Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| the treatment of microfilaremia due to wuchereria bancrofti var. pacifica: ivermectin versus diethylcarbamazine]. | in october 1989, a controlled, double-blind parallel group trial was implemented to compare both efficacy and tolerability of single doses of ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine (dec). fifty eight apparently healthy wuchereria bancrofti carriers were hospitalized and randomly allocated to treatment with ivermectin 100 mcg/kg, dec 3 or 6 mg/kg. six months later, half of those initially treated with ivermectin 100 mcg/kg and dec 3 mg/kg were given a second similar dose while the rest were given a pl ... | 1991 | 1958108 |
| experimental infection of humans with filariae. | this report summarizes the findings of the 17 published studies involving humans who have been experimentally infected with filarial parasites. over the past 60 years, 45 individuals have been deliberately infected with wuchereria bancrofti, brugia malayi, brugia pahangi, loa loa, mansonella perstans, mansonella ozzardi, and/or onchocerca volvulus. the findings from these experimental infections of humans have helped define microfilarial survival and periodicity within human hosts, the prepatent ... | 1991 | 1962076 |
| filariasis eradication on kinmen proper, kinmen (quemoy) islands, republic of china. | a control program for bancroftian filariasis was conducted on kinmen proper from 1970 to 1982. the combined method of mass chemotherapy with diethylcarbamazine (dec) for microfilarial carriers and larvicide with sumithion for mosquitoes was used on the island for 3 years (1974-76). the microfilarial rate and microfilarial density decreased from 8.4% and 14.6/20 microns in 1970-73 to 0.7% and 5.3/20 microns in 1976. the infection rate, infective rate, and larval density of culex quinquefasciatus, ... | 1990 | 1971493 |
| interaction of monoclonal antibodies with cuticular antigens of filarial parasites, brugia malayi and wuchereria bancrofti. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) have been prepared against excretory-secretory-metabolic (esm) antigens of microfilariae (mf) of wuchereria bancrofti (wbmfesm) and against third stage larvae (l3) of brugia malayi (bml3), and purified from ascites fluids with ammonium sulphate. both antibodies were of the igm type and did not react with phosphorycholine. the mab against bml3 (f46) reacted in elisa with antigens of l3 of b. malayi, b. pahangi and w. bancrofti and of adults of b. malayi. the mab raise ... | 1990 | 1978538 |
| the occurrence of loiasis, mansonellosis and wuchereriasis in the jarawa river valley, central nigeria. | in a study to assess the status of filariasis in the jarawa river valley of the savanna area of nigeria, 940 self-selected residents from 10 villages were examined between march 1984 and april 1987. overall results showed 105 (11.2%) had microfilaraemia and/or clinical signs of filariasis. sixty-four (6.8%) and 20 (2.1%) persons, respectively, were infected with mansonella perstans and loa loa microfilariae (mff). four of the 28 villagers examined had wuchereria bancrofti mff in their night bloo ... | 1990 | 1980569 |
| epidemiology of brugia malayi infection and its co-existence with wuchereria bancrofti in and around sillaberia phc, district midnapur, west bengal. | of 2186 persons investigated in thirteen villages of sillaberia phc, 19 were found to be infected with brugia malayi and only one person harboured microfilaria (mf) of wuchereria bancrofti. similarly 41 persons exhibited signs and symptoms of chronic filariasis. the mf and disease rates percent worked out to be 0.914 and 1.87 respectively. the earliest ages showing mf and disease manifestations were 3 and 11 respectively. the mean mf density ranged from 2 to 12.2 per 20 cumm of blood. the male a ... | 1990 | 1983013 |
| prevalence of wuchereria bancrofti infection in some coastal villages of ganjam, orissa. | the endemicity of filariasis was assessed in 42 villages of coastal keluapalli phc in ganjam district of orissa. prevalence was found to vary greatly between extreme coastal and subcoastal villages. the infection was non existent in 12 coastal villages. age and sexwise distribution of filariasis cases have been analysed and presented. | 1990 | 1983014 |
| ivermectin inhibits molting of wuchereria bancrofti third stage larvae in vitro. | the effect of ivermectin or diethylcarbamazine (dec) on wuchereria bancrofti molting from the third to the fourth larval stage (l3 to l4) was evaluated in vitro. l3 larvae were harvested from laboratory-reared aedes togoi 2 wk after feeding upon a microfilaremic human volunteer. the larvae were kept in an artificial medium (franke's ni medium) with 10% human serum under an atmosphere of 5% co2 for 20 days. experimental tubes also contained ivermectin (0.1-1,000 ng/ml) or dec (0.1-10,000 ng/ml). ... | 1991 | 1992087 |
| comparison of high dose ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine for activity against bancroftian filariasis in haiti. | this three-phase study was designed to compare high dose ivermectin with a standard diethylcarbamazine (dec) regimen for patient tolerability, potential to kill adult filaria, and duration of microfilarial suppression in 30 haitian subjects with wuchereria bancrofti microfilaremia. all were first given a 1-mg oral dose of ivermectin (phase 1) to reduce microfilaria densities. participants were randomized into three groups: group 1 received dec (6mg/kg per day for 12 days), group 2 received 200 m ... | 1991 | 1996738 |
| analysis of isotype-specific antifilarial antibody levels in a haitian pediatric population. | previous studies of antifilarial antibodies in a pediatric population residing in an area with endemic wuchereria bancrofti filariasis have demonstrated age related shifts in antifilarial immunity. to further characterize humoral responses in haitian children, serum samples from 129 patients (3 months-15 years of age) were analyzed by elisa for isotype-specific antifilarial antibody responses. age-stratified analysis of geometric mean antibody titers showed significant increases in antibody tite ... | 1991 | 2012259 |
| evidence of nonsusceptibility to diethylcarbamazine in wuchereria bancrofti. | this study assessed wuchereria bancrofti-infected patients who received diethylcarbamazine (dec) to determined if drug levels were comparable between individuals who continued to harbor circulating microfilariae and those whose blood became clear of parasites, between those with high and low microfilaria counts, and between infected and noninfected persons. haitian volunteers undergoing treatment for w. bancrofti and two nonendemic controls were enrolled. dec levels in serum and urine samples we ... | 1991 | 2019765 |
