Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| a rapid microassay for detecting antibodies against poliovirus based on [14c]thymidine uptake of treated cell cultures. | dna synthesis of mammalian cells propagated in microplates can easily be measured if cell cultures incubated with [14c]thymidine are harvested on the glass fibre filters by a semiautomatic harvesting technique. soon after infection with poliovirus, [14c]thymidine uptake of u cells (established, human amniotic cell line) is inhibited. this inhibition can be prevented by previous virus neutralization with antibody. based on this effect a rapid, precise assay method was set up to determine neutrali ... | 1977 | 198477 |
| antigenic variation of poliovirus caused by antibody components with different specificities. | the possible role of antibody as a selective pressure on antigenic mutants of poliovirus in nature was investigated in vitro. a mutant resistant to a monospecific antibody with a definite specificity was readily obtained by several cycles of neutralization of mahoney strain with a monospecific antibody and multiplication in monkey kidney (ms) cells. mutants resistant to more than two different monospecific antibodies were also readily obtained in a similar manner. studies on the antigenicity of ... | 1977 | 198635 |
| biological properties of poliovirus encapsulated in lipid vesicles: antibody resistance and infectivity in virus-resistant cells. | we present evidence that poliovirus can be encapsulated in synthetic large phospholipid vesicles. the virus associated with the vesicles is found to be (i) resistant to antiserum against poliovirus and (ii) infectious for cells that are normally resistant to virus infection because of a membrane restriction. our interpretation of these results is that the virus is entrapped in the interior aqueous space of the vesicles and that this vesicle-associated virus is introduced directly into the cytopl ... | 1977 | 198787 |
| poliovirus-specific primer-dependent rna polymerase able to copy poly(a). | a template-dependent rna polymerase has been isolated from poliovirus-infected cells by assaying for the ability of the enzyme to copy poly(a) complexed to an oligo(u) primer. the polymerase was solubilized with detergent, and rna was removed by precipitation with 2 m licl. the solubilized polymerase required both poly(a) and oligo(u) for activity and was stimulated by mg2+ but was inhibited by mn2+. poly(a)-oligo(u)-dependent poly(u) polymerase was not found in extracts of hela cells until abou ... | 1977 | 198796 |
| medical research in kenya. i. virology. | 1977 | 198920 | |
| dissociation and reassociation of poliovirus. ii. protein components obtained by urea treatment of the virus particle. | dissociation of poliovirus by 9 m urea in 0.015 m nacl at 25 degrees c resulted in the liberation of 35s rna and of polypeptides sedimenting at 2s in sucrose gradients containing 9 m urea. however, a ribonucleopolypeptide (rnpp) complex sedimenting at 45s and oligomers of the viral polypeptides sedimenting at 7--8s were found in addition to the monomers sedimenting at 2s when the urea concentration was lowered to 5 m after the dissociation procedure. ribonuclease treatment prevents the appearanc ... | 1977 | 198990 |
| [precipitation antibodies against poliovirus in patients with poliomyelitis]. | sera from 26 children bearing poliomyelitis caused by virus tipe i and from 47 cases with paralysis of different etiology (non-poliomyelitic) were tested against antigen of poliovirus types i, ii and iii with an agar-immunoprecipitation reaction. all sera with neutralizing antibodies with titres of 1:1250 gave positive results in immunodifusion tests. the percentage of positiveness decrease with lower titres. no false positive reactions were found. immunodiffusion test with antigens of polioviru ... | 1977 | 199122 |
| [early effect of poliomyelitis virus on 5'-nucleotidase activity in hela cells]. | one of the earlier effects of poliovirus was the maintaining of a high level of hela cells 5'-nucleotidase activity (maximal efficiency for a virus/cell ratio = 500 id 50/cell) (id50:50% infections dose). the activity decreased when cells were suspended in the presence of edta(edta:ethylene diamine tetracetic acid) and was partially restored by adding 10 mm mg++ interactions are discussed. | 1977 | 199374 |
| review of enterovirus studies in east africa. | 1977 | 199414 | |
| involvement of viral procapsid in the rna synthesis and maturation of poliovirus. | 1977 | 199991 | |
| the behaviour of sabin attenuated poliovirus strains in the central nervous system of rhesus monkeys. | 1977 | 200628 | |
| use of a mathematical model for neurovirulence assay of attenuated poliovirus. | 1977 | 200629 | |
| unusual attachment behavior exhibited by a urea-resistant mutant of poliovirus type 1. | 2003 | 201087 | |
| [importance of the results of a virological examination of sewage. a quantitative evaluation of the finding of enteroviruses in sewage]. | in order to evaluate quantitatively the effectiveness of virological examinations of sewage, a labeled virus in a dose of 7.5x10(9) pfu was introduced into the canalization system of a community. such an amount of virus could be found in the canalization system if 5--10% of the residents would excrete it simultaneously. the labeled virus was selectively detected in the community sewage. this procedure has demonstrated that the routine methods for sewage collection, specimen treatment, and virus ... | 1977 | 201104 |
