Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| carcass and meat quality characteristics from iberian wild red deer (cervus elaphus) hunted at different ages. | deer-meat consumption is increasing in several countries based on claims that it is a healthy red meat. this study assessed the effect of slaughter age (low - 26 months and younger; medium - from 27 months to younger than 42 months; and high - 42 months and older) on carcass characteristics and meat physicochemical properties of 150 iberian wild red deer. | 2019 | 30270485 |
| [structural–functional condition of the thyroid gland of red deer at different stages of postnatal ontogenesis]. | the histological structure and morphometric and some histochemical indices of thyroid gland ofmaral as a subspecies of red deer at the postnatal stage of ontogenesis were studied. it was established that thegland was structurally formed by the time of the birth. c-cells are detected at 6 months of age. with age, theratio of follicles of different sizes changed: smaller forms predominate in newborns and those 6 months old,medium and large predominate in adults and in old deer. histological, morph ... | 2018 | 30272886 |
| establishment of fascioloides magna in a new region of hungary: case report. | during the monitoring of red deer (n = 124) and fallow deer (n = 13) populations in four neighbouring areas, the presence of fascioloides magna was confirmed in southwestern hungary. the prevalence and the mean intensity of the infection within the host populations ranged between 0 and 100% and 0-36.3, respectively. the determined prevalences are similar to that observed earlier in other european natural foci. the authors hypothesise that the appearance of f. magna in this region should have bee ... | 2018 | 30284615 |
| changing environments during the middle-upper palaeolithic transition in the eastern cantabrian region (spain): direct evidence from stable isotope studies on ungulate bones. | environmental change has been proposed as a factor that contributed to the extinction of the neanderthals in europe during mis3. currently, the different local environmental conditions experienced at the time when anatomically modern humans (amh) met neanderthals are not well known. in the western pyrenees, particularly, in the eastern end of the cantabrian coast of the iberian peninsula, extensive evidence of neanderthal and subsequent amh activity exists, making it an ideal area in which to ex ... | 2018 | 30287834 |
| molecular confirmation of hymenolepis hibernia in field mice (apodemus sylvaticus) from st kilda has potential to resolve a host-parasite relationship. | insular wildlife populations provide opportunities to examine biological questions in systems that are relatively closed and potentially tractable, striking examples being the long-term studies of ecology and evolution in the red deer and feral sheep populations on the hebridean islands of rum and st kilda. in the case of parasitology, understanding of parasitic infections insular wildlife populations in conjunction with knowledge of their origins has the potential to add a fresh perspective to ... | 2018 | 30302311 |
| a further increase in the prevalence and intensity of infection with ashworthius sidemi nematodes in red deer in the lower silesian wilderness | the nematode ashworthius sidemi is a typical parasite of asiatic deer, particularly sika deer (cervus nippon). it was probably first carried into poland by migrating red deer. the aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and intensity of a. sidemi infection in roe deer and red deer in the lower silesian wilderness in the winter season 2015/2016. parasitological necropsy of 34 abomasa of red deer from forest district ruszów wasperformed. the prevalence of a. sidemi infection was f ... | 2019 | 30316210 |
| between-year vocal aging in female red deer (cervus elaphus). | studying animal vocal aging has potential implication in the field of animal welfare and for modeling human voice aging. the objective was to examine, using a repeated measures approach, the between-year changes of weight, social discomfort score (bites of other hinds on hind pelt), body condition score (fat reserves) and acoustic variables of the nasal (closed-mouth) and the oral (open-mouth) contact calls produced by farmed red deer hinds (cervus elaphus) toward their young. | 2018 | 30333068 |
| molecular detection of babesia odocoilei in wild, farmed, and zoo cervids in ontario, canada. | babesia odocoilei, a tick-borne protozoan hemoparasite of white-tailed deer ( odocoileus virginianus), is being increasingly recognized as a cause of disease in captive cervids in north america. historically endemic in white-tailed deer, the natural wildlife reservoir in the southeastern us, b. odocoilei has been recently associated with hemolytic anemia in captive eurasian tundra reindeer ( rangifer tarandus tarandus), wapiti ( cervus canadensis), and woodland caribou ( rangifer tarandus caribo ... | 2019 | 30339101 |
| comparison of lead levels in edible parts of red deer hunted with lead or non-lead ammunition. | game meat may contain elevated concentrations of lead especially if lead-containing ammunition is used for hunting. then a health risk is possible for consumer groups with high game meat intake. the lead concentrations in three edible parts (marketable meat from the area close to the wound channel, saddle and haunch) of meat from red deer (cervus elaphus) between animals hunted either with lead or non‑lead ammunition were compared. furthermore, lead levels in game meat of lead-shot red deer were ... | 2019 | 30412876 |
| unprecedented high catecholamine production causing hair pigmentation after urinary excretion in red deer. | hormones have not been found in concentrations of orders of magnitude higher than nanograms per milliliter. here, we report urine concentrations of a catecholamine (norepinephrine) ranging from 0.05 to 0.5 g/l, and concentrations of its metabolite dl-3,4-dihydroxyphenyl glycol (dopeg) ranging from 1.0 to 44.5 g/l, in wild male red deer cervus elaphus hispanicus after lc-ms analyses. the dark ventral patch of male red deer, a recently described sexually selected signal, contains high amounts of d ... | 2019 | 30413834 |
| infection of wildlife by mycobacterium bovis in france assessment through a national surveillance system, sylvatub. | mycobacterium bovis infection was first described in free-ranging wildlife in france in 2001, with subsequent detection in hunter-harvested ungulates and badgers in areas where outbreaks of bovine tuberculosis (tb) were also detected in cattle. increasing concerns regarding tb in wildlife led the french general directorate for food (dgal) and the main institutions involved in animal health and wildlife management, to establish a national surveillance system for tb in free-ranging wildlife. this ... | 2018 | 30430112 |
| spatial analysis of wildlife tuberculosis based on a serologic survey using dried blood spots, portugal. | we investigated the spatial epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis (tb) in wildlife in a multihost system. we surveyed bovine tb in portugal by serologic analysis of elutes of dried blood spots obtained from hunted wild boar. we modeled spatial disease risk by using areal generalized linear mixed models with conditional autoregressive priors. antibodies against mycobaterium bovis were detected in 2.4% (95% ci 1.5%-3.8%) of 678 wild boar in 2 geographic clusters, and the predicted risk fits well wit ... | 2018 | 30457522 |
