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high resolution in vivo bioluminescent imaging for the study of bacterial tumour targeting.the ability to track microbes in real time in vivo is of enormous value for preclinical investigations in infectious disease or gene therapy research. bacteria present an attractive class of vector for cancer therapy, possessing a natural ability to grow preferentially within tumours following systemic administration. bioluminescent imaging (bli) represents a powerful tool for use with bacteria engineered to express reporter genes such as lux. bli is traditionally used as a 2d modality resulting ...201222295120
a bile-inducible membrane protein mediates bifidobacterial bile resistance.bbr_0838 from bifidobacterium breve ucc2003 is predicted to encode a 683 residue membrane protein, containing both a permease domain that displays similarity to transporters belonging to the major facilitator superfamily, as well as a cbs (cystathionine beta synthase) domain. the high level of similarity to bile efflux pumps from other bifidobacteria suggests a significant and general role for bbr_0838 in bile tolerance. bbr_0838 transcription was shown to be monocistronic and strongly induced u ...201222296641
bifidobacterial surface-exopolysaccharide facilitates commensal-host interaction through immune modulation and pathogen protection.bifidobacteria comprise a significant proportion of the human gut microbiota. several bifidobacterial strains are currently used as therapeutic interventions, claiming various health benefits by acting as probiotics. however, the precise mechanisms by which they maintain habitation within their host and consequently provide these benefits are not fully understood. here we show that bifidobacterium breve ucc2003 produces a cell surface-associated exopolysaccharide (eps), the biosynthesis of which ...201222308390
interaction of bifidobacterium bifidum lmg13195 with ht29 cells influences regulatory-t-cell-associated chemokine receptor expression.probiotics play an important role in the maintenance of the gastrointestinal barrier. in addition to direct effects on mucosal integrity, the interaction with the intestinal mucosa may have an active immunoregulatory effect. in the present work, we exposed ht29 intestinal epithelial cells to two bifidobacterium species to determine their effect on gene expression profile, enterocyte monolayer integrity, and t-cell response. bifidobacterium breve ipla 20004 triggered a more pronounced increase in ...201222344636
the effect of lactobacillus casei and bifidobacterium breve on antibiotic-associated diarrhea treatment: randomized double-blind clinical trial.antibiotic-associated diarrhea (aad) is an important side effect of this specific class of drugs. the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the use of probiotics in the treatment of aad.201222370839
production of a conjugated fatty acid by bifidobacterium breve lmc520 from α-linolenic acid: conjugated linolenic acid (clna).this study was performed to characterize natural clna isomer production by bifidobacterium breve lmc520 of human origin in comparison to conjugated linoleic acid (cla) production. b. breve lmc520 was found to be highly active in terms of clna production, of which the major portion was identified as cis-9,trans-11,cis-15 clna isomer by gc-ms and nmr analysis. b. breve lmc520 was incubated for 48 h using mrs medium (containing 0.05% l-cysteine · hcl) under different environmental conditions such a ...201222372442
beneficial effects of long-term consumption of a probiotic combination of lactobacillus casei shirota and bifidobacterium breve yakult may persist after suspension of therapy in lactose-intolerant patients.the efficacy of some probiotic strains for the management of lactose intolerance remains to be established.201222402407
compositional development of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus microbiota is linked with crying and fussing in early infancy.our aim was to establish whether there is an interconnection between the compositional development of the gut microbiota and the amount of fussing and crying in early infancy.201222403665
conjugated linoleic and linolenic acid production kinetics by bifidobacteria differ among strains.there is great interest in conjugated linoleic acid (cla) and conjugated linolenic acid (clna) isomers because of their supposed health-promoting properties. therefore, the differences in production kinetics of cla and clna isomers from linoleic acid (la) and α-linolenic acid (α-lna), respectively, by bifidobacteria were investigated. laboratory fermentations, supplemented with la or α-lna in the fermentation medium, were performed with bifidobacterium bifidum lmg 10645, bifidobacterium breve lm ...201222405353
effects of probiotics and antibiotics on the intestinal homeostasis in a computer controlled model of the large intestine.antibiotic associated diarrhea and clostridium difficile infection are frequent complications of broad spectrum antibiotic therapy. probiotic bacteria are used as therapeutic and preventive agents in these disorders, but the exact functional mechanisms and the mode of action are poorly understood. the effects of clindamycin and the probiotic mixture vsl#3 (containing the 8 bacterial strains streptococcus thermophilus, bifidobacterium breve, bifidobacterium longum, bifidobacterium infantis, lacto ...201222452835
contrasting effects of bifidobacterium breve ncimb 702258 and bifidobacterium breve dpc 6330 on the composition of murine brain fatty acids and gut microbiota.we previously showed that microbial metabolism in the gut influences the composition of bioactive fatty acids in host adipose tissue.201222492373
modulation of toll-like receptor ligands and candida albicans-induced cytokine responses by specific probiotics.probiotics have been proposed as modulators of gut inflammation, especially in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). in order to be able to use them in these clinical conditions, their capacity to modulate immune responses towards other stimuli or microorganisms has to be thoroughly understood. in the present study, three different potentially probiotic strains, bifidobacterium breve (numres 204), lactobacillus rhamnosus (numres1) and lactobacillus casei (dn-114 001), have been studied for their pot ...201222521032
cloning and characterization of ginsenoside ra1-hydrolyzing beta-d-xylosidase from bifidobacterium breve k-110.beta-d-xylosidase (e.c. 3.2.1.37) from bifidobacterium breve k-110, which hydrolyzes ginsenoside ra1 to ginsenoside rb2, was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the (his6)-tagged recombinant enzyme, designated as xlybk- 110, was efficiently purified using ni²⁺-affinity chromatography (109.9-fold, 84% yield). the molecular mass of xylbk- 100 was found to be 55.7 kda by sds-page. its sequence revealed a 1,347 bp open reading frame (orf) encoding a protein containing 448 amino acids, which sh ...201222534302
