Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| detection of influenza virus using peroxidase-mimic of gold nanoparticles. | a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) with nanomaterials is an effective and powerful method to amplify the signal and reduce the cost of detecting and measuring trace biomarkers or proteins. in this study, an ultra-sensitive colorimetric immunoassay was designed, and its ability to detect influenza viruses using positively charged gold nanoparticles ((+)au nps) was assessed as a possible role for peroxidase-mimic inorganic enzymes. this method detected influenza virus a (h1n1) wi ... | 2016 | 27002303 |
| genetically diverse low pathogenicity avian influenza a virus subtypes co-circulate among poultry in bangladesh. | influenza virus surveillance, poultry outbreak investigations and genomic sequencing were assessed to understand the ecology and evolution of low pathogenicity avian influenza (lpai) a viruses in bangladesh from 2007 to 2013. we analyzed 506 avian specimens collected from poultry in live bird markets and backyard flocks to identify influenza a viruses. virus isolation-positive specimens (n = 50) were subtyped and their coding-complete genomes were sequenced. the most frequently identified subtyp ... | 2016 | 27010791 |
| genetic characterization of an ancestral strain of the avian-origin h3n2 canine influenza virus currently circulating in east asia. | h3n2 canine influenza virus emerged in south korea in 2007 and subsequently spread to china and thailand, causing epidemic or endemic respiratory diseases in dogs. through intermammalian species transmission, the virus has also infected cats. however, no direct evidence of significant genetic evolution has been reported since its first emergence. here, we describe in depth the genetic and molecular characteristics of the ancestral strain (i.e., the first virus isolate from south korea) of the h3 ... | 2016 | 27012241 |
| quantifying homologous and heterologous antibody titre rises after influenza virus infection. | most influenza virus infections are associated with mild disease. one approach to estimate the occurrence of influenza virus infections in individuals is via repeated measurement of humoral antibody titres. we used baseline and convalescent antibody titres measured by haemagglutination inhibition (hi) and viral neutralization (vn) assays against influenza a(h1n1), a(h3n2) and b viruses to investigate the characteristics of antibody rises following virologically confirmed influenza virus infectio ... | 2016 | 27018720 |
| waning protection of influenza vaccine against mild laboratory confirmed influenza a(h3n2) and b in spain, season 2014-15. | the 2014/15 influenza season in spain was dominated by the circulation of drifted a(h3n2) and co-circulation of b viruses. we present the final estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness (ive) against confirmed influenza a(h3n2) and b its evolution along the season and with time since vaccination. | 2016 | 27020713 |
| post-pandemic seroprevalence of human influenza viruses in domestic cats. | the continuous exposure of cats to diverse influenza viruses raises the concern of a potential role of cats in the epidemiology of these viruses. our previous seroprevalence study of domestic cat sera collected during the 2009 h1n1 pandemic wave (september 2009-september 2010) revealed a high prevalence of pandemic h1n1, as well as seasonal h1n1 and h3n2 human flu virus infection (22.5%, 33.0%, and 43.5%, respectively). in this study, we extended the serosurvey of influenza viruses in cat sera c ... | 2016 | 27030198 |
| age at vaccination and timing of infection do not alter vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease in influenza a virus-infected pigs. | whole inactivated virus (wiv) vaccines are widely used in the swine industry to reduce clinical disease against homologous influenza a virus (iav) infection. in pigs experimentally challenged with antigenically distinct heterologous iav of the same hemagglutinin subtype, wiv vaccinates have been shown to develop vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease (vaerd). we evaluated the impact of vaccine valency, age at vaccination, and duration between vaccination and challenge on the development ... | 2016 | 27030585 |
| the dod global, laboratory-based, influenza surveillance program: summary for the 2013-2014 influenza season. | this report for the 2013-2014 influenza season summarizes the results of influenza surveillance carried out by the dod global, laboratory-based, influenza surveillance program, which is managed by the u.s. air force school of aerospace medicine epidemiology consult service and epidemiology laboratory at wright-patterson air force base, oh. sentinel sites submitted 3,903 specimens for clinical diagnostic testing and 1,163 (29.8%) were positive for influenza virus. the predominant influenza subtyp ... | 2016 | 27030925 |
| [successful treatment of seasonal influenza a (h3n2) infection-related hemophagocytic lymphocytosis in an elderly man]. | a 79-year-old man experienced severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and was receiving treatment for ischemic heart disease. starting from dizziness and chilliness, he lost consciousness after few days. he was taken to our emergency department. on initial evaluation, he complained of dyspnea and was afebrile with a pulse rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate of 105 beats/min, 112/98mmhg, and 28 breath/min, respectively. his respiratory sounds were clear and chest radiography di ... | 2016 | 27032178 |
| clinical and radiographic comparison of influenza virus-associated pneumonia among three viral subtypes. | presently, the predominant subtypes of influenza viruses in the world, except for those in local epidemics, include influenza pandemic h1n1 2009 (ph1n1), h3n2, and b viruses. there are few reports on the differences in the clinical features, radiographic findings, treatment, and outcomes of influenza virus-associated pneumonia among these three viral subtypes. the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the clinical features, radiographic findings, treatment, and outcomes differ among t ... | 2016 | 27041156 |
| influenza a virus and influenza b virus can induce apoptosis via intrinsic or extrinsic pathways and also via nf-κb in a time and dose dependent manner. | influenza viruses are able to cause annual epidemics and pandemics due to their mutation rates and reassortment capabilities leading to antigenic shifts and drifts. to identify host response to influenza a and b viruses on a549 and mdck ii cells at low and high mois, expressions of mxa and caspases 3, 8, and 9 and bad, tnfα, and iκbα genes were measured in the cells supernatants. h1n1 and h3n2 prefer to initially enhance the intrinsic pathway, determined by higher caspase 9 activity in mdck ii c ... | 2016 | 27042352 |
| a novel m2e-multiple antigenic peptide providing heterologous protection in mice. | swine influenza viruses (swivs) cause considerable morbidity and mortality in domestic pigs, resulting in a significant economic burden. moreover, pigs have been considered to be a possible mixing vessel in which novel strains loom. here, we developed and evaluated a novel m2e-multiple antigenic peptide (m2e-map) as a supplemental antigen for inactivated h3n2 vaccine to provide cross-protection against two main subtypes of swivs, h1n1 and h3n2. the novel tetra-branched map was constructed by fus ... | 2016 | 27051342 |
