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early detection of cervical cancer by human papillomavirus dna testing: case reports. 200617012993
establishment of immortalized dental follicle cells for generating periodontal ligament in vivo.the dental follicle is a mesenchymal tissue that surrounds the developing tooth germ. during tooth root formation, periodontal components, viz., cementum, periodontal ligament (pdl), and alveolar bone, are created by dental follicle progenitors. here, we report the presence of pdl progenitors in mouse dental follicle (mdf) cells. mdf cells were obtained from mouse incisor tooth germs and immortalized by the expression of a mutant human papilloma virus type 16 e6 gene lacking the pdz-domain-bindi ...200717013589
interferon regulatory factor-1 regulates reconstituted extracellular matrix (recm)-mediated apoptosis in human mammary epithelial cells.interactions between extracellular matrix (ecm) and mammary epithelial cells are critical for mammary gland homeostasis and apoptotic signaling. interferon regulatory factor-1 (irf-1) is a transcriptional regulator that promotes apoptosis during mammary gland involution and p53-independent apoptosis. we have recently shown that rapid cell surface tamoxifen (tam) signaling promotes apoptosis in normal human mammary epithelial cells that were acutely damaged by expression of human papillomavirus t ...200717016442
critical roles for non-prb targets of human papillomavirus type 16 e7 in cervical carcinogenesis.high-risk human papillomaviruses (hpv) encode two oncogenes, e6 and e7, expressed in nearly all cervical cancers. in vivo, hpv-16 e7 has been shown to induce multiple phenotypes in the context of transgenic mice, including cervical cancer. e7 is a multifunctional protein known best for its ability to inactivate the tumor suppressor prb. to determine the importance of prb inactivation by e7 in cervical cancer, we pursued studies with genetically engineered mice. e7 expression in estrogen-treated ...200617018593
re: human papillomavirus infection and incidence of squamous cell and basal cell carcinomas of the skin. 200617018790
detection of human papillomavirus in cervical cell specimens by hybrid capture and pcr with different primers.the purpose of this study was to compare hybrid capture assay with pcrs using different primers for the l1, e6-e7 regions for the detection of human papillomavirus (hpv) genome. one hundred twenty-five cervical smears with normal (n=42) and abnormal (n=83) cytology were investigated. those at high-risk for hpv were studied by hybridization antibody capture assay and pcr with the pu-1m/pu-2r primers. target dna from the hpv l1 region was amplified by spf10 primer set and home-pcr with my09/my11 p ...200617019439
human papillomavirus type 5 e6 oncoprotein represses the transforming growth factor beta signaling pathway by binding to smad3.mechanisms of cellular transformation associated with human papillomavirus type 5 (hpv5), which is responsible for skin carcinomas in epidermodysplasia verruciformis (ev) patients, are poorly understood. using a yeast two-hybrid screening and molecular and cellular biology experiments, we found that hpv5 oncoprotein e6 interacts with smad3, a key component in the transforming growth factor beta1 (tgf-beta1) signaling pathway. hpv5 e6 inhibits smad3 transactivation by destabilizing the smad3/smad ...200617020941
cross-sectional comparison of an automated hybrid capture 2 assay and the consensus gp5+/6+ pcr method in a population-based cervical screening program.in this cross-sectional study, clinical performances of the hybrid capture 2 assay using an automated instrument (i.e., rapid capture system) (hc2-rcs) and the high-risk human papillomavirus gp5+/6+ pcr-enzyme immunoassay (eia) test were compared using cervical scrape specimens from 8,132 women that participated in a population-based screening trial. the hc2-rcs test scored significantly more samples positive (6.8%) than the gp5+/6+ pcr-eia (4.8%) (p < 0.0005). this could be attributed largely t ...200617021097
[the swedish institute of infectious disease control starts a registry for follow up of vaccination against human papillomavirus]. 200617022190
cell detachment model for an antibody-based microfluidic cancer screening system.we consider cells bound to the floor of a microfluidic channel and present a model of their flow-induced detachment. we approximate hydrodynamic force and cell elastic response using static finite-element simulation of a single cell. detachment is assumed to occur when hydrodynamic and adhesive forces are roughly equal. the result is extended to multiple cells at the device level using a sigmoidal curve fit. the model is applied to a microfluidic cancer-screening device that discriminates betwee ...200617022683
amino acid substitutions that specifically impair the transcriptional activity of papillomavirus e2 affect binding to the long isoform of brd4.the e2 protein of papillomaviruses binds to specific sites in the viral genome to regulate its transcription, replication and segregation in mitosis. amino acid substitutions in the transactivation domain (tad) of e2, of arg37 and ile73, have been shown previously to impair the transcriptional activity of the protein but not its ability to support viral dna replication. to understand the biochemical basis of this defect, we have used the tads of a low-risk (hpv11) and a high-risk (hpv31) human p ...200717023018
comparison of cervical and blood t-cell responses to human papillomavirus-16 in women with human papillomavirus-associated cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.human papillomaviruses (hpvs) are obligate epithelial pathogens and typically cause localized mucosal infections. we therefore hypothesized that t-cell responses to hpv antigens would be greater at sites of pathology than in the blood. focusing on hpv-16 because of its association with cervical cancer, the magnitude of hpv-specific t-cell responses at the cervix was compared with those in the peripheral blood by intracellular cytokine staining following direct ex vivo stimulation with both virus ...200617026720
identification of susceptibility loci for cervical carcinoma by genome scan of affected sib-pairs.cervical cancer is caused by a combination of environmental and genetic risk factors. infection by oncogenic types of human papillomavirus is recognized as the major environmental risk factor and epidemiological studies indicate that host genetic factors predispose to disease development. a number of genetic susceptibility factors have been proposed, but with exception of the human leukocyte antigen chla, class ii, have not shown consistent results among studies. we have performed the first geno ...200617035246