characterization of bifidobacterium spp. strains for the treatment of enteric disorders in newborns.several studies support the use of probiotics for the treatment of minor gastrointestinal problems in infants. positive effects on newborn colics have been evidenced after administration of lactobacillus strains, whereas no studies have been reported regarding the use of bifidobacteria for this purpose. this work was therefore aimed at the characterization of bifidobacterium strains capable of inhibiting the growth of pathogens typical of the infant gastrointestinal tract and of coliforms isolat ...201222588500
characterization of a panela cheese with added probiotics and fava bean starch.of 20 lactobacillus and 8 bifidobacterium species examined, only bifidobacterium breve atcc 15700 was able to ferment starch from fava beans. bifidobacterium breve atcc 15700 and lactobacillus rhamnosus gg atcc 53103 were selected as probiotics for use in fresh-style panela cheese. two types of fresh cheese (with and without 3% fava bean starch) were manufactured with 3 combinations of probiotics: l. rhamnosus gg only, b. breve only, or both l. rhamnosus gg and b. breve. during 4 wk of storage a ...201222612915
intestinal epithelial cells modulate antigen-presenting cell responses to bacterial dna.intestinal epithelial cells and antigen-presenting cells orchestrate mucosal innate immunity. this study investigated the role of bacterial dna in modulating epithelial and bone marrow-derived antigen-presenting cells (bm-apcs) and subsequent t-lymphocyte responses. murine mode-k epithelial cells and bm-apcs were treated with dna from either bifidobacterium breve or salmonella enterica serovar dublin directly and under coculture conditions with cd4(+) t cells. apical stimulation of mode-k cells ...201222615241
a conserved two-component signal transduction system controls the response to phosphate starvation in bifidobacterium breve ucc2003.this work reports on the identification and molecular characterization of the two-component regulatory system (2crs) phorp, which controls the response to inorganic phosphate (p(i)) starvation in bifidobacterium breve ucc2003. the response regulator phop was shown to bind to the promoter region of pstscab, specifying a predicted p(i) transporter system, as well as that of phou, which encodes a putative p(i)-responsive regulatory protein. this interaction is assumed to cause transcriptional modul ...201222635988
molecular monitoring of the development of intestinal microbiota in japanese infants.the faecal microbiota of 166 healthy japanese newborns was analysed periodically from day 1 after birth until the age of 3 years by using the reverse transcription-quantitative pcr. faecal ph and the organic acid concentration were also examined. colonisation by both facultative anaerobes and strict anaerobes was confirmed in 95% of the meconium tested. bifidobacterium-predominant microbiota was established subsequently in most of the infants by 3 months after birth. bifidobacterium breve, bifid ...201222683836
probiotic bifidobacterium breve induces il-10-producing tr1 cells in the colon.specific intestinal microbiota has been shown to induce foxp3(+) regulatory t cell development. however, it remains unclear how development of another regulatory t cell subset, tr1 cells, is regulated in the intestine. here, we analyzed the role of two probiotic strains of intestinal bacteria, lactobacillus casei and bifidobacterium breve in t cell development in the intestine. b. breve, but not l. casei, induced development of il-10-producing tr1 cells that express cmaf, il-21, and ahr in the l ...201222693446
bifidobacterium breve ucc2003 surface exopolysaccharide production is a beneficial trait mediating commensal-host interaction through immune modulation and pathogen protection.bifidobacteria constitute a substantial proportion of the human gut microbiota. there are currently many bifidobacterial strains with claimed probiotic attributes. the mechanism through which these strains reside within their host and exert benefits to the host is far from fully understood. we have shown in the case of bifidobacterium breve ucc2003 that a cell surface exopolysaccharide (eps) plays a role in in vivo persistence. biosynthesis of two possible epss is controlled by a bidirectional g ...201422713271
epigenetic imprinting by commensal probiotics inhibits the il-23/il-17 axis in an in vitro model of the intestinal mucosal immune system.the pathophysiology of ibd is characterized by a complex interaction between genes and the environment. genetic and environmental differences are attributed to the heterogeneity of the disease pathway and to the epigenetic modifications that lead to altered gene expression in the diseased tissues. the epigenetic machinery consists of short interfering rna, histone modifications, and dna methylation. we evaluated the effects of bifidobacterium breve (dsmz 20213) and lgg (atcc 53103), as represent ...201222730546
complete genome sequence of bifidobacterium breve cect 7263, a strain isolated from human milk.bifidobacterium breve is an actinobacterium frequently isolated from colonic microbiota of breastfeeding babies. here, we report the complete and annotated genome sequence of a b. breve strain isolated from human milk, b. breve cect 7263. the genome sequence will provide new insights into the biology of this potential probiotic organism and will allow the characterization of genes related to beneficial properties.201222740680
endo-β-n-acetylglucosaminidases from infant gut-associated bifidobacteria release complex n-glycans from human milk glycoproteins.breastfeeding is one of the main factors guiding the composition of the infant gut microbiota in the first months of life. this process is shaped in part by the high amounts of human milk oligosaccharides that serve as a carbon source for saccharolytic bacteria such as bifidobacterium species. infant-borne bifidobacteria have developed various molecular strategies for utilizing these oligosaccharides as a carbon source. we hypothesized that these species also interact with n-glycans found in hos ...201222745059
a two-component regulatory system controls autoregulated serpin expression in bifidobacterium breve ucc2003.this work reports on the identification and molecular characterization of a two-component regulatory system (2crs), encoded by serrk, which is believed to control the expression of the ser(2003) locus in bifidobacterium breve ucc2003. the ser(2003) locus consists of two genes, bbr_1319 (saga) and bbr_1320 (seru), which are predicted to encode a hypothetical membrane-associated protein and a serpin-like protein, respectively. the response regulator serr was shown to bind to the promoter region of ...201222843530
