Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Alloiococcus otitidis in young children in the era of pneumococcal immunization, Taiwan. | We applied a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and culture to detect Streptococcus pneumoniae and detected 3 other respiratory pathogens--Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Alloiococcus otitidis--simultaneously by PCR, in the nasopharynx of 386 children aged under 5 y. S. pneumoniae was the most common pathogen carried by children in all age groups, with the rate ranging from 15.8% in children aged 3-4 y to 28.6% in children aged 2-3 y. H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis sh ... | 2011 | 21892897 |
| Effect of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal carriage with Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis in a randomized controlled trial. | Seven-valent CRM197-conjugated pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7(CRM197)) reduces both vaccine serotype nasopharyngeal colonization and vaccine serotype acute otitis media by 50-60%. However, overall pneumococcal carriage and impact on otitis media are partly offset by concomitant increase of nonvaccine serotypes. We investigated in a randomized controlled trial the impact of 2-doses and 2+1-doses of PCV7(CRM197) on carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae and of other nasopharyngeal commensals a ... | 2011 | 21893151 |
| antimicrobial actions of reactive oxygen species. | reactive oxygen species (ros) are produced by host phagocytes and exert antimicrobial actions against a broad range of pathogens. the observable antimicrobial actions of ros are highly dependent on experimental conditions. this perspective reviews recent controversies regarding ros in salmonella-phagocyte interactions and attempts to reconcile conflicting observations from different laboratories. | 2011 | 21896680 |
| haemophilus influenzae infections in the h. influenzae type b conjugate vaccine era. | the widespread use of haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) conjugate vaccines has nearly eradicated invasive hib disease where the vaccines are used. this success was accompanied by a shift in capsular serotypes of invasive h. influenzae disease, with nontypeable strains replacing type b strains as the most common bloodstream isolate, but there is no convincing evidence of a true increase in the incidence of non-serotype b invasive infections. h. influenzae causes predominantly mucosal infections ... | 2011 | 21900515 |
| viral-bacterial interactions and risk of acute otitis media complicating upper respiratory tract infection. | acute otitis media (aom) is a common complication of upper respiratory tract infection whose pathogenesis involves both viruses and bacteria. we examined risks of acute otitis media associated with specific combinations of respiratory viruses and acute otitis media bacterial pathogens. data were from a prospective study of children ages 6 to 36 months and included viral and bacterial culture and quantitative pcr for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), human bocavirus, and human metapneumovirus. r ... | 2011 | 21900518 |
| Innate immunity and the role of defensins in otitis media. | Otitis media is the most common pediatric disease in developed countries and a significant cause of morbidity and hearing loss in developing countries. The innate immune system is essential to protecting the middle ear from infection. Defensins, broad-spectrum cationic antimicrobial peptides, have been implicated in prevention of and the early response to acute otitis media; however, the mechanisms by which defensins and other antimicrobial molecules mediate this protection have not been complet ... | 2011 | 21901304 |
| Biofilm formation in Streptococcus pneumoniae. | Biofilm-grown bacteria are refractory to antimicrobial agents and show an increased capacity to evade the host immune system. In recent years, studies have begun on biofilm formation by Streptococcus pneumoniae, an important human pathogen, using a variety of in vitro model systems. The bacterial cells in these biofilms are held together by an extracellular matrix composed of DNA, proteins and, possibly, polysaccharide(s). Although neither the precise nature of these proteins nor the composition ... | 2011 | 21906265 |
| Prediction of the pathogens that are the cause of pneumonia by the battlefield hypothesis. | Commensal organisms are frequent causes of pneumonia. However, the detection of these organisms in the airway does not mean that they are the causative pathogens; they may exist merely as colonizers. In up to 50% cases of pneumonia, the causative pathogens remain unidentified, thereby hampering targeting therapies. In speculating on the role of a commensal organism in pneumonia, we devised the battlefield hypothesis. In the "pneumonia battlefield," the organism-to-human cell number ratio may be ... | 2011 | 21909436 |
| bacteremic complications of intravascular catheter tip colonization with gram-negative micro-organisms in patients without preceding bacteremia. | although gram-negative micro-organisms are frequently associated with catheter-related bloodstream infections, the prognostic value and clinical implication of a positive catheter tip culture with gram-negative micro-organisms without preceding bacteremia remains unclear. we determined the outcomes of patients with intravascular catheters colonized with these micro-organisms, without preceding positive blood cultures, and identified risk factors for the development of subsequent gram-negative ba ... | 2011 | 21909649 |
| bacteremic complications of intravascular catheter tip colonization with gram-negative micro-organisms in patients without preceding bacteremia. | although gram-negative micro-organisms are frequently associated with catheter-related bloodstream infections, the prognostic value and clinical implication of a positive catheter tip culture with gram-negative micro-organisms without preceding bacteremia remains unclear. we determined the outcomes of patients with intravascular catheters colonized with these micro-organisms, without preceding positive blood cultures, and identified risk factors for the development of subsequent gram-negative ba ... | 2011 | 21909649 |
| Studies on the antibacterial effects of statins--in vitro and in vivo. | Statin treatment has been associated with a beneficial outcome on respiratory tract infections. In addition, previous in vitro and in vivo experiments have indicated favorable effects of statins in bacterial infections. | 2011 | 21912631 |
| community-acquired polymicrobial pneumonia in the intensive care unit: aetiology and prognosis. | abstract: introduction: the frequency and clinical significance of polymicrobial aetiology in community-acquired pneumonia (cap) patients admitted to the icu have been poorly studied. the aim of the present study was to describe the prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcomes of severe cap of polymicrobial aetiology in patients admitted to the icu. methods: the prospective observational study included 362 consecutive adult patients with cap admitted to the icu within 24 hours of presentat ... | 2011 | 21914220 |
