Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| analysis of covariance patterns in gene expression data and ft-ir spectra. | the aim of this study was to detect and interpret correlation patterns in several large data matrices from the same biological system using partial least squares regression (plsr) in order to get information on the system under investigation. to do this, dna microarray data and fourier transform infrared (ft-ir) spectra from a designed study where campylobacter jejuni was exposed to environmental stress conditions, were used. the experimental design included variation in atmospheric conditions, ... | 2006 | 16310875 |
| characterization of point mutations in the cdta gene of the cytolethal distending toxin of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. | the cdt is a family of gram-negative bacterial toxins that typically arrest eukaryotic cells in the g0/g1 or g2/m phase of the cell cycle. the toxin is a heterotrimer composed of the cdta, cdtb and cdtc gene products. although it has been shown that the cdta protein subunit binds to cells in culture and in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (celisa) the precise mechanisms by which cdta interacts with cdtb and cdtc has not yet been clarified. in this study we employed a random mutagenesis strat ... | 2005 | 16313618 |
| identification of unusual bacterial glycosylation by tandem mass spectrometry analyses of intact proteins. | the characterization of protein glycosylation can be a complex and time-consuming procedure, especially for prokaryote o-linked glycoproteins, which often comprise unusual oligosaccharide structures with no known glycosylation motif. in this report, we describe a "top-down" approach that provides information on the extent of glycosylation, the molecular masses, and the structure of oligosaccharide residues on bacterial flagella, important structural proteins involved in the motility of pathogeni ... | 2005 | 16316188 |
| most campylobacter subtypes from sporadic infections can be found in retail poultry products and food animals. | the subtypes of campylobacter isolates from human infections in two danish counties were compared to isolates from retail food samples and faecal samples from chickens, pigs and cattle. during a 1-year period, 1285 campylobacter isolates from these sources were typed by two methods: 'penner' heat-stable serotyping and automated ribotyping (riboprinting). c. jejuni was the dominating species, but c. coli was more prevalent among food and chicken isolates (16%) compared to human isolates (4%). in ... | 2006 | 16316490 |
| infections associated with cantaloupe consumption: a public health concern. | fresh produce is an important part of a healthy diet and is consumed in greater quantity in the united states than ever before. consumption of cantaloupe has recently been associated with several large outbreaks of infections in north america, highlighting the need for a better understanding of practices and processes that may contribute to contamination. we reviewed all cantaloupe-associated outbreaks that were reported to the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) and published in th ... | 2006 | 16318654 |
| an investigation of the molecular mechanisms contributing to high-level erythromycin resistance in campylobacter. | the molecular mechanisms contributing to high-level erythromycin resistance in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates were investigated. the a2075g mutation in the 23s rrna target genes was identified in all high-level erythromycin-resistant isolates. a number of amino acid substitutions together with insertions and deletions were identified in the corresponding genes encoding l4 and l22 ribosomal proteins both of resistant and susceptible isolates. amino acid substitutions identif ... | 2006 | 16318913 |
| luxs-dependent gene regulation in escherichia coli k-12 revealed by genomic expression profiling. | the bacterial quorum-sensing autoinducer 2 (ai-2) has received intense interest because the gene for its synthase, luxs, is common among a large number of bacterial species. we have identified luxs-controlled genes in escherichia coli under two different growth conditions using dna microarrays. twenty-three genes were affected by luxs deletion in the presence of glucose, and 63 genes were influenced by luxs deletion in the absence of glucose. minimal overlap among these gene sets suggests the ro ... | 2005 | 16321939 |
| host resistance to primary and secondary campylobacter jejuni infections in c57bl/6 mice. | campylobacter jejuni has been known as a main causative agent of human enterocolitis for more than 30 years. this has prompted the research on defence mechanisms of the host involved. although the humoral immune response to c. jejuni has been addressed in many studies, relatively little is known about the role of t lymphocytes in campylobacteriosis. the current study was based on in vivo t-cell subsets depletion to evaluate the role of cd4+ and cd8+ t lymphocytes in disseminated c. jejuni infect ... | 2006 | 16324818 |
| genomic comparison of plant pathogenic and nonpathogenic serratia marcescens strains by suppressive subtractive hybridization. | cucurbit yellow vine disease (cyvd) is caused by disease-associated serratia marcescens strains that have phenotypes significantly different from those of nonphytopathogenic strains. to identify the genetic differences responsible for pathogenicity-related phenotypes, we used a suppressive subtractive hybridization (ssh) strategy. s. marcescens strain z01-a, isolated from cyvd-affected zucchini, was used as the tester, whereas rice endophytic s. marcescens strain r02-a (irbg 502) was used as the ... | 2005 | 16332744 |
| signature-tagged transposon mutagenesis studies demonstrate the dynamic nature of cecal colonization of 2-week-old chickens by campylobacter jejuni. | we have constructed plasmids to be used for in vitro signature-tagged mutagenesis (stm) of campylobacter jejuni and used these to generate stm libraries in three different strains. statistical analysis of the transposon insertion sites in the c. jejuni nctc 11168 chromosome and the plasmids of strain 81-176 indicated that their distribution was not uniform. visual inspection of the distribution suggested that deviation from uniformity was not due to preferential integration of the transposon int ... | 2005 | 16332783 |
| growth and multiplexed analysis of microorganisms on a subdivided, highly porous, inorganic chip manufactured from anopore. | a highly porous inorganic material (anopore) was shown to be an effective support for culturing and imaging a wide range of microorganisms. an inert barrier grid was printed on the rigid surface of anopore to create a "living chip" of 336 miniaturized compartments (200/cm2) with broad applications in microbial culture. | 2005 | 16332904 |
