Publications

enhancement of water intake by captopril (sq14225), an angiotensin i-converting enzyme inhibitor, in the goldfish, carassius auratus.	single intraperitoneal (ip) injections of angiotension ii (ang ii) stimulated water intake for 60 min in a dose-related manner in the goldfish, carassius auratus. single ip injections of captopril (sq14225), an angiotension i-converting enzyme (ace) inhibitor, at lower doses (0.4 and 4.0 micrograms/fish), stimulated water intake for 60 min. this stimulation cannot be ascribed to an increase in levels of plasma ang i, since ang i (2.2 micrograms/fish) did not stimulate drinking in the presence of ...	1988	3282972
isolation and culture of auditory cells from the goldfish (carassius auratus).	large numbers of hair cells and viiith nerve ganglion cells are obtained from the inner ears of adult goldfish by a combination of enzymatic and mechanical dissociation. centrifugation of the dissociated tissue through a discontinuous density gradient produces one fraction enriched in hair cells and another enriched in nerve cells. the fraction of cells enriched in neurons can be put into cell culture and kept for a period of weeks. during that period, the neurons send out processes that can ext ...	1987	3308802
comparison of acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase staining patterns in the optic tectum of the goldfish carassius auratus. a histochemical and immunocytochemical analysis.	although the optic tectum of nonmammalian vertebrates has been extensively studied anatomically, there is little information about the identification of neurotransmitters and the enzymes critical to their synthesis. choline acetyltransferase (chat), the enzyme responsible for acetylcholine synthesis, is presently regarded as the most reliable marker for cholinergic neurons, and its localization within putative cholinergic neurons has been made possible by the development of antibodies specific t ...	1987	3311287
sensorimotor mapping and oropharyngeal reflexes in goldfish, carassius auratus.	the vagal lobe of goldfish and some carps is a laminated, specialized lobe of the midmedulla containing both primary sensory terminals and primary motor neurons. both the sensory and motor components are represented in the lobe in a matching, orotopic fashion, i.e. the oral cavity is mapped across the surface of the lobe. anatomical tracing studies reveal that the circuitry exists for a point-to-point reflex system in which the superficial sensory layers are mapped directly onto the underlying m ...	2012	3334903
lighting conditions and retinal development in goldfish: absolute visual sensitivity.	goldfish (carassius auratus) were reared from hatching in constant light (340 lux), cyclic light (12 hr 320 lux, 12 hr dark) or constant dark. absolute visual threshold was determined psychophysically in animals that still responded to visual stimuli after 1-3 years of exposure, by means of a classically conditioned respiration suppression technique wherein animals were presented with different intensities of large diffuse flashes of monochromatic light. fish reared in constant light and fish re ...	1988	3335432
effects of telencephalic ablation on habituation of arousal responses, within and between daily training sessions in goldfish.	goldfish carassius auratus were presented with a moving shadow stimulus at 2-min intervals and their cardiac and ventilatory responses were monitored. normal fish, fish with their telencephalon ablated, and those with sham operations were compared for responsiveness and habituation to repeatedly presented stimuli over the 3-day test period. while all groups showed increased habituation on successive days testing, fish with their telencephalon ablated showed significantly slower response habituat ...	1988	3345194
changes in brain aromatase and 5 alpha-reductase activities correlate significantly with seasonal reproductive cycles in goldfish (carassius auratus).	aromatization and 5 alpha-reduction are known to be required for the full expression of testosterone actions in neuroendocrine tissues. although aromatase and 5 alpha-reductase activities in brain and pituitary can be experimentally manipulated by castration and steroid replacement, naturally occurring variations during seasonal reproductive cycles have not been examined in any species. goldfish (carassius auratus) were selected for study because they exhibit exceptionally high levels of aromata ...	1988	3345716
the effect of ethanol on temperature selection in the goldfish, carassius auratus.	the effect of ethanol on behavioral thermoregulation in the goldfish, carassius auratus, was studied by adding ethanol to a horizontal aquatic temperature gradient which allowed each fish to select its preferred temperature within a range of about 9 degrees c to 33 degrees c. alternating exposure to 1.0% (v/v) ethanol and water showed that fish (10 to 15 g) responded to ethanol by selecting lower temperatures. onset and disappearance of the effect occurred within 10 min of exposure to or removal ...	2012	3362919