| high detection rates of nucleic acids of a wide range of respiratory viruses in the nasopharynx and the middle ear of children with a history of recurrent acute otitis media. | both bacteria and viruses play a role in the development of acute otitis media, however, the importance of specific viruses is unclear. in this study molecular methods were used to determine the presence of nucleic acids of human rhinoviruses (hrv; types a, b, and c), respiratory syncytial viruses (rsv; types a and b), bocavirus (hbov), adenovirus, enterovirus, coronaviruses (229e, hku1, nl63, and oc43), influenza viruses (types a, b, and c), parainfluenza viruses (types 1, 2, 3, 4a, and 4b), hu ... | 2011 | 21915878 |
| RbsB (NTHI_0632) mediates quorum signal uptake in nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae strain 86-028NP. | Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) is a respiratory commensal and opportunistic pathogen, which persists within biofilms on airway mucosal surfaces. For many species, biofilm formation is impacted by quorum signalling. Our prior work shows that production of autoinducer-2 (AI-2) promotes biofilm development and persistence for NTHI 86-028NP. NTHI 86-028NP encodes an ABC transporter annotated as a ribose transport system that includes a protein (RbsB) with similarity to the Escherichia col ... | 2011 | 21923771 |
| influenza virus induces bacterial and nonbacterial otitis media. | otitis media (om) is one of the most common childhood diseases. om can arise when a viral infection enables bacteria to disseminate from the nasopharynx to the middle ear. here, we provide the first infant murine model for disease. mice coinfected with streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza virus had high bacterial load in the middle ear, middle ear inflammation, and hearing loss. in contrast, mice colonized with s. pneumoniae alone had significantly less bacteria in the ear, minimal hearing los ... | 2011 | 21930608 |
| pre-hospital intubation factors and pneumonia in trauma patients. | we reported similar rates of ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) previously in trauma patients intubated either in a pre-hospital (ph) venue or the emergency department. a subset of ph intubations with continuous quality assessment was re-examined to identify the intubation factors associated with vap. | 2011 | 21933010 |
| Potential role of chitinases and chitin-binding proteins in host-microbial interactions during the development of intestinal inflammation. | The small and large intestines contain an abundance of luminal antigens derived from food products and enteric microorganisms. The function of intestinal epithelial cells is tightly regulated by several factors produced by enteric bacteria and the epithelial cells themselves. Epithelial cells actively participate in regulating the homeostasis of intestine, and failure of this function leads to abnormal and host-microbial interactions resulting in the development of intestinal inflammation. Major ... | 2011 | 21938682 |
| novel multitarget real-time pcr assay for rapid detection of bordetella species in clinical specimens. | a novel multitarget real-time pcr (rt-pcr) assay for the rapid identification of bordetella pertussis, b. parapertussis, and b. holmesii was developed using multicopy insertion sequences (iss) in combination with the pertussis toxin subunit s1 (ptxs1) singleplex assay. the rt-pcr targets for the multiplex assay include is481, commonly found in b. pertussis and b. holmesii; is1001 of b. parapertussis; and the is1001-like sequence of b. holmesii. overall, 402 bordetella species and 66 non-bordetel ... | 2011 | 21940464 |
| serratia pneumonia presenting as hemoptysis in a patient with sarcoidosis: a case report. | serratia marcescens is a gram-negative bacillus which belongs to the family enterobacteriaceae. it is a facultative anaerobe and produces red pigment at room temperature. it naturally occurs in soil and water as well as the intestines, and it is responsible for nosocomial infections. there have been few reports about community acquired pneumonia of serratia. | 2011 | 21941452 |
| management of patients during and after exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the role of primary care physicians. | current treatments have failed to stem the continuing rise in health care resource use and fatalities associated with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). reduction of severity and prevention of new exacerbations are therefore important in disease management, especially for patients with frequent exacerbations. acute exacerbation treatment includes short-acting bronchodilators, systemic corticosteroids, and antibiotics if bacterial infections are present. oxygen and/or ... | 2011 | 21941453 |
| nasopharynx as a microbiologic reservoir in chronic suppurative otitis media: preliminary study. | the present study was designed to identify the correlations of bacterial strains of the middle ear and the nasopharynx in chronic suppurative otitis media (csom) patients who were scheduled for operations. | 2011 | 21949577 |
| in vitro antimicrobial studies of silver carbene complexes: activity of free and nanoparticle carbene formulations against clinical isolates of pathogenic bacteria. | silver carbenes may represent novel, broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents that have low toxicity while providing varying chemistry for targeted applications. here, the bactericidal activity of four silver carbene complexes (sccs) with different formulations, including nanoparticles (nps) and micelles, was tested against a panel of clinical strains of bacteria and fungi that are the causative agents of many skin and soft tissue, respiratory, wound, blood, and nosocomial infections. | 2012 | 21972270 |
| in vitro antimicrobial studies of silver carbene complexes: activity of free and nanoparticle carbene formulations against clinical isolates of pathogenic bacteria. | silver carbenes may represent novel, broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents that have low toxicity while providing varying chemistry for targeted applications. here, the bactericidal activity of four silver carbene complexes (sccs) with different formulations, including nanoparticles (nps) and micelles, was tested against a panel of clinical strains of bacteria and fungi that are the causative agents of many skin and soft tissue, respiratory, wound, blood, and nosocomial infections. | 2012 | 21972270 |
| Bacterial tracheitis: a varied entity. | The objective of the study was to highlight the different presentations of bacterial tracheitis (BT), a potential life-threatening cause of airway obstruction in children. | 2011 | 21975496 |
| high prevalence of sinusitis in children with henoch-schönlein purpura. | we evaluated the prevalence and the types of infectious foci in oral as well as ear, nose, and throat diseases, and we examined incidence of renal involvement with active treatment for focal infection in children with henoch-schönlein purpura. a total of 96 children who presented at aichi children's health and medical center and were diagnosed as having hsp were evaluated for infectious foci in the ear, nose, throat, and oral cavities. seventy-one of 96 children (74.0%) had some type of infectio ... | 2011 | 21977045 |
