Publications

evaluation of the antioxidant properties of mediterranean and tropical fruits compared with common food additives.	several mediterranean and tropical fruits have been analyzed in order to assess their antioxidant activity compared with that of common food additives (butylated hydroxyanisole [bha], butylated hydroxytoluene [bht] and propyl gallate). among mediterranean fruits, red grape and plum were more effective (p < 0.05) scavengers of peroxyl radicals than bha, bht, and propyl gallate. of the tropical fruits, banana was the most effective scavenger of peroxyl radicals. mediterranean and tropical fruits s ...	2001	11770635
response of plum curculio (coleoptera: curculionidae) to odor-baited traps near woods.	response of overwintered plum curculios, conotrachelus nenuphar (herbst), to odor-baited traps was evaluated from the beginning until nearly the end of emigration from overwintering sites in woods. we evaluated clear sticky plexiglas panels and black pyramid traps placed close to woods adjacent to apple trees in an unsprayed section of an orchard. traps were baited with aggregation pheromone (grandisoic acid) alone or in combination with one of six synthetic fruit volatiles (benzaldehvde, decyl ...	2001	11777040
[noxious stimulation-induced morphological changes of nitric oxide synthase-positive neurons in the tongue of rats].	to explore noxious stimulation-induced morphological changes of nitric oxide synthase (nos) positive neurons in the tongue.	2000	11780489
host-specific involvement of the hc protein in the long-distance movement of potyviruses.	plum pox virus (ppv) is a member of the potyvirus genus that, in nature, infects trees of the prunus genus. although ppv infects systemically several species of the nicotiana genus, such as n. clevelandii and n. benthamiana, and replicates in the inoculated leaves of n. tabacum, it is unable to infect systemically the last host. the long-distance movement defect of ppv was corrected in transgenic tobacco plants expressing the 5"-terminal region of the genome of tobacco etch virus (tev), a potyvi ...	2002	11799187
dried plums improve indices of bone formation in postmenopausal women.	menopause drastically increases the risk of osteoporosis. aside from drug therapy, lifestyle and nutritional factors play an important role in the maintenance of skeletal health. our recent findings suggest that dried plums, a rich source of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, are highly effective in modulating bone mass in an ovarian hormone-deficient rat model of osteoporosis. the objective of this study was to examine whether the addition of dried plums to the diets of postmenopausal women posi ...	2002	11860726
[formation of ethyl carbamate in umeshu (plum liqueur)].	samples of umeshu, a japanese plum liqueur made from unripe plums, shochu and crystal sugar, were stored under fluorescent light, in the dark and in the refrigerator. the amount of ethyl carbamate formed in umeshu exposed to light or room temperature was larger than that in the dark or at low temperature. the amount of ethyl carbamate formed in umeshu to which cyanide had been added was larger than that in the absence of added cyanide. thus, the amount of ethyl carbamate formed in the umeshu was ...	2001	11875819
pygeum africanum (prunus africanus) (african plum tree). monograph.		2002	11896748
molecular variability of the p3-6k1 genomic region among geographically and biologically distinct isolates of plum pox virus.	to evaluate molecular variability in the 5' region of the plum pox virus (ppv) genome, a fragment spanning the c-terminal part of p3, the complete 6k1 and start of the ci gene in 12 slovak and french ppv isolates was amplified in ic-rt-pcr and sequenced. computer analysis of obtained and previously published sequences showed rather substantial differences among isolates of ppv-m and d subgroups (percentage of nucleotide identity ranged from 85.65 to 87.68%). there was a relatively low percentage ...	2002	11958455
transposon tn1721 distribution among strains of xylella fastidiosa.	transposons are mobile genetic elements found within the genomes of various organisms including bacteria, fungi, plants and animals. fragments of the transposon tn1721 were found included in the genome of xylella fastidiosa strain 9a5c. regions from such fragments were pcr-amplified using specially designed primers (tnp(1) and tnp(2)). in order to detect insertions of the tn1721 element, both primers were used and one of them included a region of the transposon (tnp(1)) and the other one had the ...	2002	11959431
fatty acid compositions of seed oils of haematostaphis barteri and ximenia americana.	the fatty acid compositions of the seed oils of haematostaphis barteri (blood plum) and ximenia americana (wild olive) plants were determined by the gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (gc-ms) technique. h. barteri contained six fatty acids with oleic (69.35%) and stearic (15.40%) the most abundant unsaturated and saturated fatty acids, respectively. unsaturated higher fatty acids, namely eicosadienoic (6.92%) and erucic acid (2.74%) were detected and the total unsaturation for the oil was 79.0 ...	2002	11991081
the antioxidant activity of regularly consumed fruit and vegetables reflects their phenolic and vitamin c composition.	recent studies are emphasising the importance and putative modes of action of specific flavonoids as bioactive components of the diet in in vivo and in vitro models. thus, it is important to have a clear idea of the major phenolic families of which fruit and vegetables are comprised and the levels contained therein. regularly consumed fruit and vegetables of mixed varieties available on the uk market were analysed for the composition of the major individual phenolic components. the total phenoli ...	2002	11999391
an expanded genetic linkage map of prunus based on an interspecific cross between almond and peach.	the genetic linkage map of prunus constructed earlier and based on an interspecific f2 population resulting from a cross between almond (prunus dulcis d.a. webb) and peach (prunus persica l. batsch) was extended to include 8 isozyme loci, 102 peach mesocarp cdnas, 11 plum genomic clones, 19 almond genomic clones, 7 resistance gene analogs (rgas), 1 rga-related sequence marker, 4 morphological trait loci, 3 genes with known function, 4 simple sequence repeat (ssr) loci, 1 rapd, and 1 cleaved ampl ...	2002	12033621
antioxidant activity of prune (prunus domestica l.) constituents and a new synergist.	ethanol extract of prune was separated into hexane-soluble and h(2)o-soluble fractions, and the h(2)o-soluble fraction was further separated into a methanol (meoh) eluate and an h(2)o eluate by diaion hp-20 column chromatography. the meoh eluate exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity among the separated fractions evaluated by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac). further purification of the meoh eluate led to isolation of a novel compound, 4-amino-4-carboxychroman-2-one, together with ...	2002	12059147