gonadotropin content of the pituitary gland of gonadal tumor-bearing common carp x goldfish hybrids from the great lakes, as assessed by bioassay and radioimmunoassay.	the hybrids of carp (cyprinus carpio) and goldfish (carassius auratus) collected from the lower great lakes between 1978 and 1981 exhibited epizootics of gonadal neoplasm which were rare in the parental species. the pituitary glands of hybrids were, on average, 2.5 times larger than that of carp of similar body size. histologically, the hypertrophy was due to hyperplasia of proximal pars distalis basophils (the presumptive gonadotropes). using a carp gonadotropin (gth) radioimmunoassay it was fo ...	1988	3366360
functional-anatomical studies of neural control of heart rate in goldfish.	neural control of heart rate (hr) was investigated in goldfish, carassius auratus, using electrical stimulation of the brain. three types of hr response were evoked by stimulation: hr decreases during stimulation (type i); hr increases during stimulation (type ii), and hr decreases during stimulation, followed by increased rates at the offset (type iii). type i bradycardias were evoked by stimulation of the preoptic area and diencephalon, specifically in the ventral thalamus-dorsal hypothalamus ...	1988	3370444
vitamin e deficiency in goldfish fed a shellfish derived diet.	six month old, laboratory-raised goldfish (carassius auratus) used in morphologic studies of retinal development developed progressive fraying and deterioration of the tail and fins that reached epizootic proportions and culminated in fungal infection and death. diagnostic histopathology showed marked skeletal muscle degeneration in the muscles of the tail and caudal body wall compatible with a vitamin e/selenium deficiency. ration analysis demonstrated inadequate vitamin e in the commercial shr ...	1988	3374095
a high abundance androgen receptor in goldfish brain: characteristics and seasonal changes.	testosterone (t) exerts its actions in brain directly via androgen receptors or, after aromatization to estradiol, via estrogen receptors. brain aromatase activity in teleost fish is 100-1000 times greater than in mammals and would be expected to significantly reduce the quantity of androgen available for receptor binding. experiments were carried out on the goldfish carassius auratus to determine if androgen receptors are present in teleost brain and whether their physicochemical properties ref ...	1988	3396501
in vivo steroid regulation of aromatase and 5 alpha-reductase in goldfish brain and pituitary.	the full expression of testosterone (t) actions in neuroendocrine tissues requires aromatization and 5 alpha-reduction to estradiol (e2) and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (dht), respectively. recently, we documented striking changes in aromatase and 5 alpha-reductase during the annual reproductive cycle of goldfish (carassius auratus). to investigate possible regulatory effects of sex steroids, goldfish were implanted with hormone-filled silastic capsules for 2-5 weeks. conversion of [3h]androsten ...	1988	3410295
thermoregulatory effects of intracranial norepinephrine injections in goldfish.	cannulas were implanted into forebrain loci of goldfish (carassius auratus; 45-90 g) to determine the effects and site of action of intracranial norepinephrine (ne) injections on behavioral thermoregulation. following 30 min in a thermal gradient, implanted fish were injected with norepinephrine-bitartrate salt (2.5-500 ng ne) in 0.2 microliter 0.7% nacl. injections of 5, 10, 25, and 50 ng ne into the anterior aspect of the nucleus preopticus periventricularis (npp, ref. 25) led to consistent do ...	1987	3425760
aquatic toxicity of acrylates and methacrylates: quantitative structure-activity relationships based on kow and lc50.	recent epa scrutiny of acrylate and methacrylate monomers has resulted in restrictive consent orders and significant new use rules under the toxic substances control act, based on structure-activity relationships using mouse skin painting studies. the concern is centered on human health issues regarding worker and consumer exposure. environmental issues, such as aquatic toxicity, are still of concern. understanding the relationships and environmental risks to aquatic organisms may improve the un ...	1987	3438503
comparative morphometric study of the vestibular system of the vertebrata: reptilia, aves, amphibia, and pisces.	morphometric measurements were made from serial sections of the vestibular system in four classes of vertebrates: reptilia, aves, amphibia, and pisces. representative species of reptile studied were the lizard (gekko gecko), the common garter snake (thamnophis sp.), and the common turtle (chelonia sp.). the budgie (melopsittacus undulatas), the common pigeon (columba domestica), the yellow-bellied sapsucker (sphyrapicus varius), and the horned owl (bubo virginianus) were chosen as representative ...	1986	3485883
fundulus heteroclitus gonadotropin(s). i. homologous bioassay using oocyte maturation and steroid production by isolated ovarian follicles.	isolated ovarian follicles from several species were cultured to develop an in vitro bioassay system for fundulus heteroclitus gonadotropin. an extract of f. heteroclitus pituitaries, when tested in heterologous systems using follicles from rana pipiens. xenopus laevis, and carassius auratus, was ineffective in provoking either germinal vesicle breakdown or steroid production. in a homologous system using f. heteroclitus follicles, f. heteroclitus pituitary extract was capable of inducing both g ...	1987	3497837
choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemical staining in the goldfish (carassius auratus) brain: evidence that the mauthner cell does not contain choline acetyltransferase.	in the hatchetfish, the mauthner cell (m-cell) is thought to be cholinergic based on electrophysiological studies using cholinergic agents and on the localization of acetylcholinesterase (ache) and alpha-bungarotoxin to m-cell-giant fiber synapses. immunocytochemical studies have shown that mammalian and non-mammalian cholinergic neurons stain positive for choline acetyltransferase (chat), the enzyme responsible for synthesizing acetylcholine. we processed tissue from the goldfish (carassius aur ...	1986	3530376
gonadotropin production and release in female goldfish (carassius auratus) after administration of pimozide and an lhrh analogue as studied by electron microscopy and radioimmunoassay.	the effect of pimozide and an lhrh-analogue (lhrh-a) on gonadotropic cells of the goldfish pituitary gland were described qualitatively and quantitatively. a scale of four categories was devised to reflect various ultrastructural appearances of the cells. experimental animals were divided into a control group, a group injected with lhrh-a alone, pimozide alone, and groups receiving these two substances in combination. fish injected with the single substance were killed 12 h after injection while ...	1987	3552232
distribution of ligulid tapeworms in china.	a survey of ligulid tapeworms carried out from 1979 through 1985 covered 29 provinces and autonomous regions in china. of the 25,800 fishes of 219 species that were dissected, fishes of 43 species were found to serve as second intermediate hosts. these tapeworms inflict heavy losses on freshwater commercial fisheries. their distribution indicates 3 distinct major zones: the qing zang gaoyuan is dominated by ligula; the rest of china, with the exception of a crescent area in guangdong province bo ...	1987	3572664
bioassayable cholecystokinin in the brain of the goldfish, carassius auratus.	cholecystokinin (cck)-gastrin peptides are shown to be present in the brain of all the species ranging from coelenterates to mammals. differentiation between cck and gastrin, presumed to be evolved from a common ancestral cerulein-like peptide, has been suggested to occur at the level of the amphibians. we examined the presence of bioassayable cck, as determined by its potency to stimulate enzyme secretion from isolated rat pancreatic acini, in the brain of the goldfish carassius auratus, a more ...	1987	3574607
the peripheral distribution and central projections of the sensory rami of the facial nerve in goldfish, carassius auratus.	taste buds in goldfish and other cyprinids are found not only within the oropharyngeal cavity but also scattered over the external body surface. the external taste buds are innervated by branches of the facial nerve that terminate centrally in an enlargement of the medulla termed the facial lobe. the peripheral distribution and areas of innervation of the rami of the facial sensory nerve were determined by using a modification of the sihler technique and by examination of a bodian-stained head s ...	1987	3584562
[the studies on chromatin structure and basic protein composition of mature sperm in carassius auratus gibelio].		1987	3660986
in vivo effect of dopamine antagonists on melanocyte-stimulating hormone cells of the goldfish (carassius auratus l.) pituitary.	young goldfish were injected with three dopaminergic antagonists, pimozide, sulpiride, and domperidone, for 5 (low dose) and 7 days (higher dose). cytological and immunocytochemical techniques using anti-alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (msh) serum were applied to the pituitary. msh cells in the three treated groups showed a decrease in immunoreactive cytoplasmic granules, a significant nuclear hypertrophy, and, after 7 days, a cellular enlargement. the nucleolus and the lamellar endoplasmic ...	2013	3666418
epileptogenesis is associated with heightened arousal responses in fish.	intramuscular injection of sodium penicillin in roach (rutilus rutilus) caused delayed habituation of arousal responses to repeated presentation of the onset of illumination or of a 'tap' stimulus. topical application of aluminum hydroxide to the telencephalon of roach had a similar effect but was shown, also, to induce electroencephalographic seizures, in which the eeg amplitude was elevated from 4-20 times its normal level. both treatments caused intermittent, abnormal 'weaving' behaviour and ...	1987	3671527
a qsar study of the acute toxicity of some industrial organic chemicals to goldfish. narcosis, electrophile and proelectrophile mechanisms.	1. a baseline toxicity qsar model was derived for the 24-h lc50 to the goldfish, carassius auratus. 2. the qsar-predicted lc50 values for six epoxide derivatives were 2.8-985 times greater than measured. the excess toxicity of these epoxides and other compounds was ascribed to an electrophile molecular mechanism involving sn2 reaction with sulphydryl and other neucleophile groups present in enzymes and other biological macromolecules. 3. the excess toxicities of allyl alcohol and pentaerythritol ...	1987	3673107