| comparison of two target genes for detection and genotyping of giardia lamblia in human feces by pcr and pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism. | a pcr assay targeting the tpi gene was developed to detect and to genotype giardia lamblia in human feces. our assay was specific and discriminated between g. lamblia assemblages a and b. g. lamblia cysts isolated from human feces were also analyzed with two previously described pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) assays, which are based on the detection of tpi or gdh genes. these rflp analyses distinguished groups i and ii within assemblage a or groups iii and iv within assembla ... | 2005 | 16333079 |
| noroviruses as a cause of traveler's diarrhea among students from the united states visiting mexico. | stool specimens from 124 international travelers with acute diarrhea were tested for the presence of enteropathogens. noroviruses (novs) were the second most commonly identified enteric pathogen in diarrheal stool samples (21/124, 17%), exceeded only by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (50/106, 47%). this study indicates that nov is an underappreciated cause of traveler's diarrhea. | 2005 | 16333110 |
| broth microdilution susceptibility testing of campylobacter jejuni and the determination of quality control ranges for fourteen antimicrobial agents. | quality control ranges were developed for broth microdilution testing of campylobacter jejuni atcc 33560 against 14 antimicrobials. cation-adjusted mueller-hinton broth containing 2.5% laked horse blood was the preferred medium, with incubation in a microaerobic atmosphere of 10% co(2), 5% o(2), and 85% n(2) at 36 degrees c for 48 h or 42 degrees c for 24 h. | 2005 | 16333113 |
| facts and ideas from anywhere. | 2002 | 16333418 | |
| facts and ideas from anywhere. | 2002 | 16333443 | |
| isolation of dna for pcr assays from noncultivable campylobacter jejuni isolates. | isolates of campylobacter jejuni shipped internationally often arrive in a noncultivable state. we describe a pcr-based methodology whereby phylogenetic information can be recovered from noncultivable c. jejuni stored in wang's transport medium. the robustness of this methodology was initially tested using 5 previously characterized strains of c. jejuni isolated from various sources associated with poultry production. these isolates were stored in wang's transport medium before being subjected t ... | 2005 | 16335120 |
| alternative sigma factors and their roles in bacterial virulence. | sigma factors provide promoter recognition specificity to rna polymerase holoenzyme, contribute to dna strand separation, and then dissociate from the core enzyme following transcription initiation. as the regulon of a single sigma factor can be composed of hundreds of genes, sigma factors can provide effective mechanisms for simultaneously regulating expression of large numbers of prokaryotic genes. one newly emerging field is identification of the specific roles of alternative sigma factors in ... | 2005 | 16339734 |
| comparative genomic analyses of the bacterial phosphotransferase system. | we report analyses of 202 fully sequenced genomes for homologues of known protein constituents of the bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (pts). these included 174 bacterial, 19 archaeal, and 9 eukaryotic genomes. homologues of pts proteins were not identified in archaea or eukaryotes, showing that the horizontal transfer of genes encoding pts proteins has not occurred between the three domains of life. of the 174 bacterial genomes (136 bacterial species) analyzed, ... | 2005 | 16339738 |
| a truncated haemoglobin implicated in oxygen metabolism by the microaerophilic food-borne pathogen campylobacter jejuni. | of the three groups of haemoglobins identified in micro-organisms (single-domain globins, flavohaemoglobins and truncated globins), the last group is the least well understood. the function of the truncated haemoglobin (ctb) encoded by cj0465c in the microaerophilic food-borne bacterial pathogen campylobacter jejuni was investigated by constructing a ctb mutant and characterizing its phenotype. the effects of the ctb mutation on the kinetics of terminal oxidase function in c. jejuni were investi ... | 2005 | 16339953 |
| molecular mimicry: sensitization of lewis rats with campylobacter jejuni lipopolysaccharides induces formation of antibody toward gd3 ganglioside. | recently we have reported cases of demyelinating inflammatory neuropathy showing elevated titers of anti-gd3 antibodies, which occurs rarely in guillain-barré syndrome. to examine the correlation between the anti-gd3 antibody titer and campylobacter jejuni infection, we sensitized female lewis rats with lipopolysaccharides (lpss) from serotype hs19 of c. jejuni and examined changes in nerve conduction velocity and nerve conduction block (p/d ratio). after 16 weeks of sensitization, animals revea ... | 2006 | 16342208 |
| direct polymerase chain reaction detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in raw milk and dairy products. | [this corrects the article on p. 2161 in vol. 59.]. | 1993 | 16349140 |
| effect of temperature on adhesion of vibrio strain ak-1 to oculina patagonica and on coral bleaching. | laboratory aquarium experiments demonstrated that vibrio strain ak-1 caused rapid and extensive bleaching of the coral oculina patagonica at 29 degrees c, slower and less-complete bleaching at 23 degrees c, and no bleaching at 16 degrees c. at 29 degrees c, the application of approximately 100 vibrio strain ak-1 cells directly onto the coral caused 50 and 83% bleaching after 10 and 20 days, respectively. at 16 degrees c, there was no bleaching, even with an initial inoculum of 1.2 x 10 bacteria. ... | 1998 | 16349542 |
| comparative and functional genomic analysis of prokaryotic nickel and cobalt uptake transporters: evidence for a novel group of atp-binding cassette transporters. | the transition metals nickel and cobalt, essential components of many enzymes, are taken up by specific transport systems of several different types. we integrated in silico and in vivo methods for the analysis of various protein families containing both nickel and cobalt transport systems in prokaryotes. for functional annotation of genes, we used two comparative genomic approaches: identification of regulatory signals and analysis of the genomic positions of genes encoding candidate nickel/cob ... | 2006 | 16352848 |
| campylobacter in food animals and humans in northern thailand. | cross-sectional, longitudinal, and case-control studies were conducted to describe the epidemiology of campylobacter in chickens, swine, dairy cows, farm workers, nonfarm residents, and children with diarrhea. samples were collected in chiang mai and lamphung provinces of northern thailand from 2000 through 2003. a total of 2,360 samples were processed. results from the cross-sectional study indicated that the prevalences of campylobacter in chickens at the farm, slaughterhouse, and market were ... | 2005 | 16355821 |
| evaluation of detection methods for screening meat and poultry products for the presence of foodborne pathogens. | rapid and molecular technologies such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), pcr, and lateral flow immunoprecipitation can reduce the time and labor involved in screening food products for the presence of pathogens. these technologies were compared with conventional culture methodology for the detection of salmonella, campylobacter, listeria, and escherichia coli o157:h7 inoculated in raw and processed meat and poultry products. recommended protocols were modified so that the same enrichm ... | 2005 | 16355836 |
