Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| solvent-accessible residues on the metal ion-dependent adhesion site face of integrin cr3 mediate its binding to the neutrophil inhibitory factor. | neutrophil adhesion-dependent functions such as chemotaxis, spreading, and phagocytosis are inhibited by neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a glycoprotein produced by the hookworm ancylostoma caninum. the nif binding site has been localized to the a-domain of integrin cr3 (cd11b/cd18) and shown to be metal-dependent. the recently solved crystal structure of the a-domain from cd11b revealed a putative metal ion-dependent adhesion site (midas) on the top of the structure. to determine if nif bind ... | 1996 | 8663417 |
| overlapping, but not identical, sites are involved in the recognition of c3bi, neutrophil inhibitory factor, and adhesive ligands by the alphambeta2 integrin. | the alphambeta2 (cd11b/cd18, mac-1) integrin receptor binds numerous ligands, including neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), c3bi, and certain immobilized protein substrates, represented by denatured ovalbumin. these ligands share no obvious structural similarities, yet their interactions with receptor are inhibited by nif and involve the i domain, a stretch of approximately 200 amino acids in the alpham subunit. recombinant wild-type and mutant forms of alphambeta2 have been used to compare the ... | 1996 | 8663418 |
| immunoglobulin g subclass antibodies against excretory/secretory antigens of ancylostoma caninum in human enteric infections. | most patients with proven or suspected enteric infection with the common hookworm of dogs, ancylostoma caninum, produce immunoglobulin g (igg) and ige antibodies to an immunodominant excretory/secretory antigen (ac68) of the parasite. these antibodies were detected in both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and western blots; the western blot to detect igg antibodies to ac68 was the most specific and sensitive. the subclasses of igg of the antibody response to the parasite were analyzed u ... | 1996 | 8686791 |
| immunochemical characterization of ancylostoma caninum antigens. | adult worms of ancylostoma caninum were dissected and manually separated into cephalic glands, cervical glands, intestine, esophagus and cuticula. these fractions as well as third stage larvae were fractionated with triton x-114 into water soluble (hydrophilic), triton soluble (hydrophobic) and unsoluble proteins. these fractions were characterized by immunoblotting with serum from rabbits immunized either with a pool of cervical, cephalic glands and intestine, or the esophagus fraction as well ... | 1996 | 8688863 |
| anticoagulant repertoire of the hookworm ancylostoma caninum. | hookworms are hematophagous nematodes that infect a wide range of mammalian hosts, including humans. there has been speculation for nearly a century as to the identity of the anticoagulant substances) used by these organisms to subvert host hemostasis. using molecular cloning, we describe a family of potent small protein (75-84 amino acids) anticoagulants from the hookworm ancylostoma caninum termed acap (a. caninum anticoagulant protein). two recombinant acap members (acap5 and acap6) directly ... | 1996 | 8700900 |
| high prevalence of ancylostoma spp. infection in dogs, associated with endemic focus of human cutaneous larva migrans, in tacuarembo, uruguay. | a helminthological survey of the intestinal parasites in stray dogs was conducted in urban and suburban area of tacuarembó, uruguay, during winter time. eighty stray dogs captured in the city were necropsied. seventy nine dogs (98.8%) were positive for helminth infection. seventy seven (96.3%) were parasitized by hookworms. two species of hookworms were found: ancylostoma caninum 96.3% and a. braziliense 49.4%. this is the first report of the prevalence of a. braziliense in uruguay. considering ... | 1996 | 8758550 |
| a distinctive aphthous ileitis linked to ancylostoma caninum. | ileal ulceration is diagnosed commonly at colonoscopy in northeastern australia. this observation has occurred contemporaneously with the description of a painful enteritis caused through supposedly rare infections by ancylostoma caninum, the cosmopolitan dog hookworm. in this study, we describe the morphology and prevalence of ileal ulcers and investigate their cause. there were 182 patients with a distinctive aphthous ileitis highlighted by haemorrhage into the tips of surrounding villi. the a ... | 1996 | 8792304 |
| the efficacy of doramectin on arrested larvae of ancylostoma caninum in early pregnancy of bitches. | the efficacy of doramectin treatment on arrested a. caninum larvae during early pregnancy of bitches was examined. four bitches were percutaneously infected with 20,000 third-stage larvae of a. caninum on the day of conception and treated subcutaneously with 1 mg doramectin per kg body weight on day 30 of pregnancy. four infected untreated pregnant bitches served as controls. a single application of dormectin substantially reduced the number of somatic larvae in bitches and the number of intesti ... | 1996 | 8794697 |
| mechanisms underlying neutrophil adhesion to apical epithelial membranes. | crypt abscesses allow prolonged apposition of activated neutrophils to the epithelial surface of the colon. adhesion of neutrophils to both the vascular endothelium and basolateral epithelial membrane share common effector molecules but are distinct processes. this study aimed to define the mechanisms that effect adhesion, independent of transmigration, to the apical epithelium. ht29 (cl 19a) cells were grown to confluency and incubated with neutrophils under conditions of: (i) neutrophil stimul ... | 1996 | 8801197 |
| the specificity of the human ige response to necator americanus. | human ige responses to helminth infections have been described as both problematic and beneficial, in that type 1 hypersensitivity to parasite infections can reputedly cause pathology and/or parasite expulsion, (pritchard, quinnell & walsh 1995). in the present communication, we can report that the ige response to helminth infections may be beneficial in a diagnostic sense, in that antibodies of this isotype showed minimal cross-reactivity against antigens from the parasites tested. this informa ... | 1995 | 8817608 |
| cryopreservation of sheathed third-stage larvae of ancylostoma caninum (hookworm of dogs) and ancylostoma tubaeforme (hookworm of cats). | sheathed infective third-stage larvae of ancylostoma caninum and ancylostoma tubaeforme were successfully cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. the survival rates, as assessed by motility, were a. caninum 49.2% and a. tubaeforme 51,5% after 30 d of cryopreservation. | 1996 | 8856767 |
| acasp, a gene encoding a cathepsin d-like aspartic protease from the hookworm ancylostoma caninum. | intestinal infection with the zoonotic hookworm ancylostoma caninum can provoke human eosinophilic enteritis. a cdna was isolated from a. caninum, using an oligonucleotide primer designed to hybridize to the region encoding the consensus, catalytic site residues d32tgssnlw of aspartic proteases. this novel cdna encoded an aspartic protease zymogen of 422 amino acids, exhibiting 47% identity to the lysosomal aspartic protease of aedes aegypti, 46% identity to the aspartic protease of schistosoma ... | 1996 | 8858139 |