topographic representation of the sensory and motor roots of the vagus nerve in the medulla of goldfish, carassius auratus.	the coelomic root of the vagus nerve in goldfish is connected with sensory and motor nuclei of the medulla that are distinct from those serving the orobranchial roots of the same nerve. the primary sensory nucleus for coelomic sensation is itself divisible into medial and lateral subnuclei on the basis of afferent input and immunocytochemistry. the lateral subnucleus receives sensory input from the specialized chewing organ in the posterior pharynx and is poor in both substance p-like and tyrosi ...	1987	3680630
dopaminergic regulation of horizontal cell gap junction particle density in goldfish retina.	light- or dark-adapted goldfish (carassius auratus) retinas were treated with dopamine, which is believed to uncouple horizontal cells via d1 receptors, or with the dopamine antagonist haloperidol. aldehyde-fixed retinas were freeze-fractured and the replicas examined by electron microscopy to identify horizontal gap junctions. the density (number per micron2) of intra-membrane particles of horizontal cell soma gap junctions was significantly lower in light-adapted and dopamine-treated retinas t ...	1987	3693614
acoustic response and tuning in saccular nerve fibers of the goldfish (carassius auratus).	the acoustic frequency selectivity of over 500 saccular nerve fibers of the goldfish was studied using automated threshold tracking based on spike rate increments defined statistically. saccular fibers of the goldfish show great variation in (1) best sensitivity (-26 to + 35 db re: 1 dyn/cm2), (2) best frequency (below 100 to 1770 hz), (3) spontaneous rate (0 to over 200 spikes/s), (4) spontaneous type (silent, regular, irregular, burst), and (5) degree of tuning (q 10 db from less than 0.1 to 2 ...	1986	3722599
the organization of the motoneurons innervating the axial musculature of vertebrates. i. goldfish (carassius auratus) and mudpuppies (necturus maculosus).	the motoneurons innervating different regions of the myomeres in goldfish and mudpuppies were examined by applying hrp to the musculature or to branches of spinal nerves. in goldfish, the populations of motoneurons innervating epaxial or hypaxial muscle occupied similar positions in the motor column and had similar size distributions. there was no relationship between the size or location of a motoneuron in the motor column and the dorsoventral location of the muscle it innervated in the myomere ...	1986	3745506
structure and function of the melano-macrophage centres of the goldfish carassius auratus.	we have studied the melano-macrophage centres (mmcs) of carassius auratus as well as the changes they undergo in different experimental conditions. the mmcs of the spleen contain brown and yellow pigments, but dark pigments abound in those of the kidney. they occur in association with splenic ellipsoids and scattered throughout the renal parenchyma. histochemical tests demonstrated small amounts of lipids and basic proteins, abundant neutral mucopolisaccharides and differences between the spleen ...	1986	3765335
two distinct mechanisms mediating interocular transfer in the goldfish (carassius auratus)?	it is known that the postoptic commissures mediate the interocular transfer of visual discriminations in fish. our experiments demonstrated that information relating to shape crosses in one of these commissures, the horizontal, whereas a completely separate commissure, the minor, mediates the transfer of information relating to color. such a clear distinction provides a valuable model for the further study of interhemispheric phenomena.	1986	3770123
characteristics of a testosterone-estradiol binding globulin (tebg) in goldfish serum.	neuroendocrine tissues in teleost fish aromatize androgen to estrogen at extraordinarily high rates. as part of a project in which we are studying the dynamics of sex steroid uptake, metabolism, and receptor binding in goldfish (carassius auratus) brain and pituitary, we have identified and characterized a sex-steroid-binding component of serum. this protein has been designated a testosterone-estradiol-binding globulin (tebg) since it bound testosterone (t) and estradiol-17 beta (e2) with high a ...	1986	3814697
acute toxicity of nitrofurazone to channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, and goldfish, carassius auratus.		1987	3814851
retinal topography in the optic tract of adult goldfish.	the present study was aimed at determining how transformations in fiber order establish a retinal topography in the optic tract of adult carassius auratus. horseradish peroxidase was applied to the optic nerve or retina, and the pathways of labeled axons originating from retinal annuli or wedges were analysed in reconstructed serial-sections and wholeamounts of the optic pathway. the age-related fiber order of the optic tract involves a rotation of the optic pathway that begins near the chiasm, ...	1986	3822125
influence of isolation stress and inhibited protein biosynthesis on learning and memory in goldfish.	goldfish, carassius auratus auratus l. (pisces, cyprinidae), were trained by different kinds of training procedures under the influence of cycloheximide or puromycin, two inhibitors of the protein biosynthesis. after active avoidance training in a shuttle box an apparent amnesia was found only when the fish were exposed to a one day lasting isolation stress prior to training. if the animals were accustomed to isolation over a period of 20 days the inhibitors did not affect memory formation. afte ...	2013	3823175