| c-reactive protein in patients with lymphatic filariasis: increased expression on lymphocytes in chronic lymphatic obstruction. | levels of c-reactive protein (crp) were evaluated by enzyme immunoassay in patients infected with the filarial parasite wuchereria bancrofti. significantly elevated levels of crp (p less than 0.001) were demonstrated in patients with chronic lymphatic pathology (cp; n = 18) compared to patients with asymptomatic microfilaremia (mf; n = 13) and normal volunteers (nv; n = 29). serum levels of crp showed an inverse correlation (rs = -0.37; p less than 0.05) with phosphocholine (pc)-containing filar ... | 1991 | 2022721 |
| incidental detection of microfilariae in cytological smears: clinical examples. | incidental detection of microfilariae of w. bancrofti in fine-needle aspiration and imprint cytology smears is reported in patients referred for some unrelated complaints. | 1991 | 2023286 |
| release of wuchereria bancrofti by culex pipiens. | 1991 | 2033305 | |
| a sri lankan man with eosinophilia, wheezing, and cough. | 1991 | 2041965 | |
| double blind study on efficacy and safety of single doses of ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine for treatment of polynesian wuchereria bancrofti carriers. results at six months. | in 1989, a double-blind trial was implemented in tahiti to compare both efficacy and tolerability of single doses of ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine (dec) for treatment of wuchereria bancrofti carriers. of 58 carriers, in whom microfilarial (mf) density was greater than or equal to 100 mf/ml, 23, 24 and 11 were randomly allocated to treatment with respectively ivermectin 100 mcg/kg, dec 3 and dec 6 mg/kg. one week after treatment, clearance of microfilaremia was complete in 22 of the 23 carrie ... | 1991 | 2052854 |
| age specific patterns of change in the dynamics of wuchereria bancrofti infection in papua new guinea. | results of a longitudinal study of the age-specific dynamics of wuchereria bancrofti infection in a community of east sepik province, papua new guinea (png) are described. microfilarial (mf) density and serum levels of w. bancrofti phosphorylcholine-containing antigen (pc-ag) in individuals were used as indirect measures of adult worm burden. these parasitological data were collected from 126 subjects greater than 4 years of age at two time points, 12 months apart, prior to the administration of ... | 1991 | 2063955 |
| serological evaluation of the macrofilaricidal effects of diethylcarbamazine treatment in bancroftian filariasis. | an mr 200,000 phosphorylcholine-containing antigen (pc-ag) of predominantly adult worm origin was found in the sera of humans infected with wuchereria bancrofti. this paper describes results of a longitudinal study of changes in levels of pc-ag in response to diethylcarbamazine (dec) therapy as measured by two-site immunoradiometric assay (irma) and western blotting. one hundred thirty-two residents of a bancroftian filariasis-endemic area of papua new guinea (png) were treated with a 72 mg/kg d ... | 1991 | 2063956 |
| control and surveillance of filariasis in shandong. | 1991 | 2065525 | |
| immunoepidemiology of lymphatic filariasis: the relationship between infection and disease. | lymphatic filariasis is manifested by a spectrum of symptoms that range from microfilaraemia to gross immunopathology. the geographical variations seen in this disease have been explained by heterogeneity in genetically determined host responses. by modelling the disease through time, don bundy, bryan grenfell and p.k. rajagopalan can provide a simple, unified explanation for the observed heterogeneity. their model shows that there is a sequential progression from infection, microfilaraemia, ami ... | 1991 | 2069681 |
| a direct fluorescence technique for the rapid detection of sheathed microfilariae in blood smears. | thick and thin blood smears containing microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti, loa loa, brugia malayi, brugia pahangi, brugia patei or acanthocheilonema viteae were prepared from either cryopreserved blood samples or from freshly collected blood, fixed in methanol and treated with a fluoresceinated lectin wheat germ agglutinin. sheathed microfilariae of w. bancrofti, l. loa, b. malayi, b. pahangi and b. patei in the blood smears could be easily detected and counted using a fluorescence assay. the ... | 1990 | 2074139 |
| a highly specific and sensitive monoclonal antibody-based elisa for the detection of circulating antigen in bancroftian filariasis. | a monoclonal antibody, og4c3, directed against antigens of onchocerca gibsoni (but not phosphorylcholine) has been used in a sandwich elisa to detect a circulating antigen of wuchereria bancrofti in human serum. the interfering effect of host antibody was reduced by first boiling one part of serum for 5 min in the presence of three parts of 0.1 m na2edta, ph 4.0. a total of 119 sera from individuals and 8 pooled sera from clinically and/or parasitologically defined cases of filariasis, plus 8 in ... | 1990 | 2075384 |
| a single diethylcarbamazine dose for treatment of wuchereria bancrofti carriers in french polynesia: efficacy and side effects. | in the fall of 1988, 14 tahitian wuchereria bancrofti carriers were treated by a single diethylcarbamazine (dec) 3 mg/kg dose. determination of blood microfilarial (mf) density was carried out on days 0, 7, 14, 30, 90 and 180 using the membrane filtration technique. clinical signs and side effects were noted during the 3 days following treatment. complete clearance of microfilaremia was observed in two carriers (negativation rate 14%). a decrease of mf density was noted in all of the 14 carriers ... | 1990 | 2075489 |
| antibodies to microfilarial sheath in bancroftian filariasis--prevalence and characterization. | antibodies directed towards the sheaths of microfilariae have been implicated in the elimination of circulating microfilariae, both in experimental and human filariasis. in the present study antisheath antibodies have been detected in human sera by indirect immunoperoxidase assay (ipa) using fixed wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae as antigen. one hundred and eighteen sera collected from an area endemic for bancroftian filariasis were tested. while 80% of sera from microfilariae carriers had no ... | 1990 | 2076039 |
| the filaria litomosoides galizai in mites; microfilarial distribution in the host and regulation of the transmission. | the mites, bdellonyssus bacoti, are engorged on rodents having 800 to 60,000 microfilarie/10 mm3 blood. quantitation of l. galizai larval development shows that an additional blood meal improves development and that high microfilaremiae do not result in a proportional increase in the number of infective larvae. the first important stage of transmission regulation occurs during ingestion of microfilariae: the numbers of ingested microfilariae are lower than expected in cases of high microfilaremi ... | 1990 | 2085265 |
