Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| The viral RNA-based transfection of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in the parasitic protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis. | Here we have developed methods to transiently and stably transfect the human pathogenic protist Trichomonas vaginalis. The viral RNA-based transfection vector pTVV-EGFP/NEO was constructed by using enhanced green fluorescent protein gene (EGFP) and neomycin resistance gene (NEO) in tandem to replace the whole gene encoding region of T. vaginalis virus (TVV). The in vitro transcripts of linearized pTVV-EGFP/NEO were electroporated into trophozoites and the transfectants transiently expressed EGFP ... | 2011 | 21861063 |
| chemical structure of trichomonas vaginalis surface lipoglycan: a role for short galactose (β1-4/3) n-acetylglucosamine repeats in host cell interaction. | the extracellular parasite trichomonas vaginalis contains a surface glycoconjugate that appears to mediate parasite-host cell interaction via binding to human galectin-1. this glycoconjugate also elicits cytokine production from human vaginal epithelial cells, implicating its role in modulation of host immune responses. we have analyzed the structure of this glycoconjugate, previously described to contain the sugars rhamnose (rha), n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac), galactose (gal), xylose (xyl), n-a ... | 2011 | 21900246 |
| APTIMA® Trichomonas vaginalis, a transcription-mediated amplification assay for detection of Trichomonas vaginalis in urogenital specimens. | The APTIMA(®) Trichomonas vaginalis (APTIMA TV; Gen-Probe Inc.) assay is the only amplification-based assay for T. vaginalis (TV) currently cleared by the US FDA. The assay was cleared in April 2011. APTIMA TV utilizes target capture specimen processing, transcription-mediated amplification and chemiluminescent probe hybridization for the qualitative detection of TV ribosomal RNA. The assay is used for the screening/diagnosis of trichomoniasis in women. Specimen types that can be used include ph ... | 2011 | 21902528 |
| Structure of the Trichomonas vaginalis Myb3 DNA-binding domain bound to a promoter sequence reveals a unique C-terminal ß-hairpin conformation. | Trichomonas vaginalis Myb3 transcription factor (tvMyb3) recognizes the MRE-1 promoter sequence and regulates ap65-1 gene, which encodes a hydrogenosomal malic enzyme that may play a role in the cytoadherence of the parasite. Here, we identified tvMyb3(53-180) as the essential fragment for DNA recognition and report the crystal structure of tvMyb3(53-180) bound to MRE-1 DNA. The N-terminal fragment adopts the classical conformation of an Myb DNA-binding domain, with the third helices of R2 and R ... | 2012 | 21908401 |
| response to 'trichomonas vaginalis among multiethnic female uk students'. | 2011 | 21917700 | |
| Pathogenic lower genital tract organisms in HIV-infected and uninfected women, and their association with postpartum infectious morbidity. | To determine the prevalence of vaginal pathogens during pregnancy and their impact on postpartum infectious morbidity among antiretroviral-naïve HIV-infected, and HIV-uninfected, women. | 2011 | 21920099 |
| Refractory Trichomoniasis in HIV-positive and HIV-negative Subjects. | Trichomonas vaginalis, a common pathogen, remains widely unknown to the public. Its clinical consequences include upper genital tract infection, increased risk of preterm delivery, and increased risk of HIV transmission. Diagnostic tests, especially in men, have historically had low sensitivity, but the recent development of rapid, reliable point-of-care testing is a step toward improved detection. Reliable treatments for trichomoniasis are limited to the nitroimidazoles, and options for cases w ... | 2011 | 21922351 |
| utility of antimicrobial susceptibility testing in trichomonas vaginalis-infected women with clinical treatment failure. | antimicrobial resistance is one of the causes of treatment failure in women after standard nitroimidazole therapy for trichomonas vaginalis infections. the centers for disease control and prevention provides drug susceptibility testing and guidance for treatment failures but the efficacy of the alternate recommendations has not been assessed. | 2011 | 21934577 |
| the core components of organelle biogenesis and membrane transport in the hydrogenosomes of trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is a parasitic protist of the excavata group. it contains an anaerobic form of mitochondria called hydrogenosomes, which produce hydrogen and atp; the majority of mitochondrial pathways and the organellar genome were lost during the mitochondrion-to-hydrogenosome transition. consequently, all hydrogenosomal proteins are encoded in the nucleus and imported into the organelles. however, little is known about the membrane machineries required for biogenesis of the organelle an ... | 2011 | 21935410 |
| [Effects of the symbiosis of Trichomonas vaginalis with Mycoplasma hominis on ferredoxin gene]. | We isolated 30 Trichomonas vaginalis for the PCR detection from the gynecological outpatients in the Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University using the specific 16s rDNA primers of Mycoplasma hominis. The results showed that there were 25 cases of Mycoplasma hominis infection, with the infection rate of 83.33%. This gave a clew that the symbiosis of Trichomonas vaginalis with Mycoplasma hominis may be of certain generality in China. We sequenced the ferredoxin gene of 10 Trichomonas vaginalis ... | 2011 | 21936384 |
| chlamydial infection in a high risk population: association with vaginal flora patterns. | purpose: this study aimed to determine the frequency of chlamydia trachomatis (ct) infection among high risk brazilian women and evaluate its association with vaginal flora patterns. methods: this was a cross-sectional study, performed in an outpatient clinic of bauru state hospital, são paulo, brazil. a total of 142 women were included from 2006 to 2008. inclusion criteria was dyspareunia, pain during bimanual exam, presence of excessive cervical mucus, cervical ectopy or with three or more epi ... | 2011 | 21938501 |
| molecular testing for trichomonas vaginalis in women: results from a prospective u.s. clinical trial. | trichomoniasis is a common sexually transmitted disease associated with preterm birth, low birth weight, and increased susceptibility to infection with other pathogenic sexually transmitted microorganisms. nucleic acid amplification tests for trichomonas vaginalis have improved sensitivity for detecting infected individuals compared to existing culture-based methods. this prospective, multicenter u.s. clinical trial evaluated the performance of the automated aptima t. vaginalis assay for detecti ... | 2011 | 21940475 |