| attenuation of the inflammatory response in an animal colitis model by neutrophil inhibitory factor, a novel beta 2-integrin antagonist. | neutrophils are significant effector cells in acute inflammatory bowel disease. recruitment of these cells is dependent on beta 2-integrin-mediated adhesion and transmigration. the efficacy of neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), an antagonist of the beta 2-integrin cd11b/cd18, in ameliorating inflammation was tested in an animal model of acute colitis. | 1996 | 8858748 |
| enterobius, trichuris, capillaria, and hookworm including ancylostoma caninum. | infections by the nematodes enterobius, trichuris, capillaria, and hookworm are some of the most widespread gastrointestinal infections worldwide. this article is designed not only to provide an overview of the different parasites in terms of epidemiology, clinical manifestation, and disease but also to highlight particular areas of intensive research activity that are providing new insights into both the biology of the host-parasite relationship and possible new approaches to infection manageme ... | 1996 | 8863041 |
| ancylostoma caninum anticoagulant peptide: cloning by pcr and expression of soluble, active protein in e. coli. | ancylostoma caninum anticoagulant peptide (acap) is the major anticoagulant activity present in extracts of adult ancylostoma caninum hookworms. this 8.7 kda protein is a potent and specific inhibitor of human coagulation factor xa. using pcr, we have isolated a cdna encoding for acap from an adult a. caninum cdna library. the 5' end of the acap cdna was identified by reverse transcription pcr (rt-pcr) using a. caninum cdna and a 5' primer corresponding to a nematode spliced leader sequence. the ... | 1996 | 8885227 |
| molecular approaches to vaccinating against hookworm disease. | anthelminthic drug chemotherapy has failed as an acceptable approach to hookworm control in the less developed countries of the tropics. the development of a genetically engineered vaccine against hookworm infection would be a major advance in our efforts to control this parasitic disease. we have produced several lead recombinant hookworm vaccine antigens. their development is based on scientific principles that were generated almost 70 years ago when investigators first began to attenuate livi ... | 1996 | 8888276 |
| hookworm: developmental biology of the infectious process. | hookworms cause severe anemia and malnutrition in developing countries of the tropics, with an estimated one billion people infected worldwide. an in vitro system that models the early events of infection has provided new information about the linkage between the infectious process and the parasite's developmental biology. the cloning and expression of ancylostoma secreted protein, asp 1 - a secreted molecule associated with these developmental processes - is an example of how this system allows ... | 1996 | 8939719 |
| a discrete site modulates activation of i domains. application to integrin alphambeta2. | a central characteristic of integrin adhesion receptors is their capacity to become activated, thereby enhancing their affinity for ligands. here, we report the identification of a discrete site within the i domain of integrin alphambeta2, which modulates the adhesive activity of this receptor. based upon the crystal structure, this region is composed of two short and spatially proximal loops, e162qlkksktl and q190nnpnprs. mutations in these loops yield receptors which support spontaneous cell a ... | 1996 | 8939940 |
| vaccination with alum-precipitated recombinant ancylostoma-secreted protein 1 protects mice against challenge infections with infective hookworm (ancylostoma caninum) larvae. | ancylostoma-secreted protein 1 (asp-1) is the major protein secreted by infective hookworm larvae (ancylostoma caninum). the escherichia coli-expressed recombinant protein was evaluated as a vaccine antigen in a mouse model of ancylostomiasis. a. caninum larvae migrate through mouse lungs, with maximal migration occurring 48-54 h after oral infection. quantitative larval recovery from the lungs at this time was used as an end point for vaccine evaluation. all mice developed antibodies to recombi ... | 1996 | 8940240 |
| structural analysis of the catalytic site of accp-1, a cysteine proteinase secreted by the hookworm ancylostoma caninum. | previously, we have reported that hookworms secrete cysteine proteinase activity that is capable of cleaving the cathepsin l-specific substrate z-phe-arg-amc. we have also reported the gene sequences of novel cathepsin b-like proteinases from hookworms, but have been unable to locate cathepsin l-like genes that could account for the presence of the cathepsin l activity in these parasites. here we present an homology model for the secreted hookworm cysteine proteinase accp-1 based upon the crysta ... | 1996 | 8948483 |
| genetic markers in ribosomal dna for hookworm identification. | polymerase chain reaction-linked restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) analysis of ribosomal (r) dna was conducted on uncinaria stenocephala, ancylostoma caninum, a. tubaeforme and a. ceylanicum. the rdna region spanning the first and second internal transcribed spacers (its1 and its2) plus the 5.8s (its+) gene was amplified by pcr from each of the species, digested separately with 9 restriction endonucleases and the fragments separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. characteristi ... | 1996 | 8971275 |
| human enteric infection with ancylostoma caninum: hookworms reappraised in the light of a "new" zoonosis. | recent studies in northeastern australia indicate that enteric infection with ancylostoma caninum is a leading cause of human eosinophilic enteritis. much more frequent accompaniments of this infection are obscure abdominal pain with or without blood eosinophilia, while a large part of the population is probably infected asymptomatically. these conclusions are based on extensive serological investigations in patients and control subjects, as well as 15 cases in which single, adult hookworms were ... | 1996 | 8971276 |
| a trichuris specific diagnostic antigen from culture fluids of trichuris suis adult worms. | trichuris suis is a nematode parasite of swine which can cause serious pathology in infected pigs, such as anorexia, diarrhea, anemia, and death in heavy infections, especially in young animals. infection with trichuris suis is difficult to diagnose because much of the pathology occurs when only larval stages are present, and because of sporadic egg production by adult female worms. we have isolated a 20 kda excretory/secretory (e/s) glycoprotein from culture fluids of adult worms by column chro ... | 1997 | 9066055 |
| neuroprotective effect of recombinant neutrophil inhibitory factor in transient focal cerebral ischaemia in the rat. | the neuroprotective effects of recombinant neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif) have been assessed with temporary (2 h) middle cerebral artery (mca) occlusion in the rat using the intraluminal suture technique. administration of nif (1.5 mg/kg, i.v.) immediately after the onset of reperfusion and at 4 and 6 h post-mca occlusion significantly reduced both hemispheric infarct volume (p < 0.001) and brain swelling (p < 0.001), and improved neurological outcome (p < 0.02) when assessed at 24 h. these ... | 1996 | 9117543 |
| aberrant migration of ancylostoma caninum to the os penis of a dog. | a male pitbull terrier was presented with a history of stranguria and depression. on clinical and radiological examination a suspected necrogranuloma of the caudal os penis, which obstructed the urethra, was found. the necrogranuloma was removed surgically and contained blood and necrotic tissue as well as several adult male and female ancylostoma caninum worms. the urethral obstruction resulted in post-renal azotaemia, hydronephrosis and eventually bladder rupture. a rare case of aberrant migra ... | 1996 | 9120864 |