| sensitivity to antimicrobials of faecal buttiauxella spp. from roe and red deer (capreolus capreolus, cervus elaphus)detected with maldi-tof mass spectrometry. | wild ruminants are an interesting topic for research because only limited information exists regarding their microbiota. they could also be an environmental reservoir of undesirable bacteria for other animals or humans. in this study faeces of the 21 free-living animals was sampled (9 cervus elaphus-red deer, adult females, 12 capreolus capreolus-roe deer, young females). they were culled by selective-reductive shooting during the winter season of 2014/2015 in the strzałowo forest district-piska ... | 2018 | 30468327 |
| detection of seroconversion to bovine herpesvirus 1 related alphaherpesvirus and bovine viral diarrhea virusin polish free-living deer. | there are several infectious agents of domestic cattle that can also be present in free-living ruminant populations. these include bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) which are the causative agents of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and bovine viral diarrhea, respectively. the study was conducted on serum samples from 59 red deer, 24 roe deer, and 3 fallow deer (86 in total), originating from two geographically separate areas of poland. the samples were tested ... | 2018 | 30468331 |
| identification of velvet antler and its mixed varieties by uplc-qtof-ms combined with principal component analysis. | many species of velvet antler have been used as traditional medicine for thousands of years; however, as medicinal materials, velvet antler derived from different animals have different clinical effects. to distinguish the differences and homologies, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadruple-time of flight mass spectrometry (uplc-qtof-ms) coupled with principal component analysis (pca) was developed and applied to identify these antler samples derived from cervus nippon temminck, cervus ... | 2019 | 30500596 |
| coxiella burnetii in wild mammals: a systematic review. | coxiella burnetii is a multi-host bacterium that causes q fever in humans, a zoonosis that is emerging worldwide. the ecology of c. burnetii in wildlife is still poorly understood and the influence of host, environmental and pathogen factors is almost unknown. this study gathers current published information on different aspects of c. burnetii infection in wildlife, even in species with high reservoir potential and a high rate of interaction with livestock and humans, in order to partially fill ... | 2019 | 30506629 |
| reducing door-to-needle times for ischaemic stroke to a median of 30 minutes at a community hospital. | alteplase is an effective treatment for ischaemic stroke patients, and it is widely available at all primary stroke centres. the effectiveness of alteplase is highly time-dependent. large tertiary centres have reported significant improvements in their door-to-needle (dtn) times. however, these same improvements have not been reported at community hospitals. | 2019 | 30516454 |
| evaluating the individuality of animal-habitat relationships. | examining the ways in which animals use habitat and select resources to satisfy their life history requirements has important implications for ecology, evolution, and conservation. the advent of radio-tracking in the mid-20th century greatly expanded the scope of animal-habitat modeling. thereafter, it became common practice to aggregate telemetry data collected on a number of tagged individuals and fit one model describing resource selection at the population level. this convention, however, ru ... | 2018 | 30519415 |
| mobiseq: de novo snp discovery in model and non-model species through sequencing the flanking region of transposable elements. | in recent years, the availability of reduced representation library (rrl) methods has catalysed an expansion of genome-scale studies to characterize both model and non-model organisms. most of these methods rely on the use of restriction enzymes to obtain dna sequences at a genome-wide level. these approaches have been widely used to sequence thousands of markers across individuals for many organisms at a reasonable cost, revolutionizing the field of population genomics. however, there are still ... | 2019 | 30575257 |
| investigations on the distribution of schistosoma turkestanicum skrjabin, 1913 (trematoda: schistosomatidae) infection of red deer in hungary and a combined method for the detection of s. turkestanicum eggs in droppings. | additional geographical distribution of the central european populations of schistosoma turkestanicum and the detectability of their eggs in droppings were investigated in red deer samples, because this rare species had previously been shown only in a single hungarian habitat. samples from visceral organs, intestinal contents, and droppings on the ground from 11 hunting areas of hungary were investigated to find a new presence of this fluke. close to the first site of detection in the gemenc for ... | 2018 | 30580539 |
| investigation of association between bovine viral diarrhoea virus and cervid herpesvirus type-1, and abortion in new zealand farmed deer. | this study tested for association between bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) and cervid herpesvirus type-1 (cvhv-1) exposure and abortion in new zealand farmed red deer. rising two-year-old (r2, n = 22,130) and mixed-age (ma, n = 36,223) hinds from 87 and 71 herds, respectively, throughout new zealand were pregnancy tested using ultrasound early in gestation (scan-1) and 55-89 days later (scan-2) to detect mid-term abortion. sera from aborted and non-aborted hinds at scan-2 were tested for bvdv ... | 2019 | 30593353 |
| infection prevalence and ecotypes of anaplasma phagocytophilum in moose alces alces, red deer cervus elaphus, roe deer capreolus capreolus and ixodes ricinus ticks from norway. | the geographical expansion of the tick ixodes ricinus in northern europe is a serious concern for animal and human health. the pathogen anaplasma phagocytophilum is transmitted by ticks and causes emergences of tick-borne fever (anaplasmosis) in livestock. the transmission dynamics of the different ecotypes of a. phagocytophilum in the ecosystems is only partly determined. red deer and roe deer contribute to circulation of different ecotypes of a. phagocytophilum in continental europe, while the ... | 2019 | 30606222 |
| red deer in iberia: molecular ecological studies in a southern refugium and inferences on european postglacial colonization history. | the red deer (cervus elaphus) is a widespread wild ungulate in europe that has suffered strong anthropogenic impacts over their distribution during the last centuries, but also at the present time, due its economic importance as a game species. here we focus on the evolutionary history of the red deer in iberia, one of the three main southern refugial areas for temperate species in europe, and addressed the hypothesis of a cryptic refugia at higher latitudes during the last glacial maximum (lgm) ... | 2019 | 30620758 |
| after the fort mcmurray wildfire there are significant increases in mental health symptoms in grade 7-12 students compared to controls. | in order to examine the impact of disasters on adolescent mental health, this study compared population mental health survey data from two communities in alberta, canada: fort mcmurray, which experienced a major natural disaster, and red deer, which did not. | 2019 | 30630501 |
| cone-to-müller cell ratio in the mammalian retina: a survey of seven mammals with different lifestyle. | mammalian retinal glial (müller) cells are known to guide light through the inner retina to photoreceptors (franze et al., 2007; proc natl acad sci u s a 104:8287-8292). it was shown that müller cells transmit predominantly red-green and less violet-blue light (labin et al., 2014; nat commun 5:4319). it is not known whether this optical function is reflected in the cone-to-müller cell ratio. to determine this ratio in the retinas of mammals with different lifestyle, we evaluated the local densit ... | 2019 | 30641045 |