specific therapies for human papilloma virus infections.human papillomavirus induces the hyperproliferation of epithelial cells, leading to a broad spectrum of human diseases, ranging from benign warts to malignant neoplasms, depending on the location of the lesion, the immune status of the patient and the type of human papillomavirus. current therapies for human papillomavirus-associated diseases are based on the excision or ablation of dysplastic or malignant tissue, and are associated with a high frequency of recurrent disease, discomfort and cost ...199817035751
recurrent respiratory papillomatosis causing chronic stridor and delayed speech in an 18-month-old boy.recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is a relatively uncommon disease that presents clinically with symptoms ranging from hoarseness to severe dyspnea. human papilloma virus types 6 and 11 are important in the etiology of papillomas and are most probably transmitted from mother to child during birth. although spontaneous remission is frequent, pulmonary spread and/or malignant transformation resulting in death has been reported. co2 laser evaporation of papillomas and adjuvant drug therapy using ...200617036092
combined human papillomavirus dna and human papillomavirus-like particle serologic assay to identify women at risk for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.the objective of this study was to assess the utility of a second generation human papillomavirus (hpv) virus-like particle (vlp)-based elisa as an adjunct to hpv dna testing to identify women at risk for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin). participants provided blood, cervical samples and interviewer-obtained questionnaire information. hpv vlps for types 16, 18, 33, 45 and 52 were produced using a baculovirus expression system. these highly purified vlps were used in a polymer- ...200717036320
immortalization of epstein-barr virus-negative human b lymphocytes with minimal chromosomal instability.the genes required for immortalization of human b cells infected by epstein-barr virus are multiple, and the precise mechanism of this process remains to be elucidated. in the present study hpv16 e6 and e7 were retrovirally transduced into human primary b cells stimulated by cd40-cd40l interaction, thereby establishing an epstein-barr virus negative immortalized human b cell line, which continued to proliferate for more than 2 years (100 population doublings). the established cell line had a hig ...200617040288
genital human papillomavirus types in immunocompetent and immunodepressed women in northeast italy: prevalence and cytomorphological correlations.we evaluated the prevalence of genital human papillomavirus (hpv) types in correlation with cytomorphological findings in patients at different risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia living in northeast italy.200117043556
using the new hpv vaccines in clinical practice.gardasil, a vaccine against human papillomavirus (hpv), recently became available in the united states for use in girls and women 9 to 26 years of age. a second hpv vaccine, cervarix, is under development. these vaccines constitute the most significant development in cervical cancer prevention in the last 60 years, having the potential to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer by up to 70%200617044318
hpv vaccination with gardasil: a breakthrough in women's health.human papillomavirus (hpv) represents one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. although infection is often self-limited, a percentage of women with hpv infection will go on to develop cervical precancerous or cancerous lesions. it is estimated that hpv16 is responsible for approximately half of all cervical cancers worldwide. several studies have tested vaccines directed against specific hpv types, namely types 6, 11, 16 and 18. this paper reviews these studies, particularly focus ...200617049018
detection of human cytomegalovirus dna in 986 women studied for human papillomavirus-associated cervical neoplasia.the aim of this study was to assess the association of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection with cervical histologic findings and possible interaction with human papillomavirus (hpv) infection.200317051067
participants at the asccp 2000 biennial meeting adhere to published guidelines in their management of atypical squamous cells and atypical glandular cells on pap test.to determine practice patterns of the american society for colposcopy and cervical pathology (asccp) 2000 biennial meeting participants for management of women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ascus) and atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (agus).200317051084
[human papilloma virus-induced disease in hiv-positive patients].since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart), opportunistic infections by bacteria and fungi have been reduced in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive patients. however, diseases caused by human papilloma virus (hpv) have become more frequent despite haart. there is an increased incidence of anal and cervical carcinomas, their precancerous lesions such as anal/cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and condylomas and oral warts. in order to prevent anal carcinomas, ...200617051407
synergy between cigarette smoking and human papillomavirus type 16 in cervical cancer in situ development.a majority of studies have implicated the involvement of cigarette smoking in cervical cancer development, although its mechanism of action remains unclear. we conducted a large population-based case-control study to address the potential interaction between smoking and human papillomavirus type 16 (hpv-16) in development of cervical cancer in situ (cis).200617057029
gadd45alpha does not modulate the carboplatin or 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis in human papillomavirus-positive cells.gadd45alpha is shown to be induced by a wide spectrum of dna-damaging agents and implicated in negative regulation of cell growth by causing g2-m arrest or induction of apoptosis. in the present study, we explored the involvement of p53 in the promoter activation of gadd45alpha as well as the role of gadd45alpha in carboplatin (carb) or 5-fluorouracil (5-fu)-induced apoptosis in human papillomavirus virus (hpv)-positive hep-2 and hela cells. we report that carb or 5-fu upregulate gadd45alpha and ...200717063488
