Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| variation in grain arsenic assessed in a diverse panel of rice (oryza sativa) grown in multiple sites. | • inorganic arsenic (as(i) ) in rice (oryza sativa) grains is a possible threat to human health, with risk being strongly linked to total dietary rice consumption and consumed rice as(i) content. this study aimed to identify the range and stability of genetic variation in grain arsenic (as) in rice. • six field trials were conducted (one each in bangladesh and china, two in arkansas, usa over 2 yr, and two in texas, usa comparing flooded and nonflood treatments) on a large number of common rice ... | 2011 | 22142234 |
| rna-dependent rna polymerase 6 of rice (oryza sativa) plays role in host defense against negative-strand rna virus, rice stripe virus. | rna-dependent rna polymerases (rdrs) from fungi, plants and some invertebrate animals play fundamental roles in antiviral defense. here, we investigated the role of rdr6 in the defense of economically important rice plants against a negative-strand rna virus (rice stripe virus, rsv) that causes enormous crop damage. in three independent transgenic lines (osrdr6as line a, b and c) in which osrdr6 transcription levels were reduced by 70-80% through antisense silencing, the infection and disease sy ... | 2011 | 22142475 |
| oshsfa2c and oshsfb4b are involved in the transcriptional regulation of cytoplasmic osclpb (hsp100) gene in rice (oryza sativa l.). | clpb-cytoplasmic (clpb-cyt)/hsp100 is an important chaperone protein in rice. cellular expression of osclpb-cyt transcript is governed by heat stress, metal stress, and developmental cues. transgenic rice plants produced with 2 kb osclpb-cyt promoter driving gus reporter gene showed heat- and metal-regulated gus expression in vegetative tissues and constitutive gus expression in calli, flowering tissues, and embryonal half of seeds. rice seedlings regenerated with osclpb-cyt promoter fragment wi ... | 2011 | 22147560 |
| divergent evolution of oxidosqualene cyclases in plants. | triterpenes are one of the largest classes of plant metabolites and have important functions. a diverse array of triterpenoid skeletons are synthesized via the isoprenoid pathway by enzymatic cyclization of 2,3-oxidosqualene. the genomes of the lower plants chlamydomonas reinhardtii and moss (physcomitrella patens) contain just one oxidosqualene cyclase (osc) gene (for sterol biosynthesis), whereas the genomes of higher plants contain nine to 16 osc genes. here we carry out functional analysis o ... | 2012 | 22150097 |
| genetic evidence for natural product-mediated plant-plant allelopathy in rice (oryza sativa). | • there is controversy as to whether specific natural products play a role in directly mediating antagonistic plant-plant interactions - that is, allelopathy. if proved to exist, such phenomena would hold considerable promise for agronomic improvement of staple food crops such as rice (oryza sativa). • however, while substantiated by the presence of phytotoxic compounds at potentially relevant concentrations, demonstrating a direct role for specific natural products in allelopathy has been diffi ... | 2012 | 22150231 |
| massive analysis of rice small rnas: mechanistic implications of regulated micrornas and variants for differential target rna cleavage. | small rnas have a variety of important roles in plant development, stress responses, and other processes. they exert their influence by guiding mrna cleavage, translational repression, and chromatin modification. to identify previously unknown rice (oryza sativa) micrornas (mirnas) and those regulated by environmental stress, 62 small rna libraries were constructed from rice plants and used for deep sequencing with illumina technology. the libraries represent several tissues from control plants ... | 2011 | 22158467 |
| a ccch-type zinc finger nucleic acid-binding protein quantitatively confers resistance against rice bacterial blight disease. | bacterial blight is a devastating disease of rice caused by xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (xoo). zinc finger proteins harboring the motif with three conserved cysteine residues and one histidine residue (ccch) belong to a large family. although at least 67 ccch-type zinc finger protein genes have been identified in the rice genome, their functions are poorly understood. here we report that one of the rice ccch-type zinc finger proteins, c3h12, containing five typical cx8-cx5-cx3-h zinc finger mo ... | 2011 | 22158700 |
| Low-affinity cation transporter (OsLCT1) regulates cadmium transport into rice grains. | Accumulation of cadmium (Cd) in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains poses a potential health problem, especially in Asia. Most Cd in rice grains accumulates through phloem transport, but the molecular mechanism of this transport has not been revealed. In this study, we identified a rice Cd transporter, OsLCT1, involved in Cd transport to the grains. OsLCT1-GFP was localized at the plasma membrane in plant cells, and OsLCT1 showed Cd efflux activity in yeast. In rice plants, strong OsLCT1 expression wa ... | 2011 | 22160725 |
| identification of wa-type three-line hybrid rice with real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method. | a real-time fluorescent pcr (rtf-pcr) was developed to detect and quantify wild abortive (wa)-type three-line hybrid rice (oryza sativa l.). the mitochondrial r₂₋₆₃₀ wa gene was reported to be closely related to male sterility in plants, and developed as a molecular maker to identify the cytoplasmic male sterility system of hybrid rice. first, we got the dna sequence of r₂₋₆₃₀ wa gene in 17 rice species with traditional pcr. then, a pair of specific primers (p₃, p₄) and taqman fluorescence probe ... | 2012 | 22161239 |
| enac1, a nac transcription factor, is an early and transient response regulator induced by abiotic stress in rice (oryza sativa l.). | the plant-specific nac (nam, ataf, and cuc)-domain proteins play important roles in plant development and stress responses. in this research, a full-length cdna named enac1 (early nac-domain protein induced by abiotic stress 1) was isolated from rice. enac1 possess one nac domain in the n-terminus. comparative time-course expression analysis indicated that enac1 expression, similar with osdreb1a, was induced very quickly by various abiotic stresses including salt, drought, cold, and exogenous ab ... | 2011 | 22161313 |
| population structure and genetic diversity in a rice core collection (oryza sativa l.) investigated with ssr markers. | the assessment of genetic diversity and population structure of a core collection would benefit to make use of these germplasm as well as applying them in association mapping. the objective of this study were to (1) examine the population structure of a rice core collection; (2) investigate the genetic diversity within and among subgroups of the rice core collection; (3) identify the extent of linkage disequilibrium (ld) of the rice core collection. a rice core collection consisting of 150 varie ... | 2011 | 22164211 |
| modes of gene duplication contribute differently to genetic novelty and redundancy, but show parallels across divergent angiosperms. | both single gene and whole genome duplications (wgd) have recurred in angiosperm evolution. however, the evolutionary effects of different modes of gene duplication, especially regarding their contributions to genetic novelty or redundancy, have been inadequately explored. | 2011 | 22164235 |
| phylogenetic analysis and classification of the brassica rapa set-domain protein family. | the set (su(var)3-9, enhancer-of-zeste, trithorax) domain is an evolutionarily conserved sequence of approximately 130-150 amino acids, and constitutes the catalytic site of lysine methyltransferases (kmts). kmts perform many crucial biological functions via histone methylation of chromatin. histone methylation marks are interpreted differently depending on the histone type (i.e. h3 or h4), the lysine position (e.g. h3k4, h3k9, h3k27, h3k36 or h4k20) and the number of added methyl groups (i.e. m ... | 2011 | 22168908 |
