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pathogenicity and peramivir efficacy in immunocompromised murine models of influenza b virus infection.influenza b viruses are important human pathogens that remain inadequately studied, largely because available animal models are poorly defined. here, we developed an immunocompromised murine models for influenza b virus infection, which we subsequently used to study pathogenicity and to examine antiviral efficacy of the neuraminidase inhibitor peramivir. we studied three influenza b viruses that represent both the yamagata (b/massachusetts/2/2012 and b/phuket/3073/2013) and victoria (b/brisbane/ ...201728779075
retrospective use of next-generation sequencing reveals the presence of enteroviruses in acute influenza-like illness respiratory samples collected in south/south-east asia during 2010-2013.emerging and re-emerging respiratory pathogens represent an increasing threat to public health. etiological determination during outbreaks generally relies on clinical information, occasionally accompanied by traditional laboratory molecular or serological testing. often, this limited testing leads to inconclusive findings. the armed forces research institute of medical sciences (afrims) collected 12,865 nasopharyngeal specimens from acute influenza-like illness (ili) patients in five countries ...201728779659
immunogenicity and safety of influenza vaccination in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis on biological therapy using the microneutralization assay.seasonal influenza virus vaccination should be considered in all pediatric patients with rheumatic diseases. few studies have addressed influenza vaccination safety and efficacy in this group. we aim to prospectively evaluate immunogenicity and safety of the trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine including a/h1n1, a/h3n2 and b strains in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (jia) receiving biological therapy.201728784185
influenza vaccine effectiveness in the united states during the 2015-2016 season.the a(h1n1)pdm09 virus strain used in the live attenuated influenza vaccine was changed for the 2015-2016 influenza season because of its lack of effectiveness in young children in 2013-2014. the influenza vaccine effectiveness network evaluated the effect of this change as part of its estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness in 2015-2016.201728792867
benign acute childhood myositis during influenza b outbreak.benign acute childhood myositis (bacm) is a syndrome classically occurring in children during the convalescent phase from a febrile upper respiratory tract infection, most commonly after influenza b. bacm can cause difficulty walking due to severe calf pain. laboratory results show increased serum creatinine kinase and ast. although alarming, bacm is self-limiting with symptoms disappearing within a week. herein, we described a case series of bcam in children in two cities in poland during the i ...201728795360
seroprevalence of influenza a and b viruses among unvaccinated children in the united arab emirates: a cross-sectional study.young children are at increased risk of severe influenza disease and, thus, are good candidates for receiving annual vaccination. nevertheless, the influenza vaccine is infrequently given to children in our region. the primary objectives of this study are to monitor the serologic immunities against influenza a and b viruses, and provide pediatric data that support the need for influenza vaccination in the community.201728797306
2015/16 seasonal vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation with influenza a(h1n1)pdm09 and b among elderly people in europe: results from the i-move+ project.we conducted a multicentre test-negative case-control study in 27 hospitals of 11 european countries to measure 2015/16 influenza vaccine effectiveness (ive) against hospitalised influenza a(h1n1)pdm09 and b among people aged ≥ 65 years. patients swabbed within 7 days after onset of symptoms compatible with severe acute respiratory infection were included. information on demographics, vaccination and underlying conditions was collected. using logistic regression, we measured ive adjusted for pot ...201728797322
the hemagglutinin-esterase fusion glycoprotein is a primary determinant of the exceptional thermal and acid stability of influenza d virus.influenza d virus (idv) is unique among four types of influenza viruses in that it utilizes cattle as a primary reservoir. the thermal and acid stability of idv were examined and directly compared with those of influenza a virus (iav), influenza b virus (ibv), and influenza c virus (icv). the results of our experiments demonstrated that only idv had a high residual infectivity (~2.5 log units of 50% tissue culture infective dose [tcid50]/ml) after a 60-min exposure to 53°c in solution at a neutr ...201728808690
secondary organizing pneumonia following viral pneumonia caused by severe influenza b: a case report and literature reviews.some reported that organizing pneumonia (op) may occur after influenza a infections including swine-origin influenza a (h1n1). however, op associated with influenza b infection has never been reported. we report the first case of secondary op associated with viral pneumonia caused by influenza b.201728810835
multi-center evaluation of the cobas(®) liat(®) influenza a/b & rsv assay for rapid point of care diagnosis.point of care testing (poct) provides the capability for rapid laboratory test results in patient care environments where a traditional clinical laboratory is not available. pocts have shorter turn-around times (tats), they may be performed by non-laboratory personnel, and the need for transport time is eliminated. the food and drug administration (fda) recently granted clinical laboratory improvements amendment (clia) waiver status to the cobas(®) influenza a/b & rsv assay, a rapid, accurate po ...201728818691