| [indirect immunofluorescence in filariasis. ii. humoral response in a population living close to a patient with confirmed wuchereria bancrofti (nematoda: filarioidea), cuba, 1983]. | this paper deals with the study by knott technique, membrane filter and indirect immunofluorescence, of 256 individuals living in pinar del rio city, neighbors of a patient suffering elephantiasis produced by wuchereria bancrofti, 111 donors of the blood bank in the same city, and 10 patients coming from endemic areas who were hospitalized at the "pedro kouri" tropical medicine institute, with certainty diagnosis of bancroftiasis. circulating microfilariae were not found in the neighbors of the ... | 1990 | 2089511 |
| frequency distribution of lymphatic filariasis microfilariae in human populations: population processes and statistical estimation. | this paper uses simple mathematical models and statistical estimation techniques to analyse the frequency distribution of microfilariae (mf) in blood samples from human populations which are endemic for lymphatic filariasis. the theoretical analysis examines the relationship between microfilarial burdens and the prevalence of adult (macrofilarial) worms in the human host population. the main finding is that a large proportion of observed mf-negatives may be 'true' zeros, arising from the absence ... | 1990 | 2092297 |
| frequency distribution of wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae in human populations and its relationships with age and sex. | this paper examines the effects of host age and sex on the frequency distribution of wuchereria bancrofti infections in the human host. microfilarial counts from a large data base on the epidemiology of bancroftian filariasis in pondicherry, south india are analysed. frequency distributions of microfilarial counts divided by age are successfully described by zero-truncated negative binomial distributions, fitted by maximum likelihood. parameter estimates from the fits indicate a significant tren ... | 1990 | 2092298 |
| [on the transmission role of residual microfilaremia cases in the area with filariasis virtually eradicated]. | the transmission role of the residual microfilaremia cases was studied in pingle village, liangqing township, yongning county where bancroftian filariasis had been virtually eradicated during 1984-1988. the results indicated that after the microfilarial rate of the human population met the criterion of elimination of filariasis, namely below 1% of the total population in all the administrative villages, and the average density of microfilaria being around 5 per 60 microliters peripheral blood, s ... | 1990 | 2095997 |
| effects of untreated bed nets on the transmission of plasmodium falciparum, p. vivax and wuchereria bancrofti in papua new guinea. | the impact of untreated bed nets on the transmission of human malaria and filariasis in a village in a hyperendemic area of papua new guinea was studied. in anopheline mosquitoes, the plasmodium falciparum sporozoite antigen positivity rate, filarial infection rates and human blood indices dropped significantly after bed nets were introduced. this reduction in human-vector contact did not affect mosquito density as no significant difference in either landing rates or indoor resting catches was f ... | 1990 | 2096502 |
| effect of two successive annual treatments with single doses of ivermectin on microfilaraemia due to wuchereria bancrofti var. pacifica. | between 1986 and 1988 a single-blind, dose-ranging study was carried out in french polynesia to determine the efficacy and tolerability of single 50, 100, 150 and 200 micrograms/kg doses of ivermectin in wuchereria bancrofti carriers. forty male microfilariae (mf) carriers between 18 and 50 years of age, in whom mf density was greater than or equal to 20 mf/ml, were treated twice at a one-year interval. twelve months after the second treatment, in carriers who were given a dose greater than or e ... | 1990 | 2096518 |
| [epidemiological survey on patients with advanced filariasis in shandong province with bancroftian filariasis basically eliminated]. | this paper reports on the incidence of advanced filariasis after basic elimination of bancroftian filariasis since 1983 in shandong province. investigation was carried out in a population of 166,776 between 1984 and 1988 in 252 villages of teng xian and other 5 counties/cities, the erstwhile highly endemic areas. a total of 1,038 filariasis patients were found with an average incidence of 0.6%. among them, 383 were with elephantiasis, 357 with chyluria and 298 with hydrocele. 902 cases (86.9%) w ... | 1990 | 2099251 |
| [interactions between filaria worms and insect-vectors]. | 1990 | 2099265 | |
| excretory/secretory antigens from a bovine filarial parasite cross react with human antifilarial antibodies. | certain excretory/secretory proteins released by adult females of the bovine filarial parasite, setaria digitata, along with the release of microfilariae when chromatographically analysed has three major protein fractions of molecular weights 70 kd (esf1), 16.5 kd (esf2) and 11 kd (esf3). of these esf2 and esf3 cross reacted with antibodies from wuchereria bancrofti infected humans. esf2 was more specific and accurate in detecting human filarial infection. similar proteins secreted by human fila ... | 1990 | 2099327 |
| assessment of intradermal test in longitudinal surveillance of bancroftian filariasis. | longitudinal surveillance was carried out consecutively during 1982-1987 in two pilot villages where bancroftian filariasis was prevalent in different severity before 1982. intradermal test (it) with filaria polypeptide (fpt) antigen prepared from dirofilaria immitis was made. it was shown that the level of immediate hypersensitivity reaction to the antigen in population as shown by it appeared to be directly proportional to both the prevalence of the disease and the infection rate of mosquitoes ... | 1990 | 2112439 |
| comparison of dot-elisa with sandwich elisa in detecting circulating antigen in patients with bancroftian filariasis. | dot-elisa assay was compared with standard sandwich elisa in detecting parasite antigen in sera from patients with bancroftian filariasis. the same monoclonal antibody and the same serum samples were used in both assays. with dot-elisa, 67 of 70 serum samples from microfilaremic patients were positive at a dilution of 1:50. end titers ranged from 1:80 to 1:1 280. while with sandwich elisa, 64 of the 70 serum samples were positive at a dilution of 1:10. end titers ranged from 1:10 to 1:320. the s ... | 1990 | 2123770 |
