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small molecule inhibitors of lcrf, a yersinia pseudotuberculosis transcription factor, attenuate virulence and limit infection in a murine pneumonia model.lcrf (virf), a transcription factor in the multiple adaptational response (mar) family, regulates expression of the yersinia type iii secretion system (t3ss). yersinia pseudotuberculosis lcrf-null mutants showed attenuated virulence in tissue culture and animal models of infection. targeting of lcrf offers a novel, antivirulence strategy for preventing yersinia infection. a small molecule library was screened for inhibition of lcrf-dna binding in an in vitro assay. all of the compounds lacked in ...201020823209
the bacterial effector cif interferes with scf ubiquitin ligase function by inhibiting deneddylation of cullin1.cycle inhibiting factor (cif) is one of the effectors delivered into epithelial cells by enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) and enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) via the type iii secretion system (ttss). cif family proteins, which inhibit host cell-cycle progression via mechanisms not yet precisely understood, are highly conserved among epec, ehec, yersinia pseudotuberculosis, photorhabdus luminescens and burkholderia pseudomallei. levels of several proteins relevant to cell-cycle ...201020850415
characterization of yersinia using maldi-tof mass spectrometry and chemometrics.yersinia are gram-negative, rod-shaped facultative anaerobes, and some of them, yersinia enterocolitica, yersinia pseudotuberculosis, and yersinia pestis, are pathogenic in humans. rapid and accurate identification of yersinia strains is essential for appropriate therapeutic management and timely intervention for infection control. in the past decade matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (maldi-tof) mass spectrometry (ms) in combination with computer-aided pattern recognitio ...201020866090
yersinia pseudotuberculosis colitis presented with severe gastrointestinal bleeding.we report an adult case of yersinia pseudotuberculosis colitis who presented with severe gastrointestinal bleeding. a 25-year-old male had admitted with fever, vomiting, body aches, and massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding. since diagnostic tests were unremarkable and the patient's hemodynamic condition was unstable, emergency explorative laparotomy was performed. during the operation, localized wall thickening and ulcers were seen in the cecum. right hemicolectomy was performed. histological ...201020872335
alternative endogenous protein processing via an autophagy-dependent pathway compensates for yersinia-mediated inhibition of endosomal major histocompatibility complex class ii antigen presentation.extracellular yersinia pseudotuberculosis employs a type iii secretion system (t3ss) for translocating virulence factors (yersinia outer proteins [yops]) directly into the cytosol of eukaryotic cells. recently, we used yope as a carrier molecule for t3ss-dependent secretion and translocation of listeriolysin o (llo) from listeria monocytogenes. we demonstrated that translocation of chimeric yope/llo into the cytosol of macrophages by yersinia results in the induction of a codominant antigen-spec ...201020876292
microbial communication and virulence: lessons from evolutionary theory.at the heart of tackling the huge challenge posed by infectious micro-organisms is the overwhelming need to understand their nature. a major question is, why do some species of bacteria rapidly kill their host whilst others are relatively benign? for example, yersinia pestis, the causative organism of plague, is a highly virulent human pathogen whilst the closely related yersinia pseudotuberculosis causes a much less severe disease. using molecular techniques such as mutating certain genes, micr ...201020929954
predicting conserved essential genes in bacteria: in silico identification of putative drug targets.many genes have been listed as putatively essential for bacterial viability in the database of essential genomes (deg), although few have been experimentally validated. by prioritising targets according to the criteria suggested by the research and training in tropical diseases (tdr) targets database, we have developed a modified down-selection tool to identify essential genes conserved across diverse genera. using this approach we identified 52 proteins conserved to 7 or more of the 14 genomes ...201020949199
in silico comparison of yersinia pestis and yersinia pseudotuberculosis transcriptomes reveals a higher expression level of crucial virulence determinants in the plague bacillus.although yersinia pestis and yersinia pseudotuberculosis are genetically very similar (97% nucleotide sequence identity for most of the chromosomal genes), they exhibit very different patterns of infection. y. pestis causes plague which is usually fatal in the absence of treatment, whereas y. pseudotuberculosis generally triggers non-life-threatening intestinal symptoms. this drastic difference in pathogenicity may result from the acquisition of a few species-specific genes, but also from differ ...201020951640
common and divergent features in transcriptional control of the homologous small rnas glmy and glmz in enterobacteriaceae.small rnas glmy and glmz compose a cascade that feedback-regulates synthesis of enzyme glms in enterobacteriaceae. here, we analyzed the transcriptional regulation of glmy/glmz from yersinia pseudotuberculosis, salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli, as representatives for other enterobacterial species, which exhibit similar promoter architectures. the glmy and glmz srnas of y. pseudotuberculosis are transcribed from σ(54)-promoters that require activation by the response regulator glrr thr ...201020965974
yersinia pekkanenii sp. nov.taxonomic position of 3 strains from water, soil and lettuce samples, were studied using a polyphasic approach. the strains had been reported to lack the virulence encoding genes inv- and virf in a previous study. controversially, api 20 e and some other phenotypic tests suggested that the strains belong to yersinia pseudotuberculosis which prompted this polyphasic taxonomy study. both in the phylogenetic analyses of four housekeeping genes (glna, gyrb, reca, and hsp60) and numerical analyses of ...201021037033
rapid identification and typing of yersinia pestis and other yersinia species by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (maldi-tof) mass spectrometry.accurate identification is necessary to discriminate harmless environmental yersinia species from the food-borne pathogens yersinia enterocolitica and yersinia pseudotuberculosis and from the group a bioterrorism plague agent yersinia pestis. in order to circumvent the limitations of current phenotypic and pcr-based identification methods, we aimed to assess the usefulness of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (maldi-tof) protein profiling for accurate and rapid identific ...201021073689
occurrence of pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica and yersinia pseudotuberculosis in small wild rodents.summaryrodents are a potential source of pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica and y. pseudotuberculosis. in order to study this, 190 rodents were captured and sampled on seven pig farms (n=110), five chicken farms (n=55) and six other locations (n=25) in sweden. pigs from three of the pig farms were also sampled (n=60). pathogenic y. enterocolitica was detected by taqman pcr in about 5% of rodent samples and 18% of pig samples. only rodents caught on pig farms tested positive for the pathogen. y. ...201021073763