| inactivation of enteric viruses in wastewater sludge through dewatering by evaporation. | the effect of dewatering on the inactivation rates of enteric viruses in sludge was determined. for this study, water was evaporated from seeded raw sludge at 21 degrees c, and the loss of viral plaque-forming units was measured. initial results with poliovirus showed that recoverable infectivity gradually decreased with the loss of water until the solids content reached about 65%. when the solids content was increased from 65 to 83%, a further, more dramatic decrease in virus titer of greater t ... | 1977 | 201215 |
| evolution of poliovirus since introduction of attenuated vaccine. | 1977 | 201332 | |
| the viral etiology of acute respiratory infections in children in uganda. | the role of viruses in respiratory diseases of young children in uganda was studied. a viral etiology was established in 36% of the infections investigated. the most important pathogens were found to be respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza viruses, which were responsible for 26% of infections investigated. they caused both upper and lower respiratory tract diseases. there was little or no seasonal variation in the etiology of these infections. adenoviruses were found to be less importan ... | 1977 | 201391 |
| replication of poliovirus (lsc 2 ab) in perfused cultures of mrc-5 diploid cells. | application of a new perfusion culture system to the propagation of poliovirus type 1 (lsc 2 ab) in mrc-5 cells is described. virus production was compared in perfused and stationary cultures of cells at the 26th to 30th population doubling. yield of virus per cell and unit growth surface area were found to be consistently higher in the perfused system by factors of three to five fold respectively. the influence of experimental conditions on these results and the potential of perfusion for large ... | 1976 | 201522 |
| relative sensitivity of three cell substrates to the sabin poliovirus strains. | poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3 (sabin strains) were titrated using microtissue culture plates in three different cell substrates: hep 2c, vero and mrc-5 human diploid cells. each type of poliovirus was titrated 60 times. the virus dilutions were inoculated in the three cell substrates and the titres (tcid50/ml) calculated by the spearman-kärber method. the results were analyzed by the u-test (mann and whitney procedure) in a wang 600 computer. for poliovirus type 1 the differences in titres observe ... | 1976 | 201523 |
| photochemical inhibition of poliovirus replication by 4,5',8-trimethylpsoralen plus light. | poliovirus replication in hela cells is significantly inhibited by a 30-min pulse of infected cells with 4,5',8-trimethylpsoralen plus long wavelength ultraviolet light. when infected cells are exposed to psoralen plus light during peak viral rna synthesis, formation of virus-specific rnas is inhibited. viral rna species, formed in vivo in the presence of, or treated in vitro with, psoralen plus light, appear to have become degraded when analyzed by sedimentation in sucrose-dimethyl sulfoxide gr ... | 1978 | 201583 |
| application of photodynamic oxidation to the disinfection of tapwater, seawater, and sewage contaminated with poliovirus. | 1994 | 201951 | |
| virus production with a newly developed microcarrier system. | primary cell cultures as well as established lines have been grown on a recently developed microcarrier configuration that overcomes the problem of toxicity attendant on earlier developments in this technology. virus yields from these cells propagated on the new microcarriers have been measured. microcarrier-grown cells, when compared to roller-bottle-grown cells, gave virus yields on a per-cell basis that varied from slightly greater with the sindbis virus-chinese hamster ovary cells and polio- ... | 1977 | 202193 |
| development of poliovirus having increased resistance to chlorine inactivation. | a laboratory strain of poliovirus (lsc) became progressively more resistant to chlorine inactivation during a series of repeated sublethal exposures to the halogen. | 1977 | 202195 |
| immune status of children of immigrants to poliomyelitis. | four ethnic groups of children from the glasgow area--155 asians, 85 africans, 85 chinese, and 93 scots--were examined for neutralising to poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3. only seven of the 418 children had no detectable antibody, and of these, four were aged less than 7 months; none had received polio vaccine. the best-protected children were the chinese (93% with antibody to all three poliovirus types), followed by the african (81%), scottish (78%), and asian children (77%). we conclude that chil ... | 1978 | 202366 |
| poliomyelitis: epidemiology and prophylaxis. 4. serological and virological surveys conducted after a mass vaccination campaign for the control of a threatening poliomyelitis epidemic. | in 1973, a type 1 poliomyelitis epidemic in kenya was curtailed at an early stage by two mass distributions of trivalent oral vaccine. it was considered useful to know the immunity status of the child population that had resulted from the vaccine distributions and that had presumably contributed to its control. we also wished to know to what extent wild and vaccine virus strains were in circulation after the mass vaccination campaign. anal swabs and blood were collected from a sample of the chil ... | 1977 | 202417 |