| a technique for microfilarial detection in preserved blood using nuclepore filters. | nuclepore filtration is now the most widely used method of detecting microfilaremia, particularly if microfilariae are few in number. however, this system requires the blood sample to be processed promptly after collection. using blood from wuchereria bancrofti-infected patients, 3 solutions were tested to determine whether blood could be held for delayed processing. of these, we identified 1, 2% formalin/10% teepol, in which microfilaremic blood can be held for at least 9 mo without deteriorati ... | 1990 | 2123924 |
| specific and cross-reacting antibodies in human responses to onchocerca volvulus and dracunculus medinensis infections. | immunoelectroblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to identify non-cross-reacting antigenic components of dracunculus medinensis and the filarial worms onchocerca volvulus, loa loa, wuchereria bancrofti, brugia malayi, and mansonella ozzardi. parasite specific serodiagnostic elisa systems for onchocerciasis and dracunculiasis were devised based on these findings. phosphate buffered saline extracts of adult worms were passed through a column of monoclonal antibodies to phosphor ... | 1990 | 2138430 |
| immunocytochemical localization of surface antigens in microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti. | antigenic sites were localized on the surface structure (sheath and cuticle) of microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti using sera from microfilaraemic and amicrofilaraemic patients using antibodies associated to colloidal gold particles and transmission electron microscopy. no labeling was observed on the surface of intact parasites. microfilariae without the sheath and isolated sheath were obtained by ultrasound treatment. using these preparations labeling of the inner portion of the sheath was ... | 1990 | 2178771 |
| evaluation of medium supplements for in vitro cultivation of wuchereria bancrofti. | third-stage larvae (l3) of wuchereria bancrofti molt to the fourth stage in an in vitro culture medium composed of nctc 135 and iscove's modified dulbecco's medium (1:1; v/v) supplemented with 10% human serum and a mixture of anti-bacterial and anti-mycotic agents. in the present investigation this culture medium was used to examine the effects of different concentrations of human serum, medium supplements, and serum replacements on larval growth, development, and molting. several medium supplem ... | 1990 | 2181107 |
| a controlled trial of ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine in lymphatic filariasis. | ivermectin is a new antifilarial drug that can be given in a single oral dose. to compare the efficacy and side effects of ivermectin with those of diethylcarbamazine, the standard antifilarial treatment, we conducted a randomized, double-blind trial in 40 south indian men with lymphatic filariasis caused by wuchereria bancrofti. patients were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: a single low dose of ivermectin (mean [+/- se], 21.3 +/- 0.7 micrograms per kilogram of body weight; n = 13) ... | 1990 | 2181312 |
| bancroftian filariasis and ivermectin. | 1990 | 2181314 | |
| presence of microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti in cervicovaginal smears. | 1990 | 2181805 | |
| eradication of bancroftian filariasis by diethylcarbamazine-medicated common salt on little kinmen (liehyu district), kinmen (quemoy) islands, republic of china. | since bancroftian filariasis constituted a major public health problem on little kinmen (liehyu district), kinmen (quemoy) islands, a control programme was conducted on this island from 1970 to 1982. a pre-control survey recorded a microfilarial rate (mfr) of 9.6%, a night blood microfilarial density (mfd) of 14.4/20 microliters blood, and a clinical rate of 26.2%. culex quinquefasciatus was found to be the only vector of the parasitosis on the island, with an infection rate (ir) with all filari ... | 1990 | 2184787 |
| immunodiagnosis of bancroftian filariasis. | the indirect fluorescent antibody test, the enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay and the indirect haemagglutination test were evaluated in immunodiagnosis of bancroftian filariasis using w. bancrofti microfilarial antigens. the tests gave a higher positive reactions with microfilaraemic, clinical filarial and endemic normal sera respectively. non-specific cross-reactions were common in the three tests, so immunodiagnosis should be preceded by stool examination. ifat gave the highest sensitivity an ... | 1990 | 2185319 |
| evaluation of in vitro released wuchereria bancrofti third stage larval antigens for detection of bancroftian filariasis. | three types of in vitro released excretory, secretory and metabolic antigens of wuchereria bancrofti third larval stage (l3esm) are evaluated in elisa test to detect infected individuals in the endemic area. a total of 104 reference sera are used to predict the sensitivity of these antigens. none of l3 esm antigens, although homologous in nature, did not identify correctly the categorised reference sera. this study clearly indicated a need for defined antigens to detect w. bancrofti infection ea ... | 1990 | 2187228 |
| efficacy of two different dec regimens in the treatment of human filarial infection. | two regimens of diethyl carbamazine (dec) viz., 14 day and 5 day, were compared for microfilaricidal effect and side effects, in the treatment of bancroftian filariasis. the rate of successful treatment, cure rate and decrease in mf count were found to be significantly high with the 14 days regimen when assessed immediately after treatment. about 40 per cent of subjects on the 14 days regimen and 66 per cent of patients on 5 days regimen experienced side reactions. the severity of side reactions ... | 1990 | 2188905 |
| differential recognition of brugia malayi antigens by bancroftian filariasis sera. | individuals residing in an area endemic to wuchereria bancrofti infection were broadly categorised as endemic normals (en), microfilaraemics (mf + ve) and elephantoids i.e., chronic lymphatic filariasis (el). the immune status of these three groups was examined in terms of (i) specific antibody levels; (ii) ability to induce antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) to microfilariae; and (iii) ability to recognise different microfilarial antigens by immunoblotting. all three groups of ende ... | 1990 | 2188906 |
| fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of bancroftian filariasis. | 1990 | 2189234 | |
| the prevalence of naturally acquired multiple infections of wuchereria bancrofti and human malarias in anophelines. | malaria and filaria infection rates were determined for anopheline mosquitoes collected whilst biting and resting in village houses in papua new guinea. the number of anophelines infected with both parasites was greater than expected from the infection rates of each parasite and this difference was significant in resting collections. the excess of multiply infected mosquitoes is probably a result of a vector population composed of individuals with differing numbers of opportunities to become inf ... | 1990 | 2194153 |