| investigation of the mechanism of uptake and accumulation of zwitterionic tetracyclines by rice (oryza sativa l.). | the uptake and accumulation of organic contaminants by plants can be detrimental to the plant itself as well as consumers. tetracycline antibiotics are present at trace levels in soil and water. under typical environmental conditions, they exist as zwitterions. comparatively little is known of their uptake and accumulation by plants, or the mechanism by which this occurs. to examine this, rice (oryza sativa l.) was employed, together with a static diffusion cell equipped with a cellulose membran ... | 2012 | 22169227 |
| eukaryotic class ii cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer photolyase structure reveals basis for improved ultraviolet tolerance in plants. | ozone depletion increases terrestrial solar ultraviolet b (uv-b; 280-315 nm) radiation, intensifying the risks plants face from dna damage, especially covalent cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (cpd). without efficient repair, uv-b destroys genetic integrity, but plant breeding creates rice cultivars with more robust photolyase (phr) dna repair activity as an environmental adaptation. so improved strains of oryza sativa (rice), the staple food for asia, have expanded rice cultivation worldwide. effi ... | 2012 | 22170053 |
| domestic wastewater treatment by a constructed wetland system planted with rice. | the experiments were conducted in four concrete laboratory scale free water surface constructed wetland units 1 m wide, 1.5 m long and 0.8 m deep. paddy field soil was added to a depth of 0.4 m and rice seedlings (oryza sativa l.) were transplanted into the units at a density of 25 plants/m(2). domestic wastewater collected from chiang mai university was applied into each unit via two different modes to evaluate suitable conditions for wastewater treatment and rice yield. in the first experiment ... | 2011 | 22170830 |
| a new screening technique for salinity resistance in rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings using bypass flow. | a lack of screening techniques delays progress in research on salinity resistance in rice. in this study, we report our test of the hypothesis that an apoplastic pathway (the so-called bypass flow) causes a difference in salt resistance between rice genotypes and can be used in screening for salinity resistance. fourteen-day-old seedlings of low- and high-na(+) -transporting recombinant inbred lines (10 of each) of rice ir55178 were treated with 50 mm nacl and 0.2 mm trisodium-8-hydroxy-1,3,6-py ... | 2012 | 22171658 |
| identification of cis-acting promoter elements in cold- and dehydration-induced transcriptional pathways in arabidopsis, rice, and soybean. | the genomes of three plants, arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), rice (oryza sativa), and soybean (glycine max), have been sequenced, and their many genes and promoters have been predicted. in arabidopsis, cis-acting promoter elements involved in cold- and dehydration-responsive gene expression have been extensively analysed; however, the characteristics of such cis-acting promoter sequences in cold- and dehydration-inducible genes of rice and soybean remain to be clarified. in this study, we pe ... | 2012 | 22184637 |
| bZIP transcription factor OsbZIP52/RISBZ5: a potential negative regulator of cold and drought stress response in rice. | OsbZIP52/RISBZ5 is a member of the basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor (TF) family in rice (Oryza sativa) isolated from rice (Zhonghua11) panicles. Expression of the OsbZIP52 gene was strongly induced by low temperature (4°C) but not by drought, PEG, salt, or ABA. The subcellular localization of OsbZIP52-GFP in onion (Allium cepa) epidermis cells revealed that OsbZIP52 is a nuclear localized protein. A transactivation assay in yeast demonstrated that OsbZIP52 functions as a transcri ... | 2011 | 22189955 |
| Differential responses of antioxidative defense system to prolonged salinity stress in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive Indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. | The present investigation evaluated the ability of an antioxidative defense system in terms of the tolerance against salinity-induced oxidative stress and also explored a possible relationship between the status of the components of an antioxidative defense system and the salt tolerance in Indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes. When the seedlings of a salt-sensitive cultivar was grown in sand cultures containing different NaCl concentrations (7 and 14 dS m(-1)) for 5-20 days, a substantial inc ... | 2011 | 22194018 |
| evolution of microrna genes in oryza sativa and arabidopsis thaliana: an update of the inverted duplication model. | the origin and evolution of microrna (mirna) genes, which are of significance in tuning and buffering gene expressions in a number of critical cellular processes, have long attracted evolutionary biologists. however, genome-wide perspectives on their origins, potential mechanisms of their de novo generation and subsequent evolution remain largely unsolved in flowering plants. here, genome-wide analyses of oryza sativa and arabidopsis thaliana revealed apparently divergent patterns of mirna gene ... | 2011 | 22194805 |
| agro-morphological characterization of a population of introgression lines derived from crosses between ir 64 (oryza sativa indica) and tog 5681 (oryza glaberrima) for drought tolerance. | the study evaluated effects of drought on some agro-morphological traits of 60 rice genotypes comprising 54 introgression lines with their parents, ir 64 (oryza sativa) and tog 5681 (oryza glaberrima) and four nerica-l varieties developed from the same parents for comparison. the genotypes were subjected either to full irrigation from sowing to maturity (control) or to 21-day drought applied by stopping irrigation from the 45th day after sowing (das) onward (drought) in the dry seasons of 2006 a ... | 2012 | 22195579 |
| functional complementation of dwf4 mutants of arabidopsis by overexpression of cyp724a1. | an essential step in the biosynthesis of bioactive brassinosteroids (brs) in plants is the hydroxylation at c-22, a reaction catalyzed by p450 enzymes of the cyp90b and cyp724b subfamilies. genes for both types of enzymes are present in many species, and in rice (oryza sativa) and tomato (solanum lycopersicum) both cyp90b and cyp724b enzymes contribute to c-22 hydroxylation. in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), c-22 hydroxylation of brs is catalyzed by cyp90b1 (encoded by dwf4) and null dwf4 m ... | 2012 | 22196800 |
| parent-of-origin effects on gene expression and dna methylation in the maize endosperm. | imprinting describes the differential expression of alleles based on their parent of origin. deep sequencing of rnas from maize (zea mays) endosperm and embryo tissue 14 d after pollination was used to identify imprinted genes among a set of ~12,000 genes that were expressed and contained sequence polymorphisms between the b73 and mo17 genotypes. the analysis of parent-of-origin patterns of expression resulted in the identification of 100 putative imprinted genes in maize endosperm, including 54 ... | 2011 | 22198147 |
| mapping qtls for plant phenology and production traits using indica rice (oryza sativa l.) lines adapted to rainfed environment. | drought is a major abiotic stress limiting rice production and yield stability in rainfed ecosystems. identifying quantitative trait loci (qtl) for rice yield and yield components under water limited environments will help to develop drought resilient cultivars using marker assisted breeding (mab) strategy. a total of 232 recombinant inbred lines of ir62266/norungan were used to map qtls for plant phenology and production traits under rainfed condition in target population of environments. a tot ... | 2012 | 22198727 |
