Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| [seasonal trends of respiratory syncytial virus infections on réunion island gathering data among hospitalized children]. | little is known about the epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in tropical countries and in particular in tropical islands of the indian ocean. our study reviewed all cases of rsv infections diagnosed among hospitalized children in the hospital de saint pierre de la réunion, from january 1993 to december 1999. 849 cases were identified of which 67.7% were infants under 6 months old. most cases occurred from december to may (89% of all cases), showing a significant correla ... | 2001 | 11346979 |
| role of cytomegalovirus infection in the incidence of viral acute respiratory infections in children attending day-care centers. | in a prospective study carried out in lyon, france, the association between the excretion of cytomegalovirus (cmv) and the increasing frequency and severity of viral respiratory infections in children attending day-care centers was evaluated. urine samples were collected in november 1992 (s1) and 4 months later in february 1993 (s4). a total of 246 children aged 6-12 months attending 29 day-care centers from 1 november to 28 february were screened for the excretion of cmv in urine. the diagnosis ... | 2001 | 11347665 |
| evaluation of an acute point-of-care system screening for respiratory syncytial virus infection. | there continues to be a significant risk of children contracting hospital-acquired infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). in order to provide 24 h screening, we examined a point-of-care system (near-patient testing) for use by non-laboratory healthcare workers (hcws) in a short stay unit adjoining the accident and emergency department of a large paediatric hospital. three studies were conducted over consecutive winter epidemics, in which 2193 nasopharyngeal aspirates were obtain ... | 2001 | 11358472 |
| prevalence of parainfluenza and influenza viruses amongst children with upper respiratory tract infection. | the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of parainfluenza and influenza causing upper respiratory tract infections and to evaluate shell vial culture assay and direct immunofluorescence assay. | 2000 | 11360062 |
| multicentered study of viral acute lower respiratory infections in children from four cities of argentina, 1993-1994. | this study describes the first multicentered study of acute lower respiratory infection viral etiology in young children from four different geographical areas of argentina. a total of 1,278 children under 5 years of age, hospitalized in primary care centers from buenos aires, córdoba, santa fé and mar del plata cities during a 2-year period were studied (1993-1994). nasopharyngeal aspirates were investigated for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), adenovirus, parainfluenza, and influenza a and b ... | 2001 | 11360249 |
| [clinical and experimental studies in treating infantile acute respiratory tract infection with feiyan chuansou oral liquid]. | to study the therapeutical mechanism of feiyan chuansou oral liquid (fcol) in treating infantile acute respiratory trct infection. | 1998 | 11367653 |
| otitis media: a preventable disease? proceedings of an international symposium organized by the marcel mérieux foundation, veyrier-du-lac, france, february 13 to 16, 2000. | 2001 | 11368103 | |
| molecular detection of respiratory syncytial virus in postmortem lung tissue samples from mexican children deceased with pneumonia. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major viral cause of severe respiratory infections in children younger than 2 years of age. nevertheless there are not enough epidemiologic data about the role of rsv as a cause of infantile mortality from pneumonia, mainly in young children from developing countries aim. to determine the frequency of rsv infection in lung tissue samples from mexican children deceased with pneumonia, by reverse transcription (rt) and pcr. | 2001 | 11368106 |
| furin cleavage of the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein is not a requirement for its transport to the surface of virus-infected cells. | the intracellular cleavage of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion (f) protein by furin was examined. in rsv-infected lovo cells, which express an inactive form of furin, and in rsv-infected vero cells treated with the furin inhibitor decanoyl-arg-val-lys-arg-chloromethyl ketone (dec-rvkr-cmk), the f protein was expressed as a non-cleaved 73 kda species. in both cases the f protein was initially expressed as an endoglycosidase h (endo h)-sensitive precursor (f0(ehs)) which was modified appro ... | 2001 | 11369882 |
| cytokines and chemokines in respiratory secretion and severity of disease in infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. | little is known about inflammatory mediators (im); like cytokines, chemokines and receptors; in respiratory secretion as possible indicators of the severity of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease. nor have systematic studies been published on the ratios between im as such indicators. | 2001 | 11378497 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: update on infection, treatment, and prevention. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, which primarily manifests as bronchiolitis or pneumonia, is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children. it is associated with more than 100,000 pediatric hospitalizations each year in the united states. infants who were premature; have chronic lung disease, congenital heart disease, or immunodeficiency disorders; or have underlying metabolic or neuromuscular disorders are at increased risk for especially sever ... | 2001 | 11384554 |
| a newly discovered human pneumovirus isolated from young children with respiratory tract disease. | from 28 young children in the netherlands, we isolated a paramyxovirus that was identified as a tentative new member of the metapneumovirus genus based on virological data, sequence homology and gene constellation. previously, avian pneumovirus was the sole member of this recently assigned genus, hence the provisional name for the newly discovered virus: human metapneumovirus. the clinical symptoms of the children from whom the virus was isolated were similar to those caused by human respiratory ... | 2001 | 11385510 |
| handling the cotton rat for research. | first used as an animal model of poliomyelitis in the late 1940s, the cotton rat is currently used in biomedical research for studies of human respiratory syncytial virus and filariasis. the author provides useful information relevant to the care of these research animals, including husbandry considerations, proper handling, and common laboratory procedures. | 2001 | 11385734 |