| polymorphonuclear leucocyte (pmn) inhibitory factor prevents pmn-dependent endothelial cell injury by an anti-adhesive mechanism. | neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a 41-kd glycoprotein isolated from the canine hookworm, inhibits cd11b/cd18-dependent neutrophil adhesion by binding to cd1lb. we studied the effects of nif on neutrophil-dependent endothelial cell injury using bovine pulmonary microvessel endothelial cells grown on microporous filters. endothelial injury was determined as an increase in the transendothelial 125i-albumin clearance rate (a measure of transendothelial permeability). layering of neutrophils on th ... | 1997 | 9130469 |
| transfer and expression of neutrophil inhibitory factor gene in endothelial and epithelial cells prevent neutrophil adhesion. | 1997 | 9184546 | |
| identification and reconstruction of the binding site within alphambeta2 for a specific and high affinity ligand, nif. | engagement of the alphambeta2 (cd11b/cd18, mac-1) integrin on neutrophils supports adhesion and induces various cellular responses. these responses can be blocked by a specific ligand of alphambeta2, neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif). the molecular basis of alphambeta2-nif interactions was studied. the single chain alpham subunit, expressed on the surface of human 293 cells, bound nif with an affinity equivalent to that of alphambeta2 heterodimer. this observation, coupled with previous data sh ... | 1997 | 9211902 |
| a peptide derived from neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif) blocks neutrophil adherence to endothelial cells. | peptides derived from neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a known antagonist of mac-1, were evaluated as inhibitors of neutrophil adherence. | 1997 | 9243305 |
| long-term survey on intestinal nematode and cestode infections in stray puppies ibaraki prefecture. | we conducted the survey on intestinal nematode, mainly toxocara canis, and cestode infections in stray puppies aged less than 5 months in ibaraki prefecture for 8 years from 1988 to 1995. the rate of t. canis infection stayed almost unchanged for the 8 years and ranged from 72.2 to 85.4%. of the total 916 dogs, 732 (79.9%) harboured with t. canis. the average rates of other helminthic infections showed 24.6 (diphylidium caninum), 2.5 (trichuris vulpis), 1.2 (ancylostoma caninum) and 0.7% (spirom ... | 1997 | 9300373 |
| antithrombotic efficacy of a recombinant nematode anticoagulant peptide (rnap5) in canine models of thrombosis after single subcutaneous administration. | we describe the antithrombotic effects of recombinant nematode anticoagulant peptide (rnap5), a selective and direct factor xa inhibitor, after a single s.c. administration in canine models of arterial and venous thrombosis. the systemic anticoagulant effects of rnap5 were evaluated initially in conscious dogs after s.c. dosing (0.03, 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg) that resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the activated clotting time and the activated partial thromboplastin time. the antithrombotic effe ... | 1997 | 9336312 |
| [helminth fauna of red foxes (vulpes vulpes linne 1758) in southern saxony--2: nematodes]. | between january 1993 and november 1994 a total of 1300 red foxes from the administrative districts halle and dessau were examined for the presence of nematodes in the stomach and the small intestine. the following nematodes were found: toxocara canis (26.5%), toxascaris leonina (10.5%), uncinaria stenocephala (15.9%) ancylostoma caninum (1.7%). the search for trichinella spp. larvae was negative in all 780 examined foxes. | 1997 | 9471417 |
| neutrophil inhibitory factor treatment of focal cerebral ischemia in the rat. | the present study was designed to determine whether a hookworm-derived recombinant neutrophil inhibitory factor (rnif) is neuroprotective when administered after initiation of focal cerebral ischemia in the rat. we measured the rnif dose-response on cerebral infarct volume, the therapeutic time window, the therapeutic response to permanent ischemia, and whether rnif treatment delays the maturation of the ischemic lesion (2 days), or reduces cerebral infarct volume at 7 days after middle cerebral ... | 1998 | 9554941 |
| anthelmintic efficacy of oxibendazole against some important nematodes in dogs and cats. | the anthelmintic efficacy and safety of the oxibendazole component in a combination oxibendazole-niclosamide paste were investigated in dogs and cats and in litters of pups with naturally acquired nematode infections. a single dose of 15 mg oxibendazole/kg body weight given to 70 dogs and to 29 cats reduced faecal worm egg counts (epg) by 97.6% for toxocara canis, 95.7% for trichuris vulpis, 94.6% for ancylostoma caninum, and 100% for toxascaris leonina. in cats, 96.7% efficacy was demonstrated ... | 1998 | 9563164 |
| ancylostoma caninum anticoagulant peptide blocks metastasis in vivo and inhibits factor xa binding to melanoma cells in vitro. | we evaluated the in vivo anti-metastatic activity of recombinant ancylostoma caninum anticoagulant peptide (racap), a potent (ki = 265 pm) and specific active site inhibitor of human coagulation factor xa originally isolated from bloodfeeding hookworms. subcutaneous injection of scid mice with racap (0.01-0.2 mg/mouse) prior to tail vein injection of lox human melanoma cells resulted in a dose dependent reduction in pulmonary metastases. in order to elucidate potential mechanisms of racap's anti ... | 1998 | 9609244 |
| in vivo expression of neutrophil inhibitory factor via gene transfer prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced lung neutrophil infiltration and injury by a beta2 integrin-dependent mechanism. | the binding of beta2 (cd18) integrins on pmn cell membrane to intercellular adhesion molecule (icam) counter-receptors on the surface of vascular endothelial cells mediates pmn adhesion to endothelial cells. neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a 41-kd glycoprotein isolated from the canine hookworm (ancylostoma caninum), is a beta2 integrin antagonist that inhibits pmn adhesion to endothelial cells. we transferred the nif gene into cd1 mouse lungs by intravenous injection of cationic liposomes to ... | 1998 | 9616214 |
| [modulation of inflammatory cells in helminth infections]. | in this review, different mechanisms by which helminthic parasites modulate the activities of inflammatory cells are considered. examples are presented of parasitic products interfering with lymphocytes and their products such as antibodies, then modifying both regulation and effector response of the immune system. furthermore, examples of interference on the complement system are illustrated. parasites such as ancylostoma caninum produce factors such as the neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif) ca ... | 1997 | 9616965 |
| surface expression and ligand-based selection of cdnas fused to filamentous phage gene vi. | we describe a novel phage display system that affords the surface expression and hence affinity selection of cdnas. the strategy is based on a new approach to functionally display proteins on filamentous phage through the attachment to the c-terminus of the minor coat protein vi. the utility of the method was evaluated using a cdna library derived from the parasite ancylostoma caninum. cdna sequences were fused in each of the three reading frames to the 3'-end of the m13 gene vi expressed by a p ... | 1995 | 9634780 |