mathematical relationship between cytokine concentrations and pathogen levels during infection.the relationship between concentrations of cytokines and microbial pathogen levels during infection is not clear. in a sub-lethal murine infection model using gram-negative bacterial pathogen yersinia pseudotuberculosis, the serum concentrations (c) of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (tnfα), interferon γ (ifnγ), interleukine-1β (il-1β) and interleukine-18 (il-18) formed a mathematical relationship with the splenic pathogen levels (p) as measured by colony forming unit. naming ...201021093285
pathogen-host interactions in dictyostelium, legionella, mycobacterium and other pathogens.dictyostelium discoideum is a haploid social soil amoeba that is an established host model for several human pathogens. the research areas presently pursued include the use of d. discoideum to identify genetic host factors determining the outcome of infections and the use as screening system for identifying bacterial virulence factors. here we report about the legionella pneumophila directed phagosome biogenesis and the cell-to-cell spread of mycobacterium species. moreover, we highlight recent ...201021109012
population structure and evolution of pathogenicity of yersinia pseudotuberculosis.yersinia pseudotuberculosis is an enteric human pathogen but is widespread in the environment. pathogenicity is determined by a number of virulence factors, including the virulence plasmid pyv, the high-pathogenicity island (hpi), and the y. pseudotuberculosis-derived mitogen (ypm), a superantigen. the presence of the 3 virulence factors varies among y. pseudotuberculosis isolates. we developed a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) scheme to address the population structure of y. pseudotuberculosi ...201021131531
expression, purification, crystallization and initial x-ray diffraction analysis of thiol peroxidase from yersinia pseudotuberculosis.thiol peroxidase is an atypical 2-cys peroxiredoxin that reduces alkyl hydroperoxides. wild-type and c61s mutant protein have been recombinantly expressed in escherichia coli and purified using nickel-affinity chromatography. initial crystallization trials yielded three crystal forms in three different space groups (p2(1), p6(4) and p2(1)2(1)2(1)) both in the presence and the absence of dtt.201021139206
a novel ompy porin from yersinia pseudotuberculosis: structure, channel-forming activity and trimer thermal stability.a novel ompy porin was predicted based on the yersinia pseudotuberculosis genome analysis. whereas it has the different genomic annotation such as "outer membrane protein n" (abs46310.1) in str. ip 31758 or "outer membrane protein c2, porin" (yp_070481.1) in str. ip32953, it might be warranted to rename the ompn/ompc2 to ompy, "outer membrane protein y", where letter "y" pertained to yersinia. both phylogenetic analysis and genomic localization clearly support that the ompy porin belongs to a ne ...201121142221
oligomeric coiled-coil adhesin yada is a double-edged sword.yersinia adhesin a (yada) is an essential virulence factor for the food-borne pathogens yersinia enterocolitica and yersinia pseudotuberculosis. surprisingly, it is a pseudogene in yersinia pestis. even more intriguing, the introduction of a functional yada gene in y. pestis ev76 was shown to correlate with a decrease in virulence in a mouse model. here, we report that wild type (wt) y. enterocolitica e40, as well as yada-deprived e40 induced the synthesis of neutrophil extracellular traps (nets ...201021170337
yersinia pseudotuberculosis mnth functions in intracellular manganese accumulation that is essential for virulence and survival in cells expressing functional nramp1.manganese has an important yet undefined role in the virulence of many bacterial pathogens. in this study we confirm that a null mutation in yersinia pseudotuberculosis mnth reduces intracellular manganese accumulation. an mnth mutant was susceptible to killing by reactive oxygen species when grown under manganese limited conditions. the mnth mutant was defective in survival and growth in macrophages expressing functional nramp1, but in macrophages deficient in nramp the bacteria were able to su ...201021183572
systematic analysis of cyclic di-gmp signalling enzymes and their role in biofilm formation and virulence in yersinia pestis.cyclic di-gmp (c-di-gmp) is a signalling molecule that governs the transition between planktonic and biofilm states. previously, we showed that the diguanylate cyclase hmst and the putative c-di-gmp phosphodiesterase hmsp inversely regulate biofilm formation through control of hmshfrs-dependent poly-β-1,6-n-acetylglucosamine synthesis. here, we systematically examine the functionality of the genes encoding putative c-di-gmp metabolic enzymes in yersinia pestis. we determine that, in addition to ...201021219468
reduction of enteropathogenic yersinia in the pig slaughterhouse by using bagging of the rectum.to evaluate the effectiveness of bagging of the rectum in mitigating the contamination of carcasses with enteropathogenic yersinia at the slaughterhouse and to estimate the hidden prevalences of these pathogens in different farm types and capacities, samples from pigs, carcasses, and slaughterhouse environment were collected, and a bayesian probability model was constructed. in addition, the contamination routes were studied with molecular typing of the isolated strains. according to the model, ...201021219732
translocation of surface-localized effectors in type iii secretion.pathogenic yersinia species suppress the host immune response by using a plasmid-encoded type iii secretion system (t3ss) to translocate virulence proteins into the cytosol of the target cells. t3ss-dependent protein translocation is believed to occur in one step from the bacterial cytosol to the target-cell cytoplasm through a conduit created by the t3ss upon target cell contact. here, we report that t3ss substrates on the surface of yersinia pseudotuberculosis are translocated into target cell ...201121220342
tapping the potential of intact cell mass spectrometry with a combined data analytical approach applied to yersinia spp.: detection, differentiation and identification of y. pestis.in the everyday routine of an analytic lab, one is often confronted with the challenge to identify an unknown microbial sample lacking prior information to set the search limits. in the present work, we propose a workflow, which uses the spectral diversity of a commercial database (saramis) to narrow down the search field at a certain taxonomic level, followed by a refined classification by supervised modelling. as supervised learning algorithm, we have chosen a shrinkage discriminant analysis a ...201121239132
structure of the effector-binding domain of the lysr-type transcription factor rovm from yersinia pseudotuberculosis.in enteropathogenic yersinia, the expression of several early-phase virulence factors such as invasin is tightly regulated in response to environmental cues. the responsible regulatory network is complex, involving several regulatory rnas and proteins such as the lysr-type transcription regulator (lttr) rovm. in this study, the crystal structure of the effector-binding domain (ebd) of rovm, the first lttr protein described as being involved in virulence regulation, was determined at a resolution ...201121245528
