Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| the e-test applied to susceptibility tests of gonococci, multiply-resistant enterococci, and enterobacteriaceae producing potent beta-lactamases. | the e-test (ab biodisk, solna, sweden), a new and novel approach developed to test antimicrobial susceptibility, was compared with the agar dilution method. a collection of 57 organisms, including those with known resistances to various antimicrobial agents was tested against 15 drugs using the national committee for clinical laboratory standard (nccls) methods. the e-test quantitative accuracy (+/- 2 log2 dilutions) compared with agar dilution results was 99% for neisseria gonorrhoeae, 95% for ... | 1992 | 1643825 |
| in-vitro evaluation of ampicillin/brobactam and comparison with other beta-lactam antibiotics. | the ability of brobactam to inhibit beta-lactamases and the in vitro activity of ampicillin combined with brobactam was compared with another beta-lactamase inhibitor, clavulanic acid, and other beta-lactam antibiotics. both inhibitors showed good and similar activity against staphylococcal penicillinase and most broad-spectrum beta-lactamases found in the enterobacteriaceae, whether plasmid or chromosomally mediated. both inhibitors were less active against chromosomally mediated cephalosporina ... | 1991 | 1646779 |
| presence of 5-methylcytosine in cc(a/t)gg sequences (dcm methylation) in dnas from different bacteria. | the presence of cc(a/t)gg sequences with methylated internal cytosine (dcm methylation) was determined in dna from different genera of eubacteria. this methylation was studied by using restriction enzymes ecorii and bstni, which cleave unmethylated or methylated cc(a/t)gg sequences. dcm methylation was only detected in genera of the family enterobacteriaceae closely related to escherichia: shigella, citrobacter, salmonella, and klebsiella. | 1991 | 1657894 |
| a large nontypical outbreak of norwalk virus. gastroenteritis associated with exposing celery to nonpotable water and with citrobacter freundii. | the us air force academy experienced a point-source outbreak of gastroenteritis originally believed to be caused by salmonella. the overall attack rate was 48% among approximately 3000 cadets and staff. food-specific attack rates implicated chicken salad. the odds ratio for chicken salad consumption in ill cadets was 10.7 (95% confidence interval: 8.2; 13.8). the celery component had been exposed to nonpotable water. citrobacter freundii were statistically associated with consumption of the susp ... | 1991 | 1660704 |
| molecular cloning of the viab region of salmonella typhi. | the viab region required for vi antigen production in salmonella typhi was cloned. the plasmid pgbm124 containing a 14-kb s. typhi chromosomal dna fragment conferred the ability to produce vi antigen on escherichia coli hb101 and viab-deleted s. typhi gifu10007-3. tn5 insertion analysis showed that the 14-kb dna was split into three regions. region 1 and region 2 are involved in the biosynthesis of vi polysaccharide. region 3 is involved in translocation of the vi polysaccharide to the cell surf ... | 1991 | 1664401 |
| in vitro activity and stability against novel beta-lactamases of investigational beta-lactams (cefepime, cefpirome, flomoxef, sce2787 and piperacillin plus tazobactam) in comparison with established compounds (cefotaxime, latamoxef and piperacillin). | the therapeutic perspectives of flomoxef, sce 2787, cefpirome, cefepime, latamoxef, cefotaxime and of piperacillin plus tazobactam were comparatively evaluated by their in vitro activity against 1119 clinical isolates of 83 bacterial species. escherichia coli, klebsiella spp. enterobacter sakazakii, proteus spp. and shigella spp. were about equally susceptible to the cephalosporins (mic90: 0.06 to 0.5 mg/l), while the mic90 for piperacillin plus tazobactam was between 2 and 16 mg/l. enterobacter ... | 1991 | 1664418 |
| [bacteremic pneumonia caused by citrobacter diversus: report of a case]. | a 61 year old male with a localized gastric cancer developed a post-operative pneumonia by c. diversus which was isolated from blood and from bronchoalveolar lavage. a satisfactory response was observed after treatment with penicillin and amikacin. a brief review of the literature concerning the clinical relevance of infections by this unusual agent is offered. | 1991 | 1668779 |
| [the etiological structure of acute intestinal infections]. | the share of various etiologic forms of acute intestinal infections, diagnosed by bacteriologic methods, is presented. the share of gastroenterocolitis induced by opportunistic microflora makes up 35.6%, that of dysentery 25.6%, salmonellosis 18.5%; mixed infection (dysentery + salmonellosis) is diagnosed in 7% of cases with acute intestinal infections. the principal representative of opportunistic microflora isolated from patients with acute intestinal infections is the klebsiella genus (40.6%) ... | 1990 | 1692367 |
| [standardization of the determination of the fimbriae (adhesins) of citrobacter]. | trials of guinea pig formalin-treated red cells have shown their stability for at least 3 years and fitness, equal to that of native cells, for the detection of citrobacter mannose-sensitive and resistant adhesins in hemagglutination and adhesion tests (red cell binding of bacteria). comparison of the results of bacterial binding and bacterial agglutination of red cells in tests on slides and in wells has shown that the use of fixed red cells accelerates agglutination and makes it more sensitive ... | 1990 | 1692369 |
| [obtaining, by means of a strain of citrobacter freundii, a serum specific agglutinant for salmonella of the subspecies i of group b, without the necessity for absorption]. | a strain of citrobacter freundii possessing the factors o:4,27 of salmonella, without factor o:12, may be used for preparation of a diagnostic serum for identification of strains of salmonella sub-species i belonging to o-group b, without absorption. | 1990 | 1701084 |
| saccharide-protein covalent conjugates: immunochemical characterization of citrobacter 036 core oligosaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugates. | core oligosaccharides (complete and incomplete) isolated from citrobacter 036 lipopolysaccharide were covalently conjugated with tetanus toxoid. serological examination of the citrobacter 036 core oligosaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugates showed that they are strong immunogens. the monospecific anti-conjugate sera prepared by immunization of rabbits, were used to study the antigenic relations between lipopolysaccharide core regions of 8 strains of citrobacter. immunoelectrophoresis, immunoblotti ... | 1991 | 1711874 |
| [the etiologic structure of acute intestinal infections caused by opportunistic microorganisms (irkutsk, 1984-1988)]. | the authors analyze the results of bacteriologic studies carried out in patients with intestinal infections at the laboratory of the sanitary epidemiologic center of the town of irkutsk over 1984-1988. the records of 24,490 case histories show infections induced by opportunistic microflora in 37 percent of cases. the most frequent etiologic agents were staphylococcus aureus and enterobacteriaceae, genera: proteus, enterobacter, citrobacter, klebsiella, hafnia. analysis of the incidence of acute ... | 1991 | 1715437 |