| intrafollicular growth differentiation factor 9: bone morphogenetic 15 ratio determines litter size in mammals†. | we previously showed that rat, pig, sheep, and red deer oocytes express species-specific ratios of gdf9: bmp15 mrna (3.7, 0.5, 1.26, and 0.1, respectively), and with the exception of the pig, they are directly correlated to litter size. the purpose of this study was to determine the alternative mechanism that enables pig oocytes to secrete low ratios whilst maintaining a large litter size. herein, we performed same- and cross-species coincubations of oocytes with granulosa cells (gcs) of rat, pi ... | 2019 | 30698706 |
| correction to: prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis e virus in pigs, wild boars, roe deer, red deer and moose in lithuania. | following publication of the original article [1], we have been notified of a typing error in the "discussion" section. | 2019 | 30704501 |
| landscape genetic analyses of cervus elaphus and sus scrofa: comparative study and analytical developments. | red deer and wild boar are two major game species whose populations are managed and live in areas impacted by human activities. measuring and understanding the impact of landscape features on individual movements and spatial patterns of genetic variability in these species is thus of importance for managers. a large number of individuals sampled across wallonia (belgium) for both species have been genotyped using microsatellite markers (respectively > 1700 and > 1200 genotyped individuals) and s ... | 2019 | 30710096 |
| characterisation of faecal staphylococci from roe deer (capreolus capreolus) and red deer (cervus elaphus) and their susceptibility to gallidermin. | our current knowledge of microbiota in wild ruminants is limited. the goal of this study was to evaluate staphylococcal species in red and roe deer for various attributes (haemolysis, dnase, and urease activities; lactic acid and biofilm production; and antibiotic profile) and their susceptibility to gallidermin. sixteen staphylococcal strains were identified from faeces of 21 free-living animals (9 adult female cervus elaphus-red deer and 12 young female capreolus capreolus-roe deer) sampled by ... | 2020 | 30710249 |
| seasonal home ranges and habitat selection of three elk (cervus elaphus) herds in north dakota. | changes in land use have resulted in range shifts of many wildlife species, including those entering novel environments, resulting in the critical need to understand their spatial ecology to inform ecosystem effects and management decisions. dispersing elk (cervus elaphus) were colonizing areas of suitable habitat in the northern great plains, usa, resulting in crop depredation complaints in these areas. although state resource managers had little information on these elk herds, limited evidence ... | 2019 | 30716128 |
| mycobacterium caprae infection of red deer in western austria-optimized use of pathology data to infer infection dynamics. | austria is officially bovine tuberculosis (tb) free, but during the last decade the west of the country experienced sporadic tb cases in cattle. free-ranging red deer are known to be the maintenance host of mycobacterium (m.) caprae in certain areas in austria, where cattle can become infected on alpine pastures shared with deer. the epidemiology of tb in deer in alpine regions is still poorly understood. to inform decisions on efficient interventions against tb in deer, a method is needed to be ... | 2018 | 30719435 |
| prevalence, levels and seasonal variations of human enteric viruses in six major rivers in alberta, canada. | the prevalence and seasonal variation of 7 viruses in 6 major rivers in alberta were assessed using a combination of qpcr, cell culture and integrated cell culture with qpcr (icc-qpcr). water samples were collected monthly from rivers at different sites upstream and downstream of major urban centers. seven viruses including rotavirus, adenovirus, astrovirus, norovirus, sapovirus, jc virus and enterovirus, were detected in at least one of the water samples at each site using qpcr. rotavirus was m ... | 2019 | 30743085 |
| prevalence and co-infection with tick-borne anaplasma phagocytophilum and babesia spp. in red deer (cervus elaphus) and roe deer (capreolus capreolus) in southern norway. | anaplasma phagocytophilum and babesia spp. are causative agents of tick-borne infections that are increasingly considered as a threat to animal and public health. to assess the role of cervids in the maintenance of zoonotic pathogens in norway, we investigated the prevalence of a. phagocytophilum and babesia spp. in free-ranging roe deer and red deer. initial screening of spleen samples of 104 animals by multiplex real-time pcr targeting the major surface protein (msp2) gene and 18s rrna reveale ... | 2019 | 30766793 |
| a new test to detect antibodies against mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in red deer serum. | red deer (cervus elaphus) farming is a growing economic activity worldwide. however, the capacity of this species to act as reservoir of animal tuberculosis (tb) poses a threat to other wildlife and to livestock. diagnostic assay accuracy in this species is therefore highly relevant for prevention and control measures. our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the protein complex p22, obtained from mycobacterium bovis derived purified protein derivative (bppd), as a candidate antigen ... | 2019 | 30825903 |
| weak spatiotemporal response of prey to predation risk in a freely interacting system. | the extent to which prey space use actively minimizes predation risk continues to ignite controversy. methodological reasons that have hindered consensus include inconsistent measurements of predation risk, biased spatiotemporal scales at which responses are measured and lack of robust null expectations. we addressed all three challenges in a comprehensive analysis of the spatiotemporal responses of adult female elk (cervus elaphus) to the risk of predation by wolves (canis lupus) during winter ... | 2020 | 30838656 |
| future suitability of habitat in a migratory ungulate under climate change. | with climate change, the effect of global warming on snow cover is expected to cause range expansion and enhance habitat suitability for species at their northern distribution limits. however, how this depends on landscape topography and sex in size-dimorphic species remains uncertain, and is further complicated for migratory animals following climate-driven seasonal resource fluctuations across vast landscapes. using 11 years of data from a partially migratory ungulate at their northern distrib ... | 2019 | 30890094 |
| radiocarbon dating and isotope analysis on the purported aurignacian skeletal remains from fontana nuova (ragusa, italy). | proving voyaging at sea by palaeolithic humans is a difficult archaeological task, even for short distances. in the mediterranean, a commonly accepted sea crossing is that from the italian peninsula to sicily by anatomically modern humans, purportedly of the aurignacian culture. this claim, however, was only supported by the typological attribution to the aurignacian of the lithic industries from the insular site of fontana nuova. ams radiocarbon dating undertaken as part of our research shows t ... | 2019 | 30893326 |
| sarcocystis species identification in the moose (alces alces) from the baltic states. | various muscle tissue samples from 60 moose (alces alces) in the baltic region were examined for sarcocystis species. sarcocysts were detected in 49 out of 60 (81.7%) moose investigated. six species, sarcocystis alces, sarcocystis hjorti, sarcocystis linearis, sarcocystis silva, sarcocystis ovalis, and sarcocystis sp., were identified using light microscopy (lm), and dna sequence analysis (cox1 and 18s rdna). sarcocysts of s. alces, s. ovalis, and s. hjorti were studied using transmission electr ... | 2019 | 30895383 |