biofilm development on caenorhabditis elegans by yersinia is facilitated by quorum sensing-dependent repression of type iii secretion.yersinia pseudotuberculosis forms biofilms on caenorhabditis elegans which block nematode feeding. this genetically amenable host-pathogen model has important implications for biofilm development on living, motile surfaces. here we show that y. pseudotuberculosis biofilm development on c. elegans is governed by n-acylhomoserine lactone (ahl)-mediated quorum sensing (qs) since (i) ahls are produced in nematode associated biofilms and (ii) y. pseudotuberculosis strains expressing an ahl-degrading ...201121253572
cra negatively regulates acid survival in yersinia pseudotuberculosis.survival in acidic environments is important for successful infection of gastrointestinal pathogens. many bacteria have evolved elaborate mechanisms by inducing or repressing gene expression, which subsequently provide ph homeostasis and enable acid survival. in this study, we employed comparative proteomic analysis to identify the acid-responsive proteins of a food-borne enteric bacterium, yersinia pseudotuberculosis. the expression level of eight proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism wa ...201121276044
different enteropathogenic yersinia strains found in wild boars and domestic pigs.yersinia enterocolitica and yersinia pseudotuberculosis strains isolated from wild boars and fattening pigs were characterized and compared with each other. in wild boars, ail-positive y. enterocolitica strains belonged to bioserotypes 4/o:3 (36%, 5/14), 2/o:9 (29%, 4/14), and 2/o:5,27 (21%, 3/14). additionally, two ail-positive strains were untypable. among fattening pigs, the bioserotype 4/o:3 was dominating (91%, 71/78), and bioserotypes 2/o:5,27 (8%, 6/78) and 2/o:9 (1%, 1/78) were rare. inv ...201121288132
modulation of a thermoregulated type vi secretion system by ahl-dependent quorum sensing in yersinia pseudotuberculosis.the type vi secretion system (t6ss) is a novel secretion system found in many gram-negative bacterial pathogens, which appears to be tightly regulated by different regulatory mechanisms. in the present study, we identified 4 t6ss clusters in yersinia pseudotuberculosis and demonstrated that they were differentially thermoregulated. among them, t6ss4 was preferentially expressed at 26°c, and its expression was growth phase dependent and subject to quorum sensing regulation. both ypsi and ytbi ahl ...201121298257
[immunochemical characteristics of synthetic peptides incorporating t- and b-cell epitopes nonspecific porins of pathogenic yersinia].multiple antigenic peptides (maps), a sequence which include common antigenic epitopes of outer membrane porins (om) bacteria of the genus yersinia (y. pseudotuberculosis, y. enterocolitica, y. pestis), pathogenic for humans have been synthesized. after immunization of balb/c mice the antiserum to the peptide have been obtained. with the help of elisa we showed that these sera interact with porins isolated from om pathogenic yersinia, and map interact with antibodies in sera from rabbits immuniz ...201021317944
the role of the phopq operon in the pathogenesis of the fully virulent co92 strain of yersinia pestis and the ip32953 strain of yersinia pseudotuberculosis.at the genomic level, yersinia pestis and yersinia pseudotuberculosis are nearly identical but cause very different diseases. y. pestis is the etiologic agent of plague; whereas y. pseudotuberculosis causes a gastrointestinal infection primarily after the consumption of contaminated food. in many gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, phop is part of a two-component global regulatory system in which phoq serves as the sensor kinase, and phop is the response regulator. phop is known to activate a num ...201121320584
the genetics and structure of the o-specific polysaccharide of yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype o:10 and its relationship with escherichia coli o111 and salmonella enterica o35.the o-specific polysaccharide (ops) is a variable constituent of the lipopolysaccharide of gram-negative bacteria. the polymorphic nature of opss within a species is usually first defined serologically, and the current serotyping scheme for yersinia pseudotuberculosis consists of 21 o serotypes of which 15 have been characterized genetically and structurally. here, we present the structure and dna sequence of y. pseudotuberculosis o:10 ops. the o unit consists of one residue each of d-galactopyr ...201121321053
genetic analysis of the o-antigen gene clusters of yersinia pseudotuberculosis o:6 and o:7.among the 21 o-polysaccharide (ops) o-antigen-based serotypes described for yersinia pseudotuberculosis, those of o:6 and o:7 are unusual in that both contain colitose (4-keto-3,6-dideoxy-d-mannose or 4-keto-3,6-dideoxy-l-xylo-hexose), which has not otherwise been reported for this species, and the o:6 ops also contains yersiniose a (4-c[(r)-1-hydroxyethyl]-3,6-dideoxy-d-xylo-hexose), another unusual dideoxyhexose sugar. in y. pseudotuberculosis, the genes for ops synthesis generally cluster tog ...201121325338
the rack1 signaling scaffold protein selectively interacts with yersinia pseudotuberculosis virulence function.many gram-negative bacteria use type iii secretion systems to translocate effector proteins into host cells. these effectors interfere with cellular functions in a highly regulated manner resulting in effects that are beneficial for the bacteria. the pathogen yersinia can resist phagocytosis by eukaryotic cells by translocating yop effectors into the target cell cytoplasm. this is called antiphagocytosis, and constitutes an important virulence feature of this pathogen since it allows survival in ...201121347310
yersinia pseudotuberculosis is resistant to killing by human neutrophils.the interaction between human neutrophils and the gram negative gastrointestinal pathogen yersinia pseudotuberculosis was investigated in vitro. despite the wealth of data describing how yersinia can affect the function of neutrophils, there are no published studies describing if neutrophil cells can affect the viability of y. pseudotuberculosis. the wild-type ip32953 strain of y. pseudotuberculosis was found to be resistant to killing by human neutrophils. confocal examination and flow-cytometr ...201121354325
the presence of anti-yersinia pseudotuberculosis immunoglobulins in equine serum.the research was conducted on clinically healthy mares (n = 40) and foals (n = 78) during y. pseudotuberculosis associated enzootics. the animals were divided into groups: i to iv--mares, ia to iva--their offsprings, ib to ivb--foals which mothers were not treated with any medicaments. the animals in group i, ia and ib were injected with pbs; in group ii, iia and iib--with y. pseudotuberculosis strain-based vaccine, in group iii, iiia and iiib--with p. acnes strain-based immunostimulator; in gro ...201021370753
[to the differential diagnosis of arthritis of pseudotuberculous and chlamydial etiology].to define main differential diagnostic criteria for arthritides of chlamydial and pseudotuberculous etiology and to improve patient examination tactics.201021381351
[enteropathogenic yersinia and host cytokine system].data about interaction of virulence factors of yersinia enterocolitica and yersinia pseudotuberculosis with host immune system cells are presented in the review. response of innate and adaptive immunity cytokine system in cultures in vitro and during experiment was characterized; scarce data on production of cytokines in patients with yersiniosis are presented.201021384597