[radiation effects of the chernobyl accident on the hungarian population].	due to the nuclear accident at chernobyl in april 1986, the atmospheric transport spread the released radioactivity throughout the whole europe. the initial plume moved into the north-western direction and a portion of this plum turned to west and later on to south-west. the central european countries including hungary became affected in 29-30 april. the release during the last period (5-7 may) was directed to romania, bulgaria and greece. in addition to the main trajectories of the atmospheric ...	2002	12063853
interaction between potyvirus helper component-proteinase and capsid protein in infected plants.	monoclonal antibodies were raised against helper component-proteinase (hcpro) purified from plants infected with the potyvirus lettuce mosaic virus (lmv). these antibodies were used in a two-site triple antibody sandwich elisa assay together with polyclonal antibodies directed against purified virions. an interaction between hcpro and the viral coat protein (cp) was demonstrated in extracts of lmv-infected leaves, as well as for two other potyviruses, plum pox virus and potato virus y. the cp-hc ...	2002	12075097
syzygium cumini (jamun) reduces the radiation-induced dna damage in the cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes: a preliminary study.	the effects of various concentrations (0.0, 1.56, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 microg/ml) of the leaf extract of syzygium cumini linn. or eugenia cumini (sc; black plum, jamun, family myrtaceae) was studied on the alteration in the radiation-induced micronuclei formation in the cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes. treatment of lymphocytes to various concentrations of sc resulted in a dose dependent increase in the micronuclei-induction, especially after 25-100 microg/ml extract. the ...	2002	12084616
the best of intentions.	cynthia mitchell has finally gotten a plum management opportunity at agfunds, a houston-based company that provides financial services to farmers and farmer-owned cooperatives. peter jones, regional vice president, has recruited cynthia to revive the arkansas district, which has been losing customers for 15 years. the sales force there isn't bad; it's just been poorly managed by an indifferent boss for too long. still, cynthia knows she'll need at least one powerhouse sales rep to get things bac ...	2002	12140853
development of a shoot-tip vitrification protocol and comparison with encapsulation-based procedures for plum (prunus domestica l.) cryopreservation.	cryopreservation of plum (prunus domestica l.), cv regina claudia, was obtained by a vitrification/one-step cooling procedure of shoot tips from cold-hardened in vitro-grown plants. best survival (57%) was obtained when the shoot tips were precultured at 4 degree c for 2 days on 0.09 m sucrose-containing quoirin and le poivre medium, loaded for 30 min with a cryoprotectant (2 m glycerol and 0.4 m sucrose), incubated with the pvs2 solution at 0 c for 90 min, and directly plunged into liquid nitro ...	2000	12148038
the role of horizontal categorization in retroactive and proactive interference.	four paired-associate experiments with a total n of 291 participants investigated the effects of horizontal categorization on retroactive and proactive interference. (exclusively) horizontal categorization means that unique categorical relationships hold across the a-b and a-c stimulus-response pairs of successive word lists (e.g., fruit--pear, river--thames, in list 1; and fruit--plum, river--wolga, in list 2). experiment 1 found no significant amounts of interference with this type of list org ...	2002	12152363
antioxidant capacities, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and vitamin c contents of nectarine, peach, and plum cultivars from california.	genotypic variation in composition and antioxidant activity was evaluated using 25 cultivars, 5 each of white-flesh nectarines, yellow-flesh nectarines, white-flesh peaches, yellow-flesh peaches, and plums, at the ripe (ready-to-eat) stage. the ranges of total ascorbic acid (vitamin c) (in mg/100 g of fresh weight) were 5-14 (white-flesh nectarines), 6-8 (yellow-flesh nectarines), 6-9 (white-flesh peaches), 4-13 (yellow-flesh peaches), and 3-10 (plums). total carotenoids concentrations (in micro ...	2002	12166993
[physiological characteristics of resistance of different plum varieties to artificial adverse environments].	the relative electric conductivity, soluble sugar content in leaf, and pod activity of 17 plum varieties, which belong to six species and one genera, were measured under artificial adverse environments. the results showed that there were extreme significant negative correlation (alpha = 0.01) between soluble sugar content and membrane freezing damage, and significant negative correlation (alpha = 0.05) between pod activity in bark and leaf cell heat damage. according to fuzzy synthetic evaluatio ...	2002	12222039
tissue level compartmentation of (r)-amygdalin and amygdalin hydrolase prevents large-scale cyanogenesis in undamaged prunus seeds.	plum (prunus domestica) seeds, which contain the cyanogenic diglucoside (r)-amygdalin and lesser amounts of the corresponding monoglucoside (r)-prunasin, release the respiratory toxin hcn upon tissue disruption. amygdalin hydrolase (ah) and prunasin hydrolase (ph), two specific [beta]-glucosidases responsible for hydrolysis of these glucosides, were purified to near homogeneity by concanavalin a-sepharose 4b and carboxymethyl-cellulose chromatography. both proteins appear as polypeptides with mo ...	1994	12232058
insecticide resistance in field populations of frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) in murcia (south-east spain).	thirty-nine field populations of frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) were collected from different crops (sweet pepper, tomato, lettuce, artichoke, melon, cucumber, carnation, broad bean, peach and plum) in murcia (south-east spain). all populations were reared separately in the laboratory to obtain enough individuals for bioassays. female thrips were bioassayed, using a standard topical application method, against methiocarb, methamidophos, acrinathrin, endosulfan, deltamethrin and formetanat ...	2002	12233190
immunological cross-reactivity between lipid transfer proteins from botanically unrelated plant-derived foods: a clinical study.	lipid transfer proteins (ltp) are highly conserved and widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom. recent studies demonstrated immunological cross-reactivity between ltp from many botanically unrelated fruits and vegetables and concluded that ltp are pan-allergens. this study aimed to evaluate the clinical relevance of such cross-reactivity in a group of subjects monosensitized to ltp.	2002	12269935
reactivity to potential cross-reactive foods in fruit-allergic patients: implications for prescribing food avoidance.	prescribing therapeutic elimination diets in patients with fruit allergy should include recommendations on which other foods of the same family or group may be safely consumed. evidence-based data on the management of fruit allergy are lacking; therefore, advice may vary from just avoiding the offending fruit, to overly restrictive diets of the entire botanical family. the aims of this investigation were to assess clinical reactivity to potential cross-reactive foods in fruit-allergic patients, ...	2002	12269944
