Publications

haemophilus paraphrophilus infection: a pitfall in laboratory diagnosis.	many clinical laboratories have difficulty in identifying a group of organisms which are catalase negative, oxidase positive, gram negative rods. we describe a case of purulent sacroiliitis due to haemophilus paraphrophilus where the organism was initially misidentified as eikenella corrodens leading to inappropriate antimicrobial chemotherapy. we review the strains of h. paraphrophilus and e. corrodens that were identified by the national collection of type cultures over the last ten years. onl ...	1995	7751671
haemophilus paraphrophilus--an unusual cause of endocarditis.		1994	7848169
single polymerase chain reaction for the detection of tetracycline-resistant determinants tet k and tet l.	oligonucleotide primers were used in polymerase chain reaction assays to detect tetracycline-resistant determinants tet k and tet l. forty-three isolates representing 11 genera carrying tet k and/or tet l determinants gave appropriate pcr products. the pcr products hybridized with labelled tet k or tet l probes, and differentiated the tet k from the tet l pcr products. we confirmed that two haemophilus aphrophilus carried the tet k determinant and two veillonella parvula carried the tet l determ ...	1994	7877638
[haemophilus aphrophilus bacteremia and diagnostic criteria of infectious endocarditis].		1994	7981295
haemophilus aphrophilus as a rare cause of arthritis.	a case of septic arthritis due to haemophilus aphrophilus is presented. this organism has rarely been reported as a cause of bone or joint infections. we believe this is the third reported case of septic arthritis caused by this microorganism. we review the clinical and bacteriologic findings and the previously reported cases of infection caused by h. aphrophilus. treatment with ceftriaxone was followed by full recovery without sequelae.	1994	7986906
binding of human hemoglobin by haemophilus influenzae.	binding of biotinylated human hemoglobin to haemophilus influenzae was detected when organisms were grown in heme-deplete, but not heme-replete, conditions. hemoglobin binding was completely inhibited by a 100-fold excess of unlabelled human hemoglobin or human hemoglobin complexed with human haptoglobin. binding was only partially inhibited by rat hemoglobin, bovine hemoglobin, human globin, and bovine globin, and not at all by heme, human serum albumin, bovine serum albumin, human transferrin, ...	1994	8020748
liver abscess following blunt trauma: a case report and review of the literature.	we report a case of haemophilus paraphrophilus causing primary liver abscesses after blunt nonpenetrating trauma. a 32-year-old previously healthy white man sustained a back injury 2 months prior to admission with fever, chills, and night sweats. a computed tomography (ct) scan-directed needle aspirate of several hypoechoic hepatic lesions grew h paraphrophilus. recent blunt trauma to the lower back may have contributed to the localization of this infection to an area of contusion or hematoma wi ...	1994	8052889
case report of spinal epidural abscess caused by haemophilus paraphrophilus.	haemophilus paraphrophilus was recovered in pure culture from purulent material collected at surgery from a patient presenting with a spinal epidural abscess and a severe neurological deficit. this is the first report of such an occurrence.	1994	8150977
electron microscopy of phages in serotypes of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.	actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, actinobacillus ureae, haemophilus aphrophilus, haemophilus paraphrophilus, haemophilus influenzae, haemophilus parainfluenzae, pasteurella haemolytica and pasteurella multocida strains were examined by transmission electron microscopy for the presence of bacteriophages. phages were detected in serotype a (suny 75) and e (uoh 1705) and in the fresh clinical isolates uoh q1243 and uoh q1247 of a. actinomycetemcomitans. phages were not found in serotype b, c an ...	1993	8152840
haemophilus paraphrophilus vertebral osteomyelitis.	to report the first case of haemophilus paraphrophilus vertebral osteomyelitis--the second reported case of osteomyelitis of any site caused by this organism.	1994	8170429
vertebral osteomyelitis caused by haemophilus aphrophilus.		1993	8223668
multivariate chemosystematics demonstrate two groups of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans strains.	chemical analysis by us has indicated that actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is not a homogeneous species. the present study used chemometric methods and a multitude of chemical characters to examine this further. strains were characterized by cell sugar and fatty acid contents, lysis kinetics during edta and edta plus lysozyme exposure, methylene blue reduction, and api zym enzymatic assessment of whole cells and outer membrane vesicles/fragments. in total, 41 quantitative variables were ana ...	1993	8233565
killing of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and haemophilus aphrophilus by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes in serum and saliva.	the ability of polymorphonuclear leukocytes from human peripheral blood to kill actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and haemophilus aphrophilus was examined with fresh isolates and laboratory strains from each species (5 strains within each group) under different conditions. bacterial cells were mixed with a polymorphonuclear leukocyte suspension in the presence of either active serum or heat-inactivated serum or active serum together with sterile-filtered saliva. surviving bacteria were determ ...	1993	8233566