[analysis of insect toxin complex gene variability of yersinia pestis and yersinia pseudotuberculosis strains].the nucleotide sequences of the tc's insect toxin complex genes have been analyzed in 18 natural strains of the main and non-main subspecies of yersinia pestis isolated in different natural foci in the russian federation, as well as neighboring and more remote countries, as compared to the data on y. pestis and y. pseudotuberculosis strains stored in the ncbi genbank database. the nucleotide sequences of these genes in plague agent strains have been found to be highly conserved, in contrast to t ...201121446179
brucellosis of the european brown hare (lepus europaeus).the european brown hare (lepus europaeus) is an important reservoir of brucella suis biovar 2 and also of the life-threatening zoonotic agent francisella tularensis. since both bacteria can produce similar gross pathological lesions in this species, laboratory tests are necessary for the final diagnosis. the aim of the present study was to develop an immunohistochemical method for the detection of b. suis infection and to describe the pathological and histological lesions caused by b. suis in eu ...201121511271
identification and characterisation of a novel adhesin ifp in yersinia pseudotuberculosis.abstract:201121527009
molecular recognition of chymotrypsin by the serine protease inhibitor ecotin from yersinia pestis.resistance to antibiotics is a problem not only in terms of healthcare but also biodefence. engineering of resistance into a human pathogen could create an untreatable biothreat pathogen. one such pathogen is yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague. previously we have used a bioinformatic approach to identify proteins which may be suitable targets for antimicrobial therapy and in particular for the treatment of plague. the serine protease inhibitor ecotin was identified as one such target ...201121531711
a yersinia effector with enhanced inhibitory activity on the nf-κb pathway activates the nlrp3/asc/caspase-1 inflammasome in macrophages.a type iii secretion system (t3ss) in pathogenic yersinia species functions to translocate yop effectors, which modulate cytokine production and regulate cell death in macrophages. distinct pathways of t3ss-dependent cell death and caspase-1 activation occur in yersinia-infected macrophages. one pathway of cell death and caspase-1 activation in macrophages requires the effector yopj. yopj is an acetyltransferase that inactivates mapk kinases and ikkβ to cause tlr4-dependent apoptosis in naïve ma ...201121533069
adhesins of human pathogens from the genus yersinia.bacteria of the gram-negative genus yersinia are environmentally ubiquitous. three species are of medical importance: the intestinal pathogens y. enterocolitica and y. pseudotuberculosis, and the plague bacillus y. pestis. the two former species, spread by contaminated food or water, cause a range of gastrointestinal symptoms and, rarely, sepsis. on occasion, the primary infection is followed by autoimmune sequelae such as reactive arthritis. plague is a systemic disease with high mortality. it ...201121557054
[immunogenic and protective properties of nanosized constructs based on tubular immunostimulating complexes and pore forming protein of yersinia pseudotuberculosis].evaluation of immunogenic and protective properties of constructs based on subunit porin antigen from yersinia pseudotuberculosis, immunostimulating complexes (iscom) and tubular immunostimulating (ti) complexes.201121598614
[influence of cultivation temperature and yersinia pestis fra-operon carriage on morphological features of yersinia pseudotuberculosis].studies of influence of yersinia pestis fra-operon carriage on morphological properties of y. pseudotuberculosis recipient strain cells and colonies at different temperature and cultivation time.201121598620
progress on plague vaccine development.yersinia pestis (yp), the gram-negative plague bacterium, has shaped human history unlike any other pathogen known to mankind. yp (transmitted by the bite of an infected flea) diverged only recently from the related enteric pathogen yersinia pseudotuberculosis but causes radically different diseases. three forms of plague exist in humans: bubonic (swollen lymph nodes or bubos), septicemic (spread of yp through the lymphatics or bloodstream from the bubos to other organs), and contagious, pneumon ...201121670978
monitoring of gene expression in bacteria during infections using an adaptable set of bioluminescent, fluorescent and colorigenic fusion vectors.a family of versatile promoter-probe plasmids for gene expression analysis was developed based on a modular expression plasmid system (pz). the vectors contain different replicons with exchangeable antibiotic cassettes to allow compatibility and expression analysis on a low-, midi- and high-copy number basis. suicide vector variants also permit chromosomal integration of the reporter fusion and stable vector derivatives can be used for in vivo or in situ expression studies under non-selective co ...201121673990
characterization of the dehydratase wcbk and the reductase wcag involved in gdp-6-deoxy-manno-heptose biosynthesis in campylobacter jejuni.the capsule of campylobacter jejuni strain 81-176 comprises the unusual 6-deoxy-alpha-d-altro-heptose, whose biosynthesis and function are not known. in this work, we characterized enzymes of the capsular cluster, wcbk and wcag, to determine their role in 6-deoxy-altro-heptose synthesis. these enzymes are similar to the yersinia pseudotuberculosis gdp-manno-heptose dehydratase/reductase dmha/dmhb, that we characterized previously. capillary electrophoresis and mass spectrometry analyses showed t ...201121711244
identification of bacterial target proteins for the salicylidene acylhydrazide class of virulence-blocking compounds.a class of anti-virulence compounds, the salicylidene acylhydrazides, has been widely reported to block the function of the type three secretion system of several gram-negative pathogens by a previously unknown mechanism. in this work we provide the first identification of bacterial proteins that are targeted by this group of compounds. we provide evidence that their mode of action is likely to result from a synergistic effect arising from a perturbation of the function of several conserved prot ...201121724850
varying dependency of periplasmic peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerases in promoting yersinia pseudotuberculosis stress tolerance and pathogenicity.periplasmic peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerases (ppiases) catalyze the cis/trans isomerization of peptidyl-prolyl bonds, which is a rate-limiting step during protein folding. we demonstrate that the sura, ppia, ppid fkpa and fklb alleles each encode a periplasmic ppiase in the bacterial pathogen yersinia pseudotuberculosis. of these, four were purified to homogeneity. purified sura, fkpa and fklb, but not ppid, displayed detectable ppiase activity in vitro. significantly, only y. pseudotubercul ...201121726196