| bronchiolitis in infants. | bronchiolitis is a common cause of wheezing among infants. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common infectious agent to cause bronchiolitis, and rsv infection accounts for more than 125,000 hospitalizations per year in the united states. beyond supportive measures, the care of infants with bronchiolitis remains controversial. practitioners continue to treat infants with a variety of pharmacologic agents, despite limited evidence of their efficacy. investigators continue to search for ... | 2001 | 11389361 |
| eosinophil cationic protein in infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: predictive value for subsequent development of persistent wheezing. | infants with acute bronchiolitis during the first months of life are at increased risk of developing persistent wheezing and bronchial asthma later in life. the study of eosinophil cationic protein (ecp) suggests that eosinophil-related inflammatory mechanisms may play a role in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis. the aim of our study was to verify whether serum ecp (s-ecp) measurements are useful in predicting the development of persistent wheezing in children affected by rsv bronc ... | 2001 | 11389573 |
| the association between respiratory viruses and symptoms in 2-week-old infants at high risk for asthma and allergy. | the role of viral respiratory tract infections in the onset of childhood asthma and allergy is controversial, partly because of limited understanding about postnatal viral exposures. we investigated the prevalence of 3 common respiratory viruses and associated respiratory symptoms in 2-week-old infants at high risk for having asthma and allergy. | 2001 | 11391325 |
| antiviral activity of an extract derived from roots of eleutherococcus senticosus. | a liquid extract from eleutherococcus senticosus roots inhibited the productive replication of human rhinovirus (hrv), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza a virus in cell cultures infected with these viruses, all of which belong to the rna type viruses. analysis of virus production after treatment of the infected cells using plaque-reduction assays showed a strong antiviral activity of the eleutherococcus extract. in contrast, no effect was detected using the same protocol for cells ... | 2001 | 11397509 |
| anti-ige efficacy in murine asthma models is dependent on the method of allergen sensitization. | murine models used to delineate mechanisms and key mediators of asthma have yielded conflicting results and suggest that the dominant mechanism and mediators required for disease induction differ depending on the model and method of allergen sensitization used. | 2001 | 11398080 |
| clinical study of the disease of calves associated with mycoplasma bovis infection. | clinical, bacteriological and serological examination of 35 calves from the age of 5 to 26 days was performed in a holstein-friesian dairy herd endemically infected with mycoplasma bovis. m. bovis was isolated from 48.6% of nasal swabs taken from the calves at the age of 5 days, and from 91.4% of the same calves at the age of 26 days, indicating the gradual spread of infection. the isolation rate of pasteurella multocida did not change much, and varied from 28.6 to 25.7%. no p. haemolytica could ... | 2000 | 11402656 |
| reduced expression of surface glycoproteins in mouse fibroblasts persistently infected with human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv). | bch4 cells, persistently infected with human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), were obtained by fernie et al. [12] after infection of a balb/c mouse embryo cell line with the long strain of hrsv. to understand the basis of hrsv persistence, the expression of hrsv rnas and proteins was evaluated in bch4 cells and infected parental balb/c and fully permissive hep-2 cells. production of viral mrnas was severely impaired in bch4 cells. in addition, the expression level of the surface glycoproteins ... | 2001 | 11402856 |
| respiratory tract infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus in children. diagnosis and treatment. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common viral cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infancy and young children. no effective treatment for rsv lower respiratory tract infection (rsv-lrti) exists. ribavirine initially was reported to be an effective anti-viral drug for rsv-lrti. however, subsequently performed trials could not reproduce these positive results and based on the current available evidence there is no place of ribavirin in the routine treatment of rsv-lrti. the u ... | 2001 | 11404731 |
| nonhuman primates: a critical role in current disease research. | this review article emphasizes the critical role of nonhuman primates (nhps) in biomedical research. it focuses on the most recent contributions that nhps have made to the understanding, treatment, and prevention of important infectious diseases (e.g., acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, hepatitis, malaria) and chronic degenerative disorders of the central nervous system (e.g., parkinson's and alzheimer's diseases). the close phylogenetic relation of nhps to humans not only opens avenues for tes ... | 2001 | 11406709 |
| [relationship between respiratory syncytial virus subtype and clinical severity in bronchiolitis]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most frequently implicated agent in bronchiolitis. the virus presents two antigenic subtypes (a and b). the results of studies on the relationship between viral subtype and clinical severity are conflicting. | 2001 | 11412403 |
| fidelity of leader and trailer sequence usage by the respiratory syncytial virus and avian pneumovirus replication complexes. | the specificity of usage of promoters for replication and transcription by the pneumoviruses human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and avian pneumovirus (apv) was studied using minigenomes containing a reporter gene. when infectious hrsv or apv was used as helper virus, replication could occur only if both the leader and trailer regions (containing the replicative and transcriptional promoters) were derived from the helper virus. in contrast, when the hrsv replication complex was supplied fro ... | 2001 | 11413292 |
| multiple cis regulatory elements control rantes promoter activity in alveolar epithelial cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) produces intense pulmonary inflammation, in part through its ability to induce chemokine synthesis in infected airway epithelial cells. rantes (regulated upon activation, normally t-cell expressed and presumably secreted) is a cc chemokine which recruits and activates monocytes, lymphocytes, and eosinophils, all cell types present in the lung inflammatory infiltrate induced by rsv infection. in this study, we analyzed the mechanism of rsv-induced rantes promoter ... | 2001 | 11413310 |
| respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin: decisions and costs. | a decision analysis was used to evaluate the economic effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin (rsvig) prophylaxis on selected pediatric populations at risk for developing rsv bronchiolitis or all respiratory illness-related hospitalizations. we compared costs, outcomes, and cost-effectiveness of administering rsvig to no treatment in different pediatric populations, including those at risk of developing rsv-bronchiolitis and those at risk of developing any respiratory illnes ... | 2001 | 11416872 |
| regional impact of prophylaxis with the monoclonal antibody palivizumab on hospitalisations for respiratory syncytial virus in infants. | palivizumab is approved in switzerland for prevention of hospitalisation for rsv infection in children with one of the following risk factors: (1) history of prematurity < or = 35 weeks and age < or = 6 months or (2) chronic lung disease and age < or = 1 year. regional data on the expected effectiveness of this monoclonal antibody are not available. | 2001 | 11416887 |
| efficacy of an inactivated respiratory syncytial virus vaccine in calves. | to determine whether an inactivated bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) vaccine would protect calves from infection with virulent brsv. | 2001 | 11417745 |
| antiviral drugs: current state of the art. | the chemotherapy of virus infections has definitely come of age. there are now 15 antiviral agents that have been formally licensed for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infections (zidovudine, didanosine, zalcitabine, stavudine, lamivudine, abacavir, nevirapine, delavirdine, efavirenz, saquinavir, ritonavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir, lopinavir) and several others, such as tenofovir disoproxil, emtricitabine, capravirine, emivirine, t-20 (pentafuside) and amd3100 (bicyclam) ... | 2001 | 11418355 |
| r-mix cells are faster, at least as sensitive and marginally more costly than conventional cell lines for the detection of respiratory viruses. | to evaluate shell vials of r-mix, a combination of mink lung cells and human adenocarcinoma cells (strains mv1lu and a549, respectively, diagnostic hybrids, athens, oh) to detect respiratory viruses from prospective clinical respiratory specimens and frozen stocks. | 2001 | 11418357 |
| proteolytic activation of respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein. cleavage at two furin consensus sequences. | the f (fusion) protein of the respiratory syncytial viruses is synthesized as an inactive precursor f(0) that is proteolytically processed at the multibasic sequence kkrkrr(136) into the subunits f(1) and f(2) by the cellular protease furin. this maturation process is essential for the f protein to gain fusion competence. we observed that proteolytic cleavage additionally occurs at another basic motif, rarr(109), that also meets the requirements for furin recognition. cleavage at both sites lead ... | 2001 | 11418598 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus. | 2001 | 11419430 | |
| safety and tolerance of palivizumab administration in a large northern hemisphere trial. northern hemisphere expanded access study group. | an expanded access study was conducted to collect additional safety data on palivizumab. preterm infants with or without bronchopulmonary dysplasia received palivizumab every 30 days during the respiratory syncytial virus season. adverse events were low (6.9%) in the 565 subjects. serious adverse events included hospitalization and 1 case of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis not requiring hospitalization. this study reaffirms the safety and tolerability of palivizumab. | 2001 | 11419509 |
| genetic variability of respiratory syncytial virus subgroup a strain in 15 successive epidemics in one city. | the genetic variability of 125 respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) subgroup a isolates over 15 successive epidemics from 1980 to 1995 in an urban population of japan was determined. allocation of isolates into lineages was archived by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction amplification of selected regions of the nucleoprotein (np) and attachment (g) protein gene followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis. three and seven distinct restriction patterns of the np a ... | 2001 | 11424129 |
| nutrient intake of infants hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infections. | 2001 | 11424550 | |
| [use of palivizumab in the prevention of syncytial virus respiratory infection]. | monthly intramuscular palivizumab (synagis, medimmune, inc.) is effective in reducing the incidence of rsv-attributable hospitalization by 55% if compared with placebo and seems to be well tolerated. | 2000 | 11424809 |
| bbg2na an rsv subunit vaccine candidate intramuscularly injected to human confers protection against viral challenge after nasal immunization in mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major respiratory pathogen responsible for severe pulmonary disease. we have developed a parenterally administered vaccine, bbg2na, which is currently in a phase iii clinical trial. bbg2na comprises residues 130--230 of rsv-a g protein (g2na) fused to the bb carrier protein. in this study, we show that bbg2na can be delivered by the nasal route and generates both mucosal and systemic antibody responses when co-administered with cholera toxin b or a newly de ... | 2001 | 11427280 |
| unusual haplotypic structure of il8, a susceptibility locus for a common respiratory virus. | interleukin-8 (il8) is believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis, a common viral disease of infancy, and a recent u.k. family study identified an association between this disease and the il8-251a allele. in the present study we report data, from a different set of families, which replicate this finding; combined analysis of 194 nuclear families through use of the transmission/disequilibrium test gives p = .001. to explore the underlying genetic cause, we identified nine single ... | 2001 | 11431705 |
| [viral infection and asthma: immunologic mechanisms]. | the role of viral respiratory infections in lactating infants and other children continues to generate controversy. the debate concerns the difference, or the apparent differences, in the natural history of wheezing. viral infections frequently provoke wheezing episodes in non-asthmatic small children but in the majority of these the wheezing disappears without the child subsequently developing asthma. in some cases, however, the wheezing persists and in others the child has asthma. both the rol ... | 2001 | 11434887 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus infection and asthma]. | presentation of bronchial asthma, in the years following the first outbreak of bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was first described by mcintosh, who postulated a common pathogenesis that was confirmed by the greater frequency (50%) of wheezing bronchiolitis and asthma during the more than 5 year follow up of these children. more recently, hibbert and schroechkenstein have again confirmed this phenomenon. these authors report that the percentage of asthma was increased by up ... | 2001 | 11434889 |