| a simple method for concentration of enteroviruses and rotaviruses from cell culture harvests using membrane filters. | organic compounds in cell culture harvests known as membrane-coating components (mcc) prevent virus adsorption to membrane filters. blending cell culture harvests with fluorocarbon removed the mcc and permitted adsorption of virus in acidified harvests to epoxy-fiberglass filters. subsequent elution with high ph buffer resulted in recovery of greater than 90% of the virus with concentrations of up to 100-fold. | 1978 | 202572 |
| isoelectric focusing of viral polypeptides in urea. a methodological study on poliovirus. | the applicability of isoelectric focusing in urea to the analysis of viral polypeptides is reported, using poliovirus as a model. experimental techniques for the dissociation of virus particles, for isoelectric focusing in urea-containing polyacrylamide gels (rods, flat bed and slab gels) and for ph measurement and two-dimensional analysis are described and their results, as applied to poliovirus polypeptides, discussed. special attention is given to problems of recovery of all of the proteins a ... | 1978 | 202609 |
| endoribonuclease activity associated with animal rna viruses. | a specific endoribonucleolytic activity was detected when detergent-lysed vesicular stomatitis of sendai virus was incubated with the precursor to escherichia coli trna tyr. the cleavage products produced and the characteristics of the reaction were similar to those previously reported for human kb cell rnase nu. like rnase nu, the virus-associated reaction generates 5'-hydroxyl and 3'-phosphate groups at the cleavage sites. at protein concentrations similar to those used to test vesicular stoma ... | 1978 | 202740 |
| the 5'-terminal structures of poliovirion rna and poliovirus mrna differ only in the genome-linked protein vpg. | the 5'-terminal, rnase t1-resistant oligonucleotide of poliovirus mrna has been isolated. its sequence is pu-u-a-a-a-a-c-a-gp, which is identical to that of virion rna except that the genome-linked protein vpg is absent [nomoto, a., detjen, b., pozzatti, r. & wimmer, e. (1977) nature 268, 208-213]. because all newly synthesized viral rnas are vpg-linked, we propose that vpg is cleaved from progeny rna at the linkage between protein and nucleic acid prior to polyribosome formation. this may repre ... | 1977 | 202952 |
| [stimulation of mouse encephalomyocarditis virus reproduction by non-multiplying poliomyelitis virus in several transplantable tissue culture lines]. | reproduction of mouse encephalomyocarditis virus (emc) was studied in 5 continuous primate cell lines: hela, fl, detroit-6, p/7, and mio inoculated with guanidine-dependent variant of poliomyelitis virus in the absence of guanidine. poliomyelitis virus stimulated emc virus reproduction in all cell lines under study. this stimulation effect was studied at length in hela and mio cells. in hela cells, stimulation was observed at a low and moderate multiplicity of infection of emc virus but not at a ... | 1977 | 203116 |
| protein kinase activity of polysome-ribosome preparations from poliovirus infected cells. | 1978 | 203283 | |
| rd cells in the laboratory diagnosis of enteroviruses. | it is shown that, in addition to the already known replication of coxsackie a viruses, 16 out of 18 different types of echo viruses tested as well as all three types of polioviruses can also be grown in rd cells with the development of a pronounced cpe. one of the exceptions, echo virus type 16, can be propagated in either hel or hfdk cells and the other, echo virus type 22, in vero cells. these four permanent or semi-permanent cell cultures thus prove very useful for the isolation of most of th ... | 1977 | 203835 |
| [indicators of immunity in children vaccinated with live poliomyelitis vaccine]. | serological examination of 1057 children, residents of leningrad, vaccinated with poliomyelitis vaccine at the appropriate calendar dates according to the scheme, showed the presence of antibodies to the polioviruses in 81.5-99.1% of the cases. there were more serologically negative children against the virus type iii, and much less--against the virus type ii. the value of the mean geometrical titres somewhat decreased with the advance of the children's age and the time lapse after the vaccinati ... | 1978 | 204133 |
| [antiviral effect of aqueous plant extracts in tissue culture]. | the aqueous extracts from 178 kinds of medicinal plants belonging to 69 families were examined from the point of their virustatic activity against herpes-, influenza-, vaccine- and poliovirus. 75 kinds proved to be virustatic against one or more kinds of virus. nearly one-third of the active plants belong to families that are known as especially rich in tannin. besides the virustatic activity a great number of extracts showed also a cytostatic activity. | 1978 | 204315 |
| aggregation of enterovirus small plaque variants and polioviruses under low ionic strength conditions. | virion aggregation in low ionic conditions was observed with small plaque variants of coxsackievirus type b3 and echovirus types 4 and 11 by sedimentation and filtration methods. inclusion of salts or deae-dextran into the media prevented or reversed virion aggregation. the effect of ph on aggregate formation in low ionic strength solutions was also investigated with various strains of poliovirus. type i sabin strain formed aggregates even at high ph, while mahoney strains did so only below ph 6 ... | 1978 | 204734 |
