Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| gender-related differences in the spectrum of hiv disease in the bayamón area, puerto rico. | we compare prevalence (by actual presence or history of condition) rates of selected aids-defining conditions across genders in a sample of 1,498 hiv-infected participants who visited our health service facilities between mid 1992 and early 1996. the comparisons were performed globally (considering all subjects) and on a subsample of participants whose most probable mode of infection with hiv was through (self-reported) use of injecting drugs. global analysis revealed no significant differences ... | 1997 | 9449548 |
| psycho social and clinical spectrum of hiv/aids injecting drug users in bayamón, puerto rico. | to describe the demographic characteristics, the risk related practices, and the clinical and immunological features of puerto rican hiv injecting drug users (idu's). | 1997 | 9449549 |
| non-invasive diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1998 | 9449899 | |
| serological studies on porcine pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: kinetics of the antibody titers in swine herds and the association of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection. | serological titers to pneumocystis carinii (pc) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) were measured on a herd with epidemic pc pneumonia (case herd) and two comparison herds, by an indirect fluorescent-antibody technique. in the case herd, the geometric mean titer (gmt) for pc were 1:80 in pigs 1 week old, 1:10 in pigs 5 weeks old, and 1:80 to 1:190 in pigs over 6 weeks old. gmts for prrsv were > 1:145 in most of age groups over 7 weeks old. in comparison herds, pc and ... | 1997 | 9450249 |
| the needs of asians and pacific islanders living with hiv in new york city. | this article familiarizes the reader with aids among asians and pacific islanders (a&pis) in new york city. the first section describes the epidemiology of aids among a&pis in the united states and in new york city. in the united states 4,131 a&pis have been diagnosed with aids. the age at diagnosis in the united states has been relatively stable over the past decade, although the proportion of diagnoses represented by older a&pis (aged 40 to 49) has been increasing in new york city. the proport ... | 1997 | 9451477 |
| identification of a putative precursor to the major surface glycoprotein of pneumocystis carinii. | the major surface glycoprotein (msg) of pneumocystis carinii f. sp. carinii is a family of proteins encoded by a family of heterogeneous genes. messenger rnas encoding different msgs each begin with the same 365-bp sequence, called the upstream conserved sequence (ucs), which is in frame with the contiguous msg sequence. the ucs contains several potential start sites for translation. to determine if translation of msg mrnas begins in the ucs, polyclonal antiserum was raised against the 123-amino ... | 1998 | 9453635 |
| expression, structure, and location of epitopes of the major surface glycoprotein of pneumocystis carinii f. sp. carinii. | the major surface glycoprotein (msg) of pneumocystis carinii f. sp. carinii consists of a heterogeneous family of proteins that are encoded by approximately 100 unique genes. a genomic expression library was screened with a panel of msg-specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to identify conserved and rare epitopes. all of the antibodies reacted with epitopes that are encoded within the 5' end of msg. the results from the expression screening identified antibodies that recognize highly conserved, ... | 1998 | 9455880 |
| antibody to pneumocystis carinii protects rats and mice from developing pneumonia. | well-proven mouse and rat models were used to show that polyclonal antisera to pneumocystis carinii protect against p. carinii pneumonia. antibodies were obtained from animals that were allowed to recover from severe p. carinii pneumonia after immunosuppression had been stopped and which then were given a booster injection of p. carinii from the same animal species. mice immunosuppressed with corticosteroids or antibodies to l3t4+ lymphocytes (which are comparable to cd4 cells of humans) and tra ... | 1998 | 9455884 |
| impact of opportunistic disease on survival in patients with hiv infection. | to assess the impact of opportunistic diseases on survival in patients with hiv disease. | 1998 | 9456252 |
| the lipids of pneumocystis carinii. | information about a number of pneumocystis carinii lipids obtained by the analyses of organisms isolated and purified from infected lungs of corticosteroid-immunosuppressed rats has been reported in recent years. of the common opportunistic protists associated with aids (cryptosporidium, toxoplasma, and the microsporidia), more is currently known about the lipids of p. carinii than the others. lipids that are synthesized by the organism but not by humans are attractive targets for drug developme ... | 1998 | 9457427 |