| susceptibility of influenza viruses circulating in western saudi arabia to neuraminidase inhibitors. | to investigate the sensitivity of circulating influenza viruses in western saudi arabia to neuraminidase inhibitors (nais); mainly, zanamivir and oseltamivir. | 2016 | 27052292 |
| influenza neuraminidase subtype n1: immunobiological properties and functional assays for specific antibody response. | influenza neuraminidase (na) proteins expressed in tk- cells infected with recombinant vaccinia virus carrying na gene of highly pathogenic avian influenza h5n1 virus or 2009 pandemic h1n1 (h1n1pdm) virus were characterized for their biological properties, i.e., cell localization, molecular weight (mw), glycosylation and sialidase activity. immune sera collected from balb/c mice immunized with these recombinant viruses were assayed for binding and functional activities of anti-na antibodies. rec ... | 2016 | 27054879 |
| protective immunity against homologous and heterologous influenza virus lethal challenge by immunization with new recombinant chimeric ha2-m2e fusion protein in balb/c mice. | influenza is an acute and highly contagious respiratory disease. the error prone rna polymerase and segmented nature of the influenza a virus genome allow antigenic drift and shift, respectively. therefore, most influenza vaccines are inefficient along time and against different viral subtypes. in this study, for the first time, protection properties of a new recombinant fusion of ha2 and m2e peptides originated from influenza virus a/brisbane/59/2007-like (h1n1) in balb/c mice model were invest ... | 2016 | 27058011 |
| moderate influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation with a(h3n2) and a(h1n1) influenza in 2013-14: results from the innhove network. | we conducted a multicentre test negative case control study to estimate the 2013-14 influenza vaccine effectiveness (ive) against hospitalised laboratory confirmed influenza in 12 hospitals in france, italy and spain. we included all ≥18 years hospitalised patients targeted by local influenza vaccination campaign reporting an influenza-like illness within 7 days before admission. we defined as cases patients rt-pcr positive for influenza and as controls those negative for all influenza virus. we ... | 2016 | 27065000 |
| long-lasting cross-protection against influenza a by neuraminidase and m2e-based immunization strategies. | there is mounting evidence that in the absence of neutralizing antibodies cross-reactive t cells provide protection against pandemic influenza viruses. here, we compared protection and cd8+ t cell responses following challenge with h1n1 2009 pandemic and h3n2 viruses of mice that had been immunized with hemagglutinin (ha), neuraminidase (na) and the extracellular domain of matrix protein 2 (m2e) fused to a virus-like particle (vlp). mice were challenged a first time with a sublethal dose of h1n1 ... | 2016 | 27072615 |
| prolonged intermittent virus shedding during an outbreak of canine influenza a h3n2 virus infection in dogs in three chicago area shelters: 16 cases (march to may 2015). | objective to estimate an appropriate isolation period for dogs infected with canine influenza a h3n2 virus on the basis of the duration of virus shedding. design retrospective case series. animals 16 dogs, from 3 chicago area shelters, naturally infected with canine influenza a h3n2 virus. procedures medical records of 16 affected dogs were reviewed. nasal swab specimens from each dog had been tested periodically for a minimum of 15 days following an initial positive real-time reverse transcript ... | 2016 | 27074610 |
| bioinformatics studies of influenza a hemagglutinin sequence data indicate recombination-like events leading to segment exchanges. | the influenza genome is highly variable due primarily to two mechanisms: antigenic drift and antigenic shift. a third mechanism for genetic change, known as copy choice or template switching, can arise during replication when, if two viral strains infect a cell, a part of a gene from the second viral strain can be copied into the growing progeny of a gene of the first viral strain as replacement leading to a new variety of the virus. this template switching between the same genes of the two stra ... | 2016 | 27083561 |
| hemagglutinin of influenza a virus binds specifically to cell surface nucleolin and plays a role in virus internalization. | the hemagglutinin (ha) protein of influenza a virus initiates cell entry by binding to sialic acids on target cells. in the current study, we demonstrated that in addition to sialic acids, influenza a/puerto rico/8/34 h1n1 (pr8) virus ha specifically binds to cell surface nucleolin (ncl). the interaction between ha and ncl was initially revealed with virus overlay protein binding assay (vopba) and subsequently verified with co-immunoprecipitation. importantly, inhibiting cell surface ncl with nc ... | 2016 | 27085069 |
| influenza vaccine effectiveness in preventing hospitalizations with laboratory-confirmed influenza in greece during the 2014-2015 season: a test-negative study. | the 2014-2015 influenza season was marked by circulation of antigenically drifted a/h3n2 strains, raising the possibility of low seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness (ve). we assessed ve against hospitalization with laboratory-confirmed influenza for the 2014-2015 season, using routine surveillance data. non-sentinel swab samples from greek hospital inpatients were tested for influenza by rt-pcr in three laboratories, covering the entire country. we estimated ve using a test-negative design. ... | 2016 | 27088266 |
| [development of a real-time reverse transcription pcr assay system for detection of three subtypes of influenza a and influenza b viruses]. | we developed the initial real-time reverse transcription pcr assay system for seasonal influenza viruses in 2011. this prototype assay system could detect and identify specific influenza a virus subtypes[h1n1, h3n2 and (h1n1) pdm09] and influenza b virus. in the 2012-2013 season, our prototype pcr assay didn't work well because of point mutations occurred in the neuraminidase (na) gene of the a (h3n2) strain. we improved the prototype assay by changing the target gene for a (h3n2) strain (2013 i ... | 2015 | 27089652 |
| construction high-yield candidate influenza vaccine viruses in vero cells by reassortment. | usage of influenza vaccine is the best choice measure for preventing and conclusion of influenza virus infection. although it has been used of chicken embryo to produce influenza vaccine, following with who recommended vaccine strain, there were uncontrollable factors and its deficiencies, specially, during an influenza pandemic in the world. the vero cells are used for vaccine production of a few strains including influenza virus, because of its homology with human, recommended by who. however, ... | 2016 | 27101353 |
| a point mutation in the polymerase protein pb2 allows a reassortant h9n2 influenza isolate of wild-bird origin to replicate in human cells. | h9n2 influenza a viruses are on the list of potentially pandemic subtypes. therefore, it is important to understand how genomic reassortment and genetic polymorphisms affect phenotypes of h9n2 viruses circulating in the wild bird reservoir. a comparative genetic analysis of north american h9n2 isolates of wild bird origin identified a naturally occurring reassortant virus containing gene segments derived from both north american and eurasian lineage ancestors. the pb2 segment of this virus encod ... | 2016 | 27101787 |