| [which is the best empirical treatment in patients with urethritis?]. | to know the best empirical treatment of urethritis in patients at the city center of madrid. | 2011 | 21947096 |
| alternative 2-keto acid oxidoreductases in trichomonas vaginalis: artifact of histochemical staining. | trichomonas vaginalis has been reported to possess alternative 2-keto acid oxidoreductases (kors). these enzymes preferentially used indolepyruvate in a reaction that resembled that of pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (pfo). however, the kors did not reduce ferredoxin and remained active in metronidazole-resistant trichomonads lacking pfo. therefore, it was proposed that the kors may help trichomonads to survive in the presence of metronidazole. the kors were identified using activity staining ... | 2012 | 21963439 |
| [research progress on the molecular pathogenesis of trichomonas vaginalis]. | trichomonas vaginalis is one of the most common human sexually transmitted pathogens that colonize the urogenital mucosa. this paper reviews those factors in the molecular pathogenesis of the parasite, including cell adhesin, interaction with fibronectin and laminin, g-proteins, pore-forming protein and proteinases. | 2011 | 21970114 |
| Murine models of vaginal trichomonad infections. | Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus cause common sexually transmitted infections in humans and cattle, respectively. Mouse models of trichomoniasis are important for pathogenic and therapeutic studies. Here, we compared murine genital infections with T. vaginalis and T. foetus. Persistent vaginal infection with T. foetus was established with 100 parasites but T. vaginalis infection required doses of 10(6), perhaps because of greater susceptibility to killing by mouse vaginal polymorp ... | 2011 | 21976570 |
| Involvement of mast cells in inflammation induced by Trichomonas vaginalis via crosstalk with vaginal epithelial cells. | Vaginal epithelial cells (VECs) are thought to function as immune-responsive cells in trichomoniasis, and mast cells have been detected in vaginal smears and the vaginal wall in trichomoniasis. It therefore seemed possible that the VEC-trichomonad reaction might affect the activity of mast cells present in the lamina propria of the vaginal mucosa. In this study, we tested whether culture supernatants of VEC incubated with Trichomonas vaginalis (TCM) could stimulate mast cells. When VECs (MS74) w ... | 2012 | 21981317 |
| the n-glycans of trichomonas vaginalis contain variable core and antennal modifications. | trichomonad species are widespread unicellular flagellated parasites of vertebrates which interact with their hosts through carbohydrate-lectin interactions. in the past, some data have been accumulated regarding their lipo(phospho)glycans, a major glycoconjugate on their cell surfaces; on the other hand, other than biosynthetic aspects, few details about their n-linked oligosaccharides are known. in this study, we present both mass spectrometric and high-performance liquid chromatography data a ... | 2011 | 21983210 |
| three-year history of transcription-mediated amplification-based trichomonas vaginalis analyte-specific reagent testing in a subacute care patient population. | a total of 7,899 specimens submitted for live clinical trichomonas vaginalis analyte-specific reagent (asr) screening from 2008 to 2010 were audited on the basis of patient gender, specimen source, molecular neisseria gonorrhoeae and chlamydia trachomatis results, and relative light unit (rlu) data yielded by t. vaginalis asr. only 1.4% of the screening was ordered by emergency department clinicians. the screening volume in 2010 was 126% higher than that in 2008. the proportions of annual female ... | 2011 | 21998416 |
| UDP-xylose and UDP-galactose synthesis in Trichomonas vaginalis. | The presence of xylose and galactose residues in the structure of trichomonad lipoglycans was indicated by previous studies and the modification of any glycoconjugate with either monosaccharide requires the respective presence of the nucleotide sugars, UDP-xylose and UDP-galactose. Biosynthesis of UDP-xylose de novo is mediated by UDP-xylose synthase (UXS; UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase), which converts UDP-glucuronic acid to UDP-xylose, whereas UDP-galactose can be generated from UDP-glucose ... | 2012 | 22008417 |
| interaction of trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus with keratin: an important role in parasite infection. | trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus are human and bovine parasites, respectively, that provoke the sexually transmitted disease trichomoniasis. these extracellular parasites adhere to the host epithelial cell surface. although mucinases and proteases have been described as important proteins for parasite adhesion to epithelial cells, no studies have examined the role of the keratin molecules that cornify the vaginal epithelium. here, we investigated the interaction of t. vaginalis an ... | 2011 | 22012224 |
| antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, and phytochemical screening of voacanga globosa (blanco) merr. leaf extract (apocynaceae). | to determine the antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, cytotoxic, and phytochemical properties of ethanol extracts of leaves of voacanga globosa (blanco) merr. (v. globosa). | 2011 | 22014741 |
| a highly organized structure mediating nuclear localization of a myb2 transcription factor in the protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis. | nuclear proteins usually contain specific peptide sequences, referred to as nuclear localization signals (nlss), for nuclear import. these signals remain unexplored in the protozoan pathogen, trichomonas vaginalis. the nuclear import of a myb2 transcription factor was studied here using immunodetection of a hemagglutinin-tagged myb2 overexpressed in the parasite. the tagged myb2 was localized to the nucleus as punctate signals. with mutations of its polybasic sequences, 48kkqk51 and 61kr62, myb2 ... | 2011 | 22021237 |
| Trichomonas vaginalis: current understanding of host-parasite interactions. | Trichomonas vaginalis is a sexually transmitted obligate extracellular parasite that colonizes the human urogenital tract. Despite being of critical importance to the parasite's survival relatively little is known about the mechanisms employed by T. vaginalis to establish an infection and thrive within its host. Several studies have focused on the interaction of the parasite with host cells and extracellular matrix, identifying multiple suspected T. vaginalis adhesins. However, with the exceptio ... | 2011 | 22023448 |