identification and accurate quantitation of biological oligosaccharide mixtures.structure-specific characterization and quantitation is often required for effective functional studies of oligosaccharides. inside the gut, hmos are preferentially bound and catabolized by the beneficial bacteria. hmo utility by these bacteria employs structure-specific catabolism based on a number of glycosidases. determining the activity of these enzymes requires accurate quantitation of a large number of structures. in this study, we describe a method for the quantitation of human milk oligo ...201222897719
pre-treatment with bifidobacterium breve ucc2003 modulates citrobacter rodentium-induced colonic inflammation and organ specificity.citrobacter rodentium, which colonizes the gut mucosa via formation of attaching and effacing (a/e) lesions, causes transmissible colonic hyperplasia. the aim of this study was to evaluate whether prophylactic treatment with bifidobacterium breve ucc2003 can improve the outcome of c. rodentium infection. six-week-old albino c57bl/6 mice were pre-treated for 3 days with b. breve, challenged with bioluminescent c. rodentium and administered b. breve or pbs-c for 8 days post-infection; control mice ...201222902730
prebiotic-non-digestible oligosaccharides preference of probiotic bifidobacteria and antimicrobial activity against clostridium difficile.bifidobacterium breve 46, bifidobacterium lactis 8:8 and bifidobacterium longum 6:18 and three reference strains b. breve ccug 24611, b. lactis jcm 10602, and bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum jcm 1200 were examined for acid and bile tolerance, prebiotic utilization and antimicrobial activity against four clostridium difficile (cd) strains including the hypervirulent strain, pcr ribotype nap1/027. b. lactis 8:8 and b. lactis jcm 10602 exhibited a high tolerance in mrsc broth with ph 2.5 for 30 m ...201222940065
probiotics reduce gut microbial translocation and improve adult atopic dermatitis.it has been suggested that probiotics modulate atopic dermatitis (ad) progression, but no data are actually available on their mechanisms of action and on their ability to act as immunomodulators in this pathology.201222955355
protection of probiotic bacteria in a synbiotic matrix following aerobic storage at 4 °c.the survival of single strains of bifidobacterium breve, bifidobacterium longum, lactobacillus acidophilus, and lactobacillus reuteri was investigated in synbiotics that included 10 mg/ml of fructo-oligosaccharides, inulin and pectic-oligosaccharides in an alginate matrix under refrigerated (4 °c) aerobic storage conditions. when the matrices were cross-linked with calcium (45 mm), 102-103 cfu/ml of l. acidophilus and l. reuteri, and 0-103 cfu/ml of b. breve and b. longum survived refrigerated a ...201222968408
effect of high hydrostatic pressure on the production of conjugated fatty acids and trans fatty acids by bifidobacterium breve lmc520.this study was performed to investigate the effect of high hydrostatic pressure (hhp) on the conversion of linoleic acid, conjugated linoleic acid (cla), and α-linolenic acid (α-lna) as substrates by bifidobacterium breve lmc520 and to optimize the hhp condition. cell mixture were tested under hhp in a variety of conditions such as temperature, time, pressure, and pre- or post-treatment with substrates. the cis-9,trans-11 cla producing activity of b. breve lmc520 was increased by hhp, whereas tr ...201223016761
photoprotective effects of bifidobacterium breve supplementation against skin damage induced by ultraviolet irradiation in hairless mice.probiotics have been considered to affect not only the gut but also the skin. this study aimed at examining whether oral administration of live bifidobacterium breve strain yakult (bby), a typical probiotic, could exert photoprotective effects in hairless mouse skin.201223126293
assessment of intestinal microbiota modulation ability of bifidobacterium strains in in vitro fecal batch cultures from preterm neonates.microbial colonization of the infant gut is essential for the development of the intestine and the immune system. the intestinal microbiota of full-term breast-fed infants is considered as the health standard for newborns. a culture medium containing formula milk was designed, which allowed a balanced growth of intestinal microorganisms and was used to perform fecal batch cultures from preterm babies. sixteen bifidobacterium strains and fructooligosaccharides (fos) were tested for their ability ...201323154045
bifidobacterium breve with α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid alters fatty acid metabolism in the maternal separation model of irritable bowel syndrome.the aim of this study was to compare the impact of dietary supplementation with a bifidobacterium breve strain together with linoleic acid & α-linolenic acid, for 7 weeks, on colonic sensitivity and fatty acid metabolism in rats. maternally separated and non-maternally separated sprague dawley rats (n = 15) were orally gavaged with either b. breve dpc6330 (10(9) microorganisms/day) alone or in combination with 0.5% (w/w) linoleic acid & 0.5% (w/w) α-linolenic acid, daily for 7 weeks and compared ...201223185248
transcriptional and functional characterization of genetic elements involved in galacto-oligosaccharide utilization by bifidobacterium breve ucc2003.several prebiotics, such as inulin, fructo-oligosaccharides and galacto-oligosaccharides, are widely used commercially in foods and there is convincing evidence, in particular for galacto-oligosaccharides, that prebiotics can modulate the microbiota and promote bifidobacterial growth in the intestinal tract of infants and adults. in this study we describe the identification and functional characterization of the genetic loci responsible for the transport and metabolism of purified galacto-oligos ...201323199239
effects of probiotic bacteria on candida presence and iga anti-candida in the oral cavity of elderly.imbalance in the resident microbiota may promote the growth of opportunistic microorganisms, such as yeasts of candida genus and the development of diseases, especially in aged people. this study evaluated whether the consumption of the probiotic yakult lbz(®) (lactobacillus casei and bifidobacterium breve) was able to influence on the specific immunological response against candida and on the presence of these yeasts in the oral cavity of 42 healthy aged individuals. saliva samples were collect ...201223306230
isolation of a bifidogenic peptide from the pepsin hydrolysate of bovine lactoferrin.lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein found in the milk of most mammals for which various biological functions have been reported, such as antimicrobial activity and bifidogenic activity. in this study, we compared the bifidogenic activity of bovine lactoferrin (blf) and pepsin hydrolysate of blf (blfh), isolated bifidogenic peptide from blfh, and investigated the bifidogenic spectra of blf, blfh, and its active peptide against 42 bifidobacterial strains comprising nine species. against bi ...201323315725