isolation of haemophilus paraphrophilus from an abdominal abscess.		1993	8243492
endophthalmitis caused by unusual gram-negative bacilli: three case reports and review.	endophthalmitis due to gram-negative bacilli has been associated with a high degree of vision loss. we report three cases due to the nonenteric gram-negative bacilli moraxella nonliquefaciens, haemophilus paraphrophilus, and multidrug-resistant haemophilus influenzae. the features of these cases are compared with those of other reported cases of endophthalmitis due to unusual nonenteric gram-negative bacilli. fifty-eight percent of patients had no vision in the affected eye after treatment. earl ...	1993	8268350
polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemiluminescence induced by actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and haemophilus aphrophilus in serum and saliva.	the ability of different strains of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (a.a.) and haemophilus aphrophilus (h.a.) to trigger activation of an oxidative burst in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnl) was examined by measuring the luminol-amplified light emission--chemiluminescence (cl)--from these cells. bacterial cells were incubated with pmnl from one healthy subject, in the presence of either active serum, heat-inactivated serum, saliva, or saliva and active serum. in the presence of acti ...	1993	8290876
identification of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans by leukotoxin gene-specific hybridization and polymerase chain reaction assays.	eleven strains of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans isolated from cases of systemic infections, local abscesses, and periodontitis were identified by genetic assays using the leukotoxin gene as the target. we have developed a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay, based on the leukotoxin structural gene of this pathogen, which clearly identified all tested strains of a. actinomycetemcomitans and separated them from the closely related haemophilus aphrophilus as well as other bacterial species ...	1993	8349764
haemophilus aphrophilus discitis and vertebral osteomyelitis.	an unusual case of discitis and vertebral osteomyelitis due to haemophilus aphrophilus is described. infections due to this organism have usually responded to treatment with beta-lactam antibiotics. however, our isolate was resistant to third-generation cephalosporins which has not been reported previously in the world literature. the patient made a good clinical response to ciprofloxacin treatment.	1995	8539556
liver abscess caused by haemophilus paraphrophilus and streptococcus anginosus.		1995	8572383
[haemophilus aphrophilus as a rare cause of bacterial spondylitis].	we report a case of lumbar spondylitis due to haemophilus aphrophilus in a 36-year-old man with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. haemophilus aphrophilus is a gram-negative capnophilic, slow growing coccobacillus, a component of the normal human flora of the oropharynx. this organism is considered an uncommon human pathogen and has been reported in the literature in only 10 cases of bacterial spondylitis. we review the bacteriological and clinical findings, predisposing conditi ...	1996	8701249
polymicrobial brain abscess involving haemophilus paraphrophilus and actinomyces odontolyticus.	a case of brain abscess involving haemophilus paraphrophilus and actinomyces odontolyticus is presented. this combination of organisms has not previously been described. all brain abscess specimens should routinely be processed rapidly and cultured for a prolonged period to ensure recovery of fastidious organisms which may have implications for antibiotic therapy.	1996	8761504
novel fnr homologues identified in four representative oral facultative anaerobes: capnocytophaga ochracea, capnocytophaga sputigena, haemophilus aphrophilus, and actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.	based upon dna sequence data and positive immunochemical reactivity of expressed protein, novel homologues of the fnr family were identified in four representative oral facultative anaerobes: capnocytophaga ochracea, capnocytophaga sputigena, haemophilus aphrophilus, and actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. the similarity to e. coli fnr and to hlyx (itself 71% similar to e. coli fnr, while regulating expression of hemolysin operon in actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae) was estimated from the deduc ...	1996	8998988
myeloperoxidase isoform activities released by human neutrophils in response to dental and periodontal bacteria.	myeloperoxidase is an enzyme released by polymorphonuclear leukocytes which has been used, experimentally, as an indicator of periodontal disease activity when measured in gingival crevicular fluid. there are three myeloperoxidase isoforms: mpo i, mpo ii and mpo iii. we examined the activities of myeloperoxidase isoforms released by neutrophils in response to serum-opsonized actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, haemophilus aphrophilus, eikenella corrodens, capnocytophaga sputigena and streptoco ...	1997	9151641
rapid identification of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, haemophilus aphrophilus, and haemophilus paraphrophilus by restriction enzyme analysis of pcr-amplified 16s rrna genes.	restriction enzyme analysis of pcr-amplified 16s rrna genes was used to distinguish among clinical isolates of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, haemophilus aphrophilus, and haemophilus paraphrophilus which were originally identified by conventional phenotypic methods. this pcr-based method is a reliable and rapid alternative to conventional methods for identification of these bacterial species.	1997	9163503