| Antibacterial spectrum and cytotoxic activities of serrulatane compounds from the Australian medicinal plant Eremophila neglecta. | Aims: To determine the antibacterial spectrum and cytotoxic activities of serrulatane compounds from the Australian plant Eremophila neglecta. Methods and Results: Antimicrobial activities of serrulatane compounds 8,19-dihydroxyserrulat-14-ene (1) and 8-hydroxyserrulat-14-en-19-oic acid (2) were tested against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria including human and veterinary pathogens and some multidrug-resistant isolates. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal ... | 2012 | 21988135 |
| acute lung failure. | lung failure is the most common organ failure seen in the intensive care unit. the pathogenesis of acute respiratory failure (arf) can be classified as (1) neuromuscular in origin, (2) secondary to acute and chronic obstructive airway diseases, (3) alveolar processes such as cardiogenic and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema and pneumonia, and (4) vascular diseases such as acute or chronic pulmonary embolism. this article reviews the more common causes of arf from each group, including the pathologi ... | 2011 | 21989697 |
| an economical tandem multiplex real-time pcr technique for the detection of a comprehensive range of respiratory pathogens. | this study used real-time pcr assays to screen small sample volumes for a comprehensive range of 35 respiratory pathogens. initial thermocycling was limited to 20 cycles to avoid competition for reagents, followed by a secondary real-time multiplex pcr. supplementary semi-nested human metapneumovirus and picornavirus pcr assays were required to complete the acute respiratory pathogen profile. potential pathogens were detected in 85 (70%) of pernasal aspirates collected from 121 children with acu ... | 2009 | 21994537 |
| Long-term azithromycin therapy in patients with severe COPD and repeated exacerbations. | The aim of this study was to determine whether long-term intermittent azithromycin therapy reduces the frequency of exacerbation in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). | 2011 | 22003290 |
| haemophilus influenzae type b carriage among young children in metropolitan atlanta in the context of vaccine shortage and booster dose deferral. | short-term deferral of the haemophilus influenzae type b (hib) vaccine booster dose during a recent u.s. hib vaccine shortage did not result in widespread hib carriage in atlanta, as the hib carriage rate was found to be 0.3% (1/342). hib colonization was significantly more common among males and day care attendees. | 2011 | 22012977 |
| c4-alkylthiols with activity against moraxella catarrhalis and mycobacterium tuberculosis. | antimicrobial resistance represents a global threat to healthcare. the ability to adequately treat infectious diseases is increasingly under siege due to the emergence of drug-resistant microorganisms. new approaches to drug development are especially needed to target organisms that exhibit broad antibiotic resistance due to expression of β-lactamases which is the most common mechanism by which bacteria become resistant to β-lactam antibiotics. we designed and synthesized 20 novel monocyclic β-l ... | 2011 | 22014754 |
| the role of oxyr and soxrs in oxidative stress survival in shigella flexneri. | shigella flexneri, a facultative intracellular pathogen, is exposed to a variety of environments inside and outside of the human host. some of these environments may contain significant oxidative stress. s. flexneri mutants were generated with deletions in the major oxidative stress regulators oxyr and/or soxrs to test their importance in shigella biology. strains that contained a deletion of oxyr had reduced growth and survival during aerobic growth, but not microaerobic growth. the mutants wer ... | 2011 | 22015257 |
| the role of oxyr and soxrs in oxidative stress survival in shigella flexneri. | shigella flexneri, a facultative intracellular pathogen, is exposed to a variety of environments inside and outside of the human host. some of these environments may contain significant oxidative stress. s. flexneri mutants were generated with deletions in the major oxidative stress regulators oxyr and/or soxrs to test their importance in shigella biology. strains that contained a deletion of oxyr had reduced growth and survival during aerobic growth, but not microaerobic growth. the mutants wer ... | 2011 | 22015257 |
| Molecular identification of bacteria in tracheal aspirate fluid from mechanically ventilated preterm infants. | Despite strong evidence linking infections to the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), limitations of bacterial culture methods have precluded systematic studies of airway organisms relative to disease outcomes. Application of molecular bacterial identification strategies may provide new insight into the role of bacterial acquisition in the airways of preterm infants at risk for BPD. | 2011 | 22016793 |
| mobile genetic elements in moraxella catarrhalis. | moraxella catarrhalis is a gram-negative diplococcus that is a strict human pathogen, which for a long period of time was regarded as a simple commensal. research now shows that this organism is a pathogen its own right and is associated with both upper and lower respiratory tract infections. further, there appears to be a dichotomy in the pathogenic potential of m. catarrhalis with upper respiratory tract infections mainly occurring in children, and lower respiratory tract infections mainly occ ... | 2011 | 22016866 |
| multi-species bacterial biofilm and intracellular infection in otitis media. | bacteria which are metabolically active yet unable to be cultured and eradicated by antibiotic treatment are present in the middle ear effusion of children with chronic otitis media with effusion (come) and recurrent acute otitis media (raom). these observations are suggestive of biofilm presence or intracellular sequestration of bacteria and may play a role in om pathogenesis. the aim of this project is to provide evidence for the presence of otopathogenic bacteria intracellularly or within bio ... | 2011 | 22018357 |
| clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with severe h1n1/09 pandemic influenza in australia and new zealand: an observational cohort study. | background pandemic influenza h1n1/09 emerged in april 2009 and spread widely in australia and new zealand. although an unprecedented number of cases required intensive care, comparative community-based studies with seasonal influenza strains have not shown any significant differences in clinical symptoms or severity. methods the authors performed active surveillance on confirmed influenza-related admissions and compared the clinical profile of patients with pandemic h1n1/09 influenza and patien ... | 2011 | 22021761 |
| nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization and gene polymorphisms of mannose-binding lectin and toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in infants. | human nasopharynx is often colonized by potentially pathogenic bacteria. gene polymorphisms in mannose-binding lectin (mbl), toll-like receptor (tlr) 2 and tlr4 have been reported. the present study aimed to investigate possible association between nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization and gene polymorphisms of mbl, tlr2 and tlr4 in healthy infants. | 2011 | 22022564 |
