Publications

the spectrum of low molecular weight alpha-amylase/protease inhibitor genes expressed in the us bread wheat cultivar butte 86.	abstract: background: wheat grains accumulate a variety of low molecular weight proteins that are inhibitors of alpha-amylases and proteases and play an important protective role in the grain. these proteins have more balanced amino acid compositions than the major wheat gluten proteins and contribute important reserves for both seedling growth and human nutrition. the alpha-amylase/protease inhibitors also are of interest because they cause ige-mediated occupational and food allergies and there ...	2011	21774824
use of methylation filtration and c(0)t fractionation for analysis of genome composition and comparative genomics in bread wheat.	we investigated the compositional and structural differences in sequences derived from different fractions of wheat genomic dna obtained using methylation filtration and c(0)t fractionation. comparative analysis of these sequences revealed large compositional and structural variations in terms of gc content, different structural elements including repeat sequences (e.g., transposable elements and simple sequence repeats), protein coding genes, and non-coding rna genes. a correlation between meth ...	2011	21777856
[ecotoxicity of synthetical musks on wheat (triticum aestivum) based on seed germination].	with soil culture the ecotoxicological effects of galaxolide (hhcb) and tonalide (ahtn) on the germination of wheat (triticum aestivum) seeds were investigated. and the influence of these two synthetical musks on the wheat germination rate, inhibition rate of root elongation and inhibition rate of shoot elongation were studied. the results showed that there were no obvious dose-effect relationship between wheat germination rate and concentrations of these two synthetical musks. lower dose (hhcb ...	2011	21780608
[the role of chromosomes from homeologous group 5 in regulation of grain hardness and protein content in substitution lines of common wheat cultivar saratovskaya 29].	genetic regulation of grain hardness and protein content in intervarietal substitution lines for chromosomes of homeologous group 5 was examined. common wheat cultivar saratovskaya 29 with high bread-backing properties served as the recipient. donors of chromosomes 5a and 5d were 18 cultivars with variable traits examined, including high-protein cultivars (atlas 66 and diamant 2), and soft-grain cultivars (ul'yanovka and chinese spring). analysis of substitution lines pointed to a substantial ef ...	2011	21786668
factors responsible for deep-sowing tolerance in wheat seedlings: varietal differences in cell proliferation and the co-ordinated synchronization of epidermal cell expansion and cortical cell division for the gibberellin-mediated elongation of first internodes.	a wheat cultivar, triticum aestivum 'hong mang mai', shows tolerance to deep-sowing conditions by extreme elongation of the first internode, likely mediated by the gibberellin (ga) response. to understand factors involved in the response of this deep-sowing-tolerant cultivar, cell expansion and division that confer elongation on the first internodes of wheat seedlings were investigated.	2011	21791455
chromosomal and genome-wide molecular changes associated with initial stages of allohexaploidization in wheat can be transit and incidental.	genomic instability can be induced by nascent allopolyploidization in plants. however, most previous studies have not defined to what extent the allopolyploidy-induced rapid genomic instability represents a general response, and hence important to evolution, or merely incidental events occurring stochastically in a limited number of individuals. we report here that in a newly formed allohexaploid wheat line between tetraploid wheat triticum turgidum subsp. durum (genome bbaa) and aegilops tausch ...	2011	21797821
fusarium graminearum forms mycotoxin producing infection structures on wheat.	abstract: background: the mycotoxin producing fungal pathogen fusarium graminearum is the causal agent of fusarium head blight (fhb) of small grain cereals in fields worldwide. although f. graminearum is highly investigated by means of molecular genetics, detailed studies about hyphal development during initial infection stages are rare. in addition, the role of mycotoxins during initial infection stages of fhb is still unknown. therefore, we investigated the infection strategy of the fungus on ...	2011	21798058
bioremediation and detoxification of synthetic wastewater containing triarylmethane dyes by aeromonas hydrophila isolated from industrial effluent.	economical and bio-friendly approaches are needed to remediate dye-contaminated wastewater from various industries. in this study, a novel bacterial strain capable of decolorizing triarylmethane dyes was isolated from a textile wastewater treatment plant in greece. the bacterial isolate was identified as aeromonas hydrophila and was shown to decolorize three triarylmethane dyes tested within 24?h with color removal in the range of 72% to 96%. decolorization efficiency of the bacterium was a func ...	2011	21808740
a major invasion of transposable elements accounts for the large size of the blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici genome.	powdery mildew of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is caused by the ascomycete fungus blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici. genomic approaches open new ways to study the biology of this obligate biotrophic pathogen. we started the analysis of the bg tritici genome with the low-pass sequencing of its genome using the 454 technology and the construction of the first genomic bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) library for this fungus. high-coverage contigs were assembled with the 454 reads. they allowed t ...	2011	21809124
identification of changes in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seeds proteome in response to anti-trx s gene.	thioredoxin h (trx h) is closely related to germination of cereal seeds. the cdna sequences of the thioredoxin s (trx s) gene from phalaris coerulescens and the thioredoxin h (trx h) gene from wheat are highly homologous, and their expression products have similar biological functions. transgenic wheat had been formed after the antisense trx s was transferred into wheat, and it had been certified that the expression of trx h decreased in transgenic wheat, and transgenic wheat has high resistance ...	2011	21811579
comparative proteome analysis of glutenin synthesis and accumulation in developing grains between superior and poor quality bread wheat cultivars.	wheat glutenins are the major determinants of wheat quality. in this study, grains at the development stage from three wheat cultivars (jimai 20, jin 411 and zhoumai 16) with different bread-making quality were harvested based on thermal times from 150 °c(d) to 750 °c(d) , and were used to investigate glutenin accumulation patterns and their relationships with wheat quality.	2012	21815156
redox changes during cold acclimation affect freezing tolerance but not the vegetative/reproductive transition of the shoot apex in wheat.	cold acclimation is necessary for winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) to achieve its genetically determined maximum freezing tolerance, and cold also fulfils the vernalisation requirement. chromosome 5a is a major regulator of these traits. the aim of the present study was to discover whether changes in the half-cell redox potential of the glutathione/glutathione disulphide (gsh/gssg) and ascorbate/dehydroascorbate (aa/dha) couples induced by cold acclimation are related to freezing tolerance an ...	2011	21815980