| a wild circulation: high presence of porcine circovirus 3 in different mammalian wild hosts and ticks. | porcine circovirus 3 (pcv-3) has emerged as a potential threat for swine industry, being consistently reported in the presence of several clinical signs all around the world. recently, its presence in wild boar has been demonstrated at high prevalence. this evidence is surprising since the lower density of wild populations might not be expected to sustain such efficient viral transmission. porcine circoviruses were proven to exhibit a certain plasticity in the host tropism and were detected in u ... | 2019 | 30901142 |
| genospecies of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato detected in 16 mammal species and questing ticks from northern europe. | lyme borreliosis is the most common vector-borne zoonosis in the northern hemisphere, and the pathogens causing lyme borreliosis have distinct, incompletely described transmission cycles involving multiple host groups. the mammal community in fennoscandia differs from continental europe, and we have limited data on potential competent and incompetent hosts of the different genospecies of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (sl) at the northern distribution ranges where lyme borreliosis is emerging. ... | 2019 | 30911054 |
| unleaded hunting: are copper bullets and lead-based bullets equally effective for killing big game? | semi-jacketed lead-cored or copper-based homogenous rifle bullets are commonly used for hunting big game. ever since their introduction in the 1990's, copper-based bullets have not been widely accepted by hunters due to limited supply, higher expense, and the perception that they exhibit inferior killing efficiency and correspondingly higher wounding rates. here, we present data showing that animal flight distances for roe deer, red deer, brown bear, and moose dispatched with lead- or copper-bas ... | 2019 | 30919260 |
| first detection of chronic wasting disease in a wild red deer (cervus elaphus) in europe. | chronic wasting disease (cwd) is a fatal contagious prion disease naturally occurring in cervids in north america. in 2016, cwd was detected in wild reindeer (rangifer tarandus) and moose (alces alces) in norway. here, we report the first known naturally infected wild norwegian red deer (cervus elaphus). | 2019 | 30920905 |
| estimating the amount of chronic wasting disease infectivity passing through abattoirs and field slaughter. | chronic wasting disease (cwd) is a highly infectious, naturally occurring, transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (tse, or prion disease) affecting many cervid species. cwd has been widely circulating in north america since it was first reported in 1967. in 2016, the first european case of prion disease in deer was reported and confirmed in norway. there have since been several confirmed several cases in reindeer and moose and in one red deer in norway, and recently in a moose in finland. there ... | 2019 | 30935503 |
| joint effects of weather and interspecific competition on foraging behavior and survival of a mountain herbivore. | weather variations have the potential to influence species interactions, although effects on competitive interactions between species are poorly known. both weather and competition can influence foraging behavior and survival of herbivores during nursing/weaning, a critical period in the herbivore life cycle. we evaluated the joint effects of weather and competition with red deer cervus elaphus on the foraging behavior of adult female apennine chamois rupicapra pyrenaica ornata in summer, and on ... | 2019 | 30936905 |
| bacterial colonisation of reeds and cottonseed hulls in the rumen of tarim red deer (cervus elaphus yarkandensis). | the rumen microbiome contributes greatly to the degradation of plant fibres to volatile fatty acids and microbial products, affecting the health and productivity of ruminants. in this study, we investigated the dynamics of colonisation by bacterial communities attached to reeds and cottonseed hulls in the rumen of tarim red deer, a native species distributed in the desert of the tarim basin. the reed and cottonseed hull samples incubated in nylon bags for 1, 6, 12, and 48 h were collected and us ... | 2019 | 30941531 |
| the fine-scale landscape of immunity and parasitism in a wild ungulate population. | spatial heterogeneity in susceptibility and exposure to parasites is a common source of confounding variation in disease ecology studies. however, it is not known whether spatial autocorrelation acts on immunity at small scales, within wild animal populations, and whether this predicts spatial patterns in infection. here we used a well-mixed wild population of individually recognized red deer (cervus elaphus) inhabiting a heterogeneous landscape to investigate fine-scale spatial patterns of immu ... | 2019 | 30942858 |
| a novel parvovirus, roe deer copiparvovirus, identified in ixodes ricinus ticks. | the family parvoviridae contains diverse viruses that are capable of infecting a wide range of hosts. in this study, metagenomic sequencing of ixodes ricinus ticks harvested in 2016 on red deer (cervus elaphus) and european roe deer (capreolus capreolus) in belgium detected a new 6296-bp parvoviral genome. phylogenetic and sequence analyses showed the new virus belongs to a new species within the copiparvovirus genus. pcr screening of 4 pools of 10 serum samples from both deer species identified ... | 2019 | 30945175 |
| microwear and isotopic analyses on cave bear remains from toll cave reveal both short-term and long-term dietary habits. | dietary habits of the extinct ursus spelaeus have always been a controversial topic in paleontological studies. in this work, we investigate carbon and nitrogen values in the bone collagen and dental microwear of u. spelaeus specimens recovered in level 4 from toll cave (moià, catalonia, ne iberian peninsula). these remains have been dated to > 49,000 14c bp. the ability of both proxies to provide data on the diet of u. spelaeus at different times in the life-history (isotopes: average diet of l ... | 2019 | 30952915 |
| using genotyping-by-sequencing to predict gender in animals. | gender assignment errors are common in some animal species and lead to inaccuracies in downstream analyses. procedures for detecting gender misassignment are available for array-based snp data but are still being developed for genotyping-by-sequencing (gbs) data. in this study, we describe a method for using gbs data to predict gender using x and y chromosomal snps. from a set of 1286 x chromosomal and 23 y chromosomal deer (cervus sp.) snps discovered from gbs sequence reads, a prediction model ... | 2019 | 30957265 |
| a hierarchical bayesian approach for handling missing classification data. | ecologists use classifications of individuals in categories to understand composition of populations and communities. these categories might be defined by demographics, functional traits, or species. assignment of categories is often imperfect, but frequently treated as observations without error. when individuals are observed but not classified, these "partial" observations must be modified to include the missing data mechanism to avoid spurious inference.we developed two hierarchical bayesian ... | 2019 | 30962886 |
| maternal longevity and offspring sex in wild ungulates. | in species with sexual size dimorphism, the offspring of the larger sex usually have greater energy requirements and may lead to greater fitness costs for parents. the effects of offspring sex on maternal longevity, however, have only been tested in humans. human studies produced mixed results and considerable debate mainly owing to the difficulty of distinguishing the effects of sexual dimorphism from sociocultural factors. to advance this debate, we examined how the relative number of sons inf ... | 2019 | 30963926 |