| conservation of ire1-regulated bzip74 mrna unconventional splicing in rice (oryza sativa l.) involved in er stress responses. | protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (er) is a fundamental process in plant cells that is vulnerable to many environmental stresses. when unfolded or misfolded proteins accumulate in the er, the well-conserved unfolded protein response (upr) is initiated to mitigate the er stress by enhancing the protein folding capability and/or accelerating the er-associated protein degradation. here, we report the conservation of the activation mechanism of osbzip74 (also known as osbzip50), an import ... | 2011 | 22199238 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of osups, a u-box containing e3 ligase gene that respond to phosphate starvation in rice (oryza sativa). | the ubiquitin-26s proteasome system is important in the quality control of intracellular proteins. the ubiquitin-26s proteasome system includes the e1 (ubiquitin activating), e2 (ubiquitin conjugating), and e3 (ubiquitin ligase) enzymes. u-box proteins are a derived version of ring-finger domains, which have e3 enzyme activity. here, we present the isolation of a novel u-box protein, u-box containing e3 ligase induced by phosphate starvation (osups), from rice (oryza sativa). the cdna encoding t ... | 2012 | 22201023 |
| th1, a duf640 domain-like gene controls lemma and palea development in rice. | the developmental regulation of grasses lemma and palea and their relationship to the floral organs in dicots had been variously explicated and extensively debated. here, we characterized a triangular hull mutant th1-1 from ems-mutagenized oryza sativa ssp. indica cv. 93-11. the th1-1 mutant exhibited obviously triangular hull with tortuous and slender lemma/palea. using a map-based cloning strategy, the th1 gene was narrowed down to a 60-kb region on the long arm of chromosome 2. sequence verif ... | 2012 | 22203474 |
| rice-induced anaphylaxis: ige-mediated allergy against a 56-kda glycoprotein. | although rice (oryza sativa) is one of the most common cereals produced and consumed around the world, there have been only a few reports on immediate hypersensitivity reactions after ingestion of rice. few clinical studies on rice allergy in asia have been reported concerning rhinitis, asthma and atopic dermatitis. in this case study, we identify allergens presumably responsible for anaphylaxis after ingestion of rice in a german patient. | 0 | 22205234 |
| positive autoregulation of a knox gene is essential for shoot apical meristem maintenance in rice. | self-maintenance of the shoot apical meristem (sam), from which aerial organs are formed throughout the life cycle, is crucial in plant development. class i knotted1-like homeobox (knox) genes restrict cell differentiation and play an indispensable role in maintaining the sam. however, the mechanism that positively regulates their expression is unknown. here, we show that expression of a rice (oryza sativa) knox gene, oryza sativa homeobox1 (osh1), is positively regulated by direct autoregulatio ... | 2011 | 22207572 |
| Increased Leaf Angle1, a Raf-Like MAPKKK That Interacts with a Nuclear Protein Family, Regulates Mechanical Tissue Formation in the Lamina Joint of Rice. | Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAPKKKs), which function at the top level of mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, are clustered into three groups. However, no Group C Raf-like MAPKKKs have yet been functionally identified. We report here the characterization of a rice (Oryza sativa) mutant, increased leaf angle1 (ila1), resulting from a T-DNA insertion in a Group C MAPKKK gene. The increased leaf angle in ila1 is caused by abnormal vascular bundle formation and cell wall c ... | 2011 | 22207574 |
| short grain1 decreases organ elongation and brassinosteroid response in rice. | we identified a short-grain mutant (short grain1 (sg1) dominant) via phenotypic screening of 13,000 rice (oryza sativa) activation-tagged lines. the causative gene, sg1, encodes a protein with unknown function that is preferentially expressed in roots and developing panicles. overexpression of sg1 in rice produced a phenotype with short grains and dwarfing reminiscent of brassinosteroid (br)-deficient mutants, with wide, dark-green, and erect leaves. however, the endogenous br level in the sg1 o ... | 2012 | 22209874 |
| Screening and Identification of Antimicrobial Compounds from Streptomyces bottropensis Suppressing Rice Bacterial Blight. | Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is the most devastating pathogen to Oryza sativa and has been shown to cause bacterial blight. Two bioactive compounds showing antimicrobial activities against Xoo strain KACC 10331 were isolated from a Streptomyces bottropensis strain. The ethyl acetate extract was fractionated on a Sephadex LH-20 column, and then purified by preparative HPLC. The purified compounds were identified as bottromycin A2 and dunaimycin D3S by HR/MS and 1H NMR analyses. The MIC val ... | 2011 | 22210608 |
| transcriptome analysis of rice mature root tissue and root tips in early development by massive parallel sequencing. | despite the major physiological dissimilarities between mature root regions and their tips, differences in their gene expression profiles remain largely unexplored. in this research, the transcriptome of rice (oryza sativa l. subsp. japonica) mature root tissue and root tips was monitored using mrna-seq at two time points. almost 50 million 76 bp reads were mapped onto the rice genome sequence, expression patterns for different tissues and time points were investigated, and at least 1106 novel t ... | 2012 | 22213813 |
| characterization of cyp76m5-8 indicates metabolic plasticity within a plant biosynthetic gene cluster. | recent reports have revealed genomic clustering of enzymatic genes for particular biosynthetic pathways in plant specialized/secondary metabolism. rice (oryza sativa) carries two such clusters for production of antimicrobial diterpenoid phytoalexins, with the cluster on chromosome 2 containing four closely related/homologous members of the cytochrome p450 cyp76m subfamily (cyp76m5-8). notably, the underlying evolutionary expansion of these cyp appears to have occurred after assembly of the ances ... | 2012 | 22215681 |
| a systems approach for identifying resistance factors to rice stripe virus. | rice stripe virus (rsv) causes disease that can severely affect the productivity of rice (oryza sativa). several rsv resistant cultivars have been developed. however, host factors conferring rsv resistance in these cultivars are still elusive. here, we present a systems approach for identifying potential rice resistance factors. we developed two near isogenic rsv resistant (nil22) and susceptible (nil37) lines and performed gene expression profiling of the two lines in rsv infected and uninfecte ... | 2012 | 22217248 |
| identification of zn-nicotianamine and fe-2'-deoxymugineic acid in the phloem sap from rice plants (oryza sativa l.). | in higher plants, the supply of metals such as zn and fe via phloem is important for the growth and physiology of young organs. however, little information is available on the speciation (chemical forms) of these metals in the phloem fluids. because the ph of phloem fluids is slightly alkaline and the concentration of phosphate, which may bind to metals, is high, zn and fe in phloem fluids could be precipitated if these metals do not form complexes with some ligand compounds. in the present expe ... | 2012 | 22218421 |