[experimental morphologic studies of the retina of the goldfish (carassius auratus l.) after prolonged exposure to light and darkness].		2006	3827474
difference in the lethal effects of carcinogens/mutagens among three cultured goldfish (carassius auratus) cell lines.		1985	3834097
effect of rest deprivation on motor activity of fish.	the rest-activity behavior of two fish species, cichlosoma nigrofasciatum and carassius auratus kept under 12-h light-12-h dim condition was investigated. rest and activity were determined from continuous time-lapse video recordings. three states were discriminated based on the degree of motor activity. both species exhibited a clear rest-activity rhythm with activity predominating during the light period. 'rest deprivation' was carried out in perch during the habitual dim period by exposing the ...	1985	3837116
serial ablations of the telencephalon and avoidance learning by goldfish (carassius auratus).	simultaneous bilateral ablation of the teleost telencephalon was confirmed to dramatically impair the retention, extinction, and "reversal learning" of a preoperatively learned instrumental avoidance response in a shuttle box. the focus of the experiment was on whether two-stage serial unilateral ablations of the teleost telencephalon would ameliorate the effects seen following one-stage bilateral ablation and whether such amelioration would be a function of the fish's experiences between the st ...	1985	3843724
effects of ph on in vitro ovulation of goldfish (carassius auratus) oocytes.	the in vitro effects of ph on goldfish (carassius auratus) ovulation were investigated. final oocyte maturation and follicular detachment were induced in vivo in gravid goldfish by hcg injections and elevated holding temperatures. females were biopsied to determine the time of germinal vesicle breakdown and when oocytes should be removed for in vitro incubations. prior to ovulation, the ovaries were removed, dissected and mature intrafollicular oocytes were incubated in media of varying ph (7.3- ...	1985	3863880
effect of insulin on meiosis reinitiation induced in vitro by three progestogens in oocytes of the goldfish (carassius auratus).	three progestogens were tested for their ability to elicit meiosis reinitiation as evidenced by germinal vesicle dissolution (gvd) in goldfish (carassius auratus) follicle-enclosed oocytes in vitro. in two independent experiments 17 alpha-20 beta-dihydroxyprogesterone (dhp) was most active followed in turn by 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (hp) and progesterone (p). values of the effective dose for a 50% response for gvd induced by p and hp were significantly reduced by the addition of na-insulin, ...	1985	3880712
urotensin ii-immunoreactive neurons in the caudal neurosecretory system of freshwater and seawater fish.	antiserum generated against synthetic urotensin ii of the goby, gillichthys mirabilis, was used to localize urotensin ii in the caudal neurosecretory system in six species of freshwater teleosts: cyprinus carpio, carassius auratus, oreochromis mossambicus, oreochromis niloticus, salmo gairdneri and plecoglossus altivelis, and six species of seawater teleosts: acanthogobius flavimanus, pagrus major, parapristipoma trilineatum, trachurus japonicus, seriola dumerili and seriola quinqueradiata. in t ...	1985	3884162
influences of catecholamines on growth hormone release in female goldfish, carassius auratus.	the influence of catecholamines on growth hormone (gh) release in female goldfish was investigated by monitoring serum gh levels following injections of drugs known to alter catecholamine synthesis and neural activities. intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 6-hydroxydopamine, a catecholaminergic neurotoxin, or alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine, a catecholamine synthesis inhibitor, decreased serum gh levels. intraperitoneal injection of l-beta-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) increased serum gh concentration ...	1985	3925362
anomalous behavior of goldfish igm heavy chain in sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.	by sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the heavy chain of the serum immunoglobulin (igm) of the goldfish (carassius auratus) differs not only from other studied vertebrate serum igm heavy chains, but also from other vertebrate lymphocyte membrane igm heavy chains including those from the goldfish itself. this difference, an increase in apparent mr of approximately 5000, was investigated by assessing in comparison with the igm heavy chain of human and rainbow trout (salmo ga ...	1985	3931966
seasonal variations in body growth rates and circulating levels of growth hormone in the goldfish, carassius auratus.	several times throughout the year, changes in serum growth hormone (gh) levels over a 24-h period were determined in goldfish maintained under photoperiods and temperatures simulating natural (edmonton) environmental conditions. in the goldfish a reproducible daily rhythm in circulating gh levels was not present at any time of the year. the average serum gh level over the daily sampling period and the instantaneous relative growth rate in goldfish sampled at the various times of the year were al ...	1986	3950566