| cutaneous and subcutaneous granulomata formation in mice immunized and challenged with third-stage infective hookworm (ancylostoma caninum) larvae. | to determine the inflammatory and immunological mechanisms associated with live third-stage (l3) hookworm larval vaccines, mice were immunized either subcutaneously or orally with three doses of 500 l3 of ancylostoma caninum at 2-week intervals, and then challenged percutaneously (via abdominal skin) with 500 l3. non-immunized mice served as negative controls. skin was excised from post-challenge mice at intervals between 6 h and 28 days, and then examined by light microscopy. in non-immunized m ... | 1998 | 9638275 |
| in vitro expression of a recombinant paramyosin of ancylostoma caninum. | the objective of this study was to characterise a recombinant antigen of ancylostoma caninum that had been identified by immunoscreening with selected antisera described elsewhere. in vitro expression of clone 341 produced a protein with an apparent molecular mass of approximately 34 kda which was recognised in western blots by antisera against whole worms and antisera against esophagi from adult worms, but not by sera from experimentally infected dogs or rabbits. dna sequencing showed a cdna of ... | 1998 | 9762569 |
| a recombinant protein disulfide isomerase homologue from ancylostoma caninum. | the objective of this study was to characterize a recombinant antigen of ancylostoma caninum that had been identified by immunoscreening with selected antisera as described elsewhere. in vitro expression of clone ac38-1 produced a protein with an apparent molecular mass of approximately 38 kda, which reacted in western blots with the antiserum from rabbits experimentally infected with l3 and also with affinity-purified antibodies against hydrophilic proteins of the cephalic glands obtained from ... | 1998 | 9766908 |
| electron and light microscopy of peritoneal cellular immune responses in mice vaccinated and challenged with third-stage infective hookworm (ancylostoma caninum) larvae. | the role of peritoneal macrophages in a murine model of immunity to living hookworm third-stage larvae (l3) was investigated. mice immunized orally with 500 l3 once every 2 weeks for three times were challenged intraperitoneally with 2000 l3 1 week after the final immunization. the challenged larvae were collected from the peritoneal cavity at intervals between 2 and 72 h and then examined by inverted light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. peritoneal ... | 1998 | 9821464 |
| anthelmintic efficacy against tissue-arrested larvae of ancylostoma caninum in murine hosts. | third-stage larvae of the major human and canine ancylostoma hookworm species have the capacity to undergo developmental arrest in the somatic tissues of an infected host. arrested larvae reactivate at opportune periods such as pregnancy, which results in the transmammary transmission of infection to the nursing neonates. using murine paratenic hosts to focus specifically on tissue-arrested stages of ancylostoma caninum, the present study found that neither recommended nor elevated doses of comm ... | 1998 | 9920326 |
| ancylostoma secreted protein 1 (asp-1) homologues in human hookworms. | 1999 | 10029316 | |
| the hookworm platelet inhibitor: functional blockade of integrins gpiib/iiia (alphaiibbeta3) and gpia/iia (alpha2beta1) inhibits platelet aggregation and adhesion in vitro. | hookworms, aggressive, blood-feeding, intestinal nematodes, are currently a leading cause of iron deficiency anemia in the developing world. an inhibitor of platelet aggregation and adhesion has been partially purified and characterized from soluble protein extracts of adult ancylostoma caninum hookworms. this protein, named the hookworm platelet inhibitor, has an estimated molecular mass of 15 kda as determined by size-exclusion chromatography. in addition to blocking platelet aggregation in re ... | 1999 | 10191228 |
| protective immunity in mice elicited by living infective third-stage hookworm larvae (shanghai strain of ancylostoma caninum). | to elucidate the mechanisms of protective immunity in mice elicited by living hookworm (ancylostoma caninum third-stage infective larvae (l3). | 1998 | 10322652 |
| ancylostoma secreted protein 2: cloning and characterization of a second member of a family of nematode secreted proteins from ancylostoma caninum. | invading infective third-stage larvae (l3) of parasitic nematodes execute a series of programmed developmental events in response to a host-specific signal encountered during infection. one of these early events is the release of excretory/secretory products. using an in vitro feeding assay that mimics these early events of infection, a protein released by in vitro activated larvae of the hookworm ancylostoma caninum was identified. this protein, ac-asp-2, was partially sequenced, and the cdna e ... | 1999 | 10340481 |
| amino acid sequences within the alpha subunit of integrin alpha m beta 2 (mac-1) critical for specific recognition of c3bi. | phagocytosis of opsonized particles by neutrophils and monocytes plays a central role in host defense mechanisms against foreign pathogens. this process depends on the interaction between c3bi, a degradation product derived from activation of the complement system, and the alpha m beta 2 (cd11b/cd18, mac-1) receptor, the major integrin on neutrophils. previous studies had established a central role for the i domain, a stretch of approximately 200 amino acids within the alpha m subunit in the bin ... | 1999 | 10387051 |
| chemo- and thermosensory neurons: structure and function in animal parasitic nematodes. | nematode parasites of warm-blooded hosts use chemical and thermal signals in host-finding and in the subsequent resumption of development. the free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans is a useful model for investigating the chemo- and thermosensory neurons of such parasites, because the functions of its amphidial neurons are well known from laser microbeam ablation studies. the neurons found in the amphidial channel detect aqueous chemoattractants and repellants; the wing cells-flattened amph ... | 1999 | 10456420 |
| investigations into the prevention of neonatal ancylostoma caninum infections in puppies by application of moxidectin to the bitch. | the aim of this investigation was to examine whether reactivated ancylostoma caninum larvae can be eliminated by the administration of moxidectin to pregnant bitches. four pregnant bitches infected experimentally with 20,000 third-stage larvae of a. caninum were treated subcutaneously with 1 mg moxidectin/kg body weight on day 55 of the pregnancy (5-8 days before parturition). another four experimentally infected pregnant bitches served as controls. the single moxidectin treatment completely pre ... | 1999 | 10481618 |
| inherent flexibility in a potent inhibitor of blood coagulation, recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2. | nematode anticoagulant proteins (naps) from the hematophagous nematode ancylostoma caninum inhibit blood coagulation with picomolar inhibition constants, and have been targeted as novel pharmaceutical agents. nap5 and nap6 inhibit factor xa by binding to its active site, whereas napc2 binds to factor xa at a different, as yet unidentified, site and the resultant binary complex inhibits the tissue factor-factor viia complex. we have undertaken nmr studies of napc2, including the calculation of a ... | 1999 | 10504384 |