| chemoenzymatic synthesis of glycopeptides with pglb, a bacterial oligosaccharyl transferase from campylobacter jejuni. | the gram-negative bacterium campylobacter jejuni has a general n-linked glycosylation pathway encoded by the pgl gene cluster. one of the proteins in this cluster, pgib, is thought to be the oligosaccharyl transferase due to its significant homology to stt3p, a subunit of the yeast oligosaccharyl transferase complex. pgib has been shown to be involved in catalyzing the transfer of an undecaprenyl-linked heptasaccharide to the asparagine side chain of proteins at the asn-x-ser/thr motif. using a ... | 2005 | 16356848 |
| characterization of a cmeabc operon in a quinolone-resistant campylobacter coli isolate of irish origin. | in this study, a tripartite-operon-encoding efflux system together with its regulatory gene was characterized in an irish campylobacter coli isolate cit-382 showing high-level resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin. sequence comparisons revealed significant homology between c. coli and the cmeabc operon of campylobacter jejuni. conservation of functional sequence domains and motifs were noted among c. coli and similar operons in unrelated organisms. a transcriptional regulatory gene cmer ... | 2005 | 16359189 |
| emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance in campylobacter jejuni in chickens exposed to enrofloxacin treatment at the inherent dosage licensed in japan. | the objective of the present study was to determine whether selection of fluoroquinolone resistance could be easily induced in campylobacter jejuni-colonized chickens by treatment with enrofloxacin of representative fluoroquinolones at the inherent dosage licensed in japan (50 ppm in drinking water for 3 days). in the case of isolates from chickens of study 1, an increase in the population of susceptible isolates appeared after the cessation of treatment and maintained throughout the experiments ... | 2005 | 16364022 |
| is campylobacter involved in antibiotic associated diarrhoea? | campylobacter jejuni is an important cause of acute bacterial diarrhoea. in developing countries like india, children gain immunity early during infancy. however, the incidence is higher in non-immune hosts. antibiotic use destabilizes the gut flora and can inhibit the local immune responses, thereby compromising resistance to a variety of infections. it is not yet known whether antibiotic intake can also precipitate c. jejuni enteritis as the infectious dose is low and attack rates are high. we ... | 2005 | 16366118 |
| [symptoms of food-borne diseases and gastroenteritis in kyushu, japan]. | in this study we analyzed the symptoms of gastroenteritis or food-borne disease caused by the 10 most prevalent pathogens: norovirus, salmonella, vibrio parahaemolyticus, campylobacter jejuni, clostridium perfringens, shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec), enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec), shigella sonnei/flexneri (shigella), staphylococcus aureus, and emetic-type bacillus cereus. the symptoms diarrhea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain, and headache, and the incubation period in 646 cases i ... | 2005 | 16366357 |
| heterologous production in wolinella succinogenes and characterization of the quinol:fumarate reductase enzymes from helicobacter pylori and campylobacter jejuni. | the epsilon-proteobacteria helicobacter pylori and campylobacter jejuni are both human pathogens. they colonize mucosal surfaces causing severe diseases. the membrane protein complex qfr (quinol:fumarate reductase) from h. pylori has previously been established as a potential drug target, and the same is likely for the qfr from c. jejuni. in the present paper, we describe the cloning of the qfr operons from the two pathogenic bacteria h. pylori and c. jejuni and their expression in wolinella suc ... | 2006 | 16367742 |
| an adolescent with pharyngeal-cervical-brachial variant of guillain-barré syndrome after cytomegalovirus infection. | a 15-year-old japanese girl developed bulbar palsy and upper limb-dominant muscle weakness 2 weeks after the onset of an upper respiratory tract infection due to cytomegalovirus (cmv). her symptoms resembled that seen in the pharyngeal-cervical-brachial variant (pcb) of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). although bulbar palsy usually continues for several months in pcb, her bulbar palsy was very mild and improved rapidly before intravenous immunoglobulin therapy was instituted. serum anti-gt1a igg a ... | 2006 | 16368212 |
| role of sphingolipids in microbial pathogenesis. | 2006 | 16368954 | |
| identification and characterization of the capsular polysaccharide (k-antigen) locus of porphyromonas gingivalis. | capsular polysaccharides of gram-negative bacteria play an important role in maintaining the structural integrity of the cell in hostile environments and, because of their diversity within a given species, can act as useful taxonomic aids. in order to characterize the genetic locus for capsule biosynthesis in the oral gram-negative bacterium porphyromonas gingivalis, we analyzed the genome of p. gingivalis w83 which revealed two candidate loci at pg0106-pg0120 and pg1135-pg1142 with sufficient c ... | 2006 | 16369001 |
| a sigma28-regulated nonflagella gene contributes to virulence of campylobacter jejuni 81-176. | a campylobacter jejuni 81-176 mutant in cj0977 was fully motile but reduced >3 logs compared to the parent in invasion of intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. the mutant was also attenuated in a ferret diarrheal disease model. expression of cj0977 protein was dependent on a minimal flagella structure. | 2006 | 16369037 |
| new world monkey aotus nancymae as a model for campylobacter jejuni infection and immunity. | three groups of six monkeys (aotus nancymae) each were inoculated intragastrically with increasing doses of campylobacter jejuni. infection resulted in fecal colonization (100% of monkeys), dose-related diarrhea, and robust immune responses. colonization duration and diarrhea rate were reduced upon secondary challenge. a. nancymae may be useful for studying anti-campylobacter vaccine efficacy. | 2006 | 16369042 |
| immunopathological investigations on bovine digital epidermitis. | paraffin-embedded fragments of bovine digital skin lesions were sectioned and stained with warthin-starry, haematoxylin and eosin, grocott's methenamine silver and immunohistochemical techniques. microorganisms observed in the silver-stained sections were classified into four major morphological groups. spirochaetes were the most prevalent organisms, but bacillary and coccoid elements were also present in most sections. immunohistochemical probing demonstrated that approximately 80 per cent, 46 ... | 2005 | 16377788 |