simultaneous and co-operational amplification (co-pcr): a new concept for detection of plant viruses.	a new and highly sensitive method for the amplification of viral rna targets from plant material has been developed and patented. this technique called co-operational amplification (co-pcr) can be carried out easily in a simple tetraprimer reaction based on the simultaneous action of four primers. the reaction process consists of the simultaneous reverse transcription of two different fragments from the same target, one containing the other; the production of four amplicons by the combination of ...	2002	12367729
effect of blackcurrant-, cranberry- and plum juice consumption on risk factors associated with kidney stone formation.	to evaluate the influence of plum-, cranberry- and blackcurrant juice on urinary stone risk factors.	2002	12373623
distribution of conjugated and free phenols in fruits: antioxidant activity and cultivar variations.	total and free phenolic contents of 16 commonly consumed fruits (comprising 9 apples, 4 pears, and one each of peach, plum, and kiwi fruit cultivars) were measured by folin-ciocalteu assay. total phenol contents varied from 272 to 475 mg of cte/100 g of fresh weight. of the apple cultivars studied, braeburn and empire had the highest and lowest total phenol content, respectively. the apple cultivars ranked in the following decreasing order: braeburn > red delicious > crisp pink > granny smith > ...	2002	12381107
re-os isotopic evidence for long-lived heterogeneity and equilibration processes in the earth's upper mantle.	the geochemical composition of the earth's upper mantle is thought to reflect 4.5 billion years of melt extraction, as well as the recycling of crustal materials. the fractionation of rhenium and osmium during partial melting in the upper mantle makes the re-os isotopic system well suited for tracing the extraction of melt and recycling of the resulting mid-ocean-ridge basalt. here we report osmium isotope compositions of more than 700 osmium-rich platinum-group element alloys derived from the u ...	2002	12384694
the production of a genus-specific recombinant antibody (scfv) using a recombinant potyvirus protease.	a single chain variable fragment antibody (scfv; anti-nia scfv102) was selected from a synthetic human antibody library by using a nia protease of plum pox virus (ppv) as an antigen, which was expressed in bacteria. the nia protease forms the nuclear inclusion body a and acts as the major protease in the cleavage of the viral polyprotein into functional proteins. the nia protein was detected with anti-nia scfv102 after expression in escherichia coli cells as well as from ppv-infected nicotiana b ...	2002	12393153
general-purpose infusion pumps.	general-purpose infusion pumps deliver liquid medications and other solutions to patients through intravenous (i.v.) or epidural routes at specified flows. they are most often used when greater accuracy or higher flows are needed than can be provided by manually adjusted gravity systems. in this evaluation (which updates our february 1997 and april-may 1998 studies), we present our findings for four newly evaluated pumps from three suppliers: the abbott plum a+, the alaris medley medication safe ...	2002	12436838
identification of immunogenic hot spots within plum pox potyvirus capsid protein for efficient antigen presentation.	pepscan analysis has been used to characterize the immunogenic regions of the capsid protein (cp) in virions of plum pox potyvirus (ppv). in addition to the well-known highly immunogenic n- and c-terminal domains of cp, regions within the core domain of the protein have also shown high immunogenicity. moreover, the n terminus of cp is not homogeneously immunogenic, alternatively showing regions frequently recognized by antibodies and others that are not recognized at all. these results have help ...	2002	12438590
fruit-juice concentrate of asian plum inhibits growth signals of vascular smooth muscle cells induced by angiotensin ii.	bainiku-ekisu, the fruit-juice concentrate of the oriental plum (prunus mume) has recently been shown to improve human blood fluidity. we have shown that angiotensin ii (angii) stimulates growth of vascular smooth muscle cells (vsmcs) through epidermal growth factor (egf) receptor transactivation that involves reactive oxygen species (ros) production. to better understanding the possible cardiovascular protective effect of bainiku-ekisu, we have studied whether bainiku-ekisu inhibits angii-induc ...	2002	12467906
zantedeschia mosaic virus causing leaf mosaic symptom in calla lily is a new potyvirus.	anovel virus, zantedeschia mosaic virus (zamv-kr), causing mosaic and malformation symptoms was isolated from calla lily ( zantedeschia spp.) in korea and its biological and molecular properties were characterized. the virus was distinct from dasheen mosaic virus, an araceae-infecting potyvirus, by serological and sequence analyses. multiple alignments of the cp amino acid sequence between the virus and other potyviruses showed 51.8 to 62.1% identity. phylogenetic analyses of the cp revealed tha ...	2002	12491097
molecular studies of the synergistic interactions between plum pox virus hc-pro protein and potato virus x.	helper component proteinase (hc-pro) is a multifunctional viral protein involved in vection and movement of potyvirus; suppression of host post-transcriptional gene silencing reaction; and synergism of potyvirus with other viruses, notably potexvirus. when the hc-pro of plum pox potyvirus (ppv) was transiently expressed in n. benthamiana and n. clevelandii plants via potato virus x (pvx) vector, a highly synergistic response of leaf necrosis or plant death, was observed in pvxhc-infected plants. ...	2002	12491099
generation and characterisation of functional recombinant antibody fragments against rna replicase nib from plum pox virus.	a monoclonal antibody (mab 2a) able to react against the rna replicase nib from plum pox virus (ppv) was obtained and used for generating a specific scfv fragment. the vh and vl coding sequences were cloned and expressed as a fusion scfv protein to alkaline phosphatase. this fusion protein was able to recognise viral nib in both western and tissue-print elisa blots. the affinity and specificity of scfv2a for nib was similar to that of the parental mab and the region yleafy from ppv-nib was ident ...	2003	12535657
genetic linkage maps of two apricot cultivars ( prunus armeniaca l.), and mapping of ppv (sharka) resistance.	genetic linkage maps for two apricot cultivars have been constructed using aflp, rapd, rflp and ssr markers in 81 f1 individuals from the cross 'goldrich' x 'valenciano'. this family segregated for resistance to 'plum pox virus' (ppv), the most-important virus affecting prunus species. of the 160 rapd arbitrary primers screened a total of 44 were selected. sixty one polymorphic rapd markers were scored on the mapping population: 30 heterozygous in 'goldrich', 19 heterozygous in 'valenciano', seg ...	2002	12582518