| [hemophiliacs with hiv. slower progression of the infection among younger patients and at higher dosages of factor concentrates]. | hiv disease progression and the effect of replacement therapy with clotting factor concentrates (cfcs) were studied in 100 swedish haemophiliacs, mean age at seroconversion 29 years (range, 4-72). on average 16 years after seroconversion, 67 per cent of the patients had cd4+ cell counts of < 200 x 10(6)/l, 50 per cent had developed aids, and 58 per cent had died. hiv disease progression was significantly slower in those aged less than 28 (median age) at seroconversion (p = 0.004). moreover, mort ... | 1998 | 9458646 |
| clinic hiv-focused features and prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | to examine the association of clinic hiv-focused features and advanced hiv care experience with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) prophylaxis and development of pcp as the initial aids diagnosis. | 1998 | 9462490 |
| a comparison of modified cytological and histological staining methods for the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | the object of this study was to find a suitable staining method for p. carinii. this parasite is not easily stained and clinical signs are not specific for the diagnosis af p. carinii pneumonia and therefore optimal laboratory methods for observing the organism are extremely valuable. in all, 17 new, conventional and modified staining techniques were used on lung impression smears and tissue sections of sprague-dawley rats treated with cortisone (25% cortisone acetate, 1 ml injected twice weekly ... | 1997 | 9463508 |
| improved rabbit model of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: induced infections in pneumocystis-free animals. preliminary results. | 1997 | 9465877 | |
| development of a molecular typing method for pneumocystis carinii sp.f. hominis. | we are developing a typing method for pneumocystis carinii sp.f. hominis consisting in the pcr amplification of four variable regions of the genome from bronchoalveolar lavages, followed by the detection of their variation by the single-strand conformation polymorphism technique (sscp). most samples of each region from eleven unrelated patients showed two sscp bands. six patients were probably infected by a single strain since they showed a single sequence morph of each region. the combinations ... | 1997 | 9465878 |
| pneumocystis carinii hominis sequencing for reactivation or de novo contamination and for hypothetic transmission from person to person. | 1997 | 9465879 | |
| activation of natural immune functions by pneumocystis carinii. | 1997 | 9465880 | |
| improved survival among hiv-infected individuals following initiation of antiretroviral therapy. | clinical trials have established the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy with double- and triple-drug regimens for individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), but the effectiveness of these regimens in the population of patients not enrolled in clinical trials is unknown. | 1998 | 9466638 |
| simultaneous pneumocystis carinii and pneumococcal pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. | three children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who had pneumonia develop were infected simultaneously with pneumocystis carinïi and streptococcus pneumoniae. such coexistence has not been previously reported in children. one patient received prophylactic treatment against pneumocystis carinïi before his illness. | 1998 | 9470024 |
| characteristics of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in older adults. | to examine demographic and clinical features of older aids patients in comparison with younger individuals. | 1998 | 9475441 |
| characterization of natural occurring pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in pigs by histopathology, electron microscopy, in situ hybridization and pcr amplification. | macroscopic, histologic, ultrastructural, microbiologic, in situ hybridization (ish) and pcr detection results in three 8-week-old pigs naturally infected with pneumocystis carinii (pc) are described. all animals had a nonsuppurative interstitial pneumonia and intra-alveolar pneumocystis organisms with foamy eosinophilic and pas positive appearance. ultrastructurally, pc trophozoites and cysts were observed in pigs no. 2 and no. 3, with the former being much more numerous. pc organisms were loca ... | 1998 | 9476643 |
| [pulmonary cryptococcosis during hiv infection. 15 cases]. | we reviewed the records of 15 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infected patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis (pc). pc was the first aids-defining manifestation in nine patients. hiv infection was identified simultaneously with the onset of pc in 4 patients. the cd4+ lymphocyte count was low in all cases (median, 24/m3). chest radiography showed interstitial infiltrates in 13 instances, associated with pleural effusion in 5 cases and hilar adenopathy in 2 cases. in one case, chest-x-ray showe ... | 1997 | 9480480 |