| comparison of dot-elisa with sandwich-elisa for the detection of circulating antigens in patients with bancroftian filariasis. | we compared the performance of a newly developed dot-elisa with that of a previously described sandwich-elisa to detect parasite antigens in sera from patients with bancroftian filariasis. the same monoclonal antibody and the same sera were used in both tests. in the dot-elisa, 67 of 70 sera from microfilaremic donors were deemed to contain filarial antigens when screened at a dilution of 1:50. end titers were 1:80-1:1280. with the sandwich-elisa, 64 of the same sera were positive at a dilution ... | 1990 | 2196825 |
| effect of a single dose (3 mg/kg) of diethylcarbamazine on wuchereria bancrofti var pacifica microfilaraemia. | 1990 | 2199802 | |
| live male adult w. bancrofti in the anterior chamber--a case report. | 1990 | 2201627 | |
| isolation, purification and characterization of surface antigens of the bovine filarial parasite setaria digitata for the immunodiagnosis of bancroftian filariasis. | the surface antigens of the bovine filarial parasite setaria digitata were isolated by edta extraction and purified by affinity chromatography using sepharose bound human filarial (wuchereria bancrofti) antibodies obtained from chronic human filarial sera. the purified and crude antigens were used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of serum antibodies in bancroftian filariasis. the purified antigen showed sensitive and specific reactions in elisa for the detection of ... | 1990 | 2201719 |
| factors affecting transmission of wuchereria bancrofti by anopheline mosquitoes. 3. uptake and damage to ingested microfilariae by anopheles gambiae, an. arabiensis, an. merus and an. funestus in east africa. | laboratory observations were made on the uptake of microfilariae (mf) of wuchereria bancrofti by anopheles gambiae, an. arabiensis, an. merus and an. funestus. over host mf densities ranging from 450/ml to 1735 mf/ml neither the percentage of mosquitoes ingesting mf nor the mean number of mf per mosquito was correlated to host mf density. all mosquito species damaged mf during ingestion but the proportion harmed was independent of host mf density. the mean proportion damaged was 0.67 in an. gamb ... | 1990 | 2202106 |
| [epidemiological characteristics and control of filariasis in hunan province]. | of 98 counties or cities in hunan province, 55 were endemic areas of filariasis. the average microfilaria rate was 5.64% (180,046/3,194,102), and the incidence of advanced filariasis, including elephantiasis and hydrocele was 3.29%. the number of filariasis patients in the whole province was estimated to be 1.63 million, comprising 1.25 million of microfilaremia cases, culex fatigans and anopheles hyrcanus sinensis were the major vectors of bancroftian and malayan filariasis respectively in the ... | 1990 | 2208629 |
| sex differentials in susceptibility to lymphatic filariasis and implications for maternal child immunity. | this paper reviews epidemiological data to see if there are sex differentials in prevalence, density and clinical pathology due to lymphatic filariasis. of 53 studies from africa, south east asia, the indian subcontinent and the americas, 43 showed a lower mean prevalence of infection in females than in males. prevalence is consistently lower in women of reproductive age and this is statistically significant in 16 of 32 studies classified by age and sex. density of infection is also lower in the ... | 1990 | 2209738 |
| prevalence of wuchereria bancrofti in georgetown, guyana. | a random sample bloodsmear survey was conducted during evening hours in georgetown, guyana, to determine the prevalence of wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae. in all, 182 of 2,818 persons tested (6.5%) yielded positive results--indicating that the overall prevalence of bancroftian filariasis has not diminished and may be on the rise. relatively high prevalences found in children and adolescents point to active transmission. it appears likely that certain socioeconomic and environmental factors h ... | 1990 | 2224329 |
| double blind clinical trial on centperazine & dec in bancroftian filariasis. | centperazine, an analogue of dec, was subjected to a double blind controlled trial, to evaluate its efficacy as a newer antifilarial agent. centperazine (300 mg/day) along with equivalent quantities of dec and placebo were administered to different types of filariasis patients. dec was found to be significantly effective in reducing peripheral microfilaraemia, in different weeks and months of follow-up, except at the end of 6th month, as compared to centperazine. there was no significant differe ... | 1990 | 2228058 |
| a mathematical analysis of various factors involved in transmission of bancroftian filariasis in pondicherry. | the variation of clumping factor in microfilaraemia among different age groups was observed in pondicherry for 1981 and 1986. the clumping factor was minimum in the age group 0-5 yr and it was maximum in 16-20 yr group in 1981 and 21-25 yr in 1986. the variation in clumping factor resembled the changes in microfilaria (mf) rate. multiple linear regression analysis showed that the multiple correlation between mf rate and the other parameters i.e., median microfilarial density (mfd50), clumping fa ... | 1990 | 2228060 |
| estimation of fecundic life span of wuchereria bancrofti from longitudinal study of human infection in an endemic area of pondicherry (south india). | the fecundic life span of adult female w. bancrofti was estimated by longitudinal study of microfilaraemia in a cohort of population (7,525) in pondicherry. the estimation was based on a deterministic model, using the rate of loss in infection. the life span of the parasite was 10.2 yr without chemotherapy, while it was reduced to 5.3 yr following diethyl-carbamazine therapy. the analysis of mean microfilarial counts in microfilaraemic persons without chemotherapy indicates that the rate of prod ... | 1990 | 2228061 |
| filariasis cross react in ihat for leishmaniasis. | 1990 | 2230343 | |
| diethylcarbamazine in the control of bancroftian filariasis in the highly endemic ok tedi area of papua new guinea: phase 1. | the effects of a well-spaced diethylcarbamazine (dec) mass drug application in areas highly endemic for wuchereria bancrofti in papua new guinea are not known. in 1986 a semi-annual single-dose 6 mg/kg body weight administration of dec was initiated in the ok tedi area of western province, papua new guinea. the rate of bancroftian filariasis in the area was 39%. within two years the rate of detectable microfilaraemia was reduced from 31% to 11% in the treated group. the mean blood density of the ... | 1990 | 2238834 |