| evolution of the ferric enterobactin receptor in gram-negative bacteria. | using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of iron-deficient and replete cell envelopes, 59fe-siderophore uptake studies, and western immunoblots and cytofluorimetric analyses with monoclonal antibodies (mabs), we surveyed a panel of gram-negative bacteria to identify outer membrane proteins that are structurally related to the escherichia coli k-12 ferric enterobactin receptor, fepa. antibodies within the panel identified fepa epitopes that are conserved among the majority ... | 1991 | 1717434 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of the gene (cita) encoding a citrate carrier from salmonella typhimurium. | a cryptic citrate transport gene (cita) from salmonella typhimurium chromosome was cloned and its nucleotide sequence was determined. the cloned plasmid conferred citrate-utilizing ability on wild-type escherichia coli, which cannot grow on citrate as the sole source of carbon. the resultant e. coli transformant was able to transport citrate. a 1,302-base-pair open reading frame with a preceding ribosomal binding site was found in the cloned dna fragment. the 434-amino-acid protein that could be ... | 1991 | 1718953 |
| [the serologic diagnosis of group b salmonelloses]. | antibacterial sera activities towards citrobacter o22 and salmonella typhimurium were tested with o22, o1, o4, o5, o12 erythrocytic diagnostic agents. cross activities of o22, o1, o4, o5, o12, and hi antigens were tested with the same and hi erythrocytic diagnostic agents in the antibody neutralization test. the findings have confirmed the identity or very close relationship between the tested o antigens. screening for antigens of the excretions from patients with s. typhimurium and citrobacter ... | 1991 | 1724040 |
| microbiological evaluation of cefpodoxime proxetil. | cefpodoxime, the active de-esterified molecule of the orally absorbable cephalosporin cefpodoxime proxetil, inhibits streptococci, neisseria spp., and most enterobacteriaceae, with mic50 and/or mic90 values of less than or equal to 2 mg/l; with regard to the latter family of bacteria, the mic50 and/or mic90 values of cefpodoxime are consistently greater than or equal to 4 mg/l for only enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, and morganella morganii. the mic50 of cedpodox ... | 1991 | 1726210 |
| the current and future impact of antimicrobial resistance among nosocomial bacterial pathogens. | the selection of drug-resistant microorganisms has generally been associated with the widespread use of antimicrobial agents. the emergence of these antimicrobial resistance has an undesirable impact that often severely limits the use of these drugs that could have otherwise been identified as "drugs of first choice." among the most serious drug-resistance problems, the chromosomally mediated type -i beta-lactamase mechanism has become more common among the infecting gram-negative bacteria. type ... | 1992 | 1737440 |
| incidence of an aminoglycoside 6'-n-acetyltransferase, acc(6')-1b, in amikacin-resistant clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli, as determined by dna-dna hybridisation and immunoblotting. | seventy amikacin-resistant clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria belonging to nine genera were examined by immunoblotting and by dna-dna hybridisation for the presence of acc(6')1b enzyme, previously called aac(6')-4, or its encoding gene aaca1b. the organisms mostly had resistance profiles compatible with aac(6') production and were from south and north america, the far east and europe. polyclonal (rabbit) anti-aac(6')-1b antisera and an intragenic aaca1b (aaca4) probe derived from the mu ... | 1992 | 1740788 |
| long term epidemiological analysis of citrobacter diversus in a neonatal intensive care unit. | a prolonged outbreak of citrobacter diversus central nervous system infection among hospitalized term infants, peaking in 1979, ceased with establishment of nurse-patient cohorting. the outbreak was attributed to dissemination of an epidemic strain among infants in an antiquated neonatal intensive care unit. when c. diversus colonization recurred within the new neonatal intensive care unit in 1984, cohorting and bacteriologic surveillance were reinstituted. by utilizing biotypes, plasmid profile ... | 1992 | 1741205 |
| in vitro activity of ro 09-1428 compared to other cephalosporins. | the in vitro activity of ro 09-1428, a new catechol-type parenteral cephalosporin, was compared to that of ceftazidime, e-1040, cefpirome and cefepime against gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. ro 09-1428 inhibited group a streptococci at less than or equal to 0.12 micrograms/ml, and group b, c and g streptococci and streptococcus pneumoniae at 0.5 micrograms/ml, whereas for staphylococcus aureus ro 09-1428 had mics of 8-16 micrograms/ml similar to ceftazidime and e-1040. against pseudom ... | 1991 | 1748124 |
| in vitro activity of cefcanel versus other oral cephalosporins. | cefcanel is a new orally absorbed cephalosporin. its activity was compared with that of cefuroxime, cefaclor, cephalexin, and cefixime against gram-positive and negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. cefcanel had excellent activity against methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis, mic90 1 micrograms/ml, superior to the other oral cephalosporins. however, methicillin-resistant staphylococci were resistant, mic greater than or equal to 16 micrograms/ml. strept ... | 1991 | 1748125 |
| in vitro activity of the novel cephalosporin gr69153. | the in vitro activity of gr69153 was compared to that of ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, imipenem and gentamicin against a total of 702 recent clinical isolates. mics were determined by a standard agar dilution procedure and two inocula (10(4) and 10(8) cfu) were used throughout. gr69153 inhibited 90% of isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumonia and proteus mirabilis at less than or equal to 0.25 mg/l and 90% of isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa at less than or equal to 1 mg/l. citrobacter f ... | 1991 | 1748126 |
| in vitro characterization of intra-generic inhibition of growth in salmonella typhimurium. | the intra-generic inhibition of bacterial growth observed previously in vivo and in vitro with strains of salmonella, citrobacter and e. coli was studied in vitro using s. typhimurium strain f98. there was complete inhibition of multiplication of s. typhimurium when it was added to stationary-phase broth cultures of different salmonella serotypes, but only partial inhibition when added to broth cultures of e. coli. the degree of inhibition between different mutants of f98 was affected by the num ... | 1991 | 1748870 |
| evaluation of brl 42715, a beta-lactamase-inhibiting penem. | brl 42715 is a new penem which inhibits a wide range of plasmid as well as chromosomally mediated bacterial beta-lactamases. we used a total of 902 recent clinical isolates, consisting of 455 enterobacteriaceae, 247 staphylococci and 200 other gram-negative bacteria to evaluate its ability for potentiation of amoxycillin. mics for all the 104 strains of methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus were reduced from 8-greater than 32.0 to less than or equal to 0.06 micrograms/ml in the presence ... | 1991 | 1760938 |
| temporal and topological clustering of diverged residues among enterobacterial dihydrofolate reductases. | the complete nucleotide and encoded amino acid sequences were determined for the dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) from the bacteria enterobacter aerogenes and citrobacter freundii. these were compared with the closely related escherichia coli dhfr sequence. the ancestral dhfr sequence common to these three species was reconstructed. since that ancestor there have been seven, nine, and one amino acid replacements in e. coli, e. aerogenes, and c. freundii, respectively. in e. coli, five of its seven ... | 1991 | 1766362 |