| pneumocystis carinii inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase activity in lung epithelial cells. | pneumocystis carinii remains an important cause of pneumonia in patients with aids. attachment of the organism to epithelial cells is a central event in establishing infection, impairing the growth potential of lung epithelial cells and thereby slowing repair. in light of investigations documenting a central role for cyclin-dependent kinases in controlling the cell cycle, we addressed the hypothesis that p. carinii inhibits epithelial cell growth by interfering with host epithelial cyclin-depend ... | 1998 | 9486986 |
| [pneumocystis carinii otitis]. | background: pneumocystis carinii (pc) otitis is a rare opportunistic infection of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). initially hearing loss and otalgia occur with thickening of the tympanic membrane and the bordering skin of the ear canal. otorrhea, ear polyps, perforation of tympanic membrane, destruction of mastoidal bone, and participation of cranial nerves are observed. diagnosis is established histologically. the treatment of the parasite is by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole comb ... | 1997 | 9487488 |
| use of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in bone marrow transplant recipients. | bone marrow transplantation (bmt) has become the therapy of choice for a number of malignant and nonmalignant hematologic and nonhematologic disorders. a frequent complication after bmt is pulmonary disease which is associated with a high mortality rate. we examined the results of 79 bronchoscopies performed between may 1991 and may 1995 in 62 patients for the evaluation of pulmonary complications after bmt. in all cases bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) was performed, in 10% transbronchial biopsy (t ... | 1998 | 9490561 |
| primary pneumocystis carinii prophylaxis with aerosolized pentamidine after bone marrow transplantation. | 1998 | 9490570 | |
| pneumocystis carinii contains a functional cell-division-cycle cdc2 homologue. | pneumocystis carinii causes life-threatening pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. the inability to culture p. carinii has hampered basic investigations of the organism's life cycle, limiting the development of new therapies directed against it. recent investigations indicate that p. carinii is a fungus phylogenetically related to other ascomycetes such as schizosaccharomyces pombe. the cell cycles of s. pombe and homologous fungi are carefully regulated by cell-division-cycle molecules (cdc) ... | 1998 | 9490647 |
| [pneumocystosis of splenic localization in the course of hiv infection: a new indication for splenectomy. description of a case]. | pneumocystis carinii is a common cause of interstitial pneumonitis in aids patients: it affects 85% of patients with cell-mediated immunodeficiencies. extrapulmonary infection is much more infrequent and it is observed only in these patients who receive aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis because of minimal systemic distribution of the drug. no case of extrapulmonary disease was observed in patients receiving systemic prophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii with cotrimoxazole. the pathogenesis of e ... | 1997 | 9494189 |
| clinical characteristics and natural history of human immunodeficiency virus infected patients seen at a general hospital in singapore. | the number of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in singapore has risen over the years. a considerable proportion of them present with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). in this study, we document the clinical characteristics and natural history of a consecutive series of 50 patients who were found to have hiv infection when they were seen at a tertiary care hospital. the majority were in the 30 to 49 age group and the most common mode of acquisition was heterosex ... | 1997 | 9494659 |
| emerging pathogens for pneumonia in singapore. | the death rate from pneumonia in singapore has increased steadily over the past decade. the emerging respiratory pathogens may have contributed to this increased mortality. new challenges have arisen from changes in the characteristics of the host and the susceptibilities of the various pathogens to antibiotics. there has been a 60-fold increase in the incidence of penicillin resistance in streptococcus pneumoniae, the major pathogen for community-acquired pneumonia (cap). gram-negative bacilli ... | 1997 | 9494674 |
| infections in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. | infection is a frequent problem in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle), especially in those hospitalised with complications of disease. infections contribute greatly to the morbidity of patients and are one of the commonest causes of death. the high frequency and unusual spectrum of infections can be attributed to the multiple disturbances of immune function in sle in combination with the effects of immunosuppressive therapy. high doses of corticosteroids are particularly implicated ... | 1997 | 9494681 |