broadly protective murine monoclonal antibodies against influenza b virus target highly conserved neuraminidase epitopes.a substantial proportion of influenza-related childhood deaths are due to infection with influenza b viruses, which co-circulate in the human population as two antigenically distinct lineages defined by the immunodominant receptor binding protein, haemagglutinin. while broadly cross-reactive, protective monoclonal antibodies against the haemagglutinin of influenza b viruses have been described, none targeting the neuraminidase, the second most abundant viral glycoprotein, have been reported. her ...201728827718
outbreaks of influenza b infection and pneumococcal pneumonia at a mental health facility in japan.japan has an aging population and an increasing number of patients who reside in long-term care and mental health facilities. both pneumococcal pneumonia and influenza b infection outbreaks have been observed in these populations, although no reports have described concurrent outbreaks of pneumococcal pneumonia and influenza b infection in these facilities.201728838778
prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices - united states, 2017-18 influenza season.this report updates the 2016-17 recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices (acip) regarding the use of seasonal influenza vaccines (mmwr recomm rep 2016;65[no. rr-5]). routine annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all persons aged ≥6 months who do not have contraindications. a licensed, recommended, and age-appropriate vaccine should be used.for the 2017-18 season, quadrivalent and trivalent influenza vaccines will be available. inactivated influenza vaccines ( ...201728841201
safety and immunogenicity of the novel seasonal preservative- and adjuvant-free influenza vaccine: blind, randomized and placebo-controlled trial.the producers of influenza vaccines are not capable today to meet the global demand for an influenza vaccine in case of pandemic, so the world health organization recommends to develop the own influenza vaccine production in each country. a domestic preservative- and adjuvant-free trivalent split vaccine against seasonal influenza was developed at the research institute for biological safety problems. the paper presents the results of assessing safety and immunogenicity of the influenza split va ...201728842994
a case of cardiogenic shock secondary to complement-mediated myopericarditis from influenza b infection.influenza b is a rare cause of myocarditis that is usually caused by histiocytic and mononuclear cellular infiltrates. we describe a 22-year-old female patient presenting with fulminant myopericarditis secondary to influenza b infection that deteriorated to cardiogenic shock. endomyocardial biopsy results yielded myocardial necrosis through complement-mediated cellular injury without evidence of interstitial infiltrates. the rare cause of this patient's disease, along with the unique pathologic ...201728844428
influenza vaccine effectiveness against medically attended influenza illness in beijing, china, 2014/15 season.influenza vaccination is the most effective way of preventing influenza infections but its coverage is extremely low in china. poor influenza vaccine effectiveness (ve) was reported in the 2014/15 season in some northern hemisphere countries with a predominance of h3n2 viruses belonging to the 3c.2a clade. however, there is limited information regarding the preventive effect of influenza vaccination for the same season in china, in which h3n2 viruses belonging to the 3c.3a clade predominated. th ...201728846480
a review of clinical influenza a and b infections with reduced susceptibility to both oseltamivir and zanamivir.anti-influenza drugs play major roles in the management of severe influenza infections. neuraminidase inhibitors (nais), which are active against all influenza a subtypes and the 2 major influenza b lineages, constitute the only class of antivirals recommended for the control of influenza epidemics and eventual pandemics. thus, the emergence of nai resistance could be a major clinical concern. although most currently circulating influenza a and b strains are susceptible to nais, clinical cases o ...201728852674
anti-influenza a viral butenolide from streptomyces sp. smu03 inhabiting the intestine of elephas maximus.actinobacteria are a phylum of bacteria known for their potential in producing structurally diversified natural products that are always associated with a broad range of biological activities. in this paper, using an h5n1 pseudo-typed virus drug screening system combined with a bioassay guided purification approach, an antiviral butanolide (1) was identified from the culture broth of streptomyces sp. smu03, a bacterium isolated from the feces of elephas maximus in yunnan province, china. this co ...201829976861
cross-protective efficacy of monovalent live influenza b vaccines against genetically different lineages of b/victoria and b/yamagata in ferrets.currently, two genetic lineages of influenza b virus, b/victoria and b/yamagata, are cocirculating in humans in various countries. this situation has raised a question regarding the possibility of cross-protection between b components of live attenuated influenza vaccine (laiv) belonging to different lineages. this study aimed to assess in naïve ferrets the potential protective activity of monovalent b-laivs against challenge with homologous and heterologous wild-type (wt) influenza b viruses.201830246028
[swine-spread severe influenza-associated pneumonia: a case report and literature review].we report and analyze the clinical data of the first case of severe pneumonia caused by influenza b virus from swine. the patient, a 62 year-old male domestic pig breeder, was admitted to hospital because of fever and muscle pain for 5 days, and anhelation for 3 days. one week before the onset of disease, the patient kept close contact with pigs. ct scan of the chest showed diffuse infiltration in both lungs. influenza b virus antigen detection (colloidal gold method) was repeatedly positive. th ...201830643075