attempts to train goldfish to respond to magnetic field stimuli.	two different conditioning procedures, one appetitive and the other aversive, were used in separate attempts to demonstrate response to magnetic fields in the goldfish, carassius auratus. our results lead us to question those of an orientation experiment by becker, although we recognize the possibility that goldfish may be sensitive primarily to magnetic field direction rather than intensity and that their directional sensitivity may be evidenced most readily by orientation in the field.	1986	3951559
localization of telencephalic regions concerned with habituation of cardiac and ventilatory responses associated with arousal in the goldfish (carassius auratus).	goldfish (carassius auratus) were presented with a "light-on" stimulus at 2-min intervals, and their cardiac and ventilatory responses were monitored. normal fish, fish with sham operations for telencephalic lesions, and fish with bilateral electrolytic lesions of the telencephalon (anterior commissural and posterior telencephalic groups) were compared for responsiveness and habituation to regularly presented stimuli. there was no evident difference in responsiveness between the four groups, tho ...	1986	3954879
elevations in gonadotrophin concentrations and milt volumes as a result of spawning behavior in the goldfish.	in many male mammals and birds, exposure to sexual stimuli results in acute elevations of circulating luteinizing hormone (lh) and testosterone (t); a similar phenomemon has now been observed in the male goldfish (carassius auratus). mature males placed with either a receptive female or stimulus pairs of spawning goldfish had gonadotrophin (gth) concentrations and expressible milt (sperm) volumes that were significantly greater than those of males kept in all-male groups. this stimulatory effect ...	1985	3972238
the structure of the kidney from the freshwater teleost carassius auratus.	the structure of the kidney of the crucian carp (carassius auratus; a freshwater teleost, cypriniformes) was studied by means of reconstruction from serial paraffin and semithin sections. in c. auratus, the wolffian duct traverses the entire kidney. at various levels collecting ducts of different length and thickness join the wolffian duct at right angles. each collecting duct accepts a large number of connecting tubules, which are established by the joining of many nephrons. a regular pattern c ...	1985	3985356
the effects of temperature- and oxygen-acclimation on phospholipids of goldfish (carassius auratus l.) brain microsomes.	brain microsome phospholipids and their acyl groups, from temperature and oxygen acclimated goldfish, were investigated. at the lower acclimation temperature (5c) the proportion of ethanolamine- to choline-glycerophosphatides (gpe/gpc) was increased, and the proportion of phosphatidal ethanolamine value decreased. a rise in the n-6/n-3 fatty acyl group also occurred in cold acclimation. irrespective of acclimation temperature, 25 degrees c or 5 degrees c, a partial replacement of gpc by gpe occu ...	1985	4000392
polycystic kidney disease in goldfish (carassius auratus) from hamilton harbour, lake ontario, canada.	severe kidney enlargement was observed in 6.3% (5 of 80) of goldfish collected from a heavily polluted industrial basin. externally the fish had generalized swelling and abdominal distension. the kidneys contained numerous large, clear, fluid-filled cysts (polycystic) that ranged in size from microscopic to 4 cm in diameter. affected kidneys had a wide range of histological changes-including the presence of large multiple cysts that caused severe distension and compression of normal renal tissue ...	1985	4002536
involvement of gonadotrophin and steroid hormones in spermiation in the amago salmon, oncorhynchus rhodurus, and goldfish, carassius auratus.	effects of intraperitoneal injections of chum salmon gonadotrophin (sga) and various steroid hormones (17 alpha, 20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one; 17 alpha,20 beta-diohprog, 17 alpha-hydroxy-progesterone, testosterone, 11-ketotestosterone) on the induction of in vivo spermiation were examined in nonspermiating amago salmon (oncorhynchus rhodurus) and goldfish (carassius auratus). a single injection of sga to amago salmon and two successive injections to goldfish induced strong spermiation respo ...	1985	4018553
comparative neurotoxicity of tubulin-binding drugs: inhibition of goldfish optic nerve regeneration.	intraperitoneal or intraocular (io) injection of tubulin-binding drugs in goldfish, carassius auratus l., inhibited axonal regeneration or restoration of functional synapses in optic axons following optic nerve crush. one eye was used to detect effects on regeneration and the other was kept intact to detect effects on maintenance of established optic circuits. regeneration was assessed by measuring the time to reappearance of a visually evoked branchial suppression response. three drugs, vincris ...	1985	4024120