| parasite antigenemia in untreated and treated lymphatic filarial infections. | to evaluate the merit of antigen detection assays as a tool to monitor the efficacy of chemotherapy for lymphatic filariasis, we serially measured antigen levels in sera from jirds infected with brugia malayi and from humans with bancroftian filariasis. antigenemia was detected in all animals with parasitologically proven infection and was present in jirds with prepatent or occult filariasis. antigen levels correlated with worm burdens, and progressively declined in drug-cured animals. treatment ... | 1990 | 2240372 |
| a simple deterministic model for bancroftian filariasis transmission dynamics. | a differential equation model for bancroftian filariasis transmission dynamics is developed. fluctuations of the mosquito vector population are related to environmental variables such as climate and vector control operations. prevalence in the mosquito population and mean worm burden in the human population are considered. the behaviour of the model is compared with epidemiologic and entomological data from pondicherry (south india). the model enables one to make predictions on the effect of fut ... | 1990 | 2255837 |
| ivermectin for treatment of bancroftian filariasis in french polynesia: efficacy in man, effect on transmission by vector aedes polynesiensis. | forty male polynesian w. bancrofti carriers with mf counts greater than or equal to 20/ml were treated with a single ivermectin 50, 100, 150 or 200 mcg/kg dose. following therapy, mf levels fell to less than 1% of pretreatment levels in the carriers treated with the 3 highest doses. after one month, negativation rate was 40% in patients treated with a 50 mcg/kg dose, significantly lower than in patients treated with higher doses. recurrence of microfilaremia was observed by 3 months, mf recurren ... | 1990 | 2255839 |
| cloning of specific diagnostic antigens of onchocerca volvulus. | specific, serological diagnosis is one of the main goals in onchocerciasis research. to date this objective has been hampered by (a) scarcity of parasite material, and (b) antigenic cross-reaction between onchocerca volvulus and other nematode species. in order to obtain specific antigens, and in amounts suitable for study, molecular biological techniques have been adopted. a lambda gt11 cdna expression library prepared from o. volvulus adult female worms was screened using infected human sera f ... | 1990 | 2255840 |
| filarial-specific igg4 response correlates with active wuchereria bancrofti infection. | the filarial-specific humoral immune response of adult residents of two areas of papua new guinea, differing in transmission of wuchereria bancrofti infection was compared. the majority of residents of the village of bonahoi, in an area where transmission of filariasis had been interrupted by a 20-year insecticide spray program to control malaria, showed no parasitologic signs of active w. bancrofti infection and were negative for both circulating phosphorylcholine ag and peripheral blood microf ... | 1990 | 2258618 |
| [indirect immunofluorescence in filariasis. iii. comparison of microfilaremia and treatment. cuba, 1983]. | twenty six patients coming from endemic areas, with diagnosis of filariasis caused by wuchereria bancrofti, loa loa and manzonella (dipetalonema perstans) and 29 patients suspicious of suffering filariasis were studied by means of knott, membrane filter and indirect immunofluorescence techniques. results of microfilaremia were compared with antibody titers and it was verified that there was not relationship between these parameters. the suspicious patients presented higher antibody levels than t ... | 1990 | 2259783 |
| differential humoral and cellular immunoreactivity to saline- and detergent-extracted filarial antigens. | the immunoreactivity to saline- and detergent-extracted filarial antigens of 31 haitian subjects exposed to or infected with wuchereria bancrofti was analysed. cellular reactivity, monitored by blastogenesis in vitro, was significantly greater to a soluble extract of brugia pahangi than to a detergent-extracted antigenic preparation. in contrast, serum antibody levels against the detergent extract were significantly higher. these differences were consistently observed in symptomatic, microfilara ... | 1990 | 2260176 |
| the susceptibility of five laboratory colonies of mosquitoes to the human nematode wuchereria bancrofti (cobbold). | laboratory colonies of anopheles gambiae, an. arabiensis, an. merus, an. quadriannulatus and aedes aegypti formosus were artificially fed on blood containing microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti. the anopheline colonies all supported parasite development to the infective stage, with an. quadriannulatus being the most heavily infected. the parasite did not develop at all in the ae. aegypti formosus colony. | 1990 | 2260902 |
| live male adult w. bancrofti in the anterior chamber. | 1990 | 2272686 | |
| control of bancroftian filariasis by integrating therapy with vector control using polystyrene beads in wet pit latrines. | in the town of makunduchi, zanzibar, wet pit latrines provided breeding places for culex quinquefasciatus and there were few other mosquito breeding places available. the adult mosquito population in bedrooms was monitored for a year and found to consist almost entirely of cx quinquefasciatus of which 2.45% carried infective larvae of wuchereria bancrofti. it was estimated that each person received about 24,993 bites per year, of which 612 were potentially infective. after a year of baseline dat ... | 1990 | 2278079 |
| diagnostic use of polyclonal antibodies raised in mouse ascitic fluid in bancroftian filariasis. | polyclonal antibodies were produced against brugia malayi adult antigens (bma (pbs) sag and bma (sds) sag) in mouse ascitic fluid by immunising balb/c mice intraperitoneally with high ratio of adjuvant to immunogen. the diagnostic use of these antibodies in detecting circulating filarial antigen in bancroftian filariasis was studied by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (sandwich elisa) using stick assay system. both antibodies raised against pbs and sds soluble antigens were found to be ... | 1990 | 2283388 |
| pulmonary dirofilariasis: restudy of worms reported gravid. | a worm in the lung of a man in colombia, whose death was caused by lymphoid leukemia, originally reported as wuchereria bancrofti with embryos in the uterus, was re-examined and identified as a dirofilaria sp. and its gravid condition confirmed. a dirofilaria sp. in the lung of a man in japan, reported as gravid, was found to be nongravid with sloughed fragments of lining of the uterus mistaken for microfilariae. noteworthy in the colombia case is the association of lymphoid leukemia in the host ... | 1990 | 2389822 |
| cloning and characterization of a wuchereria bancrofti-specific dna sequence. | 1990 | 2406592 | |