mucosal immunity against neuraminidase prevents influenza b virus transmission in guinea pigs.despite efforts to control influenza virus infection and transmission, influenza viruses still cause significant morbidity and mortality in the global human population each year. most of the current vaccines target the immunodominant hemagglutinin surface glycoprotein of the virus. however, reduced severity of disease and viral shedding have also been linked to antibodies targeting the second viral surface glycoprotein, the neuraminidase. importantly, antineuraminidase immunity was shown to be r ...201931113896
the tree shrew is a promising model for the study of influenza b virus infection.influenza b virus is a main causative pathogen of annual influenza epidemics, however, research on influenza b virus in general lags behind that on influenza a viruses, one of the important reasons is studies on influenza b viruses in animal models are limited. here we investigated the tree shrew as a potential model for influenza b virus studies.201931174549
passaging of an influenza a(h1n1)pdm09 virus in a difluoro sialic acid inhibitor selects for a novel, but unfit i106m neuraminidase mutant.an influenza a(h1n1)pdm09 and an influenza b virus were passaged in 3-fluoro(eq)-4-guanidino difluoro sialic acid (3feq4gu dfsa), an inhibitor of the influenza neuraminidase (na) to determine whether resistant variants could be selected. 3feq4gu dfsa is a mechanism-based inhibitor, forming a covalent link to y406 in the na active site. given its similarity to the natural substrate, sialic acid, we predicted resistant variants would be difficult to select. yields of both viruses decreased with pa ...201931233807
cross-reactive and lineage-specific single domain antibodies against influenza b hemagglutinin.influenza b virus (ibv) circulates in the human population and causes considerable disease burden worldwide, each year. current ibv vaccines can struggle to mount an effective cross-reactive immune response, as strains become mismatched, due to constant antigenic changes. additional strategies which use monoclonal antibodies, with broad reactivity, are of considerable interest, both, as diagnostics and as immunotherapeutics. alternatives to conventional monoclonal antibodies, such as single doma ...201931544820
safety and immunogenicity of a novel quadrivalent subunit influenza vaccine in animal models.background: compared with trivalent influenza vaccines, quadrivalent influenza vaccines are expected to provide wider protection against influenza b virus infections. we developed a novel quadrivalent subunit influenza vaccine which was distinct from the influenza vaccines available on the market in production process. in this research, we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of the quadrivalent subunit influenza vaccine in animal models.methods: in toxicity assessment, 40 sd rats were random ...202032186950
quadrivalent cell culture influenza virus vaccine. comparison to egg-derived vaccine.influenza virus infections pose a serious public health problem and vaccination is the most effective public health intervention against them. the current manufacture of influenza vaccines in embryonated chicken eggs entails significant limitations. these limitations have been overcome by producing vaccines in cell culture, which allow a faster and more flexible response to potential pandemic threats. given the impact of influenza b virus on disease burden, the availability of quadrivalent vacci ...202032255723
antiviral properties of extracts of streptomyces sp. smu 03 isolated from the feces of elephas maximus.actinobacteria are historically and continued to be an important source for drug discovery. the annual epidemics and periodic pandemics of humans induced by influenza a virus (iav) prompted us to develop new effective antiviral drugs with different modes of action. an actinobacterium of streptomyces sp. smu 03 was identified from the feces of elephas maximus in yunnan province, china. by employing an h5n1 pseudo-typed virus drug screening system, the anti-iav effect of the dichloromethane extrac ...202032330578
divergent influenza-like viruses of amphibians and fish support an ancient evolutionary association.influenza viruses (family orthomyxoviridae) infect a variety of vertebrates, including birds, humans, and other mammals. recent metatranscriptomic studies have uncovered divergent influenza viruses in amphibians, fish and jawless vertebrates, suggesting that these viruses may be widely distributed. we sought to identify additional vertebrate influenza-like viruses through the analysis of publicly available rna sequencing data. accordingly, by data mining, we identified the complete coding segmen ...202032962015
selective usage of anp32 proteins by influenza b virus polymerase: implications in determination of host range.the influenza b virus (ibv) causes seasonal influenza and has accounted for an increasing proportion of influenza outbreaks. ibv mainly causes human infections and has not been found to spread in poultry. the replication mechanism and the determinants of interspecies transmission of ibv are largely unknown. in this study, we found that the host anp32 proteins are required for the function of the ibv polymerase. human anp32a/b strongly supports ibv replication, while anp32e has a limited role. un ...202033045004
pathogenicity and transmissibility assessment of two strains of human influenza virus isolated in china in 2018.influenza season occurs every year in china, but its presentation was unusual in the period from december 2017 to early 2018. during this period, influenza activity was increasing across the country and was much greater than during the same period in previous years, with great harm to people's health.202133472481
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