optimization of a sample preparation method for the metabolomic analysis of clinically relevant bacteria.metabolomics, or metabolite profiling, is an approach that is increasingly used to study the metabolism of diverse organisms, elucidate biological processes and/or find characteristic biomarkers of physiological states. here, we describe the optimization of a method for global metabolomic analysis of bacterial cultures, with the following steps. cells are grown to log-phase, starting from an overnight culture and bacterial concentrations are monitored by measuring the optical density of the cult ...201121763728
identification of the lps core of yersinia pestis and yersinia pseudotuberculosis as the receptor for bacteriophage {varphi}a1122.?a1122 is t7-related bacteriophage infecting most isolates of yersinia pestis, the etiologic agent of plague, and used by cdc in the identification of y. pestis. ?a1122 infects y. pestis grown both at 20°c and at 37°c. wild type y. pseudotuberculosis strains are also infected, but only when grown at 37°c. since y. pestis expresses rough lipopolysaccharide (lps) missing the o-polysaccharide (o-ps) and expression of y. pseudotuberculosis o-ps is largely suppressed at temperatures above 30°c it has ...201121764935
[antimicrobial activity of bacteriocin s760 produced by enterococcus faecium strain lwp760].antimicrobial activity of bacteriocin s760 (enterocin) produced by enterococcusfaecium strain lwp760 was studied. bacteriocin s760 is a cationic, hydrophobic, and heat stable peptide with the molecular weight of 5.5 kda and pl of 9.8. enterocin s760 is shown to inhibit in vitro the growth both of sensitive and resistant to antibacterials gramnegative and grampositive bacteria of 25 species. mics of the bacteriocin s760 vary between 0.05-1.6 mg/l for escherichia coli 0157:h117, salmonella typhimu ...201121780664
yersinia pseudotuberculosis bloodstream infection and septic arthritis: case report and review of the literature.yersinia pseudotuberculosis belongs to the family enterobacteriaceae and is known to cause enterocolitis, terminal ileitis, pseudoappendicitis, erythema nodosum, reactive polyarthritis, and, occasionally, bloodstream infections. here, we report the first case of bacteremia and septic arthritis in a patient without obvious risk factors and review all of the published cases of y. pseudotuberculosis bloodstream infections.201121789525
Prevalence of Salmonella, Yersinia and Campylobacter spp. in Feral Raccoons (Procyon lotor) and Masked Palm Civets (Paguma larvata) in Japan.To estimate the public and animal health risk that alien species pose, the prevalence of Salmonella, Yersinia, and Campylobacter spp. in feral raccoons (Procyon lotor, nÔÇâ=ÔÇâ459) and masked palm civets (Paguma larvata, nÔÇâ=ÔÇâ153), which are abundant alien species in Japan, was investigated in urban and suburban areas of Japan. Salmonella enterica was detected from 29 samples [26 raccoons, 5.7%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 7.8-3.5%; three masked palm civets, 2.0%, 95% CI 4.2-0%]. Many of the ...201121824337
type iii secretion system-dependent translocation of ectopically-expressed yop effectors into macrophages by intracellular yersinia pseudotuberculosis.yersinia pseudotuberculosis is a gram-negative bacterial pathogen. virulence in y. pseudotuberculosis requires the plasmid-encoded ysc type iii secretion system (t3ss), which functions to translocate a set of effectors called yops into infected host cells. the effectors function to antagonize phagocytosis (e.g. yoph) or to induce apoptosis (yopj) in macrophages infected with y. pseudotuberculosis. additionally, when anti-phagocytosis is incomplete and y. pseudotuberculosis is internalized by mac ...201121844228
Pseudoceramines A-D, new antibacterial bromotyrosine alkaloids from the marine sponge Pseudoceratina sp.Bioassay-guided fractionation of the CH(2)Cl(2)/MeOH extract of the Australian marine sponge Pseudoceratina sp. resulted in the purification of four new bromotyrosine alkaloids, pseudoceramines A-D (1-4), along with a known natural product, spermatinamine (5). The structures of 1-5 were determined by spectroscopic methods. Pseudoceramines A (1) and B (2) feature a rare bromotyrosyl-spermine-bromotyrosyl sequence, and pseudoceramine C (3) is the first example of bromotyrosine coupled with an N-me ...201121850326
global discovery of small rnas in yersinia pseudotuberculosis identifies yersinia-specific small, noncoding rnas required for virulence.a major class of bacterial small, noncoding rnas (srnas) acts by base-pairing with mrnas to alter the translation from and/or stability of the transcript. our laboratory has shown that hfq, the chaperone that mediates the interaction of many srnas with their targets, is required for the virulence of the enteropathogen yersinia pseudotuberculosis. this finding suggests that srnas play a critical role in the regulation of virulence in this pathogen, but these srnas are not known. using a deep sequ ...201121876162
phosphorylated cpxr restricts production of the rova global regulator in yersinia pseudotuberculosis.rova is a global transcriptional regulator of gene expression in pathogenic yersinia. rova levels are kept in check by a sophisticated layering of distinct transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. in the enteropathogen y. pseudotuberculosis, we have previously reported that the extracytoplasmic stress sensing cpxa-cpxr two-component regulatory system modulates rova expression.201121876746
tubular immunostimulating complex based on cucumarioside a2-2 and monogalactosyldiacylglycerol from marine macrophytes.there is an urgent need to develop safe and effective adjuvants for the new generation of subunit vaccines. we developed the tubular immunostimulating complex (ti-complex) as a new nanoparticulate antigen delivery system. the morphology and composition of ti-complexes principally differ from the known vesicular immunostimulating complexes (iscoms). however, methodology for the preparation of ti-complexes has suffered a number of shortcomings. the aim of the present work was to obtain an antigen ...201121888630
[the mode of spot test of plague and pseudotuberculosis agents mix cultures].it is supposed to implement the polymerase chain reaction with mix of two pairs of "chromosome" primers "vlm12for'/"is216rev" and "js for"/jsrev" species-specific for y. pestis and y. psdtbc correspondingly in spot test of plague and pseudotuberculosis. the additional immunodiagnostics is applied to find defective and full-fledged on plague bacteria f1-antigen synthesis in the volume agglomeration reaction and paragglutination with diagnosticums of plasmid-dependent f1 antigen and chromosome fv ...201121899119
[yersiniosis in poland in 2009].the total number of 326 yersiniosis cases were reported in 2009 in poland. the incidence rate was 0.85 per 100 000 inhabitants. in this year 288 cases of intestinal yersiniosis and 38 cases of extraintensinal yersiniosis were notified. there were no deaths could be due to infection with yersinia. about 76% of patients were hospitalized. the most common clinical symptoms of intestinal yersiniosis cases were diarrhea (86%), high temperature (79%), abdominal pain (42%) and vomiting (37%). the most ...201121913466
expression of signal transduction system encoding genes of yersinia pseudotuberculosis ip32953 at 28°c and 3°c.yersinia pseudotuberculosis is a significant psychrotrophic food pathogen whose cold tolerance mechanisms are poorly understood. signal transduction systems serve to monitor the environment, but no systematic investigation of their role at cold temperatures in y. pseudotuberculosis has yet been undertaken. the relative expression levels of 54 genes predicted to encode proteins belonging to signal transduction systems in y. pseudotuberculosis ip32953 were determined at 28°c and 3°c by quantitativ ...201121949852