| colistin-resistant, lipopolysaccharide-deficient acinetobacter baumannii responds to lipopolysaccharide loss through increased expression of genes involved in the synthesis and transport of lipoproteins, phospholipids, and poly-β-1,6-n-acetylglucosamine. | we recently demonstrated that colistin resistance in acinetobacter baumannii can result from mutational inactivation of genes essential for lipid a biosynthesis (moffatt jh, et al., antimicrob. agents chemother. 54:4971-4977). consequently, strains harboring these mutations are unable to produce the major gram-negative bacterial surface component, lipopolysaccharide (lps). to understand how a. baumannii compensates for the lack of lps, we compared the transcriptional profile of the a. baumannii ... | 2012 | 22024825 |
| Alternative Spermidine Biosynthetic Route Is Critical for Growth of Campylobacter jejuni and Is the Dominant Polyamine Pathway in Human Gut Microbiota. | The availability of fully sequenced bacterial genomes has revealed that many species known to synthesize the polyamine spermidine lack the spermidine biosynthetic enzymes S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase and spermidine synthase. We found that such species possess orthologues of the sym-norspermidine biosynthetic enzymes carboxynorspermidine dehydrogenase and carboxynorspermidine decarboxylase. By deleting these genes in the food-borne pathogen Campylobacter jejuni, we found that the carboxynor ... | 2011 | 22025614 |
| Pharmacodynamic evaluation of commonly prescribed oral antibiotics against respiratory bacterial pathogens. | Upper and lower respiratory tract infections (RTIs) account for a substantial portion of outpatient antibiotic utilization. However, the pharmacodynamic activity of commonly used oral antibiotic regimens has not been studied against clinically relevant pathogens. The objective of this study was to assess the probability of achieving the requisite pharmacodynamic exposure for oral antibacterial regimens commonly prescribed for RTIs in adults against bacterial isolates frequently involved in these ... | 2011 | 22026724 |
| passive smoking and nasopharyngeal colonization by streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis in daycare children. | exposure to tobacco smoke may be associated with higher risk of nasopharyngeal colonization and infection by streptococcus pneumoniae (sp), haemophilus influenzae (hi), and moraxella catarrhalis (mc). this study was done to determine the influence of passive smoking on s. pneumoniae, h. influenzae, and m. catarrhalis colonization rates among children. this is a prospective cross-sectional study. tertiary referral centers with accredited otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery and microbiology ... | 2011 | 22033573 |
| integrated analysis of three bacterial conjunctivitis trials of besifloxacin ophthalmic suspension, 0.6%: etiology of bacterial conjunctivitis and antibacterial susceptibility profile. | the purpose of this paper is to report on the bacterial species isolated from patients with bacterial conjunctivitis participating in three clinical trials of besifloxacin ophthalmic suspension, 0.6%, and their in vitro antibacterial susceptibility profiles. | 2011 | 22034556 |
| DISTRIBUTION AND SURFACTANT ASSOCIATION OF CARCINOEMBRYONIC CELL ADHESION MOLECULE 6 IN HUMAN LUNG. | Carcinoembryonic cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6) is a glycosylated, GPI-anchored protein expressed in epithelial cells of various primate tissues. It binds gram-negative bacteria and is over-expressed in human cancers. CEACAM6 is associated with lamellar bodies of cultured type II cells of human fetal lung and protects surfactant function in vitro. In this study we characterized CEACAM6 expression in vivo in human lung. CEACAM6 was present in lung lavage of premature infants at birth and incr ... | 2011 | 22037359 |
| DISTRIBUTION AND SURFACTANT ASSOCIATION OF CARCINOEMBRYONIC CELL ADHESION MOLECULE 6 IN HUMAN LUNG. | Carcinoembryonic cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6) is a glycosylated, GPI-anchored protein expressed in epithelial cells of various primate tissues. It binds gram-negative bacteria and is over-expressed in human cancers. CEACAM6 is associated with lamellar bodies of cultured type II cells of human fetal lung and protects surfactant function in vitro. In this study we characterized CEACAM6 expression in vivo in human lung. CEACAM6 was present in lung lavage of premature infants at birth and incr ... | 2011 | 22037359 |
| cumulative clinical experience from over a decade of use of levofloxacin in community-acquired pneumonia: critical appraisal and role in therapy. | levofloxacin is the synthetic l-isomer of the racemic fluoroquinolone, ofloxacin. it interferes with critical processes in the bacterial cell such as dna replication, transcription, repair, and recombination by inhibiting bacterial topoisomerases. levofloxacin has broad spectrum activity against several causative bacterial pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia (cap). oral levofloxacin is rapidly absorbed and is bioequivalent to the intravenous formulation such that patients can be convenient ... | 2011 | 22046107 |
| epidemiology and clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with pandemic influenza a (h1n1) 2009 infections: the effects of bacterial coinfection. | numerous reports have described the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of influenza a (h1n1) 2009 infected patients. however, data on the effects of bacterial coinfection on these patients are very scarce. therefore, this study explores the impact of bacterial coinfection on the clinical and laboratory parameters amongst h1n1 hospitalized patients. | 2011 | 22050645 |
| clinical spectrum of acute rhinosinusitis among atopic and nonatopic children in taiwan. | rhinitis and sinusitis are very common medical conditions and have been shown to be frequently associated. the role of allergies in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis has been confirmed; however, the role of allergies in acute rhinosinusitis is debatable. nonetheless, allergies are an important factor in the development of rhinosinusitis. | 2011 | 22051141 |
| Defining the Roles of Human Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cellular Adhesion Molecules during Neutrophil Responses to Neisseria gonorrhoeae. | Symptomatic infection of humans with Neisseria gonorrhoeae is characterized by a neutrophil-rich cervical or urethral exudate, suggesting that neutrophils are important both for the clearance of these bacteria and for the pathogenesis of gonorrhea. Neisseria interacts with neutrophils through ligation of human carcinoembryonic antigen related-cellular adhesion molecules (CEACAMs) by their surface-expressed Opa proteins, resulting in bacterial binding, engulfment, and neutrophil activation. Multi ... | 2012 | 22064717 |
| protein domain of unknown function 3233 is a translocation domain of autotransporter secretory mechanism in gamma proteobacteria. | vibrio cholerae, the enteropathogenic gram negative bacteria is one of the main causative agents of waterborne diseases like cholera. about 1/3(rd) of the organism's genome is uncharacterised with many protein coding genes lacking structure and functional information. these proteins form significant fraction of the genome and are crucial in understanding the organism's complete functional makeup. in this study we report the general structure and function of a family of hypothetical proteins, dom ... | 2011 | 22073138 |