| molecular basis underlying the s5-dependent reproductive isolation and compatibility of indica/japonica rice hybrids. | the s5 locus regulates spikelet fertility of indica/japonica hybrid rice. there are three alleles at the s5 locus, including an indica allele (s5i), a japonica allele (s5j), and a wide-compatibility allele (s5n). this study analyzed the molecular basis for s5-dependent reproductive isolation and compatibility of indica/japonica rice hybrids. three s5 alleles were expressed at extremely low levels, and only in the ovary. s5n was more similar to s5i in both rna and protein expression profiles. the ... | 2012 | 22218926 |
| c-terminal residues of oryza sativa gun4 are required for the activation of the chlh subunit of magnesium chelatase in chlorophyll synthesis. | oryza sativa gun4 together with the magnesium chelatase subunits chli, chld, and chlh have been heterologously expressed and purified to reconstitute magnesium chelatase activity in vitro. maximum magnesium chelatase activity requires pre-activation of oschlh with osgun4, mg(2+) and protoporphyrin-ix. osgun4 and oschlh preincubated without protoporphyrin-ix yields magnesium chelatase activity similar to assays without osgun4, suggesting formation of a dead-end complex. either 9 or 10 c-terminal ... | 2012 | 22226678 |
| evaluation of four phloem-specific promoters in vegetative tissues of transgenic citrus plants. | 'mexican' lime (citrus aurantifolia swingle) was transformed with constructs that contained chimeric promoter-gus gene fusions of phloem-specific rolc promoter of agrobacterium rhizogenes, arabidopsis thaliana sucrose-h(+) symporter (atsuc2) gene promoter of arabidopsis thaliana, rice tungro bacilliform virus (rtbv) promoter and sucrose synthase l (rss1) gene promoter of oryza sativa (rice). histochemical β-glucuronidase (gus) analysis revealed vascular-specific expression of the gus protein in ... | 2012 | 22228816 |
| dissection of genotype-phenotype associations in rice grains using metabolome quantitative trait loci analysis. | a comprehensive and large-scale metabolome quantitative trait loci (mqtl) analysis was performed to investigate the genetic backgrounds associated with metabolic phenotypes in rice grains. the metabolome dataset consisted of 759 metabolite signals obtained from the grains of 85 lines of rice (oryza sativa, sasanishiki × habataki back-crossed inbred lines). metabolome analysis was performed using four mass spectrometry pipelines to enhance detection of different classes of metabolites. this mqtl ... | 2012 | 22229385 |
| genetic organization of the hrp gene cluster in acidovorax avenae strain n1141 and a novel effector protein that elicits immune responses in rice (oryza sativa l.). | the immune system of plants consists of two main arms, pathogen-associated molecular pattern (pamp)-triggered immunity (pti) and effector-triggered immunity (eti). the multiple effectors that trigger eti are translocated into plant cells by the type iii secretion system (t3ss) of pathogenic bacteria. the rice-avirulent n1141 strain of acidovorax avenae causes eti in rice, including hypersensitive response (hr) cell death. sequence analysis indicated that the n1141 genome contains the hrp gene cl ... | 2012 | 22232252 |
| regulatory functions of snrk1 in stress-responsive gene expression and in plant growth and development. | sucrose-nonfermentation1-related protein kinase1 (snrk1) is an evolutionarily conserved energy sensor protein that regulates gene expression in response to energy depletion in plants. efforts to elucidate the functions and mechanisms of this protein kinase are hampered, however, by inherent growth defects of snrk1-null mutant plants. to overcome these limitations and study snrk1 functions in vivo, we applied a method combining transient expression in leaf mesophyll protoplasts and stable express ... | 2012 | 22232383 |
| anti-aging efficacy of topical formulations containing niosomes entrapped with rice bran bioactive compounds. | rice [oryza sativa l. (gramineae)] bran is a rich source of phytochemicals. its oil also contains several bioactive components that exhibit antioxidative properties such as ferulic acid (f), γ-oryzanol (o), and phytic acid (p) which can be a new source of cosmetic raw materials. | 2012 | 22235888 |
| proteomics analysis reveals multiple regulatory mechanisms in response to selenium in rice. | selenium (se) shows both beneficial and toxic effects on plant growth. rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings cultivated under lower concentrations of sodium selenite showed enhanced growth, whereas higher concentrations of sodium selenite repressed seedling growth. to acquire detailed regulatory mechanisms underlying these effects, a comparative proteomics study using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis and maldi-tof/tof ms was performed. by comparison of gel images between se treatments and control, 6 ... | 2012 | 22236520 |
| cyp701a8: a rice ent-kaurene oxidase paralog diverted to more specialized diterpenoid metabolism. | all higher plants contain an ent-kaurene oxidase (ko), as such a cytochrome p450 (cyp) 701 family member is required for gibberellin (ga) phytohormone biosynthesis. while gene expansion and functional diversification of ga-biosynthesis-derived diterpene synthases into more specialized metabolism has been demonstrated, no functionally divergent ko/cyp701 homologs have been previously identified. rice (oryza sativa) contains five cyp701a subfamily members in its genome, despite the fact that only ... | 2012 | 22247270 |
| the osgen-l protein from oryza sativa possesses holliday junction resolvase activity as well as 5'-flap endonuclease activity. | osgen-l has a 5'-flap endonuclease activity and plays an essential role in rice microspore development. the class 4 rad2/xpg family nucleases, including osgen-l, were recently found to have resolving activity for the holliday junction (hj), the intermediate of dna strand recombination. in this study, we performed a detailed characterization of osgen-l, as a structure-specific endonuclease. highly purified osgen-l was prepared as the full-length protein for in vitro endonuclease assays using vari ... | 2012 | 22247560 |
| biochemical identification of the osmkk6-osmpk3 signaling pathway for chilling stress tolerance in rice. | mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) pathways have been implicated in stress signaling in plants. in this study, we performed yeast two-hybrid screening to identify partner mapks for osmkk6, a rice mapk kinase, and revealed specific interactions of osmkk6 with osmpk3 and osmpk6. osmpk3 and osmpk6 each co-immunoprecipitated osmkk6, and both were directly phosphorylated by osmkk6 in vitro. a mbp kinase assay of the immunoprecipitation complex indicated that osmpk3 and osmpk6 were activated in r ... | 2012 | 22248149 |
| evaluating the non-rice host plant species of sesamia inferens (lepidoptera: noctuidae) as natural refuges: resistance management of bt rice. | although rice (oryza sativa l.) lines that express bacillus thuringiensis (bt) toxins have shown great potential for managing the major lepidoptera pests of rice in southern china, including sesamia inferens, their long-term use is dependent on managing resistance development to bt toxins in pest populations. the maintenance of "natural" refuges, non-bt expressing plants that are hosts for a target pest, has been proposed as a means to minimize the evolution of resistance to bt toxins in transge ... | 2011 | 22251655 |
| seasonal infestations of two stem borers (lepidoptera: crambidae) in noncrop grasses of gulf coast rice agroecosystems. | infestations of two stem borers, eoreuma loftini (dyar) and diatraea saccharalis (f.) (lepidoptera: crambidae), were compared in noncrop grasses adjacent to rice (oryza sativa l.) fields. three farms in the texas rice gulf coast production area were surveyed every 6-8 wk between 2007 and 2009 using quadrat sampling along transects. although d. saccharalis densities were relatively low, e. loftini average densities ranged from 0.3 to 5.7 immatures per m(2) throughout the 2-yr period. early annual ... | 2011 | 22251716 |