| sex-specific differences in spring and autumn migration in a northern large herbivore. | ongoing global warming is now affecting migratory cycles in a large variety of taxa in seasonally variable environments. disruption of migratory systems can cause population decline and affect ecosystem function across the globe. it is therefore urgent to understand the drivers of migration and how the different fitness limitations of the sexes affect migration, but studies seldom considered the full annual cycle. we analysed the annual migration cycle of 237 red deer (cervus elaphus) in norway ... | 2019 | 30992511 |
| packaging venison for extended chilled storage: comparison of vacuum and modified atmosphere packaging containing 100% carbon dioxide. | thirty red deer ( cervus elaphus ) stags were slaughtered at three deer slaughter premises (plants a, b, and c) to determine the effects of initial microbial flora on the quality of chilled venison loins stored using three packaging methods: vacuum packaging (vp), modified atmosphere packaging using an ultra-high barrier outer barrier film (co2-uhb), and modified atmosphere packaging using a dual aluminized polyethylene outer barrier film (co2-mpet), all of which were stored for 6, 12, and 18 we ... | 1989 | 31003357 |
| quality parameters of hunted game meat: sensory analysis and ph monitoring. | the aim of the present research is to propose a new, quick and objective method for the certification of hunted and/or culled wild game meat quality and to monitor its origin and the hunting practices adopted by hunters. the expected deliverable is a new labelling scheme for italian hunted wild game meat that will guarantee high quality and safety standards for consumers and will decrease transaction costs of the supply chains. during the 2015, 2016 and 2017 hunting seasons, 1,056 hunted wild un ... | 2019 | 31008084 |
| red deer umbilical cord lining mesenchymal stem cell extract cream for rejuvenation of the face | background: aging is a multifactorial process that involves all components of the skin. both intrinsic and extrinsic forces play a role in this aging process. a new patented protein mix derived from red deer umbilical cord lining stem cell conditioned media (calecim® multi action cream, cellresearch corporation, singapore) has been developed to improve the signs of aging. the extract is the conditioned media from umbilical cord lining mesenchymal stem cell culture in basal media and consists of ... | 2019 | 31012565 |
| serological survey of toxoplasma gondii and besnoitia besnoiti in a wildlife conservation area in southern portugal. | toxoplasma gondii and besnoitia besnoiti are closely related apicomplexan protozoa. t. gondii is a zoonotic pathogen which may cause serious disease in man and warm-blooded animals, including wild species. b. besnoiti causes bovine besnoitiosis, an emergent disease in europe, which is linked to important production losses. unlike t. gondii, the life cycle of b. besnoiti remains a mystery, since the definitive host has not yet been identified. the aim of this work was to determine the seroprevale ... | 2016 | 31014504 |
| frequency of gastrointestinal and pulmonary helminth infections in wild deer from western romania. | a survey was carried out to assess the prevalence and the intensity of helminth infections in the roe deer (capreolus capreolus l.), red deer (cervus elaphus l.) and fallow deer (dama dama l.) from 16 hunting areas in western romania. overall, 122 deer shot during the hunting season 2013-2015 were examined. haemonchus contortus, nematodirus filicollis, oesophagostomum venulosum and dictyocalus spp. were found in all the deer species. trichuris spp. and dicrocoelium dendriticum were found in the ... | 2017 | 31014642 |
| the first detection of ashworthius sidemi (nematoda, trichostrongylidae) in roe deer (capreolus capreolus) in russia. | ashworthius sidemi is a blood-sucking nematode, which has spread out among wild ruminants in several european countries during last decades. the nematode has recently been detected in cattle as well. the distribution of a. sidemi in russia has not been sufficiently clarified yet. in european part of russia a. sidemi was formerly registered in sika deer (cervus nippon) and maral (cervus elaphus sibiricus) introduced from asia, and also in aboriginal elks (alces alces). taking into consideration t ... | 2018 | 31014730 |
| analgesic efficacy of articaine hydrochloride for velvet antler removal in red deer (cervus elaphus) and analysis of drug residues in the harvested velvet antlers. | to investigate the analgesic efficacy of articaine hydrochloride for antler removal in red deer (cervus elaphus) following s/c administration as a ring block, and to quantify the residue concentrations of articaine compared to lignocaine in the harvested antlers. | 2019 | 31034783 |
| new findings of setaria tundra and setaria cervi in the red deer (cervus elaphus) in poland. | our study aimed at examining the phylogenetic position of the newly-found setaria nematodes obtained from the red deer (cervus elaphus) based on sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox-1). alignment and phylogenetic analyses, as well as sem microscopic analysis, revealed the presence of two setaria species: s. cervi and s. tundra. setaria tundra was noted in only one individual, a calf of the red deer, while s. cervi was observed in three stages, two hinds and one calf ... | 2019 | 31142386 |
| calibration of life history traits with epiphyseal closure, dental eruption and bone histology in captive and wild red deer. | the study of skeletochronology and bone tissue as a record of information on ontogenetic stages and events is widely used for improving the knowledge about life histories (lhs) of extinct and extant vertebrates. compared with dinosaurs and extant reptiles, mammalian bone histology has received little attention. here, we calibrate for the first time bone and dental age with histological bone characteristics and lh stages in ontogenetic series of red deer. we rely on known lhs of different aged in ... | 2019 | 31148188 |
| molecular and morphological characterization of cysticercus tenuicollis in red deer (cervus elaphus) from turkey. | cysticercus tenuicollis, the metacestode stage of taenia hydatigena has a worldwide distribution and is particularly common in rural areas and developing countries. in rare cases, t. hydatigena infection may result in the death of its host due to severe damage or secondary bacterial infections. generally, when multiple cysts are attached to the liver, it causes economic losses. the infection can be detected using morphological, histopathological and more recently, molecular investigations. | 2019 | 31165988 |
| serum haptoglobin response in red deer naturally infected with tuberculosis. | the analysis of haptoglobin (hp) serum concentration is a very sensitive, but non-specific, indicator of inflammation or infection. methods to accurately diagnose infection in vivo in wildlife are usually constrained by low sensitivity due to the effects of stress on individual immune response and the challenging logistics of performing tests in the wild. firstly, we sought to determine serum hp concentration in red deer (cervus elaphus) naturally infected with bovine tuberculosis (tb). secondly ... | 2019 | 31174696 |
| investigation of toxoplasma gondii and association with early pregnancy and abortion rates in new zealand farmed red deer (cervus elaphus). | this study tested for association between toxoplasma gondii and pregnancy and abortion to investigate sub-optimal reproduction in farmed red deer (cervus elaphus). sera from a sub-sample (n = 2304) of pregnant and non-pregnant hinds in early gestation at first pregnancy scan (scan 1) and approximately at the end of second trimester at second pregnancy scan (scan 2) were tested for t. gondii antibodies using a validated elisa. foetuses and/or uteri from pregnant, non-pregnant, and aborting hinds ... | 2019 | 31187222 |