genetic diversity in apricot revealed by aflp markers: species and cultivar comparisons.	the genetic diversity of apricot ( prunus armeniaca; 2n = 16) was studied using aflp markers. forty seven apricot cultivars were selected from the following geographic regions: europe, north america, north africa, turkey, iran and china. five ecori- msei aflp primer combinations revealed 416 legible bands, of which 379 were polymorphic markers. a similarity matrix was prepared using the simple matching coefficient of similarity. a upgma dendrogram demonstrated a gradient of decreasing genetic di ...	2002	12582532
development of microsatellite markers in peach [ prunus persica (l.) batsch] and their use in genetic diversity analysis in peach and sweet cherry ( prunus avium l.).	we report the sequence of 41 primer pairs of microsatellites from a ct-enriched genomic library of the peach cultivar 'merrill o'henry'. ten microsatellite-containing clones had sequences similar to plant coding sequences in databases and could be used as markers for known functions. for microsatellites segregating at least in one of the two prunus f(2) progenies analyzed, it was possible to demonstrate mendelian inheritance. microsatellite polymorphism was evaluated in 27 peach and 21 sweet che ...	2002	12582570
quantitative evaluation of antioxidant components in prunes (prunus domestica l.).	prunes are known to show high antioxidant activity on the basis of the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac), and their major antioxidant components are caffeoylquinic acid isomers. the aim of this study is to prove the contribution of caffeoylquinic acid isomers to the orac of prunes, and to investigate the existence of other antioxidant components. caffeoylquinic acid isomers in ethanol (etoh) extracts of prunes were quantified by hplc analysis, and the degree of contribution of these isom ...	2003	12590502
using the plum procedure of spss to fit unequal variance and generalized signal detection models.	the recent addition of aprocedure in spss for the analysis of ordinal regression models offers a simple means for researchers to fit the unequal variance normal signal detection model and other extended signal detection models. the present article shows how to implement the analysis and how to interpret the spss output. examples of fitting the unequal variance normal model and other generalized signal detection models are given. the approach offers a convenient means for applying signal detectio ...	2003	12723779
determination of antioxidant properties of aromatic herbs, olives and fresh fruit using an enzymatic sensor.	the aim was to experimentally evaluate the antioxidant capacity of different fresh aromatic herbs (field balm, marjoram, parsley, rosemary, sage, sweet basil), several varieties of olives from central italy ('carboncello', 'rosciolo', 'olivastro', 'coratello', 'leccino', 'frantoio') and several types of fresh fruit (apple, apricot, banana, cherry, fig, grape, medlar, melon, peach, pear, pineapple, plum, water melon, yellow plum) using a superoxide dismutase (sod) biosensor developed by the prese ...	2003	12733012
climatic factors governing plant phenological phases along a norwegian fjord.	in the present project, the time of leaf budding and flowering, and partly also of fruit ripening, was studied over 3 years in different cultivated and native plants on a gradient along a western norwegian fjord about 300 km long, from oceanic to relatively continental regions. in the plants investigated, flowering of the red currant was most strongly favoured by oceanic conditions in the outermost part of the fjord. on the other hand, flowering of the apple was earliest in the middle district, ...	2003	12750970
from plums to prunes: influence of drying parameters on polyphenols and antioxidant activity.	prunes, which are industrially obtained by dehydrating fresh plums at 85-90 degrees c for 18 h, contain higher levels of phenolic compounds than most other fruits. prune phenolics have shown beneficial effects on human health. reports are available in the literature on ascorbic acid, phenol composition, and antioxidant activity of fresh plums and prunes, but there is a lack of publications on the influence of drying parameters on the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. a study was carri ...	2003	12769544
identification of odors from overripe mango that attract vinegar flies, drosophila melanogaster.	bioassays with a variety of overripe fruits, including mango, plum, pear, and grape, and their extracts showed that odors from overripe mango were most attractive to adult vinegar flies, drosophila melanogaster. combined gas chromatography-electroantennographic detection (gc-ead) analyses of solid-phase microextraction (spme) and tenax extracts of overripe mango odors showed that several volatile compounds, including ethanol, acetic acid, amyl acetate, 2-phenylethanol, and phenylethyl acetate el ...	2003	12775150
'candidatus phytoplasma phoenicium' sp. nov., a novel phytoplasma associated with an emerging lethal disease of almond trees in lebanon and iran.	almonds (prunus amygdalus) represent an important crop in most mediterranean countries. a new and devastating disease of almond trees in lebanon was recently reported, characterized by the development of severe witches'-brooms on which no flowers or fruits developed, and leading to tree death within a few years. a phytoplasma was detected in diseased trees by pcr amplification of rrna operon sequences, and rflp patterns of amplified dna indicated that the phytoplasma belonged to the pigeon pea w ...	2003	12807209
expression of self-complementary hairpin rna under the control of the rolc promoter confers systemic disease resistance to plum pox virus without preventing local infection.	homology-dependent selective degradation of rna, or post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs), is involved in several biological phenomena, including adaptative defense mechanisms against plant viruses. small interfering rnas mediate the selective degradation of target rna by guiding a multicomponent rnase. expression of self-complementary hairpin rnas within two complementary regions separated by an intron elicits ptgs with high efficiency. plum pox virus (ppv) is the etiological agent of shar ...	2003	12823862
early antibiotic selection and efficient rooting and acclimatization improve the production of transgenic plum plants (prunus domestica l.).	we describe here an improved system for routinely developing transgenic plum plants (prunus domestica l.) through the use of agrobacterium tumefaciens. the production of non-transformed "escapes" has been virtually eliminated, and rates of plant establishment in the greenhouse have been dramatically improved. the system is based on the regeneration of shoots from hypocotyls extracted from mature seed. the shoot regeneration medium is murashige and skoog (ms) salts and vitamins supplemented with ...	2003	12827433
