy adults. severe "stress" was defined as an acute, noninfectious respiratory illness, sepsis or severe birth asphyxia; 94% of these infants required assisted ventilation. radiolab ... | 1983 | 6343997 |
| [use of cephalosporins as antibiotic prophylaxis in cesarean section]. | cefoxitin, a second-generation cephalosporin, was compared with cefazolin, a first-generation cephalosporin, and a placebo in a prospective, double-blind study of antibiotic prophylaxis in women undergoing nonelective cesarean section. in the groups that received cefazolin or the placebo there eas no statistically significant change in colonization of the cervix by aerobic bacteria by the fourth day after the operation, but there was a statistically significant increase in colonization by anaero ... | 1983 | 6344970 |
| antibody to type iii group b streptococcus in the rhesus monkey. | susceptibility to infection due to intra-amniotic type iii group b streptococcal infection was studied in 27 rhesus monkeys. sera from mothers and their offspring were tested to determine the concentration of antibody to the native type iii group b streptococcus antigen. among 17 controls there was a statistically significant association between the concentration of maternal antibody prior to infection and both the neonatal survival rate and survival time (p less than 0.05). neonatal survival wa ... | 1983 | 6349364 |
| isolation and characterization of type iii group b streptococcal mutants defective in biosynthesis of the type-specific antigen. | four classes of mutants of type iii group b streptococcus were isolated by serial subculture of the wild-type strain in the presence of type iii-specific rabbit antiserum. class i mutants no longer synthesized sialic acid but still elaborated the core antigen. class ii mutants maintained the ability to synthesize sialic acid but could not attach it to the core antigen. class iii mutants did not produce the core antigen but still synthesized intracellular sialic acid. class iv mutants synthesized ... | 1983 | 6352490 |
| diagnosis and treatment of right bochdalek hernia associated with group b streptococcal pneumonia and sepsis in the neonate. | neonatal sepsis due to group b beta-hemolytic streptococcus (gbs) is reported to occur in about 1 out of 330 live births. right-sided bochdalek hernia (rbh) occurs in about 1 of 20,000 live births. the combination of group b streptococcal sepsis and delayed appearance of a right bochdalek hernia is an infrequently reported phenomenon--18 patients have been previously reported in the english literature. we add four patients from our own experience to these previous reports. since approximately 10 ... | 1983 | 6352894 |
| estimation of the protective level of human igg antibody to the type-specific polysaccharide of group b streptococcus type ia. | human igg antibody to the type-specific polysaccharide antigen of group b streptococcus type ia in the sera of mice was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, previously standardized by quantitative precipitation, 24 hr after passive immunization with human serum or affinity-chromatographed antibody. the concentrations of antibody needed to protect mice against 90% lethal dose challenge varied with the bacterial inoculum and ranged from 0.25 to 1 microgram/ml using five strains of group ... | 1983 | 6355310 |
| bacterial meningitis in older neonates. | during a five-year period, 24 patients' conditions (age range, 2 to 6 weeks) were diagnosed, and they were treated for bacterial meningitis. organisms recovered from the csf included group b streptococcus (n = 6), escherichia coli (n = 5), listeria monocytogenes (n = 5), hemophilus influenzae (n = 4), streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 2), and group d and group a streptococcus (one each). initial antimicrobial therapy must include antibiotics that are effective across this spectrum of potential patho ... | 1983 | 6356881 |
| a non-hemolytic, group b streptococcus infection of cultured bullfrogs, rana catesbeiana, in brazil. | a systemic streptococcal infection in cultured bullfrogs in brazil was characterized by necrotizing splenitis and hepatitis with hepatic and renal hemorrhage. a non-hemolytic group b streptococcus appeared to be the cause of the lesions, and the stimulus for the splenic reticuloendothelial hyperplasia observed in the animals. stress may have been a factor in the development of the pathological condition. | 1983 | 6358536 |
| selective pigment medium for streptococcus agalactiae. | increased awareness of the importance of streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococcus) in neonatal morbidity and mortality has demonstrated the need for a selective and differential primary plating medium. in this report we describe a selective pigment medium containing colistin and nalidixic acid that allows presumptive identification of s. agalactiae from the primary plate, even when specimens are polymicrobic. a preliminary study compared the value of three media for pigment production by ... | 1983 | 6359879 |