| presence of organic halogenated compounds, organophosphorus insecticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in meat of different game animal species from an italian subalpine area. | the exposure to several compounds such as polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), organochlorine pesticides (ocps), organophosphorus pesticides (ops), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pahs), perfluoroalkyl substances (pfass) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) is a public health issue. the european union (eu) recommended that its member states monitor the presence of emerging contaminants, like pbdes and pfass, in food and in the environment to obtain an accurate estimation of exposure. the tis ... | 2019 | 31192775 |
| unravelling the sex- and age-specific impact of poaching mortality with multievent modeling. | poaching is a prominent source of 'hidden hurdles', cryptic impacts of human activities that may hinder the conservation of animal populations. estimating poaching mortality is challenging, as the evidence for illegal killing is not outwardly obvious. using resighting and recovery data collected on 141 marked red deer cervus elaphus within the stelvio national park (central italian alps), we show how multievent models allow to assess the direct impacts of illegal harvesting on age- and sex-speci ... | 2019 | 31210776 |
| a proteomic-based approach for the search of biomarkers in iberian wild deer (cervus elaphus) as indicators of meat quality. | the positive perception of deer meat among consumers is growing. consequently, further efforts are needed to control its meat quality. specifically, the aim of this study was to search protein biomarkers in connection with tenderness and intramuscular fat (imf) content of iberian wild red deer (cervus elaphus) meat. twelve venison samples classified as tender, intermediate and tough meat, as well as with different imf were studied, using quantitative proteomic by swath-ms combined with bioinform ... | 2019 | 31228583 |
| in vitro culture of deer embryos. | in vitro embryo production of deer species has the potential to increase valuable traits for the agricultural sector, and from a conservation perspective, it is a propagation tool which can improve genetic diversity in small captive populations. in vitro embryo production is a multistep process consisting of oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo culture. these techniques provide the backbone for more advanced assisted reproductive technologies such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ics ... | 2019 | 31230282 |
| different maternal investment strategies for male and female calves in a polygynous mammal. | maternal effects occur when the phenotype of the mother influences that of the young to the detriment of her survival, growth or fitness. the investment of the mother can be affected by maternal body condition and/or experience. trivers-willard hypothesis (twh) and local resource competition hypothesis (lrch) are the main hypotheses used to explain bias in birth sex-ratios in mammals, as well as for sex-biased maternal investment. both hypotheses suggest that a different amount of investment mus ... | 2019 | 31263485 |
| studies on the physicochemical characteristics of the new zealand deer's tail, cervus elaphus var. scoticus (iii). | this study was designed to determine the nutritional profile and functional components of the nzt (new zealand deer's tail, cervus elaphus var. scoticus lönnberg). twenty-nine fatty acids, eighteen amino acids, twenty-five minerals, chondroitin, and phospholipids were detected by the auto-fatty acid analyzer, auto-amino acid analyzer, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometer, absorbance measurements, and by weighing after separating, respectively. 7-ketocholesterol was isola ... | 2019 | 31275701 |
| first detection and molecular identification of the zoonotic anaplasma capra in deer in france. | cervids are known to be reservoirs of zoonotic bacteria transmitted by ticks. this study aimed to identify the anaplasma species carried by captive red deer and swamp deer in a wild fauna reserve in france. blood from 59 red deer and 7 swamp deer was collected and analyzed over a period of two years. a semi-nested pcr targeting the 23s rrna was performed to detect and characterize anaplasma spp. and determine the presence of zoonotic species. anaplasma phagocytophilum was identified in 14/59 red ... | 2019 | 31276519 |
| chemokine-binding proteins encoded by parapoxvirus of red deer of new zealand display evidence of gene duplication and divergence of ligand specificity. | parapoxvirus of red deer in new zealand (pvnz) is a species of the parapoxvirus genus that causes pustular dermatitis. we identified a cluster of genes in pvnz that encode three unique chemokine-binding proteins (cbps) namely orf112.0, orf112.3 and orf112.6. chemokines are a large family of molecules that direct cell trafficking to sites of inflammation and through lymphatic organs. the pvnz-cbps were analyzed by surface plasmon resonance against a broad spectrum of cxc, cc, xc and cx3c chemokin ... | 2019 | 31293551 |
| comparative proteomics analysis reveals the difference during antler regeneration stage between red deer and sika deer. | deer antler, as the only mammalian regenerative appendage, provides an optimal model to study regenerative medicine. antler harvested from red deer or sika deer were mainly study objects used to disclose the mechanism underlying antler regeneration over past decades. a previous study used proteomic technology to reveal the signaling pathways of antler stem cell derived from red deer. moreover, transcriptome of antler tip from sika deer provide us with the essential genes, which regulated antler ... | 2019 | 31346498 |
| analysis of 19 minerals and cortisol in red deer hair in two different areas of the stelvio national park: a preliminary study. | the aim of the study was to perform an investigation on the concentration of 19 minerals and cortisol in red deer (cervuselaphus) hair, a matrix that is easy to collect with non-invasive and painless sampling, able to represent an integrative values of long-term substance concentrations, and able to give useful information, also when performed on dead animals, given its extreme stability over time. in the study thirty-five animals were included, coming from two different sides of a valley in the ... | 2019 | 31357529 |
| variation in the prion protein gene (prnp) sequence of wild deer in great britain and mainland europe. | susceptibility to prion diseases is largely determined by the sequence of the prion protein gene (prnp), which encodes the prion protein (prp). the recent emergence of chronic wasting disease (cwd) in europe has highlighted the need to investigate prnp gene diversity in european deer species, to better predict their susceptibility to cwd. here we report a large genetic survey of six british deer species, including red (cervus elaphus), sika (cervus nippon), roe (capreolus capreolus), fallow (dam ... | 2019 | 31366372 |
| do prey select for vacant hunting domains to minimize a multi-predator threat? | many ecosystems contain sympatric predator species that hunt in different places and times. we tested whether this provides vacant hunting domains, places and times where and when predators are least active, that prey use to minimize threats from multiple predators simultaneously. we measured how northern yellowstone elk (cervus elaphus) responded to wolves (canis lupus) and cougars (puma concolor), and found that elk selected for areas outside the high-risk domains of both predators consistent ... | 2019 | 31373137 |