| cytology and clinical spectrum of sexually transmitted infections in lebanese women as revealed by pap smear: a cross-sectional study from 2002-2006. | to study the cytology profile of cervical smears and the respective prevalence and incidence of certain cervico-vaginal infections detectable by routine pap smear cytology in lebanese women from 2002 to 2006. pap smear cytology results were compiled from the archives of the institut national de pathologie for the period extending from 2002 until 2006. this study covered 118,230 cervical specimens obtained from lebanese women attending clinics and hospitals in all the five districts of lebanon; p ... | 2011 | 22023770 |
| Modified Field stain - rapid viability test for Trichomonas vaginalis. | Aims: We previously reported that Modified Field Stain (MF) can be used as a rapid stain for diagnosis. In the present study we extend the observation to include the stain as an alternative method to assess viability of the cells. Methods and Results: Six isolates of Trichomonas vaginalis were used to assess the utility of the Modified Field stain as a rapid viability test for T. vaginalis and to compare with 0·4% Trypan Blue dye exclusion test in three conditions; normal in vitro culture grow ... | 2012 | 22040369 |
| a prospective study of vaginal trichomoniasis and hiv-1 shedding in women on antiretroviral therapy. | trichomonas vaginalis has been associated with increased vaginal hiv-1 rna shedding in antiretroviral therapy (art)-naïve women. the effect of trichomoniasis on vaginal hiv-1 shedding in art-treated women has not been characterized. we tested the hypothesis that t. vaginalis infection would increase vaginal hiv-1 rna shedding in women on art, and that successful treatment would reduce vaginal hiv-1 rna levels. | 2011 | 22047086 |
| antiprotozoal activity of proton-pump inhibitors. | parasitic diseases are still a major health problem in developing countries. in our effort to find new antiparasitic agents, in this letter we report the in vitro antiprotozoal activity of omeprazole, lansoprazole, rabeprazole and pantoprazole against trichomonas vaginalis, giardia intestinalis and entamoeba histolytica. molecular modeling studies were an important tool to highlight the potential antiprotozoal activity of these drugs. experimental evaluations revealed a strong activity for all c ... | 2011 | 22047694 |
| characterization of rnase mrp rna and novel snornas from giardia intestinalis and trichomonas vaginalis. | eukaryotic cells possess a complex network of rna machineries which function in rna-processing and cellular regulation which includes transcription, translation, silencing, editing and epigenetic control. studies of model organisms have shown that many ncrnas of the rna-infrastructure are highly conserved, but little is known from non-model protists. in this study we have conducted a genome-scale survey of medium-length ncrnas from the protozoan parasites giardia intestinalis and trichomonas vag ... | 2011 | 22053856 |
| [Trichomonas vaginalis prevalence in sex workers]. | Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) usually associated to vaginitis, urethritis, cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease, which can cause infertility. The aim of this retrospective longitudinal study was to determine Trichomonas vaginalis prevalence in a population of male and female sex workers in Mendoza, Argentina. A cohort of 720 people who attended the STI Program in this province was retrospectively analyzed. From February 2007 up to June 2009, 1692 samples were pro ... | 2011 | 22057167 |
| evaluation and management of sexually transmitted infections in adolescent males presenting to a pediatric emergency department: is the chief complaint diagnostic? | the objectives of the study were to (1) describe evaluation and treatment patterns for adolescent males presenting with a concern for sexually transmitted infection (sti) in a pediatric emergency department, (2) assess the rates of stis in symptomatic males, and (3) determine the utility of urinalysis alone in predicting stis in adolescent males. | 2011 | 22068065 |
| [Early diagnosis and correlations of sexually transmitted infections among women in primary care health services]. | Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) in women remain a public health challenge due to high prevalence, difficulties to implement early diagnosis strategies and high rates of complications. | 2011 | 22069014 |
| Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of palladium(II) salicylaldiminato thiosemicarbazone complexes against Trichomonas vaginalis. | Eight mononuclear Pd(II) complexes containing salicylaldiminato thiosemicarbazones (saltsc-R; where R=H (1), 3-OMe (2), 3-(t)Bu (3) and 5-Cl (4)) as dinegative tridentate ligands were prepared by the reaction of the corresponding thiosemicarbazone with the precursor Pd(L)(2)Cl(2) (L=phosphatriazaadamantane or 4-picoline) in the presence of a weak base. These complexes (9-16) were characterised by a range of spectroscopic and analytical techniques including NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. ... | 2011 | 22071079 |
| NF-?B and CREB are involved in IL-8 production of human neutrophils induced by Trichomonas vaginalis-derived secretory products. | Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated lumen-dwelling extracellular protozoan parasite that causes human trichomoniasis via sexual intercourse. Human neutrophils play a crucial role in acute tissue inflammatory responses in T. vaginalis infection. In this study, we investigated the signaling mechanism of neutrophil responses when stimulated with T. vaginalis-derived secretory products (TvSP), which were collected from 1×10(7) live trichomonads. Incubation of human neutrophils isolated from perip ... | 2011 | 22072831 |
| Genetic characterization of three Cuban Trichomonas vaginalis virus. Phylogeny of Totiviridae family. | Trichomonas vaginalis can be infected with double stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses known as T. vaginalis virus (TVV). This viral infection may have important implications for trichomonal virulence and disease pathogenesis. In this study we identified and genetic characterized three strains of TVVs isolated from T. vaginalis in Cuba. The three new predicted sequences of capsid protein and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase amounted to the previously determined 20 TVV sequences and other 21 viruses of Totiv ... | 2012 | 22075038 |
| ultrastructural changes during asexual multiple reproduction in trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis, a flagellated protozoan parasite, is commonly found in the genitourinary tract of humans. its mode of reproduction has always been reported to be binary fission. the high parasite numbers seen in a relatively short period in in vitro cultures led us to believe that there must be other modes of reproduction. the present study for the first time provides transformational evidence at the ultrastructural level seen in tropohozoites of t. vaginalis undergoing a multiple asexual ... | 2011 | 22076052 |