| antibody responses in pregnancy-induced transmammary transmission of ancylostoma caninum hookworm larvae. | third stage larvae of the ancylostoma caninum hookworm nematode have the capacity to infect a dog, abort the normal maturation pathway to become blood-feeding intestinal worms, and instead distribute throughout the body in a developmentally arrested state that is relatively resilient to most chemotherapeutic agents. during pregnancy, a percentage of the arrested larvae reactivate and transmit via the mammary glands to infect the nursing puppies with resulting iron-deficiency anemia and potential ... | 1999 | 10507368 |
| antibody-dependent reductions in mouse hookworm burden after vaccination with ancylostoma caninum secreted protein 1. | vaccination of mice with either third-stage ancylostoma caninum infective hookworm larvae (l3) or alum-precipitated recombinant ancylostoma secreted protein 1 from a. caninum (ac-asp-1) results in protection against hookworm challenge infections. vaccine protection is manifested by reductions in lung hookworm burdens at 48 h postchallenge. mice actively immunized 4 times with ac-asp-1 also exhibited reductions in hookworm burden in the muscles. hookworm burden reductions from ac-asp-1 immunizati ... | 1999 | 10515831 |
| neutrophil inhibitory factor abrogates neutrophil adhesion by blockade of cd11a and cd11b beta(2) integrins. | we studied the basis of inhibition of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (pmn) adhesion induced by neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a 41-kda cd11/cd18 beta(2) integrin-binding protein isolated from the canine hookworm (ancylostoma caninum). nif blocked pmn adhesion in a concentration-dependent manner with complete blockade occurring at approximately 10 nm nif. because cd11a and cd11b beta(2) integrins are functionally active on stimulated pmns, and yet nif is postulated to inhibit only cd11b integri ... | 1999 | 10531396 |
| developmental arrest and pregnancy-induced transmammary transmission of ancylostoma caninum larvae in the murine model. | pregnancy is associated with reactivation of latent infections of many protozoal and helminthic parasites. to facilitate in vivo studies on the process of transmammary transmission of hookworm infection to nursing newborns, we established an experimental model of infection of balb/c mice with infective larvae of the canine nematode ancylostoma caninum. to establish latency with a significant reservoir of tissue larvae and achieve acceptable pregnancy success rates, mice were subcutaneously infec ... | 1999 | 10577710 |
| experimental approaches to the development of a recombinant hookworm vaccine. | hookworm infection is a major parasitic cause of morbidity in the developing nations of the tropics. development of a genetically engineered vaccine would be a useful tool in the control of this infection in highly endemic areas. recombinant polypeptides belonging to the ancylostoma secreted protein (asp)-1 family have shown promise for reducing hookworm burdens after larval challenge infections in mice. typically, these polypeptides are expressed in escherichia coli and administered as an alum ... | 1999 | 10582170 |
| hookworm burden reductions in balb/c mice vaccinated with recombinant ancylostoma secreted proteins (asps) from ancylostoma duodenale, ancylostoma caninum and necator americanus. | vaccination of mice with alum-precipitated recombinant ancylostoma secreted protein-1 from the canine hookworm ancylostoma caninum (ac-asp-1) results in protection against a. caninum larval challenge. vaccine protection is manifested by host reductions in hookworm burden compared to control mice. the goal of this study was to determine whether asp antigens cloned and expressed from different hookworm species will cross protect against a. caninum larval challenge. cross-species protection against ... | 2000 | 10590331 |
| role of sialylation in determining the pharmacokinetics of neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif) in the fischer 344 rat. | 1. recombinant neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif) is a glycoprotein. its amino acid sequence remains constant and has a molecular weight of 28.9 kd. however, approximately 40% of the total molecular weight consists of glycans with variable structure. 2. the pharmacokinetics of 11 different nif batches with varying extents and patterns of sialylation have been investigated in the fischer 344 rat following intravenous administration. these data indicate that reducing the extent of nif sialylation ... | 1999 | 10598748 |
| a common muscarinic pathway for diapause recovery in the distantly related nematode species caenorhabditis elegans and ancylostoma caninum. | converging tgf-beta and insulin-like neuroendocrine signaling pathways regulate whether caenorhabditis elegans develops reproductively or arrests at the dauer larval stage. we examined whether neurotransmitters act in the dauer entry or recovery pathways. muscarinic agonists promote recovery from dauer arrest induced by pheromone as well as by mutations in the tgf-beta pathway. dauer recovery in these animals is inhibited by the muscarinic antagonist atropine. muscarinic agonists do not induce d ... | 2000 | 10618440 |
| trichuris suis: a secretory serine protease inhibitor. | a trypsin inhibitor was identified in extracts of adult trichuris suis and culture fluids from 24-h in vitro cultivation of adult parasites. the inhibitor was isolated by acid precipitation, affinity chromatography (trypsin-agarose), and reverse phase hplc as a single polypeptide with a molecular weight estimated at 6.6 kda by laser desorption mass spectrometry. the purified inhibitor associated strongly with trypsin (equilibrium dissociation inhibitory constant (k(j)) of 3.07 nm) and chymotryps ... | 2000 | 10631074 |
| variation between asp-1 molecules from ancylostoma caninum in china and the united states. | hookworm infection continues to be a serious problem in rural areas of china. rapid reinfection and high cost limit the effectiveness of deworming programs. vaccination offers an attractive alternative to mass chemotherapy. however, variation in vaccine antigens from field hookworm populations could conceivably limit efficacy of a vaccine developed from laboratory strains. reported here are initial experiments to ascertain levels of molecular variation in a promising vaccine antigen, asp-1, from ... | 2000 | 10701589 |
| a survey of genes expressed in adults of the human hookworm, necator americanus. | hookworms are gut-dwelling, blood-feeding nematodes that infect hundreds of millions of people, particularly in the tropics. as part of a program aiming to define novel drug targets and vaccine candidates for human parasitic nematodes, genes expressed in adults of the human hookworm necator americanus were surveyed by the expressed sequence tag approach. in total 161 new hookworm genes were identified. for the majority of these, a function could be assigned by homology. the dataset includes prot ... | 2000 | 10726278 |
| in vivo activities of the new anthelmintic depsipeptide pf 1022a. | pf 1022a is a member of a new class of cyclic depsipeptides with antiparasitic activity. following in vitro and laboratory animal studies it was tested for its anthelmintic efficacy in companion and livestock animals against a wide spectrum of intestinal nematodes and lungworms. studies were carried out in rats, dogs, horses, sheep, and cattle. animals were either naturally or experimentally infested. the efficacy of pf 1022a was investigated against the following parasite species: strongyloides ... | 2000 | 10726989 |