| screening of wild ruminants from the kaunertal and other alpine regions of tyrol (austria) for vector-borne pathogens. | knowledge about vector-borne pathogens important for human and veterinary medicine in wild ruminants in tyrol (austria) is scarce. blood samples from alpine ibex (capra ibex; n = 44), alpine chamois (rupicapra rupicapra; n = 21), roe deer (capreolus capreolus; n = 18) and red deer (cervus elaphus; n = 6) were collected over a period of 4 years (2015-2018) in four regions in north tyrol, with a primary focus on the kaunertal. blood spots on filter paper were tested for the presence of dna of vect ... | 2019 | 31375956 |
| genotyping of pestivirus a (bovine viral diarrhea virus 1) detected in faeces and in other specimens of domestic and wild ruminants at the wildlife-livestock interface. | pestiviruses are widespread in the world among ungulates and infect both domestic and wild animals causing severe economic losses in livestock. bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 (bvdv-1), now re-designated as pestivirus a, causes diseases mainly in cattle, while few data are available about infection in wild ruminants and about the role of these animals in viral maintenance and spread. in order to investigate bvdv-1 infection in domestic and wild ruminants, especially at the wildlife/livestock ... | 2019 | 31383300 |
| afforested farmland vs. forestland: effects of bark stripping by cervus elaphus and climate on production potential and structure of picea abies forests. | the aim of this study was to evaluate (1) effects of bark stripping and climatic factors on radial growth of picea abies /l./ karst., (2) production and structural differences between stands established on the forestland and abandoned farmland (afforested farmland-henceforth, farmland), and (3) interaction among the losses caused by ungulate damages, production, diversity, and soil types. data acquired from four permanent research plots (prps) located on the forestland and eight prps on the farm ... | 2019 | 31415638 |
| consistent within-individual plasticity is sufficient to explain temperature responses in red deer reproductive traits. | warming global temperatures are affecting a range of aspects of wild populations, but the exact mechanisms driving associations between temperature and phenotypic traits may be difficult to identify. here, we use a 36-year data set on a wild population of red deer to investigate the causes of associations between temperature and two important components of female reproduction: timing of breeding and offspring size. by separating within- versus between-individual associations with temperature for ... | 2019 | 31420999 |
| differentiation of live and dead mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in meat samples using pma qpcr. | the causative agents of zoonotic bovine tuberculosis (btb), mycobacterium bovis and m. caprae, are members of the m. tuberculosis complex (mtc). wildlife such as red deer infected with btb are often without pathological findings, thus meat thereof may be classified as safe for human consumption. the culturing of mtc is time consuming and inappropriate to be applied with fresh meat and food. therefore, a rapid method "pma qpcr" to differentiate living and dead cells of mtc was developed in this s ... | 2019 | 31421753 |
| temporal and spatial spread of hypoderma actaeon infection in roe deer from peninsular spain determined by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the host switching of hypoderma actaeon (diptera: oestridae), a specific parasite of red deer (cervus elaphus), towards roe deer (capreolus capreolus) has been recently reported in spain. to provide information about the temporal and spatial spreading of h. actaeon infection in roe deer, 244 serum samples from animals hunted in spain between 2013 and 2018 were analysed by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. the overall seropositivity was 13.9%. seropositivity was higher in continental ... | 2020 | 31444796 |
| influence of farming conditions on the rumen of red deer (cervus elaphus). | the red deer is an intermediate feeder, showing a marked degree of forage selectivity, with seasonal morphological adaptations due to changes in food quality and availability. in captivity, deer have a limited choice of habitat and food, and we hypothesize that this condition affects the rumen environment. rumen samples were collected from 20 farmed and 11 wild red deer in autumn 2018 in poland, and analyzed for chemical composition, food residues, microbial population, and rumen papillation. fa ... | 2019 | 31450866 |
| the intensity of male-male competition may affect chemical scent constituents in the dark ventral patch of male iberian red deer. | during the mating season, iberian red deer males (cervus elaphus hispanicus) present a large visible dark ventral area in their abdomen. this characteristic dark-haired area is formed by the impregnation of the hair with sprayed urine and gland secretions and contains volatile compounds that can be used in intraspecific communication. here, we used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) to describe the lipophilic chemicals from the dark ventral patch of males from different populations wit ... | 2019 | 31479490 |
| characteristics of subclinical mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis infection in a captive white-tailed deer herd. | paratuberculosis (johne's disease) is caused by mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map), and affects both domestic and wild ruminants, including cattle, goats, sheep, and deer. in cattle, most infections occur during calfhood followed by a prolonged incubation period of 1-2 y or more before cows shed culturable numbers of map bacilli in their feces. as disease progresses, infected animals develop protein-losing enteropathy, intractable diarrhea, and weight loss. in a cohort of 32 clinica ... | 2019 | 31510911 |
| shedding of mycobacterium caprae by wild red deer (cervus elaphus) in the bavarian alpine regions, germany. | the number of natural infections with mycobacterium caprae in wildlife and in cattle in the bavarian and austrian alpine regions has increased over the last decade. red deer (cervus elaphus) have been recognized as maintenance reservoir; however, the transmission routes of m. caprae among and from naturally infected red deer are unknown. the unexpected high prevalence in some hot spot regions might suggest an effective indirect transmission of infection. therefore, this study was undertaken to d ... | 2020 | 31512795 |
| cryptosporidium infections in terrestrial ungulates with focus on livestock: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | cryptosporidium spp. are causative agents of gastrointestinal diseases in a wide variety of vertebrate hosts. mortality resulting from the disease is low in livestock, although severe cryptosporidiosis has been associated with fatality in young animals. | 2019 | 31521186 |
| can plant traits predict seed dispersal probability via red deer guts, fur, and hooves? | seed dispersal by mammals provides functional connectivity between isolated plant habitat patches. across much of europe, red deer (cervus elaphus) populations are growing steadily, potentially leading to increasing importance of this large mammal species to plant dispersal. while deer endozoochory is relatively well studied, epizoochory via fur and hoof attachment is much less understood. seed dispersal internally and externally on 57 red deer individuals was investigated by sampling the seed c ... | 2019 | 31534692 |