spinal abscess of haemophilus paraphrophilus. a case report.	a case of paraspinal abscess formation from haemophilus paraphrophilus is presented.	1997	9431611
haemophilus aphrophilus bacteraemia complicated with vertebral osteomyelitis and spinal epidural abscess in a patient with liver cirrhosis.	haemophilus aphrophilus is rarely implicated as an aetiology of spinal epidural abscess. a 73-year-old woman with liver cirrhosis who developed h. aphrophilus bacteraemia complicated with vertebral osteomyelitis and spinal epidural abscess is presented. without surgical decompression, she was successfully treated with cefotaxime for 3 weeks, followed by maintenance with ciprofloxacin for another 10 weeks. the clinical features of eight previously reported cases of vertebral osteomyelitis without ...	1997	9459409
serum antibodies reacting with subgingival species in refractory periodontitis subjects.	the purpose of this investigation was to compare the levels of serum igg antibody to 85 subgingival species in 32 refractory periodontitis, 56 successfully treated, and 33 periodontally healthy subjects. refractory subjects showed mean full mouth attachment loss and/or >3 sites showing attachment loss >2.5 mm within 1 year after 2 treatment modalities, scaling and root planing and surgery plus systemically administered tetracycline. successfully-treated subjects showed mean attachment level gain ...	1998	9696261
haemophilus paraphrophilus; a rare cause of intracranial abscess.	we report a case of a 42-year-old man man who presented with neurological symptoms and was found to have an intracranial abscess. a stereotactic aspiration of the abscess yielded a pure growth of haemophilus paraphrophilus. the patient responded to treatment with cefotaxime. we postulate the mechanism of infection in this patient.	1998	9733388
growth differences of capnocytophaga canimorsus strains and some other fastidious organisms on various columbia-based blood agar media.	three human isolates of capnocytophaga canimorsus from blood cultures showed no growth when cultivated on sheep blood agar plates based on bbl columbia agar base, whereas the same three strains grew excellently on sheep blood agar plates based on difco columbia agar bases no. 2 or eh. two of the three strains also grew well on blood agar plates based on biomérieux columbia agar. strains that grew better on either difco or biomérieux columbia based blood agar plates were found among eikenella cor ...	1995	9810657
haemophilus aphrophilus meningitis complicated by hydrocephalus in an immunocompetent adult.	a case of meningitis due to an unusual organism, haemophilus aphrophilus in an adult is described. in spite of rapid clearance of the organism from the cerebrospinal fluid with intravenous cefotaxime, fever persisted over 8 days of therapy and infection was complicated by hydrocephalus. h. aphrophilus meningitis is uncommon and has not been previously reported in an adult male.	1998	9861570
epithelial cell invasion by actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans strains from restriction fragment-length polymorphism groups associated with juvenile periodontitis or carrier status.	the epithelial cell invasiveness of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans strains of different restriction fragment-length polymorphism (rflp) groups associated with disease conversion and asymptomatic carrier status in localized juvenile periodontitis was examined. twenty clinical isolates were studied for their ability to invade kb monolayers, using the quantitative gentamicin killing assay. five isolates were found to be invasive, five were not invasive; and the other 10 did not invade better ...	1998	9872109
evaluation of two commercial kits and arbitrarily primed pcr for identification and differentiation of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, haemophilus aphrophilus, and haemophilus paraphrophilus.	the closely related species actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, haemophilus aphrophilus, and haemophilus paraphrophilus are common findings in oral microbiota. the aims of this study were to evaluate the applicability of the rapid nh and api zym kits and arbitrarily primed pcr (ap-pcr) in the identification and differentiation of the three species from each other. the material included 62 clinical isolates and three reference strains of a. actinomycetemcomitans representing the 5 serotypes and ...	1999	9986843
dominant cross-reactive antibodies generated during the response to a variety of oral bacterial species detect phosphorylcholine.	the intraperitoneal immunization of balb/c mice with subgingival plaque from advanced periodontal pockets or with certain strains of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, fusobacterium nucleatum, actinomyces israelii, streptococcus mitis, or streptococcus oralis yielded frequently indistinguishable igm monoclonal antibodies which were reactive with antigens from a variety of oral bacteria. this study aimed to characterize the specificity of such monoclonal antibodies and the diversity of oral ba ...	1999	10065949
[endocarditis caused by haemophilus aphrophilus].		1999	10217861
haemophilus aphrophilus osteomyelitis after dental prophylaxis. a case report.	a 36-year-old patient who was otherwise healthy had acute osteomyelitis of the humeral shaft develop after routine prophylactic dental cleaning and ultrasonic scaling. haemophilus aphrophilus grew on cultures of material obtained during biopsy of the humerus, and pathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of acute osteomyelitis. haemophilus aphrophilus, a fastidious gram negative bacillus, is part of the normal oral flora and is a rare pathogen. osteomyelitis caused by haemophilus aphrophilu ...	1999	10379323