isolation, identification and characterisation of three novel probiotic strains (lactobacillus paracasei cncm i-4034, bifidobacterium breve cncm i-4035 and lactobacillus rhamnosus cncm i-4036) from the faeces of exclusively breast-fed infants.the aim of the present study was to isolate, identify and characterise novel strains of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria with probiotic properties from the faeces of exclusively breast-fed infants. of the 4680 isolated colonies, 758 exhibited resistance to low ph and tolerance to high concentrations of bile salts; of these, only forty-two exhibited a strong ability to adhere to enterocytes in vitro. the identities of the isolates were confirmed by 16s ribosomal rna (rrna) sequencing, whic ...201323360881
competitive inhibition of three novel bacteria isolated from faeces of breast milk-fed infants against selected enteropathogens.numerous in vitro and in vivo studies conducted using different probiotic micro-organisms have demonstrated their ability to interfere with the growth and virulence of a variety of enteropathogens. the reported beneficial effects of the use of probiotics to complement antibiotic therapy or prevent diarrhoea or gastrointestinal infection in infants have increased in recent years. in the present study, we demonstrated the capacity of supernatants obtained from three novel probiotics (lactobacillus ...201323360882
lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria attenuate the proinflammatory response in intestinal epithelial cells induced by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium.inflammation is a physiological response to infections and tissue injury; however, abnormal immune responses can give rise to chronic inflammation and contribute to disease progression. various dietary components, including probiotic lactic acid bacteria and prebiotics, have the potential to modulate intestinal inflammatory responses. one factor in particular, the chemokine interleukin-8 (il-8, cxcl-8), is one of the major mediators of the inflammatory response. the purpose of this study was to ...201223391223
in vitro evaluation of bifidobacterium strains of human origin for potential use in probiotic functional foods.the present study investigated some in vitro properties for probiotic use of four strains of bifidobacteria isolated from faeces of healthy children (bifidobacterium longum 51a, bifidobacterium breve 1101a, bifidobacterium pseudolongum 1191a and bifidobacterium bifidum 1622a). in vitro tests were carried out to compare growth rate, aerotolerance, antagonistic activity against pathogens, antimicrobial susceptibility profile and cell wall hydrophobicity. mean doubling time of b. longum 51a was sho ...201323443950
comparison of the compositions of the stool microbiotas of infants fed goat milk formula, cow milk-based formula, or breast milk.the aim of the study was to compare the compositions of the fecal microbiotas of infants fed goat milk formula to those of infants fed cow milk formula or breast milk as the gold standard. pyrosequencing of 16s rrna gene sequences was used in the analysis of the microbiotas in stool samples collected from 90 australian babies (30 in each group) at 2 months of age. beta-diversity analysis of total microbiota sequences and lachnospiraceae sequences revealed that they were more similar in breast mi ...201323455335
effect of probiotic species on irritable bowel syndrome symptoms: a bring up to date meta-analysis.immune system alteration in irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) patients may be modulated by probiotics. we assessed the efficacy of some probiotic species in alleviating characteristic ibs symptoms.201323548007
cell-free culture supernatant of bifidobacterium breve cncm i-4035 decreases pro-inflammatory cytokines in human dendritic cells challenged with salmonella typhi through tlr activation.dendritic cells (dcs) constitute the first point of contact between gut commensals and our immune system. despite growing evidence of the immunomodulatory effects of probiotics, the interactions between the cells of the intestinal immune system and bacteria remain largely unknown. indeed,, the aim of this work was to determine whether the probiotic bifidobacterium breve cncm i-4035 and its cell-free culture supernatant (cfs) have immunomodulatory effects in human intestinal-like dendritic cells ...201323555025
the effect of rice fibre fractions on the growth of co-cultures of probiotics.the fermentation of rice dietary fibre was measured by the cell yield, ph, optical density specific growth rate and biomass using nine co-cultures of four probiotics at 0, 6, 24 and 48 h incubation. the results from the fermentation of the soluble, insoluble and total dietary fibre (sdf, idf, and tdf) of two rice varieties were compared. overall there was no significant difference (p < 0.05) in the fermentation of the six different rice fibre fractions. however, co-cultures showed a preference f ...201123572712
beneficial role of the probiotic mixture ultrabiotique on maintaining the integrity of intestinal mucosal barrier in dss-induced experimental colitis.the etiology of inflammatory bowel diseases which include ulcerative colitis (uc) and crohn disease has not yet been clarified. several hypotheses suggest a change in composition of gut microflora along with an impaired mucosal barrier that lead to excessive mucosal immunologic responses. increased production of nitric oxide (no) contributes greatly to the tissue injury caused by chronic inflammation. evidence indicates that the mucus layer covering the epithelium is altered during uc and experi ...201323638770
epithelial cell proliferation arrest induced by lactate and acetate from lactobacillus casei and bifidobacterium breve.in an attempt to identify and characterize how symbiotic bacteria of the gut microbiota affect the molecular and cellular mechanisms of epithelial homeostasis, intestinal epithelial cells were co-cultured with either lactobacillus or bifidobacterium as bona fide symbionts to examine potential gene modulations. in addition to genes involved in the innate immune response, genes encoding check-point molecules controlling the cell cycle were among the most modulated in the course of these interactio ...201323646174
bifidobacterium breve b-3 exerts metabolic syndrome-suppressing effects in the liver of diet-induced obese mice: a dna microarray analysis.we previously reported that supplementation with bifidobacterium breve b-3 reduced body weight gain and accumulation of visceral fat in a dose-dependent manner, and improved serum levels of total cholesterol, glucose and insulin in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. in this study, we investigated the expression of genes in the liver using dna microarray analysis and q-pcr to reveal the mechanism of these anti-obesity effects in this mouse model. administration of b. breve b-3 led to regulate ...201323666099