| rapid diagnosis of group b streptococcal infection utilizing a commercially available latex agglutination assay. | the wellcogen strep b latex assay rapidly identifies all cases of culture-positive sepsis and meningitis and may be more sensitive than standard culture techniques for identifying group b streptococcus disease and assessing the degree of severity. the quantitation of antigen concentration combined with the peripheral wbc count proves helpful in predicting poor outcome. | 1984 | 6361678 |
| cutaneous group b streptococcal infection. | a 20-year-old man had a penile ulceration from which a pure, heavy growth of group b streptococcus was cultured. cutaneous infection with this organism is unusual, and it is most often reported in postpartum women, diabetic patients, and immunocompromised individuals. vaginal colonization with group b streptococcus is common. since traumatic erosions or ulcerations of the penis are not uncommon, it is likely that a certain number of unrecognized infections of this type occur. | 1984 | 6362569 |
| group b streptococcal meningitis appearing as acute deafness in an adult. | a case of group b streptococcal meningitis developed in a previously healthy adult. the group b streptococcus may be underrecognized as a pathogen in human disease. survival is good after appropriate therapy, with only six fatalities in 33 cases reported in the literature. however, our patient showed the unusual neurologic complication of bilateral deafness in group b meningitis in adults. | 1984 | 6362629 |
| transplacental passage of igg antibody to group b streptococcus serotype ia. | 1984 | 6368784 | |
| rapid detection of group b streptococcal antigen by monoclonal antibody sandwich enzyme assay. | group b streptococcus (gbs) is the most common cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis. infants at greatest risk to develop invasive disease are delivered to women colonized with gbs in their birth canals and lacking immunity to the colonizing serotype. we have investigated the sensitivity and specificity of a recently developed monoclonal antibody sandwich enzyme immunoassay for detection of gbs antigen. the sandwich enzyme immunoassay detected types ii and iii gbs at a concentration of 5 x 10( ... | 1984 | 6371047 |
| protective efficacy of hybridoma type-specific antibody against experimental infection with group-b streptococcus. | murine monoclonal antibodies to group-b streptococcus type iii were developed by fusion of splenic lymphocytes from immunized balb/c mice with the mouse-myeloma cell line sp 2/0. the four type iii-specific antibodies, which were of the igm class, protected neonatal rats against intraperitoneal infection with homologous-type group-b streptococci; survival rates were 95%-100% for protected rats but only 17% for unprotected rats. one antibody preparation offered excellent protection against any of ... | 1984 | 6371154 |
| failure of inhibition of in vivo group b streptococcus growth in rhesus amniotic fluid. | 1984 | 6372490 | |
| the role of the vaginal colonization of the medical and paramedical staff in the nosocomial transmission of group-b streptococcus. | the authors consider the presence of streptococcus of group b in the vaginal flora of the medical and paramedical staff who work at the obstetrical and gynaecological clinic and at the department of neonatology at the s. matteo polyclinic. the identification of fellows (6 cases, 6.8%) colonized by gbs improves the hypothesis of the possibility of a hospital-transmission of the microorganism , and this transmission explains the possible bacterial colonization of newborns, whose mothers are gbs ne ... | 1984 | 6373057 |
| studies of short-term pulmonary and peripheral vascular responses induced in oophorectomized sheep by the infusion of a group b streptococcal extract. | short-term (0-30 min) pulmonary and systemic vascular responses of oophorectomized ewes infused intravenously with a trichloroacetic acid (tca) extract of a type iii (strain 878) group b streptococcus (gbs) were studied. tca-878 extract induced significant pulmonary hypertension, reduction in femoral artery pressure and reduced femoral artery po2. these responses were similar to those observed after the infusion of sublethal doses of e. coli endotoxin and could be prevented by priming the animal ... | 1984 | 6374597 |
| [bacteriological studies of materno-fetal infections caused by group b streptococcus]. | a screening, that we have carried out on pregnant women, has allowed to isolate 33 strains of group b streptococci (19.8%) on the vervical -vaginal mucous membrane. the newborn's colonization was of 20%. no infectious disease was observed in the newborn. the simplicity and the practicability of the methodology are an useful contribution to the prevention of these possible maternal-foetal diseases. | 1983 | 6374737 |
| epiglottic abscess due to group b streptococcus. communication. | a group b streptococcus caused epiglottitis with abscess formation in an adult with diabetes mellitus. group b streptococci are being more commonly isolated from adults, and epiglottitis is another infection in which this organism has been implicated. | 1984 | 6375519 |