effect of temperature on plum pox virus infection.	one of the key factors of progress of an epidemic is the duration of virus availability for a vector in plants, which could be influenced by temperature. using five epidemiologically different isolates of plum pox virus (ppv) we studied the effect of temperature on the virus infectivity, intensity of disease symptoms and virus accumulation in nicotiana benthamiana plants as determined by a double-antibody sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (das-elisa). no differences in infectivity and i ...	2003	12828345
an apricot (prunus armeniaca l.) f2 progeny linkage map based on ssr and aflp markers, mapping plum pox virus resistance and self-incompatibility traits.	a genetic linkage map of apricot ( prunus armeniaca l.) was constructed using aflp and ssr markers. the map is based on an f(2) population (76 individuals) derived from self-pollination of an f(1) individual ('lito') originated from a cross between 'stark early orange' and 'tyrinthos'. this family, designated as 'lito' x 'lito', segregated for two important agronomical traits: plum pox virus resistance (ppv) and self-incompatibility. a total of 211 markers (180 aflps, 29 ssrs and two agronomic t ...	2003	12845439
odor-baited trap trees: a new approach to monitoring plum curculio (coleoptera: curculionidae).	we compared a trap approach with a trap-tree approach to determine the need and timing of insecticide applications against overwintered adult plum curculios, conotrachelus nenuphar (herbst.), in commercial apple orchards in massachusetts in 2002. all traps and trap trees were baited with benzaldehyde (attractive fruit odor) plus grandisoic acid (attractive pheromone). sticky clear plexiglas panel traps placed at orchard borders, designed to intercept adults immigrating from border areas by fligh ...	2003	12852623
evaluation of the radioprotective effect of the leaf extract of syzygium cumini (jamun) in mice exposed to a lethal dose of gamma-irradiation.	the effects of various concentrations (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 80 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.) of the leaf extracts of syzygium cumini linn. and eugenia cumini (sce, black plum, jamun, family myrtaceae) on the radiation-induced sickness and mortality in mice exposed to 10 gy gamma-irradiation were studied. the treatment of mice with different doses of sce, consecutively for five days before irradation, delayed the onset of mortality and reduced the symptoms of radiation sickness when compare ...	2003	12866620
photoelectrochemical solar cell using extract of eugenia jambolana lam as a natural sensitizer.	the extract of jambol o (java plum), eugenia jambolana lam, was used as a natural sensitizer of a wide band-gap semiconductor (tio2) in photoelectrochemical solar cells. the natural dye, adsorbed onto the semiconductor surface, absorbs visible light and promotes electron transfer across the dye/semiconductor interface. photogenerated current and voltage as high as 2.3 ma and 711 mv, respectively, were obtained and effective conversion of visible light into electricity was achieved. the use of a ...	2003	12894301
elimination of ppv and pnrsv through thermotherapy and meristem-tip culture in nectarine.	the plum pox virus (ppv) and prunus necrotic ringspot virus (pnrsv) cause serious disease problems in stone-fruit trees. in this work, the possibility of obtaining plant material free from these viruses through thermotherapy and meristem-tip culture from infected nectarine shoots (prunus persica var. nectarina max, cv. 'arm king') was studied. in addition, the detection of these viruses in in vitro cultures and young acclimatized plantlets with double antibody sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorben ...	2003	12898177
[erosive effect of the hog plum (spondias lutea, l.) on the lower molars of the albino rat].		1953	13134736
[plum-sized para-urethral diverticulum with calculus in a 50 year old woman].		1954	13173741
the metabolism of d-glucuronic acid in plum tissue and its relation to gummosis.		1955	13269152
fluorescent labelling reveals spatial separation of potyvirus populations in mixed infected nicotiana benthamiana plants.	the distribution of potyviruses in mixed infected nicotiana benthamiana plants was investigated by using green and red fluorescent proteins (gfp, dsred). full-length cdna clones of plum pox virus (ppv-nat-agfps; ppv-nat-red), tobacco vein mottling virus (tvmv-gfp; tvmv-red) and clover yellow vein virus (clyvv-gfp) expressing fluorescent proteins, referred to here as labelled viruses, were used to characterize the distribution of different potyviral populations (e.g. tvmv-gfp/ppv-nat-red), as wel ...	2003	13679622
suppressor activity of potyviral and cucumoviral infections in potyvirus-induced transgene silencing.	the process known as 'recovery' by which virus-infected plants become resistant to the infection is an interesting phenomenon where both rna silencing and virus resistance fully converge. in a previous study, we showed that transgenic nicotiana benthamiana nibv3 plants, transformed with a mutated nib coding sequence from plum pox virus (ppv), showed a delayed, very specific, resistance phenotype, which was induced by the initial infection. this recovery was the consequence of the activation of a ...	2003	13679623
the biosynthesis and metabolism of polyols. 2. the metabolism of 14c-labelled d-glucose, d-glucuronic acid and d-glucitol (sorbitol) by plum leaves.		1962	13861242
the biosynthesis and metabolism of polyols. sorbitol (d-glucitol) of plum leaves.		1961	13861243
influence of tissue culture passage on virulence of foot-and-mouth disease virus for mother mice.	campbell, charles h. (plum island animal disease laboratory, greenport, n.y.). influence of tissue culture passage on virulence of foot-and-mouth disease virus for mother mice. j. bacteriol. 86:593-597. 1963.-foot-and-mouth disease virus serially passaged in bovine cell cultures was more lethal for mother mice than the parent virus from infected steers. in tests with virus from several pools of bovine tongue tissue, only 0 to 20% of the mice died. serial passage of such virus in primary calf-kid ...	1963	14066443
the biosynthesis of polysaccharides. incorporation of d-(1-14c)glucose and d-(6-14c)glucose into plum-leaf polysaccharides.	1. the utilization of specifically labelled d-glucose in the biosynthesis of plum-leaf polysaccharides has been studied. after these precursors had been metabolized in plum leaves, the polysaccharides were isolated from the leaves, and their monosaccharide constituents isolated and purified. 2. both the specific activities and the distribution of (14)c along the carbon chains of the monosaccharides were determined. significant (14)c activity was found in units of d-galactose, d-glucose, d-xylose ...	1965	14342252
comparison of the prothrombin-proconvertin determinations (owren-aas) with prothrombin-index obtained with the larsen-plum prothrombin time method.		1955	14396286
the composition of plum gums.		1959	14403355