bifidobacterium fermented milk and galacto-oligosaccharides lead to improved skin health by decreasing phenols production by gut microbiota.a questionnaire survey found that women suffering from abnormal bowel movements have many skin problems such as a high frequency of dry skin. although there are similarities between the structure and barrier function mechanism of the gut and skin, experimental data are insufficient to show an association between the intestinal environment and skin conditions. phenols, for example phenol and p-cresol, as metabolites of aromatic amino acids produced by gut bacteria, are regarded as bioactive toxin ...201423685373
a stand-alone synbiotic treatment for the prevention of d-lactic acidosis in short bowel syndrome.synbiotics are combinations of probiotics and prebiotics that have recently been used in the context of various gastrointestinal diseases, including infectious enteritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and bowel obstruction. we encountered a patient with recurrent d-lactic acidosis who was treated successfully for long periods using synbiotics. the patient was diagnosed as having short bowel syndrome and had recurrent episodes of neurologic dysfunction due to d-lactic acidosis. in addition to fasti ...201523701144
intestinal epithelium-derived galectin-9 is involved in the immunomodulating effects of nondigestible oligosaccharides.dietary intervention using nondigestible oligosaccharides, short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides (scgos)/long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (lcfos), in combination with bifidobacterium breve m-16v prevents allergic disease involving galectin-9. in addition, apical tlr9 signaling contributes to intestinal homeostasis. we studied the contribution of galectin-9 secreted by intestinal epithelial cells (iec; ht-29 and t84) in th1 and regulatory t-cell (treg) polarization in vitro. iec were grown in tr ...201323735749
transposon mutagenesis in bifidobacterium breve: construction and characterization of a tn5 transposon mutant library for bifidobacterium breve ucc2003.bifidobacteria are claimed to contribute positively to human health through a range of beneficial or probiotic activities, including amelioration of gastrointestinal and metabolic disorders, and therefore this particular group of gastrointestinal commensals has enjoyed increasing industrial and scientific attention in recent years. however, the molecular mechanisms underlying these probiotic mechanisms are still largely unknown, mainly due to the fact that molecular tools for bifidobacteria are ...201323737995
sensory characteristics and volatile composition of a cereal beverage fermented with bifidobacterium breve ncimb 702257.most of the commercialized lactic acid fermented products are dairy-based. hence, the development of non-dairy fermented products with probiotic properties draws significant attention within the functional foods industry. the microorganisms used in such products have complex enzyme systems through which they generate diverse metabolites (volatile and non-volatile) that provide significant flavour attributes of importance for fermented foods. the correlation of the volatile flavour compounds of a ...201423744118
bacillus subtilis natto: a non-toxic source of poly-γ-glutamic acid that could be used as a cryoprotectant for probiotic bacteria.it is common practice to freeze dry probiotic bacteria to improve their shelf life. however, the freeze drying process itself can be detrimental to their viability. the viability of probiotics could be maintained if they are administered within a microbially produced biodegradable polymer - poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-pga) - matrix. although the antifreeze activity of γ-pga is well known, it has not been used for maintaining the viability of probiotic bacteria during freeze drying. the aim of this s ...201323829836
bacterial lysates in food allergy prevention.in the concept of food allergy prevention, no successful strategy could be identified until now. although interventional trials using probiotics, prebiotics, hydrolyzed formula and bacterial lysates early in infancy were found to reduce the incidence of atopic dermatitis, no effect on food sensitization and allergy could be shown.201323842540
identification and characterization of an oleate hydratase-encoding gene from bifidobacterium breve.bifidobacteria are common commensals of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. previous studies have suggested that a bifidobacterial myosin cross reactive antigen (mcra) protein plays a role in bacterial stress tolerance, while this protein has also been linked to the biosynthesis of conjugated linoleic acid (cla) in bifidobacteria. in order to increase our understanding on the role of mcra in bifidobacteria we created and analyzed an insertion mutant of the mcra-encoding gene of b. breve ncfb 2 ...201323851389
cholesterol-lowering probiotics: in vitro selection and in vivo testing of bifidobacteria.thirty-four strains of bifidobacteria belonging to bifidobacterium adolescentis, bifidobacterium animalis, bifidobacterium bifidum, bifidobacterium breve, bifidobacterium longum, and bifidobacterium pseu-docatenulatum were assayed in vitro for the ability to assimilate cholesterol and for bile salt hydrolase (bsh) against glycocholic and taurodeoxycholic acids (gca and tdca). cholesterol assimilation was peculiar characteristic of two strains belonging to the species b. bifidum (b. bifidum mb 10 ...201323872958
variation in consumption of human milk oligosaccharides by infant gut-associated strains of bifidobacterium breve.human milk contains a high concentration of complex oligosaccharides that influence the composition of the intestinal microbiota in breast-fed infants. previous studies have indicated that select species such as bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis and bifidobacterium bifidum can utilize human milk oligosaccharides (hmo) in vitro as the sole carbon source, while the relatively few b. longum subsp. longum and bifidobacterium breve isolates tested appear less adapted to these substrates. conside ...201323892749
effect of multispecies probiotic supplements on metabolic profiles, hs-crp, and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes.we are aware of no study that has indicated the effects of daily consumption of multispecies probiotic supplements on metabolic profiles, high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-crp), and oxidative stress in diabetic patients.201323899653