| the tmrdb and srpdb resources. | maintained at the university of texas health science center at tyler, texas, the tmrna database (tmrdb) is accessible at the url http://psyche.uthct.edu/dbs/tmrdb/tmrdb.html with mirror sites located at auburn university, auburn, alabama (http://www.ag.auburn.edu/mirror/tmrdb/) and the royal veterinary and agricultural university, denmark (http://tmrdb.kvl.dk/). the signal recognition particle database (srpdb) at http://psyche.uthct.edu/dbs/srpdb/srpdb.html is mirrored at http://srpdb.kvl.dk/ an ... | 2006 | 16381838 |
| the tmrdb and srpdb resources. | maintained at the university of texas health science center at tyler, texas, the tmrna database (tmrdb) is accessible at the url http://psyche.uthct.edu/dbs/tmrdb/tmrdb.html with mirror sites located at auburn university, auburn, alabama (http://www.ag.auburn.edu/mirror/tmrdb/) and the royal veterinary and agricultural university, denmark (http://tmrdb.kvl.dk/). the signal recognition particle database (srpdb) at http://psyche.uthct.edu/dbs/srpdb/srpdb.html is mirrored at http://srpdb.kvl.dk/ an ... | 2006 | 16381838 |
| xbase, a collection of online databases for bacterial comparative genomics. | the schema of the previously described escherischia coli database colibase has been applied to a number of other bacterial taxa, under the collective name xbase. the new databases include campydb for campylobacter, helicobacter and wolinella; pseudodb for pseudomonads; clostridb for clostridia; rhizodb for rhizobium and sinorhizobium; and mycodb, for mycobacterium, streptomyces and related organisms. the databases provide user friendly access to annotation and genome comparisons through a web-ba ... | 2006 | 16381881 |
| xbase, a collection of online databases for bacterial comparative genomics. | the schema of the previously described escherischia coli database colibase has been applied to a number of other bacterial taxa, under the collective name xbase. the new databases include campydb for campylobacter, helicobacter and wolinella; pseudodb for pseudomonads; clostridb for clostridia; rhizodb for rhizobium and sinorhizobium; and mycodb, for mycobacterium, streptomyces and related organisms. the databases provide user friendly access to annotation and genome comparisons through a web-ba ... | 2006 | 16381881 |
| polar flagellum biogenesis in aeromonas hydrophila. | mesophilic aeromonas spp. constitutively express a single polar flagellum that helps the bacteria move to more favorable environments and is an important virulence and colonization factor. certain strains can also produce multiple lateral flagella in semisolid media or over surfaces. we have previously reported 16 genes (flgn to flgl) that constitute region 1 of the aeromonas hydrophila ah-3 polar flagellum biogenesis gene clusters. we identified 39 new polar flagellum genes distributed in four ... | 2006 | 16385045 |
| the genome sequence of methanosphaera stadtmanae reveals why this human intestinal archaeon is restricted to methanol and h2 for methane formation and atp synthesis. | methanosphaera stadtmanae has the most restricted energy metabolism of all methanogenic archaea. this human intestinal inhabitant can generate methane only by reduction of methanol with h2 and is dependent on acetate as a carbon source. we report here the genome sequence of m. stadtmanae, which was found to be composed of 1,767,403 bp with an average g+c content of 28% and to harbor only 1,534 protein-encoding sequences (cds). the genome lacks 37 cds present in the genomes of all other methanoge ... | 2006 | 16385054 |
| identification of host-associated alleles by multilocus sequence typing of campylobacter coli strains from food animals. | campylobacter coli is a food-borne pathogen associated increasingly with human gastroenteritis. c. coli has a high prevalence in swine, but is isolated also from cattle and poultry. multilocus sequence typing (mlst) systems have been developed to differentiate c. coli strains. although substantial allelic diversity was identified across all seven c. coli mlst loci, no correlations were made in two previous studies between allele or sequence type (st) and the source of the organism. however, this ... | 2006 | 16385134 |
| pathogens and parasites: strategies and challenges. | the threat of emerging infections grows with the swelling tide of the human population and the continued disregard for the health of the environment. one of our most urgent challenges in public health is to understand the evolution and natural history of pathogens and parasites and how a sudden shift in virulence or in targeted host population may occur without warning. viruses call for especially close watching. they are mostly genes and have mastered the art of manipulating other genes. some a ... | 2000 | 16389321 |
| multilocus sequence typing of porphyromonas gingivalis strains from different geographic origins. | porphyromonas gingivalis is an important periodontal pathogen that can be isolated from both active and inactive periodontal lesions. apparently, differences in virulence between p. gingivalis strains exist, but the mechanisms underlying these differences are not yet fully understood. to obtain more information about pathogenicity and virulence of p. gingivalis, it is relevant to assess the genetic population structure of the species and to examine the occurrence of putative virulence factors ag ... | 2006 | 16390944 |
| diagnostic oligonucleotide microarray fingerprinting of bacillus isolates. | a genome-independent microarray and new statistical techniques were used to genotype bacillus strains and quantitatively compare dna fingerprints with the known taxonomy of the genus. a synthetic dna standard was used to understand process level variability and lead to recommended standard operating procedures for microbial forensics and clinical diagnostics. | 2006 | 16390982 |
| quantification of campylobacter species cross-contamination during handling of contaminated fresh chicken parts in kitchens. | numerous outbreak investigations and case-control studies for campylobacteriosis have provided evidence that handling campylobacter-contaminated chicken products is a risk factor for infection and illness. there is currently extremely limited quantitative data on the levels of campylobacter cross-contamination in the kitchen, hindering risk assessments for the pathogen commodity combination of campylobacter and chicken meat. an exposure assessment needs to quantify the transfer of the bacteria f ... | 2006 | 16391026 |
| stable concentrated emulsions of the 1-monoglyceride of capric acid (monocaprin) with microbicidal activities against the food-borne bacteria campylobacter jejuni, salmonella spp., and escherichia coli. | of 11 fatty acids and monoglycerides tested against campylobacter jejuni, the 1-monoglyceride of capric acid (monocaprin) was the most active in killing the bacterium. various monocaprin-in-water emulsions were prepared which were stable after storage at room temperature for many months and which retained their microbicidal activity. a procedure was developed to manufacture up to 500 ml of 200 mm preconcentrated emulsions of monocaprin in tap water. the concentrates were clear and remained stabl ... | 2006 | 16391087 |