| factors associated with poor outcomes among adults hospitalized for influenza in france: a three-year prospective multicenter study. | influenza is an important cause of serious illness and death, particularly in elderly and high-risk groups. | 2016 | 27105315 |
| the avian-origin h3n2 canine influenza virus that recently emerged in the united states has limited replication in swine. | equine-origin h3n8 has circulated in dogs in the united states since 1999. a genetically and antigenically distinct avian-origin h3n2 canine influenza was detected in march of 2015 in chicago, illinois. subsequent outbreaks were reported with over 1000 dogs in the midwest affected followed by 23 additional states with detections within 5 months. the potential for canine-to-swine transmission was unknown. experimental infection in pigs showed this virus does not replicate efficiently in swine. | 2016 | 27110913 |
| antigen nature and complexity influence human antibody light chain usage and specificity. | human antibodies consist of a heavy chain and one of two possible light chains, kappa (κ) or lambda (λ). here we tested how these two possible light chains influence the overall antibody response to polysaccharide and protein antigens by measuring light chain usage in human monoclonal antibodies from antibody secreting cells obtained following vaccination with pneumovax23. remarkably, we found that individuals displayed restricted light chain usage to certain serotypes and that lambda antibodies ... | 2016 | 27113164 |
| seasonal influenza vaccine (a/new york/39/2012) effectiveness against influenza a virus of health care workers in a long term care facility attached with the hospital, japan, 2014/15: a cohort study. | the 2014/15 influenza season started earlier than usual, and intense activity was reflection of circulation of antigenically-drifted and vaccine-mismatched dominant a(h3n2) viruses. although inpatients and health-care workers (hcws) had a high influenza vaccination coverage rate well prior to the beginning of influenza season, numerous outbreaks of influenza a(h3n2) infection with fatal cases were reported in long-term care facilities (ltcfs) in japan during 2014/15 influenza season. in january ... | 2016 | 27118211 |
| pandemic vaccination strategies and influenza severe outcomes during the influenza a(h1n1)pdm09 pandemic and the post-pandemic influenza season: the nordic experience. | during the 2009/10 influenza a(h1n1)pdm09 pandemic, the five nordic countries adopted different approaches to pandemic vaccination. we compared pandemic vaccination strategies and severe influenza outcomes, in seasons 2009/10 and 2010/11 in these countries with similar influenza surveillance systems. we calculated the cumulative pandemic vaccination coverage in 2009/10 and cumulative incidence rates of laboratory confirmed a(h1n1)pdm09 infections, intensive care unit (icu) admissions and deaths ... | 2016 | 27123691 |
| i-move multicentre case-control study 2010/11 to 2014/15: is there within-season waning of influenza type/subtype vaccine effectiveness with increasing time since vaccination? | since the 2008/9 influenza season, the i-move multicentre case-control study measures influenza vaccine effectiveness (ve) against medically-attended influenza-like-illness (ili) laboratory confirmed as influenza. in 2011/12, european studies reported a decline in ve against influenza a(h3n2) within the season. using combined i-move data from 2010/11 to 2014/15 we studied the effects of time since vaccination on influenza type/subtype-specific ve. we modelled influenza type/subtype-specific ve b ... | 2016 | 27124420 |
| concordance of interim and final estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness: a systematic review. | the world health organization's global influenza surveillance and response system meets twice a year to generate a recommendation for the composition of the seasonal influenza vaccine. interim vaccine effectiveness (ve) estimates provide a preliminary indication of influenza vaccine performance during the season and may be useful for decision making. we reviewed 17 pairs of studies reporting 33 pairs of interim and final estimates using the test-negative design to evaluate whether interim estima ... | 2016 | 27124573 |
| virological characteristics of the 2014/2015 influenza season based on molecular analysis of biological material derived from i-move study. | the main goal of the international study i-move (influenza monitoring of vaccine effectiveness) implemented in poland is to identify and evaluate the activity types of influenza virus and to determine the effectiveness of vaccination against influenza in the 2014-2015 influenza season. the study is based on selecting patients with flu symptoms and collecting biological samples for laboratory examination. detection, typing, and subtyping of influenza viruses were carried out by the national cente ... | 2016 | 27131497 |
| virulence of a novel reassortant canine h3n2 influenza virus in ferret, dog and mouse models. | an outbreak of a canine influenza virus (civ) h3n2 reassortant derived from pandemic (pdm) h1n1 and civ h3n2 in companion animals has underscored the urgent need to monitor civ infections for potential zoonotic transmission of influenza viruses to humans. in this study, we assessed the virulence of a novel civ h3n2 reassortant, vc378, which was obtained from a dog that was coinfected with pdm h1n1 and civ h3n2, in ferrets, dogs, and mice. significantly enhanced virulence of vc378 was demonstrate ... | 2016 | 27138550 |
| analysis of the beta-propiolactone sensitivity and optimization of inactivation methods for human influenza h3n2 virus. | beta-propiolactone (bpl) is used as an inactivating reagent for influenza virus in a number of countries. however, the treatment of viruses with bpl occasionally results in a decrease in the hemagglutinin (ha) titer, which complicates vaccine development. in the present study, we examined the biological and biochemical characteristics of human h1n1 and h3n2 viruses treated with bpl, and developed an inactivation method for bpl-sensitive viruses. a significant decrease in ha titer was detected in ... | 2016 | 27142111 |
| genetic and antigenic characterization of hemagglutinin of influenza a/h3n2 virus from the 2015 season in thailand. | antigenic changes in the ha1 domain of the influenza a/h3n2 hemagglutinin (ha) present a challenge in the design of the annual influenza vaccine. we examined the genetic variability in the nucleotide and amino acid of encoding ha1 sequences of the influenza a/h3n2 virus during the 2015 influenza season in thailand. toward this, the ha genes of 45 influenza a/h3n2 strains were amplified and sequenced. although a clade 3c.3a strain (a/switzerland/9715293/2013) was chosen for the 2015 vaccine, phyl ... | 2016 | 27146171 |
| detection and typing of human-infecting influenza viruses in china by using a multiplex dna biochip assay. | rapid identification of the infections of specific subtypes of influenza viruses is critical for patient treatment and pandemic control. here we report the application of multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) coupled with membrane-based dna biochip to the detection and discrimination of the type (a and b) and subtype (human h1n1, human h3n2, avian h5n1 and avian h7n9) of influenza viruses in circulation in china. a multiplex one-step rt-pcr assay was designed to simu ... | 2016 | 27150046 |