| functional analysis of recombinant respiratory syncytial virus deletion mutants lacking the small hydrophobic and/or attachment glycoprotein gene. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) produces three envelope glycoproteins, the attachment glycoprotein (g), the fusion (f) protein, and the small hydrophobic (sh) protein. it had been assumed, by analogy with other paramyxoviruses, that the g and f proteins would be required for the first two steps of viral entry, attachment and fusion. however, following repeated passage in cell culture, a viable mutant rsv that lacked both the g and sh genes was isolated (r. a. karron, d. a. buonagurio, a. f. ge ... | 2001 | 11435561 |
| deletion and substitution analysis defines regions and residues within the phosphoprotein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus that affect transcription, rna replication, and interaction with the nucleoprotein. | the phosphoprotein (p) of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is a multifunctional protein that plays a central role in transcription and replication of the viral genomic rna. to investigate the domains and specific residues involved in different activities of the p protein, we generated a total of 22 deletion and 17 point mutants of the p protein. these mutants were characterized using an intracellular brsv-cat minigenome replication system for the ability to (1) direct minigenome transcr ... | 2001 | 11437660 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in the late bone marrow transplant period: report of three cases and review. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is an important cause of respiratory mortality in immunosuppressed patients, including bone marrow transplant (bmt) recipients. the presence of lower respiratory tract infection and infection in the pre-engraftment phase of bmt is believed to confer a poor prognosis. three patients who underwent allogeneic bmt at our institution developed rsv pneumonia over 1 year post bmt, with the underlying disease in remission. all three were hypoxic with extensive ... | 2001 | 11438823 |
| the use of palivizumab monoclonal antibody to control an outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus infection in a special care baby unit. | an outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection affected seven premature infants in a special care baby unit during november and december 1999. conventional infection control measures (cohorting infected babies, strict reinforcement of the use of gloves and aprons, emphasis on hand disinfection) failed to prevent spread. palivizumab, a respiratory syncytial virus monoclonal antibody, was given to eight high-risk preterm infants. there were no further cases of rsv in the unit and none ... | 2001 | 11439005 |
| management of infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus. | this is a consensus document compiled by the medical products agency in sweden and the swedish reference group for antiviral therapy on management of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections. prophylaxis against rsv infections using palivizumab, a commercially available humanized monoclonal igg1 antibody preparation, is recommended for children <2 y of age with chronic respiratory diseases requiring continuous treatment (oxygen and/or inhalations and/or steroids) during the previous 6 months ... | 2001 | 11440215 |
| respiratory syncytial virus predisposes mice to augmented allergic airway responses via il-13-mediated mechanisms. | the development of severe childhood asthma may be influenced by several factors including environmental and infectious stimuli. the causal relationship between infectious viral responses, such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and severe asthma during early childhood is unclear. in these studies, the ability for an initial rsv infection to exacerbate and promote a more severe asthmatic-type response was investigated by combining established murine models of disease. we examined the ability o ... | 2001 | 11441116 |
| phase 1 evaluation of the respiratory syncytial virus-specific monoclonal antibody palivizumab in recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants. | intravenous palivizumab (15 mg/kg) was investigated in 2 phase 1 studies among recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants (hscts). study 1 included 6 hsct patients without active respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. study 2 included 15 hsct patients with rsv upper respiratory tract infection (urti; n=3) or rsv interstitial pneumonia (ip; n=12), all of whom also received aerosolized ribavirin. peak serum concentrations of palivizumab in the 2 studies were similar. the mean serum ha ... | 2001 | 11443562 |
| local interferon-gamma levels during respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection are associated with disease severity. | to investigate the role of cell-mediated immunity during respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, interferon (ifn)-gamma and interleukin (il)-10 levels in nasopharyngeal secretions were measured in infants with lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) caused by rsv. a novel technique was used to measure in vivo cytokine levels in nasopharyngeal aspirates (npas). cytokine levels in the npas of 17 mechanically ventilated infants and 43 nonventilated hospitalized infants were compared. as expec ... | 2001 | 11443563 |
| lower respiratory tract infections in inuit infants on baffin island. | it has long been suspected that canadian inuit children suffer from frequent severe lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis), but the causes and risk factors have not been documented. this study assessed the infectious causes and other epidemiologic factors that may contribute to the severity of lrti in young inuit children on baffin island. | 2001 | 11450280 |
| rfi-641 inhibits entry of respiratory syncytial virus via interactions with fusion protein. | rfi-641, a small dendrimer-like compound, is a potent and selective inhibitor of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), which is currently a clinical candidate for the treatment of upper and lower respiratory tract infections caused by rsv. rfi-641 inhibits rsv growth with an ic(50) value of 50 nm and prevents syncytia formation in tissue culture. rsv contains of three surface glycoproteins, a small hydrophobic (sh) protein of unknown function, and attachment (g) and fusion (f) proteins that enable ... | 2001 | 11451666 |
| efficacy of recombinant human deoxyribonuclease i in the hospital management of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | to evaluate the effect of recombinant human deoxyribonuclease i (rhdnase) in shortening the length of the hospitalization and improving the chest radiographs (cxrs) in hospitalized infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection as a result of its mucolytic properties. | 2001 | 11451839 |