| sources of campylobacter spp. colonizing housed broiler flocks during rearing. | the study aimed to identify sources of campylobacter in 10 housed broiler flocks from three united kingdom poultry companies. samples from (i) the breeder flocks, which supplied the broilers, (ii) cleaned and disinfected houses prior to chick placement, (iii) the chickens, and (iv) the environments inside and outside the broiler houses during rearing were examined. samples were collected at frequent intervals and examined for campylobacter spp. characterization of the isolates using multilocus s ... | 2006 | 16391102 |
| replication and long-term persistence of bovine and human strains of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis within acanthamoeba polyphaga. | free-living protists are ubiquitous in the environment and form a potential reservoir for the persistence of animal and human pathogens. mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the cause of johne's disease, a systemic infection accompanied by chronic inflammation of the intestine that affects many animals, including primates. most humans with crohn's disease are infected with this chronic enteric pathogen. subclinical infection with m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis is widespread in domest ... | 2006 | 16391127 |
| heat resistance and mechanism of heat inactivation in thermophilic campylobacters. | the heat resistance of campylobacter jejuni strains ar6 and l51 and the heat resistance of campylobacter coli strains dr4 and l6 were measured over the temperature range from 50 to 60 degrees c by two methods. isothermal measurements yielded d55 values in the range from 4.6 to 6.6 min and z values in the range from 5.5 to 6.3 degrees c. dynamic measurements using differential scanning calorimetry (dsc) during heating at a rate of 10 degrees c/min yielded d55 values of 2.5 min and 3.4 min and z v ... | 2006 | 16391133 |
| prevalence of four virulence genes in campylobacter jejuni determined by pcr and sequence analysis. | the presence of four virulence genes (racr, wlan, cgtb, virb11) in 356 campylobacter jejuni strains isolated from confirmed clinical cases was examined by pcr and sequence analysis. the investigated genes were chosen on the basis of their variation in prevalence. | 2005 | 16392901 |
| delving deeper into malt lymphoma biology. | mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (malt) lymphomas can arise in a variety of extranodal sites. interestingly, at least 3 different, apparently site-specific, chromosomal translocations, all affecting the nf-kappab pathway, have been implicated in the development and progression of malt lymphoma. the most common is the translocation t(11;18)(q21;q21), which results in a fusion of the ciap2 region on chromosome 11q21 with the malt1 gene on chromosome 18q21 and is present in more than one-third of ... | 2006 | 16395399 |
| screening of feral pigeon (colomba livia), mallard (anas platyrhynchos) and graylag goose (anser anser) populations for campylobacter spp., salmonella spp., avian influenza virus and avian paramyxovirus. | a total of 119 fresh faecal samples were collected from graylag geese migrating northwards in april. also, cloacal swabs were taken from 100 carcasses of graylag geese shot during the hunting season in august. in addition, samples were taken from 200 feral pigeons and five mallards. the cultivation of bacteria detected campylobacter jejuni jejuni in six of the pigeons, and in one of the mallards. salmonella diarizona 14: k: z53 was detected in one graylag goose, while all pigeons and mallards we ... | 2005 | 16398331 |
| backbone 1h, 15n, and 13c resonance assignments and secondary-structure of conserved hypothetical protein hp0894 from helicobacter pylori. | hp0894 (swissprot/trembl id o25554) is an 88-residue conserved hypothetical protein from helicobacter pylori strain 26695 with a calculated pi of 8.5 and a molecular weight of 10.38 kda. proteins with sequence similarity to hp0894 exist in vibrio choierae, enterococcus faecalis, campylobacter jejuni, streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, escherichia coli o157, etc. here we report the sequence-specific backbone resonance assignments of hp0894. about 97.5% (418/429) of the hn, n, co, c ... | 2005 | 16404162 |
| recovery of campylobacter jejuni in feces and semen of caged broiler breeder roosters following three routes of inoculation. | we previously reported the recovery of campylobacter (naturally colonized) from the ductus deferens of 5 of 101 broiler breeder roosters, and four of those five positive roosters had previously produced campylobacter-positive semen samples. those results prompted further evaluation to determine if inoculation route influenced the prevalence or level of campylobacter contamination of semen, the digestive tract, or reproductive organs. individually caged roosters, confirmed to be feces and semen n ... | 2005 | 16405002 |
| comparison of campylobacter isolated from humans and food-producing animals in japan. | to compare the antimicrobial resistance, serotypes and flagellin gene types of campylobacter isolated from humans and food-producing animals and thereby facilitate elucidation of the origin of campylobacter causing human infection in japan. | 2006 | 16405695 |
| genetic characterization and antibiotic resistance of campylobacter spp. isolated from poultry and humans in senegal. | the main objectives of this study were to investigate the diversity of campylobacter genotypes circulating in senegal and to determine the frequency of antibiotic resistance. | 2006 | 16405702 |
| temperature dependence of reported campylobacter infection in england, 1989-1999. | campylobacter is the most common bacterial cause of gastroenteritis in england and wales, with 45000 cases reported annually. campylobacter incidence is highly seasonal; the consistent peak in late spring suggests a role for meteorological factors in the epidemiology of this organism. we investigated the relationship between ambient temperature and campylobacter enteritis using time-series analysis to study short-term associations between temperature and number of campylobacter reports adjusted ... | 2006 | 16409658 |
| temperature dependence of reported campylobacter infection in england, 1989-1999. | campylobacter is the most common bacterial cause of gastroenteritis in england and wales, with 45000 cases reported annually. campylobacter incidence is highly seasonal; the consistent peak in late spring suggests a role for meteorological factors in the epidemiology of this organism. we investigated the relationship between ambient temperature and campylobacter enteritis using time-series analysis to study short-term associations between temperature and number of campylobacter reports adjusted ... | 2006 | 16409658 |