| characterization of influenza activity based on virological surveillance of influenza-like illness in tropical singapore, 2010-2014. | singapore is situated in the tropics where the seasonality of influenza is not as well defined as that of temperate countries. we examined the circulation of influenza viruses in the community in terms of the characteristics of influenza activity. we reviewed laboratory-confirmed virological data collected between 2010 and 2014 under the national influenza surveillance programme. influenza activity was measured by the proportion of specimens from outpatients with influenza-like illness tested po ... | 2016 | 27152935 |
| predac-h3: a user-friendly platform for antigenic surveillance of human influenza a(h3n2) virus based on hemagglutinin sequences. | timely surveillance of the antigenic dynamics of the influenza virus is critical for accurate selection of vaccine strains, which is important for effective prevention of viral spread and infection. | 2016 | 27153622 |
| influenza vaccine effectiveness in italy: age, subtype-specific and vaccine type estimates 2014/15 season. | the 2014/15 influenza season in europe was characterised by the circulation of influenza a(h3n2) viruses with an antigenic and genetic mismatch from the vaccine strain a/texas/50/2012(h3n2) recommended for the northern hemisphere for the 2014/15 season. italy, differently from other eu countries where most of the subtyped influenza a viruses were h3n2, experienced a 2014/15 season characterized by an extended circulation of two influenza viruses: a(h1n1)pdm09 and a(h3n2), that both contributed s ... | 2016 | 27154392 |
| seasonal influenza a/h3n2 virus infection and il-1β, il-10, il-17, and il-28 polymorphisms in iranian population. | increased blood cytokines is the main immunopathological process that were attributed to severe clinical outcomes in cases of influenza a/h3n2 virus infection. the study was aimed to investigate the polymorphisms of il-1β, il-10, il-17, and il-28 genes to find the possibility of their association with the clinical outcome of influenza a/h3n2 virus infection among the infected patients in iran. this is a case-control study in which influenza a/h3n2 virus positive confirmed with real-time pcr were ... | 2016 | 27155288 |
| enhanced replication of avian-origin h3n2 canine influenza virus in eggs, cell cultures and mice by a two-amino acid insertion in neuraminidase stalk. | canine influenza virus (civ) is a newly identified, highly contagious respiratory pathogen in dogs. recent studies indicate that avian-origin h3n2 civ are circulating in chinese dogs. to investigate the effects of a two-amino acid (2-aa) insertion naturally occurring at the distal end of the neuraminidase (na) stalk found in chinese isolates since 2010 on virus replication and virulence, we rescued the civ strain, a/canine/jiangsu/06/2011(h3n2) and its na mutant without the 2-aa insertion using ... | 2016 | 27160077 |
| microrna regulation of human genes essential for influenza a (h7n9) replication. | influenza a viruses are important pathogens of humans and animals. while seasonal influenza viruses infect humans every year, occasionally animal-origin viruses emerge to cause pandemics with significantly higher morbidity and mortality rates. in march 2013, the public health authorities of china reported three cases of laboratory confirmed human infection with avian influenza a (h7n9) virus, and subsequently there have been many cases reported across south east asia and recently in north americ ... | 2016 | 27166678 |
| first documented case of influenza a (h3n2 subtype) infection in a patient with complete interferon gamma receptor 1 deficiency: a call for systemic vaccination strategies. | 2016 | 27171582 | |
| co-delivery of gpi-anchored ccl28 and influenza ha in chimeric virus-like particles induces cross-protective immunity against h3n2 viruses. | influenza infection typically initiates at respiratory mucosal surfaces. induction of immune responses at the sites where pathogens initiate replication is crucial for the prevention of infection. we studied the adjuvanticity of gpi-anchored ccl28 co-incorporated with influenza ha-antigens in chimeric virus-like particles (cvlps), in boosting strong protective immune responses through an intranasal (i.n.) route in mice. we compared the immune responses to that from influenza vlps without ccl28, ... | 2016 | 27178810 |
| phylodynamics with migration: a computational framework to quantify population structure from genomic data. | when viruses spread, outbreaks can be spawned in previously unaffected regions. depending on the time and mode of introduction, each regional outbreak can have its own epidemic dynamics. the migration and phylodynamic processes are often intertwined and need to be taken into account when analyzing temporally and spatially structured virus data. in this article, we present a fully probabilistic approach for the joint reconstruction of phylodynamic history in structured populations (such as geogra ... | 2016 | 27189573 |
| enhanced genetic characterization of influenza a(h3n2) viruses and vaccine effectiveness by genetic group, 2014-2015. | during the 2014-2015 us influenza season, expanded genetic characterization of circulating influenza a(h3n2) viruses was used to assess the impact of the genetic variability of influenza a(h3n2) viruses on influenza vaccine effectiveness (ve). | 2016 | 27190176 |
| epidemiology of hospital admissions with influenza during the 2013/2014 northern hemisphere influenza season: results from the global influenza hospital surveillance network. | the global influenza hospital surveillance network was established in 2012 to obtain valid epidemiologic data on hospital admissions with influenza-like illness. here we describe the epidemiology of admissions with influenza within the northern hemisphere sites during the 2013/2014 influenza season, identify risk factors for severe outcomes and complications, and assess the impact of different influenza viruses on clinically relevant outcomes in at-risk populations. | 2016 | 27196667 |
| drug-resistant and genetic evolutionary analysis of influenza virus from patients during the 2013 and 2014 influenza season in beijing. | the study aimed to analyze drug resistance and mutations and genetic evolution of influenza a and influenza b viruses during the 2013 and 2014 influenza season in beijing, china. rna was extracted from pharyngeal or nasal swabs of 28 patients, and determination of influenza genotypes was performed by using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. influenza a virus samples were sequenced with the neuraminidase (na) gene and m2 matrix protein gene to determine the na inhibitor (n ... | 2017 | 27203354 |
| enhanced catalytic activity of gold nanoparticle-carbon nanotube hybrids for influenza virus detection. | multifunctional nanohybrids have created new and valuable opportunities for a wide range of catalysis and biotechnology applications. here, we present a relatively simple method for producing nanohybrids composed of gold nanoparticles (au nps) and carbon nanotubes (cnts) that does not require an acidic pre-treatment of the cnts. transmission electron microscopy (tem) images and ultraviolet-visible (uv-vis) spectra revealed that au nps bonded to the cnt surface. surface-enhanced raman scattering ... | 2016 | 27209577 |