effects of cytochalasin b on steroid-induced oocyte meiosis and centrifugally induced nuclear movement in the goldfish carassius auratus.	in goldfish, 17 alpha, 20 beta-dihydroxyprogesterone (dhp) induced oocyte nucleus or germinal vesicle migration (gvm) and dissolution (gvd) in a dose-related fashion. administration of cytochalasin b (cb) in the presence of dhp inhibited the steroid-induced gvm and gvd after 24 and 48 h of incubation. the presence of cb alone, at concentrations below 25 micrograms/ml, had no effect on gvm or gvd. furthermore, cb, either alone or in combination with dhp, elicited significant increases in follicul ...	1985	4041968
latent inhibition experiments with goldfish (carassius auratus).	evidence of latent inhibition was sought in a series of experiments with goldfish. in experiment 1, goldfish were given nonreinforced preexposure to a color that subsequently predicted shock in an activity conditioning situation; their performance did not differ from that of control animals preexposed to a markedly different color. in experiment 2, a group of goldfish given nonreinforced preexposure to a tone and an unstimulated control group were trained in an appetitive situation, with the ton ...	1985	4042616
topographic and laminar organization of the vagal gustatory system in the goldfish, carassius auratus.	the large majority of intraoral taste buds in goldfish are located on the gill arches and on the palatal organ, a muscular organ situated on the roof of the mouth. these taste buds are innervated by branches of the vagus nerve which terminate in a laminated vagal lobe, itself being an enlargement of the special visceral sensory column of the medulla. the tracer horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was used to determine the connectivity of the various branches of the vagus nerve that innervate the oropha ...	1985	4044910
peripheral and central oculomotor organization in the goldfish, carassius auratus.	peripheral and central oculomotor organization was studied in the goldfish. the sizes of the extraocular muscles were quantified by counting the fibers contained in a given muscle and by area measurements of the cross-sectional surfaces. all the muscles were of approximately similar size. kinematics were determined by electrical stimulation of a given muscle. the macroscopic appearance and kinematics of the muscles had the characteristics of other lateral-eyed animals (e.g., rabbit). locations o ...	1985	4044944
erythrocytic magnesium in freshwater fishes.	erythrocytic magnesium in rainbow and speckled trout (salmo gairdneri, salvelinus fontinalis) carp (cyprinus carpio) and goldfish (carassius auratus) was examined by correlation analyses involving weight, hemoglobin content, plasma magnesium, erythrocytic sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride and unidentified anion concentration and chloride equilibrium potential, and in relation to possible diurnal and seasonal variation as well as with respect to constant, diurnally cycling and progressively in ...	1985	4046640
the effect of temperature- and oxygen-acclimation on phospholipids of goldfish (carassius auratus l.) brain mitochondria.	goldfish (carassius auratus l.) were temperature- and oxygen-acclimated and the composition of the phospholipids and their acyl groups in brain mitochondria was determined. the proportion of ethanolamine to choline phospholipid was greater while the plasmenyl ethanolamine value (p-gpe/d- + p-gpe) was lower at the low acclimation temperature. for the ethanolamine glycerophospholipids, a rise in the ratio n-6/n-3 fatty acyl groups occurred with cold acclimation. no significant change in the ratio ...	1985	4058656
aromatase and 5 alpha-reductase in the teleost brain, spinal cord, and pituitary gland.	the distribution of aromatase and 5 alpha-reductase was investigated in the brain, spinal cord, and pituitary of adult goldfish (carassius auratus) and toadfish (opsanus tau) of both sexes. tissue homogenates were incubated with [3h]androstenedione in the presence of an nadph-generating system and, following validation of assay conditions, radiolabeled products (estradiol, estrone, 5 alpha-androstanedione), were measured as an index of enzyme activity. neuroendocrine tissue of both species produ ...	1985	4065533
further observations on the presence of wandering phagocytes within the teleostean retina.	a previous report by this author has noted the presence of wandering phagocytes at the photo-receptor-retinal epithelial interface in five teleostean species. a further 5 species have now been investigated by electron microscopy and again all specimens examined consistently show the presence of this population of phagocytes. the new species studied are the goldeye (hiodon alosoides), the yellow eel (anguilla anguilla), the archer fish (toxotes jaculatrix), the goldfish (carassius auratus) and th ...	1985	4073522
extracellular osmiophilic oval bodies in the vagal and facial lobes of carassius auratus (teleostei-cyprinidae).	during the study of ultrathins sections of the vagal lobes and the facial lobe of carassius auratus (teleostei cyprinidae), by electron microscopy, extracellular oval or discoidal, very osmiophilic structures were found in the neuropil of the lobes. the structures measured approximately 73 nm long 58 nm wide, and 29 nm thick and were located within the extracellular spaces surrounding some glial and neural processes; they were closely apposed to the external membrane of these cells, sometimes fo ...	1985	4086810