| rapid isolation and presumptive diagnosis of uropathogens by using membrane filtration and differential media. | random urine samples from hospitalized patients (n = 550) and seeded sterile filtered urine samples (n = 730) were used to test a membrane filtration technique, qualture (future medical technologies international, inc., west palm beach, fla.), for the detection and identification of uropathogens. results for each sample were compared with those obtained by the calibrated loop (0.01 ml) method to demonstrate the sensitivity of the method as a screening tool and the specificity of the presumptive ... | 1991 | 1774240 |
| a new plate medium for rapid presumptive identification and differentiation of enterobacteriaceae. | a new selective differential agar medium for rapid presumptive identification of enterobacteriaceae from water and food samples is described (emx id agar). by a combination of fluorogenic and chromogenic substrates, the medium detects the presence of beta-d-glucuronidase, beta-d-galactosidase, beta-d-xylosidase, tryptophane deaminase and h2s; additionally, cytochrome-oxidase and indole production can be demonstrated. this medium provides an inexpensive means for simple and rapid presumptive iden ... | 1991 | 1777382 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequencing of the gene encoding the beta-lactamase from citrobacter diversus. | the gene coding for the class a beta-lactamase of citrobacter diversus has been cloned and sequenced. it contains the information for a 294-amino-acid precursor protein, including a 27-residue n-terminal signal peptide. the deduced sequence of the n-terminal portion of the mature protein is in excellent agreement with that determined by microsequencing of the protein and readily explains the pi differences observed between the naturally occurring forms i and ii of the enzyme. the sequence of the ... | 1991 | 1778425 |
| beta-lactamase expression and outer membrane protein changes in cefpirome-resistant and ceftazidime-resistant gram-negative bacteria. | twenty-five strains of enterobacteriaceae (five each of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, morganella morganii, and providencia stuartii) and five strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa were exposed to various concentrations of cefpirome or ceftazidime in agar. mutants with a greater than four-fold increase in the mic were examined for changes in beta-lactamase expression and outer membrane protein (omp) profile. both agents selected mutants with decreased susceptibility ... | 1991 | 1778852 |
| in-vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of sr 44337, a new long acting cephalosporin. | the in-vitro activity of sr 44337 was compared with that of other broad-spectrum parenteral cephalosporins, plus imipenem and co-amoxiclav. sr 44337 showed good activity against the enterobacteriaceae, with mic90s of less than 0.5 mg/l against all species tested, with the exception of citrobacter spp. (mic90 2 mg/l) and serratia spp. (mic90 4 mg/l). of the agents tested, only ceftriaxone showed consistently greater activity against this family of organisms. sr 44337 had higher activity than ceft ... | 1991 | 1778854 |
| selection and characterization of cefepime-resistant gram-negative bacteria. | the nctc type strains and four clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, morganella morganii, providencia stuartii and pseudomonas aeruginosa were exposed, in agar, to cefepime at 3, 5, and 10 x mic and a breakpoint concentration of 16 mg/l. mutants were selected at a frequency of approximately 10(-8) that had decreased susceptibility to cefepime and cefpirome, and species-dependent resistance to other beta-lactams. any putative mutant with a greater t ... | 1991 | 1778870 |
| xylose-lysine-tergitol 4: an improved selective agar medium for the isolation of salmonella. | a study was conducted to evaluate a new selective plating medium for isolating salmonella using pure bacterial cultures, and poultry environmental specimens containing high numbers of competing enteric bacteria. xylose-lysine-tergitol 4 (xlt4) agar was found to strongly inhibit proteus, pseudomonas, providencia, and many other nonsalmonellae and to provide good differentiation between salmonella and citrobacter. the xlt4 medium significantly improved salmonella isolation from chicken farm enviro ... | 1991 | 1784564 |
| [biochemical properties of avian citrobacter amalonaticus strains]. | a report is given on the biochemical properties of c. amalonaticus-strains of avian origin. some strains show decisive deviations of the "norm", usually established from mammalian strains and details are given in a table. the results are discussed and the strains considered to be avian specific. | 1991 | 1786041 |
| [quantitation of acinetobacter calcoaceticus in mixed bacterial cultures by an enzyme immunoassay]. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using polyclonal antibodies from rabbits has been developed for quantification of acinetobacter calcoaceticus. bacteria were added to the wells of a microtiter plate coated with anti-acinetobacter immunoglobulin. for detecting bound cells the peroxidase-labelled immunoglobulin fraction was used. over a distinct range there is a linear correlation between bound bacteria and measured absorbance allowing a quantification of bacteria in an order from 10(7) to 10( ... | 1991 | 1793089 |
| in vitro activity of a new cephalosporin me-1206 compared with other agents. | the in vitro activity of me-1206, a new aminothiazolyl cephalosporin that can be orally absorbed when converted to an ester, was compared with that of other beta-lactams. me-1206 inhibited 50% of the enterobacteriaceae at 2 micrograms/ml, similar to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and cefixime. it did not inhibit, mic greater than or equal to 32 micrograms/ml, enterobacter species or citrobacter freundii resistant to cefotaxime and ceftazidime, and it was less active than cefotaxime and ceftazidime aga ... | 1991 | 1797456 |
| in vitro activity evaluations of cefdinir (fk482, ci-983, and pd134393). a novel orally administered cephalosporin. | cefdinir, a so-called third-generation oral cephalosporin was tested in vitro against over 700 pathogens from patients with bacteremia. cefdinir was very active against the enterobacteriaceae with a 50% minimum inhibitory concentration (mic50) value range of less than or equal to 0.03-8 micrograms/ml. the enteric species having the highest mic90s (greater than or equal to 16 micrograms/ml) were citrobacter freundii, and the enterobacters, morganella morganii, proteus vulgaris, and serratia marce ... | 1991 | 1797457 |
| oral ofloxacin therapy of infections due to multiply-resistant bacteria. | we determined the efficacy and safety of orally administered ofloxacin, 400 mg twice daily, in the treatment of infections due to multiply-resistant bacteria. patients (n = 99) were treated for 84 infections in 82 patients evaluable for efficacy with a bacteriologic response of 71%. organisms treated included pseudomonas aeruginosa (39), staphylococcus aureus (11), serratia marcescens (9), enterobacter species (7), five each of escherichia coli, citrobacter, salmonella, klebsiella, and other org ... | 1991 | 1797458 |
| [susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents, 1989. a study mainly focused on imipenem. the research group for testing imipenem susceptibilities of clinical isolates]. | we investigated susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to imipenem (ipm) and other antimicrobial agents at hospital laboratories throughout japan from september to december of 1989. the susceptibility testing was carried out according to the 1-dilution or 3-dilution disc technique in which susceptibilities are classified into 4 grades: (+++), (++), (+) and (-). ipm showed markedly high in vitro activities against streptococcus pneumoniae, neisseria gonorrhoeae, moraxella catarrhalis, es ... | 1991 | 1798067 |