| involvement of microtubules in cytopathic effects of animal viruses: early proteins of adenovirus and herpesvirus inhibit formation of microtubular paracrystals in hela-s3 cells. | in order to examine the involvement of microtubules in the virus-induced cytopathic effect (c.p.e.), the effect of virus infection on the formation of microtubular paracrystals (pc) induced by 10 microgram/ml of vinblastine sulphate in hela-s3 cells was examined by phase-contrast microscopy. in poliovirus-infected cells, c.p.e. (cell rounding) and the inhibition of pc formation proceeded in parallel, starting 4 h post-infection. in sendai virus-infected cells, however, pc formation was not inhib ... | 1978 | 204735 |
| isoelectric points of polypeptides of standard poliovirus particles of different serological types and of empty capsids and dense particles of poliovirus type 1. | the isoelectric points of polypeptides of standard and dense poliovirus particles and of empty capsids have been determined by isoelectric focusing in urea and by two-dimensional analysis. comparing virus strains belonging to the three serological types of poliovirus, differences in the pi of some, but not all of the structural polypeptides are found. the pi of polypeptides of dense particles and of empty capsids are identical with those of standard particles. polypeptide vpo present in empty ca ... | 1978 | 204736 |
| picorna- and togavirus infection of cells detected by gas chromatography. | viral infection of cells causes chemical and metabolic changes, which can be detected by gas chromatography (gc) of ether extracts of supernatant fluids and cell homogenates before any significant damage to the cells is observable microscopically. the characteristic and specific gc patterns obtained from bhk-21 and vero cell cultures infected with encephalomyocarditis, polio, echoviruses, and a togavirus make it possible to distinguish between these infecting viruses. the appearance of 1 or 2 co ... | 1977 | 204744 |
| is the polio virus responsible for late central nervous system tumors? | a hypothesis is advanced concerning the relationship of poliomyelitis viruses and late developing neoplasia in the central nervous system. the literature is surveyed, and several experimental approaches based upon known evidence of viral and neoplastic behaviour are advanced. the present status of world polio incidence is discussed as it applies to this possible relationship. | 1978 | 204855 |
| [possible function of poliovirus genome linked protein in virus replication (author's transl)]. | 1978 | 204959 | |
| [evaluation of the alginat membrane filter method for the enterovirus concentration in water (author's transl)]. | it is bound to use a concentration method for the research of enteroviruses in water. one of the concentration methods, the filtration on alginat membranes, avoids the problem of the virus elution from the filter, then the membrane is soluble in a sodium citrat buffer. this method was studied with different types of water (synthetic water, tap water and wastewater). -the recovery efficiency of poliovirus i in clear waters (synthetic water and tap water) was poor, unsatisfying reproducible; the r ... | 1977 | 205063 |
| comparison between adsorption of poliovirus and rotavirus by aluminum hydroxide and activated sludge flocs. | adsorption of poliovirus and rotavirus by aluminum hydroxide and activated sludge flocs was studied. both aluminum hydroxide and activated sludge flocs adsorbed greater amounts of poliovirus than rotavirus. aluminum hydroxide flocs reduced the titer of poliovirus in tap water by 3 log10, but they only reduced the titer of a simian rotovirus (sa-11) in tap water by 1 log10 or less and did not noticeably reduce the number of human rotavirus particles present in a dilute stool suspension. activated ... | 1978 | 205173 |
| concentration of enteroviruses from large volumes of tap water, treated sewage, and seawater. | methods are described for the efficient concentration of an enterovirus from large volumes of tap water, sewage, and seawater. virus in acidified water (ph 3.5) in the presence of aluminum chloride was adsorbed to a 10-inch (ca. 25.4 cm) fiberglass depth cartridge and a 10-inch pleated epoxy-fiberglass filter in a series at flow rates of up to 37.8 liters (10 gallons) per min. adsorbed viruses were eluted from the filters with glycine buffer (ph 10.5 to 11.5), and the eluate was reconcentrated b ... | 1978 | 205175 |
| [poliovirus antigen concentrations by means of polyethylenglycol 6000 (author's transl)]. | 1994 | 205374 | |
| role of sediment in the persistence of enteroviruses in the estuarine environment. | the survival of four enteroviruses commonly found in sewage effluents was examined when the viruses were adsorped to marine sediments in estuarine water and compared with virus survival in estuarine water alone. echovirus 1, coxsackieviruses b3 and a9, and poliovirus 1 survived longer when associated with marine sediment. when the estuarine water was polluted with secondarily treated sewage effluent, virus survived for prolonged periods in sediments, but not in the overlaying estuarine water. | 1978 | 206204 |
| characterization and classification of virus particles associated with hepatitis a. i. size, density, and sedimentation. | virus-like particles were purified from stools of patients in an epidemic of hepatitis a in germany. when reference ms-1 chimpanzee pre-inoculation and convalescent sera were used, the close serological relationship of the purified particles to well-known isolates of hepatitis a could be established. on the other hand, the physicochemical characteristics of the particles were determined in parallel to the characteristics of a marker parvovirus (luiii) and a marker picornavirus (poliovirus type 2 ... | 1978 | 206730 |