| antimicrobial resistance in campylobacter jejuni from humans and broilers in norway. | in this study comprising isolates from 2001 to 2003, resistance was considerably more widespread among campylobacter jejuni from humans infected abroad than infected within norway. the discrepancy was particularly notable for fluoroquinolone resistance (67.4% vs. 6.5%). this is probably a reflection of a low resistance prevalence in norwegian broiler isolates (1.2% fluoroquinolone resistant). | 2006 | 16409659 |
| antimicrobial resistance among campylobacter jejuni isolated from raw poultry meat at retail level in denmark. | campylobacter jejuni isolated from raw poultry meat collected at retail shops in denmark in the period 1996-2003 were tested for susceptibility to seven antimicrobial agents. the food samples consisted of raw chicken meat and other raw poultry meat of domestic or imported origin. the highest levels of resistance among c. jejuni were observed for tetracycline, nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin, whereas macrolide resistance was rarely detected. c. jejuni originating from other poultry meat (mainly ... | 2006 | 16410028 |
| spatial analysis of campylobacter infection in the canadian province of manitoba. | the study describes population level variations in campylobacter incidence within the canadian province of manitoba, and the relationship to sociodemographic and landscape related characteristics. using data derived from the manitoba health public health branch communicable disease surveillance database, the study applied a number of spatial and ecological techniques to visualize, explore and model campylobacter incidence for the years 1996 to 2004. analytical techniques used in the study includ ... | 2006 | 16412246 |
| antibiotic resistance of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from hog, beef, and chicken carcass samples from provincially inspected abattoirs in ontario. | campylobacterjejuni is one of the most common causes of bacterial foodborne infection in the united states, and there are reports of resistance of campylobacter spp. to antimicrobial agents used for the treatment of gastroenteritis. the purpose of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns of campylobacter spp. isolated from hog, beef, and chicken carcasses from provincially inspected abattoirs in ontario. the agar dilution method was performed to measure antimicrobial res ... | 2006 | 16416896 |
| campylobacter contamination during poultry slaughter in belgium. | the relation between internal carriage and surface contamination with thermophilic campylobacter species in broilers was examined by molecular typing methods. samples from 39 flocks were collected in three belgian poultry slaughterhouses. from each flock, crop swabs before slaughter and intestines and neck skins during slaughter were collected. a total of 309 isolates were identified at species level and further characterized by flagellin gene a pcr/restriction fragment length polymorphism and p ... | 2006 | 16416897 |
| epidemiology of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli infections in the zenica--doboj canton, bosnia and herzegovina--a laboratory based surveillance in the 1999-2001 period. | previous studies in the zenica--doboj canton, bosnia and herzegovina, indicated some different epidemiological features of campylobacter infections and high degree of antimicrobial resistance. therefore, it was important to investigate epidemiology of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli infections by demographic features and antimicrobial resistance in the 1999-2001 period. a total number of 40 (75.5%) c. jejuni and 13 (24.5%) c. coli non-repeated clinical isolates were analyzed. more th ... | 2005 | 16417178 |
| prospects for vaccine prevention of meningococcal infection. | neisseria meningitidis is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in the united states and worldwide. a serogroup a/c/w-135/y polysaccharide meningococcal vaccine has been licensed in the united states since 1981 but has not been used universally outside of the military. on 14 january 2005, a polysaccharide conjugate vaccine that covers meningococcal serogroups a, c, w-135, and y was licensed in the united states for 11- to 55-year-olds and is now recommended for the routine immunization of ad ... | 2006 | 16418528 |
| publication bias in foodborne outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease and its implications for evidence-based food policy. england and wales 1992-2003. | systematic national surveillance of outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease (iid) was introduced in england and wales in 1992 to provide comprehensive information on causative organisms, sources or vehicles of infection and modes of transmission. we compared information from this system with that published in the peer-reviewed literature between 1 january 1992 and 31 january 2003 to assess the potential effect of publication bias on food-safety policy. during the study period 1763 foodborne o ... | 2006 | 16420723 |
| a case of overlapping bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis and guillain-barré syndrome. | there is no report on bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis (bbe) patients in china. we here report the first case of bbe in china. | 2006 | 16421970 |
| detection of cdta, cdtb, and cdtc genes in campylobacter jejuni by multiplex pcr. | a multiplex pcr was developed for simultaneous detection of the cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) genes of campylobacter jejuni. three primer pairs targeting each one of the cdta, cdtb and cdtc genes were designed and combined in the same pcr reaction. the assay was evaluated with 100 c. jejuni strains recovered from humans and animals and it was found to be rapid and specific. two isolates presented several deletions affecting both cdta and cdtb genes. high prevalence (98%) of the three cdt gen ... | 2006 | 16423686 |
| comprehensive analysis of bacterial risk factors for the development of guillain-barre syndrome after campylobacter jejuni enteritis. | guillain-barre syndrome (gbs), a postinfectious autoimmune-mediated neuropathy, is a serious complication after campylobacter jejuni enteritis. | 2006 | 16425134 |
| signal transduction events involved in human epithelial cell invasion by campylobacter jejuni 81-176. | analyses of invasive enteric bacteria (e.g. shigella, salmonella, listeria, and campylobacter) have shown that these pathogens initiate orchestrated signal transduction cascades in host cells leading to host cytoskeletal rearrangements that result in bacterial uptake. this current study was specifically aimed at examining the involvement of host membrane caveolae and certain protein kinases in epithelial cell invasion by c. jejuni strain 81-176, for which we have previously characterized the kin ... | 2006 | 16426812 |
| analysis of the lateral flagellar gene system of aeromonas hydrophila ah-3. | mesophilic aeromonas strains express a polar flagellum in all culture conditions, and certain strains produce lateral flagella on semisolid media or on surfaces. although aeromonas lateral flagella have been described as a colonization factor, little is known about their organization and expression. here we characterized the complete lateral flagellar gene cluster of aeromonas hydrophila ah-3 containing 38 genes, 9 of which (lafa-u) have been reported previously. among the flgll and lafa structu ... | 2006 | 16428388 |