| antibacterial activity of cefpodoxime in comparison with cefixime, cefdinir, cefetamet, ceftibuten, loracarbef, cefprozil, bay 3522, cefuroxime, cefaclor and cefadroxil. | the new oral cephalosporins cefpodoxime, cefixime, cefdinir, cefetamet and ceftibuten demonstrate enhanced activity against enterobacteriaceae susceptible to the established compounds as well (e.g. cefuroxime, cefaclor, cefadroxil). in addition, cefpodoxime, cefixime, cefdinir, cefetamet and ceftibuten include in their spectrum species hitherto resistant to oral cephalosporins (proteus vulgaris, providencia spp., yersinia enterocolitica). besides, the majority of these compounds demonstrate rele ... | 1991 | 1800377 |
| in vitro activity of cefpodoxime and ten other cephalosporins against gram-positive cocci, enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa, including beta-lactamase producers. | cefpodoxime, the deesterified part of the orally available cefpodoxime proxetil, is active against most enterobacteriaceae with mic50 of 0.06 to 2 mg/l. only enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii strains show mic50 of 4 mg/l. coagulase negative staphylococci have a mic50 of 2, while staphylococcus aureus strains have a mic of 4 mg/l. in comparison to other orally available cephalosporins cefpodoxime is slightly less active than cefixime and cefotiam against gram-negative bacteria but mor ... | 1991 | 1800378 |
| cefpodoxime: comparative antibacterial activity, influence of growth conditions, and bactericidal activity. | the antimicrobial activity of cefpodoxime, the active metabolite of the new cephalosporin ester cefpodoxime proxetil, in comparison to cefixime, cefotiam, cefuroxime, and cefotaxime was determined against a broad spectrum of freshly isolated gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains. cefpodoxime was demonstrated to be inhibitory at concentrations of less than or equal to 1 mg/l against 90% of strains of moraxella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, escherichia coli (beta-lactamase- nega ... | 1991 | 1800379 |
| induction of a class i beta-lactamase from citrobacter freundii in escherichia coli requires active ftsz but not ftsa or ftsq products. | a possible connection between septation/division and induction of cloned ampc beta-lactamase was investigated. when a ftsz84(ts) mutant of escherichia coli carrying ampr-ampc from citrobacter freundii was grown at the restrictive temperature (42 degrees c), induction of beta-lactamase by cefoxitin was inhibited by about 80%. inhibition was virtually complete when a ftsz84(ts) mutant of different genetic background was tested. although somewhat delayed, the induction of beta-lactamase in transfor ... | 1991 | 1804009 |
| in vitro and in vivo activity of carbamate-linked dual-action antibacterial ro 24-4383. | ro 24-4383 contains desacetylcefotaxime linked by a carbamate bond at the 3' position to ciprofloxacin. ro 24-4383 was active against 99% of the 363 gram-positive and gram-negative aerobes tested in vitro, while the comparative agents cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin were active against 77 and 97%, respectively. the activities (ed50: mg/kg s.c.) of ro 24-4383, cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin in systemic murine infections were: escherichia coli 257, 1.4, less than 0.5, less than 0.2; klebsiella pneumoni ... | 1991 | 1804592 |
| what is the diagnostic value of beta-d-glucuronidase (bdg) activity of bacteria using fluorocult ecd agar for their cultivation? | a total of 1510 strains from 15 genera of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria were studied. more than 94% of 327 escherichia coli strains showed beta-d-glucuronidase (bdg) activity. seventeen serotypes from 170 e. coli o serogroup representatives were negative. relationship between the existence of bdg positive and negative e. coli strains in the same serogroup or serotype has not been observed. the rate of bdg positivity was 42% among salmonella arizonae strains and 42.2% among shigella st ... | 1991 | 1805501 |
| neonatal meningitis and bilateral cerebellar abscesses due to citrobacter freundii. | we report bilateral cerebellar abscesses in a neonate with citrobacter freundii meningitis. the mortality and morbidity of citrobacter abscess is high. rapidly developing drug resistance may play a role as illustrated by our case. | 1991 | 1811708 |
| [microbial colonization and succession in the large intestine of newborn infants during their stay with mothers at the maternity hospital]. | formation of microflora in the large intestine of 5-day old infants was studied in one of the moscow maternity homes. the up-to-date procedures for isolation and identification of aerobic and anaerobic organisms were used in the study and the findings were processed on a computer. in the newborns of the maternity home of the "mother-infant" type there was observed colonization of the large intestine with aerobic and anaerobic organisms. a wave-like dynamics in the formation of the symbiotic micr ... | 1991 | 1814270 |
| bacteriology of community acquired urinary tract infection. analysis of 1048 cases. | urine samples from 1048 cases clinically suspected to have urinary tract infection were examined for bacteriological culture and antibiotic sensitivity. of 1048 cultures, 530 (50.5%) were sterile, 163 (15.5%) showed the presence of nonpathogenic bacteria and 11 (1%) revealed nonsignificant bacteriuria with escherichia coli. significant bacteriuria (more than 10(5)/ml) was found in the remaining 344 (32.8%) cases. escherichia coli was the predominant pathogen isolated from 170 (16.2%) samples; kl ... | 1991 | 1814873 |
| [virological and bacteriological study of materno-fetal infections in brazzaville]. | serological study of serum samples taken from pregnant women and umbilical cord and bacteriological study of vaginal secretions samples and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) showed in mothers: t. pallidum antibody (tp ab) 9%, rubella virus antibody (ru ab) 85%; hbs ag 16%, hiv antibody (hiv ab) 4%. microbe culture showed: s. aureus 18%, streptococcus sp. 9%, e. coli 4.9%, klebsiella 3.6%, citrobacter 3.6%, candida albicans 15%; direct immunofluorescence: chlamydia 26%. in infants: igg umbilical cord: tp ... | 1991 | 1819414 |
| beta-lactamase induction antagonizes beta-lactam susceptibilities in citrobacter diversus and enterobacter cloacae clinical isolates. | inducible beta-lactamases were obtained after exposure to several beta-lactams in clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter diversus. enzyme production was related to the inducer and medium composition. beta-lactamase is able to inactivate only labile compounds, thus generating minimum inhibitory concentrations higher than in the absence of the inducer; imipenem susceptibilities usually were not changed. | 1991 | 1819615 |
| [the detection of pathogenic properties in soil nitrogen-fixing enterobacteria]. | two klebsiella planticola nitrogen-binding soil strains have been found capable, when introduced intraperitoneally into white mice, of killing the animals, the ld50 of the strains being 8.8 +/- 0.1 and 9.0 +/- 0.2. in two k. pneumoniae strains isolated from internal organs of sick agricultural animals the presence of nitrogen-binding activity has been established. | 1991 | 1838655 |
| natural transfer of conjugative transposon tn916 between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. | the conjugative streptococcal transposon tn916 was found to transfer naturally between a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative eubacteria. enterococcus faecalis hosting the transposon could serve as a donor for alcaligenes eutrophus, citrobacter freundii, and escherichia coli at frequencies of 10(-6) to 10(-8). no transfer was observed with several phototrophic species. mating of an e. coli strain carrying tn916 yielded transconjugants with bacillus subtilis, clostridium acetobutylicum, ent ... | 1991 | 1846142 |