| evaluation of the immunogenicity and protective effects of a trivalent chimeric norovirus p particle immunogen displaying influenza ha2 from subtypes h1, h3 and b. | the ectodomain of the influenza a virus (iav) hemagglutinin (ha) stem is highly conserved across strains and has shown promise as a universal influenza vaccine in a mouse model. in this study, potential b-cell epitopes were found through sequence alignment and epitope prediction in a stem fragment, ha2:90-105, which is highly conserved among virus subtypes h1, h3 and b. a norovirus (nov) p particle platform was used to express the ha2:90-105 sequences from subtypes h1, h3 and b in loops 1, 2 and ... | 2016 | 27222326 |
| live attenuated influenza vaccine in children induces b-cell responses in tonsils. | tonsils play a key role in eliciting immune responses against respiratory pathogens. little is known about how tonsils contribute to the local immune response after intranasal vaccination. here, we uniquely report the mucosal humoral responses in tonsils and saliva after intranasal live attenuated influenza vaccine (laiv) vaccination in children. | 2016 | 27247344 |
| are atypical lymphocytes present with viral influenza-like illnesses (ilis) in hospitalized adults? | the purpose of this investigation was to determine if atypical lymphocytes were of diagnostic value in viral influenza-like illnesses (ilis) in hospitalized adults during the influenza season. are atypical lymphocytes present with viral ilis in hospitalized adults? during the influenza season, hospitals are inundated with influenza and viral ilis, e.g., human parainfluenza virus-3 (hpiv-3). without specific testing, clinically, it is difficult to differentiate influenza from ilis, and surrogate ... | 2016 | 27250631 |
| canine influenza virus coinfection with staphylococcus pseudintermedius enhances bacterial colonization, virus load and clinical presentation in mice. | canine influenza virus (civ) and staphylococcus pseudintermedius (sp) are pathogens that cause respiratory disease in dogs. considering bacterial infections following influenza are a leading cause of illness and death, it is of particular meaning to investigate the interaction between these two pathogens. in this study, balb/c mice were used as a mouse model to assess whether inoculation with civ h3n2 followed by s. pseudintermedius 72 h later resulted in exacerbation of disease. disease was cha ... | 2016 | 27259293 |
| mycophenolic acid, an immunomodulator, has potent and broad-spectrum in vitro antiviral activity against pandemic, seasonal and avian influenza viruses affecting humans. | immunomodulators have been shown to improve the outcome of severe pneumonia. we have previously shown that mycophenolic acid (mpa), an immunomodulator, has antiviral activity against influenza a/wsn/1933(h1n1) using a high-throughput chemical screening assay. this study further investigated the antiviral activity and mechanism of action of mpa against contemporary clinical isolates of influenza a and b viruses. the 50 % cellular cytotoxicity (cc50) of mpa in madin darby canine kidney cell line w ... | 2016 | 27259985 |
| global update on the susceptibility of human influenza viruses to neuraminidase inhibitors, 2014-2015. | the world health organization (who) collaborating centres for reference and research on influenza (who ccs) tested 13,312 viruses collected by who recognized national influenza centres between may 2014 and may 2015 to determine 50% inhibitory concentration (ic50) data for neuraminidase inhibitors (nais) oseltamivir, zanamivir, peramivir and laninamivir. ninety-four per cent of the viruses tested by the who ccs were from three who regions: western pacific, the americas and europe. approximately 0 ... | 2016 | 27265623 |
| phylogenetic analysis and pathogenicity of h3 subtype avian influenza viruses isolated from live poultry markets in china. | h3 subtype influenza a virus is one of the main subtypes that threats both public and animal health. however, the evolution and pathogenicity of h3 avian influenza virus (aiv) circulating in domestic birds in china remain largely unclear. in this study, seven h3 aivs (four h3n2 and three h3n8) were isolated from poultry in live poultry market (lpm) in china. phylogenetic analyses of full genomes showed that all viruses were clustered into eurasian lineage, except n8 genes of two h3n8 isolates fe ... | 2016 | 27270298 |
| a novel small-molecule compound disrupts influenza a virus pb2 cap-binding and inhibits viral replication. | the conserved residues 318-483 in the pb2 subunit of influenza a polymerase is an independently folded cap-binding domain (pb2cap) that exhibits a distinct binding mode from other host cap-binding proteins, which suggests that pb2cap might be an ideal drug target. this study aimed to identify a new class of anti-influenza inhibitors that specifically disrupts the interaction between pb2cap and host cap structures. | 2016 | 27272726 |
| the human antimicrobial protein bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (bpi) inhibits the infectivity of influenza a virus. | in addition to their well-known antibacterial activity some antimicrobial peptides and proteins (amps) display also antiviral effects. a 27 aa peptide from the n-terminal part of human bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (bpi) previously shown to harbour antibacterial activity inhibits the infectivity of multiple influenza a virus strains (h1n1, h3n2 and h5n1) the causing agent of the influenza pneumonia. in contrast, the homologous murine bpi-peptide did not show activity against influ ... | 2016 | 27273104 |
| phylodynamics of influenza a(h3n2) in south america, 1999-2012. | the limited influenza a(h3n2) genetic data available from the southern hemisphere (particularly from africa and latin america), constrains the accurate reconstruction of viral dissemination dynamics within those regions. our objective was to describe the spatial dissemination dynamics of influenza a(h3n2) within south america. a total of 469 sequences of the ha1 portion of the hemagglutinin gene (ha) from influenza a(h3n2) viruses sampled in temperate and tropical south american countries betwee ... | 2016 | 27275847 |
| effects of previous episodes of influenza and vaccination in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza in navarre, spain, 2013/14 season. | we estimated whether previous episodes of influenza and trivalent influenza vaccination prevented laboratory-confirmed influenza in navarre, spain, in season 2013/14. patients with medically-attended influenza-like illness (ma-ili) in hospitals (n = 645) and primary healthcare (n = 525) were included. we compared 589 influenza cases and 581 negative controls. ma-ili related to a specific virus subtype in the previous five seasons was defined as a laboratory-confirmed influenza infection with the ... | 2016 | 27277013 |
| correction: accelerating influenza research: vaccines, antivirals, immunomodulators and monoclonal antibodies. the manufacture of a new wild-type h3n2 virus for the human viral challenge model. | [this corrects the article doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145902.]. | 2017 | 27280602 |
| influenza activity - united states, 2015-16 season and composition of the 2016-17 influenza vaccine. | during the 2015-16 influenza season (october 4, 2015-may 21, 2016) in the united states, influenza activity* was lower and peaked later compared with the previous three seasons (2012-13, 2013-14, and 2014-15). activity remained low from october 2015 until late december 2015 and peaked in mid-march 2016. during the most recent 18 influenza seasons (including this season), only two other seasons have peaked in march (2011-12 and 2005-06). overall influenza activity was moderate this season, with a ... | 2016 | 27281364 |