differential effects of a post-anthesis fertilizer regimen on the wheat flour proteome determined by quantitative 2-de.	mineral nutrition during wheat grain development has large effects on wheat flour protein content and composition, which in turn affect flour quality and immunogenic potential for a commodity of great economic value. however, it has been difficult to define the precise effects of mineral nutrition on protein composition because of the complexity of the wheat flour proteome. recent improvements in the identification of flour proteins by tandem mass spectrometry (ms/ms) and the availability of a c ...	2011	21816081
two wheat (triticum aestivum) pathogenesis-related 10 (pr-10) transcripts with distinct patterns of abundance in different organs.	pr-10 genes encode small, acidic, intracellular proteins that respond to abiotic and biotic stimuli. transgenic expression of pr-10 genes has been shown to enhance early seedling growth of dicots in saline environments. to identify candidate pr-10 genes in cereals for increasing stress tolerance, we conducted phylogenetic analyses and real-time polymerase chain reaction of representatives of the two major clades of putative pr-10 genes in wheat. we observed that the abundance of bq752893 was gen ...	0	21818707
intake and digestion of whole-crop barley and wheat silages by dairy heifers.	the effect of maturity at harvest on the digestibility and intake of large bale silage made from whole-crop barley and wheat when fed to growing heifers was evaluated. two crops of spring barley (hordeum distichum cv. filippa and kinnan) and 1 of winter wheat (triticum aestivum cv. olevin) were harvested at the heading, milk, and dough stages of maturity. the silage was fed to 36 dairy heifers in a balanced crossover experiment with 3 periods and 9 treatments (diets based on 3 crops and 3 stages ...	2011	21821807
pcr-based isolation and identification of full-length low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit genes in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (lmw-gss) are encoded by a multi-gene family and are essential for determining the quality of wheat flour products, such as bread and noodles. however, the exact role or contribution of individual lmw-gs genes to wheat quality remains unclear. this is, at least in part, due to the difficulty in characterizing complete sequences of all lmw-gs gene family members in bread wheat. to identify full-length lmw-gs genes, a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based met ...	2011	21830110
molecular, phylogenetic and comparative genomic analysis of the cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase gene family in the poaceae.	the genomes of cereals such as wheat (triticum aestivum) and barley (hordeum vulgare) are large and therefore problematic for the map-based cloning of agronomicaly important traits. however, comparative approaches within the poaceae permit transfer of molecular knowledge between species, despite their divergence from a common ancestor sixty million years ago. the finding that null variants of the rice gene cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase 2 (osckx2) result in large yield increases provides an opp ...	0	21838715
transformation of the us bread wheat 'butte 86' and silencing of omega-5 gliadin genes.	complex groups of proteins determine the unique functional properties of wheat flour and are sometimes responsible for food intolerances and allergies in individuals that consume wheat products. transgenic approaches can be used to explore the functions of different flour proteins, but are limited to the few wheat cultivars that can be transformed and also by the lack of detailed information about genes and proteins expressed in grain from those cultivars. the us bread wheat butte 86 has been ex ...	2012	21844700
PPIase activities and interaction partners of FK506-binding proteins in the wheat thylakoid.	FK506-binding proteins (FKBPs) and cyclophilins, collectively called immunophilins, conserve peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) active sites, although many lack PPIase activity. The chloroplast thylakoid contains a large proportion of the plant immunophilin family, but their functions within this compartment are unclear. Some lumenal immunophilins are important for assembly of photosynthetic complexes, implicating them in the maintenance and turnover of the photosynthetic apparatus dur ...	2011	21848652
genetic transformation of mature embryos of bread (t. aestivum) and pasta (t. durum) wheat genotypes.	the objective of the present study is to develop an efficient protocol for regeneration of transgenic wheat plants using agrobacterium- mediated transformation of mature embryos of hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum) and tetraploid pasta wheat (triticum durum). the data indicated that embryogenic calli were formed within 7 days in the presence of 2 mgl-1 2,4-d. adventitious shoots emerged from the embryonic calli in the presence of 2 mgl-1 ba. shoot regeneration frequency varied between wh ...	2010	21865876
[morphological and genetic characteristics of leaf hairiness in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) as analyzed by computer-aided phenotyping].	computer-aided image processing was used to study the morphology of leaf hairiness in the wheat cultivars saratovskaya 29 and golubka, as well as the introgressed strain 102/00i of the cultivar rodina carrying the hairiness control gene introgressed from aegilops speltoides. morphological differences in leaf hairiness were detected and described in detail. the genetic control ofhairiness was studied in two cultivars (golubka and saratovskaya 29) with similar hairiness patterns. crossing these cu ...	2011	21866865
intergenic spacer length variants in old portuguese bread wheat cultivars.	the intergenic spacer of the ribosomal dna is highly variable, but is location specific in the nucleolar organizer region of the chromosomes. this study provides an event of high level of polymorphism / size variation and occurrence of 14 unique phenotypes in 48 landraces of portuguese bread wheat cultivars for igs-amplified products obtained by pcr-rflp technique performed with taqi. the attendant igs polymorphism has been used to deduce affinities between landraces. some of the high molecular ...	2011	21869468
lipid binding interactions of antimicrobial plant seed defence proteins: puroindoline-a and β-purothionin.	the indolines and thionins are basic, amphiphilic and cysteine-rich proteins found in cereals; puroindoline-a (pin-a) and β-purothionin (β-pth) are members of these families in wheat (triticum aestivum). pin-a and β-pth have been suggested to play a significant role in seed defence against microbial pathogens, making the interaction of these proteins with model bacterial membranes an area of potential interest. we have examined the binding of these proteins to lipid monolayers composed of 1,2-di ...	0	21869972
dispersed benzoxazinone gene cluster: molecular characterization and chromosomal localization of glucosyltransferase and glucosidase genes in wheat and rye.	benzoxazinones (bxs) are major defensive secondary metabolites in wheat (triticum aestivum), rye (secale cereale), and maize (zea mays). here, we identified full sets of homeologous and paralogous genes encoding bx glucosyltransferase (gt) and bx-glucoside glucosidase (glu) in hexaploid wheat (2n = 6x = 42; aabbdd). four gt loci (tagta-tagtd) were mapped on chromosomes 7a, 7b (two loci), and 7d, whereas four glu1 loci (taglu1a-taglu1d) were on chromosomes 2a, 2b (two loci), and 2d. transcript le ...	2011	21875895
combined effect of iron and zinc on micronutrient levels in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	a nutrient solution experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of fe and zn supply on fe, zn, cu, and mn concentrations in wheat plants. the experiment used a factorial combination of two fe levels (0 and 5 mg l(-1)) and three zn levels (0, 0.1 and 10 mg i(-1)). the supply of fe (5 mg l(-1)) and zn (0.1 mg l(-1)) increased plant dry weight and leaf chlorophyll content compared to the fe or zn deficient (0 mg 11) treatments. however, excess zn supply (10 mg l(-1)) reduced plant dry weight ...	2011	21882661