| functional and topological characterization of novel components of the comb dna transformation competence system in helicobacter pylori. | helicobacter pylori is one of the most diverse bacterial species known. a rational basis for this genetic variation may be provided by its natural competence for genetic transformation and high-frequency recombination. many bacterial competence systems have homology with proteins that are involved in the assembly of type iv pili and type ii secretion systems. in h. pylori, dna uptake relies on a transport system related to type iv secretion systems (t4ss) designated the comb system. the prototyp ... | 2006 | 16428391 |
| peptidoglycan o acetylation and autolysin profile of enterococcus faecalis in the viable but nonculturable state. | the o acetylation of peptidoglycan occurs specifically at the c-6 hydroxyl group of muramoyl residues. using a combination of high-performance liquid chromatography-based organic acid analysis and carbohydrate analysis by high-ph anion-exchange chromatography, we determined that strains of entercoccus durans, e. faecalis, e. faecium, and e. hirae produce o-acetylated peptidoglycan. the levels of o acetylation ranged from 19% to 72% relative to the muramic acid content, and they were found to var ... | 2006 | 16428393 |
| function and evolution of plasmid-borne genes for pyrimidine biosynthesis in borrelia spp. | the thyx gene for thymidylate synthase of the lyme borreliosis (lb) agent borrelia burgdorferi is located in a 54-kb linear plasmid. in the present study, we identified an orthologous thymidylate synthase gene in the relapsing fever (rf) agent borrelia hermsii, located it in a 180-kb linear plasmid, and demonstrated its expression. the functions of the b. hermsii and b. burgdorferi thyx gene products were evaluated both in vivo, by complementation of a thymidylate synthase-deficient escherichia ... | 2006 | 16428394 |
| activation of toll-like receptor 9 by dna from different bacterial species. | toll-like receptor 9 (tlr-9) recognizes unmethylated cpg dinucleotides which are abundant in prokaryotic dna and yet are rare in eukaryotic dna. little is known about the significance of tlr-9 in terms of recognition of different bacterial dna species. in this study hek293 cells stably transfected with human tlr-9 were used to analyze the immunostimulatory properties of 15 bacterial dna preparations. in addition, bacterial genome data were analyzed for the frequency of unmethylated cytosine-guan ... | 2006 | 16428738 |
| exchange of lipooligosaccharide synthesis genes creates potential guillain-barre syndrome-inducible strains of campylobacter jejuni. | human ganglioside-like structures, such as gm1, found on some campylobacter jejuni strains have been linked to inducing the guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). this study shows that a c. jejuni strain without gm1-like molecules acquired large dna fragments, including lipooligosaccharide synthesis genes, from a strain expressing gm1-like molecules and consequently transformed into a number of potential gbs-inducible transformants, which exhibited a high degree of genetic and phenotypic diversity. | 2006 | 16428786 |
| phenon cluster analysis as a method to investigate epidemiological relatedness between sources of campylobacter jejuni. | to develop a method for assessing the relative epidemiological significance of possible infection sources for human campylobacteriosis. | 2006 | 16430508 |
| blast screening of chlamydial genomes to identify signature proteins that are unique for the chlamydiales, chlamydiaceae, chlamydophila and chlamydia groups of species. | chlamydiae species are of much importance from a clinical viewpoint. their diversity both in terms of their numbers as well as clinical involvement are presently believed to be significantly underestimated. the obligate intracellular nature of chlamydiae has also limited their genetic and biochemical studies. thus, it is of importance to develop additional means for their identification and characterization. | 2006 | 16436211 |
| australian multicentre comparison of subtyping methods for the investigation of campylobacter infection. | in order to identify subtyping methods able to contribute to the surveillance or investigation of australian campylobacter infection, six genotypic and three phenotypic subtyping methods were evaluated on a collection of 84 clinical isolates collected over a 30-month period from one region in australia. the aim was to compare the logistics of various subtyping methods and examine their ability to assist in finding outbreaks or common sources of sporadic infection. the genotypic subtyping methods ... | 2006 | 16436218 |
| biofilm formation in campylobacter jejuni. | the major gastrointestinal pathogen campylobacter jejuni is shown to exist as three forms of monospecies biofilm in liquid culture. it attaches to a glass surface; forms an unattached aggregate (floc); and forms a pellicle at the liquid-gas interface. the three forms of biofilm resemble each other when examined by scanning electron microscopy. the biofilm mode of growth confers protection against environmental stress, the microaerobic bacteria in flocs surviving up to 24 days at ambient temperat ... | 2006 | 16436427 |
| transcriptional and translational expression patterns associated with immobilized growth of campylobacter jejuni. | although campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of food-borne illness, little is known about the mechanisms by which this pathogen mediates prolonged environmental survival or host cell virulence. although these behaviours represent distinct phenotypes, they share a common requirement of an immobilized state. in order to understand the cellular mechanisms that facilitate a surface-associated lifestyle, transcriptional and translational expression profiles were determined for sessile and plankto ... | 2006 | 16436444 |
| distribution of tetracycline resistance genes in actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolates from spain. | actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is the etiological agent of porcine pleuropneumonia. tetracycline is used for therapy of this disease, and a. pleuropneumoniae carrying the tet(b) gene, coding for an efflux protein that reduces the intercellular tetracycline level, has been described previously. of the 46 tetracycline-resistant (tc(r)) spanish a. pleuropneumoniae isolates used in this study, 32 (70%) carried the tet(b) gene, and 30 of these genes were associated with plasmids. eight (17%) isolate ... | 2006 | 16436729 |
| antimicrobial susceptibilities of campylobacter jejuni isolates from poultry from alberta, canada. | one hundred four isolates of campylobacter jejuni from poultry in alberta, canada, collected during 2001 were tested for resistance to 10 antimicrobial agents using agar dilution. this study provides a baseline of resistance profiles and the mechanisms of resistance observed in c. jejuni in poultry from alberta, canada. | 2006 | 16436744 |