| characterization and classification of virus particles associated with hepatitis a. ii. type and configuration of nucleic acid. | virus particles banding at 1.34 g/ml in cscl and sedimenting at 160s in sucrose gradients were isolated from fecal specimens of patients suffering from hepatitis. in the presence of 4 m urea and about 90% formamide, these particles released linear nucleic acid molecules of the kinked appearance characteristic of single-stranded rna or single-stranded dna. they could be distinguished from the nucleic acid of phage lambda added to the preparation as a marker for double-stranded configuration. expe ... | 1978 | 206731 |
| oral polio vaccine. effect of booster vaccination one to 14 years after primary series. | we studied the persistence of antibody after vaccination and the response to booster revaccination with trivalent oral polio vaccine (topv) administered at varied intervals after the primary series in a large group of children. decline in antibody was related to intervals since last vaccination, and not to sex, age, age at primary vaccination, or type and number of previous administrations. geometric mean titers of neutralizing antibody were 11.3 for type 1 and 8.0 for types 2 and 3 poliovirus w ... | 1993 | 206735 |
| practical method for detecting poliovirus in anaerobic digester sludge. | a method has been developed which permits reliable detection of low numbers of poliovirus infective units in anaerobic digester sludge and dewatered composted sludge. | 1978 | 207221 |
| mechanism of poliovirus inactivation by ammonia. | poliovirus inactivation by ammonia causes a slight reduction in the sedimentation coefficients of viral particles, but has no detectable effect on either the electrophoretic pattern of viral capsid proteins or the isoelectric points of inactivated particles. these virions still attach to cells, but are unable to repress host translation or stimulate the synthesis of detectable amounts of viral rna. although ammonia has no detectable effect on naked poliovirus rna, it causes cleavage of this rna ... | 1991 | 207890 |
| control of protein synthesis in extracts from poliovirus-infected cells. i. mrna discrimination by crude initiation factors. | by using cell-free systems prepared from uninfected and poliovirus-infected cells, we have been able to demonstrate that crude preparations of initiation factors from infected cells do not stimulate the initiation of translation by polyribosomes containing endogenous host cell mrna. when tested with polysomes containing endogenous viral mrna, however, they were able to stimulate initiation of translation nearly as well as uninfected cell initiation factors. the uninfected cell initiation factor ... | 1991 | 207899 |
| inhibition of translation by poliovirus: inactivation of a specific initiation factor. | translation of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) mrna, like host mrna translation, is inhibited in cells infected with poliovirus. to study the mechanism of poliovirus-induced inhibition of protein synthesis, we prepared extracts from poliovirus-infected and uninfected hela cells. poliovirus mrna was translated in lysates from both infected and uninfected cells, while vsv mrna was translated only in the lysate from uninfected cells. addition of purified translation initiation factors to the extra ... | 1978 | 208073 |
| structural studies of the rna component of the poliovirus replication complex. i. purification and biochemical characterization. | 1978 | 208234 | |
| structural studies of the rna component of the poliovirus replication complex. ii. characterization by electron microscopy and autoradiography. | 1978 | 208235 | |
| enhanced poliovirus replication in cytomegalovirus-infected human fibroblasts. | 1978 | 208243 | |
| increased resistance of trisomic-21 cells to virus replication: role of interferon. | 1978 | 208250 | |
| [rational method of obtaining sera with a high titre of virus-neutralizing antibodies. report 2]. | in addition to report i (zhmei, 1977, no. 1) a study was made of 9 more schemes of rabbit immunization with the poliomyelitis virus, type i, for the purpose of obtaining the neutralizing sera of high titre. vitamins a and c were used in the experiments in the capacity of the activators of the organism reaction; freund's adjuvant of different make was tested; different reimmunization periods and different amounts of the adjuvant were administered. titration of rabbit sera in the process of immuni ... | 1978 | 208328 |
| the immunological response of nigerian infants to attenuated and inactivated poliovaccines. | a comparison was made of the immunity conferred by injected formalin-killed poliomyelitis vaccine and orally administered attenuated poliomyelitis vaccine in nigerian infants under tropical conditions where interfering enteroviruses have caused poor conversion rates with attenuated poliomyelitis vaccine. two hundred and thirty infants completed the immunization schedules. the levels of antibodies to polioviruses were assessed before immunization and at periodic intervals during the trial. sevent ... | 1978 | 208473 |
| intranuclear crystal formation in picornavirus-infected cells. | cells infected with echovirus or poliovirus were incubated at a suboptimal temperature (28 degrees c). when the cells were examined by electron microscopy, not only were crystalline arrays of mature virus particles observed in the cytoplasm but crystals composed of immature virus-like particles were also evident in the less electron-dense central region of the nucleus. immunofluorescent and autoradiographic studies revealed the presence of viral proteins and rna in the nucleus. these findings st ... | 1978 | 208486 |