species composition of aphid vectors (hemiptera: aphididae) of barley yellow dwarf virus and cereal yellow dwarf virus in alabama and western florida.	yellow dwarf is a major disease problem of wheat, triticum aestivum l., in alabama and is estimated to cause yield loss of 21-42 bu/acre. the disease is caused by a complex of viruses comprising several virus species, including barley yellow dwarf virus-pav and cereal yellow dwarf virus-rpv. several other strains have not yet been classified into a specific species. the viruses are transmitted exclusively by aphids (hemiptera:aphididae). between the 2005 and 2008 winter wheat seasons, aphids wer ...	2011	21882679
changes in phytohormones and fatty acids in wheat and rice seedlings in response to hessian fly (diptera: cecidomyiidae) infestation.	phytohormones and fatty acids (fas) play important roles in plant resistance to insects and pathogens. in this study, we investigated the similarities and differences in the accumulations of phytohormones and fas in the resistant wheat (triticum aestivum l.) 'molly' and the nonhost rice (oryza sativa l.) 'niponbare' in responses to hessian fly, mayetiola destructor (say) (diptera: cecidomyiidae), larval attacks. using chemical ionization-gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry, we analyzed the conc ...	2011	21882708
wheat curl mite resistance: interactions of mite feeding with wheat streak mosaic virus infection.	the majority of plant viruses are dependent on arthropod vectors for spread between plants. wheat streak mosaic virus (family potyviridae, genus tritimovirus, wsmv) is transmitted by the wheat curl mite, aceria tosichella keifer, and this virus and vector cause extensive yield losses in most major wheat (triticum aestivum l.)-growing regions of the world. many cultivars in use are susceptible to this vector-virus complex, and yield losses of 10-99% have been documented. wheat curl mite resistanc ...	2011	21882710
efficacy of heat treatment for disinfestation of concrete grain silos.	field experiments were conducted in 2007 and 2008 to evaluate heat treatment for disinfestations of empty concrete elevator silos. a mobile heat treatment unit was used to introduce heat into silos to attain target conditions of 50 degrees c for at least 6 h. ventilated plastic containers with a capacity of 100 g of wheat, triticum aestivum l., held rhyzopertha dominica (f.) (coleoptera: bostrichidae) and tribolium castaneum (herbst) (coleoptera: tenebrionidae). polyvinyl chloride containers wit ...	2011	21882711
the effects of phenotypic plasticity on photosynthetic performance in winter rye, winter wheat and brassica napus.	the contributions of phenotypic plasticity to photosynthetic performance in winter (cv musketeer, cv norstar) and spring (cv sr4a, cv katepwa) rye (secale cereale) and wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars grown at either 20°c [non-acclimated (na)] or 5°c [cold acclimated (ca)] were assessed. the 22-40% increase in light-saturated rates of co₂ assimilation in ca vs na winter cereals were accounted for by phenotypic plasticity as indicated by the dwarf phenotype and increased specific leaf weight. ...	2012	21883254
characterization of nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolated from field-grown barley, oat, and wheat.	diazotrophic bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of field-grown triticum aestivum, hordeum vulgare, and avena sativa grown in various regions of greece. one isolate, with the highest nitrogen-fixation ability from each of the eleven rhizospheres, was selected for further characterisation. diazotrophic strains were assessed for plant-growth-promoting traits such as indoleacetic acid production and phosphate solubilisation. the phylogenies of 16s rrna gene of the selected isolates were com ...	2011	21887633
functional features of a single chromosome arm in wheat (1al) determined from its structure.	bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is one of the most important crops globally and a high priority for genetic improvement, but its large and complex genome has been seen as intractable to whole genome sequencing. isolation of individual wheat chromosome arms has facilitated large-scale sequence analyses. however, so far there is no such survey of sequences from the a genome of wheat. greater understanding of an a chromosome could facilitate wheat improvement and future sequencing of the entire ...	2012	21892730
A wheat homolog of MOTHER OF FT AND TFL1 acts in the regulation of germination.	Seed dormancy is an adaptive mechanism and an important agronomic trait. Temperature during seed development strongly affects seed dormancy in wheat (Triticum aestivum) with lower temperatures producing higher levels of seed dormancy. To identify genes important for seed dormancy, we used a wheat microarray to analyze gene expression in embryos from mature seeds grown at lower and higher temperatures. We found that a wheat homolog of MOTHER OF FT AND TFL1 (MFT) was upregulated after physiologica ...	2011	21896881
new broad-spectrum resistance to septoria tritici blotch derived from synthetic hexaploid wheat.	septoria tritici blotch (stb), caused by the ascomycete mycosphaerella graminicola, is one of the most devastating foliar diseases of wheat. we screened five synthetic hexaploid wheats (shs), 13 wheat varieties that represent the differential set of cultivars and two susceptible checks with a global set of 20 isolates and discovered exceptionally broad stb resistance in shs. subsequent development and analyses of recombinant inbred lines (rils) from a cross between the sh m3 and the highly susce ...	2011	21912855
Genetic analysis of adult plant, quantitative resistance to stripe rust in wheat cultivar 'Stephens' in multi-environment trials.	The wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar 'Stephens' has been grown commercially in the USA Pacific Northwest for 30 years. The durable resistance of 'Stephens' to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) was believed to be due to a combination of seedling and adult plant resistance genes. Multilocation field trials, diversity array technology (DArT), and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance. Recombinant inbred lines wer ...	2011	21912857
genetic control of duration of pre-anthesis phases in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and relationships to leaf appearance, tillering, and dry matter accumulation.	the duration of pre-anthesis developmental phases is of interest in breeding for improved adaptation and yield potential in temperate cereals. yet despite numerous studies on the genetic control of anthesis (flowering) time and floral initiation, little is known about the genetic control of other pre-anthesis phases. furthermore, little is known about the effect that changes in the duration of pre-anthesis phases could have on traits related to leaf appearance and tillering, or dry matter accumu ...	0	21920907
down-regulating γ-gliadins in bread wheat leads to non-specific increases in other gluten proteins and has no major effect on dough gluten strength.	gliadins are a major component of gluten proteins but their role in the mixing of dough is not well understood because their contribution to wheat flour functional properties are not as clear as for the glutenin fraction.	2011	21935456
A second 'overexpression' allele at the Glu-B1 high-molecular-weight glutenin locus of wheat: sequence characterisation and functional effects.	Bread is one of the major constituents of the human diet and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important cereal for bread making. The gluten proteins (glutenins and gliadins) are recognised as important components affecting the processing quality of wheat flour. In this research, we investigated a particular glutenin subunit allele in an Australian cultivar, H45. Based on protein and DNA assays, the Glu-B1 allele of H45 seems to be Glu-B1al, an allele that includes a functional duplicatio ...	2011	21938472