| seasonal expression of bt proteins in transgenic rice lines and the resistance against asiatic rice borer chilo suppressalis (walker). | laboratory bioassays and field surveys were carried out to compare the resistance of three transgenic rice (oryza sativa l.) lines including bt-dl expressing a single gene cry1ab, bt-kf6 expressing stacked genes cry1ac and cpti genes and bt-sy63 expressing a fusion gene cry1ab/cry1ac, respectively, to an important rice pest chilo suppressalis (walker). in addition, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) were conducted to monitor the bt protein expressions in rice leaves and stems at differen ... | 2011 | 22251743 |
| ostir1 and osafb2 downregulation via osmir393 overexpression leads to more tillers, early flowering and less tolerance to salt and drought in rice. | the microrna mir393 has been shown to play a role in plant development and in the stress response by targeting mrnas that code for the auxin receptors in arabidopsis. in this study, we verified that two rice auxin receptor gene homologs (ostir1 and osafb2) could be targeted by osmir393 (os for oryza sativa). two new phenotypes (increased tillers and early flowering) and two previously observed phenotypes (reduced tolerance to salt and drought and hyposensitivity to auxin) were observed in the os ... | 2012 | 22253868 |
| variation in fatty acid distribution of different acyl lipids in rice (oryza sativa l.) brans. | the lipids extracted from rice brans were classified by thin-layer chromatography into eight fractions, and their fatty acid (fa) compositions were investigated among five different japanese cultivars. the lipids of these rice brans comprised mainly triacylglycerols (tag; 84.9-86.0 wt%), free fa (4.2-4.6 wt%), and phospholipids (pl; 6.5-6.7 wt%), whilst other components were also detected in minor proportions (0.2-2.1 wt%). the pl components included phosphatidyl choline (43.3-46.8 wt%) phosphat ... | 2011 | 22254108 |
| cadmium and lead content in several brands of rice grains (oryza sativa) in central iran. | the aim of this study was to investigate the cadmium (cd) and lead (pb) content of several commercially available brands of rice grains (oryza sativa) in central iran. a total of 67 samples of the most widely consumed brands of rice grains were purchased from local bazaar markets in shahrekord, iran. the first step, grains of raw rice were digested by acid digestion method and then were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometer. the results showed that cd concentration in rice grains ranged fro ... | 2012 | 22258626 |
| transdermal absorption enhancement of rice bran bioactive compounds entrapped in niosomes. | niosomes composed of tween 61 and cholesterol at 1:1 molar ratio were entrapped with the mixture of the three semi-purified rice (oryza sativa l., family gramineae) bran bioactive compounds [ferulic acid (f), γ-oryzanol (o), and phytic acid (p)] at 0.5%, 1.5%, and 1.5%, respectively, by the supercritical co(2) technique. the transdermal absorption by vertical franz diffusion cells of the compounds entrapped in niosomes (nio fop), the unentrapped compounds (mixed fop), the compounds incorporated ... | 2012 | 22258804 |
| effect of fermentation on the nutrient and antinutrient composition of baobab (adansonia digitata) seeds and rice (oryza sativa) grains. | this study is part of an ongoing investigation on the effect of fermentation on chemical and antinutrient compositions of baobab seeds and rice grains. baobab seeds and rice grains were cleaned and fermented for 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively, by the microflora present in both the seed and the grains. the ph and titratable acidity of the unfermented and fermented samples were determined. the samples were dried and milled into fine flours respectively. standard assay techniques were used to evalu ... | 2003 | 22260173 |
| rnai-directed down-regulation of rsv results in increased resistance in rice (oryza sativa l.). | rice stripe disease (rsd), caused by rice stripe virus (rsv), is a serious disease in temperate rice-growing areas. we have created an rnai construct containing coat protein gene (cp) and disease specific protein gene (sp) sequences from rsv. the rnai construct was transformed into two susceptible japonica varieties, suyunuo and guanglingxiangjing, to develop resistance against rsd. the homozygous progeny of rice plants in the t(5) and t(7) generations containing rnai constructs, after self-fert ... | 2012 | 22261864 |
| [effects of intercropping sedum plumbizincicola in wheat growth season under wheat-rice rotation on the crops growth and their heavy metals uptake from different soil types]. | a pot experiment with heavy metals- contaminated black soil from heilongjiang province, alluvial soil from henan province, and paddy soil from zhejiang province was conducted to study the effects of intercropping sedum plumbizincicola in wheat growth season under wheat (triticum aestivum) - rice (oryza sativa) rotation on the growth of the crops and their heavy metals uptake, aimed to explore the feasibility of simultaneous grain production and heavy metals-contaminated soil phytoremediation in ... | 2011 | 22263481 |
| effector-mediated suppression of chitin-triggered immunity by magnaporthe oryzae is necessary for rice blast disease. | plants use pattern recognition receptors to defend themselves from microbial pathogens. these receptors recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps) and activate signaling pathways that lead to immunity. in rice (oryza sativa), the chitin elicitor binding protein (cebip) recognizes chitin oligosaccharides released from the cell walls of fungal pathogens. here, we show that the rice blast fungus magnaporthe oryzae overcomes this first line of plant defense by secreting an effector pro ... | 2012 | 22267486 |
| footprints of natural and artificial selection for photoperiod pathway genes in oryza. | asian rice, oryza sativa, consists of two major subspecies, indica and japonica, which are physiologically differentiated and adapted to different latitudes. genes for photoperiod sensitivity are likely targets of selection along latitude. we examined the footprints of natural and artificial selections for four major genes of the photoperiod pathway, namely phytochrome b (phyb), heading date 1 (hd1), heading date 3a (hd3a), and early heading date 1 (ehd1), by investigation of the patterns of nuc ... | 2012 | 22268451 |
| the temporal and species dynamics of photosynthetic acclimation in flag leaves of rice (oryza sativa) and wheat (triticum aestivum) under elevated carbon dioxide. | in this study, we tested for the temporal occurrence of photosynthetic acclimation to elevated [co₂] in the flag leaf of two important cereal crops, rice and wheat. in order to characterize the temporal onset of acclimation and the basis for any observed decline in photosynthetic rate, we characterized net photosynthesis, g(s) , g(m) , c(i) /c(a) , c(i) /c(c) , v(cmax) , j(max) , cell wall thickness, content of rubisco, cytochrome (cyt) f, n, chlorophyll and carbohydrate, mrna expression for rbc ... | 2012 | 22268610 |
| gradual increase of mir156 regulates temporal expression changes of numerous genes during leaf development in rice. | the highly conserved plant microrna, mir156, is an essential regulator for plant development. in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), mir156 modulates phase changing through its temporal expression in the shoot. in contrast to the gradual decrease over time in the shoot (or whole plant), we found that the mir156 level in rice (oryza sativa) gradually increased from young leaf to old leaf after the juvenile stage. however, the mir156-targeted rice squamosa-promoter binding-like (spl) transcription ... | 2012 | 22271747 |