microtubules are associated with intracellular movement and spread of the periodontopathogen actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.	actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans suny 465, the invasion prototype strain, enters epithelial cells by an actin-dependent mechanism, escapes from the host cell vacuole, and spreads intracellularly and to adjacent epithelial cells via intercellular protrusions. internalized organisms also egress from host cells into the assay medium via protrusions that are associated with just a single epithelial cell. here we demonstrate that agents which inhibit microtubule polymerization (e.g., colchicine) ...	1999	10569770
recurrent cervical lymphadenitis caused by haemophilus aphrophilus.		2000	10722471
serological relationship of some v-factor dependent pasteurellaceae (haemophilus sp.) from guineapigs and rabbits.	culture of guinea pig and rabbit respiratory tracts for bacteria using x- (haemin) and v- (nad) factor in agar media detected infection by v-factor dependent pasteurellaceae (haemophilus sp.) in three colonies of guinea pigs and a group of rabbits. the 12 haemophilus strains comprised three api nh codes classed as haemophilus parainfluenzae and two codes classed as haemophilus aphrophilus/paraphrophilus. six cell wall lipid profiles were detected, but these were not related to api nh codes. both ...	1999	10759399
checkerboard dna-dna hybridization analysis of endodontic infections.	the purpose of this investigation was to examine the microbiota of infected root canals by using a molecular genetic method.	2000	10846131
[a case of pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis caused by haemophilus aphrophilus].	on aug. 3, 1999, a 73-year-old male was admitted to our hospital with the chief complaint of pain in the neck, high fever, and numbness in the arm. mri of the cervix showed high intensity at the c3/c4 disc space. laboratory data showed several signs of inflammation. haemophilus aphrophilus was detected from the specimen of the disc space, and the diagnosis of pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis caused by h. aphrophilus was made. after the identification of h. aphrophilus, antibiotic therapy with ce ...	2000	11193560
possible misidentification of haemophilus aphrophilus as pasteurella gallinarum.		2001	11247724
it could only happen to a doctor--haemophilus aphrophilus septicaemia complicated by a prevertebral infection after dental work.	a 53 year old man presented with severe neck pain and a flu-like illness; he had recently returned from sri lanka and had had dental treatment six days before illness onset. blood culture showed infection by haemophilus aphrophilus. magnetic resonance imaging was performed and exploratory surgery undertaken. the prevertebral cervical fascia was inflamed but no abscess identified. he was treated with antibiotics and made an uneventful recovery.	2001	11264493
vertebral infections caused by haemophilus aphrophilus: case report and review.	to review in detail clinical presentation, bacteriologic findings, associated conditions and treatment of haemophilus aphrophilus vertebral osteomyelitis and to compare them to a case we report herein.	2001	11318807
phosphorylcholine-dependent cross-reactivity between dental plaque bacteria and oxidized low-density lipoproteins.	antibodies reactive with phosphorylcholine (pc) are ubiquitous in human sera, but the antigens stimulating their production and their function are not clear. previous studies have shown that a significant proportion of dental plaque bacteria contain pc as determined by reactivity with pc-specific mouse myeloma proteins and monoclonal antibodies. additionally, serum antibody concentrations of immunoglobulin (igg) g anti-pc are higher in sera of individuals who have experienced periodontal attachm ...	2001	11598029
haemophilus aphrophilus bleb infection after a mitomycin trabeculectomy.	haemophilus aphrophilus is a rare cause of ocular infection. it has been reported once as a cause of late-onset endophthalmitis in a patient with an inadvertent bleb after cataract surgery. we present a case of haemophilus aphrophilus bleb infection after a mitomycin trabeculectomy.	1995	11980080
haemophilus aphrophilus endocarditis after tongue piercing.	piercing invades subcutaneous areas and has a high potential for infectious complications. the number of case reports of endocarditis associated with piercing is increasing. we studied a 25-year-old man with a pierced tongue, who arrived at memorial health university medical center with fever, chills, rigors, and shortness of breath of 6 days' duration and had an aortic valvuloplasty for correction of congenital aortic stenosis.	2002	12141972
images in clinical medicine. septic peripheral embolization from haemophilus aphrophilus endocarditis.		2002	12226152
biofilm dispersal of neisseria subflava and other phylogenetically diverse oral bacteria.	polystyrene petri dishes containing liquid medium were inoculated with single-cell suspensions of a fresh clinical isolate of neisseria subflava and were incubated under conditions of low vibration. n. subflava colonies grew firmly attached to the surface of the dish, while the broth remained clear. growing colonies released cells into the medium, resulting in the appearance of 10(2) to 10(4) small satellite colonies attached to the surface of the dish in an area adjacent to each mature colony a ...	2002	12324342