[analysis of diversity of russian and ukrainian bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars for high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits].	the allelic diversity of high-moleculat-weght glutenin subunits (h wigs) in russian and ukrainian bread wheat cultivars was analyzed. the diversity of spring wheat cultivars for alleles of the glu-1 loci is characterized by medium values of the polymorphism index (polymorphism information content, plc), and in winter wheats it varies from high at the glu-a1 locus to low at the glu-d1 locus. the spring and winter cultivars differ significantly in the frequencies of alleles of the glutenin loci. t ...	2011	21938954
[Effects of reduced solar radiation on winter wheat flag leaf net photosynthetic rate].	Taking winter wheat Triticum aestivum L. (cv. Yangmai 13) as test material, a field experiment was conducted in Nanjing City to study the effects of simulated reduced solar radiation on the diurnal variation of winter wheat flag leaf photosynthetic rate and the main affecting factors. Five treatments were installed, i. e., 15% (T15), 20% (T20) , 40% (T40), 60% (T60), and 100% (CK) of total incident solar radiation. Reduced solar irradiance increased the chlorophyll and lutein contents significan ...	2011	21941745
Cloning, Escherichia coli expression, purification, characterization, and enzyme assay of the ribosomal protein S4 from wheat seedlings (Triticum vulgare).	S4 is a paradigm of ribosomal proteins involved in multifarious activities both within and outside the ribosome. For a detailed biochemical and structural investigations of eukaryotic S4, the wheat S4 gene has been cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, and the protein purified to a high degree of homogeneity. The 285-residue recombinant protein containing an N-terminal His(6) tag along with fourteen additional residues derived from the cloning vector is characterized by a molecular mass of 3 ...	2012	21945701
characterization of chloroplast dna microsatellites from saccharum spp and related species.	microsatellites, or simple sequence repeats (ssrs), and their flanking regions in chloroplast genomes (plastomes) of some species of the family poaceae were analyzed in silico to look for dna sequence variations. comparison of the complete chloroplast dna sequences (cpdnas) of sugarcane (saccharum hybrid cv. sp-80-3280 and s. officinarum cv. nco310) and related species, agrostis stolonifera, brachypodium distachyon, hordeum vulgare subsp vulgare, lolium perenne, oryza nivara, o. sativa sub ...	2011	21948764
[genoprotective activities of the oils from leaves and fruits of fagus orientalis lipsky].	the antimutagenic activities of the oils obtained from leaves and fruits of fagus orientalis have been shown in experiments with spontaneous and mutagen- and ageing-induced variability. the aberrations of chromosomes in the meristematic cells of the allium cepa l., vicia faba l., triticum aestivum l., and marrow cells of vistar rats as well as arabidopsis thaliana gene mutations have been mobilized as experimental tests.	2011	21950139
[the chiral mutagens: cytogenetic effects on higher plants].	the paper covers investigation of cytogenetic activity of chiral mutagens and their specific effects on the plant cells chromosomes of soft winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.). comparative analysis of cytogenetic activity of chiral neu: s(+)1-n-nitroso- 1-n-methyl-3-n-sec-buthylureas (s(+)nmsbu) and r(-)1-n-nitroso- 1n-methyl-3-nsec-buthylureas (r(-)nmsbu) on winter wheat was performed. as it was shown by the frequency of chromosomal aberrations the s(+) stereoisomer was twice more active than r ...	2011	21950141
a new insight into application for barley chromosome addition lines of common wheat: achievement of stigmasterol accumulation.	barley (hordeum vulgare) has a much higher content of bioactive substances than wheat (triticum aestivum). in order to investigate additive and/or synergistic effect(s) on the phytosterol content of barley chromosomes, we used a series of barley chromosome addition lines of common wheat that were produced by normal crossing. in determining the plant sterol levels in 2-week-old seedlings and dry seeds, we found that the level of stigmasterol in the barley chromosome 3 addition (3h) line in the se ...	2011	21951468
reference genes for gene expression studies in wheat flag leaves grown under different farming conditions.	internal control genes with highly uniform expression throughout the experimental conditions are required for accurate gene expression analysis as no universal reference genes exists. in this study, the expression stability of 24 candidate genes from triticum aestivum cv. cubus flag leaves grown under organic and conventional farming systems was evaluated in two locations in order to select suitable genes that can be used for normalization of real-time quantitative reverse-transcription pcr (rt- ...	2011	21951810
identification of a large deletion in the first intron of the vrn-d1 locus, associated with loss of vernalization requirement in wild wheat progenitor aegilops tauschii coss.	vernalization promotes flowering in winter wheat cultivars, whereas spring wheat cultivars are able to transition from vegetative to reproductive phase without vernalization. the wheat vernalization requirement is mainly controlled by the major locus vrn-1, an apetala1/fruitfull mads-box gene homolog. to study natural variation of the vernalization requirement in a wild progenitor of common wheat, we sequenced the vrn-d(t)1 locus in four accessions of aegilops tauschii coss. some structural muta ...	2011	21952208
the agrobacterium-mediated transformation of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and triticale (x triticosecale wittmack): role of the binary vector system and selection cassettes.	the influence of two binary vector systems, pgreen and pcambia, on the agrobacterium-mediated transformation ability of wheat and triticale was studied. both vectors carried selection cassettes with bar or nptii driven by different promoters. two cultivars of wheat, kontesa and torka, and one cultivar of triticale, wanad, were tested. the transformation rates for the wheat cultivars ranged from 0.00 to 3.58% and from 0.00 to 6.79% for triticale. the best values for wheat were 3.58% for kontesa a ...	2011	21952729
[preferential elimination of chromosome 5r of rye in the progeny of 5r5d dimonosomics].	transmission of chromosome 5r of rye (secale cereale l.) and chromosome 5d of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) through gametes of 5r5d dimonosomics (2n = 42, 20w" + 5r' + 5d') was studied. chromosome 5r was found to have lower competitiveness as compared to 5d. gametes with the rye chromosome were two times less often involved in the formation of a progeny. the combined frequency of the karyotypes of wheat (5d5d) and wheat monosomics (5d) was 11.6-fold higher than the frequency of the karyoty ...	2011	21954615
changes in wheat leaf phenolome in response to cold acclimation.	a study of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaves phenolome was carried out during cold acclimation of the winter (claire) and spring (bounty) varieties using a combination of hplc-esi-ms techniques. a total of 40 phenolic and flavonoid compounds were identified, and consisted mainly of two coumarin derivatives, eight simple phenolic derivatives, 10 hydroxycinnamoyl amides and 20 flavonoid derivatives. identification and quantification of individual compounds were performed using an hplc system cou ...	2011	21955620