| effectiveness of the 2013 and 2014 southern hemisphere influenza vaccines against laboratory-confirmed influenza in young children using a test-negative design, bangkok, thailand. | the thai advisory committee on immunization practices recommends annual influenza vaccination for children 6 months through 2 years of age, although older children may be vaccinated on request. we evaluated the effectiveness of the 2013 and 2014 inactivated influenza vaccines to reduce medically attended, laboratory-confirmed influenza illness among thai children aged 7-60 months. | 2016 | 27307102 |
| historical and recent cases of h3 influenza a virus in turkeys in minnesota. | subtype h3 influenza a viruses (iavs) are abundant in wild waterfowl and also infect humans, pigs, horses, dogs, and seals. in minnesota, turkeys are important and frequent hosts of iav from wild waterfowl and from pigs. over 48 yr of surveillance history, 11 hemagglutinin (ha) subtypes of iav from waterfowl, as well as two ha subtypes from swine, h1 and h3, have infected turkeys in minnesota. however, there have only been two cases of avian-origin h3 iav infections in turkeys during this 48-yr ... | 2016 | 27309087 |
| peripheral leukocyte migration in ferrets in response to infection with seasonal influenza virus. | in order to better understand inflammation associated with influenza virus infection, we measured cell trafficking, via flow cytometry, to various tissues in the ferret model following infection with an a(h3n2) human seasonal influenza virus (a/perth/16/2009). changes in immune cells were observed in the blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and spleen, as well as lymph nodes associated with the site of infection or distant from the respiratory system. nevertheless clinical symptoms were mild, wi ... | 2016 | 27315117 |
| influenza a virus drift variants reduced the detection sensitivity of a commercial multiplex nucleic acid amplification assay in the season 2014/15. | the influenza season 2014/15 was dominated by drift variants of influenza a(h3n2), which resulted in a reduced vaccine effectiveness. it was not clear if the performance of commercial nucleic-acid-based amplification (nat) assays for the detection of influenza was affected. the purpose of this study was to perform a real-life evaluation of two commercial nat assays. during january-april 2015, we tested a total of 665 samples from patients with influenza-like illness using the fast track diagnost ... | 2016 | 27316440 |
| antiviral susceptibility of influenza viruses isolated from patients pre- and post-administration of favipiravir. | favipiravir, a viral rna-dependent rna polymerase inhibitor, has recently been approved in japan for influenza pandemic preparedness. here, we conducted a cell-based screening system to evaluate the susceptibility of influenza viruses to favipiravir. in this assay, the antiviral activity of favipiravir is determined by inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect, which can be measured by using a colorimetric cell proliferation assay. to demonstrate the robustness of the assay, we compared the ... | 2016 | 27321665 |
| il-2 and il-6 cooperate to enhance the generation of influenza-specific cd8 t cells responding to live influenza virus in aged mice and humans. | an age-related decline in cytolytic activity has been described in cd8+ t cells and we have previously shown that the poor cd8+ effector t cell responses to influenza a/h3n2 challenge result from a decline in the proportion and function of these cytolytic t lymphocytes (ctl). here, we describe that addition of exogenous cytokines to influenza-stimulated pbmc from both aged mice and humans, enhances the generation of influenza specific cd8 ctl by increasing their proliferation and survival. our d ... | 2016 | 27322555 |
| eyedrop vaccination induced systemic and mucosal immunity against influenza virus in ferrets. | we investigated eyedrop vaccination (edv) in pre-clinical development for immunological protection against influenza and for potential side effects involving ocular inflammation and the central nervous system (cns). live attenuated influenza edv, ca07 (h1n1), pz-4 (h1n2) and uruguay (h3n2), induced both systemic and mucosal virus-specific antibody responses in ferrets. in addition, edv resulted in a clinically significant protection against viral challenge, and suppression of viral replication i ... | 2016 | 27333331 |
| influenza a viruses detected in swine in southern germany after the h1n1 pandemic in 2009. | infections with influenza a viruses (iav) are highly prevalent in swine populations, and stable cocirculation of at least three lineages has been well documented in european swine - till 2009. however, since the emergence of the human pandemic pdmh1n1 virus in 2009, which has been (re)introduced into individual swine herds worldwide, the situation has been changing. these variations in the respective iav pools within pig populations are of major interest, and the zoonotic potential of putative e ... | 2016 | 27334519 |
| combination activity of neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir and α-tocopherol in influenza virus a (h3n2) infection in mice. | influenza is a highly contagious viral infection of the respiratory system. to attack two processes involved in flu pathogenesis-viral replication in the infected body and oxidative damages, we studied the combination effect of neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir and antioxidant α-tocopherol in experimental model of influenza. | 2015 | 27341844 |
| in vitro neuraminidase inhibitory concentration (ic50) of four neuraminidase inhibitors against clinical isolates of the influenza viruses circulating in the 2010-2011 to 2014-2015 japanese influenza seasons. | to assess the extent of viral resistance to the four neuraminidase inhibitors (nais), we measured their 50% inhibitory concentration (ic50) for influenza virus isolates from the 2014-2015 influenza season for comparison with those circulating in the 2010-2011 to 2013-2014 influenza seasons. viral isolation was done with specimens obtained prior to treatment, and the type and subtype of influenza was determined by rt-pcr using type- and subtype-specific primers. the ic50 was determined by a neura ... | 2016 | 27346379 |
| safety and immunogenicity of 3 seasonal trivalent influenza vaccines in the chinese military. | influenza, caused by the influenza virus, is a contagious acute viral respiratory disease with a high incidence rate and wide and rapid spread. influenza-related morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization rates remain high and are increasing continuously in high-risk groups, with a significant impact on human health and the economy. in order to evaluate the immunogenicity of 3 seasonal trivalent influenza vaccines in chinese military, we conducted this field trial. we assessed the safety and immu ... | 2016 | 27348250 |
| is the onset of influenza in the community age-related? | we studied the spread of influenza in the community between 1993 and 2009 using primary-care surveillance data to investigate if the onset of influenza was age-related. virus detections [a(h3n2), b, a(h1n1)] and clinical incidence of influenza-like illness (ili) in 12·3 million person-years in the long-running royal college of general practitioners-linked clinical-virological surveillance programme in england & wales were examined. the number of days between symptom onset and the all-age peak il ... | 2016 | 27350234 |