| cellular distribution of the prion protein in palatine tonsils of mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) and rocky mountain elk (cervus elaphus nelsoni). | chronic wasting disease (cwd) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (tse) that affects members of the cervidae family, including deer (odocoileus spp.), elk (cervus canadensis spp.), and moose (alces alces spp.). while cwd is a neurodegenerative disease, lymphoid accumulation of the abnormal isoform of the prion protein (prpsc) is detectable early in the course of infection. it has been shown that a large portion of the prpsc lymphoid accumulation in infected mule deer takes place on the ... | 2019 | 31548473 |
| red deer (cervus elaphus) did not play the role of maintenance host for bluetongue virus in france: the burden of proof by long-term wildlife monitoring and culicoides snapshots. | bluetongue virus (btv) is a culicoides-borne pathogen infecting both domestic and wild ruminants. in europe, the red deer (cervus elaphus) (rd) is considered a potential btv reservoir, but persistent sylvatic cycle has not yet been demonstrated. in this paper, we explored the dynamics of btv1 and btv8 serotypes in the rd in france, and the potential role of that species in the re-emergence of btv8 in livestock by 2015 (i.e., 5 years after the former last domestic cases). we performed 8 years of ... | 2019 | 31569721 |
| prevalence of coxiella burnetii (legionellales: coxiellaceae) infection among wildlife species and the tick hyalomma lusitanicum (acari: ixodidae) in a meso-mediterranean ecosystem. | q fever is a worldwide zoonosis caused by coxiella burnetii (derrick) philip. it is a major cause of abortion among sheep and may be responsible for reproductive losses in red deer in spain. airborne transmission is the most widespread; however, some studies suggested that ticks may play a role, but little is known about their actual involvement in the c. burnetii cycle. the aim of this study was to determine the role that hyalomma lusitanicum (koch) tick plays in the maintenance of this agent a ... | 2020 | 31589748 |
| head to head: the case for fighting behaviour in megaloceros giganteus using finite-element analysis. | the largest antlers of any known deer species belonged to the extinct giant deer megaloceros giganteus. it has been argued that their antlers were too large for use in fighting, instead being used only in ritualized displays to attract mates. here, we used finite-element analysis to test whether the antlers of m. giganteus could have withstood forces generated during fighting. we compared the mechanical performance of antlers in m. giganteus with three extant deer species: red deer (cervus elaph ... | 2019 | 31594504 |
| no evidence of hepatitis e virus infection in farmed deer in germany. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a zoonotic agent, which is mainly transmitted by consumption of undercooked meat products originating from infected animals. domestic pigs and wild boars are the major animal reservoirs, but hev infections have been also repeatedly described in wild deer species. however, farmed deer has been only sparsely investigated so far. here, 108 blood and 106 liver samples from fallow deer, red deer, and sika deer strictly hold in game enclosures from 11 farms in germany were a ... | 2020 | 31625032 |
| influence of foetal calf serum supplementation during in vitro embryo culture in iberian red deer. | nowadays, the use of foetal calf serum (fcs) during in vitro embryo culture is very controversial. whilst some authors have encouraged its use, others reject it because of its harmful effects. although in vitro embryo production in red deer is a promising assisted reproductive technique, it is still in its infancy and a great effort is needed to update the protocols used. the aim of this study was to assess whether fcs supplementation in red deer embryo culture medium is necessary to produce bla ... | 2019 | 31625239 |
| low serologic prevalences suggest sporadic infections of hepatitis e virus in chamois (rupicapra rupicapra) and red deer (cervus elaphus) in the italian alps. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a worldwide public health concern, with an increase in human autochthonous cases in europe. although domestic pigs and wild boar (sus scrofa) are the main reservoirs of hev, the constant expansion of wild ruminants increases the potential for hev transmission. we investigated hev infection in chamois (rupicapra rupicapra) and red deer (cervus elaphus) in the italian alps using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). we detected hev antibodies from 2013 to 2015 in ... | 2020 | 31658433 |
| sarcocystis morae (apicomplexa) in fallow deer (dama dama) from spain: ultrastructure and new host record. | members of the genus sarcocystis are frequently found infecting members of the family cervidae. although sarcocystis species are generally host specific for their intermediate hosts, species in cervids appear to be less host specific. here, we report fallow deer (dama dama) as a new host for sarcocystis morae, originally described from the red deer (cervus elaphus). tongues of 69 legally hunted animals in spain were tested for sarcocysts, and the species were characterized by light microscopy, u ... | 2019 | 31660793 |
| elaphostrongylus and dictyocaulus infections in norwegian wild reindeer and red deer populations in relation to summer pasture altitude and climate. | nematodes of the genera elaphostrongylus and dictyocaulus are associated with disease in semi-domesticated tundra reindeer and farmed red deer whereas less knowledge exists in the wild. their first stage larvae (l1) develop to the infective third stage (l3) in the environment; elaphostrongylus spp. within intermediate gastropod hosts and dictyocaulus spp. as free-living larvae. larval development of elaphostrongylus is highly temperature dependent with a developmental minimum of 9-10 °c. larval ... | 2019 | 31667081 |
| deer keds on wild ungulates in northern italy, with a taxonomic key for the identification of lipoptena spp. of europe. | deer keds (lipoptena spp.) are blood-sucking ectoparasites of domestic and wild animals, and also accidentally of humans. in europe, five lipoptena spp. have been recorded, although the lack of specific taxonomic keys has often led to mistaken identification or to missing data. the present study aimed to develop an identification key of the european species and also to identify lipoptena spp. found on wild ungulates in northern italy. in total, 390 hippoboscids were collected from rupicapra rupi ... | 2020 | 31674696 |
| diversity of babesia spp. in cervid ungulates based on the 18s rdna and cytochrome c oxidase subunit i phylogenies. | free ranging ungulates, represented in europe mostly by several deer species, are important hosts for ticks and reservoirs of tick-borne infections. a number of studies have focused on the prevalence of tick borne pathogens in deer chiefly with the aim to determine their potential role as reservoir hosts for important human and livestock pathogens. however, genetic similarity of babesia spp. forming a group commonly termed as a clade vi that accommodates the deer piroplasms, complicates this tas ... | 2020 | 31678240 |
| the role of selection and evolution in changing parturition date in a red deer population. | changing environmental conditions cause changes in the distributions of phenotypic traits in natural populations. however, determining the mechanisms responsible for these changes-and, in particular, the relative contributions of phenotypic plasticity versus evolutionary responses-is difficult. to our knowledge, no study has yet reported evidence that evolutionary change underlies the most widely reported phenotypic response to climate change: the advancement of breeding times. in a wild populat ... | 2019 | 31689300 |