haemophilus aphrophilus brain abscess: a case report.	haemophilus aphrophilus infection is rare, and the organism is infrequently implicated in serious infection. we report a case of a 61-year-old patient who experienced left hemiparesis with dizziness. computed tomography of the brain demonstrated a lesion with ring enhancement in the right frontotemporal region. craniotomy was performed, abscess was drained, and h. aphrophilus was isolated. following the surgical procedure and further antibiotic treatment, the patient recovered completely.	2002	12380792
infective endocarditis due to haemophilus aphrophilus treated with levofloxacin.		2002	12505130
haemophilus paraphrophilus prosthetic valve endocarditis.	we report a case of prosthetic, aortic valve, infective endocarditis caused by haemophilus paraphrophilus. there are no other cases described in the available literature where this microorganism has caused prosthetic valve endocarditis and no other case reported involving only the aortic valve.	2003	12643871
actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and haemophilus aphrophilus in systemic and nonoral infections in finland.	the oral cavity is the ecological niche for actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and haemophilus aphrophilus, but occasionally they cause severe nonoral infections. in this study we present 20 systemic or nonoral infections due to a. actinomycetemcomitans and h. aphrophilus, comprising all isolates of these species forwarded to and stored in finnish reference laboratories during the years 1988-2000. the time from specimen collection to correct species identification was 9.3 days for a. actinomyc ...	2003	12969021
[bacterial endocarditis due to haemophilus aphrophilus].		1962	13996319
brain abscess due to haemophilus aphrophilus.		1964	14195761
infection with haemophilus aphrophilus: brain abscess.		1965	14271378
[bacteremia in 2 hospitals in rosario, argentina].	bacteremia is associated with high morbidity and mortality. nosocomial bacteremia is associated with an attributable mortality of 35%. in order to characterize the etiological agent of bacteremia cases during two time periods, 6605 patients were studied as follows: 1) from 1980 to 1982 (n = 2401) and 2) from 1988 to 2000 (n = 4204). a total of 596 cases of bacteremia were detected. the most frequent agents were staphylococcus aureus, negative coagulase (cns) staphylococcus, klebsiella pneumoniae ...	2003	14587380
[piercing and tattoos in patients with congenital heart disease -- is it a problem?].	piercing and tattooing enjoy widespread popularity in modern society. patients with congenital heart disease are at elevated risk for infective endocarditis. however, it is not yet known whether piercing and tattooing are dangerous for these patients.a search of the literature provided 10 published cases of infective endocarditis after piercing or tattooing. affected patients were adolescents or young adults ranging in age from 13 to 30 years (5 male, 5 female). four of the patients had a known ...	2004	15338148
[solitary abscessing osteomyelitis of the mandibular condyle. a rarity].	we report on a rare case of secondary chronic osteomyelitis of the left condyle. haemophilus aphrophilus could be isolated from the abscess material. the condyle was resected and reconstructed with an endoprosthesis in the same operation.	2005	15965774
[shoulder arthritis due to haemophilus aphrophilus].	we report a case of shoulder arthritis due to haemophilus aphrophilus. the patient, a 56 year-old woman, was immunocompetent. she presented with a septic arthritis of the left shoulder without portal of entry. a synovial fluid sample was cultured and positive for a gram-negative bacillus after 8 days. it was identified as haemophilus aphrophilus, in the haccek group, by pcr arn 16s. we did not find any associated endocarditis. the patient recovered. as far as we know, this is only the 5th report ...	2005	15982845
a case of haemophilus aphrophilus and mobiluncus mulieris hepatic abscess.		2005	16038743
clinical characteristics of invasive haemophilus aphrophilus infections.	haemophilus aphrophilus, an oral fastidious gram-negative commensal with low pathogenicity, is a member of the hacek group (h. aphrophilus, h. paraphrophilus, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, cardiobacterium hominis, eikenella corrodens, and kingella spp.), and a rare cause of human infections. we reviewed the characteristics of 8 cases of h. aphrophilus infections diagnosed in our hospital from 1990-2003, and an additional 20 cases identified from the medline database, from 1990 to 2003. t ...	2005	16118675
haemophilus aphrophilus brain abscess in the first decade.	this report presents a case of brain abscess due to haemophilus aphrophilus in a six-year old boy. he was admitted to our hospital suffering from left-sided weakness. the initial radiological diagnosis was an intracranial abscess. purulent material was obtained by puncturing the subcortical lesion and the sample was cultured on conventional media. h. aphrophilus was isolated in pure culture, identified according to conventional methods and confirmed by becton dickinson laboratory (bbl) crystal s ...	2005	16327124
cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis: two cases and a review of the literature.	cardiobacterium hominis, a member of the hacek group (haemophilus parainfluenzae, haemophilus aphrophilus, and haemophilus paraphrophilus, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, c. hominis, eikenella corrodens, and kingella species), is a rare cause of endocarditis. there are 61 reported cases of c. hominis infective endocarditis in the english-language literature, 15 of which involved prosthetic valve endocarditis. there is one reported case of c. hominis after upper endoscopy and none reported ...	2006	16955250