| Synthesis of a novel pentasaccharide core component from the lipooligosaccharide of Moraxella catarrhalis. | The novel pentasaccharide [p-(trifluoroacetamido)phenyl]ethyl 3-O-ß-D-glucopyranosyl-4-O-ß-D-glucopyranosyl-6-O-[2-O-(a-D-glucopyranosyl)-ß-D-glucopyranosyl]-a-D-glucopyranoside (1), which includes a linker moiety to enable facile coupling to an antigenic protein, was synthesised as a component of a potential vaccine candidate against the Gram-negative bacterium Moraxella catarrhalis. This microorganism is one of three principal causative agents of otitis media in children. The pentasaccharide r ... | 2011 | 22074676 |
| Cloning and expression of a gene with phospholipase B activity from Pseudomonas fluorescens in Escherichia coli. | A gene from Pseudomonasfluorescens BIT-18 encoding a protein with phospholipase B activity (Pf-PLB) was cloned in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The open reading frame consists of 1272bp and potentially encodes a protein of 423 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 45.8kDa. The nucleotide sequence of Pf-PLB is 45%, 42%, 41%, 40%, 33%, and 31% identical to that of Bifidobacteriumanimals, Mycobacteriumparascrofulaceum, Acidobacteriumcapsulatum, Lactobacillusjohnsonii, Moraxellabovis, and Mo ... | 2012 | 22078969 |
| elastase/lps-exposed mice exhibit impaired innate immune responses to bacterial challenge: role of scavenger receptor a. | nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) is an important bacterial pathogen associated with lower respiratory tract colonization and with acute exacerbations and disease progression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). why the immune system fails to eliminate nthi and the exact contribution of the organism to copd progression are not well understood, in part because we lack an animal model that mimics all aspects of copd. for this study, we used an established murine model that exhi ... | 2012 | 22079429 |
| the randomized comparative pediatric critical illness stress-induced immune suppression (crisis) prevention trial. | nosocomial infection/sepsis occurs in up to 40% of children requiring long-term intensive care. zinc, selenium, glutamine, metoclopramide (a prolactin secretalogue), and/or whey protein supplementation have been effective in reducing infection and sepsis in other populations. we evaluated whether daily nutriceutical supplementation with zinc, selenium, glutamine, and metoclopramide, compared to whey protein, would reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infection/sepsis in this at-risk population. | 2012 | 22079954 |
| the emerging relationship between the airway microbiota and chronic respiratory disease: clinical implications. | until recently, relationships between evidence of colonization or infection by specific microbial species and the development, persistence or exacerbation of pulmonary disease have informed our opinions of airway microbiology. however, recent applications of culture-independent tools for microbiome profiling have revealed a more diverse microbiota than previously recognized in the airways of patients with chronic pulmonary disease. new evidence indicates that the composition of airway microbiota ... | 2011 | 22082166 |
| the neisseria meningitidis znud zinc receptor contributes to interactions with epithelial cells and supports heme utilization when expressed in escherichia coli. | neisseria meningitidis employs redundant heme acquisition mechanisms, including tonb receptor-dependent and receptor-independent uptakes. the tonb-dependent zinc receptor znud shares significant sequence similarity to huma, a heme receptor of moraxella catarrhalis, and contains conserved motifs found in many heme utilization proteins. we present data showing that, when expressed in escherichia coli, znud allowed heme capture on the cell surface and supported the heme-dependent growth of an e. co ... | 2011 | 22083713 |
| update on acute otitis media in children younger than 2 years of age. | as concern about antimicrobial resistance grows, i am aware of the need to reduce unnecessary antibiotic treatment; however, in my practice i see many children with acute otitis media (aom) and this is the most common reason i prescribe antibiotics. most of these children are young and otherwise healthy, and i am uncertain about when to prescribe antibiotics and when to endorse "watchful waiting." which children will benefit from antibiotic treatment? | 2011 | 22084458 |
| roflumilast, a novel phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, for copd patients with a history of exacerbations. | acute exacerbations of copd (aecopd) are major clinical events. they are associated with a more rapid decline in lung function, poorer quality of life scores, and an increased risk of dying. exacerbations that require hospitalization have particular significance. approximately 40% of the aecopd patients who require hospitalization will die in the subsequent year. since many aecopd require hospitalization, they account for most of the expense of caring for copd patients. treatment with long-actin ... | 2011 | 22084617 |
| monophosphoryl lipid a induced innate immune responses via tlr4 to enhance clearance of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis from the nasopharynx in mice. | acute otitis media (aom) is one of the most common infectious diseases in children. nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) and moraxella catarrhalis, gram-negative bacteria, are considered major pathogens of aom and respiratory tract infections. in this study, we used monophosphoryl lipid a (mpl) as a toll-like receptor (tlr4) agonist to induce innate immune responses before challenge with nthi and m. catarrhalis to enhance bacterial clearance from the nasopharynx. mice were intranasally admi ... | 2011 | 22092567 |
| effect of denture adhesive on the micro-organisms in vivo. | gerodontology 2011; doi: 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2010.00381.x effect of denture adhesive on the micro-organisms in vivo background: denture adhesives increase the retention and stability of dentures in edentulous patients, especially in cases where salivary flow is impaired or in the management of traumatised oral mucosa. objectives: the effect of a denture adhesive on the oral flora at different time intervals. method: thirty denture-wearing patients were involved in this study. while half of th ... | 2011 | 22098056 |
| Pharmacological antioxidant strategies as therapeutic interventions for COPD. | Cigarette/tobacco smoke/biomass fuel-induced oxidative and aldehyde/carbonyl stress are intimately associated with the progression and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, targeting systemic and local oxidative stress with antioxidants/redox modulating agents, or boosting the endogenous levels of antioxidants are likely to have beneficial effects in the treatment/management of COPD. Various antioxidant agents, such as thiol molecules (glutathione and mucolytic ... | 2011 | 22101076 |
| Pharmacological antioxidant strategies as therapeutic interventions for COPD. | Cigarette/tobacco smoke/biomass fuel-induced oxidative and aldehyde/carbonyl stress are intimately associated with the progression and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, targeting systemic and local oxidative stress with antioxidants/redox modulating agents, or boosting the endogenous levels of antioxidants are likely to have beneficial effects in the treatment/management of COPD. Various antioxidant agents, such as thiol molecules (glutathione and mucolytic ... | 2011 | 22101076 |