defined medium for growth of foot-and-mouth disease virus.	pledger, richard a. (plum island animal disease laboratory, greenport, n. y.) and jerome polatnick. defined medium for growth of foot-and-mouth disease virus. j. bacteriol. 83:579-583. 1962.-foot-and-mouth disease virus, grown in primary bovine calf-kidney cell layers with a defined medium containing glucose as the only organic substrate, produced virus titers equivalent to those obtained with complex media containing serum and lactalbumin hydrolyzate. mannose was the only other substrate examin ...	1962	14487167
electro-acupuncture combined with plum-blossom needle tapping for treatment of supraorbital neuritis--a clinical observation of 59 cases.		2003	14535183
quantification of polyphenolics and their antioxidant capacity in fresh plums.	total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity of 11 cultivars of fresh plums were determined using spectrophotometric methods. identification and quantification of individual polyphenolics were performed using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a diode array detector. the total phenolic contents of various cultivars widely varied from 125.0 to 372.6 mg/100 g expressed as gallic acid equivalents. the level of total flavonoids in fresh plums ranged be ...	2003	14558771
substances which inhibit ice nucleation: a review.	there are a number of substances described in the published literature which inhibit ice nucleation. certain bacterial strains, mostly found among the nonfluorescent pseudomonade species, release material into the growth medium which reduces the nucleation temperature of water droplets to below that of distilled water. extracts from the seeds of food crops including apricot, peach and plum can reduce the nucleation temperature of water droplets and dispersions of silver iodide. antifreeze glycop ...	2003	14566386
location of independent root-knot nematode resistance genes in plum and peach.	prunus species express different ranges and levels of resistance to the root-knot nematodes (rkn) meloidogyne spp. in myrobalan plum ( prunus cerasifera), the dominant ma gene confers a high-level and wide-spectrum resistance to the predominant rkn, meloidogyne arenaria, meloidogyne incognita, meloidogyne javanica and the isolate meloidogyne sp. florida which overcomes the resistance of the amygdalus sources. in japanese plum ( prunus salicina), a similar wide-spectrum dominant resistance gene, ...	2004	14569426
the complete nucleotide sequence of plum pox virus isolates from sweet (ppv-swc) and sour (ppv-soc) cherry and their taxonomic relationships within the species.	plum pox virus (ppv) sweet (swc) and sour (soc) cherry isolates were the first ppv isolates to be recovered from natural infection in sweet and sour cherry plants, respectively. their complete nucleotide sequences have been determined finding a deduced genome organisation typical for ppv species. both genomes are 9795 nucleotides long, excluding the 3' terminal poly(a) tail, and contain an open reading frame of 9432 nt, encoding a polyprotein of 3143 amino acids. the nucleotide and predicted ami ...	2003	14579174
contribution of individual polyphenolics to total antioxidant capacity of plums.	to study the effect of polyphenolics on antioxidant capacities of plums, the amounts of total phenolics, total flavonoids and individual phenolic compounds, and vitamin c equivalent antioxidant capacity (vceac) of eleven plum cultivars was determined. there was a good linear relationship between the amount of total phenolics and total antioxidant capacity (r2 = 0.9887). the amount of total flavonoids and total antioxidant capacity also showed a good correlation (r2 = 0.9653). although the summat ...	2003	14640564
screening of foods containing proanthocyanidins and their structural characterization using lc-ms/ms and thiolytic degradation.	a normal-phase hplc-ms/ms method was applied to screen for proanthocyanidins in 88 different kinds of foods. thirty-nine foods were found to contain proanthocyanidins. these foods include 19 kinds of fruits, eight cereals/beans, seven nuts, two beverages, two spices, and one vegetable. twenty-five kinds of foods were found to contain both oligomeric (dp </= 10) and polymeric proanthocyanidins (dp > 10), and the other 14 foods contained only oligomers. procyanidins with b-type linkages were detec ...	2003	14640607
ionizing irradiation quarantine treatment against plum curculio (coleoptera: curculionidae).	plum curculio, conotrachelus nenuphar (herbst), is a quarantine pest of many temperate fruits, such as pomes, malus spp.; stone fruits, prunus spp.; and blueberries, vaccinium spp.; in north america east of the rocky mountains and a small area in utah. there are two strains, a northern univoltine one that undergoes obligate diapause as an adult and a southern multivoltine strain that usually has facultative diapause. current quarantine treatments for shipment to areas that do not have the pest i ...	2003	14650511
superoxide radical scavenging activity of the major polyphenols in fresh plums.	the effect of polyphenols among different varieties of plums on superoxide radical scavenging activity (srsa) was studied by an enzymatic method and their ic(50) values were determined. we found that the srsa levels of the polyphenols were closely related to their chemical structures; cyanidin showed the lowest ic(50) among the polyphenols examined, and aglycones are more effective than their glycosides. by 69-339 cultivar exhibited the lowest ic(50) among the eleven plum cultivars, which means ...	2003	14690398
1-methylcyclopropene increases storability and shelf life in climacteric and nonclimacteric plums.	the effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-mcp) at three different doses (0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 microl l(-1)) on the ripening processes of a climacteric, cv. santa rosa, and a suppressed climacteric type, cv. golden japan, plum was studied. for both cultivars, positive effects were observed in terms of inhibition of ethylene production and delays of the physical, chemical, and biochemical changes associated with ripening. 1-mcp-treated plums were firmer with lower weight loss, reduced degrees brix/tit ...	2003	14705896
nutrients and antioxidant molecules in yellow plums (prunus domestica l.) from conventional and organic productions: a comparative study.	yellow plums (prunus domestica l) conventionally and organically grown in the same farm were selected to study the influence of different agronomic practices on antioxidant vitamins (ascorbic acid, vitamin e, beta-carotene) and phenolics (total polyphenols, phenolic acids, flavonols) concentration. conventional plums were grown on tilled soil. three organic cultivations were performed: tilled soil, soil covered with trifolium, and soil covered with natural meadow. differences in macronutrients w ...	2004	14709018
effects of foliar sprays containing calcium, magnesium and titanium on plum (prunus domestica l.) fruit quality.	an experiment was performed in which ti(4+)-ascorbate was sprayed onto plum trees in several combinations with other commercial compounds containing ca2+ and mg2+ to study the effects on the commercial quality of fruits, with special focus on improving their resistance against postharvest handling damage. all the treatments containing titanium increased the tree performance (branch elongation, flowering and fruit setting intensities) and fruit size. at harvest fruits from the ti-treated trees sh ...	2003	14717435