impact of utilizing p16ink4a immunohistochemistry on estimated performance of three cervical cancer screening tests.the histopathological diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2,3 (cin 2,3) is subjective and prone to variability. in our study, we analyzed the impact of utilizing a biomarker (p16(ink4a)) together with histopathology to refine the "gold standard" utilized for evaluating the performance of 3 different cervical cancer screening tests: cervical cytology, human papillomavirus (hpv) dna testing and visual inspection with acetic acid (via). cervical biopsies from 2 south african cervi ...200717066437
noninfectious papilloma virus-like particles inhibit hiv-1 replication: implications for immune control of hiv-1 infection by il-27.human papilloma virus (hpv)-like particles (vlps) have been used as a vaccine to prevent hpv infection. recent studies demonstrate that vlps bind to dendritic cells and induce the expression of antiviral cytokines such as interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha), interleukin-10 (il-10) and ifn-gamma. in the present study, we evaluated the effect of vlps on hiv-1 replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs), cd4+ t cells, and macrophages. here, we show that vlps suppress the replication of both ...200717068156
hpv vaccine fights cervical cancer. 200617068872
hpv-18 e7 conjugates to c-myc and mediates its transcriptional activity.several reports in the literature have indicated that the e6 not only elevates the level of c-myc level but that the protein also associates with the myc complex and activates myc-responsive genes. there would seem to be a mechanism by which this oncogene can modulate cell proliferation and differentiation. furthermore, an increase in c-myc levels has also observed during ectopic expression of hpv e7 alone. using the yeast two-hybrid system, we further found that the c-myc interacts and forms a ...200717070091
prevalence of human papilloma virus infection in women in rural ethiopia.in ethiopia cervical carcinoma is the most frequent cancer in women. hpv infection is a prerequisite for this disease. however, to date there have been no data on human papilloma virus (hpv) prevalence in ethiopia. outpatients attending attat hospital in rural ethiopia were examined for the presence of hpv dna using the digene hpv test. 15.9% of patients were found to be hpv positive. the proportion of hpv high risk types was 13.2% [age-standardised rates: hpv: 14.4% (95% ci: 8.5-20.2); hpv high ...200617072541
risk of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin 2/3) or cancer during follow-up of human papillomavirus (hpv) infection or cin 1. 200617074542
comparison of the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a prophylactic quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, and 18) l1 virus-like particle vaccine in male and female adolescents and young adult women.prophylactic vaccination of 16- to 23-year-old females with a quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18) l1 virus-like particle vaccine has been shown to prevent type-specific human papillomavirus infection and associated clinical disease. we conducted a noninferiority immunogenicity study to bridge the efficacy findings in young women to preadolescent and adolescent girls and boys, who represent a primary target for human papillomavirus vaccination.200617079588
modified hpv16 e7/hsp70 dna vaccine with high safety and enhanced cellular immunity represses murine lung metastatic tumors with downregulated expression of mhc class i molecules.to explore whether the modified e7-hsp70, which has been introduced mutations in two zinc-binding motifs of e7, will eliminate its transformation potential and enhance the immunogenicity of fusion protein and repress e7 containing tumors with a low level of mhc-i molecules to lung metastatic in murine model.200717081598
human papillomavirus is commonly present in psoriatic skin and normal skin samples from healthy subjects. 200717081733
clinical update: human papillomavirus vaccine. 200617081944
meta-analysis of studies analyzing the relationship between bladder cancer and infection by human papillomavirus.studies have been done of the possibility that infection by human papillomavirus is a risk factor contributing to bladder cancer but no definite conclusions have yet been drawn. we performed a meta-analysis of observational studies published until july 2005 to ascertain the degree of association between bladder cancer and human papillomavirus infection.200617085133
latina college students' sexual health beliefs about human papillomavirus infection.to examine latina college students' sexual health beliefs about human papillomavirus (hpv), 16 self-identified latina college students from a large midwestern university participated in three focus groups. the authors found that participants' knowledge of hpv and cervical cancer was extremely low. women did not obtain pap screenings consistently, nor did they use condoms in a consistent manner. they perceived that cultural norms that support silence about sexual topics hinder their knowledge acq ...200617087529
human papillomavirus testing using hybrid capture ii with surepath collection: initial evaluation and longitudinal data provide clinical validation for this method.testing for human papillomavirus (hpv) is an integral part of equivocal cervical cytology triage. clinical validation of non-fda (food and drug administration)-approved methods is therefore important because of the high volume of such tests and the implications for missed high-grade lesions if test performance is not optimal.200617091508
[anti-hpv vaccination: preventing cervical cancer].two anti-hpv vaccine will soon be registered on the belgian market. providing immunity against the l1 protein of several oncogenic types of papilloma virus, they aim at protecting against cervical cancer and several precancerous lesions. it has been known for years that oncogenic hpv infection of the uterine cervix is a prerequisite to the development of cervical cancer. this is supported by epidemiological has well as biological observations. that is why vaccines against capsid protein of these ...200617091900
penile, urethral, and seminal sampling for diagnosis of human papillomavirus infection in men.methods that used specimens from three genital sites (penile brushing [pb], urethral brushing [ub], and the retrieval of semen [se]) from 50 men were examined for human papillomavirus (hpv) dna detection. the rates of detection by pb, ub, se, pb and ub, and pb and se were 88.9%, 50.0%, 33.3%, 100%, and 97.2%, respectively. the use of pb and ub appears to be the most accurate method; as an alternative to ub, the use of se with pb could be used to improve the rate of hpv dna detection in men.200717093029