| antibiotic resistance in primary care in austria - a systematic review of scientific and grey literature. | abstract: | 2011 | 22123085 |
| gargling for oral hygiene and the development of fever in childhood: a population study in japan. | fever is one of the most common symptoms among children and is usually caused by respiratory infections. although japanese health authorities have long recommended gargling to prevent respiratory infections, its effectiveness among children is not clear. | 2012 | 22123226 |
| diagnosis of tuberculosis by trained african giant pouched rats and confounding impact of pathogens and microflora of the respiratory tract. | trained african giant-pouched rats (cricetomys gambianus) can detect mycobacterium tuberculosis and show potential for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (tb). however, rats' ability to discriminate between clinical sputum containing other mycobacterium spp. and nonmycobacterial species of the respiratory tract is unknown. it is also unknown whether nonmycobacterial species produce odor similar to m. tuberculosis and thereby cause the detection of smear-negative sputum. sputum samples from 289 subjec ... | 2011 | 22135255 |
| Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of the carriage and invasive disease isolates of Neisseria meningitidis in Finland. | The relationship between carriage and the development of invasive meningococcal disease is not fully understood. We investigated here the changes in meningococcal carriage in 892 military recruits in Finland during a non-epidemic period from July 2004 to January 2006 and characterized all the oropharyngeal meningococcal isolates obtained (n=215) by phenotypic (serogrouping, serotyping) and genotypic (porA typing and multilocus sequence typing) methods. For comparison, 84 invasive meningococcal d ... | 2011 | 22135261 |
| moxifloxacin versus amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in outpatient acute exacerbations of copd: maestral results. | bacterial infections causing acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aecopd) frequently require antibacterial treatment. more evidence is needed to guide antibiotic choice. the moxifloxacin in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis trial (maestral) was a multiregional, randomised, double-blind non-inferiority outpatient study. patients were aged ≥ 60 yrs, with an anthonisen type i exacerbation, a forced expiratory volume in 1 s < 60% predicted and two or more exacerbatio ... | 2011 | 22135277 |
| moxifloxacin versus amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in outpatient acute exacerbations of copd: maestral results. | bacterial infections causing acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aecopd) frequently require antibacterial treatment. more evidence is needed to guide antibiotic choice. the moxifloxacin in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis trial (maestral) was a multiregional, randomised, double-blind non-inferiority outpatient study. patients were aged ≥ 60 yrs, with an anthonisen type i exacerbation, a forced expiratory volume in 1 s < 60% predicted and two or more exacerbatio ... | 2011 | 22135277 |
| wheeze in preschool age is associated with pulmonary bacterial infection and resolves after antibiotic therapy. | neonates with airways colonized by haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae or moraxella catarrhalis are at increased risk for recurrent wheeze which may resemble asthma early in life. it is not clear whether chronic colonization by these pathogens is causative for severe persistent wheeze in some preschool children and whether these children might benefit from antibiotic treatment. we assessed the relevance of bacterial colonization and chronic airway infection in preschool children wit ... | 2011 | 22140482 |
| molecular mechanisms mediating colonization of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli strains. | shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) are a group of pathogens which cause gastrointestinal disease in humans and have been associated with numerous food-borne outbreaks worldwide. the intimin adhesin has been considered for many years as the only colonization factor in these strains. however, the rapid progress in whole-genome sequencing of different stec serotypes has accelerated the discovery of other adhesins (fimbrial and afimbrial), which have emerged as important contributors to t ... | 2011 | 22144484 |
| acute infective conjunctivitis in primary care: who needs antibiotics? an individual patient data meta-analysis. | acute infective conjunctivitis is a common problem in primary care, traditionally managed with topical antibiotics. a number of clinical trials have questioned the benefit of topical antibiotics for patients with acute infective conjunctivitis. | 2011 | 22152728 |
| antimicrobial resistance of moraxella catarrhalis isolates in taiwan. | background/purpose: the prevalence of ampicillin-resistant moraxella catarrhalis has been higher in taiwan than in other countries, with reports of 97.7% in the 1990s. the aims of this study were to assess resistance trends for m. catarrhalis, which causes respiratory tract infections, against several classes of oral antibiotics and to compare the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of antimicrobial agents against m. catarrhalis isolates between 1993-1994 and 2001-2004. methods: clinical isol ... | 2011 | 22154675 |
| Rapid Identification of Mycobacteria and Drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis using a Single Multiplex PCR and DNA Sequencing. | Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health problem for which rapid diagnosis is critical to both treatment and control. This report describes a multiplex PCR method, the Mycobacterial IDentification and Drug Resistance Screen (MID-DRS) assay, which allows for identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex (MTBC) and the simultaneous amplification of targets for sequencing-based drug resistance ((R)) screening of rifampin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide. Additionally, the same multip ... | 2011 | 22162548 |
| acrb trimer stability and efflux activity, insight from mutagenesis studies. | the multidrug transporter acrb in escherichia coli exists and functions as a homo-trimer. the assembly process of obligate membrane protein oligomers, including acrb, remains poorly understood. in a previous study, we have shown that individual acrb subunit is capable of folding independently, suggesting that trimerization of acrb follows a three-stage pathway in which monomers first fold, and then assemble. here we destabilized the acrb trimer through mutating a single pro (p223) in the protrud ... | 2011 | 22163011 |
| the effect of pneumococcal vaccination on nasopharyngeal carriage of s. pneumoniae, h. influenzae, m. catarrhalis, and s. aureus in fijian children. | the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (pcv7) reduces carriage of vaccine type streptococcus pneumoniae but leads to replacement by non-vaccine serotypes and may affect carriage of other respiratory pathogens. we investigated nasopharyngeal carriage of s. pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, and staphylococcus aureus in fijian infants participating in a pneumococcal vaccine trial using quantitative pcr. vaccination did not affect pathogen carriage rates or densities, w ... | 2011 | 22170924 |