metabolism of four α-glycosidic linkage-containing oligosaccharides by bifidobacterium breve ucc2003.members of the genus bifidobacterium are common inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and other mammals, where they ferment many diet-derived carbohydrates that cannot be digested by their host. to extend our understanding of bifidobacterial carbohydrate utilisation, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which eleven strains of bifidobacterium breve metabolize four distinct α-glucose and/or α-galactose-containing oligosaccharides, namely raffinose, stachyose, melibiose and me ...201323913435
effect of administration of bifidobacteria on intestinal microbiota in low-birth-weight infants and transition of administered bifidobacteria: a comparison between one-species and three-species administration.the effects of administration of bifidobacteria on the intestinal microbiota in low-birth-weight infants, and the transition of each strain of administered bifidobacteria were investigated. a single strain of bifidobacterium breve m-16v (5 × 10(8); one-species group) or a mixture of three species composed of b. breve m-16v, bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis m-63 and b. longum subsp. longum bb536 (5 × 10(8) of each strain; three-species group) were administered daily for 6 weeks. bifidobacte ...201323988359
vertical mother-neonate transfer of maternal gut bacteria via breastfeeding.breast milk has recently been recognized as source of commensal and potential probiotic bacteria. the present study investigated whether viable strains of gut-associated obligate anaerobes are shared between the maternal and neonatal gut ecosystem via breastfeeding. maternal faeces, breast milk and corresponding neonatal faeces collected from seven mothers-neonate pairs at three neonatal sampling points were analyzed by culture-independent (pyrosequencing) and culture-dependent methods (16s rrna ...201424033881
interactions between bifidobacterium and bacteroides species in cofermentations are affected by carbon sources, including exopolysaccharides produced by bifidobacteria.cocultures of strains from two bifidobacterium and two bacteroides species were performed with exopolysaccharides (eps) previously purified from bifidobacteria, with inulin, or with glucose as the carbon source. bifidobacterium longum nb667 and bifidobacterium breve ipla20004 grew in glucose but showed poor or no growth in complex carbohydrates (inulin, eps e44, and eps r1), whereas bacteroides grew well in the four carbon sources tested. in the presence of glucose, the growth of bacteroides the ...201324077708
antipathogenic activity of probiotics against salmonella typhimurium and clostridium difficile in anaerobic batch culture systems: is it due to synergies in probiotic mixtures or the specificity of single strains?probiotics are currently being investigated for prevention of infections caused by enteric pathogens. the aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of three single probiotics: lactobacillus casei ncimb 30185 (pxn 37), lactobacillus acidophilus ncimb 30184 (pxn 35), bifidobacterium breve ncimb 30180 (pxn 25) and a probiotic mixture containing the above strains plus twelve other strains belonging to the lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, lactococcus, streptococcus and bacillus genera o ...201324091275
differential induction of antimicrobial regiii by the intestinal microbiota and bifidobacterium breve ncc2950.the intestinal microbiota is a key determinant of gut homeostasis, which is achieved, in part, through regulation of antimicrobial peptide secretion. the aim of this study was to determine the efficiency by which members of the intestinal microbiota induce the antimicrobial peptide regiii and to elucidate the underlying pathways. we showed that germfree mice have low levels of regiii-γ in their ileum and colon compared to mice with different intestinal microbiota backgrounds. colonization with a ...201324096422
microbial screening of unrelated cord blood units in a chinese cord blood bank.given limited sample volume available for sterility testing, optimal testing methods and algorithms of cord blood (cb) have not been established according to standards.201324118280
mechanisms of cholesterol-lowering effects of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria strains as potential probiotics with their bsh gene analysis.the bile salt hydrolase (bsh) enzyme activities of human-derived lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria were evaluated. the highest enzyme activity was identified as 1.76 ± 0.23 u/mg protein for bifidobacterium breve a26 and 1.42 ± 0.11 u/mg protein for lactobacillus plantarum la3. the bile salt deconjugation ability of the 6 isolates representing the highest bsh enzyme activity was calculated as the release of cholic acid and was between the range of 2.03 ± 0.22 and 1.05 ± 0.25 mm. the strains ...201424158048
safety and immunomodulatory effects of three probiotic strains isolated from the feces of breast-fed infants in healthy adults: setoprob study.we previously described the isolation and characterization of three probiotic strains from the feces of exclusively breast-fed newborn infants: lactobacillus paracasei cncm i-4034, bifidobacterium breve cncm i-4035 and lactobacillus rhamnosus cncm i-4036. these strains were shown to adhere to intestinal mucus in vitro, to be sensitive to antibiotics and to resist biliary salts and low ph. in the present study, a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with 100 healthy vol ...201324205115
interaction of aeromonas strains with lactic acid bacteria via caco-2 cells.the genus aeromonas includes some species that have now been identified as human pathogens of significant medical importance. we investigated the ability of 13 selected aeromonas strains belonging to nine species isolated from clinical cases (n = 5), environmental waters (n = 5), and fish (n = 3) to adhere to and translocate caco-2 cells in the absence and presence of two lactic acid bacteria (lab), i.e., lactobacillus acidophilus and bifidobacterium breve. aeromonas isolates were also assessed ...201424242240
in vitro evaluation of antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria against clostridium difficile.clostridium difficile infection (cdi) has become a significant threat to public health. although broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy is the primary treatment option for cdi, its use has evident limitations. probiotics have been proved to be effective in the treatment of cdi and are a promising therapeutic option for cdi. in this study, 4 strains of lactic acid bacteria (lab), namely, lactobacillus rhamnosus (lr5), lactococcuslactis (sl3), bifidobacterium breve (br3), and bifidobacterium lactis (bl ...201324278635