| hierarchical clustering algorithm for comprehensive orthologous-domain classification in multiple genomes. | ortholog identification is a crucial first step in comparative genomics. here, we present a rapid method of ortholog grouping which is effective enough to allow the comparison of many genomes simultaneously. the method takes as input all-against-all similarity data and classifies genes based on the traditional hierarchical clustering algorithm upgma. in the course of clustering, the method detects domain fusion or fission events, and splits clusters into domains if required. the subsequent proce ... | 2006 | 16436801 |
| lymphocytic colitis: a clue to bacterial etiology. | to find out the role of bacteria as a possible etiological factor in lymphocytic colitis. | 2005 | 16437626 |
| detection and identification of intestinal pathogenic bacteria by hybridization to oligonucleotide microarrays. | to detect the common intestinal pathogenic bacteria quickly and accurately. | 2005 | 16437687 |
| development of a real-time nasba assay for the detection of campylobacter jejuni cells. | the objectives of this study were the development of a real-time nasba assay for the detection of campylobacter jejuni mrna and the evaluation of its potential to determine the viability of the detected c. jejuni cells. a set of specific primers and probes was chosen to amplify the mrna of the tuf-gene and the gtpase-gene. only the tuf-assay was able to detect as low as 10(2) cells per nasba reaction and was specific for campylobacter. however, as the assay was able to detect dead cells, it cann ... | 2006 | 16443295 |
| application of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to identify potential outbreaks of campylobacteriosis in new zealand. | since 2002, new zealand's incidence of campylobacteriosis has exceeded 300 cases per 100,000 people per annum. to evaluate genetic variation in human isolates, 183 campylobacter isolates were collected from a single clinical laboratory in christchurch: 77 during an 8-week period in spring, and the rest 3 months later over a second 8-week period in autumn. isolates were identified to the species level and subtyped using penner serotyping (campylobacter jejuni only) and pulsed-field gel electropho ... | 2006 | 16455892 |
| antimicrobial resistance of escherichia coli isolates from broiler chickens and humans. | antimicrobial usage is considered the most important factor promoting the emergence, selection and dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms in both veterinary and human medicine. the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and genetic basis of tetracycline resistance in faecal escherichia coli isolates from healthy broiler chickens and compare these data with isolates obtained from hospitalized patients in jamaica. | 2006 | 16460561 |
| natural transformation-mediated transfer of erythromycin resistance in campylobacter coli strains from turkeys and swine. | erythromycin resistance in campylobacter coli from meat animals is frequently encountered and could represent a substantial barrier to antibiotic treatment of human infections. erythromycin resistance in this organism has been associated with a point mutation (a2075g) in the 23s rrna gene. however, the mechanisms responsible for possible dissemination of erythromycin resistance in c. coli remain poorly understood. in this study, we investigated transformation-mediated acquisition of erythromycin ... | 2006 | 16461682 |
| first insights into the evolution of streptococcus uberis: a multilocus sequence typing scheme that enables investigation of its population biology. | intramammary infection with streptococcus uberis is a common cause of bovine mastitis throughout the world. several procedures to differentiate s. uberis isolates have been proposed. however, all are prone to interlaboratory variation, and none is suitable for the description of the population structure. we describe here the development of a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) scheme for s. uberis to help address these issues. the sequences of seven housekeeping gene fragments from each of 160 uni ... | 2006 | 16461695 |
| sensor molecules in intestinal innate immunity against bacterial infections. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (nod)-containing proteins are innate immune sensors for microbial signature molecules. this review highlights new insights into the functions of these sensors in intestinal physiology. | 2006 | 16462163 |
| efficacy of electrolyzed water in the prevention and removal of fecal material attachment and its microbicidal effectiveness during simulated industrial poultry processing. | this study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of alkaline and acidic electrolyzed (eo) water in preventing and removing fecal contaminants and killing campylobacter jejuni on poultry carcasses under simulated industrial processing conditions. new york dressed and defeathered chicken carcasses spot-inoculated with cecal material or c. jejuni were subjected to spraying treatment with alkaline eo or 10% trisodium phosphate (tsp) water or combinations of spraying and immersion treatments wit ... | 2005 | 16463977 |
| cdna microarray screening in food safety. | the cdna microarray technology and related bioinformatics tools presents a wide range of novel application opportunities. the technology may be productively applied to address food safety. in this mini-review article, we present an update highlighting the late breaking discoveries that demonstrate the vitality of cdna microarray technology as a tool to analyze food safety with reference to microbial pathogens and genetically modified foods. in order to bring the microarray technology to mainstre ... | 2006 | 16466843 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of campylobacter jejuni sheep abortion isolates. | campylobacter species are a significant cause of sheep abortion in most sheep-raising countries. in new zealand, campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus is the leading cause of diagnosed sheep abortion and the species c. jejuni and c. coli have also been implicated. to date, strain typing information of c. jejuni sheep abortion isolates is limited. the objective of the present study was to genotype c. jejuni isolates cultured from sheep abortions submitted to diagnostic laboratories in new zealand duri ... | 2006 | 16472946 |
| visualizing bacterial trna identity determinants and antideterminants using function logos and inverse function logos. | sequence logos are stacked bar graphs that generalize the notion of consensus sequence. they employ entropy statistics very effectively to display variation in a structural alignment of sequences of a common function, while emphasizing its over-represented features. yet sequence logos cannot display features that distinguish functional subclasses within a structurally related superfamily nor do they display under-represented features. we introduce two extensions to address these needs: function ... | 2006 | 16473848 |