mapping and validation of quantitative trait loci associated with wheat yellow mosaic bymovirus resistance in bread wheat.	wheat yellow mosaic (wym) caused by wheat yellow mosaic bymovirus (wymv) has been growing as one of the most serious diseases affecting wheat production in china. in this study, the association of quantitative trait loci (qtls) governing wymv resistance with molecular markers was established using 164 recombinant inbred lines (rils) derived from 'xifeng wheat' (highly resistant) × 'zhen 9523' (highly susceptible). phenotypic data of wymv resistance of the rils were collected from 4-year, two-loc ...	2012	21959905
identification of genetic factors controlling kernel hardness and related traits in a recombinant inbred population derived from a soft × 'extra-soft' wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cross.	kernel hardness or texture, used to classify wheat (triticum aestivum l.) into soft and hard classes, is a major determinant of milling and baking quality. wheat genotypes in the soft class that are termed 'extra-soft' (with kernel hardness in the lower end of the spectrum) have been associated with superior end-use quality. in order to better understand the relationship between kernel hardness, milling yield, and various agronomic traits, we performed quantitative trait mapping using a recombin ...	2012	21959906
development of a set of compensating triticum aestivum-dasypyrum villosum robertsonian translocation lines.	dasypyrum villosum (l.) candargy, a wild relative of bread wheat ( triticum aestivum l.), is the source of many agronomically important genes for wheat improvement. production of compensating robertsonian translocations (crobts), consisting of d. villosum chromosome arms translocated to homoeologous wheat chromosome arms, is one of the initial steps in exploiting this variation. the crobts for d. villosum chromosomes 1v, 4v, and 6v have been reported previously. here we report attempted crobts f ...	2011	21961939
comparison of photosynthetic components of wheat genotypes under rain-fed and irrigated conditions.	the major environmental factor limiting the range of adaptation for wheat is drought. fourteen wheat genotypes (triticum aestivum l.) were grown under two environments (irrigated and rain fed) to determine physiological and photosynthetic responses to drought. combined analysis of variance of the data showed that the environment was a significant source of variation for leaf chlorophyll content (lcc), stomatal conductance (g(s)) and grain yield (gy). wheat genotypes differed significantly for lc ...	2012	21967636
Impact of Triticum mosaic virus infection on hard winter wheat milling and bread baking quality.	BACKGROUND: Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV) is a newly discovered wheat virus. Information regarding the effect of wheat viruses on milling and baking quality is limited. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of TriMV infection on the kernel characteristics, milling yield and bread baking quality of wheat. Commercial hard winter varieties evaluated included RonL, Danby and Jagalene. The TriMV resistance of RonL is low, while that of Danby and Jagalene is unknown. KS96HW10-3, a ge ...	2011	21969097
genomic diversity of ac-like transposable elements in sphaerococcum mutant forms of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and triticale (x triticosecale witt.).	dna sequences homologous to the maize activator (ac) element are widespread in plant genomes. nowadays, several reports are available concerning the distribution and characterisation of ac-homologous sequences in natural populations of different cereal species. but these mobile genetic elements still remain to be comprehensively characterised. in this respect, there is a particular lack of information about the dynamics of ac-homologous sequences within mutant germplasm collections. here, we pre ...	2012	21971991
Next-generation sequencing and syntenic integration of flow-sorted arms of wheat chromosome 4A exposes the chromosome structure and gene content.	Wheat is the third most important crop for human nutrition in the world. The availability of high-resolution genetic and physical maps and ultimately a complete genome sequence holds great promise for breeding improved varieties to cope with increasing food demand under the conditions of changing global climate. However, the large size of the bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) genome (approximately 17 Gb/1C) and the triplication of genic sequence resulting from its hexaploid status have impeded gen ...	2011	21974774
salicylic acid and calcium-induced protection of wheat against salinity.	soil salinity is one of the important environmental factors that produce serious agricultural problems. the objective of the present study was to determine the interactive effect of salicylic acid (sa) and calcium (ca) on plant growth, photosynthetic pigments, proline (pro) concentration, carbonic anhydrase (ca) activity and activities of antioxidant enzymes of triticum aestivum l. (cv. samma) under salt stress. application of 90 mm of nacl reduced plant growth (plant height, fresh weight (fw) a ...	2011	21979309
synthetic antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to transiently suppress different nucleus- and chloroplast-encoded proteins of higher plant chloroplasts.	selective inhibition of gene expression by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (odns) is widely applied in gene function analyses; however, experiments with odns in plants are scarce. in this work, we extend the use of odns in different plant species, optimizing the uptake, stability, and efficiency of odns with a combination of molecular biological and biophysical techniques to transiently inhibit the gene expression of different chloroplast proteins. we targeted the nucleus-encoded phytoene desatu ...	2011	21980174
the effect of cultivation intensity on mineral content in grain, flakes and bran of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.)--preliminary study.	the aim of the study was to assess the effect of cultivation intensity on the ca, mg, zn and fe contents in winter wheat grain, flakes and bran. the initial material for the study comprised grain, flakes and bran of two winter wheat cultivars kobiera and bogatka. these cultivars were from two strain testing stations located in lower silesia, zybiszów and tomaszów bolesławiecki in the years 2007-2008. the cultivation was conducted on two intensity levels: lower and higher the mineral content was ...	2011	21980867
Graminan breakdown by fructan exohydrolase induced in winter wheat inoculated with snow mold.	Fructan structures vary widely among plant species. Graminan-type fructans, extensions of sucrose through ß-(2,6)-linked fructosyl units with branches of ß-(2,1)-linked fructosyl units, accumulate in tissues of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) during cold hardening and are metabolized under persistent snow cover. Snow molds such as Typhula ishikariensis and Microdochium nivale opportunistically infect wheat under snow cover. Snow mold-resistant wheat cultivars tend to heavily accumulate and slow ...	2011	21983139
the wheat gene tast can increase the salt tolerance of transgenic arabidopsis.	on the basis of the results of gene chip analysis of the salt-tolerant wheat mutant rh8706-49 under conditions of salt stress, we identified and cloned an unknown salt-induced gene tast (triticum aestivum salt-tolerant). real-time quantitative pcr analysis showed that the expression of the gene was induced by salt stress. transgenic arabidopsis plants overexpressing the tast gene showed higher salt tolerance than the wild-type controls. subcellular localization studies revealed that the protein ...	2012	21993814