| group b streptococcus amnionitis with intact membranes associated with quintuplet delivery. | chorioamnionitis is a frequent cause of premature labour and delivery, as well as of maternal and neonatal mortality. group b streptococcus (gbs) has emerged over the past decade as a common pathogen in the etiology of neonatal sepsis. the case of chorioamnionitis reported here is unusual for three reasons: the premature labour was associated with intact membrane and amniotic fluid infected with gbs; all 5 infants were contaminated with gbs and all infants survived. chorioamniotitis with intact ... | 1984 | 6376193 |
| [fundamental and clinical studies of ceftazidime in the field of pediatrics]. | we have studied ceftazidime (caz), a cephem antibiotic of the new generation, for its antibacterial activity against h. influenzae and clinical effects. antibacterial activity: mics of caz for 142 strains of h. influenzae including 11 abpc-resistant strains which were clinically isolated, were determined, and the results were good for all the strains. clinical effects: caz was administered to 9 children with infections. suspected causative organisms were h. influenzae, e. coli, p. aeruginosa, gr ... | 1984 | 6376849 |
| group b streptococcus arthritis. | serious infections with group b streptococcus (streptococcus agalactiae) are rare in adults. a 81-year-old patient with cirrhosis who developed a septic arthritis due to this germ, is described. only eleven cases of group b streptococcal arthritis have been previously reported. | 1983 | 6378495 |
| use of the becton-dickinson urine culture tube with the abbott ms-2 urine screening system. | urine specimens were obtained from 312 obstetric outpatients by sterile midstream technique and aliquots placed in both becton-dickinson urine culture tubes and sterile conventional tubes. quantitative cultures were made from each tube, and each tube was screened for bacteria with the abbott ms-2 urine screening system. the time required to detect bacteriuria was recorded for both specimens. isolates from specimens containing greater than or equal to 50,000/ml gram-positive cocci or greater than ... | 1984 | 6378504 |
| protective levels of human immunoglobulin g antibody to group b streptococcus type ib. | we studied the concentration of circulating human immunoglobulin g (igg) antibody to the native capsular polysaccharide of group b streptococcus (gbs) type ib necessary to protect mice against lethal challenge by laboratory and clinical gbs ib strains. antibody was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in which native polysaccharide antigen coupled to human serum albumin was used. the assay was standardized by a quantitative precipitation test, using native antigen and specific human ... | 1984 | 6381309 |
| diminished bactericidal capacity for group b streptococcus in neutrophils from "stressed" and healthy neonates. | this study compared the bactericidal capacity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) from neonates and adults for type ic group b streptococcus (gbs), and examined the effect of severe stress on the bactericidal capacity of pmns from newborn infants. pmns were obtained from three study groups: 26 adults, 13 healthy neonates (cord blood), and 29 stressed neonates. stress was defined as an acute respiratory illness or bacterial infection requiring assisted ventilation. bacterial killing was assess ... | 1984 | 6382134 |
| the effect of dilution during culture on detection of low concentrations of bacteria in blood. | the standard procedure for culturing blood is to inoculate 5 ml of blood into 50 ml of broth, resulting in a blood-broth ratio of 1:10. in infants, where only 0.5 to 1.0 ml of blood is available for culture, blood:broth ratios may be as dilute as 1:100. the purpose of this study was to determine whether a blood-broth ratio of 1:100 was as sensitive as a ratio of 1:10 for detecting low concentrations of bacteria in blood. blood (0.5 ml) seeded with 2 to 30 organisms/ml of one of four common pedia ... | 1984 | 6382188 |
| maternal and neonatal colonization with group b streptococcus and neonatal outcome. | 1984 | 6384038 | |
| [fatal intrauterine infection after maternal group b streptococcus haemolyticus (agalactiae) disease]. | 1984 | 6384877 | |
| group-b streptococcus--profile of an organism. | 1984 | 6387125 | |
| immediate postmortem cultures in an intensive care nursery. | the results of several published studies suggest that bacterial infection plays an important role in the mortality of neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) patients. to evaluate more thoroughly this role we have routinely performed postmortem cultures of blood and cerebrospinal fluid on all infants who die in our nicu. during a 5-year review period 25.9% of infants who died had one or both cultures positive for an organism considered to be pathogenic in the neonate. the organisms most commonly cul ... | 1984 | 6393077 |
| pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in newborn infants. | doses of 50 mg of ceftazidime per kg were administered intravenously to 29 newborn infants every 8 or 12 h for 3 to 5 days. mean peak concentrations in plasma ranged from 102 to 124 micrograms/ml. mean elimination half-life values ranged from 2.9 to 6.7 h and varied inversely with gestational age and plasma clearances. peak and trough plasma bactericidal titers against an escherichia coli and a group b streptococcus strain were at least 1:16 and 1:32, respectively. | 1984 | 6393862 |