risk of cervical cancer associated with chlamydia trachomatis antibodies by histology, hpv type and hpv cofactors.human papillomavirus (hpv) is the central etiologic factor for cervical cancer, and prior studies suggested c. trachomatis may act as an hpv cofactor. we examined the c. trachomatis-cervical cancer association by serotype, histology, hpv type in the tumor, and other hpv cofactors. we conducted a population-based study in the seattle-puget sound area of 302 women with invasive squamous cell carcinomas (scc), 185 women with adenocarcinomas of the cervix (ac), and 318 hpv seropositive control women ...200717096345
whole genome tiling path array cgh analysis of segmental copy number alterations in cervical cancer cell lines.cervical cancer is the second most common malignancy in women worldwide, with high risk subtypes of human papillomavirus (hpv) constituting the major etiological agent. however, only a small percentage of women infected by the virus develop disease, suggesting that additional host genetic alterations are necessary for disease progression. in this study we examined the genomes of a panel of commonly used model cervical cancer cell lines using a recently developed whole genome tiling path array fo ...200717096350
"sip volume" as a quality indicator in liquid-based cervical cytology.introduction of nonmicroscopic cervical screening techniques creates the potential for liquid-based cytology specimens to be sent for human papillomavirus (hpv) testing, automated screening, or other assays prior to microscopic quality assessment. it was hypothesized that the volumes required to prepare thinpreps ("sip volumes") represent indicators of specimen quality.200617096435
hypermethylation of two consecutive tumor suppressor genes, blu and rassf1a, located at 3p21.3 in cervical neoplasias.although initiated by human papillomavirus (hpv), cervical carcinogenesis demands other cofactors to shape its natural course. epigenetic effects such as dna methylation, are considered to contribute to carcinogenesis process.200717097722
the association between knowledge of hpv and feelings of stigma, shame and anxiety.to test the hypotheses that (1) women who know that human papillomavirus (hpv) is sexually transmitted will expect to experience higher levels of stigma, shame and anxiety if they test positive for the virus than women who are not aware of the mode of transmission and (2) women who are aware of the high prevalence of hpv infection will expect to experience lower levels of stigma, shame and anxiety than women who underestimate its prevalence.200717098767
pathogenmiper: a tool for the design of molecular inversion probes to detect multiple pathogens.here we describe pathogenmiper, a software program for designing molecular inversion probe (mip) oligonucleotides for use in pathogen identification and detection. the software designs unique and specific oligonucleotide probes targeting microbial or other genomes. the tool tailors all probe sequence components (including target-specific sequences, barcode sequences, universal primers and restriction sites) and combines these components into ready-to-order probes for use in a mip assay. the syst ...200617105657
persistent human papillomavirus infection is associated with a generalized decrease in immune responsiveness in older women.the development of cervical cancer and its precursors are linked to persistent infection with oncogenic types of human papillomavirus (hpv). host immune responses seem to be determinants of risk for this disease. however, little is known about the immunologic determinants of hpv persistence. here, we examined the association between lymphoproliferative responses to antigens/mitogens and persistent hpv infection in women older than 45 years. women included in this study were participants in a 10, ...200617108147
human papillomaviruses in oral squamous cell carcinoma and pre-cancerous lesions detected by pcr-based gene-chip array.human papillomavirus (hpv) infection is a significant risk factor for uterine cervical carcinoma. many studies have also demonstrated the presence of hpv in oral epithelia tissue, but the role of hpv infection in oral squamous cell carcinoma (oscc) is still controversial. the aim of this study was to determine the frequency and type of hpv in oscc and oral pre-cancerous lesions. dna samples were collected by cytobrushing from 51 patients with oscc, 46 with oral pre-cancerous lesions and 90 norma ...200717110084
genital human papillomavirus-associated (pre-) malignant skin diseases drastically increase in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy for hiv infection. 200617110234
high-risk human papillomavirus type 16 e7 oncogene associates with cdc25a over-expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma.cells expressing high-risk human papillomavirus (hpv) e7 protein display impaired checkpoint control after dna damage and exhibit elevated rates of mutagenesis. repression of hpv e7 expression results in the subsequent accumulation of hypophosphorylated retinoblastoma protein and repression of the cdc25a genes. no study has been conducted to elucidate the role of cdc25a in the development and progression of human oral carcinomas. to confirm cdc25a protein expression together with hpv, immunohist ...200717111124
cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition attenuates antibody responses against human papillomavirus-like particles.vaccination to generate protective humoral immunity against infectious disease is becoming increasingly important due to emerging strains of virus, poorly immunogenic vaccines, and the threat of bioterrorism. we demonstrate that cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) is crucial for optimal ab responses to a model vaccine, human papillomavirus type 16 virus-like particles (hpv 16 vlps). cox-2-deficient mice produce 70% less igg, 50% fewer ab-secreting cells, and 10-fold less neutralizing ab to hpv 16 vlp vacci ...200617114452
high sustained efficacy of a prophylactic quadrivalent human papillomavirus types 6/11/16/18 l1 virus-like particle vaccine through 5 years of follow-up.human papillomavirus (hpv) causes cervical, vulvar, and vaginal cancers, precancerous dysplasia, and genital warts. we report data for the longest efficacy evaluation to date of a prophylactic hpv vaccine. in total, 552 women (16-23 years) were enrolled in a randomised, placebo-controlled study of a quadrivalent hpv 6/11/16/18 l1 virus-like-particle vaccine with vaccination at months 0, 2, and 6. at regular intervals through 3 years, subjects underwent gynaecologic examination, cervicovaginal sa ...200617117182