| the trichomonas vaginalis hydrogenosome proteome is highly reduced relative to mitochondria, yet complex compared with mitosomes. | the human pathogen trichomonas vaginalis lacks conventional mitochondria and instead contains divergent mitochondrial-related organelles. these double-membrane bound organelles, called hydrogenosomes, produce molecular hydrogen. phylogenetic and biochemical analyses of hydrogenosomes indicate a common origin with mitochondria; however identification of hydrogenosomal proteins and studies on its metabolism have been limited. here we provide a detailed proteomic analysis of the t. vaginalis hydrog ... | 2011 | 22079833 |
| sexual assault and abuse of children. | testing for sexually transmitted infections (stis) in children presents a number of problems for the practitioner that are not usually faced when testing adults for the same infections. the identification of an sti in a child can have, in addition to medical implications, serious legal implications. the presence of an sti is often used to support the presence or allegations, or, in some cases, may prompt an investigation of possible abuse. the purpose of this paper is to review the recent data o ... | 2011 | 22080264 |
| Trichomonas vaginalis genital infections: progress and challenges. | Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) infection is the most prevalent curable sexually transmitted infection in the United States and worldwide. Most TV infections are asymptomatic, and the accurate diagnosis of this infection has been limited by lack of sufficiently sensitive and specific diagnostic tests, particularly for men. To provide updates for the 2010 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, a PubMed search was conducted of all TV literature ... | 2011 | 22080269 |
| The association between Trichomonas infection and incarceration in HIV-seropositive and at-risk HIV-seronegative women. | The prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis is higher among incarcerated women than in the general community. We sought to determine whether a history of incarceration itself was independently associated with trichomoniasis. | 2011 | 22082718 |
| sexually transmitted infections and risk behaviors among african american women who have sex with women: does sex with men make a difference? | we sought to determine the prevalence of infection with chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, trichomonas vaginalis, mycoplasma genitalium, syphilis, and hiv among african american women who have sex with women (aawsw), and compare sociodemographics, sexual risk behavior characteristics, and sti diagnoses among women reporting sex exclusively with women (exclusive aawsw) to women reporting sex with both women and men (aawswm) during the past 12 months. | 2011 | 22082722 |
| The prevalence and clinical significance of urethritis and cervicitis in asymptomatic people by use of multiplex polymerase chain reaction. | Our purpose was to conduct a screening test for urethritis or cervicitis as a sexually transmitted disease (STD) by using multiplex polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, and Trichomonas vaginalis in asymptomatic people. | 2011 | 22087366 |
| Impact of international laboratory partnerships on the performance of HIV/sexually transmitted infection testing in five resource-constrained countries. | To review a quality control and quality assurance (QC/QA) model established to ensure the validity and reliability of collection, storage and analysis of biological outcome data, and to promote good laboratory practices (GLPs) and sustained operational improvements in international clinical laboratories, we conducted a two-arm randomized community-level HIV behavioural intervention trial in five countries: China, India, Peru, Russia and Zimbabwe. The trial was based on diffusion theory utilizing ... | 2011 | 22096049 |
| Prevalence and Correlates of Mycoplasma genitalium Infection Among Female Sex Workers in Kampala, Uganda. | Background. The importance of Mycoplasma genitalium in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-burdened sub-Saharan Africa is relatively unknown. We assessed the prevalence and explored determinants of this emerging sexually transmitted infection (STI) in high-risk women in Uganda. Methods. Endocervical swabs from 1025 female sex workers in Kampala were tested for Mycoplasma genitalium using a commercial Real-TM polymerase chain reaction assay. Factors associated with prevalent Mycoplasma genitalium, ... | 2012 | 22102734 |
| identification of putative mirnas from the deep-branching unicellular flagellates. | micrornas (mirnas) are a class of extensively studied rnai-associated small rnas that play a critical role in eukaryotic gene regulation. however, knowledge on the mirna and its regulation in unicellular eukaryotes is very limited. in order to obtain a better understanding on the origin of mirna regulation system, we used deep-sequencing technology to investigate the mirna expression pattern in four deep-branching unicellular flagellates: giardia lamblia, trichomonas vaginalis, tritrichomonas fo ... | 2011 | 22120185 |
| Redox-active antiparasitic drugs. | Significance: Parasitic diseases affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide and represent major health problems. Treatment is becoming extremely difficult due to the emergence of drug-resistance, the absence of effective vaccines and the spread of insecticide-resistant vectors. Thus, identification of affordable and readily available drugs against resistant parasites is of global demand. Recent Advances: Susceptibility of many parasites to oxidative stress is a well-known phenomenon. There ... | 2011 | 22122517 |
| pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (pfo) is a surface-associated cell-binding protein in trichomonas vaginalis and is involved in trichomonal adherence to host cells. | the trichomonas vaginalis 120 kda protein adhesin (ap120) is induced under iron-rich conditions and has sequence homology with pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase a (pfo a), a hydrogenosomal enzyme that is absent in humans. this homology raises the possibility that, like ap120, pfo might be localized to the parasite surface and participate in cytoadherence. here, the cellular localization and function of pfo that was expressed under various iron concentrations was investigated using a polyclonal ... | 2011 | 22130740 |
| trichomonas vaginalis pathobiology new insights from the genome sequence. | the draft genome of the common sexually transmitted pathogen trichomonas vaginalis encodes one of the largest known proteome with 60,000 candidate proteins. this provides parasitologists and molecular cell biologists alike with exciting, yet challenging, opportunities to unravel the molecular features of the parasite's cellular systems and potentially the molecular basis of its pathobiology. here, recent investigations addressing selected aspects of the parasite's molecular cell biology are disc ... | 2011 | 22137583 |