| [pediatric bacteremia strains grow in blood culture media]. | bacteremia strains may influence the clinical therapy, the isolation of bacteremia strains is important for patients. in order to understand the distribution and the growth in the blood culture media of bacteremia strains, from january 1982 through december 1988 we studied the blood culture sent to us from the pediatric ward. these were three hundred and forty one bacterial strains (3.1%) isolated from patients. in the meantime we also studied the bacteremia strains growth in the blood culture m ... | 1991 | 1848461 |
| phosphatase production by a citrobacter sp. growing in batch cultures retarded by anaerobic or osmotic stress, and the effect of the osmoprotectant glycine betaine. | the effect of 500 mm nacl on the growth, and phosphatase production of a citrobacter sp. was investigated. although growth was retarded, phosphatase production was enhanced by 50%. relief from osmotic stress using the osmoprotectant glycine betaine gave normal growth, but phosphatase activity was reduced. the citrobacter sp. ceased to grow following a shift to anaerobic conditions, but anaerobically-incubated cells continued to produce phosphatase after a transient lag. | 1991 | 1851712 |
| in vitro evaluation of gr69153, a novel catechol-substituted cephalosporin. | gr69153 is a c-7 catechol cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of activity against members of the family enterobacteriaceae (mics for 50% of strains tested [mic50s], 0.008 to 0.5 micrograms/ml), staphylococcus aureus (mic50, 4 micrograms/ml), pseudomonas aeruginosa (mic50, 0.25 micrograms/ml), haemophilus influenzae (mic50, 0.03 micrograms/ml), neisseria gonorrhoeae (mic50, 0.03 micrograms/ml), and acinetobacter spp. (mic50, 2 micrograms/ml). potent gr69153 activity was also demonstrated against ... | 1991 | 1854174 |
| modulation of the intestinal flora of mice by parenteral treatment with broad-spectrum cephalosporins. | a study was performed to determine the effect of parenteral treatment with four broad-spectrum cephalosporins (cefoperazone, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and cefepime) on the number of aerobic gram-negative rods and on the outgrowth of candida albicans and a multiresistant strain of citrobacter freundii in the feces of mice. the estimated fractions of a parenteral dose that were excreted into the gastrointestinal tract were 0.37 for cefoperazone, 0.11 for ceftriaxone, 0.03 for ceftazidime, and 0.00 ... | 1991 | 1854180 |
| concomitant dissemination of three extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among different enterobacteriaceae isolated in a french hospital. | from january 1988 to august 1989, 267 non-repetitive strains of enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbla) derived from tem (ctx-1/tem-3, caz-6) or shv (caz-5) were isolated from 219 colonized or infected patients. esblas were characterized by analytical isoelectric focusing. biotypes, resistance phenotypes and plasmid patterns were determined in order to differentiate the isolates in each species. among the 116 ctx-1-producing enterobacteriaceae, 48 strains were diff ... | 1991 | 1856124 |
| intestinal colonization with enterobacteriaceae in pakistani and swedish hospital-delivered infants. | rectal cultures from swedish and pakistani hospital-delivered newborn infants were analysed regarding the early acquisition of enterobacteria. swedish infants were delivered vaginally, pakistani infants were delivered either vaginally or by caesarean section. the swedish infants were all breast-fed, whereas breastfeeding was incomplete and often started late among the pakistani infants. both groups of pakistani infants were more rapidly colonized with enterobacteria than were the swedish infants ... | 1991 | 1867075 |
| in vitro activity of an oxycephem ocp 9-176 compared with its sulfur analog and other beta-lactams. | ocp 9-176 is an oxycephem antibiotic that contains a 2-aminothiazolyl, carboxypropyl side chain at c-7 and a pyridinium thiomethyl group at c-3. ocp 9-176 was generally twofold less active than its sulfur-containing analog me 1228 against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella oxytoca, providencia stuartii, proteus vulgaris, and serratia marcescens. activity against enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii was equivalent. ocp 9-176 was twofold less active than me-1228 against p ... | 1991 | 1873972 |
| antigen sharing of salmonella typhi non-flagellar proteins with other salmonellae and some shigellae and escherichia coli. | cathodal moving protein components were identified in agarose gel electrophoresis of the veronal buffer extract of a non-motile strain of s. typhi (8393, colindale). rabbit antiserum was raised against these cationic proteins; it had both agglutinating and precipitating activity. a total of 80 salmonella strains belonging to serogroups a, b, c1, c2, d, e1 and e2 including 26 s. typhi and 10 s. paratyphi a were tested against this antiserum in a slide agglutination test; all strains were agglutin ... | 1991 | 1874550 |
| antimicrobial contact activity of econazole sulfosalicylate. | the aim of this investigation was to compare the contact action of econazole sulfosalicylate (e-ssa) on mycetes (candida albicans, cryptococcus neoformans, aspergillus fumigatus, trichophyton rubrum, t. cutaneum, pityrosporum sp.), gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecalis) and gram-negative bacteria (escherichia coli, citrobacter freundii) with that exerted by econazole nitrate (e-nit). the results show e-ssa activity greater than e-nit (in particular against mycetes ... | 1991 | 1875229 |
| some molecular properties of citrobacter diversus beta-lactamases. | citrobacter diversus ula-27, a clinical isolate showing a broad resistance pattern towards both penicillins and cephalosporins, produces chromosome encoded beta-lactamases. however, the strain remains susceptible to some cephamycins, imipenem, ceftazidime and tetracyclines. crude bacterial extracts analyzed by isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gels, revealed the presence of two main isoforms and some "satellite" bands focusing in the ph range 5.7-7.2. the isoform showing the pis 6.8 and 6.2 ... | 1991 | 1875237 |
| n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase, etiologic agent, and duration of clinical signs for sequential episodes of chronic clinical mastitis in dairy cows. | this study examined effects of repeated episodes of clinical mastitis in chronically infected quarters on milk n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase activity and duration of clinical signs. milk samples were collected at each clinical onset from 49 chronic mastitis cases on a 1700-cow michigan dairy farm. there were 49 first episodes of clinical mastitis, 49 second episodes, and 13 episodes of third or more. agents isolated were staphylococcus aureus (18.4%), staphylococcus (7.3%), no growth (20.2%), ... | 1991 | 1880262 |
| bacterial isolates and drug susceptibility tests at kaffa regional public health laboratory, south west ethiopia. | a two year period bacteriological data was analysed and the frequent bacterial isolates from different clinical specimens included: s. aureus, 25% e. coli, 15%; proteus spp 14%; citrobacter-enterobacter group, 10% coagulase negative staphylococcus species, 9%; and other miscellaneous bacteria each less than 9%. the majority of the bacterial isolates were resistant to commonly available antimicrobial agents like tetracycline, ampicillin, and chloramphenicol. | 1991 | 1880409 |