bifidobacteria: their impact on gut microbiota composition and their applications as probiotics in infants.this review is aimed at describing the most recent advances in the gut microbiota composition of newborns and infants with a particular emphasis on bifidobacteria. the newborn gut microbiota is quite unstable, whereas after weaning, it becomes more stable and gets closer to the typical adult microbiota. the newborn and infant gut microbiota composition is impaired in several enteric and non-enteric pathologies. the core of this review is the description of the most recent documented applications ...201424287935
bile enhances cell surface hydrophobicity and biofilm formation of bifidobacteria.twenty-four human bifidobacterial strains were analysed for cell surface hydrophobicity (csh) using a salt aggregation test (sat) and a congo red binding (crb) assay. three strains were selected for a systematic study on the csh and biofilm formation: bifidobacterium breve 46, bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis 8:8 and a reference strain b. animalis ssp. lactis jcm 10602. crb of the b. breve 46 and b. animalis ssp. lactis jcm 10602 was significantly enhanced (p < 0.05) when grown in deman-rogo ...201424318587
[probiotics improve obesity-associated dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed rats].to evaluate the effect of probiotics (bifidobacterium breve and lactobacillus acidophilus) on serum lipid, serum insulin and insulin resistance in high-fat diet (hfd)-induced obese rats.201324342213
the effects of co-administration of probiotics with herbal medicine on obesity, metabolic endotoxemia and dysbiosis: a randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial.probiotics help maintain balance in composition of the gut microbiota, and have been considered as a potential treatment for obesity. this study was conducted in order to assess the effects of probiotics when combined with herbal medicine in treatment of obesity. probiotics were tested for the ability to modulate gut microbiota, gut permeability, and endotoxin level, which may have correlation with factors involved in obesity.201424411490
cohort study of probiotics in a north american neonatal intensive care unit.to determine whether routine probiotic administration to very preterm infants would reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (nec) without adverse consequences.201424411521
oral administration of bifidobacterium breve attenuates uv-induced barrier perturbation and oxidative stress in hairless mice skin.recent studies have shown that some probiotics affect not only the gut but also the skin. however, the effects of probiotics on ultraviolet (uv)-induced skin damage are poorly understood. in this study, we aim to examine whether oral administration of live bifidobacterium breve strain yakult (bby), a typical probiotic, can attenuate skin barrier perturbation caused by uv and reactive oxygen species (ros) in hairless mice. the mice were orally supplemented with a vehicle only or bby once a day fo ...201424414333
the combination of bifidobacterium breve with non-digestible oligosaccharides suppresses airway inflammation in a murine model for chronic asthma.over the last decade, there has been a growing interest in the use of interventions that target the intestinal microbiota as a treatment approach for asthma. this study is aimed at exploring the therapeutic effects of long-term treatment with a combination of bifidobacterium breve with non-digestible oligosaccharides on airway inflammation and remodeling. a murine ovalbumin-induced chronic asthma model was used. pulmonary airway inflammation; mrna expression of pattern recognition receptors, th- ...201424440361
monitoring lactoferrin iron levels by fluorescence resonance energy transfer: a combined chemical and computational study.three forms of lactoferrin (lf) that differed in their levels of iron loading (lf, lffe, and lffe2) were simultaneously labeled with the fluorophores af350 and af430. all three resulting fluorescent lactoferrins exhibited fluorescence resonance energy transfer (fret), but they all presented different fret patterns. whereas only partial fret was observed for lf and lffe, practically complete fret was seen for the holo form (lffe2). for each form of metal-loaded lactoferrin, the af350-af430 distan ...201424442915
in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of selected oxalate-degrading probiotic bacteria: potential applications in the prevention and treatment of hyperoxaluria.oxalate (ox) is a very common component of the human diet, capable to collect in the renal tissue and bind calcium to form calcium oxalate (caox) crystals. a supersaturation of caox crystal may cause nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis. the inflammation derived from the caox crystal accumulation, together with innate or secondary renal alterations, could strongly affect the renal function. in this case a consumption of probiotics with either oxalate-degrading activity at intestinal level and sy ...201424471378
anaerobic green fluorescent protein as a marker of bifidobacterium strains.some strains of bifidobacterium are considered as probiotics and are being added as adjunct culture in food products due to their potential in maintaining a healthy intestinal microbial balance. however, despite these benefits, bifidobacteria still remain poorly understood at the genetic level compared with other microorganisms of industrial interest. in this work, we have developed a non-invasive green fluorescent based reporter system for real-time tracking of bifidobacterium species in vivo. ...201424495586
efficacy of bifidobacterium breve ncc2950 against dss-induced colitis is dependent on bacterial preparation and timing of administration.probiotics have been proposed as a therapy for inflammatory bowel disease, but variations in strains, formulations, and protocols used in clinical trials have hindered the creation of guidelines for their use. thus, preclinical insight into the mechanisms of specific probiotic strains and mode of administration would be useful to guide future clinical trial design. in this study, live, heat inactivated (hi), and spent culture medium preparations of the probiotic bifidobacterium breve ncc2950 wer ...201424533977
comparative genomics of the bifidobacterium breve taxon.bifidobacteria are commonly found as part of the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract (git) of a broad range of hosts, where their presence is positively correlated with the host's health status. in this study, we assessed the genomes of thirteen representatives of bifidobacterium breve, which is not only a frequently encountered component of the (adult and infant) human gut microbiota, but can also be isolated from human milk and vagina.201424581150
extracellular vesicles modulate host-microbe responses by altering tlr2 activity and phagocytosis.oral delivery of gram positive bacteria, often derived from the genera lactobacillus or bifidobacterium, can modulate immune function. although the exact mechanisms remain unclear, immunomodulatory effects may be elicited through the direct interaction of these bacteria with the intestinal epithelium or resident dendritic cell (dc) populations. we analyzed the immune activation properties of lactobacilli and bifidobacterium species and made the surprising observation that cellular responses in v ...201424586537