| histochemical alterations of infective third-stage hookworm larvae (l3) in vaccinated mice. | to study the histochemical alterations of hookworm l3 administered in a challenge dose to mice vaccinated previously with the larvae. male kunming strain mice vaccinated subcutaneously with 500 living ancylostoma caninum l3 once every 2 weeks for a total of three immunizations before a final challenge with 500 l3 one week after the final immunization. the abdominal skin with underlying subcutaneous tissue and muscle were removed from the site of percutaneous challenge entry (from 2-3 mice), and ... | 1999 | 10774709 |
| helminth parasites of dogs from two resource-limited communities in south africa. | biological samples were collected from dogs in resource-limited communities in the north-west and gauteng provinces of south africa to assess the prevalence of helminth parasitism. these samples included adhesive tape peri-anal skin swabs and fresh faecal samples for helminth examination, and thick and thin blood films (smears) and whole-blood samples in anticoagulant for examination of filarial nematode microfilariae and haemoprotozoa. the eggs of ancylostoma caninum, toxocara canis, toxascaris ... | 1999 | 10855829 |
| host specificity in blood feeding parasites: a defining contribution by haemoglobin-degrading enzymes? | a hypothesis is presented that proposes that the compatibility between species-specific variants of haemoglobin-degrading proteases of blood-feeding parasites (e.g. hookworms, schistosomes, malarial parasites, etc.), and their natural substrates, i.e. haemoglobins from diverse species of mammals, has influenced to evolution of the host range of these parasites. support for the hypothesis was drawn from molecular modelling studies of the three dimensional structure of an aspartic protease, acasp, ... | 2000 | 10856514 |
| antithrombotic efficacy of single subcutaneous administration of a recombinant nematode anticoagulant peptide (rnap5) in a canine model of coronary artery thrombolysis. | we examined the adjunctive benefit of recombinant nematode anticoagulant peptide (rnap5), a factor xa inhibitor, in a canine model of recombinant (rt)-pa-induced thrombolysis. in anesthetized dogs, a stable occlusive thrombus was formed by electrolytic injury of the vessel wall, after which the animals were administered rt-pa (1.44 mg/kg, i.v.) and rnap5 (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.: n=13), or rt-pa plus vehicle (1-2 ml, s.c.; n=13). hemodynamic and coagulation parameters were monitored for 360 minutes. sin ... | 2000 | 10899352 |
| lfa-1 (cd11a/cd18) triggers hydrogen peroxide production by canine neutrophils. | the respiratory burst of neutrophils stimulated by chemotactic factors is markedly augmented by mac-1-dependent adhesion such as the interaction of mac-1 (cd11b/cd18) with intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1; cd54) expressed on the surface of parenchymal cells (e.g., cardiac myocytes). in the current study, we evaluate the hypothesis that lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (lfa-1; cd11a/cd18) can also trigger the respiratory burst in neutrophils. to isolate lfa-1/icam-1 interactions ... | 2000 | 10914492 |
| beta(2)-integrin blockade driven by e-selectin promoter prevents neutrophil sequestration and lung injury in mice. | interaction of cd11/cd18 beta(2) integrins on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) with their counterreceptor, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, on the surface of vascular endothelial cells is a critical event mediating stable pmn adhesion and migration across the pulmonary vascular endothelial barrier. neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a 41-kda glycoprotein isolated from the canine hookworm (ancylostoma caninum), binds to the i domain of cd11a and cd11b and inhibits beta(2) integrin-dependent ... | 2000 | 10926878 |
| sequence differences in the internal transcribed spacers of dna among four species of hookworm (ancylostomatoidea: ancylostoma). | the two ribosomal dna internal transcribed spacers (1 and 2) of the hookworms ancylostoma caninum, a. tubaeforme, a. ceylanicum and a. duodenale were sequenced. the sequence lengths were similar among the four species, except that a. ceylanicum had slightly longer (by 5-7 bp) internal transcribed spacer 1 and 2 sequences. the predicted secondary structure of the internal transcribed spacer 2 precursor rrna was similar for all species, despite interspecific differences in primary sequence ranging ... | 1999 | 10961853 |
| novel inhibitors of factor x for use in cardiovascular diseases. | the complementary roles of platelets and thrombin in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes suggests that for treatment to be effective, both mediators must be targeted. although great strides have been made in the development of antiplatelet therapies, attempts to inhibit thrombin have been less successful. unfractionated heparin is limited by a number of pharmacologic shortcomings as well as an inability to meaningfully suppress thrombin generation. the low molecular weight heparins h ... | 2000 | 10980906 |
| novel, potent and selective chimeric fxa inhibitors featuring hydrophobic p1-ketoamide moieties. | judicious combination of p-region sequences of highly potent anticoagulant proteins including nap5, nap6, ecotin, and antistasin with sar from small molecule fxa inhibitors led to a series of chimeric inhibitors of formula 1a-j. we report herein the design, synthesis, and biological activity of this novel family of fxa inhibitors that express both high in vitro potency and superb selectivity against related serine proteases. | 2000 | 11055344 |
| purification of a diagnostic, secreted cysteine protease-like protein from the hookworm ancylostoma caninum. | the enteric infection of humans with the canine hookworm ancylostoma caninum varies in its clinical presentation, ranging from asymptomatic to eosinophilic gastroenteritis requiring surgical intervention. infections are not patent, but can be diagnosed immunologically by detecting antibodies to an immunodominant secreted hookworm protein termed ac68. to characterise ac68, we purified the native protein from a. caninum excretory/secretory products using size exclusion followed by anion exchange c ... | 2000 | 11077267 |
| role of zymogen and activated factor x as scaffolds for the inhibition of the blood coagulation factor viia-tissue factor complex by recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2. | recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (rnapc2) is a potent, factor xa (fxa)-dependent small protein inhibitor of factor viia-tissue factor (fviia.tf), which binds to a site on fxa that is distinct from the catalytic center (exo-site). in the present study, the role of other fx derivatives in presenting rnapc2 to fviia.tf is investigated. catalytically active and active site blocked fxa, as well as a plasma-derived and an activation-resistant mutant of zymogen fx bound to rnapc2 with comp ... | 2001 | 11139576 |
| ancylostoma caninum: the finger cell neurons mediate thermotactic behavior by infective larvae of the dog hookworm. | bhopale, v. m., kupprion, e. k., ashton, f. t., boston, r., and schad, g. a. 2001. ancylostoma caninum: the finger cell neurons mediate thermotactic behavior by infective larvae of the dog hookworm. experimental parasitology 97, 70-76. in the amphids (anteriorly positioned, paired sensilla) of the free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans, the so-called finger cells (afd), a pair of neurons, each of which ends in a cluster of microvilli-like projections, are known to be the primary thermorecep ... | 2001 | 11281703 |