reproductive factors, oral contraceptive use, and human papillomavirus infection: pooled analysis of the iarc hpv prevalence surveys.high parity, early age at first full-term pregnancy (ftp), and long-term oral contraceptive (oc) use increase cervical cancer risk, but it is unclear whether these variables are also associated with increased risk of acquisition and persistence of human papillomavirus (hpv) infection, the main cause of cervical cancer. information on reproductive and menstrual characteristics and oc use were collected from 14 areas worldwide, among population-based, age-stratified random samples of women aged 15 ...200617119039
prospective evaluation of the hybrid capture 2 and amplicor human papillomavirus (hpv) tests for detection of 13 high-risk hpv genotypes in atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance.the use of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrhpv) testing as an adjunct to cervical cytology in population-based screening programs is currently based on dna hybridization and pcr assays. the aim of this study was to prospectively assess the diagnostic performance of the hybrid capture 2 test (hc2; digene corporation) in comparison with that of the recently developed pcr-based amplicor hpv test (roche molecular systems) for the detection of 13 hrhpv types. a reverse line blot hybridization assay ...200717122007
multiple cd4 and cd8 t-cell activation parameters predict vaccine efficacy in vivo mediated by individual dc-activating agonists.a systematic comparison of the immunostimulatory capacity of tlr 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 9 agonists and an agonistic cd40-specific antibody was performed in a single long peptide vaccination model. all adjuvants activated dc in vitro but not all induced a strong functional t-cell response in vivo. optimal clonal cd8(+) t-cell expansion depended on the capacity of agonists to mature pro-inflammatory dc and the duration of their in vivo stimulatory effect. strong agonists promoted the induction of both ...200717123670
human papillomavirus (hpv) types 101 and 103 isolated from cervicovaginal cells lack an e6 open reading frame (orf) and are related to gamma-papillomaviruses.complete genomes of hpv101 and hpv103 were pcr amplified and cloned from cervicovaginal cells of a 34-year-old female with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (cin 3) and a 30-year-old female with a normal pap test, respectively. hpv101 and hpv103 contain 4 early genes (e7, e1, e2, and e4) and 2 late genes (l2 and l1), but both lack the canonical e6 orf. pairwise alignment similarity of the l1 orf nucleotide sequences of hpv101 and hpv103 indicated that they are at least 30% dissimilar to ...200717125811
prevalence of human papillomavirus in skin tumors from repair deficient xeroderma pigmentosum patients.the predisposition to skin cancers in childhood is the hallmark of xeroderma pigmentosum (xp), a rare autosomal recessive disorder, deficient in dna repair and hypersensitive to ultraviolet irradiation. human papillomavirus (hpvs), are common infections of the skin which are often found associated to benign lesions and non-melanoma skin cancers (nmsc), mainly squamous cell carcinomas (scc) and basal cell carcinomas (bcc). our study is the first to analyse 40 sccs, 27 bccs and nine normal skin bi ...200717126994
hpv16 e6 confers p53-dependent and p53-independent phenotypes in the epidermis of mice deficient for e6ap.high-risk human papillomaviruses are the causative agents of cervical and other anogenital cancers. in these cancers, two viral oncogenes, e6 and e7, are expressed. e6 is best known for its ability to inactivate the tumor suppressor p53, which is thought to arise through ubiquitin-mediated degradation of p53 and involve a ternary complex between e6, p53 and the e3 ligase, e6ap. in mice transgenic for wild-type hpv16 e6, its expression leads to epithelial hyperplasia and an abrogation of normal c ...200717130828
human papilloma virus in hyperplastic tonsillar and adenoid tissues in children.human papillomavirus (hpv) in childhood causes skin and anogenital warts as well as the recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, a life-threatening cause of upper airway obstruction in children. to date, the information on hpv infection in tonsillar and adenoid hyperplasia in children is limited.200617133162
gateways to clinical trials.gateways to clinical trials are a guide to the most recent clinical trials in current literature and congresses. the data the following tables have been retrieved from the clinical trials knowledge area of prous science integrity, the drug discovery and development portal, http://integrity.prous.com. this issues focuses on the following selection of drugs: (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, (-)-gossypol, 2-deoxyglucose, 3,4-dap, 7-monohydroxyethylrutoside; ad5cmv-p53, adalimumab, adefovir dipivoxil, ...200617136234
inhibition of growth of cervical cancer cells using a dominant negative estrogen receptor gene.estrogen stimulates human papilloma virus oncogene expression, promotes cervical cancer (cc) cell proliferation and prevents apoptosis. therefore, blockage of estrogen function may have therapeutic application to cc.200717137618
development of a non-denaturing electrophoresis system for characterization of neutralizing epitopes on hpv virus-like particles.the precise structure of the hpv16 major neutralizing epitope recognized by h16.v5 monoclonal antibody is unknown. this paper describes a novel polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) for separation of hpv virus-like particles (vlps) using cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (ctac) as a solubilizing agent. ctac page employs koh/ch3co2h (ph 4-5.4) as a buffer system, k+ as the leading ion and 3-aminopropionic acid as a trailing ion. the unique characteristics of a cationic electrophoresis system al ...200717137641
cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in adolescent women: incidence and treatment outcomes.we sought to estimate the incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) and treatment outcomes in adolescents with abnormal cytology.200617138768
[who is to be vaccinated against cervix cancer and when? proposal to counseling points]. 200617140172