| a machine-learning approach to identify hydrogenosomal proteins in trichomonas vaginalis. | the protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis is the causative agent of trichomoniasis, the most widespread non-viral sexually transmitted disease in humans. it possesses hydrogenosomes - anaerobic mitochondria that generate h(2), co(2), and acetate from pyruvate while converting adp to atp via substrate level phosphorylation. t. vaginalis hydrogenosomes lack a genome and translation machinery, hence they import all their proteins from the cytosol, but to date only 30 imported proteins have been ... | 2011 | 22140228 |
| [advances in research of dihydroartemisinin against parasitic diseases]. | dihydroartemisinin, the main metabolite of artemisinin and two artemisinin derivatives, artemether and artesunate, is a broad-spectrum anti-parasitic drug. the present paper systematically reviews the advances in research of dihydroartemisinin against plasmodium, schistosoma, pneumocystis, toxoplasma, trichomonas vaginalis, leishmania, giardia lamblia. | 2011 | 22164870 |
| comparison of dacron and nylon-flocked self-collected vaginal swabs and urine for the detection of trichomonas vaginalis using analyte-specific reagents in a transcription-mediated amplification assay. | objectivesto compare self-collected vaginal swab (scvs) types and first-catch urine (fcu) to diagnose trichomonas vaginalis using analyte-specific reagents designed to be used in a transcription-mediated amplification assay.methodsa total of 241 women (group a) collected a fcu and a scvs using a dacron swab (aptima collection kit). a second group of 289 women (group b) collected two scvs using one dacron swab and one nylon-flocked swab.resultsof 75 young women (street youth) determined to be inf ... | 2011 | 22166474 |
| ongoing sexually transmitted disease acquisition and risk-taking behavior among us hiv-infected patients in primary care: implications for prevention interventions. | to better understand the factors associated with hiv- and sexually transmitted disease (std)-transmitting behavior among hiv-infected persons, we estimated std prevalence and incidence and associated risk factors among a diverse sample of hiv-infected patients in primary care. | 2012 | 22183836 |
| Iron-saturated lactoferrin and pathogenic protozoa: could this protein be an iron source for their parasitic style of life? | Iron is an essential nutrient for the survival of pathogens inside a host. As a general strategy against microbes, mammals have evolved complex iron-withholding systems for efficiently decreasing the iron accessible to invaders. Pathogens that inhabit the respiratory, intestinal and genitourinary tracts encounter an iron-deficient environment on the mucosal surface, where ferric iron is chelated by lactoferrin, an extracellular glycoprotein of the innate immune system. However, parasitic protozo ... | 2012 | 22191452 |
| [incidence in sivas of trichomonas vaginalis in patients with vaginitis]. | objective: trichomonas vaginalis infection is a common disease among women and an important public health problem. the present study is performed to determine the prevalence of t. vaginalis among the 258 women admitted to sivas state hospital, gynecology department with a variety of symptoms and vaginitis. the ages of patients ranges from 17 to 80 years. methods: during the gynecologic examination two samples were taken from the vagina fornix and the first one was placed ... | 2011 | 22203503 |
| first report of anti-trichomonas vaginalis activity of the medicinal plant polygala decumbens from the brazilian semi-arid region, caatinga. | trichomonosis, caused by the flagellate protozoan trichomonas vaginalis, is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease worldwide. actually, the infection treatment is based on 5-nitroimidazole drugs. however, an emergent number of resistant isolates makes important the search for new therapeutic arsenal. in this sense, the investigation of plants and their metabolites is an interesting approach. in the present study, the anti-t. vaginalis activity of 44 aqueous extracts from 23 caati ... | 2011 | 22205352 |
| translation initiation factor eif-5a, the hypusine-containing protein, is phosphorylated on serine and tyrosine and o-glycosylated in trichomonas vaginalis. | the eukaryotic translation factor eif-5a is highly conserved throughout eukaryotes and undergoes an unusual polyamine-dependent post-translational modification called hypusination. trichomonas vaginalis has two tveif-5a genes (tveif-5a1 and tveif-5a2), each encoding a 19-kda protein. in this report, we describe the detection of two forms with different isoelectric points (5.2 and 5.5) that correspond to the precursor and mature tveif-5a, respectively. in addition, we demonstrated that only the m ... | 2011 | 22212642 |
| leukotriene b(4) receptors blt1 and blt2 are involved in interleukin-8 production in human neutrophils induced by trichomonas vaginalis-derived secretory products. | trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan parasite that causes human trichomoniasis. although t. vaginalis itself can secrete lipid mediator leukotriene (lt) b(4) leading to neutrophil activation, information regarding the signaling mechanism involved in neutrophil activation induced by t. vaginalis-secreted ltb(4) is limited. we investigated whether ltb(4) contained in the t. vaginalis-derived secretory products (tvsp) is closely involved in interleukin (il)-8 production in human neutrop ... | 2012 | 22215047 |
| anti-trichomonas vaginalis activity of saponins from quillaja, passiflora, and ilex species. | trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan that causes trichomonosis, the most prevalent non-viral std worldwide. the pathogen has been associated with serious health consequences including predisposition to cervical cancer and adverse pregnancy outcomes and infertility. it also acts as a co-factor in hiv transmission and acquisition. the 5-nitroimidazole drugs are used in the treatment, however, treatment noncompliance is observed, and a growing number of t. vaginalis isolates resistant t ... | 2012 | 22218924 |
| improving diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis infection in resource limited health care settings in sri lanka. | this study was designed to compare diagnosis of trichomoniasis by culture, wet smear examination, and giemsa stain. a modified technique was used to transport and prepare the specimen to ensure parasite viability prior to giemsa staining. | 2011 | 22223992 |
| determinants of per-coital-act hiv-1 infectivity among african hiv-1-serodiscordant couples. | knowledge of factors that affect per-act infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) is important for designing hiv-1 prevention interventions and for the mathematical modeling of the spread of hiv-1. | 2012 | 22241800 |