| identification and characterization of an endo/exonuclease in pneumocystis carinii that is inhibited by dicationic diarylfurans with efficacy against pneumocystis pneumonia. | dicationic diarylfurans and dicationic carbazoles are under development as therapeutic agents against opportunistic infections. while their ability to bind to the minor groove of dna has been established, the complete mechanism of action has not. we demonstrate here that an effective diarylfuran, 2,5-bis[4-(n-isopropylguanyl)phenyl]furan, inhibits an endo/exonuclease activity present in pneumocystis carinii, cryptococcus neoformans, candida albicans, and saccharomyces cerevisiae. this activity w ... | 1998 | 9495040 |
| acceptability of low-volume, induced sputum specimens for diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | two milliliters of induced sputum is the minimum volume recommended for microscopic examination for pneumocystis carinii by direct fluorescent antibody (dfa) stain. many specimens received in our laboratory do not meet this criterion. rejection of these inadequate specimens increases cost and discomfort to the patient because additional specimens must be obtained. to determine whether volumes less than 2 ml were acceptable for microscopic analysis, we examined 177 consecutive induced sputum spec ... | 1998 | 9495208 |
| health services use by urban women with or at risk for hiv-1 infection: the hiv epidemiology research study (hers). | to characterize health services use by urban women with or at risk for hiv-1 infection enrolled in a prospective multicenter study. | 1998 | 9495226 |
| cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with aids in europe. aids in europe study group. | the incidence of cytomegalovirus (cmv) retinitis and risk factors associated with the condition were studied in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) in a multicenter retrospective cohort study of 6458 patients from 52 centers in 17 countries in europe. cytomegalovirus retinitis was diagnosed in 154 patients (2.4%) at the time of aids diagnosis, the probability of this diagnosis being significantly higher for those with cd4+ cell counts of < 100/mm3 (3.4%) than with counts ... | 1997 | 9495667 |
| pneumocystis carinii meningoradiculitis in a patient with aids. | pneumocystis carinii is a common opportunistic pathogen in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is common, while extrapulmonary infections with pneumocystis carinii have been reported sparingly. the clinical features are frequently nonspecific. the detection of pneumocystis carinii in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) has not been reported thus far. in this report, an unusual case of pneumocystis carinii meningoradiculitis in an hiv-infected patie ... | 1997 | 9495679 |
| trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and metabolic acidosis in hiv-infected patients. | to describe a retrospective study of six hiv-positive individuals with compensated metabolic acidosis while receiving intravenous trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (tmp/smx). | 1998 | 9496402 |
| trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-induced tremor in a patient with aids. | to report a case of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (tmp/smx)-induced tremor responsive to a reduction in dosage. | 1998 | 9496403 |
| cd4 lymphocyte counts and mortality in aids patients requiring mechanical ventilator support due to pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | to evaluate cd4 counts as a predictor of mortality in aids patients with respiratory failure due to pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). | 1998 | 9498963 |
| diagnosing hiv-related disease: using the cd4 count as a guide. | objective: to summarize current information on the relation between cd4 counts and the risk of different hiv-related diseases. measurements and main results: medline search of english language articles between 1985 and 1996 using the medical subject heading (mesh) term "cd4 lymphocyte count" and searches using key words of multiple hiv-related diseases were conducted. some hiv-related diseases can be stratified to different cd4 count levels. regardless of their cd4 count, hiv-infected patients a ... | 1998 | 9502375 |
| persistence of pneumocystis carinii after effective treatment of p. carinii pneumonia is not related to relapse or survival among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | 1998 | 9502487 | |
| gender differences in care for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1998 | 9504038 | |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: the status of pneumocystis biochemistry. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia remains a prevalent opportunistic disease among immunocompromised individuals. although aggressive prophylaxis has decreased the number of acute p. carinii pneumonia cases, many patients cannot tolerate the available drugs, and experience recurrence of the infection, which can be fatal. it is now generally agreed that the organism should be placed with the fungi, but the identification of extant fungal species representing its closest kins, remains debated. most re ... | 1998 | 9504336 |
| hypothyroidism and hypoparathyroidism associated with pneumocystis carinii infection in a patient with aids. | 1998 | 9506377 | |