the quantitative response of wheat vernalization to environmental variables indicates that vernalization is not a response to cold temperature.	the initiation of flowering is a crucial trait that allows temperate plants to flower in the favourable conditions of spring. the timing of flowering initiation is governed by two main mechanisms: vernalization that defines a plant's requirement for a prolonged exposure to cold temperatures; and photoperiod sensitivity defining the need for long days to initiate floral transition. genetic variability in both vernalization and photoperiod sensitivity largely explains the adaptability of cultivate ...	2012	21994169
a comparative study on the interference of two herbicides in wheat and italian ryegrass and on their antioxidant activities and detoxification rates.	a study was carried out to compare the effects of treating wheat (triticum aestivum) and italian ryegrass (lolium multiflorum) with atrazine and fluorodifen. the herbicides interfered with photosynthesis and dark respiration, depending on the species. atrazine decreased photosynthesis in both species and dark respiration in wheat, while fluorodifen caused decrements of photosynthetic activity of wheat. antioxidant enzymes, such as ascorbate peroxidase (apx), dehydroascorbate reductase (dhar), an ...	2011	21999101
association study of resistance to soilborne wheat mosaic virus in u.s. winter wheat.	soilborne wheat mosaic virus (sbwmv) is one of the most important winter wheat pathogens worldwide. to identify genes for resistance to the virus in u.s. winter wheat, association study was conducted using a selected panel of 205 elite experimental lines and cultivars from u.s. hard and soft winter wheat breeding programs. virus symptoms were evaluated twice in virus-infected fields for the panel at manhattan, ks in spring 2010 and 2011 and for a subpanel of 137 hard winter wheat accessions at s ...	2011	21999158
domain loss has independently occurred multiple times in plant terpene synthase evolution.	the extensive family of plant terpene synthases (tpss) generally has a bi-domain structure, yet phylogenetic analyses consistently indicate that these synthases have evolved from larger diterpene synthases. in particular, that duplication of the diterpene synthase genes required for gibberellin phytohormone biosynthesis provided an early predecessor, whose loss of a approximately 220 amino acid 'internal sequence element' (now recognized as the γ domain) gave rise to the precursor of the modern ...	2011	21999670
sequencing wheat chromosome arm 7bs delimits the 7bs/4al translocation and reveals homoeologous gene conservation.	complex triticeae genomes pose a challenge to genome sequencing efforts due to their size and repetitive nature. genome sequencing can reveal details of conservation and rearrangements between related genomes. we have applied illumina second generation sequencing technology to sequence and assemble the low copy and unique regions of triticum aestivum chromosome arm 7bs, followed by the construction of a syntenic build based on gene order in brachypodium. we have delimited the position of a previ ...	2012	22001910
screening and identification of seed-specific genes using digital differential display tools combined with microarray data from common wheat.	wheat is one of the most important cereal crops for human beings, with seeds being the tissue of highly economic value. various morphogenetic and metabolic processes are exclusively associated with seed maturation. the goal of this study was to screen and identify genes specifically expressed in the developing seed of wheat with an integrative utilization of digital differential display (ddd) and available online microarray databases.	2011	22003838
[dynamic simulation of wheat stem-sheath angle based on process].	based on the field experiments with different plant-type wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars and varied population densities, the time-course changes in the angle between stem and sheath (stem-sheath angle) on main stem were observed, and a process-based model was developed for simulating the growth dynamics of stem-sheath angle on the main stem by using system analysis method and dynamic modeling technology. the stem-sheath angle increased with the growth of corresponding leaves, and decreased ...	2011	22007453
exploration of small non coding rnas in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	large numbers of noncoding rna transcripts (ncrnas) are being revealed in animals and plants, which can function at the transcriptional or posttranscriptional level to negatively regulate or control genes, repetitive sequences, viruses, and mobile elements. with the identification of microrna and sirnas in diverse organisms, increasing evidences indicate that these short npcrnas play important roles in development, stress response and diseases by cleavage of target mrna or interfere with transla ...	2012	22009635
wheatgenome.info: an integrated database and portal for wheat genome information.	bread wheat (triticum aestivum) is one of the most important crop plants, globally providing staple food for a large proportion of the human population. however, improvement of this crop has been limited due to its large and complex genome. advances in genomics are supporting wheat crop improvement. we provide a variety of web-based systems hosting wheat genome and genomic data to support wheat research and crop improvement. wheatgenome.info is an integrated database resource which includes mult ...	2011	22009731
dominant and pleiotropic effects of a gai gene in wheat results from a lack of interaction between della and gid1.	dominance, semidominance, and recessiveness are important modes of mendelian inheritance. the phytohormone gibberellin (ga) regulates many plant growth and developmental processes. the previously cloned semidominant ga-insensitive (gai) genes reduced height1 (rht1) and rht2 in wheat (triticum aestivum) were the basis of the green revolution. however, no completely dominant gai gene has been cloned. here, we report the molecular characterization of rht-b1c, a dominant gai allele in wheat that con ...	2011	22010107
molecular characterization of rht-1 dwarfing genes in hexaploid wheat.	the introduction of the reduced height (rht)-b1b and rht-d1b semidwarfing genes led to impressive increases in wheat (triticum aestivum) yields during the green revolution. the reduction in stem elongation in varieties containing these alleles is caused by a limited response to the phytohormone gibberellin (ga), resulting in improved resistance to stem lodging and yield benefits through an increase in grain number. rht-b1 and rht-d1 encode della proteins, which act to repress ga-responsive growt ...	2011	22013218
characterization of proteins from grain of different bread and durum wheat genotypes.	the classical osborne wheat protein fractions (albumins, globulins, gliadins, and glutenins), as well as several proteins from each of the four subunits of gliadin using sds-page analyses, were determined in the grain of five bread (t. aestivum l.) and five durum wheat (t. durum desf.) genotypes. in addition, content of tryptophan and wet gluten were analyzed. gliadins and glutenins comprise from 58.17% to 65.27% and 56.25% to 64.48% of total proteins and as such account for both quantity and qu ...	2011	22016634
Autotoxicity and allelopathy of 3,4-dihydroxyacetophenone isolated from Picea schrenkiana needles.	Bioassay-guided fractionation of the diethyl ether fraction of a water extract of Picea schrenkiana needles led to the isolation of the phenolic compound 3,4-dihydroxy- acetophenone (DHAP). The allelopathic effects of DHAP were evaluated under laboratory conditions on P. schrenkiana, rice (Oryza sativa L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.), lettuce (Latuca sativa L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and mung bean (Phaseolus radiatus L.). DHAP significantly inhibited seed ...	2011	22024957