do we need stimulation programs as a part of nursing care for patients in "persistent vegetative state"? a conceptual analysis.	the rehabilitative care of persons suffering long-lasting effects of brain injury is a significant challenge for nurses as they are the health professionals who usually spend the most time with them. historically in germany, the term "apallic syndrome" has been commonly used for what plum and posner (1980) termed the persistent vegetative state. when persons are diagnosed as being in a persistent vegetative state, that is awake but not aware, for more than six months, they seldom receive active ...	2003	14733174
abscisic acid related compounds and lignans in prunes (prunus domestica l.) and their oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac).	four new abscisic acid related compounds (1-4), together with (+)-abscisic acid (5), (+)-beta-d-glucopyranosyl abscisate (6), (6s,9r)-roseoside (7), and two lignan glucosides ((+)-pinoresinol mono-beta-d-glucopyranoside (8) and 3-(beta-d-glucopyranosyloxymethyl)-2- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-(3-hydroxypropyl)-7-methoxy-(2r,3s)-dihydrobenzofuran (9)) were isolated from the antioxidative ethanol extract of prunes (prunus domestica l.). the structures of 1-4 were elucidated on the basis of nmr a ...	2004	14733519
influence of arbuscular mycorrhizae and phosphate fertilization on shoot apical growth of micropropagated apple and plum rootstocks.	we studied the effects of phosphate fertilization and inoculation with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi glomus mosseae (nicol. and gerd.) gerdmann and trappe, glomus intraradices schenck and smith or glomus viscosum nicolson on shoot apical growth of plantlets that had been micropropagated from mm 106 apple (malus pumila l.) and mr.s. 2/5 plum (prunus cerasifera ehrh.) rootstocks. unfertilized and non-mycorrhizal plantlets showed no apical growth during the post in vitro acclimation phase, where ...	1996	14871682
field evaluation of plant odor and pheromonal combinations for attracting plum curculios.	the attractiveness of different synthetic host odors and a synthetic aggregation pheromone (grandisoic acid [ga]) to overwintered adult plum curculios (pcs), conotrachelus nenuphar (herbst) (coleoptera: curculionidae), was examined using two types of traps (sticky panels and black pyramids) placed in border areas surrounding an unsprayed section of an apple orchard in massachusetts. in 2001, we evaluated the response of pcs to three synthetic fruit volatiles (benzaldehyde [ben], ethyl isovalerat ...	2003	14969360
carbohydrate composition of selected plum/prune preparations.	eighteen plum/prune preparations and byproducts were analyzed for proximate constituents and carbohydrate profiles. plum puree and prune juice contained the highest concentrations of ash (13.0 and 13.8%, respectively). crude protein (cp), acid-hydrolyzed fat (ahf), and total dietary fiber (tdf) concentrations were higher in byproducts (waste cake and dried plum pits) compared with the other fractions. several classes of oligosaccharides were found in low concentrations in many of the substrates ...	2004	14969541
carbon and nitrogen partitioning in peach/plum grafts.	modifications in root-shoot relationships induced by graft incompatibility were studied in peach/plum graft combinations by means of carbohydrate and nitrogen analyses and isotope labeling. mobilization of stored carbon, phloem transport of carbon, and mobilization, assimilation and distribution of nitrogen were studied in one compatible peach/plum graft (prunus persica l. batsch cv. springtime grafted on prunus cerasifera l. ehrh cv. myrobalan p 2032) and one incompatible graft (prunus persica ...	1992	14969877
comparison of drought resistance among prunus species from divergent habitats.	root and shoot characteristics related to drought resistance were compared among cultivated peach (prunus persica (l.) batsch.), p. andersonii (nevada desert almond), p. besseyi (western sand cherry), p. maritima (beach plum), p. subcordata (sierra or pacific plum), and p. tomentosa (nanking cherry). in all species, shoot characteristics were more closely associated with drought adaptation than root characteristics. the most xeric species, p. andersonii, had the lowest specific leaf area, smalle ...	1992	14969942
growth, cambial activity and phloem structure in compatible and incompatible peach/plum grafts.	peach (prunus persica l. batsch) shoots grafted onto compatible or incompatible clones of rootstocks of myrobolan plum (prunus cerasifera l. ehrh. cv. myrobolan) were observed in a greenhouse for 100 days after grafting. the incompatible grafts showed foliar symptoms of incompatibility and reduced shoot growth about 60 days after grafting. light microscopic studies revealed that cambial activity stopped earlier in the rootstocks, than in the scions, of incompatible grafts. structural modificatio ...	1988	14972805
the effect of different atmospheric ozone partial pressures on photosynthesis and growth of nine fruit and nut tree species.	nursery stock of peach (prunus persica l. batsch, cv. o'henry), nectarine (p. persica l. batsch, cv. fantasia), plum (p. salicina lindel., cv. casselman), apricot (p. armeniaca l., cv. tilton), almond (p. dulcis mill., cv. nonpareil), prune (p. domestica l., cv. improved french), cherry (p. avium l., cv. bing), oriental pear (pyrus pyrifolia rehd., cv. 20th century), and apple (malus pumula mill., cv. granny smith) were planted in open-top chambers on april 1, 1988 at the university of californi ...	1991	14972900
growth and the composition and transport of carbohydrate in compatible and incompatible peach/plum grafts.	the growth of scions and rootstocks of compatible (prunus persica l. batsch cv. springtime/prunus cerasifera l. ehrh. cv. myrobolan p2032) and incompatible (prunus persica l. batsch cv. springtime/prunus cerasifera l. ehrh. cv. myrobolan p18) peach/plum grafts were compared. the composition of soluble carbohydrates in phloem and cortical tissues of both peach/plum grafts and ungrafted plums and the translocation of these compounds across the union of grafted plants were examined. sorbitol and su ...	1987	14975918
reproductive development of northern and southern strains of plum curculio (coleoptera: curculionidae).	laboratory-reared southern and field-collected northern strains of plum curculio, conotrachelles nenuphar (herbst), were sampled to examine the relationship between degree-day (dd) accumulation and female reproductive development, as measured by mating status, oocyte size, and number of oocytes. the overall goal was to generate an objective degree-day model for predicting damage potential that could be applied to various host commodities rather than relying on separate biofix models for each cro ...	2004	14998124