reclassification of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, haemophilus aphrophilus, haemophilus paraphrophilus and haemophilus segnis as aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans gen. nov., comb. nov., aggregatibacter aphrophilus comb. nov. and aggregatibacter segnis comb. nov., and emended description of aggregatibacter aphrophilus to include v factor-dependent and v factor-independent isolates.	the aim of this study was to reinvestigate the relationships and the generic affiliations of the species actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, haemophilus aphrophilus, haemophilus paraphrophilus and haemophilus segnis. the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase gene (nadv) conferring v factor-independent growth was identified in haemophilus aphrophilus. the gene encodes a polypeptide of 462 amino acids that shows 74.5 % amino acid sequence identity to the corresponding enzyme from actinobacillus ...	2006	16957111
the soda gene as a target for phylogenetic dissection of the genus haemophilus and accurate identification of human clinical isolates.	the genus haemophilus constitutes a heterogeneous group of pasteurellaceae species, and conventional identification of isolates other than haemophilus influenzae and haemophilus parainfluenzae is often challenging. here, simple colony-pcr and sequencing assays with the same pair of degenerate primers were used to characterize a 449- to 458-bp fragment (soda(int)) internal to the soda gene encoding the manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase in type strains of all 15 haemophilus species and acti ...	2006	17049306
[ventriculitis due to haemophilus aphrophilus in a 21 year old patient and right-left shunt].		2006	17067510
intraparotid lymphadenitis caused by haemophilus aphrophilus.		2007	17398343
haemophilus paraphrophilus, a rare cause of intracerebral abscess in children.	we report on a 3-year-old boy presenting with left-sided eyelid myocloni due to an intracranial abscess harboring haemophilus paraphrophilus. this is the first description of an intracranial infection with this pathogen in a child.	2008	17661080
brain abscess secondary to dental braces.	we report a case of haemophilus aphrophilus brain abscess presenting 6 weeks after application of dental braces in an adolescent patient with a formerly undetected patent foramen ovale. neither brain abscess nor invasive h. aphrophilus infection has previously been associated with dental braces. application or tightening of dental braces may cause bacteremia and invasive disease from oral commensals.	2008	18162951
infective endocarditis due to haemophilus aphrophilus: a case report.	to report the case of a child with infective endocarditis caused by haemophilus aphrophilus.	2008	18213436
an evaluation of extended incubation time with blind subculture of blood cultures in patients with suspected endocarditis.	in a small proportion of patients, bacterial endocarditis is due to organisms that grow slowly and may not be recovered in conventional blood cultures incubated for five days. this has led to recommendations for prolonged incubation and routine subculture of negative cultures.	2006	18418498
cervical spondylodiscitis with spinal epidural abscess caused by aggregatibacter aphrophilus.	spondylodiscitis caused by aggregatibacter aphrophilus, formerly known as haemophilus paraphrophilus, is an unusual condition and can be very difficult to diagnose. we report a case of cervical spondylodiscitis complicated by spinal epidural abscess in a 63-year-old woman, without underlying predisposing conditions. the source of infection was identified as a periodontal infection. the patient was successfully treated with systemic antibiotics.	2008	18436600
[endocarditis due to aggregatibacter (formerly: actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, a bacterium that grows in characteristic star-shaped colonies].	a 72-year-old man, having had an artificial valve for almost 20 years now, presented with tiredness that had persisted for several weeks and reported weight loss of 5 kg. in more recent days he experienced fever and cold shivers, and an associated dry cough. bearing in mind the potential for endocarditis, blood cultures were grown. in this, we identified a small, gram-negative rod with a small, smooth, raised colony that grew slowly. we considered a micro-organism from the 'hacek group', which i ...	2008	18491827
orbital cellulitis with abscess formation following surgical treatment of canaliculitis.	the authors report a case of orbital cellulitis with abscess formation that developed after surgical management of canaliculitis. the patient developed pain, erythema, proptosis, and limited eye movements 3 days after canalicular debridement. she required urgent drainage of an orbital abscess and was treated with intravenous antibiotics for 2 weeks. complications from surgical management of canaliculitis are unusual. clinicians should be aware of the rare but serious risk of spread of the infect ...	2008	18645442
epidural abscess caused by haemophilus aphrophilus misidentified as pasteurella species.	haemophilus aphrophilus is one of the normal oropharyngeal flora and rarely implicated as a pathogen of spinal infection. a case of h. aphrophilus bacteremia complicated with epidural abscess, psoas muscle abscess, and spondylodiscitis is described in this report. the pathogen was mis-identified as pasteurella spp. at the very start, and was confirmed by the molecular method. he was successfully treated with adequate antibiotics and surgery. the clinical features of sixteen previously reported c ...	2009	19443984