| [clinical evaluation of cefpirome in children]. | cefpirome (cpr, hr 810) was clinically evaluated for its efficacy and safety in 11 patients with ages from 4 months to 11 years with bacterial infection. the results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. cpr was administered to 6 patients with bronchopneumonia, a patient with pneumonia, a patient with tonsillitis, 2 patients with acute pharyngitis and a patient with suppurative parotitis at daily dosage levels ranging 55.5-91.7 mg/kg, divided into 3 using intravenous bolus injection or 30 minut ... | 1991 | 1880923 |
| [combined antibacterial activity of aztreonam and clindamycin against clinically isolated strains]. | it has been reported in some studies that the combination of aztreonam (azt) and clindamycin (cldm) have high clinical effectiveness in the treatment of intractable infections. we, therefore, studied combined in vitro antibacterial activity of these 2 compounds using many freshly isolated strains. 1. azt and cldm in combination had synergistic effects on staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, and haemophilus influenzae, which are sensitive or quasi-sensitive ... | 1991 | 1880932 |
| trabulsiella guamensis, a new genus and species of the family enterobacteriaceae that resembles salmonella subgroups 4 and 5. | in 1985 the vernacular name enteric group 90 was coined for a small group of strains that had been referred to our laboratory as probable strains of salmonella but did not agglutinate in salmonella typing antisera. by dna-dna hybridization (hydroxyapatite method, 32p), seven strains of enteric group 90 were found to be closely related (98 to 100% at 60 degrees c and 94 to 100% at 75 degrees c) to the first strain received (0370-85). the relatedness of enteric group 90 to 62 strains of other spec ... | 1991 | 1885744 |
| bactericidal effect of 15-deoxyspergualin on staphylococcus aureus. | 15-deoxyspergualin (dsg), an immunosuppressive agent used in organ transplantation, exerts metabolic and antiproliferative effects on methicillin- and gentamicin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and other bacteria (e.g. sarcina lutea, bacillus subtilis, shigella sonnei, salmonella typhi and citrobacter freundii). dsg, at the concentration of 20 mg/l, depleted intracellular putrescine and spermidine in s. aureus to 43 and 40% of the controls, respectively. in these polyamine-depleted s. aureus cel ... | 1991 | 1889307 |
| combination effect of sce-2787 and cefepime with aminoglycosides on nosocomial gram-negative bacteria. | the in vitro activity of cefepime and sce-2787, two new parenteral cephalosporins, and the combination effect with tobramycin and gentamicin against nosocomial gram-negative rods was studied using checkerboard agar dilution technique. cefepime showed excellent in-vitro activity against klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens and proteus vulgaris (mic90 0.03-0.125 mg/l) and good to moderate activity against acinetobacter anitratus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas c ... | 1991 | 1889877 |
| post-sclerotherapy bacterial peritonitis. | endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy has been associated with a number of complications. peritonitis after sclerotherapy has rarely been reported. in this retrospective review of 213 consecutive sclerotherapy procedures among 65 patients over a 3-yr period, we found that six cases of peritonitis occurred, for an incidence of approximately 3%. all patients developing post-sclerotherapy peritonitis had low ascitic fluid protein. however, this did not differ from patients who did not develop peritonit ... | 1991 | 1901442 |
| activity of antiseptics against biofilms of mixed bacterial species growing on silicone surfaces. | as part of a programme to establish the relative merits of antiseptics that are used as bladder instillations to control urinary tract infections in patients with indwelling catheters, the activity of five such formulations were tested against dense (10(9) cfu/cm2) mixed biofilms composed of citrobacter diversus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterococcus faecalis growing on silicone discs. all three species were resistant to chlorhexidine (200 mg/l) and povidone-iodine (1% v/v) in the biofilm mode ... | 1991 | 1905626 |
| in vitro and in vivo evaluation of ro 09-1428, a new parenteral cephalosporin with high antipseudomonal activity. | ro 09-1428, a new parenteral cephalosporin with a catechol moiety attached at position 7 of the cephalosporin ring, showed high in vitro activity against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgaris, and streptococcus pyogenes, with mics for 90% of strains tested (mic90s) of less than or equal to 0.39 micrograms/ml. morganella morganii, providencia rettgeri, citrobacter freundii, haemophilus influenzae, staphylococcus aureus, and streptococcus pneumoniae were inhi ... | 1991 | 1906261 |
| activity of some antiseptics against urinary tract pathogens growing as biofilms on silicone surfaces. | the activity of chlorhexidine, mandelic acid and a mandelic/lactic mixture were tested against biofilms of four species of gram-negative nosocomial organisms that commonly infect the catheterized urinary tract. cells growing on silicone discs were exposed to concentrations of agents used in bladder instillation. citrobacter diversus biofilms proved to be sensitive to all three agents. pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus mirabilis and klebsiella pneumoniae all survived well in chlorhexidine but their ... | 1991 | 1908381 |
| activity of antiseptics against biofilms of mixed bacterial species growing on silicone surfaces. | as part of a programme to establish the relative merits of antiseptics that are used as bladder instillations to control urinary tract infections in patients with indwelling catheters, the activity of five such formulations were tested against dense (10(9) cfu/cm2) mixed biofilms composed of citrobacter diversus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterococcus faecalis growing on silicone discs. all three species were resistant to chlorhexidine (200 mg/l) and povidone-iodine (1% v/v) in the biofilm mode ... | 1991 | 1908382 |
| formaldehyde-resistance in enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa: identification of resistance genes by dna-hybridization. | a 4.1. kb large dna fragment of a e. coli plasmid pvu 3695, on which the genes for formaldehyde-resistance are located, was used as a dna probe to identify bacteria that carry this segment among formaldehyde-resistant bacteria. it was shown by southern blot-, dot blot-, and colony blot- hybridization studies that the dna of all formaldehyde-resistant e. coli, serratia marcescens, enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii and klebsiella pneumoniae strains tested hybridize with the dna probe from ... | 1991 | 1909132 |
| review of citrobacter bacteremia in cancer patients over a sixteen-year period. | a review was conducted of 65 episodes of citrobacter bacteremia in cancer patients during a 16-year period. cases of polymicrobial bacteremia were excluded from this analysis. the infection occurred most commonly in patients with acute leukemia. most patients acquired the infection in the hospital, and 57% had received antibiotic therapy during the preceding ten days. fever occurred in 98% of cases and shock in 17%. thirty-eight percent of patients had concomitant pneumonia. patients with shock, ... | 1991 | 1915382 |