| trends in survival of hiv infected patients attending the department of genito-urinary medicine, royal infirmary of edinburgh. | in the early 1980s, median survival for patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) was only 11 months. survival improved in the mid-1980s, reaching a median of 20 months. we have looked at the trends in survival of patients attending the genito-urinary medicine department of edinburgh royal infirmary between 1984 and 1996. patients with an aids diagnosis between 1988 and 1991 had a median survival of 28 months, whereas patients given an aids diagnosis between 1992 and 1996 had a ... | 1997 | 9507588 |
| pneumocystis carinii and the immune response in disease. | pneumocystis carinii causes serious disease in immunocompromised patients, notably in aids patients. our understanding of the biology of this fungus is advancing but still incomplete. protective immunity against p. carinii is mediated by cd4+ t cells in the immunocompetent host, but precise resistance mechanisms remain to be determined. | 1998 | 9507642 |
| the incidence of aids-defining illnesses in 4883 patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. royal free/chelsea and westminster hospitals collaborative group. | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-defining illnesses are known to occur at different levels of immunosuppression, and the incidence of diagnoses may also vary according to the cd4 lymphocyte count strata. information about the incidence of disease at different levels of immunosuppression would help clinicians monitoring patients and would allow prophylaxis to be targeted at the most appropriate population. | 1998 | 9508227 |
| update on pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis typing based on nucleotide sequence variations in internal transcribed spacer regions of rrna genes. | pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis isolates from 207 clinical specimens from nine countries were typed based on nucleotide sequence variations in the internal transcribed spacer regions i and ii (its1 and its2, respectively) of rrna genes. the number of its1 nucleotides has been revised from the previously reported 157 bp to 161 bp. likewise, the number of its2 nucleotides has been changed from 177 to 192 bp. the number of its1 sequence types has increased from 2 to 15, and that of its2 has inc ... | 1998 | 9508304 |
| pneumocystis carinii promoter analysis in a heterologous saccharomyces cerevisiae assay system. | 1997 | 9508404 | |
| identification of potential pneumocystis carinii autonomous replication sequences for use in the development of a transformation system. | 1997 | 9508405 | |
| lactic acid levels in human pneumocystis carinii cultures can be one cause of inhibition of parasite growth. | 1997 | 9508406 | |
| carriage of pneumocystis carinii in children with chronic lung diseases. | 1997 | 9508407 | |
| typing of pneumocystis carinii sp.f. hominis by pcr-sscp of four genomic regions. | 1997 | 9508408 | |
| activation of pulmonary macrophages is not sufficient for in vivo containment of pneumocystis carinii. | 1997 | 9508409 | |
| genetic diversity among pneumocystis carinii hominis isolates from hiv-infected patients and other immunosuppressed patients in france. | 1997 | 9508410 | |
| rabbit model of induced pneumocystis carinii development followed by reinfection. | 1997 | 9508412 | |
| cultivation of rabbit pneumocystis carinii on cells derived from rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus). | cultivation of pneumocystis carinii from rabbit onto cell monolayers was intended. three cell types were used: rat lung derived cell line l2 and canine kidney derived cell line mdck, and primary epithelial rabbit lung cells derived from 20 days old foetuses. these primary cells were also immortalized by transfection of the coding sequences for the large and small t antigens of the sv40 virus. p. carinii were extracted from lungs of corticoid treated young rabbits and were purified on ficoll. in ... | 1997 | 9508413 |
| adoptive transfer of specific lymphocyte populations sensitized to the major surface glycoprotein of pneumocystis carinii decreases organism burden while increasing survival rate in the rat. | 1997 | 9508414 | |
| in vitro cytolytic activity of lymphocytes against pneumocystis carinii. | 1997 | 9508415 | |
| presence of pneumocystis carinii dna in pond water. | 1997 | 9508416 | |
| algorithmic analysis of in vitro chemotherapy against pneumocystis carinii. | the development of in vitro experimental chemotherapy against p.carinii has been hindered by the lack of efficient methods for continuous cultivation of the microorganism. various short-term systems, allowing the production of infectious forms of pneumocystis, can be employed for in vitro experimental chemotherapy. the purpose of the present study is to describe a statistically relevant algorithmic model for the evaluation of p.carinii in short-term in vitro culture and drug screening. | 1997 | 9508418 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia--pig provocation model. | 1997 | 9508419 | |
| characterization of the pneumocystis carinii cyclin-dependent kinase life cycle regulatory system. | 1997 | 9508420 | |
| host response to inflammation elicited during pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1997 | 9508421 | |