| analysis of poliovirus antibody complexes by density gradient centrifugation. | analysis of poliovirus antibody complexes by sucrose density gradient centrifugation demonstrated differences in behavior of sensitized virus between early and late serum, particularly with regard to neutralizing capacity of different concentrations of antiserum. | 1978 | 208491 |
| [use of immunoelectron microscopy to poliovirus typing (author's transl)]. | 1978 | 208786 | |
| the role of membrane association of antigens in induction of cell-mediated immunity to viruses. | 1978 | 208808 | |
| the use of cytochalasins in studies on the molecular biology of virus--host cell interactions. | in conclusion, one can say that the cytochalasins--in their brief history of application in virology--have proven to be valuable tools in studies on the molecular biology of virus--host cell interactions. on the other hand, viral systems can be useful in defining the primary sites of action of cytochalasins in certain cells. in interpreting the effects of cytochalasins on virus replication, however, one must take into consideration that the cytochalasins exert a wide variety of alterations in ce ... | 1978 | 208877 |
| protein is linked to the 5' end of poliovirus rna by a phosphodiester linkage to tyrosine. | purification and partial characterization of the poliovirus rna-linked protein (vpg) are described. vpg has been freed from the rna by ribonuclease digestion and phenol extraction. gel filtration chromatography of vpg-pup (labeled with 32p) in 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate or 6 m guanidine hcl indicates that it has a molecular weight of about 12,000. vpg is bound to the 5' end of poliovirion rna by a phosphodiester bond between a tyrosine residue in the vpg molecule and the 5'-terminal uridine. af ... | 1978 | 209034 |
| establishment of a persistent measles virus infection in hep-2 cells. | a productive measles virus persistent infection has been established in hep-2 cells. greater than 90% of the persistently infected hep-2 cells (h2mv) exhibited measles specific immunofluorescence and haemadsorption. although most of the h2mv cells contained measles specific antigens, only a small percentage (less than 1%) actually produced infectious measles virus as determined by infectious centre assays. the measles virus produced by h2mv cells exhibited properties different from the initiatin ... | 1978 | 209291 |
| in vitro assembly of poliovirus. v. evidence that the self-assembly activity of 14 s particles is independent of extract assembly factor(s) and host proteins. | 1989 | 209626 | |
| antiviral effect of commercial juices and beverages. | nineteen commercial juices or beverages were tested for inactivation of poliovirus type 1. grape and apple juices and tea were particularly antiviral. although antiviral in aqueous solution, ascorbic acid was ineffective after addition to juices. | 1978 | 209736 |
| differential inhibition of host cell rna synthesis in several picornavirus-infected cell lines. | patterns of cellular rna synthesis during poliovirus (types 1,2 and 3) and mengovirus infections in hela, hep-2, vero and l-cells were investigated by means of high-resolution autoradiography, kinetics of 3h-uridine incorporation, and sucrose gradient centrifugation. only mengovirus-infected l-cells showed an early and exponential inhibition of hnrna and rrna synthesis. the other cell lines tested, whether infected with polio- or mengovirus, exhibited a slowly and linearly decreasing cellular rn ... | 1978 | 210138 |
| inactivation of cytomegalovirus and semliki forest virus by butylated hydroxytoluene. | butylated hydroxytoluene (bht) is an antioxidant that is widely used in foods because it prevents spoilage by delaying degradation of lipid components. this hydrophobic compound inactivated human and murine cytomegalovirus (cmv) and semliki forest virus (sfv). both human and murine cmv were inactivated more than 90% by 40 microgram of bht/ml after incubation for 1 hr at 37 c. under the same conditions, svf was inactivated about 75%, whereas poliovirus, which does not contain lipid membrane as a ... | 1978 | 210237 |
| [type i poliovirus isolated in 4 migrant children with paralysis]. | 1989 | 210443 | |
| the genome-linked protein of picornaviruses. iv. difference in the vpg's of encephalomyocarditis virus and poliovirus as evidence that the genome-linked proteins are virus-coded. | 1978 | 210567 | |
| viruses in sewage: effect of phosphate removal with calcium hydroxide (lime). | during calcium hydroxide (lime) treatment (ph 9.6 to 10.5) of wastewaters for phosphate removal there was also a two-log removal of added poliovirus (type i, sabin) from effluents. a similar virus reduction was seen in the sludge generated in these experiments. however, in view of the limitations of techniques for virus recovery from sludge, only a small portion of the infectious virus present in lime sludge may have been detected. storage of lime sludge at 28 degrees c for up to 48 h produced n ... | 1978 | 210918 |
| serum antibody to poliovirus in patients in a mental deficiency hospital, with particular reference to down's syndrome. | neutralization tests for poliovirus antibodies were carried out on 74 patients in an adult mental deficiency hospital: 37 patients with down's syndrome and 37 non-down's mental defectives. the distribution of antibody titres to poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3 did not differ significantly between the two groups. most patients had antibody to at least one poliovirus type but less than a third had antibodies at a titre of 1/8 or greater to all three types. the low level of poliovirus immunity in this p ... | 1988 | 211162 |