| secreted and circulating antigens of the filarial parasite brugia pahangi: analysis of in vitro released components and detection of parasite products in vivo. | a range of excretory-secretory (es) antigens have been characterised following in vitro culture of adult brugia pahangi filarial nematodes in serum-free medium. analysis by radioiodination, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and immunoprecipitation of purified macromolecules with antibodies from human and experimental animal infections reveals both host and parasite components. two host molecules appear by molecular weight and immunoprecipitation analysis to be immunoglob ... | 1985 | 2417115 |
| identification of circulating parasite antigen in patients with bancroftian filariasis. | because many cases of lymphatic filariasis cannot be diagnosed either clinically or by immunodiagnostic test based on antibody detection, recent efforts have been more directed towards developing methods for detecting parasite antigen in the blood or urine. using a solid phase (sepharose 4b) two-site immunoradiometric assay (irma) employing hyperimmune rabbit antifilarial antisera, we have previously shown (hamilton et al., 1984) that essentially all cases of patent (ie. microfilaremic) infectio ... | 1986 | 2423277 |
| differential recognition of a protective filarial antigen by antibodies from humans with bancroftian filariasis. | the objectives of this study were to identify filarial antigens which induce enhanced clearance of circulating microfilariae and to establish if human antibody reactivity with these molecules correlates with the apparent parasite burdens of residents of an endemic area of bancroftian filariasis. mice immunized with an extract of brugia malayi microfilariae develop igg antibodies to four major filarial antigens with an apparent molecular weight (mr) of approximately 112,000, 60,000, 45,000, and 2 ... | 1986 | 2423560 |
| molecular characterization of antigens of lymphatic filarial parasites. | 1986 | 2423945 | |
| circulating parasite antigen(s) in lymphatic filariasis: use of monoclonal antibodies to phosphocholine for immunodiagnosis. | hybridoma cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies (mab) against a 200 kd antigen found circulating in the sera of microfilaremic patients infected with wuchereria bancrofti were obtained by immunizing mice with a partially purified antigen preparation. a sensitive mab (ca101)-based elisa for measuring circulating parasite antigen was capable of detecting antigen in the sera of 93% of patients with microfilaremia, 46% of those with lymphatic obstruction, and 56% of patients with tropical pulmo ... | 1987 | 2437195 |
| immunodiagnosis of bancroftian filariasis. | the development of immunodiagnostic tests (idts) for bancroftian filariasis must be aimed at defined objectives, such as the determination of exposure rates, the detection of microfilaraemia and the diagnosis of clinical filariasis. assays for both antibody and antigen detection are necessary. antigen determination may be more appropriate in the detection of microfilaraemia, but for clinical filariasis, antibody determination may prove more useful. the microfilarial surface antigens are very goo ... | 1987 | 2439264 |
| phosphocholine epitopes on helminth and protozoal parasites and their presence in the circulation of infected human patients. | antigens containing phosphocholine (pc) circulate in the blood during chronic filarial infection. because of the wide occurrence of such pc epitopes, we examined their specificity by evaluating 10 common parasites of humans for the presence of pc epitopes, and sera from patients infected with these parasites for circulating antigens containing pc. immunoblot analysis of extracts from various parasites using an anti-pc monoclonal antibody (ca101) demonstrated the presence of pc epitopes on the pr ... | 1989 | 2482559 |
| evaluation of the potential of excretions-secretions (e-s) of litomosoides carinii to substitute for human filarial e-s. | the antigenic cross-reactivity of the excretions-secretions (e-s) of litomosoides carinii was investigated. immunoprecipitation using pooled sera from a number of human filarial infections in combination with sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) analysis revealed variations in the cross-reactivity of individual molecules. some were specific to l. carinii, the major examples in this category being two e-s components of 140 and 160 kda released by day 40- to 42-day ... | 1989 | 2482972 |
| [clinical manifestations of lymphatic bancroftian filariasis]. | a review of clinical manifestations of bancroftian filariasis, based on the literature and in the authors' experience, suggests a general classification in to six groups: 1) normal endemics; 2) individuals bearing microfilaremia; 3) acute manifestations; 4) chronic manifestations; 5) tropical pulmonary eosinophilia; 6) controversial forms. an overview on diagnostic procedures and the immunologic relationship between host and parasite was made in each group. final considerations about treatment w ... | 1989 | 2486416 |
| selective up-regulation of endothelial cell class i mhc expression by cytokines from patients with lymphatic filariasis. | local host immune responses to the lymphatic-dwelling filarial parasite wuchereria bancrofti are important in the pathogenesis of the lymphangitis that leads to filarial elephantiasis. that the lymphatic endothelial cells may be important in this inflammatory process was shown by the ability of supernatants generated from filarial ag-driven pbmc of individuals with filarial elephantiasis caused by w. bancrofti infection to up-regulate class i mhc expression on human umbilical vein endothelial ce ... | 1989 | 2492050 |
| blood groups and filariasis. | only a little is known about the studies done with filariasis in relation to blood groups. the present communication reports the results of a preliminary study carried out to investigate any relationship of abo and rho(d) blood groups in persons with circulating microfilariae (mf) in blood and with disease manifestations compared with healthy normal controls within a population in similar epidemiological and ecological conditions. blood groups abo and rho(d) were investigated among 271 persons w ... | 1989 | 2504655 |
| a lambda gt11 cdna recombinant that encodes dirofilaria immitis paramyosin. | the cdna synthesized from mrna of dirofilaria immitis female adult worms was cloned into the expression vector lambda gt11. screening the library with a hyperimmune rabbit antiserum raised against adult worm homogenates yielded several antigen positive clones. one of these clones, lambda cdi2, was recognized by rabbit antisera raised against either d. immitis l-3, adult, brugia malayi l-3 or onchocerca volvulus adult worm antigen, as well as by antisera from humans naturally infected with o. vol ... | 1989 | 2527335 |