complete genome sequence of aggregatibacter (haemophilus) aphrophilus nj8700.	we report the finished and annotated genome sequence of aggregatibacter aphrophilus strain nj8700, a strain isolated from the oral flora of a healthy individual, and discuss characteristics that may affect its dual roles in human health and disease. this strain has a rough appearance, and its genome contains genes encoding a type vi secretion system and several factors that may participate in host colonization.	2009	19447908
liver and brain abscess caused by aggregatibacter paraphrophilus in association with a large patent foramen ovale: a case report.	abstract:	2010	20181252
aortic endograft infection: a report of 2 cases.	endograft infection has received less attention than other complication, so that little is known about the general features, risk factors, and treatment. the purpose of this short series is to examine our experience of infective complications after evar.	2010	20184969
cerebral abscess caused by aggregatibacter aphrophilus.	aggregatibacter aphrophilus was previously known as haemophilus aphrophilus and is a rare cause of disease in humans. a recent reclassification of these organisms has placed them in the new genus of aggregatibacter species. the organism seems to be a normal component of oral flora and has been reported to cause endocarditis, sinusitis, pneumonia, empyema, soft tissue abscess, meningitis, vertebral discitis, and septic arthritis. brain abscess due to aggregatibacter is rare. we report a case of c ...	2010	20677591
brain abscess due to haemophilus aphrophilus.		2010	20677596
pyogenic ventriculitis complicating aggregatibacter aphrophilus infective endocarditis: a case report and literature review.	pyogenic ventriculitis (pv) is an uncommon, but frequently fatal infection that results from inflammation of the ventricular ependymal lining associated with a purulent ventricular system. pv has been rarely reported as a secondary complication of infective endocarditis. prompt diagnosis and treatment with appropriate culture-directed antibiotics with adequate central nervous system penetration is crucial when managing patients who are suspected of having pv. the present study reports on a fatal ...	2009	20808450
haemophilus paraphrophilus peritonitis followed by tuberculous peritonitis and pott's disease.	patients with alcoholic cirrhosis who have ascites have a high risk of developing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp). the authors report a case of sbp caused by haemophilus paraphrophilus, the first-reported sbp in literature with this pathogen. later on, the patient also developed tuberculous (tb) peritonitis associated with thoracic pott's disease, a combination never reported before. the diagnoses were confirmed by positive mycobacterium cultures of both omental tissues and vertebral tis ...	2010	20861714
microbiota of deciduous endodontic infections analysed by mda and checkerboard dna-dna hybridization.	to evaluate the microbiota of endodontic infections in deciduous teeth by checkerboard dna-dna hybridization after uniform amplification of dna in samples by multiple displacement amplification (mda).	2010	21083570
identification of hacek clinical isolates by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry.	matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (maldi-tof) mass spectrometry is a rapid and accurate tool for the identification of many microorganisms. we assessed this technology for the identification of 103 haemophilus parainfluenzae, aggregatibacter aphrophilus, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, cardiobacterium hominis, eikenella corrodens, and kingella kingae (hacek) clinical isolates and 20 haemophilus influenzae clinical isolates. ninety-three percent of hacek organisms ...	2011	21227988
medical microbiology	the genus haemophilus includes a number of species that cause a wide variety of infections but share a common morphology and a requirement for blood-derived factors during growth that has given the genus its name. haemophilus influenzae, the major pathogen, can be separated into encapsulated or typable strains, of which there are seven types (a through f including e') based on the antigenic structure of the capsular polysaccharide, and unencapsulated or nontypable strains. type b h influenzae is ...	1996	21413340
isolation of aggregatibacter aphrophilus from a patient with acute appendicitis.	acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency. the etiology and pathophysiology of appendicitis have been well investigated. aggregatibacter aphrophilus is a fastidious gram-negative coccobacilli. detection of this organism in clinical samples and its differentiation from haemophilus aphrophilus or from aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in routine microbiology settings could be difficult.	2011	21780555
aggregatibacter aphrophilus in a patient with recurrent empyema: a case report.	abstract:	2011	21910872
Kingella kingae endocarditis: A rare case of mitral valve perforation.	Kingella kingae, a HACEK (Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Aggregatibacter aphrophilus, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, Kingella kingae) organism, is a common resident of the upper airway in children; it has been associated with endocarditis in children with pre-existing heart conditions. This case report describes K. kingae endocarditis leading to valvular damage in a previously healthy 18-month-old child. Our patient developed a K. kingae bactere ...	2011	21976892