| in vitro activity of cefpodoxime against bacterial isolates obtained from patients with cancer. | the in vitro activity of cefpodoxime, an oral cephalosporin ester, against 792 bacterial isolates representing 36 species was evaluated in comparison to that of ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (tmp/smx). cefpodoxime inhibited the majority of streptococcus spp., haemophilus influenzae and proteus mirabilis at a concentration of less than or equal to 0.12 microgram/ml. it was also active against citrobacter diversus, escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus vulgaris, serratia mar ... | 1991 | 1915401 |
| [clinical evaluation of imipenem/cilastatin sodium in the internal medicine]. | fifty-two patients with moderate or severe infections associated with internal medicine were treated with imipenem/cilastatin sodium (ipm/cs) and the efficacy and the safety of this drug were evaluated. there were 20 patients with pneumonia, 10 with acute exacerbation of chronic respiratory tract infections, 9 with sepsis, 2 with pyothorax, 3 with intraabdominal infection, 2 with urinary tract infection, 1 with pulmonary abscess, 1 with infective endocarditis, 4 with fever of unknown origin. for ... | 1991 | 1920813 |
| in vitro susceptibility testing procedures for fosfomycin tromethamine. | fosfomycin tromethamine (previously fosfomycin trometamol) is an orally administered fosfomycin which may be used for single-dose therapy of uncomplicated urinary tract infections. fosfomycin tromethamine, norfloxacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole inhibited greater than 90% of 352 bacterial isolates representing 25 different species; trimethoprim and nalidixic acid had narrower spectrums of activity. strains of escherichia, citrobacter, enterobacter, and klebsiella species were much more su ... | 1991 | 1929270 |
| influence of beta-lactamase inhibitors on the potency of their companion drug with organisms possessing class i enzymes. | the ability of beta-lactamase inhibitors to induce class i beta-lactamases in certain organisms in vitro suggests a potential for antagonism in vivo. therefore, a study was designed to assess the ability of sulbactam and clavulanate to induce beta-lactamases in two strains each of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, and pseudomonas aeruginosa both in vitro and in vivo. induction in vitro was observed only with s. marcescens and p. aeruginosa and generally only when i ... | 1991 | 1929291 |
| in vitro comparison of gr69153, a novel catechol-substituted cephalosporin, with ceftazidime and ceftriaxone against 5,203 recent clinical isolates. | the activity of gr69153, a novel catechol-substituted cephalosporin, was compared with those of ceftazidime and ceftriaxone in a multicenter study against 5,203 fresh clinical isolates of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. gr69153 was generally very active at concentrations equivalent to or two- to fourfold lower than those of ceftazidime and ceftriaxone against gram-negative bacilli other than citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae, and xanthomonas maltophilia. against pseudomonas ae ... | 1991 | 1929319 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity of me1207, a new oral cephalosporin. | me1207 is the prodrug of me1206. its in vitro antibacterial activity was compared with that of cefteram, cefpodoxime, cefixime, and cefaclor against various clinical isolates. me1206 was more active than the other cephems tested against staphylococci, streptococci, morganella morganii, pseudomonas cepacia, and flavobacterium meningosepticum and had the most potent activity against haemophilus influenzae and neiserria gonorrhoeae. the drug also showed a wide spectrum of activity against other gra ... | 1991 | 1929344 |
| purification and mutant analysis of citrobacter freundii ampr, the regulator for chromosomal ampc beta-lactamase. | ampr, the transcriptional regulator for the citrobacter freundii ampc beta-lactamase gene, was purified. the purified ampr had dna-binding activity, the same molecular mass (32 kda) on sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as previously described, and n-terminal sequencing of the first 15 amino acids was in agreement with that predicted from the nucleotide sequence. two mutants were isolated that abolish dna-binding and beta-lactamase induction and which map in the amino- an ... | 1991 | 1943705 |
| clinical implications of multi-drug resistance in the intensive care unit. | a prospective in vitro survey of gram-negative isolates obtained from patients hospitalized in intensive care units in 10 boston teaching hospitals was undertaken to document current susceptibility patterns and analyze patterns of cross-resistance. one thousand and five isolates were obtained, 18% were pseudomonas, 18% escherichia coli, 13% klebsiella, and 22% were in the enterobacter, citrobacter, serratia group. cross-resistance among beta-lactams and beta-lactamase inhibitors was common for s ... | 1991 | 1947823 |
| mechanisms of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. | the use of new beta-lactam antibiotics has led to selection of novel forms of resistance. newer-generation cephalosporins, ureidopenicillins and monobactams, but not carbapenems (e.g. imipenem), are labile to class i chromosomal beta-lactamases and tend to select mutants of e. cloacae and p. aeruginosa that constitutively synthesize high levels of these enzymes. selection occurs more rarely with serratia, citrobacter and indole positive protease. third-generation cephalosporins and monobactams, ... | 1991 | 1947825 |
| pharmacokinetic studies and renal dehydropeptidase stability of the new beta-lactamase inhibitor brl 42715 in animals. | brl 42715 is a novel, highly potent beta-lactamase inhibitor with good activity against a broad range of beta-lactamases, including the class i enzymes of enterobacter and citrobacter spp. (k. coleman, d.r.j. griffin, j.w.j. page, and p.a. upshon, antimicrob. agents chemother. 33:1580-1587, 1989). the pharmacokinetics of brl 42715 were studied following oral and parenteral administration in mice, rats, rabbits, beagle dogs, and cynomolgus monkeys. the elimination half-life (t1/2) of brl 42715 fo ... | 1991 | 1952842 |
| enterotoxin-producing bacteria isolated from swedish travellers with diarrhoea. | the isolation rate of bacterial enteropathogens of different species, particularly enterotoxin-producing gram-negative bacteria, was determined in stool specimens from swedish travellers with diarrhoea. overall, bacterial enteropathogens were identified in 101 (47%) of the 217 travellers on their return home. the most common isolates were enterotoxin-producing bacteria (20%), salmonellae (18%) and campylobacter (8%), whereas shigellae (3%) and yersinia (0.5%) were rarely identified. mixed infect ... | 1991 | 1957131 |
| characterization of fce 22101-resistant enterobacteriaceae and the effect of fce 22101 upon the activity of anti-pseudomonal beta-lactams for pseudomonas aeruginosa. | twenty-five strains of enterobacteriaceae (five each of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, morganella morganii, and providencia stuartii) were exposed to fce 22101 in agar containing 3, 5, or 10 x the mic. any putative mutant with a greater than or equal to four-fold increase in the mic was examined for beta-lactamase expression and outer membrane protein (omp) profile. mutant colonies were selected at a frequency of 10(-7)-10(-11) with decreased susceptibility to f ... | 1991 | 1960118 |
| [antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria isolated from patients at 6 hospitals in osaka]. | we examined mics of 6 oral new quinolones and 4 oral cephems against bacteria isolated from patients at 6 hospitals in osaka during the period from january to june in 1990, and the following results were obtained. 1. all species excluding streptococcus pyogenes were more sensitive with less frequencies of resistance to new quinolones than to cephems. in new quinolones, tosufloxacin (tflx) was the most active against gram-positive cocci and ciprofloxacin (cpfx) and tflx had the highest activities ... | 1991 | 1960855 |