zymoseptoria gen. nov.: a new genus to accommodate septoria-like species occurring on graminicolous hosts.	the mycosphaerella complex is both poly- and paraphyletic, containing several different families and genera. the genus mycosphaerella is restricted to species with ramularia anamorphs, while septoria is restricted to taxa that cluster with the type species of septoria, s. cytisi, being closely related to cercospora in the mycosphaerellaceae. species that occur on graminicolous hosts represent an as yet undescribed genus, for which the name zymoseptoria is proposed. based on the 28s nrdna phyloge ...	2011	22025804
comparative transcriptomics reveals 129 transcripts that are temporally regulated during anther development and meiotic progression in both bread wheat (triticum aestivum) and rice (oryza sativa).	meiosis is a specialised type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that generates genetic diversity and prevents chromosome doubling in successive generations. the last decade has seen forward and reverse genetic approaches identifying many genes in the plant kingdom which highlight similarities and differences in the mechanics of meiosis between taxonomic kingdoms. we present here a high throughput in silico analysis, using bread wheat and rice, which has generated a list of 129 t ...	2011	22028702
a 3,000-loci transcription map of chromosome 3b unravels the structural and functional features of gene islands in hexaploid wheat.	to improve our understanding of the organization and regulation of the wheat (triticum aestivum) gene space, we established a transcription map of a wheat chromosome (3b) by hybridizing a newly developed wheat expression microarray with bacterial artificial chromosome pools from a new version of the 3b physical map as well as with cdna probes derived from 15 rna samples. mapping data for almost 3,000 genes showed that the gene space spans the whole chromosome 3b with a 2-fold increase of gene de ...	2011	22034626
fine genetic mapping of greenbug aphid-resistance gene gb3 in aegilops tauschii.	the greenbug, schizaphis graminum (rondani), is an important aphid pest of small grain crops especially wheat (triticum aestivum l., 2n = 6x = 42, genomes aabbdd) in many parts of the world. the greenbug-resistance gene gb3 originated from aegilops tauschii coss. (2n = 2x = 14, genome d(t)d(t)) has shown consistent and durable resistance against prevailing greenbug biotypes in wheat fields. we previously mapped gb3 in a recombination-rich, telomeric bin of wheat chromosome arm 7dl. in this study ...	2012	22038487
a recessive gene controlling male sterility sensitive to short daylength/low temperature in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	utilization of a two-line breeding system via photoperiod-thermo sensitive male sterility has a great potential for hybrid production in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). 337s is a novel wheat male sterile line sensitive to both short daylength/low temperature and long daylength/high temperature. five f(2) populations derived from the crosses between 337s and five common wheat varieties were developed for genetic analysis. all f(1)'s were highly fertile while segregation occurred in the f(2) populat ...	2011	22042660
duplication and partitioning in evolution and function of homoeologous q loci governing domestication characters in polyploid wheat.	the q gene encodes an ap2-like transcription factor that played an important role in domestication of polyploid wheat. the chromosome 5a q alleles (5aq and 5aq) have been well studied, but much less is known about the q alleles on wheat homoeologous chromosomes 5b (5bq) and 5d (5dq). we investigated the organization, evolution, and function of the q/q homoeoalleles in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). q/q gene sequences are highly conserved within and among the a, b, and d genomes of hexap ...	2011	22042872
characterization of three homoeologous cdnas encoding chloroplast-targeted aminolevulinic acid dehydratase in common wheat(f).	in the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway of higher plants, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ala) is metabolized by ala dehydratase (alad). here, we isolated alad1 cdna from common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and its diploid progenitors, and produced transgenic tobacco plants expressing the wheat alad1 gene. the alad1 genes were highly conserved among wheat relatives, and three homoeologous loci of wheat alad1 (taalad1) were equally transcribed in common wheat. a transient expression assay of a taalad1-gf ...	2011	22044778
identification of novel quantitative trait loci for days to ear emergence and flag leaf glaucousness in a bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) population adapted to southern australian conditions.	in southern australia, where the climate is predominantly mediterranean, achieving the correct flowering time in bread wheat minimizes the impact of in-season cyclical and terminal drought. flag leaf glaucousness has been hypothesized as an important component of drought tolerance but its value and genetic basis in locally adapted germplasm is unknown. from a cross between kukri and rac875, a doubled-haploid (dh) population was developed. a genetic linkage map consisting of 456 dart and ssr mark ...	2011	22045047
Developing a sustainable phytomanagement strategy for excessive selenium in western United States and India.	Phytomanagement technology is recognized as an inexpensive and environmental friendly strategy for managing natural-occurring selenium (Se) in soils and in poor quality waters. Multi-year field and greenhouse studies were conducted with different plant species in California, USA and Punjab, India under high Se growing conditions. Some of the plant species included; canola (Brassica napus), mustard (B. juncea), broccoli (B. oleracea), spearmint (Mentha viridis), sugarcane (Saccharum officcinarum) ...	2011	22046761
distribution and diversity of russian wheat aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) biotypes in south africa and lesotho.	russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (kurdjumov) (hemiptera: aphididae) was recorded for the first time in south africa in 1978. in 2005, a second biotype, rwasa2, emerged, and here we report on the emergence of yet another biotype, found for the first time in 2009. the discovery of new russian wheat aphid biotypes is a significant challenge to the wheat, triticum aestivum l., industry in south africa. russian wheat aphid resistance in wheat, that offered wheat producers a long-term solution to ...	2011	22066205
overexpression of gcn2-type protein kinase in wheat has profound effects on free amino acid concentration and gene expression.	a key point of regulation of protein synthesis and amino acid homoeostasis in eukaryotes is the phosphorylation of the α subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eif2α) by protein kinase general control nonderepressible (gcn)-2. in this study, a gcn2-type pcr product (tagcn2) was amplified from wheat (triticum aestivum) rna, while a wheat eif2α homologue was identified in wheat genome data and found to contain a conserved target site for phosphorylation by gcn2. tagcn2 overexpressi ...	2012	22070093
comparison of homoeologous chromosome pairing between hybrids of wheat genotypes chinese spring ph1b and kaixian-luohanmai with rye.	the ph-like genes in the chinese common wheat landrace kaixian-luohanmai (kl) induce homoeologous pairing in hybrids with alien species. in the present study, meiotic phenotypic differences on homoeologous chromosome pairing at metaphase i between hybrids of wheat genotypes chinese spring ph1b (csph1b) and kl with rye were studied by genomic in situ hybridization (gish). the frequency of wheat-wheat associations was higher in csph1b×rye than in kl×rye. however, frequencies of wheat-rye and rye-r ...	2011	22070394