| preliminary analysis of the proteolytic enzymes in the excretory-secretory products of the adult stages of the dog hookworm uncinaria stenocephala. | the paper describes an introductory characterisation of proteinases present in the excretory-secretory products (esp) of adult uncinaria stenocephala. in sds-page gelatine substrate gels esp resolved as a six bands of proteolytic activity, with a molecular weight of 182, 159, 98, 50, 39 and 26 kda. the 98 and 39 kda components were serine proteinases. the 50 kda band was sensitive to a metalloproteinase inhibitor. the 26 kda component was highly sensitive to cysteine proteinase inhibitors and wa ... | 2001 | 11304953 |
| vaccination with neutrophil inhibitory factor reduces the fecundity of the hookworm ancylostoma ceylanicum. | neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a protein isolated from hookworms of the genus ancylostoma, inhibits cd11b/18-dependent leucocyte function, binding to the i domain of cd11b. historically, nif was serendipitously isolated from whole worm extracts during a search for novel antihaemostatic agents, and little is known of its source or biological significance to the parasite. nif has also been identified as a possible hookworm vaccine candidate. ancylostoma ceylanicum recombinant nif, expressed i ... | 2001 | 11309134 |
| specific detection of neospora caninum oocysts in fecal samples from experimentally-infected dogs using the polymerase chain reaction. | neospora caninum oocysts, passed in the feces of a definitive host (dog), were isolated, and genomic dna was extracted. a polymerase cahin reaction (pcr) targeting the n. caninum-specific nc 5 genomic sequence was performed using the isolated dna. a synthesized competitor molecule containing part of the nc 5 sequence was included in the assay as a check against false-negative pcr results and to quantify n. caninum oocyst dna in fecal samples. a standard curve of the ratio of fluorescence intensi ... | 2001 | 11318571 |
| ancylostoma caninum anticoagulant peptide-5: immunolocalization and in vitro neutralization of a major hookworm anti-thrombotic. | hookworm infection is a major cause of gastrointestinal blood loss and iron deficiency anemia in the developing world. recently two major anticoagulant serine protease inhibitors have been identified and cloned from adult ancylostoma caninum hookworms. one of these, a. caninum anticoagulant peptide 5 (acap5), is a potent and specific inhibitor of human coagulation factor xa. a polyclonal igg has been purified from rabbits immunized with recombinant acap5 using affinity chromatography. using immu ... | 2001 | 11377744 |
| ability of recombinant factor viia to generate thrombin during inhibition of tissue factor in human subjects. | in view of the central role of the tissue factor-factor viia pathway in the initiation of blood coagulation, novel therapeutic strategies aimed at inhibiting this catalytic complex are currently being evaluated. a limitation of this new class of anticoagulants may be the lack of an appropriate strategy to reverse the effect if a bleeding event occurs. the aim of this study was to investigate the in vivo potential of recombinant factor viia (rviia) to induce thrombin generation in healthy subject ... | 2001 | 11382723 |
| antibodies to selected canine pathogens and infestation with intestinal helminths in golden jackals (canis aureus) in israel. | blood and fecal samples, collected from 46 healthy adult free-ranging golden jackals captured in two different locations in israel, were examined. a serological study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of circulating antibodies reacting with four common canine pathogens: canine distemper virus (cdv), canine parvovirus (cpv), ehrlichia canis and leishmania infantum. faecal flotation and haematological tests were also performed. the seroprevalence of cpv, e. canis, cdv, and l. infantum we ... | 2001 | 11409931 |
| dose-response study of recombinant factor viia/tissue factor inhibitor recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 in prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing total knee replacement. | with the best prophylactics now available, venous thromboembolism after total knee replacement remains substantial (25% to 27%). recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (rnapc2) is a potent inhibitor of factor viia/tissue factor complex that has the potential to reduce this risk. the present study was performed to determine an efficacious and safe dose of rnapc2 for prevention of venous thromboembolism after elective, unilateral total knee replacement. | 2001 | 11435341 |
| the structure and evolution of penelope in the virilis species group of drosophila: an ancient lineage of retroelements. | the penelope element is the key element responsible for mobilization of other transposable elements in the course of hybrid dysgenesis in drosophila virilis. penelope has an unusually complex, highly variable organization in all studied species of the virlis group. thc bridge1 element from the fish fugu rubripes is homologous to penelope, and database searches detected additional homologous sequences among expressed sequence tags from the flatworm schistosoma mansonii and the nematode ancylostom ... | 2001 | 11443348 |
| giardia trophozoites in dog hookworm, ancylostoma caninum: accident or hyperparasitism? | during the course of transmission electron microscopic studies of adult ancylostoma caninum removed from a dog, several giardia trophozoites were found in sections of the buccal cavity, oesophagus and intestine of several hookworms. although the protozoa appeared viable, this unusual finding probably represents accidental uptake by, rather than an established infection of, the hookworm. it is feasible, however, that the trophozoites might have survived and even multiplied in this aberrant site. | 2001 | 11495647 |
| helminths in the wolf, canis lupus, from north-western spain. | fifteen helminth species were collected from 47 wolves (canis lupus ) which were surveyed from 1993 to 1999 in northwestern spain. these included the trematode alaria alata (2.1%); the cestodes taenia hydatigena (44.7%), t. multiceps (29.8%), t. serialis (2.1%), dipylidium caninum (6.4%) and mesocestoides sp. aff. litteratus (4.2%); and the nematodes pearsonema plica (7.4%), trichuris vulpis (10.6%), trichinella britovi (12.8%), ancylostoma caninum (8.5%), uncinaria stenocephala (51.1%), toxocar ... | 2001 | 11520444 |
| in vitro reactivation of ancylostoma caninum tissue-arrested third-stage larvae by transforming growth factor-beta. | developmental arrest in ancylostoma caninum is associated with preparasitic, free-living third-stage (l3) larvae, as well as anthelmintic-resilient hypobiotic l3 larvae within the tissues of an infected dog. with the tissue-arrested larvae, pregnancy and, more specifically, the hormonal effects of estrogen and prolactin mediate reactivation resulting in transmammary transmission of infection to nursing puppies. estrogen and prolactin have been shown to be critically involved in upregulation of t ... | 2001 | 11534634 |
| immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia: possible association with ancylostoma caninum infection in three dogs. | immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia (imha) may be primary or secondary. in primary imha, no underlying cause can be found, whereas secondary imha is triggered by an underlying cause, such as neoplasia, infectious diseases, or drugs. this paper describes 3 dogs with typical signs of imha that was possibly associated with the intestinal parasite ancylostoma caninum. as intestinal helminths can be difficult to diagnose on faecal examination, it would be pertinent to perform multiple faecal examinati ... | 2001 | 11563722 |