| clinical patterns and seasonal trends in respiratory syncytial virus hospitalizations in são paulo, brazil. | the respiratory viruses are recognized as the most frequent lower respiratory tract pathogens for infants and young children in developed countries but less is known for developing populations. the authors conducted a prospective study to evaluate the occurrence, clinical patterns, and seasonal trends of viral infections among hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract disease (group a). the presence of respiratory viruses in children's nasopharyngeal was assessed at admission in a pedia ... | 2001 | 11452319 |
| bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) pneumonia in beef calf herds despite vaccination. | the present report describes the clinical, pathological, serological and virological findings in calves from 2 larger danish beef herds experiencing outbreaks of pneumonia. the calves had been vaccinated with an inactivated bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) vaccine 2 months prior to the outbreak. the clinical signs comprised nasal discharge, pyrexia, cough and increased respiratory rates. a total of 28 calves died in the 2 herds. the laboratory investigations revealed that brsv was invol ... | 2001 | 11455891 |
| a novel bipolar mode of attachment to aluminium-containing adjuvants by bbg2na, a recombinant subunit hrsv vaccine. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a major pathogen responsible for bronchiolitis and severe pulmonary disease in very young children, immunodeficient patients and the elderly. bbg2na, a recombinant chimeric protein produced in escherichia coli, is a promising subunit vaccine candidate against this respiratory pathogen, composed of g2na, the central domain of rsv g glycoprotein, and bb, an albumin binding domain of streptococcal protein g. bbg2na has a basic isoelectric point (pi 9.3) a ... | 2001 | 11457539 |
| lipophilic quaternary ammonium salt acts as a mucosal adjuvant when co-administered by the nasal route with vaccine antigens. | nasal administration of vaccines is an attractive approach which offers several significant advantages over traditional intramuscular vaccine delivery. these advantages include easier administration and induction of immune responses in the mucosal secretions of the body. in this study we describe a new potent nasal adjuvant, dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (dda), that induces both mucosal and systemic immune responses when co-administered with diphtheria toxoid (dt), tetanus toxoid (tt) and ... | 2001 | 11457550 |
| asthma and early childhood infectious disease. infection is trigger rather than cause. | 2001 | 11463693 | |
| benign outcome of rsv infection in children with cancer. | high case-fatality rates have been reported among adults who develop respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection while being treated for oncologic diseases, particularly after bone marrow transplantation. previous reports of rsv infection among children with primary and acquired immunodeficiencies describe increased morbidity compared with that seen in immunocompetent children, but there have been few reports describing the outcome of rsv infection specifically among pediatric oncology patients. | 2001 | 11466719 |
| economic evaluation of prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus infection in at-risk infants. | 2001 | 11468056 | |
| the influence of prematurity and low birthweight on transplacental antibody transfer in a rural west african population. | to determine the influence of prematurity and low birthweight (lbw) on transplacental antibody transfer. | 2001 | 11469946 |
| [sequence analysis of phosphoprotein genes of respiratory syncytial virus field strains isolated in china]. | to get information about phosphoprotein (p) genes of rsv field strains isolated in china. | 2000 | 11471029 |
| macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (not t helper type 2 cytokines) is associated with severe forms of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | it has been suggested that the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is related to the development of t helper (th) type 2 cytokine responses. the presence of th1 and th2 cytokines and the chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein (mip)-1alpha and monocyte chemotactic protein (mcp)-1 were assessed by elisa in nasopharyngeal secretions of infants with rsv infection. infants with mild bronchiolitis had increased th1 cytokines and reduced th2 cytokines, compared with infants ... | 2001 | 11471095 |
| [viral infection of the lower respiratory tract in hospitalized infants: etiology, clinical features and risk factors]. | the aim of this study was to assess the clinical and virological characteristics of lower respiratory tract (lrt) infection in hospitalized infants in spain and to identify clinical, radiological or laboratory parameters that could, on admission, be associated with a more severe clinical course. | 2001 | 11472660 |
| comparison of a multiplex reverse transcription-pcr-enzyme hybridization assay with conventional viral culture and immunofluorescence techniques for the detection of seven viral respiratory pathogens. | a multiplex reverse transcription-pcr-enzyme hybridization assay (rt-pcr-eha; hexaplex; prodesse inc., waukesha, wis.) was used for the simultaneous detection of human parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, and 3, influenza virus types a and b, and respiratory syncytial virus types a and b. one hundred forty-three respiratory specimens from 126 patients were analyzed by rt-pcr-eha, and the results were compared to those obtained by conventional viral culture and immunofluorescence (if) methods. rt-pcr- ... | 2001 | 11473991 |
| palivizumab in prevention of bronchiolitis: new preparation. moderate efficacy in some infants. | (1) rsv infection, the main cause of bronchiolitis, can necessitate hospitalisation, especially of infants at risk, i.e. those with a history of prematurity or bronchodysplasia. no drug prevention has been available. (2) palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), is now marketed for preventing respiratory tract infection by rsv in certain infants. (3) the evaluation dossier barely answers the questions raised by the use of this drug. (4) the results o ... | 2000 | 11475494 |
| rsv infection and bronchiolitis: who qualifies for prevention? | (1) approximately 80% of cases of bronchiolitis appear to be due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). (2) overall, about 1% of cases of bronchiolitis lead to hospitalisation. this rises to about 25% in children with a history of severe prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia or congenital heart disease. | 2000 | 11475495 |