time-dependent distribution of sulphur, sulphate and glutathione in wheat tissues and grain as affected by three sulphur fertilization levels and late s fertilization.	sulphur (s) fertilization has beneficial effects on yield and protein composition of mature wheat kernels. however, to understand the impact of s fertilization on storage protein composition, synthesis of s-containing compounds and their distribution during grain development has to be examined. a pot experiment with triticum aestivum cultivar türkis under three s fertilization levels (0 g, 0.1 g und 0.2 g s per pot) and a late s fertilization level at ear emergence was carried out. stalk and lea ...	2012	22070976
development of a multiplex dna-based traceability tool for crop plant materials.	the authenticity of food is of increasing importance for producers, retailers and consumers. all groups benefit from the correct labelling of the contents of food products. producers and retailers want to guarantee the origin of their products and check for adulteration with cheaper or inferior ingredients. consumers are also more demanding about the origin of their food for various socioeconomic reasons. in contrast to this increasing demand, correct labelling has become much more complex becau ...	2012	22071608
skp1 is involved in abscisic acid signalling to regulate seed germination, stomatal opening and root growth in arabidopsis thaliana.	abscisic acid (aba) regulates many aspects of plant development, including seed dormancy and germination, root growth and stomatal closure. plant skp1 proteins are subunits of the scf complex e3 ligases, which regulate several phytohormone signalling pathways through protein degradation. however, little is known about skp1 proteins participating in aba signalling. here, we report that the overexpression of triticum aestivum skp1-like 1 (tsk1) in arabidopsis thaliana (arabidopsis) resulted in del ...	2012	22074111
high resolution melting analysis for the detection of ems induced mutations in wheat sbeiia genes.	manipulation of the amylose-amylopectin ratio in cereal starch has been identified as a major target for the production of starches with novel functional properties. in wheat, silencing of starch branching enzyme genes by a transgenic approach reportedly caused an increase of amylose content up to 70% of total starch, exhibiting novel and interesting nutritional characteristics. in this work, the functionality of starch branching enzyme iia (sbeiia) has been targeted in bread wheat by tilling. a ...	2011	22074448
proteomes of hard and soft near-isogenic wheat lines reveal that kernel hardness is related to the amplification of a stress response during endosperm development.	wheat kernel texture, a major trait determining the end-use quality of wheat flour, is mainly influenced by puroindolines. these small basic proteins display in vitro lipid binding and antimicrobial properties, but their cellular functions during grain development remain unknown. to gain an insight into their biological function, a comparative proteome analysis of two near-isogenic lines (nils) of bread wheat triticum aestivum l. cv. falcon differing in the presence or absence of the puroindolin ...	2012	22080980
Molecular characterization of novel TaNAC genes in wheat and overexpression of TaNAC2a confers drought tolerance in tobacco.	Plant-specific NAC (NAM/ATAF/CUC) transcription factors (TFs) had been reported to play a role in diverse stress responses and developmental processes. We showed here that six new genes encoding NAC TFs in wheat (Triticum aestivum) were identified (named as TaNAC2a, TaNAC4a, TaNAC6, TaNAC7, TaNAC13 and TaNTL5, respectively), and we classified them into three groups: stress-related NACs, development-related NACs and NTLs (membrane-associated TFs belonging to NAC) by phylogenetic analysis. All TaN ...	2011	22082019
a transcriptomic analysis reveals the nature of salinity tolerance of a wheat introgression line.	the bread wheat cultivar shanrong no.3 (sr3) is a salinity tolerant derivative of an asymmetric somatic hybrid between cultivar jinan 177 (jn177) and tall wheatgrass (thinopyrum ponticum). to reveal some of the mechanisms underlying its elevated abiotic stress tolerance, both sr3 and jn177 were exposed to iso-osmotic nacl and peg stress, and the resulting gene expression was analysed using a customized microarray. some genes associated with stress response proved to be more highly expressed in s ...	2012	22089973
the 'green revolution' dwarfing genes play a role in disease resistance in triticum aestivum and hordeum vulgare.	the green revolution dwarfing genes, rht-b1b and rht-d1b, encode mutant forms of della proteins and are present in most modern wheat varieties. della proteins have been implicated in the response to biotic stress in the model plant, arabidopsis thaliana. using defined wheat rht near-isogenic lines and barley sln1 gain of function (gof) and loss of function (lof) lines, the role of della in response to biotic stress was investigated in pathosystems representing contrasting trophic styles (biotrop ...	2011	22090435
diagnosis and control of cereal viruses in the middle east.	middle eastern countries are major consumers of small grain cereals. egypt is the biggest bread wheat producer with 7.4 million tons (mt) in 2007, but at the same time, it had to import 5.9 mt. jordan and israel import almost all the grains they consume. viruses are the major pathogens that impair grain production in the middle east, infecting in some years more than 80% of the crop. they are transmitted in nonpersistent, semipersistent, and persistent manners by insects (aphids, leafhoppers, an ...	0	22094078
molecular cloning of a new wheat calreticulin gene tacrt1 and expression analysis in plant defense responses and abiotic stress resistance.	calreticulin proteins play essential roles in regulating various metabolic processes and in molecular signal transduction in animals and plants. using homologous pcr, we screened a cdna library of the wheat resistance gene yr5 from a near-isogenic line in the susceptible common wheat variety taichung 29, which was inoculated with an incompatible race cyr32 of puccinia striiformis. we isolated a novel full-length cdna encoding calreticulin protein, which we named tacrt1. sequence analyses ...	2011	22095480
quantitative trait loci mapping of dark-induced senescence in winter wheat (triticum aestivum).	in order to explore the genetics of dark-induced senescence in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.), a quantitative trait loci (qtl) analysis was carried out in a doubled haploid population developed from a cross between the varieties hanxuan 10 (hx) and lumai 14 (lm). the senescence parameters chlorophyll content (chl a+b, chl a, and chl b), original fluorescence (fo), maximum fluorescence level (fm), maximum photochemical efficiency (fv/fm), and ratio of variable fluorescence to original fluore ...	2012	22098940
cryptic introgression of dasypyrum villosum parental dna in wheat lines derived from intergeneric hybridization.	cytogenetic and dna molecular analyses have been carried out in 3 wheat introgression lines (ils; cs×v58, cs×v59, and cs×v60) derived from triticum aestivum cv. 'chinese spring' (cs) × dasypyrum villosum(dv) intergeneric hybridization. all lines, which showed several phenotypic differences compared to cs, had the same chromosome number (2n = 42) and structure as cs, and neither chromosomes nor chromatin from dv were apparently added to their complement. however, feulgen/dna cytophotometry showed ...	2012	22104134
phenotypic variation in acidovorax radicisn35 influences plant growth promotion.	acidovorax radicis n35, isolated from surface-sterilized wheat roots (triticum aestivum), showed irreversible phenotypic variation in nutrient broth, resulting in a differing colony morphology. in addition to the wild-type form (rough colony type), a phenotypic variant form (smooth colony type) appeared at a frequency of 3.2 × 10(-3) per cell per generation on nb agar plates. in contrast to the n35 wild type, the variant n35v showed almost no cell aggregation and had lost its flagella and swarm ...	2011	22107346