| lymphocyte subpopulations in bancroftian filariasis: activated (dr+) cd8+ t cells in patients with chronic lymphatic obstruction. | to examine the relationship between lymphocyte phenotypes and states of activation in patients with bancroftian filariasis, dual colour flow cytometry and concurrent in vitro cell culture were performed on normal individuals (nv; n = 15), and on patients with either asymptomatic microfilaraemia (mf; n = 12) or elephantiasis (cp; n = 11). in contrast to findings by others in a population with brugian filariasis, the percentages of total b lymphocytes (cd19), t lymphocytes (cd3), helper/inducer t ... | 1989 | 2527654 |
| ivermectin and prothrombin time. | 1989 | 2566081 | |
| survival estimates for adult culex pipiens in the nile delta. | in an endemic area for wuchereria bancrofti filariasis in the nile delta, survival of adult female culex pipiens was estimated by parity rate, mosquito infection and infectivity rates. infection rates and 4th instar larval populations, as well as infection and parity rates, were linearly correlated. infectivity correlated only with parity rates. these associations corresponded to parallel changes in ambient temperature. although survival calculated from parity rates measured longevity of both in ... | 1989 | 2566270 |
| application of a biochemical key to study transmission of malaria and bancroftian filariasis in sibling species of the anopheles gambiae complex in north-eastern tanzania. | a biochemical key was applied in order to study transmission of malaria and bancroftian filariasis in anopheles gambiae sensu stricto, an. arabiensis and an. merus in different localities in north-eastern tanzania. the technique was found to be a useful additional taxonomic tool for field entomologists. significant differences between species in the rate of infection with bancroftian filariasis were obtained between an. gambiae s.s. and an. funestus (p less than 0.005) and between an. funestus a ... | 1989 | 2575868 |
| a monoclonal antibody-based immunoradiometric assay for detection of circulating antigen in bancroftian filariasis. | a monoclonal antibody designated gib 13 has been used in an immunoradiometric assay (irma) to detect circulating antigen in the sera of wuchereria bancrofti-infected subjects from an endemic area of papua new guinea. a clear association between the presence of patent infection and the gib 13 target epitope in serum was established because 93% of microfilaremic individuals were antigen-positive. moreover, there was a significant correlation between levels of serum antigen and blood microfilarial ... | 1985 | 2578153 |
| prominence of igg4 in the igg antibody response to human filariasis. | the four subclasses of igg are distinct in structure, function, and degree of participation in the response to complex antigens. because these differences could have important pathogenetic significance, we analyzed total and filaria antigen-specific igg of each subclass in 31 patients with different clinical manifestations of bancroftian filariasis. subclass-specific, affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies were prepared from antisera raised in sheep immunized with purified myeloma igg subclass ... | 1985 | 2579154 |
| loa loa and mansonella perstans filariasis in the chaillu mountains, congo: parasitological prevalence. | 1934 bantus and 379 pygmies were investigated for loa loa and mansonella perstans filariasis in 7 villages in the chaillu forest of the congo. bantus were more frequently infected with l. loa than pygmies (18.9% of microfilariae carriers compared with 10.6%). in individuals over 30 years of age, males were more frequently infected than females. microfilarial densities increased until the age of 20 years and then remained stable. parasite load was not significantly different in the two ethnic gro ... | 1989 | 2617607 |
| antigenic analysis of excretory-secretory products of wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi infective larval forms by sds-page. | excretory-secretory (es) products of w. bancrofti and the closely related b. malayi infective larval forms were analysed for their antigenic activity by sds-page followed by western blotting as well as by gel elution-sandwich elisa using filarial serum immunoglobulin-g (fsigg) as a capture antibody. in w. bancrofti infective larval es products, the protein molecules of 66, 46, 35, 33, 30 and 14 kda molecular wt. showed antigenic activity by immuno blotting technique. in sandwich elisa technique ... | 1989 | 2633976 |
| differential recognition of loa loa antigens by sera of human subjects from a loiasis endemic zone. | somatic antigens of loa loa adult worms with molecular weights of 15-180 kda were identified by western blot analysis using sera from 3 categories of parasitologically and clinically defined subjects from a loiasis endemic zone. sera of occult, amicrofilaremic (ol), and 'resistant' individuals with no clinical signs of infection (r) reacted with an antigen of 160 kda; sera of highly microfilaremic individuals (ml) did not. ml sera strongly reacted with an antigen of 18 kda which was recognized o ... | 1989 | 2641644 |
| protective immunity in bancroftian filariasis. selective recognition of a 43-kd larval stage antigen by infection-free individuals in an endemic area. | there is little information about naturally occurring protective immunity in individuals living in areas endemic for lymphatic filariasis, though an immunologically hyperresponsive, uninfected group of "endemic normal" individuals that may be immune has been previously recognized. to analyze the nature of the hyperresponsiveness and its potential relation to a state of protective immunity in such individuals, strict clinical, parasitological, and serological criteria were applied to select seven ... | 1989 | 2642916 |
| clinical and laboratory aspects of filariasis. | human filarial infections afflict over 150 million persons worldwide and are major causes of morbidity in many developing countries. onchocerca volvulus infection is a leading preventable cause of blindness, while bancroftian and brugian filariasis may produce lymphatic obstruction of the genitalia and extremities (elephantiasis). definitive diagnosis of these helminthic infections currently depends on demonstration of microfilariae in host tissues, i.e., the skin in the case of o. volvulus and ... | 1989 | 2644023 |
| intraocular filariasis: a brief review. | fifty-six cases of human intraocular filariasis have been reported. in 6, the objects interpreted as filariae may have been artifacts. in 8, a motile worm that apparently was not a filaria was observed. in the remainder, a motile filaria or filaria-like worm was observed, but in only 6 cases were the filariae removed from the eye, described, and identified. three of these were identified as dipetalonema spp., and one each as wuchereria, dirofilaria, and loaina. in 10 cases, filariae were removed ... | 1989 | 2644857 |