| cx3c chemokine mimicry by respiratory syncytial virus g glycoprotein. | chemokines are chemoattractant proteins that are divided into subfamilies based upon cysteine signature motifs termed c, cc, cxc and cx3c. chemokines have roles in immunity and inflammation that affect cell trafficking and activation of t cells as well as cells of the innate immune system. we report here cx3c chemokine mimicry for the g glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and show binding to cx3cr1--the specific receptor for the cx3c chemokine fractalkine--and induction of leukocyt ... | 2001 | 11477410 |
| mammalian cell production of a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) candidate vaccine recovered using a product-specific affinity column. | the recombinant production of a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) candidate vaccine bbg2na in baby hamster kidney cells (bhk-21 cells) was investigated. bbg2na consists of a serum-albumin-binding region (bb) fused to a 101-amino-acid fragment of the rsv g-protein. semliki forest virus-based expression vectors encoding both intracellular and secreted forms of bbg2na were constructed and found to be functional. affinity recovery of bbg2na employing human serum albumin columns was found to be ineff ... | 2001 | 11483151 |
| low prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae and mycoplasma pneumoniae among patients with symptoms of respiratory tract infections in dutch general practices. | acute respiratory disease is one of the most common reasons to consult a general practitioner. a substantial part of these diseases cannot be explained by an infection with a virus or a common pathogenic bacterium. to study this diagnostic deficit, the prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae and mycoplasma pneumoniae infections was determined in two groups of patients consulting a general practitioner. dna of c. pneumoniae and m. pneumoniae was detected by a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in nose/th ... | 2000 | 11484797 |
| role of interleukin-12 and stat-4 in the regulation of airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a respiratory pathogen that can cause significant morbidity in infants and young children. interestingly, the majority of children who acquire a rsv infection do not exhibit severe symptoms. development of a th1 response has been associated with resolution of symptoms in viral infections and may explain mild rsv illness. the current study investigated the cytokine response observed in mild disease in c57bl/6 mice that had low airway resistance and mucus produ ... | 2001 | 11485921 |
| antiviral activity and structural characteristics of the nonglycosylated central subdomain of human respiratory syncytial virus attachment (g) glycoprotein. | segments of the cystine noose-containing nonglycosylated central subdomain, residues 149-197, of the attachment (g) glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) have been assessed for impact on the cytopathic effect (cpe) of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). nalpha-acetyl residues 149-197-amide (g149-197), g149-189, and g149-177 of the a2 strain of hrsv protected 50% of human epithelial hep-2 cells from the cpe of the a2 strain at concentrations (ic(50)) between 5 and 80 microm. cys ... | 2001 | 11487583 |
| evaluation of the prodesse hexaplex multiplex pcr assay for direct detection of seven respiratory viruses in clinical specimens. | we evaluated the hexaplex assay (prodesse, waukesha, wi) for the detection of 7 respiratory viruses (influenza a and b, parainfluenza 1-3, and respiratory syncytial virus [rsv] a and b). the hexaplex assay was performed on 300 respiratory samples during the 1999-2000 respiratory virus season. results of this assay were compared with shell vial cell culture and/or direct fluorescent antibody stain. the overall sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 96.6% and 94.1%, respectively. the respec ... | 2001 | 11488068 |
| community respiratory virus infections following lung transplantation. | respiratory infections remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality after lung transplantation. in addition to cytomegalovirus, the community respiratory viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza virus (piv), influenza virus, and adenovirus, are important causes of infection in transplant recipients, often involve the lower respiratory tract, and may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. in this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge ... | 2001 | 11493396 |
| etiology of childhood community acquired pneumonia and its implications for vaccination. | pneumonia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among children throughout the world. vaccines are available for some organisms, but they are underutilized and/or still in development. to evaluate the potential impact of vaccines, we review studies in which the etiology of childhood community-acquired pneumonia was recorded. in north america and europe (9 studies), the etiology of pneumonia was established in 62% of studied children (range 43%-88%) by use of noninvasive specific method ... | 2001 | 11493414 |
| cleavage of the human respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein at two distinct sites is required for activation of membrane fusion. | preparations of purified full-length fusion (f) protein of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) expressed in recombinant vaccinia-f infected cells, or of an anchorless mutant (f(tm(-))) lacking the c-terminal 50 amino acids secreted from vaccinia-f(tm(-))-infected cells contain a minor polypeptide that is an intermediate product of proteolytic processing of the f protein precursor f0. n-terminal sequencing of the intermediate demonstrated that it is generated by cleavage at a furin-motif, re ... | 2001 | 11493675 |
| the influence of placental malaria infection and maternal hypergammaglobulinemia on transplacental transfer of antibodies and igg subclasses in a rural west african population. | two hundred thirteen mother-baby pairs in the gambia were studied to determine the influence of placental malaria infection and maternal hypergammaglobulinemia on transplacental antibody transfer. antibody transfer for herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) was significantly reduced by placental malaria infection by 69%, 58%, and 55%, respectively. maternal hypergammaglobulinemia was associated with a significant reduction in antibody ... | 2001 | 11494168 |
| [study on typing of respiratory syncytial viruses]. | to determine the epidemiologic patterns of subgroups a and b and genotypes of respiratory syncytial viruses (rsv) during two uncontinuously epidemic years from 1990 to 1991 and 1997 to 1998 in beijing. | 2000 | 11498697 |
| [establishment and application of z-hl16c cell line]. | human embryonic lung fibroblasts at 8th passage was presented to us by the institute of virology. at its 16th passage,under the culture condition of our laboratory, the lung fibroblasts changed into epithelial like cells. we attempted to establish a cell line and applied it for virus isolation. | 2000 | 11503031 |