| activation of natural immune functions by pneumocystis carinii. | 1997 | 9508422 | |
| detection of pneumocystis carinii with dna-binding bisbenzimide 33258 hoechst. | 1997 | 9508423 | |
| high frequency of pneumocystis carinii sp.f. hominis colonization in hiv-negative patients. | 1997 | 9508424 | |
| modified 8-aminoquinolines cure mouse pneumocystis carinii infection. | 1997 | 9508428 | |
| detection of cytokine mrna in the lung during the spontaneous pneumocystis carinii pneumonia of the young rabbit. | 1997 | 9508431 | |
| detection of pneumocystis carinii f. sp. in air samples collected in animal rooms. | 1997 | 9508432 | |
| detection of pneumocystis carinii in oropharyngeal washings by pcr-shela and nested pcr. | oropharyngeal washings (ophs) from 27 hiv infected patients (18 with p. carinii pneumonia, pcp, and 9 without pcp) were examined for p. carinii using morphological staining and dna amplification with pcr-shela and nested pcr methods. the comparison of these techniques shows that 1. the amplification of p. carinii dna is more sensitive than (and as specific as) morphological staining; 2. pcr-shela is less sensitive than (and as specific as) nested pcr. | 1997 | 9508433 |
| cellular and humoral response in pneumocystis carinii spontaneously infected rabbits. | 1997 | 9508434 | |
| typing with its regions of p.carinii from aids patients with recurrent pneumonia. | to understand the way of reinfection of pneumocystis carinii we have analyzed the genetic variation at the internal transcribed spacer (its) in dna samples from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of italian hiv patients who had multiple episodes of p.carinii pneumonia. the presence of the same and/or a new type in both episodes suggest the possible occurrence of both reactivation of a previously acquired infection and reinfection from an exogenous source. furthermore the occurrence of two different ty ... | 1997 | 9508436 |
| in vitro and in vivo models of pneumocystis carinii. | 1997 | 9508437 | |
| cdna cloning and overexpression of cell surface subtilisin-like proteases (ssp) of pneumocystis carinii. | 1997 | 9508440 | |
| heterologous expression of pneumocystis carinii genes in fission yeast. | 1997 | 9508441 | |
| pneumocystosis in humans or in corticosteroid-untreated animal models: interactions between pulmonary surfactant changes and pneumocystis carinii in vivo or in vitro growth. | 1997 | 9508443 | |
| non-invasive diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in haematological patients using pcr on oral washes. | 1997 | 9508444 | |
| ubiquinone synthesis by pneumocystis carinii: incorporation of radiolabeled polyprenyl chain and benzoquinone ring precursors. | radiolabeled mevalonic acid was incorporated in vitro into pneumocystis carinii ubiquinone homologs, coq9 and coq10, demonstrating the isoprenoid branch pathway forming the polyprenyl chain of ubiquinone is functional in the organism. radiolabeled shikimic acid, tyrosine and p-hydroxybenzoic acid were also incorporated into the two ubiquinone homologs, indicating that p. carinii also possessed the biochemical pathway for de novo synthesis of the coq benzoquinone ring. | 1997 | 9508445 |
| detection of pneumocystis carinii dna by pcr amplification in various rat organs in experimental pneumocystosis. | pneumocystosis is usually a disease of the lungs, but the number of cases of extrapulmonary pneumocystosis has greatly increased during the aids epidemic. much remains unknown about the frequency and mechanisms of dissemination. in the present study, a systematic search for pneumocystis carinii by pcr with primers specific for mitochondrial rrna was performed in the lung, liver, spleen and kidney of 12 immunosuppressed rats and two immunocompetent rats. the amplified products were analysed by so ... | 1997 | 9511814 |
| pneumocystis carinii in wildlife. | pneumocystis carinii is a eukaryotic organism capable of causing life-threatening pneumonia (pcp) in immunocompromised hosts. despite intensive investigation in human and laboratory animal hosts, information on the occurrence and nature of infections in wild animals is scarce, although characterisation of infections in wild-animal populations may help to elucidate the life-cycle and transmission of this elusive organism. due to the interspecific differences in prevalence and intensity of p. cari ... | 1998 | 9512987 |
| declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. hiv outpatient study investigators. | national surveillance data show recent, marked reductions in morbidity and mortality associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). to evaluate these declines, we analyzed data on 1255 patients, each of whom had at least one cd4+ count below 100 cells per cubic millimeter, who were seen at nine clinics specializing in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in eight u.s. cities from january 1994 through june 1997. | 1998 | 9516219 |