Population structure of the Yersinia pseudotuberculosis complex according to multilocus sequence typing.Multilocus sequence analysis of 417 strains of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis revealed that it is a complex of four populations, three of which have been previously assigned species status [Y. pseudotuberculosis sensu stricto (s.s.), Yersinia pestis and Yersinia similis] and a fourth population, which we refer to as the Korean group, which may be in the process of speciation. We detected clear signs of recombination within Y. pseudotuberculosis s.s. as well as imports from Y. similis and the Korean ...201121951486
PhoP and OxyR transcriptional regulators contribute to Yersinia pestis virulence and survival within Galleria mellonella.The virulence of Yersinia pestis KIM6+ was compared with multiple isolates of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia enterocolitica toward larvae of the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella. Although Y. pestis and Y. pseudotuberculosis were able to cause lethal infection in G. mellonella, these species appeared less virulent than the majority of Y. enterocolitica strains tested. Y. pestis survived primarily within hemocytes of G. mellonella, and induced a strong antibacterial peptide response ...201121964409
impact of the n-terminal secretor domain on yopd translocator function in yersinia pseudotuberculosis type iii secretion.type iii secretion systems (t3sss) secrete needle components, pore-forming translocators, and the translocated effectors. in part, effector recognition by a t3ss involves their n-terminal amino acids and their 5' mrna. to investigate whether similar molecular constraints influence translocator secretion, we scrutinized this region within yopd from yersinia pseudotuberculosis. mutations in the 5' end of yopd that resulted in specific disruption of the mrna sequence did not affect yopd secretion. ...201121965570
Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Distribution of ß-Lactamase A (blaA) and ß-Lactamase B (blaB) Genes in Enteropathogenic Yersinia Species.One hundred eighty-six strains of enteropathogenic Yersinia (Y.) enterocolitica of bioserotypes 2/O:5,27, 2/O:9, 3/O:3, and 4/O:3 and 12 strains of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis of bioserotypes 1/O:1, 1/O:2, and 2/O:1 from different human (feces) and nonhuman (pig, pork, wild boar, monkey, chinchilla, mara, capybara, salad) sources collected in the years 1995-2009 were examined. Antimicrobial resistance patterns for 12 antimicrobial agents were generated using broth microdilution. The presence and ...201121970627
the outer membrane protein a (ompa) of yersinia pestis promotes intracellular survival and virulence in mice.the plague bacterium yersinia pestis has a number of well-described strategies to protect itself from both host cells and soluble factors. in an effort to identify additional anti-host factors, we employed a transposon site hybridization (trash)-based approach to screen 10(5)y. pestis mutants in an in vitro infection system. in addition to loci encoding various components of the well-characterized type iii secretion system (t3ss), our screen unambiguously identified ompa as a pro-survival gene. ...201222023991
disease transmission from companion parrots to dogs and cats: what is the real risk?a number of common misconceptions exist regarding the degree of transmission from companion parrots to dogs and cats. concern regarding bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic transmission is generally unfounded, because disease transmission between companion parrots and dogs and cats is not well-documented. infections with mycobacterium spp, aspergillus spp, giardia spp, chlamydophila psittaci, salmonella spp, yersinia pseudotuberculosis, cryptococcus neoformans, histoplasma capsulatum, cryptos ...201122041215
a protective epitope in type iii effector yope is a major cd8 t cell antigen during primary infection with yersinia pseudotuberculosis.virulence in human-pathogenic yersinia species is associated with a plasmid-encoded type iii secretion system that translocates a set of yop effector proteins into host cells. one effector, yope, functions as a rho gtpase-activating protein (gap). in addition to acting as a virulence factor, yope can function as a protective antigen. c57bl/6 mice infected with attenuated yersinia pestis generate a dominant h2-k(b)-restricted cd8 t cell response to an epitope in the n-terminal domain of yope (yop ...201222064714
cytotoxic necrotizing factors (cnfs)-a growing toxin family.the escherichia coli cytotoxic necrotizing factors, cnf1, cnf2, cnf3 and cnfy from yersinia pseudotuberculosis belong to a family of deamidating toxins. cnfs deamidate glutamine 63/61 in the switch ii region of rho gtpases that is essential for gtp hydrolysing activity. deamidation leads to constitutive activation of rho gtpases. however, cellular mechanisms like proteasomal degradation of the activated rho proteins restrict the action of the gtpases. this review describes the differences betwee ...201122069550
Effects of orange juice pH on survival, urease activity and DNA profiles of Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis stored at 4 degree C.The objective of this study was to determine the survival, growth rate and possible cellular adaptation mechanisms of Y. pseudotuberculosis and Y. enterocolitica in orange juice under different pH conditions. Yersinia was inoculated in orange juice with adjusted pH levels of 3.9, 4.0, and 7.0 and stored at 4 C for 3, 24, 72 and 168 hours (h). The inter-and intra-species variation is significant to the pH and time of incubation variables (p<0.05). At 3.9 pH the CFU (colony forming units) count de ...201122081735
the effects of parenteral iron dextran and/or desferrioxamine on the development of experimental pseudotuberculosis in the domestic chicken (gallus domesticus).abstract the development of disease following oral challenge with yersinia pseudotuberculosis (serotype 11) was compared in four groups of five birds treated with a parenteral dose of 10 mg iron dextran (imferon), 10 mg of iron dextran plus 10 mg of the chelating agent desferrioxamine (desferal), 10 mg of desferrioxamine or 10 mg of dextran 2 days before the experiment. four groups of two birds received the above treatment regimens but no bacterial challenge. in iron dextran treated birds, ora ...199422133154
rna helicase csda is needed for growth of yersinia pseudotuberculosis ip32953 at low temperature.the expression of csda, encoding an rna helicase, was induced at 3°c in yersinia pseudotuberculosis. the role of csda in y. pseudotuberculosis at cold was confirmed by impaired growth of insertional csda mutants at 3°c. the results suggest csda is central for y. pseudotuberculosis survival in the chilled food chain.201122156424
In vivo-induced InvA-like autotransporters Ifp and InvC of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis promote interactions with intestinal epithelial cells and contribute to virulence.The Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Ifp and InvC molecules are putative autotransporter proteins with a high homology to the invasin (InvA) protein. In order to characterize the function of these surface proteins we expressed both factors in Escherichia coli K-12 and demonstrated attachment of Ifp- and InvC-expressing bacteria to human-, mouse- and pig-derived intestinal epithelial cells. Ifp was also found to mediate microcolony formation and internalization into polarized human enterocytes. The if ...201122158741