| presence of viral nucleic acids in the middle ear: acute otitis media pathogen or bystander? | viruses play an important role in acute otitis media (aom) pathogenesis, and live viruses may cause aom in the absence of pathogenic bacteria. detection of aom pathogens generally relies on bacterial culture of middle ear fluid. when viral culture is used and live viruses are detected in the middle ear fluid of children with aom, the viruses are generally accepted as aom pathogens. because viral culture is not sensitive and does not detect the comprehensive spectrum of respiratory viruses, polym ... | 2012 | 22173136 |
| use of the chinchilla model for nasopharyngeal colonization to study gene expression by moraxella catarrhalis. | young adult chinchillas were atraumatically inoculated with m. catarrhalis via the nasal route. detailed histopathologic examination of nasopharyngeal tissues isolated from these m. catarrhalis-infected animals revealed the presence of significant inflammation within the epithelium. absence of similar histopathologic findings in sham-inoculated animals confirmed that m. catarrhalis was exposed to significant host-derived factors in this environment. twenty-four hr after inoculation, viable m. ca ... | 2011 | 22184412 |
| alkyl hydroperoxide reductase is required for helicobacter cinaedi intestinal colonization and survival under oxidative stress in balb/c and balb/c il10-/- mice. | helicobacter cinaedi, a common human intestinal bacterium, has been implicated in various enteric and systemic diseases in normal and immunocompromised patients. protection against oxidative stress is a crucial component of bacteria-host interactions. alkyl hydroperoxide reductase c (ahpc) is an enzyme responsible for detoxification of peroxides and is important in protection from peroxide-induced stress. h. cinaedi possesses a single ahpc, which was investigated with respect to its role in bact ... | 2011 | 22184416 |
| sinusitis (acute). | acute sinusitis is defined pathologically, by transient inflammation of the mucosal lining of the paranasal sinuses lasting less than 4 weeks. clinically, it is characterised by nasal congestion, rhinorrhoea, facial pain, hyposmia, sneezing, and, if more severe, additional malaise and fever. it affects 1% to 5% of the adult population each year in europe. | 2011 | 22189346 |
| staphylococcus aureus: is it a pathogen of acute bacterial sinusitis in children and adults? | streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis are the etiologic agents of acute bacterial sinusitis (abs). staphylococcus aureus has been an uncommon cause of abs despite its frequent occupancy within the anterior nares. a quantitative culture of a maxillary sinus aspirate is the gold standard for determining etiology of abs. cultures of the middle meatus cannot be used as a surrogate for a maxillary sinus aspirate in children with abs, although they may be used in ... | 2011 | 22198792 |
| Clinical Significance of Serum S100A12 in Acute Otitis Media in Young Children. | BACKGROUND: S100A12 is a calcium-binding protein predominantly expressed in neutrophil granulocytes in response to infections or inflammation. Acute otitis media (AOM) is a local infection mainly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn), nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) and/or Moraxella catarrhalis (Mcat). METHODS: To study if S100A12 values could serve as a diagnostic marker, serum S100A12 concentrations were tested in young children before, at onset and after recovery from AOM. RESULT ... | 2011 | 22198825 |
| genetic variant associations of human sp-a and sp-d with acute and chronic lung injury. | pulmonary surfactant, a lipoprotein complex, maintains alveolar integrity and plays an important role in lung host defense, and control of inflammation. altered inflammatory processes and surfactant dysfunction are well described events that occur in patients with acute or chronic lung disease that can develop secondary to a variety of insults. genetic variants of surfactant proteins, including single nucleotide polymorphisms, haplotypes, and other genetic variations have been associated with ac ... | 2012 | 22201752 |
| a role for tlrs in moraxella-superantigen induced polyclonal b cell activation. | a number of microorganisms are capable of binding immunoglobulins (igs) in a manner, which excludes binding to conventional antigen binding sites. interaction of such bacterial proteins with surface immunoglobulins leads to polyclonal activation of b-lymphocytes. a recent example is moraxella catarrhalis that binds to b lymphocytes in an igd-dependent manner and induces proliferation and differentiation of b lymphocytes leading to the production of unspecific igs. the activation is mediated by m ... | 2012 | 22202107 |
| a pneumococcal gene complex involved in resistance to extracellular oxidative stress. | streptococcus pneumoniae is a gram-positive bacterium which is a member of the normal human nasopharyngeal flora but can also cause serious disease such as pneumonia, bacteremia and meningitis. throughout its lifecycle s. pneumoniae is exposed to significant oxidative stress derived from endogenously produced hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) and from the host through the oxidative burst. how s. pneumoniae, an aerotolerant anaerobic bacterium that lacks catalase, protects itself against hydrogen pero ... | 2012 | 22215735 |
| impaired release of antimicrobial peptides into nasal fluid of hyper-ige and cvid patients. | patients with primary immunodeficiency (pid) often suffer from frequent respiratory tract infections. despite standard treatment with igg-substitution and antibiotics many patients do not improve significantly. therefore, we hypothesized that additional immune deficits may be present among these patients. | 2011 | 22216247 |
| intranasal immunization of the combined lipooligosaccharide conjugates protects mice from the challenges with three serotypes of moraxella catarrhalis. | there are no licensed vaccines available against moraxella catarrhalis, a significant human respiratory pathogen. lipooligosaccharide (los) based conjugate vaccines derived from individual serotype m. catarrhalis only showed partial protection coverage. a vaccine combining los conjugates of two or three serotypes might provide a broader protection. | 2011 | 22216312 |
| microbiology of acute and chronic maxillary sinusitis in smokers and nonsmokers. | we evaluated the microbiology of sinus aspirates of smokers and nonsmokers with acute and chronic maxillary sinusitis. | 2011 | 22224311 |
| antimicrobial activity of the investigational pleuromutilin compound bc-3781 tested against gram-positive organisms commonly associated with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections. | bc-3781 is a novel semi-synthetic pleuromutilin antimicrobial agent which is developed as an intravenous and oral therapy for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (absssi) and respiratory tract infections (rti). bc-3781 and comparator agents were tested against 1,893 clinical gram-positive organisms predominantly causing absssi by broth microdilution method. bc-3781 exhibited potent activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mic(50/90), 0.12/0.25 μg/ml), coagulas ... | 2012 | 22232289 |