| olecranon bursitis caused by infection with candida lusitaniae. | we describe a 59-year-old woman with diabetes and chronic asthma treated with prednisone and methotrexate who developed chronic olecranon bursitis caused by candida lusitaniae. infection, especially with unusual microbial pathogens, should be considered in cases of chronic bursitis in patients taking immunosuppressive medicine, even if the classic signs of septic bursitis are absent. infection with c. lusitaniae, a component of the normal mycoflora, may be a marker of serious immunosuppression, ... | 1998 | 9517788 |
| frequency and determinants of use of antiretroviral and prophylactic therapies against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) before aids diagnosis in italy. | to determine the frequency and the determinants of use of antiretroviral drugs and prophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) among hiv-infected individuals before aids diagnosis, a questionnaire was sent to all physicians reporting at least one aids case during the first six months of 1994 to the italian national aids registry. information on cases diagnosed between 1 january and 31 march 1995 was collected. information was obtained for 878 (66.4%) of the 1323 persons with aids: 447 ( ... | 1998 | 9517872 |
| anti-pneumocystis activities of aromatic diamidoxime prodrugs. | aromatic dicationic compounds, such as pentamidine, have potent antimicrobial activities. clinical use of these compounds has been restricted, however, by their toxicity and limited oral activity. a novel approach, using amidoxime derivatives as prodrugs, has recently been proposed to overcome these limitations. although results were presented for amidoxime derivatives of only one diamidine, pentamidine, the authors in the original proposal claimed that amidoxime derivatives would work as effect ... | 1998 | 9517949 |
| the demography, clinical manifestations and natural history of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in an older population in singapore. | in this retrospective study, we report 43 cases (41 males and 2 females) of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in the singapore population aged 50 years and above at first presentation. we found an increasing proportion of these older individuals among our hiv-seropositive patients; from 4.8% in 1991 to 16.7% by mid-1996. the mean age at presentation was 59.2 years (range 50 to 75 years). they were mainly heterosexuals (93%) and the majority (79.1%) were previously or currently married ... | 1997 | 9522969 |
| medical management of the pregnant woman infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and her child. | heterosexual contact and intravenous drug use continue to result in new cases of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection among adolescents and women of childbearing age. in north american and european surveys, 0.1% to 0.3% of childbearing women are infected with hiv; rates are 10 to 20 times higher in some inner-city areas. timely, comprehensive, and well-coordinated care of the pregnant hiv-infected mother offers a unique opportunity to significantly influence two lives simultaneo ... | 1998 | 9523401 |
| 2,4-diamino-6,7-dihydro-5h-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidine analogues of trimethoprim as inhibitors of pneumocystis carinii and toxoplasma gondii dihydrofolate reductase. | three previously unreported (r,s)-2,4-diamino-5-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) alkyl]-6,7-dihydro-5h-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidines 15a-c were synthesized as analogues of trimethoprim (tmp) and were tested as inhibitors of pneumocystis carinii, toxoplasma gondii, and rat liver dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr). the length of the alkyl bridge between the cyclopenta[d]pyrimidine and trimethoxyphenyl moiety ranged from one in 15a to three carbons in 15c. the products were tested as competitive inhibitors of the ... | 1998 | 9526565 |
| [myasthenia gravis and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | 1997 | 9528078 | |
| granulocyte colony-stimulating factor use is associated with decreased bacteremia and increased survival in neutropenic hiv-infected patients. | neutropenia occurs in up to 17% of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected individuals. although granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (g-csf) can reverse hiv-related neutropenia, it is not established that this therapy can reduce bacterial infections and affect survival. | 1998 | 9528719 |
| co-trimoxazole desensitization in hiv-seropositive patients. | co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole) is an effective prophylactic agent against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). however, it is associated with a high frequency of adverse reactions in immunocompromised patients which may preclude its use. fourteen patients with a definite history of adverse reactions to co-trimoxazole on standard pcp prophylactic dosage were selected for desensitization using a regimen of gradual incremental exposure over an 11-day period. eight (57.1%) were suc ... | 1998 | 9530901 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in hiv primary infection]. | 1998 | 9534353 | |