| access to health services and sexually transmitted infections in a cohort of relocating african american public housing residents: an association between travel time and infection. | background:: high incidence and prevalence of sexually transmitted infection (sti) in blacks have been attributed to multiple factors. however, few articles have discussed spatial access to healthcare as a driver of disparities. the objective of this analysis was to evaluate the relationship between travel time to a healthcare provider and the likelihood of testing positive for 1 of 3 stis in a sample of adults living in public housing. methods:: one hundred and eight black adults in atlanta, ga ... | 2012 | 22249300 |
| evaluation of seeplex® std6 ace detection kit for the diagnosis of six bacterial sexually transmitted infections. | traditionally, the diagnosis of bacterial sexually transmitted infection (sti) has been dependent on the isolation of the causative pathogens by culturing endocervical or urethral swab specimens on selective media. while such procedures typically provide excellent diagnostic accuracy, they are often time-consuming and expensive. a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay, based on a semi-automated detection system, was evaluated for the detection of six sti causative organisms. the seeple ... | 2012 | 22252268 |
| validation of novel fluorescence assays for the routine screening of drug susceptibilities of trichomonas vaginalis. | objectives: to evaluate existing protocols, based on alamar blue (resazurin), for the routine determination of drug susceptibility in trichomonads, develop new ones and validate these by screening small antiprotozoal libraries. methods: the resazurin-based assay was evaluated by determining fluorescence development in trichomonas media with various cell densities after various intervals and in the presence of metronidazole. similar investigations were performed with the alternative fluorophores ... | 2012 | 22258922 |
| detection of trichomonas vaginalis by different methods in women from dohok province, iraq. | this study compared 4 different diagnostic methods for the detection of trichomonas vaginatis in vaginal swab specimens from women attending a hospital in dohuk in iraq. a total of 425 vaginal swabs were obtained from women complaining of vaginal discharge associated with vaginitis, cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease. the results showed that 10 (2.4%) swabs were positive for t. vaginalis by wet smear preparation, 15 (3.5%) by haematoxylin-eosin stained smear, 17 (4.0%) by papanicolaou st ... | 2011 | 22259923 |
| lycorine derivatives against trichomonas vaginalis. | six lycorine derivatives were prepared, characterized, and evaluated for their in vitro anti-trichomonas vaginalis activity. compounds bearing an acetyl (2), lauroyl (3), benzoyl (4 and 5), and p-nitrobenzoyl (6 and 7) groups were synthesized. the best activity was achieved with lycorine esterified at c-2 position with lauroyl group. preliminary structure-activity relationship points that unprotected oh group at c-1 and c-2 is not necessary to the antiparasitic activity, and none of the derivati ... | 2012 | 22260620 |
| transactional sexual relationships, sexually transmitted infection risk, and condom use among young black women in peri-urban areas of the western cape province of south africa. | background: transactional sexual behavior has been demonstrated as an important factor underlying the hiv epidemic in sub-saharan africa. the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between having a history of transactional sexual relationships with condom use and sti risk. methods: participants completed a behavioral questionnaire in isixhosa and provided self-collected vaginal swabs which were tested for chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhea, and trichomonas vaginalis. multinom ... | 2012 | 22265179 |
| characterizing ncrnas in human pathogenic protists using high-throughput sequencing technology. | ncrnas are key genes in many human diseases including cancer and viral infection, as well as providing critical functions in pathogenic organisms such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, and protists. until now the identification and characterization of ncrnas associated with disease has been slow or inaccurate requiring many years of testing to understand complicated rna and protein gene relationships. high-throughput sequencing now offers the opportunity to characterize mirnas, sirnas, small nucleola ... | 2011 | 22303390 |
| sensitivity of gram stain in the diagnosis of urethritis in men. | acute urethritis is among the most common types of sexually transmitted diseases in men. the diagnosis usually requires microscopic evidence of urethritis, but sometimes urethral pathogens are detected in asymptomatic men without such evidence. the aims of this study were to assess the sensitivity of gram stain in men with urethral symptoms and to relate it to the microorganisms isolated. | 2012 | 22308534 |
| incentivising safe sex: a randomised trial of conditional cash transfers for hiv and sexually transmitted infection prevention in rural tanzania. | the authors evaluated the use of conditional cash transfers as an hiv and sexually transmitted infection prevention strategy to incentivise safe sex. | 2012 | 22318666 |
| high prevalence of hiv and sexually transmitted infections among male sex workers in abidjan, cote d'ivoire: need for services tailored to their needs. | to assess condom use and prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (sti) and hiv among male sex workers (msw) in abidjan, côte d'ivoire. | 2012 | 22328644 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: treatment questions and challenges. | 2012 | 22339182 | |
| prevention of sexually transmitted infections in urban communities (peru preven): a multicomponent community-randomised controlled trial. | previous community-randomised trials of interventions to control sexually transmitted infections (stis) have involved rural settings, were rarely multicomponent, and had varying results. we aimed to assess the effect of a multicomponent intervention on curable stis in urban young adults and female sex workers (fsws). | 2012 | 22341824 |
| study on its1 gene of iranian trichomonas vaginalis by molecular methods. | trichomoniasis is a worldwide protozoan parasitic disease and metronidazole is a choice drug for its treatment. because of disease importance in public health and its controversial ideas about the prevalence of drug resistance, this study was carried out. | 2010 | 22347260 |