sternoclavicular joint septic arthritis and osteomyelitis caused by aggregatibacter aphrophilus.		2014	22223671
aggregatibacter aphrophilus pyogenic liver abscess in an immunocompetent young woman.	aggregatibacter aphrophilus (formerly haemophilus aphrophilus/paraphrophilus) is a small gram-negative coccobacillus with fastidious growth requirements. it is a normal commensal of the human oropharynx and upper respiratory tract, and it can infrequently cause invasive human diseases, including bone and joint infections and subacute infective endocarditis. cases of liver abscess caused by aggregatibacter aphrophilus have been sparsely recorded in the english-language literature, but have not ye ...	2012	22622257
lumbar septic arthritis and psoas abscess due to aggregatibacter aphrophilus.	invasive infections due to aggregatibacter aphrophilus mainly include negative blood culture endocarditis and osteoarticular infections. the authors present herein a rare case of posterior septic arthritis related to a aphrophilus involving lumbar spine with contiguous abscesses of psoas and paravertebral muscles. the infection likely originated from oral cavity. a good outcome was observed after a prolonged and targeted antibiotherapy.	2011	22696632
haemophilus aphrophilus associated spleen abscess: an unusual presentation of subacute endocarditis.	the hacek group of bacteria (haemophilus spp., actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, cardiobacterium hominis, eikenella corrodens, kingella spp.), is uncommon pathogens of infective endocarditis, but can cause life-threatening events such as heart failure or formation of lethal emboli. here we report a 58-year-old asian man with a past history of congenital valvular heart disease who presented with sudden onset of left flank pain followed by fever with chills for 2 weeks. abdominal computed tomo ...	2012	22719808
[polymicrobial brain abscess in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (osler's disease)].	a 38-year-old woman who suffered from migraine was admitted because of severe, worsening headache for 24 hours (dissimilar to the previous migraine attacks), with impaired vision and weakness of the right arm. mild hemiparesis and expressive aphasia indicated an intracranial tumor.	2012	22875690
parotid gland abscess caused by haemophilus paraphrophilus: a case report.	human diseases caused by haemophilus paraphrophilus (h.paraphrophilus) are unusual. the following case report describes a 67-year-old man who presented with pain and swelling of the right side of the face. fine needle aspiration suggested a parotid gland abscess. microbiological studies identified h.paraphrophilus. this is the first time a parotid abscess has been found to be caused by this organism.	2012	23090740
aggregatibacter aphrophilus endocarditis: a case report.	we present a case of endocarditis with embolic stroke and digital infarction due to the recently renamed aggregatibacter aphrophilus. the isolation and identification of this organism can be problematic but was achieved in this case using both older phenotypic and newer genotypic methods. a benign tongue lesion is suggested as the likely portal of entry for this oropharyngeal organism. the patient made a good recovery with six weeks of intravenous ceftriaxone but will need cardiac valvular surge ...	2012	23138585
[a 22-year-old patient from ghana with fever and reduced cd4 t-cell count].	a 22-year-old patient from ghana without relevant co-morbidities was admitted twice with fever of unknown origin and reduced cd4 t-cell count. during the second hospital stay, after prolonged incubation of blood cultures and detection of vegetations on the mitral valve in a transesophageal echocardiogram, infectious endocarditis with aggregatibacter aphrophilus was diagnosed. treatment according to european guidelines resulted in resolution of the fever, dissolution of the mitral valve vegetatio ...	2013	23318543
delay in diagnosis of femoral hematogenous osteomyelitis in adults: an elusive disease with poor outcome.	hematogenous osteomyelitis of long bone is rare in adults, especially in the immune competent host. only a few cases have been described to date.	2013	23516768
hacek-induced endocarditis.	a 61-year-old patient with diabetes had a bio-prosthetic aortic valve replacement 3 years before admission. he complained of lethargy, night sweats, decreased appetite and erratic blood glucose with no weight loss. he had splinter haemorrhage and a systolic ejection murmur at the aortic area. chest and abdominal examination revealed no abnormality. the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and c reactive protein were raised. he had several sets of blood cultures and he was started on empirical vancomyc ...	2013	23682079
accurate identification of fastidious gram-negative rods: integration of both conventional phenotypic methods and 16s rrna gene analysis.	accurate identification of fastidious gram-negative rods (gnr) by conventional phenotypic characteristics is a challenge for diagnostic microbiology. the aim of this study was to evaluate the use of molecular methods, e.g., 16s rrna gene sequence analysis for identification of fastidious gnr in the clinical microbiology laboratory.	2013	23855986
infective endocarditis by aggregatibacter paraphrophilus: case report and literature review.	aggregatibacter paraphrophilus (former name, haemophilus paraphrophilus) is a normal inhabitant of the naso- and oropharynx and has been rarely reported as a cause of human infections. a case of infective endocarditis by this organism is being reported and literature of endocarditis cases caused by aggregatibacter paraphrophilus is being reviewed.	2013	24392406