role of hormone cofactors in the human papillomavirus-induced carcinogenesis of the uterine cervix.if human papillomavirus (hpv) is necessary for the development of (pre)neoplastic lesions of the uterine cervix, it is not sufficient. among the cofactors involved in the malignant transformation of cells infected by hpv, sex hormones may facilitate the cervical carcinogenesis by different mechanisms, including the induction of squamous metaplasia in the transformation zone of the cervix, interactions between steroid hormones and hpv gene expression and alterations of the local immune microenvir ...200717145130
vaccination of healthy volunteers with human papillomavirus type 16 l2e7e6 fusion protein induces serum antibody that neutralizes across papillomavirus species.oncogenic human papillomavirus (hpv) infection is a necessary cause of cervical cancer. therefore, vaccination to prevent or eliminate hpv infection could reduce the incidence of cervical cancer. a fusion protein comprising hpv16 l2, e6, and e7 is a candidate combination preventive and therapeutic hpv vaccine. the l1- and l2-specific and neutralizing serum antibody titers and peripheral blood mononucleocyte antigen-specific proliferative responses generated by vaccination thrice at monthly inter ...200617145854
estimating the long-term impact of a prophylactic human papillomavirus 16/18 vaccine on the burden of cervical cancer in the uk.to predict the public health impact on cervical disease by introducing human papillomavirus (hpv) vaccination in the united kingdom, we developed a mathematical model that can be used to reflect the impact of vaccination in different countries with existing screening programmes. its use is discussed in the context of the united kingdom. the model was calibrated with published data. the impact of vaccination on cervical cancer and deaths, precancerous lesions and screening outcomes were estimated ...200717146475
age-specific detection of high risk hpv dna in cytologically normal, computer-imaged thinprep pap samples.recent cervical cancer screening guidelines for women over age 30 seek to improve the sensitivity of cytology by incorporating high-risk (hr) human papillomavirus (hpv) dna testing into the screening algorithm, a recommendation based largely on data that utilized the conventional pap smear and were not stratified by patient age. data on the rate of hr hpv among women over age 30 undergoing liquid-based pap test screening are limited. the objective of this study was to determine the rate of hr hp ...200717150245
combined surgery and chemoradiation as a treatment for the buschke-löwenstein tumour.the buschke-löwenstein tumour (blt) or giant condyloma acuminata is a rare disease which affects the anogenital region. although histologically benign, it behaves in a malignant fashion, infiltrating the surrounding tissues. the morbidity and mortality from this tumour is high, as is the risk of recurrence following treatment. it lies on the continuum between the benign condylomata acuminata and squamous cell carcinoma. the human papillomavirus is implicated in its aetiology. treatment is contro ...200617152203
depressive symptoms, intrusive thoughts, sleep quality and sexual quality of life in women co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus and human papillomavirus.women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) experience major challenges and often report marked decreases in sexual functioning and quality of life (qol). hiv-infected women also face challenges concerned with other commonly observed concomitant sexually transmitted organisms, such as human papillomavirus (hpv), which may further affect sexual qol. despite advances made in understanding factors that predict sexual functioning and qol in men with hiv, relatively little is understood ab ...200517152452
the nucleotide analog cidofovir suppresses basic fibroblast growth factor (fgf2) expression and signaling and induces apoptosis in fgf2-overexpressing endothelial cells.cidofovir [(s)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine; (s)-hpmpc] is an antiviral drug that has been approved for the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with aids. cidofovir also possesses potent activity against human papillomavirus-induced tumors in animal models and patients. we have recently shown that cidofovir inhibits the development of vascular tumors induced by basic fibroblast growth factor (fgf2)-overexpressing endothelial cells (fgf2-t-mae) in mice. here, we ...200717158200
analysis of molecular biology techniques for the diagnosis of human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer prevention.the objective of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of molecular methodologies to access human papillomavirus genome in the genital tract. samples from 136 women aged 17 to 52 years old obtained from the dr. sérgio franco laboratories between 2000 and 2001, were analyzed by the hybrid capture assay and amplified by pcr with generic primers my09/my11 and specific primers for types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 58. viral genome was detected in 71.3% of the samples by hybrid capture and 75% by ...200617160318
human papillomavirus in normal conjunctival tissue and in conjunctival papilloma: types and frequencies in a large series.to examine conjunctival papilloma and normal conjunctival tissue for the presence of human papillomavirus (hpv).200717166894
an overview of innovative techniques to improve cervical cancer screening.although current cytomorphology-based cervical cancer screening has reduced the incidence of cervical cancer, pap-smears are associated with high false positive and false negative rates. this has spurred the search for new technologies to improve current screening. new methodologies are automation of pap-smear analysis, addition of new biological or molecular markers to traditional cytology or using these new markers to replace the current screening method. in this overview we will summarize dat ...200617167177
test characteristics of various screening modalities for cervical cancer: a feasibility study to develop an alternative strategy for resource-limited settings.to determine test characteristics - sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values - of different screening modalities to detect cervical precancerous and cancerous lesions in order to devise an effective alternative strategy for cervical cancer screening in resource-poor settings.200617168917
antibody recognition of a flexible epitope at the dna binding site of the human papillomavirus transcriptional regulator e2.we have obtained a monoclonal antibody (ed15) against the c-terminal dna-binding domain of the high-risk human papillomavirus strain-16 e2 protein that strongly interferes with its dna-binding activity. we here characterize the recognition mechanism of this antibody and find that the ed15-e2 interaction has a strong electrostatic component, which correlates with the high proportion of acidic residues found in the antibody combining site. further circular dichroism experiments in the presence of ...200617176073