| molecular diagnosis of trichomoniasis in negative samples examined by direct smear and culture. | trichomoniasis is an extremely common sexually transmitted infection (sti) worldwide and is associated with important public health problems, including amplification of hiv transmission. this disease is in forms of symptomatic and asymptomatic in women and may depend on host as well as parasite variables. most of the studies reported from females are based on examination of vaginal secretions and urine samples by direct smear and culture in modified diamond's media. the aim of this study was che ... | 2010 | 22347263 |
| gene diversity of trichomonas vaginalis isolates. | trichomonas vaginalis is protozoan parasite responsible for trichomoniasis and is more common in high-risk behavior group such as prostitute individuals. interest in trichomoniasis is due to increase one's susceptibility to viruses such as herpes, human papillomavirus and hiv. the aim of this study was to find genotypic differences between the isolates. | 2011 | 22347304 |
| efficacy of the mentha crispa in the treatment of women with trichomonas vaginalis infection. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of mentha crispa in the treatment of women with trichomonas vaginalis infection (tvi). | 2012 | 22350328 |
| correlation of atopobium vaginae amount with bacterial vaginosis markers. | the purpose of this study was to test the correlation of the amount of atopobium vaginae with the most commonly used markers for bacterial vaginosis (bv). | 2012 | 22371042 |
| the role of bacterial vaginosis and trichomonas in hiv transmission across the female genital tract. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) and trichomonas vaginalis (tv) infections are both very common and are associated with increased risk of sexual transmission of hiv. there are several mechanisms by which bv and tv could affect susceptibility including inducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and disrupting mucosal barrier function. this review highlights recent advances in our understanding of how these genital conditions lead to an increased risk of hiv infection in women. | 2012 | 22384839 |
| pseudocyst forms of trichomonas vaginalis from cervical neoplasia. | trichomonas vaginalis, a flagellated protozoan parasite causes a variety of adverse health consequences in both men and women. the parasite exists in the trophozoite and the pseudocystic stage. the study reports for the first time that pseudocyst forms of t. vaginalis isolated from cervical neoplasia (cn) patients demonstrated distinct, different and significant in vitro growth profiles when grown in vitro cultures from day 1 up to day 5 (p<0.05, mann-whitney test) when compared with the same li ... | 2012 | 22398830 |
| acquisition of hydrogenosomal presequences: examples from trichomonas vaginalis. | presequences play an important role in protein import into mitochondria-like organelles. acquisition pathways have been revealed for some mitochondrial presequences, but little is known about hydrogenosomal presequences. here we investigated the hydrogenosomal proteins of trichomonas vaginalis and suggest that several hydrogenosomal presequences probably evolved from pre-existing sequences that were thereafter modified. | 2012 | 22404599 |
| programmed cell death in giardia. | programmed cell death (pcd) has been observed in many unicellular eukaryotes; however, in very few cases have the pathways been described. recently the early divergent amitochondrial eukaryote giardia has been included in this group. in this paper we investigate the processes of pcd in giardia. we performed a bioinformatics survey of giardia genomes to identify genes associated with pcd alongside traditional methods for studying apoptosis and autophagy. analysis of giardia genomes failed to high ... | 2012 | 22405231 |
| histone h3 variants in trichomonas vaginalis. | the parabasalid protist trichomonas vaginalis is a widespread parasite that affects humans, frequently causing vaginitis in infected women. trichomonad mitosis is marked by the persistence of the nuclear membrane and the presence of an asymmetric extranuclear spindle with no obvious direct connection to the chromosomes. no centromeric markers have been described in t. vaginalis, which has prevented a detailed analysis of mitotic events in this organism. in other eukaryotes, nucleosomes of centro ... | 2012 | 22408228 |
| analysis of the ntpdase and ecto-5'-nucleotidase profiles in serum-limited trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is a parasite of the human urogenital tract that causes trichomonosis, the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted disease. ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (ntpdase) family members, which hydrolyse extracellular atp and adp and ecto-5'-nucleotidase, which hydrolyses amp, have been characterised in t. vaginalis. for trichomonad culture, the growth medium is supplemented with 10% serum, which is an important source of nutrients, such as adenosine. here, w ... | 2012 | 22415254 |
| insight into trichomonas vaginalis genome evolution through metabolic pathways comparison. | trichomonas vaginalis causes the trichomoniasis, in women and urethritis and prostate cancer in men. its genome draft published by tigr in 2007 presents many unusual genomic and biochemical features like, exceptionally large genome size, the presence of hydrogenosome, gene duplication, lateral gene transfer mechanism and the presence of mirna. to understand some of genomic features we have performed a comparative analysis of metabolic pathways of the t. vaginalis with other 22 significant common ... | 2012 | 22419839 |
| sexually transmitted infections in hiv-infected patients in kabale hospital, uganda. | acquisition of sexually transmitted infections (stis) is an epidemiological marker of high-risk sexual behavior in hiv-infected patients. we assessed the prevalence of stis among patients attending an hiv care and support centre. | 2012 | 22421610 |
| the effect of medical male circumcision on urogenital mycoplasma genitalium among men in kisumu, kenya. | we determined the prevalence of urethral mycoplasma genitalium (mg) infection and whether infection was associated with circumcision status among men enrolled in the randomized trial of medical male circumcision to prevent hiv acquisition in kisumu, kenya. | 2012 | 22421693 |
| sexual behaviours, knowledge and attitudes regarding safe sex, and prevalence of non-viral sexually transmitted infections among attendees of youth clinics in st. petersburg, russia. | adolescents and young adults are at increased risk of sexually transmitted infections (stis). knowledge of sti prevalence and risk factors are essential tools to elaborate preventive strategies. however, internationally reported studies on epidemiology of stis among the youth in russia are mainly lacking. | 2013 | 22429498 |