| metabolism of myoinositol in avian and mammalian cells infected with naked and enveloped dna and rna viruses. | the uptake of 3h-inositol into the pool of free inositol and its incorporation into the lipid phosphatidylinositol have been studied in various avian and mammalian cells infected by different viruses. in all the virus-cell systems investigated, virus infection results in a drastically reduced amount of free 3h-inositol about 3 to 5 h post-infection, demonstrable in the infected cells as compared to the mock-infected controls. in contrast, the incorporation of 3h-inositol into lipid can be enhanc ... | 1978 | 211191 |
| identification of a protein linked to nascent poliovirus rna and to the polyuridylic acid of negative-strand rna. | a protein similar to that previously demonstrated on poliovirus rna and replicative intermediate rna (vpg) was found on all sizes of nascent viral rna molecules and on the polyuridylic acid isolated from negative-strand rna. 32p-labeled nascent chains were released from their template rna and fractionated by exclusion chromatography on agarose. fingerprint analysis using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gels of rnase t1 oligonucleotides derived from nascent chains of different lengths showed that ... | 1988 | 211265 |
| proteolysis of noncapsid protein 2 of type 3 poliovirus at the restrictive temperature: breakdown of noncapsid protein 2 correlates with loss of rna synthesis. | inhibition of rna synthesis of the lh strain of type 3 poliovirus at the restrictive temperature occurs concurrently with the breakdown of noncapsid virus-specific peptide 2. this finding, along with other reported data (b.d. korant, in proteases and biological control, p. 621-644, 1975), suggests that noncapsid virus-specific peptide 2 is a component of the viral replicase. | 1978 | 211270 |
| investigations on the presence of enteroviruses in drinking water. | out of 220 tap-water samples examined, 3.64% were found to contain enteroviruses. the 11 isolates included 3 attenuated poliovirus, 2 coxsackie a4 and 6 untyped strains. the necessity of improving the treatment of drinking water, especially by disinfection, is outlined. | 1978 | 211707 |
| [inactivation of viruses in water by anodic oxidation (author's transl)]. | the inactivating effect of anodic oxidation on viruses performed in an experimental electrolytic polarization unit was investigated with 11 different viruses suspended in tap and superficial water. furthermore attempts were made to define the influence of factors important in experimental and water respect. using concentrations up to 10(4) infectious units per ml representing a multiple quantity of the virus demonstrable in contaminated environmental waters all the viruses investigated could be ... | 1978 | 211753 |
| jejunal viral antigen in multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. | 1978 | 211830 | |
| [rapid virus diagnosis by electrosyneresis (author's transl)]. | electrosyneresis (counter-current immunoelectrophoresis) detected the presence of 7 coxsackieviruses and 1 poliovirus in 70 specimens of stools. identical results were obtained by inoculation of mice and tissue cultures. first screening of specimens was undertaken with a human "standard" gammaglobulin; only specimens precipitating with this reagent contained viral antigens. hence, especially in children, all negative stools could be excluded from subsequent tests with antiserum pools and monospe ... | 1978 | 211893 |
| the encapsulation of picornaviruses by lipid vesicles: physical and biological properties. | 1978 | 211924 | |
| survey of human virus occurrence in wastewater-recharged groundwater on long island. | treated wastewater effluents and groundwater observation wells from three sewage recharge installations located on long island were assayed on a monthly basis for indigenous human enteroviruses and coliform bacteria for a period of 1 year. viruses were detected in groundwater at sites where recharge basins were located less than 35 feet (ca. 10.6 m) above the aquifer. results from one of the sites indicated the horizontal transfer of viable viruses through the groundwater aquifer. | 1978 | 211935 |
| poliovirus removal from primary and secondary sewage effluent by soil filtration. | adsorption of poliovirus from primary sewage effluent was similar to that from secondary sewage effluent in both batch soil studies and experiments with soil columns 240 cm long. virus desorption by distilled water was also similar in a soil column that had been flooded with either primary or secondary effluent seeded with virus. these results indicated that absorption of poliovirus from primary effluent and virus movement through the soil were not affected by the higher organic content of prima ... | 1978 | 211936 |
| wescodyne: lack of activity against poliovirus in the presence of organic matter. | the national institute of health guidelines for recombinant dna research recommends 2% aqueous wescodyne, an iodophore that is used in many hospitals and laboratories as a disinfectant, as a decontaminant for biological safety cabinets and 5% for a spill outside a cabinet. a contact time of 10 to 15 minutes was given for the 2% solution and 20 minutes was considered adequate for the 5% concentration. the results indicate: 1. aqueous wescodyne (5%) is ineffective when used for 80 minutes against ... | 1978 | 212387 |