| identification of an active mutator-like element (mule) in rice (oryza sativa). | transposable elements (tes) represent an important fraction of plant genomes and play a significant role in gene and genome evolution. among all te superfamilies discovered in plants, mutator from maize (zea mays) is the most active and mutagenic element. mutator-like elements (mules) were identified in a wide range of plants. however, only few active mules have been reported, and the transposition mechanism of the elements is still poorly understood. in this study, an active mule named os3378 w ... | 2012 | 22274888 |
| making sense of low oxygen sensing. | plant-specific group vii ethylene response factor (erf) transcription factors have emerged as pivotal regulators of flooding and low oxygen responses. in rice (oryza sativa), these proteins regulate contrasting strategies of flooding survival. recent studies on arabidopsis thaliana group vii erfs show they are stabilized under hypoxia but destabilized under oxygen-replete conditions via the n-end rule pathway of targeted proteolysis. oxygen-dependent sequestration at the plasma membrane maintain ... | 2012 | 22280796 |
| the yabby gene tongari-boushi1 is involved in lateral organ development and maintenance of meristem organization in the rice spikelet. | the meristem initiates lateral organs in a regular manner, and proper communication between the meristem and the lateral organs ensures the normal development of plants. here, we show that mutation of the rice (oryza sativa) gene tongari-boushi1 (tob1) results in pleiotropic phenotypes in spikelets, such as the formation of a cone-shaped organ instead of the lemma or palea, the development of two florets in a spikelet, or premature termination of the floret meristem, in addition to reduced growt ... | 2012 | 22286138 |
| a mutation in the rice chalcone isomerase gene causes the golden hull and internode 1 phenotype. | the biosynthesis of flavonoids, important secondary plant metabolites, has been investigated extensively, but few mutants of genes in this pathway have been identified in rice (oryza sativa). the rice gold hull and internode (gh) mutants exhibit a reddish-brown pigmentation in the hull and internode and their phenotype has long been used as a morphological marker trait for breeding and genetic study. here, we characterized that the gh1 mutant was a mutant of the rice chalcone isomerase gene (osc ... | 2012 | 22286805 |
| light-regulated melatonin biosynthesis in rice during the senescence process in detached leaves. | the effect of light on melatonin biosynthesis was examined in detached rice (oryza sativa cv. asahi) leaves during the senescence process. the detached leaves were exposed to senescence treatment either in constant darkness or in constant light, and subjected to hplc analysis for melatonin and its precursors. higher melatonin levels were detected in rice leaves under constant light while very low levels were observed in constant darkness. levels of the melatonin intermediates, tryptamine, seroto ... | 2012 | 22289080 |
| ch₄ and n₂o emissions from different varieties of forage rice (oryza sativa l.) treating liquid cattle waste. | to evaluate global warming potential (gwp) on livestock waste treatment and biomass production in rice field, methane (ch(4)) and nitrous oxide (n(2)o) fluxes from forage rice fields planted with 4 different cultivars (oryza sativa l. cv. hamasari, leafstar, kusahonami and takanari) were measured. each of the cultivars were subjected either to basal fertilization alone (control plots) (84 kg n ha(-1)), or to basal fertilization plus topdressing with liquid cattle waste or lcw (treatment plots) ( ... | 2012 | 22289172 |
| role of the node in controlling traffic of cadmium, zinc, and manganese in rice. | heavy metals are transported to rice grains via the phloem. in rice nodes, the diffuse vascular bundles (dvbs), which enclose the enlarged elliptical vascular bundles (evbs), are connected to the panicle and have a morphological feature that facilitates xylem-to-phloem transfer. to find a mechanism for restricting cadmium (cd) transport into grains, the distribution of cd, zinc (zn), manganese (mn), and sulphur (s) around the vascular bundles in node i (the node beneath the panicle) of oryza sat ... | 2012 | 22291135 |
| historical contingencies modulate the adaptability of rice yellow mottle virus. | the rymv1-2 and rymv1-3 alleles of the rymv1 resistance to rice yellow mottle virus (rymv), coded by an eif(iso)4g1 gene, occur in a few cultivars of the asiatic (oryza sativa) and african (o. glaberrima) rice species, respectively. the most salient feature of the resistance breaking (rb) process is the converse genetic barrier to rymv1-2 and rymv1-3 resistance breakdown. this specificity is modulated by the amino acid (glutamic acid vs. threonine) at codon 49 of the viral protein genome-linked ... | 2012 | 22291591 |
| unraveling the complex trait of harvest index with association mapping in rice (oryza sativa l.). | harvest index is a measure of success in partitioning assimilated photosynthate. an improvement of harvest index means an increase in the economic portion of the plant. our objective was to identify genetic markers associated with harvest index traits using 203 o. sativa accessions. the phenotyping for 14 traits was conducted in both temperate (arkansas) and subtropical (texas) climates and the genotyping used 154 ssrs and an indel marker. heading, plant height and weight, and panicle length had ... | 2012 | 22291889 |
| constitutive activation of transcription factor osbzip46 improves drought tolerance in rice. | osbzip46 is one member of the third subfamily of bzip transcription factors in rice (oryza sativa). it has high sequence similarity to aba-responsive element binding factor (abf/areb) transcription factors abi5 and osbzip23, two transcriptional activators positively regulating stress tolerance in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) and rice, respectively. expression of osbzip46 was strongly induced by drought, heat, hydrogen peroxide, and abscisic acid (aba) treatment; however, it was not induced ... | 2012 | 22301130 |
| overexpression of rice cbs domain containing protein improves salinity, oxidative, and heavy metal tolerance in transgenic tobacco. | we have recently identified and classified a cystathionine β-synthase domain containing protein family in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) and rice (oryza sativa l.). based on the microarray and mpss data, we have suggested their involvement in stress tolerance. in this study, we have characterized a rice protein of unknown function, oscbsx4. this gene was found to be upregulated under high salinity, heavy metal, and oxidative stresses at seedling stage. transgenic tobacco plants overexpressin ... | 2012 | 22302312 |
| excess copper induced oxidative stress and response of antioxidants in rice. | to investigate the effects of copper (cu), rice plant (oryza sativa. l. var. mse-9) was treated with different cu concentrations (0, 10, 50 and 100 μm) for 5 days in hydroponic condition. gradual decrease in shoot and root growth was observed with the increase of cu concentration and duration of treatment where maximum inhibition was recorded in root growth. cu was readily absorbed by the plant though the maximum accumulation was found in root than shoot. hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) production ... | 2012 | 22306354 |
| expression of an acidothermus cellulolyticus endoglucanase in transgenic rice seeds. | the thermostable endo-1,4-β-glucanase (e1) from acidothermus cellulolyticus, is a useful enzyme for commercial hydrolysis of cellulose into glucose. a codon-optimized synthetic gene encoding this enzyme was transformed into rice (oryza sativa l. ssp. japonica) under the control of the rice seed storage protein gt1 promoter. the transgenic line c19 was identified as the one with the highest endoglucanase activity among the total of 36 independent transgenic lines obtained. the cellulase activity ... | 2012 | 22306743 |