validation of radioimmunoassay systems for the measurement of 11-keto- and 11 beta-hydroxytestosterone in teleost blood.	highly specific antisera for 11-keto- and 11 beta-hydroxytestosterone have been raised in sheep. assay systems for the simultaneous measurement of 11-ketotestosterone, 11 beta-hydroxytestosterone, testosterone, progesterone and estradiol-17 beta were validated for ictalurus nebulosus plasma and carassius auratus serum. in males of both species 11-ketotestosterone and testosterone were the major steroids detected. in females, testosterone and estradiol-17 beta were the predominant steroids measur ...	1985	4092434
isolation and partial characterization of immunoglobulins of goldfish (carassius auratus) and carp (cyprinus carpio).		1971	4100986
feedback effects of thyroxine on the hypothalamus and pituitary of goldfish, carassius auratus.		1971	4108167
intraneuronal transport in the hypothalamoneurohypophysial system of the goldfish (carassius auratus).		1973	4120325
effects of catecholamines upon serum ffa levels in normal and diabetic goldfish, carassius auratus l.		1973	4145506
the effect of prolactin on water influx in isolated gills of the goldfish, carassius auratus l.		1973	4145520
intestinal peroxisomes in the goldfish (carassius auratus).		1973	4146111
effects of thermal acclimation on physiological responses to handling stress, cortisol and aldosterone injections in the goldfish, carassius auratus.		1973	4146633
carotenoid pigments in goldfish (carassius auratus l.). vi. the effect of acth and phenylthiourea on the discoloration and the carotenoid metabolism.		1973	4147807
death induced by injection stress in cold-acclimated goldfish, carassius auratus.		2014	4147938
effect of hypothalamic extracts on prolactin secretion in the goldfish, carassius auratus l.		1974	4156202
metabolism iodine and thyroid hormone synthesis in the goldfish, carassius auratus l.		1965	4159949
[5-hyroxytryptamine in the central nervous system of the gold- fish (carassius auratus)].		2014	4177370
[hormonal stimulation of ovarian adenyl cyclase in the rat and a teleost fish (carassius auratus): influence of adenosine triphosphate concentration].		1974	4212669
a stochastic locomotor control model for the goldfish (carassius auratus).		1974	4212902
[origin of transbranchial electric potential difference in the goldfish carassius auratus. importance of ca++ ion].		2014	4217665
[autoradiographic study of the anterior pituitary gland of carassius auratus after injection of d-glucose-6-h3].		1966	4227873
involvement of gonadotropin and steroid hormones in the spermiation of the goldfish (carassius auratus).		1969	4238929
properties of muscle phosphofructokinase of cold- and warm-acclimated carassius auratus.		1971	4257181
effects of alloxan, streptozotocin or d-mannoheptulose upon serum free fatty acid and serum glucose levels in goldfish, carassius auratus l.		1972	4264729
environmental temperature and the body fluid system of the fresh-water teleost v. plasma electrolyte levels and branchial microsomal (na+-k+) atpase activity in thermally acclimated goldfish (carassius auratus).		1974	4281368
histological changes in interrenal tissue of the goldfish, carassius auratus, following x-irradiation.		1966	4290427
temperature adaptation and the phospholipids of membranes in goldfish (carassius auratus).		1970	4315097
[hormonal control of water turnover and balance in the intact and hypophysectomized fresh water teleost carassius auratus].		1970	4316333
[hormonal stimulation of adenyl cyclase activity of the ovary of a teleost fish, the goldfish (carassius auratus l.)].		1970	4319719
localization and metabolism of 1,2- 3 h-vetamin d 3 and 26,27- 3 h-25-hydroxycholecalciferol in goldfish (carassius auratus l.).		1972	4342453
partial purification of the crowding factor from carassius auratus and cyprinus carpio.		1974	4362349
lack of vitamin d3 synthesis by goldfish (carassius auratus l.).		1974	4373206
in vitro response of goldfish (carassius auratus l.) dermal melanophores to cyclic 3',5'-nucleotides, nucleoside 5'-phosphates and methylxanthines.		1974	4373483
plasma concentrations of cortisol in hypophysectomized and sodium chloride-adapted goldfish (carassius auratus l.).		1974	4374488
[influence of temperature on ovarian adenyl cyclase and its hormonal stimulation. comparative study in the rat and in a teleostean fish (carassius auratus)].		1974	4375497
the concentration of adrenaline and noradrenaline in the brain and the heart of the goldfish, carassius auratus.		1967	4382411
temperature-induced changes in sodium transport and na+-k+-adenosine triphosphatase activity in the intestine of goldfish (carassius auratus l.).		1971	4399669
effects of vertebrate insulins upon serum ffa and phospholipid levels in the goldfish, carassius auratus linnaeus.		1972	4402086
the effects of cooling on electrical responses of goldfish (carassius auratus) central nervous system.		1972	4404513
acoustic stimulation of the ear of the goldfish (carassius auratus).		1974	4411820
effects of hypothalamic and thalamic lesions on prolactin secretion in goldfish (carassius auratus).		1974	4413142