| poliovirus single-stranded rna and double-stranded rna: differential infectivity in enucleate cells. | the ability of poliovirus virion rna and double-stranded rna (replicative form) to replicate in enucleate mouse l cells was investigated. virion rna replicated successfully in the absence of the cell nucleus, whereas replicative form infection did not produce any detectable progeny in enucleate cells. the results provide direct evidence of a nuclear requirement early in the infection initiated by replicative form rna. | 1978 | 212582 |
| two initiation sites for translation of poliovirus rna in vitro: comparison of lsc and mahoney strains. | previous studies in our laboratory provided evidence that the initiation of translation by the mahoney strain of poliovirus type 1 rna in vitro occurs at two unique sites. this study shows that the lsc strain of poliovirus type 1, a multistep, temperature-sensitive mutant of the mahoney strain, also utilizes two sites for the initiation of translation in vitro. incorporation of formyl-[35s]methionine into the amino terminus of newly synthesized polypeptides revealed the production of two labeled ... | 1978 | 212609 |
| parameters for differentiating vaccine-derived and wild poliovirus strains. | 1978 | 212784 | |
| inhibition of poliovirus replication by a plant antiviral peptide. | 1977 | 212985 | |
| contact inactivation of rna and dna viruses by n-methyl isatin beta-thiosemicarbazone and cuso4. | 1977 | 212986 | |
| the possible role of the equestron as an achilles' heel for chemotherapy of picornavirus infections. | 1977 | 212991 | |
| [observation of circulation of poliomyelitis virus in the groups of children vaccinated against poliomyelitis (author's transl)]. | 1978 | 213196 | |
| the effect of cesium salts on dense poliovirus particles. | the buoyant density of dense poliovirus particles has been examined in density gradients other than cesium chloride in order to determine the dependence of this property on the nature of the solvent. in urografin (sodium and methylglucamine amidotrizoate), dense poliovirus particles banded at two densities--1.33 and 1.39 g/cm(3)--whereas in cesium metrizoate they banded only at 1.39 g/cm(3) and in cesium sulfate at 1.38 g/cm(3). the presence of cesium ions gives rise to the occurrence of dense p ... | 1978 | 213398 |
| poliovirus polypeptides examined in more detail. | the pattern of viral polypeptide synthesis and cleavage in poliovirus-infected cells was shown by autoradiography to be considerably more complex than previously thought. in normal growth, at least 26 distinct polypeptides were found, and various modifications of the cleavage process revealed a total of at least 34. most of the new polypeptides were minor components that were unstable during a chase. different cultural modifications led to different polypeptide ratios, and it appeared likely tha ... | 1986 | 213530 |
| relations between poliovirus polypeptides as shown by tryptic peptide analysis. | poliovirus proteins were labelled in vivo with [35s]-methionine, and the major products of translation and cleavage were separated by electrophoresis and compared in terms of two-dimensional tryptic peptide maps visualized by autoradiography. the main intermediates p110 and p90 had few or no methionine-labelled sequences in common, but were both contained in, and therefore almost fully account for, the presumed primary translation product p210. the sequences of p79, a major stable product of cle ... | 1975 | 213531 |
| a high density component in several vertebrate enteroviruses. | in addition to the major infective component, which bands at a density of 1:34 g/ml in caesium chloride ("light component"), a component with a density of 1:44 g/ml ("heavy component") has been found in harvests of poliovirus (type i), coxsackie b5 virus, a bovine enterovirus (vg-5-27) and swine vesicular disease virus (svdv). with svdv about 98% of the infectivity equilibrated at 1 . 34 g/ml but approx. 2% was present as a peak at 1 . 44 g/ml. the morphology of the two forms was similar but the ... | 1975 | 213532 |
| [vaccine-related paralytic poliomyelitis with severe pareses. report of one case (author's transl)]. | in 11-year-old girl paralytic poliomyelitis developed 18 days after administration of trivalent oral poliomyelitis virus-vaccine. in spite of isolation and identification of vaccine-poliomyelitis-virus type iii, there was only a slight raise of antibodies in the neutralisation-tests. the possibilities of lacking titer-raising is discussed, especially concerning the question of the claim to maintenance. | 1978 | 213638 |
| rapid ephemeral cell sensitization as the mechanism of histone-induced and protamine-induced enhancement of transfection by poliovirus rna. | 1987 | 213818 | |
| in vivo regulation of the poliovirus rna polymerase. | 1978 | 213878 | |
| properties of poliovirus propagated in medium containing cesium chloride: implications for picornaviral structure. | 1978 | 213888 | |
| genetic susceptibility to wild and vaccine polio virus: genotypes and their frequency. | the frequency of proposed genotypes which predispose to poliomyelitis, is tabled. susceptibility is due to a gene or linkage group of genes with a frequency of 2% for the homozygote and 24% for the heterozygote. two subgroups are identified where a second gene might make the persons susceptible to vaccine strains of virus. cutter vaccinees might form a third group with increased susceptibility under special circumstances. the age at which genetic susceptibility changes to phenotypic susceptibili ... | 1978 | 214687 |