| chitinophaga oryziterrae sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere soil of rice (oryza sativa l.). | a novel bacterial strain, yc7001(t), was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of rice collected at jinju, korea, and was characterized using a polyphasic approach. cells of strain yc7001(t) were gram-negative-staining, yellow-pigmented, rod-shaped, aerobic, heterotrophic and non-motile. strain yc7001(t) grew optimally at 25-30 °c, ph 5.0-8.0 and degraded gelatin, cellulose and chitin. phylogenetic analyses based on 16s rrna gene sequences indicated that strain yc7001(t) belonged to the genus chiti ... | 2012 | 22307507 |
| antimony (sb) and arsenic (as) in sb mining impacted paddy soil from xikuangshan, china: differences in mechanisms controlling soil sequestration and uptake in rice. | foods produced on soils impacted by antimony (sb) mining activities are a potential health risk due to plant uptake of the contaminant metalloids (sb) and arsenic (as). here we report for the first time the chemical speciation of sb in soil and porewater of flooded paddy soil, impacted by active sb mining, and its effect on uptake and speciation in rice plants (oryza sativa l. cv jiahua). results are compared with behavior and uptake of as. pot experiments were conducted under controlled conditi ... | 2012 | 22309044 |
| differential response of oxidative stress and thiol metabolism in contrasting rice genotypes for arsenic tolerance. | the mechanism of arsenic (as) tolerance was investigated on two contrasting rice (oryza sativa l.) genotypes, selected for as tolerance and accumulation. one tolerant (triguna) and one sensitive (iet-4786) variety were exposed to various arsenate (0-50 μm) levels for 7 d for biochemical analyses. arsenic induced oxidative stress was more pronounced in iet-4786 than triguna especially in terms of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, ec and pro-oxidant enzymes (nadph oxidase and ascorbate ... | 2012 | 22309938 |
| qtl analysis for grain quality traits in 2 bc2f2 populations derived from crosses between oryza sativa cv swarna and 2 accessions of o. nivara. | the appearance and cooking quality of rice determine its acceptability and price to a large extent. quantitative trait loci (qtls) for 12 grain quality traits were mapped in 2 mapping populations derived from oryza sativa cv swarna × o. nivara. the bc(2)f(2) population of the cross swarna × o. nivara irgc81848 (population 1) was evaluated during 2005 and that from swarna × o. nivara irgc81832 (population 2) was evaluated during 2006. linkage maps were constructed using 100 simple sequence repeat ... | 2015 | 22312119 |
| somatic and reproductive cell development in rice anther is regulated by a putative glutaredoxin. | the switch from mitosis to meiosis is one of the most pivotal events in eukaryotes undergoing sexual reproduction. however, the mechanisms orchestrating meiosis initiation remain elusive, particularly in plants. flowering plants are heterosporous, with male and female spore genesis adopting different developmental courses. we show here that plant pollen mother cells contain a specific meiosis initiation machinery through characterization of a rice (oryza sativa) gene, microsporeless1 (mil1). the ... | 2012 | 22319054 |
| independent domestication of asian rice followed by gene flow from japonica to indica. | results from studies on the domestication process of asian rice oryza sativa have been controversial because of its complicated evolutionary history. previous studies have yielded two alternative hypotheses about the origin(s) of the two major groups of o. sativa: japonica and indica. one study proposes a single common wild ancestor, whereas the other suggests that there were multiple domestication events of different types of wild rice. here, we provide clear evidence of the independent domesti ... | 2011 | 22319137 |
| role of phosphate solubilizing bacteria on rock phosphate solubility and growth of aerobic rice. | use of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (psb) as inoculants has concurrently increased phosphorous uptake in plants and improved yields in several crop species. the ability of psb to improve growth of aerobic rice (oryza sativa l.) through enhanced phosphorus (p) uptake from christmas island rock phosphate (rp) was studied in glasshouse experiments. two isolated psb strains; bacillus spp. psb9 and psb16, were evaluated with rp treatments at 0, 30 and 60 kg ha(-1). surface sterilized seeds of aero ... | 2011 | 22319876 |
| potential health risk of total arsenic from consumption of farm rice (oryza sativa) from the southern caspian sea littoral and from imported rice in iran. | in this study, arsenic (as) was measured in several varieties of imported and local cultivated rice. soil samples collected from rice farms situated in south caspian sea (iran) were also studied. the mean concentration of as in imported rice, local farmed rice and soil, were determined as 0.28, 0.39 and 3.80 μg g(-1) dry weight, respectively. estimated daily intake of as through human consumption of imported and local produced rice was 0.77 and 1.074 μg day(-1) kg(-1) b.w., respectively. these v ... | 2012 | 22323045 |
| rubisco activity is associated with photosynthetic thermotolerance in a wild rice (oryza meridionalis). | oryza meridionalis is a wild species of rice, endemic to tropical australia. it shares a significant genome homology with the common domesticated rice oryza sativa. exploiting the fact that the two species are highly related but o. meridionalis has superior heat tolerance, experiments were undertaken to identify the impact of temperature on key events in photosynthesis. at an ambient co(2) partial pressure of 38 pa and irradiance of 1500 µmol quanta m(-2) s(-1), the temperature optimum of photos ... | 2012 | 22324885 |
| comparative phosphoproteomic analysis of microsomal fractions of arabidopsis thaliana and oryza sativa subjected to high salinity. | plants respond to salt stress by initiating phosphorylation cascades in their cells. many key phosphorylation events take place at membranes. microsomal fractions from 400 mm salt-treated arabidopsis suspension plants were isolated, followed by trypsin shaving, enrichment using zirconium ion-charged or tio(2) magnetic beads, and tandem mass spectrometry analyses for site mapping. a total of 27 phosphorylation sites from 20 arabidopsis proteins including photosystem ii reaction center protein h p ... | 2012 | 22325874 |
| proteomic and phosphoproteomic determination of aba's effects on grain-filling of oryza sativa l. inferior spikelets. | cultivars of rice (oryza sativa l.), especially the large-spikelet-type, often fail to achieve the high yield potential due to poor grain-filling of their inferior (late-flowering) spikelets. the superior (early-flowering) spikelets normally contain more abscisic acid (aba) than the inferior spikelets. it was speculated that aba might play a pivotal role in the grain-filling of inferior spikelets. to understand the molecular regulation involved in this process, we employed the 2-d gel-based comp ... | 2012 | 22325889 |
| identification of programmed cell death related genes in bamboo. | the event of bamboo flowering and subsequent death of bamboo cells, a rare phenomenon is an interesting model to study gene expression/function in the context of the programmed cell death (pcd) in plant. to identify genes involved in autolytic cell death in bamboo (bambusa arundinacea/bambusa bambos voss), a suppressive subtractive cdna hybridization (ssh) was performed between cdna isolated from control (healthy), as driver and test internodal tissue (45days after setting of seeds), as tester. ... | 2012 | 22326529 |