| generation and protective ability of influenza virus-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in humans elicited by vaccination, natural infection, and experimental challenge. | nonneutralizing antibodies (abs) involved in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) may provide some protection from influenza virus infection. the ability of influenza vaccines to induce adcc-mediating abs (adcc-abs) in adults and children is unclear. | 2016 | 27354365 |
| determination of current reference viruses for serological study of swine influenza viruses after the introduction of pandemic 2009 h1n1 (pdmh1n1) in thailand. | since the introduction of pandemic h1n1 2009 virus (pdmh1n1) in pigs, the status of thai swine influenza virus (siv) has changed. the pdmh1n1 and its reassortant viruses have become the predominant strain circulating in the thai swine population based on the surveillance data from 2012 to 2014. for this reason, the reference viruses for serological assays using the hemagglutination inhibition (hi) test needed to be updated. six anti-sera against reference viruses from 2006 to 2009 (enh1n1-06, en ... | 2016 | 27355862 |
| [preparation and detection of anti-influenza a virus polymerase basic protein 1 polyclonal antibody]. | influenza a virus is an enveloped virus that belongs to the orthomyxoviridae family. it has 8 negative rna segments that encode 16 viral proteins. the viral polymerase consists of 3 proteins (pb 1, pb2 and pa) which plays an important role in the transcription and replication of the influenza a virus. polymerase basic protein 1 (pb 1) is a critical member of viral polymerase complex. in order to further study the function of pb1, we need to prepare the pb1 antibody with good quality. therefore, ... | 2016 | 27363203 |
| the emergence and consistency of influenza strains causing influenza like illness in himachal pradesh, india. | the present study offers the status of ongoing surveillance influenza at national influenza surveillance centre (nisc), central research institute (cri), kasauli for the emergence and consistency of influenza strains for current as well as over a period of three decades in solan, himachal pradesh. from 1980 to 2015, various clinical centers of himachal reported counts of influenza-like illness (fever including cough or sore throat). during these years, the respiratory specimens of 6581 patients ... | 2016 | 27366763 |
| influenza vaccine effectiveness against antigenically drifted influenza higher than expected in hospitalized adults: 2014-2015. | the 2014-2015 influenza season was severe, with circulating influenza a (h3n2) viruses that were antigenically drifted from the vaccine virus. reported vaccine effectiveness (ve) estimates from ambulatory care settings were markedly decreased. | 2016 | 27369320 |
| persistent infection of drug-resistant influenza a virus during chemotherapy for malignant lymphoma. | we herein report the case of an 80-year-old man with malignant lymphoma who became persistently infected with influenza a virus. although he was repeatedly treated with na inhibitors, such as oseltamivir or peramivir, nasal cavity swab tests for influenza a antigen continued to be positive for more than 2 months. virological analyses revealed that he was infected with the na inhibitor-resistant a (h3n2) virus possessing an r292k substitution in the na protein. these findings suggest that a drug- ... | 2016 | 27374689 |
| integrated microfluidic device using a single universal aptamer to detect multiple types of influenza viruses. | dna aptamers that can bind specific molecular targets have great potential as probes for microbial diagnostic applications. however, aptamers may change their conformation under different operating conditions, thus affecting their affinity and specificity towards the target molecules. in this study, a new integrated microfluidic system was developed that exploited the predictable change in conformation of a single universal influenza aptamer exposed to differing ion concentrations in order to de ... | 2016 | 27376195 |
| a novel endonuclease inhibitor exhibits broad-spectrum anti-influenza virus activity in vitro. | antiviral drugs are important in preventing and controlling influenza, particularly when vaccines are ineffective or unavailable. a single class of antiviral drugs, the neuraminidase inhibitors (nais), is recommended for treating influenza. the limited therapeutic options and the potential risk of antiviral resistance are driving the search for additional small-molecule inhibitors that act on influenza virus proteins. the acid polymerase (pa) of influenza viruses is a promising target for new an ... | 2016 | 27381402 |
| probing the impact of quercetin-7-o-glucoside on influenza virus replication influence. | influenza virus is still at large and seriously affects social welfare and health. dianthus superbus is a well-known medicinal plant widely used in mongolian and chinese traditional medicine for anti-inflammatory purposes. | 2016 | 27387404 |
| influenza virus a(h1n1)2009 antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in young children prior to the h1n1 pandemic. | pre-existing immunity played a significant role in protection during the latest influenza a virus h1n1 pandemic, especially in older age groups. structural similarities were found between a(h1n1)2009 and older h1n1 virus strains to which humans had already been exposed. broadly cross-reactive antibodies capable of neutralizing the a(h1n1)2009 virus have been implicated in this immune protection in adults. we investigated the serological profile of a group of young children aged 9 years (n=55), f ... | 2016 | 27412007 |
| seroepidemiological evidence of subtype h3n8 influenza virus infection among pet dogs in china. | the h3n8 virus and the h3n2 virus are the main subtypes of canine influenza virus (civ). h3n8 civ mainly circulates in america, and h3n2 civ mainly circulates in asia. however, there was an outbreak of the asian h3n2 virus in the united states (us) in 2015. thus, it is important to evaluate the presence of subtype h3n8 virus in dogs in china. from may 2015 to november 2015, 600 sera from pet dogs were collected from guangzhou, shanghai, beijing and shenzhen for hemagglutination inhibition (hi) a ... | 2016 | 27414031 |
| anti-hemagglutinin antibody derived lead peptides for inhibitors of influenza virus binding. | antibodies against spike proteins of influenza are used as a tool for characterization of viruses and therapeutic approaches. however, development, production and quality control of antibodies is expensive and time consuming. to circumvent these difficulties, three peptides were derived from complementarity determining regions of an antibody heavy chain against influenza a spike glycoprotein. their binding properties were studied experimentally, and by molecular dynamics simulations. two peptide ... | 2016 | 27415624 |
| evaluating the case for trivalent or quadrivalent influenza vaccines. | influenza viruses circulate widely throughout the world and it is estimated that they affect between 5 and 15% of the population annually. since 1977, four viruses co-circulate - two a viruses (h1n1 and h3n2) and two b viruses (b yamagata and b victoria). type a viruses generally cause up to two thirds of annual infections, although single country studies have shown that b infections may be the predominant virus in the one year in four. influenza vaccines have traditionally included the hamagglu ... | 2016 | 27435025 |