| down-regulation of flavin reductase and alcohol dehydrogenase-1 (adh1) in metronidazole-resistant isolates of trichomonas vaginalis. | the microaerophilic parasite trichomonas vaginalis is a causative agent of painful vaginitis or urethritis, termed trichomoniasis, and can also cause preterm delivery or stillbirth. treatment of trichomoniasis is almost exclusively based on the nitroimidazole drugs metronidazole and tinidazole. metronidazole resistance in t. vaginalis does occur and is often associated with treatment failure. in most cases, metronidazole-resistant isolates remain susceptible to tinidazole, but cross resistance b ... | 2012 | 22449940 |
| functional analysis of sequence motifs involved in the polyadenylation of trichomonas vaginalis mrnas. | synthesis of functional mrna in eukaryotes involves processing of precursor transcripts, including the addition of a poly(a) tail at the 3' end. a multiprotein complex recognizes a polyadenylation signal, generally the hexanucleotide aauaaa in metazoans, to direct processing of the pre-mrna. based on sequence analysis of several cdnas, we have previously suggested that the uaaa tetranucleotide (which may include the uaa translation stop codon) could be the polyadenylation signal in trichomonas v ... | 2012 | 22467744 |
| no evidence for infection of uk prostate cancer patients with xmrv, bk virus, trichomonas vaginalis or human papilloma viruses. | the prevalence of specific infections in uk prostate cancer patients was investigated. serum from 84 patients and 62 controls was tested for neutralisation of xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus (xmrv) envelope. no reactivity was found in the patient samples. in addition, a further 100 prostate dna samples were tested for xmrv, bk virus, trichomonas vaginalis and human papilloma viruses by nucleic acid detection techniques. despite demonstrating dna integrity and assay sensitivity, w ... | 2012 | 22470540 |
| extensive genetic diversity, unique population structure and evidence of genetic exchange in the sexually transmitted parasite trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is the causative agent of human trichomoniasis, the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection world-wide. despite its prevalence, little is known about the genetic diversity and population structure of this haploid parasite due to the lack of appropriate tools. the development of a panel of microsatellite makers and snps from mining the parasite's genome sequence has paved the way to a global analysis of the genetic structure of the pathogen and association with ... | 2012 | 22479659 |
| use of nucleic acid amplification testing for diagnosis of anorectal sexually transmitted infections. | nucleic acid amplification testing (naat) has become the preferred method to detect chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae, but no commercial tests are cleared by the u.s. food and drug administration for use with rectal swab samples. this study evaluated the performance of strand displacement amplification (sda) and transcription-mediated amplification (tma) to detect c. trachomatis and n. gonorrhoeae and to determine if tma could also detect mycoplasma genitalium and trichomonas vagin ... | 2012 | 22493338 |
| new concepts in the diagnosis and pathogenesis of trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis infection is the most commonly encountered sexually transmitted disease. there is a need for more accurate and rapid laboratory diagnostic methods, leading to better control and treatment strategies. various virulence factors such as adherence, contact-independent factors, hemolysis and acquisition of host macromolecules have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of this infection. detection of the factors that are only present in the pathogenic isolates of trichomo ... | 1996 | 22514457 |
| effects of hormonal contraception on vaginal flora. | the sector of the market that deals with contraception offers a long list of different contraceptive methods. within the estroprogestinic choice, the routes of administration are oral, transdermic and vaginal one. even though efficacy is comparable with these methods, secondary and adverse effects are directly involved in the acceptability of the method. | 2012 | 22520642 |
| phenotypic 'variant' forms of trichomonas vaginalis trophozoites from cervical neoplasia patients. | the protozoan trichomonas vaginalis a sexually transmitted protozoan parasite causes vaginitis, urethritis and cervicitis in humans. the present study highlights phenotypic 'variant' forms of trophozoites isolated from patients suffering from cervical neoplasia condition. the growth curve of 10 isolates i.e., four non-cervical neoplasia (ncn) isolates (ncn1-ncn4) and six cervical neoplasia (cn) isolates (cn1-cn6) showed two distinct and different in vitro growth profiles. the parasite count and ... | 2012 | 22525014 |
| clinical features and sociodemographic factors affecting trichomonas vaginalis infection in women attending a central sexually transmitted diseases clinic in sri lanka. | trichomoniasis is a relatively neglected area of research in sri lanka. given the number of infections observed, an analysis of sociodemographic characteristics of patients would be valuable in prevention. | 2012 | 22529450 |
| diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis from vaginal specimens by wet mount microscopy, in pouch tv culture system, and pcr. | in recent years, trichomoniasis has emerged as the most common sexually transmitted disease and limited data are available on the effective screening technique for the diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis. | 2012 | 22529623 |
| live imaging of mitosomes and hydrogenosomes by halotag technology. | hydrogenosomes and mitosomes represent remarkable mitochondrial adaptations in the anaerobic parasitic protists such as trichomonas vaginalis and giardia intestinalis, respectively. in order to provide a tool to study these organelles in the live cells, the halotag was fused to g. intestinalis iscu and t. vaginalis frataxin and expressed in the mitosomes and hydrogenosomes, respectively. the incubation of the parasites with the fluorescent halo-ligand resulted in highly specific organellar label ... | 2012 | 22558433 |
| prevalence and etiologic agents of female reproductive tract infection among in-patients and out-patients of a tertiary hospital in benin city, nigeria. | reproductive tract infections are public health problems in women of reproductive age and can result in serious consequences if not treated. | 2010 | 22558550 |
| the prevalence of vaginal microorganisms in pregnant women with preterm labor and preterm birth. | to investigate the risk factors for vaginal infections and antimicrobial susceptibilities of vaginal microorganisms among women who experienced preterm birth (ptb), we compared the prevalence of vaginal microorganisms between women who experienced preterm labor (ptl) without preterm delivery and spontaneous ptb. | 2012 | 22563554 |