| bronchoscopic findings in children with chronic wet cough. | objectives:protracted bacterial bronchitis is defined as the presence of more than 4 weeks of chronic wet cough that resolves with appropriate antibiotic therapy, in the absence of alternative diagnoses. the diagnosis of protracted bacterial bronchitis is not readily accepted within the pediatric community, however, and data on the incidence of bacterial bronchitis in children are deficient. the objective of this study was to determine the frequency of bacterial bronchitis in children with chron ... | 2012 | 22232311 |
| polymicrobial interactions: impact on pathogenesis and human disease. | summary: microorganisms coexist in a complex milieu of bacteria, fungi, archaea, and viruses on or within the human body, often as multifaceted polymicrobial biofilm communities at mucosal sites and on abiotic surfaces. only recently have we begun to appreciate the complicated biofilm phenotype during infection; moreover, even less is known about the interactions that occur between microorganisms during polymicrobial growth and their implications in human disease. therefore, this review focuses ... | 2012 | 22232376 |
| moraxella catarrhalis as a respiratory pathogen. | background: moraxella catarrhalis is gaining significance as a pathogen over few decades because of increased rate of isolation in respiratory specimens and due to emergence of multidrug resistant strains. therefore, appropriate antimicrobial agents are required for eradication and prevention of spread of the organism. material and methods: -the study was conducted over 1-year period inpatients of lower respiratory tract infections (l.r.t.i.) in p.g.i.m.s. rohtak (haryana) . assessment of clinic ... | 2011 | 22234107 |
| first comprehensive evaluation of the m.i.c. evaluator device compared to etest and clsi reference dilution methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of clinical strains of anaerobes and other fastidious bacterial species. | the new m.i.c. evaluator strip uses test methodology and the recording of results that are similar to those of etest. for this first assessment, 102 clinical strains of anaerobic bacteria from 12 genera and 155 strains from 7 genera and 8 species of fastidious bacteria were tested by m.i.c. evaluator, etest, and agar dilution or broth microdilution as a reference standard. ampicillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, imipenem, levofloxacin, metronida ... | 2012 | 22238439 |
| multilocus sequence typing of total-genome-sequenced bacteria. | accurate strain identification is essential for anyone working with bacteria. for many species, multilocus sequence typing (mlst) is considered the "gold standard" of typing, but it is traditionally performed in an expensive and time-consuming manner. as the costs of whole-genome sequencing (wgs) continue to decline, it becomes increasingly available to scientists and routine diagnostic laboratories. currently, the cost is below that of traditional mlst. the new challenges will be how to extract ... | 2012 | 22238442 |
| type iv fimbrial subunit protein apfa contributes to protection against porcine pleuropneumonia. | abstract: porcine pleuropneumonia caused by actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae accounts for serious economic losses in the pig farming industry worldwide. we examined here the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the recombinant type iv fimbrial subunit protein apfa as a single antigen vaccine against pleuropneumonia, or as a component of a multi-antigen preparation comprising five other recombinant antigens derived from key virulence factors of a. pleuropneumoniae (apxia, apxiia, apxiiia, apx ... | 2012 | 22240397 |
| bedside prediction rule for infections after pediatric cardiac surgery. | infections after pediatric cardiac surgery are a common complication, occurring in up to 30% of cases. the purpose of this study was to develop a bedside prediction rule to estimate the risk of a postoperative infection. | 2012 | 22258564 |
| complication of warfarin therapy presenting as empyema. | a number of risk indices have been formulated in an attempt to predict risk of a major hemorrhage in an individual on warfarin therapy. no single index to date is able to reliably predict this risk in an individual patient. although most warfarin related hemorrhages are gastrointestinal or intracranial in origin this case represents a particularly rare entity of a major hemorrhage presenting as an encysted empyema. to the best of our knowledge this has never before been described. | 2011 | 22263065 |
| the upec pore-forming toxin α-hemolysin triggers proteolysis of host proteins to disrupt cell adhesion, inflammatory, and survival pathways. | uropathogenic escherichia coli (upec), which are the leading cause of both acute and chronic urinary tract infections, often secrete a labile pore-forming toxin known as α-hemolysin (hlya). we show that stable insertion of hlya into epithelial cell and macrophage membranes triggers degradation of the cytoskeletal scaffolding protein paxillin and other host regulatory proteins, as well as components of the proinflammatory nfκb signaling cascade. proteolysis of these factors requires host serine p ... | 2012 | 22264513 |
| nasal colonization by four potential respiratory bacteria in healthy children attending kindergarten or elementary school in seoul, korea. | a longitudinal analysis was carried out of the colonization by four potential respiratory pathogens - streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis and staphylococcus aureus - in 165 healthy children (aged 3-7 years) attending three kindergartens and 417 healthy children (aged 7-10 years) attending an elementary school in seoul, korea, by four consecutive examinations over 1 year. the prevalence of nasal carriers of one or more of four bacteria was found to be higher in ... | 2012 | 22282460 |
| antimicrobial activity of the novel pleuromutilin antibiotic bc-3781 against organisms responsible for community-acquired respiratory tract infections (cartis). | bc-3781 is an investigational semi-synthetic pleuromutilin antibiotic, which recently finished a clinical phase 2 trial in acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections. bc-3781 binds to the 50s ribosomal subunit and cross-resistance with other antimicrobial classes is uncommon. we evaluated the activity of bc-3781 against organisms responsible for community-acquired respiratory tract infections (cartis). | 2012 | 22287234 |
| mutational analyses reveal overall topology and functional regions of nilb, a bacterial outer membrane protein required for host association in a model of animal-microbe mutualism. | the gammaproteobacterium xenorhabdus nematophila is a mutualistic symbiont that colonizes the intestine of the nematode steinernema carpocapsae. nilb (nematode intestine localization) is essential for x. nematophila colonization of nematodes and is predicted to encode an integral outer membrane beta-barrel protein, but evidence supporting this prediction has not been reported. the function of nilb is not known, but when expressed with two other factors encoded by nila and nilc, it confers upon n ... | 2012 | 22287518 |