| the pb2 subunit of the influenza a virus rna polymerase is imported into the mitochondrial matrix. | the polymerase basic 2 (pb2) subunit of the rna polymerase complex of seasonal human influenza a viruses has been shown to localize to the mitochondria. various roles, including the regulation of apoptosis and innate immune responses to viral infection, have been proposed for mitochondrial pb2. in particular, pb2 has been shown to inhibit interferon expression by associating with the mitochondrial antiviral signaling (mavs) protein, which acts downstream of rig-i and mda-5 in the interferon indu ... | 2016 | 27440905 |
| hospital surveillance of influenza strains: a concordant image of viruses identified by the swiss sentinel system? | the swiss sentinel system for influenza virus surveillance reports influenza-like illness in the community through a network of primary care practitioners, but the epidemiologic, demographic, and virological characterization may differ from that observed in hospitalized patients with influenza. | 2017 | 27441401 |
| oseltamivir resistance in an influenza a (h3n2) virus isolated from an immunocompromised patient during the 2014-2015 influenza season in alberta, canada. | this manuscript describes the identification of an oseltamivir-resistant influenza a (h3n2) virus in a respiratory specimen collected from an immunocompromised patient in alberta, canada, during the 2014-2015 influenza season. following treatment with oseltamivir, neuraminidase (na) gene sequencing indicated the presence of an r292k mutation. phenotypic susceptibility testing by the na-star assay indicated a highly reduced inhibition by oseltamivir and normal inhibition by zanamivir. the use of ... | 2016 | 27442795 |
| age-specific genetic and antigenic variations of influenza a viruses in hong kong, 2013-2014. | age-specific genetic and antigenic variations of influenza viruses have not been documented in tropical and subtropical regions. we implemented a systematic surveillance program in two tertiary hospitals in hong kong island, to collect 112 a(h1n1)pdm09 and 254 a(h3n2) positive specimens from 2013 to 2014. of these, 56 and 72 were identified as genetic variants of the who recommended vaccine composition strains, respectively. a subset of these genetic variants was selected for hemagglutination-in ... | 2016 | 27453320 |
| fluzone® intradermal quadrivalent influenza vaccine. | an intradermal version of fluzone® split-virion inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine, containing 9 µg hemagglutinin per strain of a/h1n1, a/h3n2, and one b lineage virus (fluzone intradermal, sanofi pasteur), became available in the us during the 2011-2012 influenza season for adults 18-64 years of age. in advance of the 2015-2016 season, fluzone intradermal was replaced with fluzone intradermal quadrivalent vaccine, which contains 9 µg hemagglutinin per strain of the two a-strain viruses and ... | 2016 | 27457797 |
| highly sensitive detection of influenza virus by boron-doped diamond electrode terminated with sialic acid-mimic peptide. | the progression of influenza varies according to age and the presence of an underlying disease; appropriate treatment is therefore required to prevent severe disease. anti-influenza therapy, such as with neuraminidase inhibitors, is effective, but diagnosis at an early phase of infection before viral propagation is critical. here, we show that several dozen plaque-forming units (pfu) of influenza virus (ifv) can be detected using a boron-doped diamond (bdd) electrode terminated with a sialic aci ... | 2016 | 27457924 |
| neutralization and binding profile of monoclonal antibodies generated against influenza a h1n1 viruses. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) provide scope for the development of better therapeutics and diagnostic tools. herein, we describe the binding and neutralization profile(s) for a panel of murine mabs generated against influenza a h1n1 viruses elicited by immunization with pandemic h1 recombinant hemagglutinin (rha)/whole virus or seasonal h1 rha. neutralizing mabs, ma-2070 and ma-m, were obtained after pandemic a/california/07/2009 (h1n1) virus/rha immunization(s). both mabs reacted specifically wi ... | 2016 | 27463230 |
| clinical characteristics and factors associated with severe acute respiratory infection and influenza among children in jingzhou, china. | influenza is an important cause of respiratory illness in children, but data are limited on hospitalized children with laboratory-confirmed influenza in china. | 2017 | 27465959 |
| molecular and antigenic characterization of the h3 hemagglutinin of h3n2 influenza a virus strains collected in the czech republic during the 2014/2015 epidemic season. | the 2014/2015 influenza epidemic season was characterized by the predominance of the h3n2 subtype. the presented study investigated the genetic and antigenic heterogeneity of the h3n2 strains collected in the czech republic from november 2014 to march 2015. phylogenetic analysis of the representative h3 hemagglutinin sequences was performed and the glycosylation status and crucial antigenic mutations were compared relative to the 2014 and 2015 vaccine strains (a/texas/50/2012 and a/switzerland/9 ... | 2017 | 27467326 |
| effect of statin use on influenza vaccine effectiveness. | recent studies suggest that statin use may reduce influenza vaccine effectiveness (ve), but laboratory-confirmed influenza was not assessed. | 2016 | 27471318 |
| identification of combinatorial host-specific signatures with a potential to affect host adaptation in influenza a h1n1 and h3n2 subtypes. | the underlying strategies used by influenza a viruses (iavs) to adapt to new hosts while crossing the species barrier are complex and yet to be understood completely. several studies have been published identifying singular genomic signatures that indicate such a host switch. the complexity of the problem suggested that in addition to the singular signatures, there might be a combinatorial use of such genomic features, in nature, defining adaptation to hosts. | 2016 | 27473048 |
| recognition of influenza h3n2 variant virus by human neutralizing antibodies. | since 2011, over 300 human cases of infection, especially in exposed children, with the influenza a h3n2 variant (h3n2v) virus that circulates in swine in the us have been reported. the structural and genetic basis for the lack of protection against h3n2v induced by vaccines containing seasonal h3n2 antigens is poorly understood. we isolated 17 human monoclonal antibodies (mabs) that neutralized h3n2v virus from subjects experimentally immunized with an h3n2v candidate vaccine. six mabs exhibite ... | 2016 | 27482543 |
| influenza a virus in backyard pigs and poultry in rural cambodia. | surveillance of influenza virus in humans and livestock is critical, given the worldwide public health threats and livestock production losses. livestock farming involving close proximity between humans, pigs and poultry is often practised by smallholders in low-income countries and is considered an important driver of influenza virus evolution. this study determined the prevalence and genetic characteristics of influenza a virus (iav) in backyard pigs and poultry in cambodia. a total of 751 ani ... | 2016 | 27484711 |