| [antibacterial activities of ofloxacin against recent isolates from patients with community-acquired infections]. | in order to survey antibacterial activities of ofloxacin (oflx) against 1,440 bacterial strains isolated from patients with community-acquired infections in 1987 and 1990, minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of the drug as well as those of other new quinolones and oral cephems were determined. the following conclusions were reached. 1. comparison of the mic distribution for strains isolated in 1987 with those in 1990 suggested a tendency toward an increase in the frequency of oflx-resistant ... | 1991 | 1960856 |
| the influence of clinical use of antibiotics and the sensitivity of strains isolated from postoperative infections--a comparison of nosocomial pathogens with strains isolated from the bacterial flora of patients. | in the present study, we investigated how the recent clinical use of antibiotics have altered the antibiotic susceptibility of strains isolated from postoperative infections, especially gram-negative rods. for pseudomonas aeruginosa, serogroup e strains accounted for about 20 per cent of postoperative infections, but were unable to be isolated from either the feces of patients on admission or from the appendix contents of patients with appendicitis. it therefore appeared that serogroup e strains ... | 1991 | 1960895 |
| role of lysine-67 in the active site of class c beta-lactamase from citrobacter freundii gn346. | citrobacter freundii gn346 produces a class c beta-lactamase exhibiting the substrate profile of a typical cephalosporinase. the structural and promoter regions of the cephalosporinase gene, comprising 1408 nucleotides, were completely sequenced. the amino acid sequence of the mature enzyme, comprising 361 amino acids, and its molecular mass, 39,878 da, were determined. the active site was confirmed to be ser-64. the amino acid sequence of the enzyme differs from that of the cephalosporinase of ... | 1990 | 1969344 |
| substitution of aspartic acid-217 of citrobacter freundii cephalosporinase and properties of the mutant enzymes. | on the assumption that asp-217 of a citrobacter freundii cephalosporinase forms a salt-bridge with the conserved lys-67, asp-217 was changed to glutamic acid, threonine or lysine. the mutant enzymes retained about the same level of activity as that of the wild-type enzyme, and the participation of asp-217 in the salt-bridge was ruled out. however, the mutations resulted in an increase in hydrolytic activity toward oxyimino-cephalosporins such as cefuroxime, cefmenoxime and ceftazidime, suggestin ... | 1990 | 1972682 |
| synthesis and functioning of the colicin e1 lysis protein: comparison with the colicin a lysis protein. | the colicin e1 lysis protein, cela, was identified as a 3-kda protein in induced cells of escherichia coli k-12 carrying pcole1 by pulse-chase labeling with either [35s]cysteine or [3h]lysine. this 3-kda protein was acylated, as shown by [2-3h]glycerol labeling, and seemed to correspond to the mature cela protein. the rate of modification and processing of cela was different from that observed for cal, the colicin a lysis protein. in contrast to cal, no intermediate form was detected for cela, n ... | 1991 | 1987117 |
| serological cross-reaction between legionella pneumophila and citrobacter freundii in indirect immunofluorescence and rapid microagglutination tests. | we describe the first case in which a diagnostic rise in titers of antibody to formalinized legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 yolk sac antigen was shown to be caused by a cross-reaction between l. pneumophila and another organism, citrobacter freundii. | 1991 | 1993758 |
| production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody specific for enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli of serotypes o157:h7 and o26:h11. | a monoclonal antibody (mab 4e8c12) specific for escherichia coli o157:h7 and o26:h11 was produced by immunizing balb/c mice with a rough strain of e. coli o157:h7. the antibody reacted strongly by a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with each of 36 strains of e. coli o157:h7. no cross-reactivity was observed with strains of salmonella spp., yersinia enterocolitica, shigella dysenteriae, proteus spp., escherichia hermanii, klebsiella pneumoniae, campylobacter jejuni, serratia marcescens, c ... | 1991 | 1993773 |
| core region of citrobacter o23 lipopolysaccharide. structure elucidation by chemical methods, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and nmr spectroscopy at 500 mhz. | a novel enterobacterial core region in citrobacter o23 lipopolysaccharide is described. its structure was determined by methylation analysis/mass spectrometry, chemical degradation and one- and two-dimensional 1h-nmr spectroscopy: [formula; see text] where ppetn stands for diphosphorylethanolamine, and docla for 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid. | 1991 | 2001698 |
| pathophysiology of citrobacter diversus neonatal meningitis: comparative studies in an infant mouse model. | citrobacter diversus is a cause of devastating neonatal meningitis, with illness characterized by formation of multiple brain abscesses. we developed an infant mouse intracranial inoculation model to evaluate the pathophysiology of c. diversus neonatal infections. eighteen of 26 strains inoculated intracranially at a dose of ca. 3.3 x 10(3) cfu caused greater than 50% mortality in 2-day-old mice. no correlation was seen between the epidemiologic characteristics of a strain and its rate of mortal ... | 1991 | 2004815 |
| successful treatment of neonatal citrobacter freundii meningitis with ceftriaxone. | citrobacter meningitis is an uncommon enteric gram-negative infection that afflicts neonates and young children. approximately 30 percent of children treated or untreated die from the infection. we report a case of c. freundii meningitis that was resistant to ampicillin and was successfully treated with ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin. a 13-day-old, full-term baby was admitted to the hospital with a one-day history of fever up to 38.8 degrees c. on admission the infant had a temper ... | 1991 | 2008783 |
| antimicrobial effects of the combination of ceftibuten and an orally absorbed penem sch 29482. | ceftibuten is a new beta-lactamase-stable 3-aminothiazolyl cephalosporin that lacks activity against staphylococci and group-b streptococci. we determined the effect of the combination of ceftibuten with sch 29482, an orally absorbed penem. the combination of the two agents was additive for 25% or indifferent for 57% of the gram-positive species, haemophilus, and moraxella tested with a mean fractional inhibitory concentration (fic) index of 0.75. the combination of ceftibuten and sch 29482 was ... | 1991 | 2013213 |
| antibacterial activities in vitro and in vivo and pharmacokinetics of cefquinome (hr 111v), a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin. | cefquinome is a new injectable aminothiazolyl cephalosporin derivative. it is stable against chromosomally and plasmid-encoded beta-lactamases and has a broad antibacterial spectrum. staphylococcus aureus, streptococci, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and members of the family enterobacteriaceae (escherichia coli, salmonella spp., klebsiella spp., enterobacter spp., citrobacter spp., and serratia marcescens) are inhibited at low concentrations. cefquinome is also active against many strains of methicill ... | 1991 | 2014969 |