analysis of p53 codon 72 polymorphism and its association with human papillomavirus 16 and 18 e6 in chinese cervical lesions.the aim of this study was to analysis the relationship between p53 codon 72 polymorphism with human papillomavirus (hpv) 16 and 18 e6 in chinese cervical cancer. a total of 81 cervical squamous cancer (specimens of g1, g2, and g3 are 13, 24, and 44, respectively; and of stage ib, iia, iib, and iiia are 15, 37, 24, and 5, respectively), 18 cervical adenocarcinoma, 88 cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (cin) (specimens of cin ii and iii are 30 and 58), and 60 normal cervical specimens were included ...200617177838
the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase-2, and cyclooxygenase-2 in relation to human papilloma viral load and persistence of human papillomavirus after conization with negative margins.the aim of this study was to investigate the correlations between human papillomavirus (hpv) load and vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf), epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (mmp-2), and cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2), and to identify biomarkers that may predict high-risk hpv clearance or persistence after conization with negative margins. the following samples were analyzed: 77 paraffin-embedded specimens from patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (ci ...200617177839
organotypic co-cultures allow for immortalized human gingival keratinocytes to reconstitute a gingival epithelial phenotype in vitro.we report here that the organotypic co-culture (occ) system allows for significant preservation of the tissue-specific phenotype of human gingival keratinocytes (ihgk) immortalized with the e6/e7 gene of the human papillomavirus type 16 (hpv16). the approach adopted is based on the occ system facilitating spatially separated cell growth and cell-to-cell interactions via diffusible growth factors. generally, ihgk reveal transcription of the hpv16 e6/e7 gene at rising passages. fluorescence in sit ...200617177858
human papillomavirus and prognosis of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: implications for clinical research in head and neck cancers. 200617179099
nkim-6, a new immortalized human brain capillary endothelial cell line with conserved endothelial characteristics.primary human brain capillary endothelial cells (hbcecs) are available only in small quantities and have a short life span in vitro; this restricts their use as in vitro model for the blood-brain barrier (bbb). to overcome these limitations, we have established an immortalized hbcec line (nkim-6) by transfection with plxsn16e6e7, which encodes the human papillomavirus type 16 e6 and e7 genes. the cell line exhibits an extended life span in vitro and retains its characteristic endothelial morphol ...200717180596
high-risk human papillomavirus, tumor suppressor protein p53 and mitomycin-c in invasive squamous cell carcinoma cervix.clinical data relating to human papillomavirus (hpv) infection and p53 status in cervical cancer has been sparse and confusing.200617192686
distribution and viral load of eight oncogenic types of human papillomavirus (hpv) and hpv 16 integration status in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma.current human papillomavirus (hpv) dna testing using pooled probes, although sensitive, lacks specificity in predicting the risk of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin 2/3) progression. to evaluate selected hpv genotyping, viral load, and viral integration status as potential predictive markers for cin progression, we performed hpv genotyping in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cervical tissue with cervical carcinoma (29 cases) and cins (cin 1, 27 cases; cin 2, 28 cases; cin 3, 3 ...200717192787
distribution of hpv genotypes in 282 women with cervical lesions: evidence for three categories of intraepithelial lesions based on morphology and hpv type.previously we found differences in the distribution of the individual human papillomavirus types in cervical cancers and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. this suggested that there were differences in risk for progression of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions that were related to human papillomavirus type within the category of oncogenic genotypes. in this work, we add additional cases including low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. thinprep samples from 282 squamous in ...200717192793
autoclave sterilization of instruments used on women with cervical neoplasia is an effective method of eradicating residual human papillomavirus dna: a polymerase chain reaction-based evaluation.to determine whether autoclave sterilization eradicates human papillomavirus (hpv) dna on specula and instruments used to treat women with cervical neoplasia.200717194945
an immunohistochemical study of cd1a and cd83-positive infiltrating dendritic cell density in cervical neoplasia.cervical carcinoma is the second leading cancer in women in malaysia, after breast cancer. human papillomavirus (hpv) has been implicated in the development of dysplasia or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and progression to squamous cell carcinoma. because of the confinement of the human papillomavirus infection within the epithelial layer, the presence of dentritic cells or langerhans cells in epithelial layer of the ectocervix is paramount in producing immune response. the mature dentritic ...200717197902
high human papillomavirus oncogene mrna expression and not viral dna load is associated with poor prognosis in cervical cancer patients.cervical cancer is now known to be caused by infection with an oncogenic type of the human papillomavirus (hpv). however, little is known about the continued role of hpv once cancer has been established. here, we describe the quantitative relation between hpv dna copy number and mrna expression of the viral oncogenes (e6 and e7) and the prognostic value of both measures in cervical cancer patients.200717200347