monitoring plum curculio, conotrachelus nenuphar (coleoptera: curculionidae), populations in apple and peach orchards in the mid-atlantic.	we evaluated responses of plum curculio, conotrachelus nenuphar (herbst), to four trap types in commercial and unsprayed apple and peach orchards. trap types included black pyramid and clear plexiglas panel traps deployed outside the orchard 2 m from the border row, and branch-mimicking cylinder and trunk-mounted screen traps attached to trees in the border row. bait treatments evaluated in conjunction with each trap type included the synthetic fruit volatile benzaldehyde, the aggregation pherom ...	2004	14998130
microbial biogeography along an estuarine salinity gradient: combined influences of bacterial growth and residence time.	shifts in bacterioplankton community composition along the salinity gradient of the parker river estuary and plum island sound, in northeastern massachusetts, were related to residence time and bacterial community doubling time in spring, summer, and fall seasons. bacterial community composition was characterized with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) of pcr-amplified 16s ribosomal dna. average community doubling time was calculated from bacterial production ([(14)c]leucine incorpor ...	2004	15006771
isolation and phylogenetic analysis of xylella fastidiosa from its invasive alternative host, porcelain berry.	a strain of xylella fastidiosa was isolated from an invasive alternative host species, porcelain berry. its genetic relationship with strains isolated from a native alternative host, wild grape; a nonnative alternative host, mulberry; and other economically important hosts including cultivated grape, peach, plum, oak, maple and oleander was determined by using sequence analysis of the 16s-23s rrna intergenic spacer region. our phylogenetic analysis revealed that the porcelain berry strain is mos ...	2004	15018107
volatile flavor constituents of fruits from southern africa: mobola plum (parinari curatellifolia).	the volatile flavor components of mobola plum (parinari curatellifolia), a native fruit of southern africa, have been isolated by a vacuum headspace concentration method. the concentrate was analyzed by hyphenated gas chromatographic techniques, including gas chromatography (gc)/mass spectrometry (ms) and gc/fourier transform infrared (ftir), together with other gc-coupled detection devices for the specific and selective detection of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds. a total of 88 compo ...	2004	15080640
a new bipyrrole and some phenolic constituents in prunes (prunus domestica l.) and their oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac).	isolation and structural elucidation of prune constituents were performed and total 10 compounds were determined by nmr and ms analyses. a novel compound was identified to be 2-(5-hydroxymethyl-2',5'-dioxo-2',3',4',5'-tetrahydro-1'h-1,3'-bipyrrole)carbaldehyde, and 7 phenolic compounds were isolated from prunes for the first time. in addition, antioxidant activity of them was evaluated on the basis of the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac).	2004	15118329
comparison of a sprayable pheromone formulation and two hand-applied pheromone dispensers foruse in the integrated control of oriental fruit moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae).	the efficacy of integrated programs using a sprayable pheromone formulation or one of two hand-applied pheromone dispensers, and a conventional oriental fruit moth, grapholita molesta (busck) (lepidoptera: tortricidae) control program, was compared using 4-5-ha blocks of peach orchard at three niagara peninsula farms during 2000-2002. in the integrated programs, chlorpyrifos and mating disruption with 3m sprayable pheromone, isomate ofm rosso, or rak 5 hand-applied dispensers were used to contro ...	2004	15154471
3 using odor-baited trap trees as sentinels to monitor plum curculio (coleoptera: curculionidae) in apple orchards.	in commercial orchards in massachusetts in 2003, we conducted experiments aimed at developing guidelines for use of perimeter-row trap trees baited with grandisoic acid plus benzaldehyde as sentinels in a practical approach to determining need and timing of insecticide applications against overwintered plum curculios, conotrachelus nenuphar (herbst). evaluations were based on percentages of sampled fruit injured by plum curculio. trap trees baited with grandisoic acid released at approximately 1 ...	2004	15154475
incidence and control of dogwood borer (lepidoptera: sesiidae) and american plum borer (lepidoptera: pyralidae) infesting burrknots on clonal apple rootstocks in new york.	surveys were conducted in the major apple growing regions of new york state to determine the incidence of borers infesting burrknots on clonal apple rootstocks. dogwood borer, synanthedon scitula (harris), was generally prevalent throughout the state, but american plum borer, euzophera semifuneralis (walker), was limited to western new york apple orchards near infested stone fruit trees. insecticides evaluated in the field for efficacy against both borers were chlorpyrifos, endosulfan, indoxacar ...	2004	15154480
validation of a rice specific gene, sucrose phosphate synthase, used as the endogenous reference gene for qualitative and real-time quantitative pcr detection of transgenes.	with the development of transgenic crops, many countries have issued regulations to label the genetically modified organisms (gmos) and their derived products. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) methods are thought to be reliable and useful techniques for qualitative and quantitative detection of gmos. these methods generally need to amplify the transgene and compare the amplified result with that of the corresponding reference gene to obtain reliable results. in this article, we reported the devel ...	2004	15161200
effect of the epicuticular waxes of fruits and vegetables on the photodegradation of rotenone.	the effect of epicuticular waxes extracted from fruits (apple, nectarine, pear, and plum) and vegetables (tomato and eggplant) on the photodegradation of rotenone was studied. the waxes affected the decay rate and the degradation pathway of this botanical insecticide. tomato, nectarine, and plum waxes decreased the photodegradation rate compared to controls, whereas apple and pear waxes increased it. rotenone irradiated under sunlight without waxes gave seven photoproducts; in contrast, in the p ...	2004	15161214
xylella fastidiosa subspecies: x. fastidiosa subsp. [correction] fastidiosa [correction] subsp. nov., x. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex subsp. nov., and x. fastidiosa subsp. pauca subsp. nov.	xylella fastidiosa, a fastidious bacterium causing disease in over 100 plant species, is classified as a single species, although genetic studies support multiple taxons. to determine the taxonomic relatedness among strains of x. fastidiosa, we conducted dna-dna relatedness assays and sequenced the 16s-23s intergenic spacer (its) region using 26 strains from 10 hosts. under stringent conditions (tm -15 degrees c), the dna relatedness for most x. fastidiosa strains was *70%. however, at high stri ...	2004	15214634