Development of Phage-Based Single Chain Fv Antibody Reagents for Detection of Yersinia pestis.Most Yersinia pestis strains are known to express a capsule-like antigen, fraction 1 (F1)(.) F1 is encoded by the caf1 gene located on the large 100-kb pFra plasmid, which is found in Y. pestis but not in closely related species such as Yersinia enterocolytica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. In order to find antibodies specifically binding to Y. pestis we screened a large single chain Fv antibody fragment (scFv) phage display library using purified F1 antigen as a selection target. Different fo ...201122174746
haemophilia-associated yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype o:1 septicaemia: the role of iron.septicaemia and septic arthritis due to yersinia pseudotuberculosis are rare diseases with high mortality rates. reactive arthritis caused by yersinia infection is a well-known complication but septic arthritis is found at a much lower frequency. it has already been established that there is a relationship between yersiniosis and iron but there are currently no data about yersiniosis and haematological disorders such as haemophilia. we report a case of septic arthritis due to y. pseudotuberculos ...201222184209
cloning, expression and characterization of the recombinant yersinia pseudotuberculosisl-asparaginase.we have cloned ansb (yptb1411) gene from yersinia pseudotuberculosis q66cj2 and constructed stable inducible expression system that overproduce l-asparaginase from y. pseudotuberculosis (ypa) in escherichiacoli bl21 (de3) cells. for purification of ypa we used q-sepharose and deae-toyopearl column chromatography. we examined kinetics of the enzyme reaction, catalytic activity as a function of ph, temperature and ionic strength, thermostability and other enzyme properties. biochemical properties ...201122226870
terminal ileitis caused by yersinia pseudotuberculosis mimicking crohn disease in childhood. 201222228001
nlrc4 inflammasomes in dendritic cells regulate noncognate effector function by memory cd8(+) t cells.memory t cells exert antigen-independent effector functions, but how these responses are regulated is unclear. we discovered an in vivo link between flagellin-induced nlrc4 inflammasome activation in splenic dendritic cells (dcs) and host protective interferon-γ (ifn-γ) secretion by noncognate memory cd8(+) t cells, which could be activated by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, yersinia pseudotuberculosis and pseudomonas aeruginosa. we show that cd8α(+) dcs were particularly efficient at s ...201222231517
pathogenetic role of yersinia pseudotuberculosis endotoxin in hemostasis and microcirculation disturbances.we studied the role of y. pseudotuberculosis endotoxin (lps) in the pathogenesis of hemostasis and microcirculation disorders. it was found that changes in the hemostasis system after injection of lps had biphasic character corresponding to the stages of dic syndrome development. pathomorphological findings in animals with endotoxemia induced by y. pseudotuberculosis lps attested to increased permeability and destruction of the vascular endothelium in the microcirculatory bed and focal degenerat ...201122235399
the influence of monogalactosyldiacylglycerols from different marine macrophytes on immunogenicity and conformation of protein antigen of tubular immunostimulating complex.the tubular immunostimulating complex (ti-complex) is a novel nanoparticulate antigen delivery system consisting of cholesterol, triterpene glycoside cucumarioside a(2)-2, and glycolipid monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (mgdg) isolated from marine macrophytes. mgdg is crucial for the formation of a lipid matrix for the protein antigen incorporated in ti-complexes. fatty acid composition and the physical state of this glycolipid depend on the taxonomic position of marine macrophytes. therefore, the a ...201222269933
revision of the o-polysaccharide structure of yersinia pseudotuberculosis o:1a; confirmation of the function of wbym as paratosyltransferase.an o-polysaccharide was isolated by mild acid degradation at ph 4.5 of the long-chain lipopolysaccharide of yersinia pseudotuberculosis pb1 (serotype o:1a) and studied using 2d nmr spectroscopy. it was found to contain two uncommon monosaccharides: paratose (3,6-dideoxy-d-ribo-hexose, par) in the furanose form and 6-deoxy-d-manno-heptose (d-6dmanhep). the following structure of a branched tetrasaccharide repeat (o-unit) with a disaccharide side chain was established: this structure is at varianc ...201122269980
design and characterization of novel hybrid antimicrobial peptides based on cecropin a, ll-37 and magainin ii.antimicrobial peptides (amps) are a naturally occurring component of the innate immune response of many organisms and can have activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial species. in order to optimize and improve the direct antimicrobial effect of amps against a broad spectrum of bacterial species, novel synthetic hybrids were rationally designed from cecropin a, ll-37 and magainin ii. amps were selected based on their α-helical secondary structure and fragments of these were ...201222289499
pulmonary infection by yersinia pestis rapidly establishes a permissive environment for microbial proliferation.disease progression of primary pneumonic plague is biphasic, consisting of a preinflammatory and a proinflammatory phase. during the long preinflammatory phase, bacteria replicate to high levels, seemingly uninhibited by normal pulmonary defenses. in a coinfection model of pneumonic plague, it appears that yersinia pestis quickly creates a localized, dominant anti-inflammatory state that allows for the survival and rapid growth of both itself and normally avirulent organisms. yersinia pseudotube ...201222308352
[effect of phenol on yersinia pseudotuberculosis bacteria cultivated in various media].study of bactericidal effect of phenol on yersinia pseudotuberculosis produced in various nutrient media. materials and methods: bacteria were produced in nutrient broth (nb) and nb with glucose (nb+glu) or galactose (nb+gal) at 8 degrees c. effect of phenol on bacteria was evaluated by changes in optical density of suspension and quantity of viable cells, and by staining of cells with ethidium bromide. lipids were analyzed by thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography, gas-liquid- chromatography- ...201122308732
toxin-induced rhoa activity mediates ccl1-triggered signal transducers and activators of transcription protein signaling.rhoa is reportedly involved in signal transducers and activators of transcription (stat)-dependent transcription. however, the pathway connecting the gtpase and stat signaling has not been characterized. here, we made use of bacterial toxins, which directly activate rho gtpases to analyze this pathway. cytotoxic necrotizing factors (cnfs) are produced by pathogenic escherichia coli strains and by yersinia pseudotuberculosis. they activate small gtpases of the rho family by deamidation of a gluta ...201222311973