| sequence composition and gene content of the short arm of rye (secale cereale) chromosome 1. | the purpose of the study is to elucidate the sequence composition of the short arm of rye chromosome 1 (secale cereale) with special focus on its gene content, because this portion of the rye genome is an integrated part of several hundreds of bread wheat varieties worldwide. | 2012 | 22328922 |
| rolling-leaf14 is a 2og-fe (ii) oxygenase family protein that modulates rice leaf rolling by affecting secondary cell wall formation in leaves. | as an important agronomic trait, leaf rolling in rice (oryza sativa l.) has attracted much attention from plant biologists and breeders. moderate leaf rolling increases the amount of photosynthesis in cultivars and hence raises grain yield. here, we describe the map-based cloning of the gene rl14, which was found to encode a 2og-fe (ii) oxygenase of unknown function. rl14 mutant plants had incurved leaves because of the shrinkage of bulliform cells on the adaxial side. in addition, rl14 mutant p ... | 2012 | 22329407 |
| duplication and diversification of the leafy hull sterile1 and oryza sativa mads5 sepallata lineages in graminoid poales. | gene duplication and the subsequent divergence in function of the resulting paralogs via subfunctionalization and/or neofunctionalization is hypothesized to have played a major role in the evolution of plant form. the leafy hull sterile1 (lhs1) sepallata (sep) genes have been linked with the origin and diversification of the grass spikelet, but it is uncertain 1) when the duplication event that produced the lhs1 clade and its paralogous lineage oryza sativa mads5 (osm5) occurred, and 2) how chan ... | 2012 | 22340849 |
| do radial oxygen loss and external aeration affect iron plaque formation and arsenic accumulation and speciation in rice? | hydroponic experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of radial oxygen loss (rol) and external aeration on iron (fe) plaque formation, and arsenic (as) accumulation and speciation in rice (oryza sativa l.). the data showed that there were significant correlations between rol and fe concentrations in fe plaque produced on different genotypes of rice. there were also significant differences in the amounts of fe plaque formed between different genotypes in different positions of roots and ... | 2012 | 22345639 |
| transcriptomic analysis of rice (oryza sativa) developing embryos using the rna-seq technique. | rice (oryza sativa) is an excellent model monocot with a known genome sequence for studying embryogenesis. here we report the transcriptome profiling analysis of rice developing embryos using rna-seq as an attempt to gain insight into the molecular and cellular events associated with rice embryogenesis. rna-seq analysis generated 17,755,890 sequence reads aligned with 27,190 genes, which provided abundant data for the analysis of rice embryogenesis. a total of 23,971, 23,732, and 23,592 genes we ... | 2012 | 22347394 |
| large-scale identification of mirtrons in arabidopsis and rice. | a new catalog of microrna (mirna) species called mirtrons has been discovered in animals recently, which originate from spliced introns of the gene transcripts. however, only one putative mirtron, osa-mir1429, has been identified in rice (oryza sativa). we employed a high-throughput sequencing (hts) data- and structure-based approach to do a genome-wide search for the mirtron candidate in both arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) and rice. five and eighteen candidates were discovered in the two pl ... | 2012 | 22348048 |
| the statistical power of inclusive composite interval mapping in detecting digenic epistasis showing common f2 segregation ratios. | epistasis is a commonly observed genetic phenomenon and an important source of variation of complex traits, which could maintain additive variance and therefore assure the long-term genetic gain in breeding. inclusive composite interval mapping (icim) is able to identify epistatic quantitative trait loci (qtls) no matter whether the two interacting qtls have any additive effects. in this article, we conducted a simulation study to evaluate detection power and false discovery rate (fdr) of icim e ... | 2012 | 22348947 |
| dynamic analysis of qtls on tiller number in rice (oryza sativa l.) with single segment substitution lines. | twelve single segment substitution lines (sssls) in rice, which contain quantitative trait loci (qtls) for tiller number detected previously, were used to study dynamic expression of the qtls in this study. these sssls and their recipient, hua-jing-xian 74 (hjx74), were used to produce 78 crossing combinations first, and then these combinations and their parents were grown in two planting seasons with three cropping densities. tiller number was measured at seven developmental stages. qtl effects ... | 2012 | 22350178 |
| a high-efficiency agrobacterium-mediated transformation system of rice (oryza sativa l.). | agrobacterium-mediated transformation of rice has been routinely performed according to the protocol reported by hiei et al. (plant j. 6:271-282, 1994). however, several elite japonica and many indica varieties cannot be efficiently transformed by agrobacterium system. also a large number of transformants are required to generate t-dna insertion and fox libraries as well as gene-targeting studies. to overcome these challenges, we established a high-efficiency transformation system in rice by coc ... | 2012 | 22350998 |
| a mutation of osotp 51 leads to impairment of photosystem i complex assembly and serious photo-damage in rice. | gene expression in chloroplasts is regulated by many nuclear-encoded proteins. in this study, we isolated a rice (oryza sativa subsp. japonica) mutant osotp51 with significant reduction in photosystem i (psi). the osotp51 is extremely sensitive to light and accumulates a higher level of reactive oxygen species. its leaves are almost albino when grown at 40 μmol photons/m(2) per s. however, grown at 4 μmol photons/m(2) per s, osotp51 has a similar phenotype to the wild-type. 77k chlorophyll fluor ... | 2012 | 22353560 |
| brassinosteroids antagonize gibberellin- and salicylate-mediated root immunity in rice. | brassinosteroids (brs) are a unique class of plant steroid hormones that orchestrate myriad growth and developmental processes. although brs have long been known to protect plants from a suite of biotic and abiotic stresses, our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms is still rudimentary. aiming to further decipher the molecular logic of br-modulated immunity, we have examined the dynamics and impact of brs during infection of rice (oryza sativa) with the root oomycete pythium gram ... | 2012 | 22353574 |
| mapping and analysis of the line and sine type of repetitive elements in rice. | non-ltr retrotransposons comprise significant portion of the plants genome. their complete characterization is thus necessary if the sequenced genome is to be annotated correctly. the long and short interspersed nucleotide repetitive elements (line and sine) may be responsible for alteration in the expression mechanism of neighboring genes, the complete identification of these elements in the rice genome is essential in order studying their putative functional interactions with the plant genes a ... | 2011 | 22355220 |
| growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant responses of endophyte infected and non-infected rice under lead stress conditions. | an endophytic fungus was tested in rice (oryza sativa l.) exposed to four levels of lead (pb) stress (0, 50, 100 and 200 μm) to assess effects on plant growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activity. under pb stress conditions, endophyte-infected seedlings had greater shoot length but lower root length compared to non-infected controls, and endophyte-infected seedlings had greater dry weight in the 50 and 100 μm pb treatments. under pb stress conditions, chlorophyll and carotenoid levels ... | 2012 | 22356744 |