| antibiotic use in pediatric intensive care patients with lower respiratory tract infection due to respiratory syncytial virus. | 2001 | 11511968 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus infections in previously healthy working adults. | during 1975-1995, a total of 2960 healthy adults, 18-60 years of age, were prospectively evaluated for respiratory virus infections. of these subjects, 211 (7%) acquired respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. the infections were symptomatic in 84% of subjects, involved only the upper respiratory tract in 74%, and included lower respiratory tract symptoms in 26%. overall, 40% of the subjects were febrile. lower respiratory tract signs developed in 26%. rsv illnesses were more prolonged than ... | 2001 | 11512084 |
| (-)-terpestacin and l-tenuazonic acid, inducers of pigment and aerial mycelium formation by fusarium culmorum jp 15. | surface cultures of fusarium culmorum jp15 were found to respond to extracts of other fungi by enhanced production of orange-red fusarubin pigments and formation of aerial mycelium. two inducers from strain ulocladium sp. hki 0226, the new (-)-terpestacin (1) and l-tenuazonic acid (2), were isolated. 1 inhibited syncytium formation by cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | 2001 | 11512450 |
| construction and characterization of recombinant vaccinia viruses co-expressing a respiratory syncytial virus protein and a cytokine. | recombinant vaccinia viruses are well-characterized tools that can be used to define novel approaches to vaccine formulation and delivery. while vector co-expression of immune mediators has enormous potential for optimizing the composition of vaccine-induced immune responses, the impact on antigen expression and vector antigenicity must also be considered. co-expression of il-4 increased vaccinia virus vector titres, while ifn-gamma co-expression reduced vaccinia virus replication in balb/c mice ... | 2001 | 11514719 |
| genetic diversity and molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus over four consecutive seasons in south africa: identification of new subgroup a and b genotypes. | the molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was studied over four consecutive seasons (1997-2000) in a single tertiary hospital in south africa: 225 isolates were subgrouped by rt-pcr and the resulting products sequenced. subgroup a predominated in two seasons, while a and b co-circulated approximately equally in the other seasons. the nucleotide sequences of the c-terminal of the g-protein were compared to sequences representative of previously defined rsv genotypes. south a ... | 2001 | 11514720 |
| prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections. | respiratory syncytial virus is the most important cause of viral lower respiratory illness in infants and children worldwide. by the age of 2 years, nearly every child has become infected with respiratory syncytial virus and re-infections are common throughout life. most infections are mild and can be managed at home, but this virus causes serious diseases in preterm children, especially those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. respiratory syncytial virus has also been recognized as an important p ... | 2001 | 11514908 |
| immunostimulating complexes (iscoms) for nasal vaccination. | the immunostimulating complex (iscom) is documented as a strong adjuvant and delivery system for parenteral immunization. its effectiveness for mucosal immunization has also been proven with various incorporated antigens. lövgren et al. were the first to demonstrate the capacity of influenza virus iscoms to induce mucosal immune response and protection after one comparatively low nasal dose. further studies show that similar to cholera toxin (ct) and escherichia coli heat-labile toxin (lt), isco ... | 2001 | 11516786 |
| antiviral therapy: respiratory infections, chronic hepatitis. | this review focuses on the activity, clinical pharmacology, and clinical indications of antiviral agents used in the management of influenza, respiratory syncytial virus infections, and chronic hepatitis b and c. two neuraminidase inhibitors, a new class of antiviral agents, were recently approved for the treatment of influenza a and b in children. | 2001 | 11519287 |
| modeling epidemics caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in children. in this paper we use models of rsv transmission to interpret the pattern of seasonal epidemics of rsv disease observed in different countries, and to estimate epidemic and eradication thresholds for rsv infection. we compare the standard sirs model with a more realistic model of rsv transmission in which individuals acquire immunity gradually after repeated exposure to infection. th ... | 2001 | 11520501 |
| activated, cytotoxic cd8(+) t lymphocytes contribute to the pathology of asthma death. | this study investigates the presence of cd8(+) t lymphocytes and their possible association with viral infection in bronchi of victims of fatal asthma. postmortem samples from the peribronchial region of the lung were obtained from seven patients who died an asthma death (ad), seven asthmatic patients who died of unrelated causes (auc), and seven postmortem cases with no history of lung disease (control subjects). using immunohistochemical techniques, the cd8(+) cytotoxic t-cell population in pe ... | 2001 | 11520715 |
| [on changes in the cardiovascular system of patients with respiratory syncytial infection]. | cardiovascular status was evaluated in 36 adult patients with respiratory syncytial infection, part of these coronary patients and the other part not. respiratory syncytial infection had a negative impact on the cardiovascular system, particularly so in coronary patients, exacerbating the course of coronary disease and causing focal changes in the myocardium. | 2001 | 11521375 |
| reliable detection of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children for adequate hospital infection control management. | by using a rapid test for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) detection (abbott testpack rsv), a number of patients were observed, showing repeatedly positive results over a period of up to 10 weeks. a prospective study was initiated to compare the rapid test with an antigen capture enzyme immunoassay (eia) and a nested reverse transcriptase pcr (rt-pcr) protocol for detection of rsv serotypes a and b. only respiratory samples from children exhibiting the prolonged presence of rsv (> or =5 days) a ... | 2001 | 11526141 |
| 5'-nor carbocyclic 5'-deoxy-5'-(isobutylthio)adenosine and a 2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydro derivative. | the inhibition of biochemical processes requiring s-adenosylmethionine as a co-factor have led to many nucleoside-based medicinal agents. included in this group are 5'-deoxy-5'-(isobutylthio)adenosine (siba), a nucleoside with antiparasitic, antiviral and antiproliferative effects, and 5'-noraristeromycin, a carbocyclic-derived nucleoside with potent antiviral properties. this report brings together the structural components of these two compounds by describing both enantiomers of carbocyclic 5- ... | 2001 | 11527043 |