the csr/rsm system of yersinia and related pathogens: a post-transcriptional strategy for managing virulence.this review emphasizes the function and regulation of the csr regulatory system in the human enteropathogen yersinia pseudotuberculosis and compares its features with the homologous csr/rsm systems of related pathogens. the csr/rsm systems of eubacteria form a complex regulatory network in which redundant non-translated csr/rsm-rnas bind the rna-binding protein csra/rsma, thereby preventing its interaction with mrna targets. the csr system is controlled by the bara/uvry-type of two-component sen ...201222336760
yersinia entry into host cells requires rab5-dependent dephosphorylation of pi(4,5)p₂ and membrane scission.some bacteria invade host cells by triggering a process akin to phagocytosis. we analyzed the mechanisms underlying invasion vacuole formation by the bacterium yersinia pseudotuberculosis. after engaging integrins on host cells, yersinia resided in pi(4,5)p₂-rich, membrane-bound compartments called "prevacuoles" that were inaccessible to extracellular antibodies but remained connected to the plasma membrane. the scission of prevacuoles to form separate, sealed compartments coincided with and req ...201222341461
an encapsulated yersinia pseudotuberculosis is a highly efficient vaccine against pneumonic plague.plague is still a public health problem in the world and is re-emerging, but no efficient vaccine is available. we previously reported that oral inoculation of a live attenuated yersinia pseudotuberculosis, the recent ancestor of yersinia pestis, provided protection against bubonic plague. however, the strain poorly protected against pneumonic plague, the most deadly and contagious form of the disease, and was not genetically defined.201222348169
yersinia pestis lineages in mongolia.whole genome sequencing allowed the development of a number of high resolution sequence based typing tools for yersinia (y.) pestis. the application of these methods on isolates from most known foci worldwide and in particular from china and the former soviet union has dramatically improved our understanding of the population structure of this species. in the current view, y. pestis including the non or moderate human pathogen y. pestis subspecies microtus emerged from yersinia pseudotuberculosi ...201222363455
plague in the genomic area.with plague being not only a subject of interest for historians, but still a disease of public health concern in several countries, mainly in africa, there were hopes that analyses of the yersinia pestis genomes would put an end to this deadly epidemic pathogen. genomics revealed that y. pestis isolates evolved from yersinia pseudotuberculosis in central asia some millennia ago, after the acquisition of two y. pestis-specific plasmids balanced genomic reduction parallel with the expansion of ins ...201222369155
structural characterisation of tpx from yersinia pseudotuberculosis reveals insights into the binding of salicylidene acylhydrazide compounds.thiol peroxidase, tpx, has been shown to be a target protein of the salicylidene acylhydrazide class of antivirulence compounds. in this study we present the crystal structures of tpx from y. pseudotuberculosis (yptpx) in the oxidised and reduced states, together with the structure of the c61s mutant. the structures solved are consistent with previously solved atypical 2-cys thiol peroxidases, including that for "forced" reduced states using the c61s mutant. in addition, by investigating the sol ...201222384182
yersinia--flea interactions and the evolution of the arthropod-borne transmission route of plague.yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, is unique among the enteric group of gram-negative bacteria in relying on a blood-feeding insect for transmission. the yersinia-flea interactions that enable plague transmission cycles have had profound historical consequences as manifested by human plague pandemics. the arthropod-borne transmission route was a radical ecologic change from the food-borne and water-borne transmission route of yersinia pseudotuberculosis, from which y. pestis diverge ...201222406208
a natural system of chromosome transfer in yersinia pseudotuberculosis.the high pathogenicity island of yersinia pseudotuberculosis ip32637 was previously shown to be horizontally transferable as part of a large chromosomal segment. we demonstrate here that at low temperature other chromosomal loci, as well as a non-mobilizable plasmid (puc4k), are also transferable. this transfer, designated gdt4 (generalized dna transfer at 4°c), required the presence of an ip32637 endogenous plasmid (pgdt4) that carries several mobile genetic elements and a conjugation machinery ...201222412380
small non-coding rna srag regulates the operon ypk_1206-1205 in yersinia pseudotuberculosis.small non-coding rnas (srnas) are important post-transcriptional regulators in prokaryotes and have been demonstrated to participate in most of the cellular processes. srag is an srna found in several enterobacterial species, but its targets have not been characterized. here, we compared the protein expression patterns between the wild-type and an srag-depleted mutant of yersinia pseudotuberculosis by proteomic analysis. sixteen proteins were up- or downregulated, and the negative regulatory rol ...201222428705
growth of yersinia enterocolitica and y. pseudotuberculosis in yersinia selective enrichment broth according to ossmer.the growth of yersinia enterocolitica and yersinia pseudotuberculosis in yersinia enrichment broth according to ossmer (yseo) was investigated. y. enterocolitica reached a higher concentration than y. pseudotuberculosis but both always exceeded 10(6)cfu/ml. the medium may be useful for the detection of both species in foods.201222450139
functional recruitment of the human complement inhibitor c4bp to yersinia pseudotuberculosis outer membrane protein ail.ail is a 17-kda chromosomally encoded outer membrane protein that mediates serum resistance (complement resistance) in the pathogenic yersiniae (yersinia pestis, y. enterocolitica, and y. pseudotuberculosis). in this article, we demonstrate that y. pseudotuberculosis ail from strains pb1, 2812/79, and ypiii/pib1 (serotypes o:1a, o:1b, and o:3, respectively) can bind the inhibitor of the classical and lectin pathways of complement, c4b-binding protein (c4bp). binding was observed irrespective of ...201222467648
novel genomic tools for specific and real-time detection of biothreat and frequently encountered foodborne pathogens.the bacterial genera escherichia, salmonella, shigella, vibrio, yersinia, and francisella include important food safety and biothreat agents. by extensive mining of the whole genome and protein databases of diverse, closely and distantly related bacterial species and strains, we have identified novel genome regions, which we utilized to develop a rapid detection platform for these pathogens. the specific genomic targets we have identified to design the primers in francisella tularensis subsp. tu ...201222488053
fdec, a novel broadly conserved escherichia coli adhesin eliciting protection against urinary tract infections.the increasing antibiotic resistance of pathogenic escherichia coli species and the absence of a pan-protective vaccine pose major health concerns. we recently identified, by subtractive reverse vaccinology, nine escherichia coli antigens that protect mice from sepsis. in this study, we characterized one of them, ecok1_0290, named fdec (factor adherence e. coli) for its ability to mediate e. coli adhesion to mammalian cells and extracellular matrix. this adhesive propensity was consistent with t ...201222496310
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