| effects of aerosolized synthetic surfactant, atovaquone, and the combination of these on murine pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | an immunosuppressed rat model was used to determine the pharmacokinetics of aerosolized atovaquone (administered with and without a synthetic surfactant) and to evaluate the efficacy of inhaled atovaquone in the prevention and treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). after a single dose by aerosol, mean peak concentrations of atovaquone averaged 52 microg/ml in plasma and 31 microg/g in lungs of rats infected with p. carinii. when atovaquone was combined with surfactant, mean peak conc ... | 1998 | 9534981 |
| a study of chest infections in hiv seropositive patients in kuala lumpur. | a retrospective study of 144 adults with hiv infection was conducted to investigate the prevalence of upper and lower respiratory tract infections (urtis and lrtis). the patients were divided into two groups: those with acquired hiv through intravenous drug abuse (ivda), and those who had acquired hiv through 'other' risk behaviours. lrtis were more prevalent than urtis overall, and lrtis were significantly more common (p < 0.001) in ivdas than in the other-risk group. tuberculosis (40%) and bac ... | 1998 | 9536563 |
| [impact of medical approach on the presentation form of aids defined by clinical episodes]. | in recent years there has been a change in the opportunistic diseases incidence in hiv-infected patients. the change could be related to the use antiviral therapy and chemoprophylaxis strategies. the aim of the present study was to evaluate if medical intervention is able to modificate the clinical presentation of aids and the cd4+ lymphocyte counts at time of aids diagnosis. | 1998 | 9541900 |
| performance of a pcr assay for detection of pneumocystis carinii from respiratory specimens. | this study evaluates the performance of a pcr assay for the detection of pneumocystis carinii from respiratory specimens that has been designed for use in the clinical microbiology laboratory. the test includes a simple method for nucleic acid extraction and amplification, a colorimetric probe hybridization technique for detection of amplicons, and an internal control to evaluate for the presence of inhibitors of amplification. two hundred thirty-two clinical specimens (120 induced-sputum [is] a ... | 1998 | 9542920 |
| soluble complement receptor type 1 (cd35) in bronchoalveolar lavage of inflammatory lung diseases. | complement receptor type 1 (cr1) (cd35; c3b/c4b receptor) is a transmembrane protein of many haematopoietic cells. once cleaved, soluble complement receptor type 1 (scr1) exerts opposite effects as a powerful inhibitor of complement. this study addressed both the question of whether scr1 was found in bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) of normals and patients with various inflammatory disease, and its possible origin. in this retrospective study covering specimen and clinical data of 124 patients with ... | 1998 | 9543279 |
| selective pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors: design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new 2,4-diamino-5-substituted-furo[2,3-d]pyrimidines. | nonclassical antifolates, 2,4-diamino-5-substituted-furo[2, 3-d]pyrimidines 3-12 with bridge region variations of c8-s9, c8-n9, and c8-o9 and 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 2-phenoxyphenyl, 4-phenoxyphenyl, and 2-biphenyl side chains were synthesized as phenyl ring appended analogues of previously reported 2, 4-diamino-5-(anilinomethyl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidines. the phenyl ring appended analogues were designed to specifically interact with phe69 of dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) from pneumocystis carinii ... | 1998 | 9548816 |
| synthesis and biological activities of tricyclic conformationally restricted tetrahydropyrido annulated furo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductases. | the synthesis of seven 2,4-diamino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-7-substituted pyrido[4',3':4,5]furo[2,3-d]pyrimidines 1-6 are reported as nonclassical antifolate inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and compound 7 as a classical antifolate inhibitor of tumor cells in culture. the compounds were designed as conformationally restricted analogues of trimetrexate. the synthesis was accomplished from the cyclocondensation of 3-bromo-4-piperidone with 2, 4-diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine to afford regiospec ... | 1998 | 9554874 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia diagnosed by non-induced sputum stained with a direct fluorescent antibody. | non-induced expectorated sputum (nis) stained with tinctorial stains is not considered useful in the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). the diagnostic yield of nis was evaluated in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients, when stained with a more sensitive direct fluorescent antibody for pcp-direct fluorescent antibody (pc-dfa). a retrospective analysis was carried out on fifty-five hiv-infected patients with pcp, who had nis submitted for staining with pc-dfa. thirt ... | 1998 | 9558448 |