| eosinophil counts and urinary eosinophil protein x in children hospitalized for wheezing during the first year of life: prediction of recurrent wheezing. | early identification of wheezing children with an increased risk of recurrent wheezing or subsequent asthma is important. the aim of the study was to determine the role of markers of eosinophil activation, along with other parameters, in the prediction of recurrent wheezing and allergic sensitization in children with early and severe wheezing. we examined 105 children without atopic dermatitis, hospitalized for wheezing during the first year of life. at a 20-mo follow-up, 101 of the children wer ... | 2001 | 11529528 |
| mechanism of selective inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus by a benzodithiin compound (rd3-0028). | rd3-0028, a compound with a benzodithiin structure, was found to be a potent inhibitor of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) replication. its action is specific; no activity is seen against influenza a virus, measles virus, herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2, or human cytomegalovirus. a time-dependent drug addition experiment indicated that the antiviral activity occurs in the late stage of the rsv replication cycle, since this compound completely inhibited syncytium formation even when added up to ... | 2001 | 11529559 |
| expression of respiratory syncytial virus-induced chemokine gene networks in lower airway epithelial cells revealed by cdna microarrays. | the paramyxovirus respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the primary etiologic agent of serious epidemic lower respiratory tract disease in infants, immunosuppressed patients, and the elderly. lower tract infection with rsv is characterized by a pronounced peribronchial mononuclear infiltrate, with eosinophilic and basophilic degranulation. because rsv replication is restricted to airway epithelial cells, where rsv replication induces potent expression of chemokines, the epithelium is postulated t ... | 2001 | 11533168 |
| chimeric bovine respiratory syncytial virus with attachment and fusion glycoproteins replaced by bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase and fusion proteins. | chimeric bovine respiratory syncytial viruses (brsv) expressing glycoproteins of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bpiv-3) instead of brsv glycoproteins were generated from cdna. in the brsv antigenome cdna, the open reading frames of the major brsv glycoproteins, attachment protein g and fusion protein f, were replaced individually or together by those of the bpiv-3 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) and/or fusion (f) glycoproteins. recombinant virus could not be recovered from cdna when the brs ... | 2001 | 11533200 |
| the effect of an outbreak of respiratory disease on herd-level milk production of norwegian dairy farms. | this study was done to evaluate the effect of an outbreak of acute respiratory disease associated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) on the daily milk yield per cow in norwegian dairy-cattle farms. retrospective data from 184 dairy herds located in two neighbouring veterinary districts during the study period (december 1994-may 1995, during which an epidemic of acute respiratory disease associated with brsv occurred in this area) were analysed. data on the bulk-milk deliveries and th ... | 2001 | 11535284 |
| cpg containing oligodeoxynucleotides are potent adjuvants for parenteral vaccination with the fusion (f) protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | the feasibility of using oligodeoxynucleotides (odn) containing unmethylated cpg motifs as parenteral adjuvants for subunit vaccines against rsv was tested in balb/c mice. compared with immunization with natural f protein adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide (f/aloh) adjuvant alone, coadministration of f/aloh with cpg odn resulted in statistically significant increases in serum neutralization titers, an enhanced generation of splenic antigen-dependent killer cell precursors, and accelerated clearance ... | 2001 | 11535341 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infections in autologous blood and marrow transplant recipients with breast cancer: combination therapy with aerosolized ribavirin and parenteral immunoglobulins. | scant data are available concerning the impact and response to therapy of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in patients undergoing autologous blood and marrow transplantation (bmt) for breast cancer. during eight winter seasons from 1992-1993 to 1999-2000, nine (4%) of 249 such patients were hospitalized with rsv infections. six patients, including all five patients who were early post transplant in the pre-engraftment period, developed pneumonia and were treated with a combination of ... | 2001 | 11535995 |
| inhibition of tumor necrosis factor reduces the severity of virus-specific lung immunopathology. | tnf antagonists are effective treatments for rheumatoid arthritis and crohn's disease, and have been tried with variable success in other diseases caused by immune damage. to test the hypothesis that viral lung diseases caused by respiratory syncytial virus or influenza virus are partly due to overproduction of tnf, we used anti-tnf antibody to treat mice with lung disease caused by these viruses. tnf depletion reduced pulmonary recruitment of inflammatory cells, cytokine production by t cells a ... | 2001 | 11536154 |
| long-term persistence and reactivation of t cell memory in the lung of mice infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | in mice acutely infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), more than 20% of pulmonary cd8(+) t cells, but only 2-3% of cd8(+) t cells in the draining lymph node secreted interferon-gamma in response to a single peptide. surprisingly, the percentage of virus-specific t cells in the lung remained at these high levels long after the acute infection. pulmonary memory t cells were further studied in a sensitive adoptive transfer system, which allows visualizing polyclonal cd4(+) and cd8(+) viru ... | 2001 | 11536155 |
| occurrence and severity of infections caused by subgroup a and b respiratory syncytial virus in children in southeast brazil. | the frequency and severity of infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were assessed in children <2 years of age seen at the emergency department. the frequency of rsv detection in the clinical virology laboratory during the past 3 years was also analyzed retrospectively. rsv was found in 21.6% (188/869) of the samples collected from children seen at the emergency department and was found to be more frequent during the autumn, being less frequent or negligible by midwinter. rsv sub ... | 2001 | 11536252 |