prevalence of human papillomavirus genotypes and their variants in high risk west africa women immigrants in south italy.the distribution of human papillomaviruses (hpvs) varies greatly across populations and hpv surveys have been performed in different geographical regions in order to apply appropriate vaccine strategies. little information, however, exists regarding hpv genotypes distribution in immigrant women from countries at high incidence for cervical cancer. the aim of this study was to determine the spectrum of hpvs and their variants among hiv-positive and hiv-negative women immigrants in south italy mai ...200717201927
lifetime cigarette smoke and second-hand smoke and cervical intraepithelial neoplasm--a community-based case-control study.both active cigarette smoking and human papillomavirus (hpv) infection are known risk factors for cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (cin). the association between second-hand smoke (shs) and cin has not been conclusively determined. we conducted a community-based case-control study to estimate the relationship between shs and cin.200717204311
structure-based engineering of papillomavirus major capsid l1: controlling particle assembly.the outer shell of the papillomavirus particle is comprised of 72 pentamers of the major capsid l1 protein arranged on a t = 7 icosahedral lattice. the recombinant l1 can form t = 7 virus-like particles in vitro. the crystal structure of a t = 7 papilloma virion has not yet been determined; however, the crystal structure of a t = 1 particle containing 12 pentamers is known. the t = 1 structure reveals that helix-helix interactions, through three helices-h2, h3, and h4-near the c-terminus of l1, ...200717210082
comparable strategies needed to evaluate human papillomavirus vaccine efficiency across europe. 200617213557
oral contraceptives are not an independent risk factor for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or high-risk human papillomavirus infections.oral contraception (oc) has been proclaimed by the iarc as a risk factor of cervical cancer (cc), on prolonged use by high-risk human papillomavirus (hpv) positive women. however, the available data are far from complete, and more evidence is necessary on the potential confounding effects of sexual behavior and hpv infection. the aim of the present was study to analyse the risk estimates for oc users in order to develop several intermediate end-point markers in cervical carcinogenesis.200617214333
changes of epidermodysplasia verruciformis in benign skin lesions: the ev acanthoma.foci of histological changes of epidermodysplasia verruciformis (ev) were noted in five benign skin lesions. these skin lesions included an intradermal nevus, a pigmented seborrheic keratosis, an isolated papule on the forearm, a perianal lesion, and an acantholytic acanthoma. because the changes resembled true ev so strongly despite the absence of clinical ev in these patients, we searched for ev-human papilloma virus (hpv) types in these skin lesions. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) analysis o ...200717214854
public awareness of human papillomavirus.the main objective of this study was to review the evidence relating to the level of awareness of human papillomavirus (hpv) in the general population and the implications for the potential introduction of hpv vaccination and hpv testing as part of screening.200617217610
human papillomavirus testing and molecular markers of cervical dysplasia and carcinoma.cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. human papillomavirus (hpv) is the etiologic agent for the vast majority of premalignant and malignant lesions, and high-risk hpv types can be detected in almost all cases of cervical dysplasia and carcinoma. hpv testing has been widely adopted for the triage of patients after a cervical cytology screening test (papanicolaou smear or liquid-based cervical cytology such as thinprep or surepath) interpretation of atypical squamous ...200717219448
type-specific persistence of high-risk human papillomavirus infections in the new independent states of the former soviet union cohort study.prospective follow-up studies have recently suggested that persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (hpv) infections play a key role in the progression of cin lesions and in the development of cervical cancer. however, data on type-specific persistence, viral integration, and the role of multiple infections are scanty.200717220327
global dna methylation level in whole blood as a biomarker in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (hnscc) is commonly associated with tobacco and alcohol exposures, although dietary factors, particularly folate, and human papillomavirus, are also risk factors. epigenetic alterations are increasingly implicated in the initiation and progression of cancer. genome-wide (global) hypomethylation seems to occur in early neoplasia and is a feature of genomic dna derived from solid tumor tissues, including hnscc. this study aimed to determine whether global meth ...200717220338
binding and neutralization efficiencies of monoclonal antibodies, fab fragments, and scfv specific for l1 epitopes on the capsid of infectious hpv particles.we compared the neutralization abilities of individual monoclonal antibodies (mab) of two large panels reactive with l1 epitopes of hpv-11 or hpv-16. binding titers were compared using both l1-only vlps and l1/l2 pseudovirions. while the vlps were antigenically similar to the pseudovirions, clear differences in the surface exposure of some epitopes were evident with the hpv-16 particles. to determine whether all antibody binding events are equivalent in their neutralizing effect on infectious hp ...200717222883
egfr mutations and human papillomavirus in squamous cell carcinoma of tongue and tonsil.this study was performed to determine the clinical significance of mutations in the egfr (epidermal growth factor receptor) along with their association with human papillomavirus (hpv) infections in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (hnscc). exons 18-21 of the egfr tyrosine kinase domain were sequenced and hpv typing was carried out using the hpv dna chip in tissues obtained from patients with tongue and tonsil cancer. univariate and multivariate analyses were used to id ...200717224267
cervical and oral cancer screening in india.incidence of both cervical and oral cancer are high in india. although there are no organized cervical or oral screening programmes in the country, a number of research projects are ongoing or recently completed. in cervical screening, a number of studies of visual inspection with various aids and studies of human papillomavirus (hpv) testing are in progress. long-term follow-up of these will inform policy on cervical screening in limited resource countries. a randomized trial of oral visual ins ...200617227640
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