| helminths in dogs belonging to people in a resource-limited urban community in gauteng, south africa. | one hundred and sixty-four faecal samples, 148 adhesive tape swabs and 132 blood samples were collected from dogs in boksburg, gauteng, to assess the prevalence of helminth parasites in the area. sixty-nine of these dogs were also necropsied and helminths recovered from the gastro-intestinal tracts. ancylostoma caninum was the most common helminth and was present in 88% of the dogs, followed by dipylidium caninum in 39% of dogs, toxocara canis in 36%, ancylostoma braziliense in 20%, spirocerca l ... | 2001 | 11585088 |
| enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blotting analysis of human serologic responses to infective hookworm larval antigen. | to explore the possibility of using specific antigens for immunodiagnosis of hookworm disease in endemic area. | 1999 | 11593560 |
| expression and immune recognition of brugia malayi val-1, a homologue of vespid venom allergens and ancylostoma secreted proteins. | several important nematode parasites have been found to express members of a gene family variously termed as venom allergen antigen homologue (vah) or ancylostoma secreted protein (asp). in some cases these products are secreted by infective larval stages and have been suggested to be effective vaccine immunogens. we isolated the corresponding gene from the human filarial nematode, brugia malayi, by first searching the expressed sequence tag (est) dataset generated by the filarial genome project ... | 2001 | 11704277 |
| the role of tissue factor/factor viia in the pathophysiology of acute thrombotic formation. | tissue factor (tf) is the essential cofactor for the coagulation protease factor viia (fviia), initiating the coagulation cascade. the role of tf in thrombotic diseases is becoming increasingly evident. recent findings suggest that inhibition of tf/fviia activity could be important in the prevention of clinical sequelae associated with plaque rupture or vessel damage that exposes tf to blood. furthermore, selective inhibitors of tf/fviia may be associated with less bleeding risk than other antit ... | 2001 | 11714090 |
| electron and light microscopy of neutrophil responses in mice vaccinated and challenged with third-stage infective hookworm (ancylostoma caninum) larvae. | the role of neutrophils in mediating host inflammation was examined in mice vaccinated with living third-stage infective hookworm larvae (l3). mice were vaccinated by oral immunization with 500 l3 (ancylostoma caninum) once every 2 weeks for a total of three immunizations. the vaccinated mice were then challenged intraperitoneally with 2000 l3) 1 week after the final immunization. to stimulate peritoneal production of neutrophils, 2 ml of 2% glycogen were injected intraperitoneally at 16 h prior ... | 2001 | 11719110 |
| cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cell and eosinophil responses after challenge in mice vaccinated with living infective third-stage hookworm larvae. | to examine the quantitative and qualitative alterations in mast cells and eosinophils distributed in the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues of hookworm-infected, uninfected and vaccinated mice. | 1999 | 11721464 |
| nematode infections of the eye: toxocariasis and diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis. | in many parts of the world, parasitic infections of the eye are a major cause of blindness. the parasites toxocara canis, onchocerca volvulus, taenia solium, ancylostoma caninum, and cysticercus celulosae all have been responsible for blinding ocular infections. the nematodes t. canis and toxocara cati are parasitic roundworms that infect dogs (toxocarosis), other canidae, and cats. ocular toxocariasis is an uncommon worldwide infection caused by the nematode larvae of t. canis, commonly found i ... | 2001 | 11734685 |
| molecular characterization of ancylostoma inhibitors of coagulation factor xa. hookworm anticoagulant activity in vitro predicts parasite bloodfeeding in vivo. | bloodfeeding hookworms, which currently infect over a billion people in the developing world, are a leading cause of gastrointestinal hemorrhage and iron deficiency anemia. the major anticoagulant inhibitor of coagulation factor xa has been identified from the hookworm parasite ancylostoma ceylanicum using reverse transcription pcr and 3'-rapid amplification of cdna ends. this is the first anticoagulant cloned from a hookworm species for which humans are recognized permissive hosts. despite appr ... | 2002 | 11741914 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of ac-mep-1, a developmentally regulated gut luminal metalloendopeptidase from adult ancylostoma caninum hookworms. | a zinc metalloendopeptidase cdna (ac-mep-1) was cloned from ancylostoma caninum adult hookworms. ac-mep-1 is encoded by a 2.8 kb mrna with a predicted open reading frame (orf) of 870 amino acids (predicted pi=5.5, m.w.=98.7 kda) that contains four potential n-linked glycosylation sites and predicted zinc-binding domains (hexxh and enxadxgg). these domains represent signature sequences of the neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (neprilysin) family of enzymes. the orf corresponding to ac-mep-1 exhibited s ... | 2002 | 11755191 |
| single-strand conformation polymorphism-based analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 reveals significant substructuring in hookworm populations. | sequence heterogeneity in a portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (pcox1) was measured for the hookworms, ancylostoma caninum from australia, a. duodenale from china, and necator americanus from china and togo using single-strand conformation polymorphism (sscp) analysis combined with dna sequencing. the pcox1 sequences were characterised for individual nematodes displaying genetic variation within each of the three species, and those were compared with pcox1 sequences ... | 2002 | 11824618 |
| effect of short-term coyote removal on populations of coyote helminths. | coyote (canis latrans) removal programs often are initiated despite the potential population regulatory mechanism of parasitism with increased coyote density. we investigated the effect of intensive, short-term coyote removal on population levels of helminths in juvenile and adult coyotes from western texas. coyotes were killed by aerial gunning every 3 mo for 2 yr on two 5,000 ha areas, which reduced the overall coyote density of these areas by about 50%. two other 5,000 ha areas were used as c ... | 2002 | 11838229 |
| effect of thiabendazole on ancylostoma caninum. | thiabendazole inhibits nematode development before the third stage is reached. the minimum effective concentration is 0.1 microgram/ml during the first 48 hours of development and 1.0 microgram/ml at 72 hours of development. the drug has no effect on the third stage but is again effective on larvae that have undergone 72 hours of development in the intestine of the specific host (dog). increasing concentrations of the drug seem to be necessary to kill the larvae as the organism progresses in dev ... | 1965 | 11850956 |
| response to carbon dioxide by the infective larvae of three species of parasitic nematodes. | the response of infective third-stage larvae (l3) of three species of parasitic nematodes, ancylostoma caninum, strongyloides stercoralis, and haemonchus contortus to carbon dioxide (co(2)) at physiological concentrations was investigated. l3 of the skin-penetrating species, a. caninum and s. stercoralis, were stimulated by co(2) at the concentration found in human breath (3.3-4%); these larvae responded by crawling actively, but not directionally. crawling was not stimulated by breath passed th ... | 2002 | 11880227 |