effect of bifidobacterium breve m-16v supplementation on fecal bifidobacteria in preterm neonates--a randomised double blind placebo controlled trial.probiotic supplementation significantly reduces the risk of necrotising enterocolitis (nec) and all cause mortality in preterm neonates. independent quality assessment is important before introducing routine probiotic supplementation in this cohort.201424594833
microencapsulation of a synbiotic into plga/alginate multiparticulate gels.probiotic bacteria have gained popularity as a defence against disorders of the bowel. however, the acid sensitivity of these cells results in a loss of viability during gastric passage and, consequently, a loss of efficacy. probiotic treatment can be supplemented using 'prebiotics', which are carbohydrates fermented specifically by probiotic cells in the body. this combination of probiotic and prebiotic is termed a 'synbiotic'. within this article a multiparticulate dosage form has been develop ...201424657143
transcription of two adjacent carbohydrate utilization gene clusters in bifidobacterium breve ucc2003 is controlled by laci- and repressor open reading frame kinase (rok)-type regulators.members of the genus bifidobacterium are commonly found in the gastrointestinal tracts of mammals, including humans, where their growth is presumed to be dependent on various diet- and/or host-derived carbohydrates. to understand transcriptional control of bifidobacterial carbohydrate metabolism, we investigated two genetic carbohydrate utilization clusters dedicated to the metabolism of raffinose-type sugars and melezitose. transcriptomic and gene inactivation approaches revealed that the raffi ...201424705323
bifidobacterium breve and lactobacillus rhamnosus treatment is as effective as budesonide at reducing inflammation in a murine model for chronic asthma.asthma is estimated to affect as many as 300 million people worldwide and its incidence and prevalence are rapidly increasing throughout the world, especially in children and within developing countries. recently, there has been a growing interest in the use of potentially beneficial bacteria for allergic diseases. this study is aimed at exploring the therapeutic effects of long-term treatment with two different beneficial bacterial strains (bifidobacterium breve m-16 v and lactobacillus rhamnos ...201424735374
thermostability of probiotics and their α -galactosidases and the potential for bean products.soybeans and other pulses contain oligosaccharides which may cause intestinal disturbances such as flatulence. this study was undertaken to investigate α -galactosidase-producing probiotics added to frozen foods which can survive warming treatments used in thawing and consumption of the pulses. the maximum α -galactosidase activity (1.26 u/mg protein) was found in bifidobacterium breve s46. lactobacillus casei had the highest α -galactosidase thermostability among the various strains, with d val ...201424744923
ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection caused by bifidobacterium breve.bifidobacterium breve is a rare cause of human infections. previously, bacteremia and meningitis caused by this organism linked to probiotic use have been reported in a neonate. we report the first case of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection caused by b. breve in an adult without a history of probiotic use.201424755114
bifidobacterium breve attenuates murine dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis and increases regulatory t cell responses.while some probiotics have shown beneficial effects on preventing or treating colitis development, others have shown no effects. in this study, we have assessed the immunomodulating effects of two probiotic strains, lactobacillus rhamnosus (l. rhamnosus) and bifidobacterium breve (b. breve) on t cell polarization in vitro, using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc), and in vivo, using murine dextran sodium sulfate (dss) colitis model. with respect to the latter, the mrna expression of ...201424787575
metabolism of sialic acid by bifidobacterium breve ucc2003.bifidobacteria constitute a specific group of commensal bacteria that inhabit the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and other mammals. bifidobacterium breve ucc2003 has previously been shown to utilize several plant-derived carbohydrates that include cellodextrins, starch, and galactan. in the present study, we investigated the ability of this strain to utilize the mucin- and human milk oligosaccharide (hmo)-derived carbohydrate sialic acid. using a combination of transcriptomic and functional g ...201424814790
effects of lactobacillus paracasei cncm i-4034, bifidobacterium breve cncm i-4035 and lactobacillus rhamnosus cncm i-4036 on hepatic steatosis in zucker rats.we have previously described the safety and immunomodulatory effects of lactobacillus paracasei cncm i-4034, bifidobacterium breve cncm i-4035 and lactobacillus rhamnosus cncm i-4036 in healthy volunteers. the scope of this work was to evaluate the effects of these probiotic strains on the hepatic steatosis of obese rats. we used the zucker rat as a genetic model of obesity. zucker-lepr(fa/fa) rats received one of three probiotic strains, a mixture of l. paracasei cncm i-4034 and b. breve cncm i ...201424852284
autoinducer-2 plays a crucial role in gut colonization and probiotic functionality of bifidobacterium breve ucc2003.in the present study we show that luxs of bifidobacterium breve ucc2003 is involved in the production of the interspecies signaling molecule autoinducer-2 (ai-2), and that this gene is essential for gastrointestinal colonization of a murine host, while it is also involved in providing protection against salmonella infection in caenorhabditis elegans. we demonstrate that a b. breve luxs-insertion mutant is significantly more susceptible to iron chelators than the wt strain and that this sensitivi ...201424871429
consecutive intake of fermented milk containing bifidobacterium breve strain yakult and galacto-oligosaccharides benefits skin condition in healthy adult women.a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial was conducted to investigate the beneficial effect of probiotic and prebiotic fermented milk on the skin of healthy adult women. forty healthy japanese adult female volunteers with healthy skin randomly received either a bottle of probiotic and prebiotic fermented milk containing bifidobacterium breve strain yakult and galacto-oligosaccharides (gos) (active group) or a non-fermented placebo milk containing neither probiotics nor gos (placebo g ...201324936360
bifidobacterium breve mcc-117 induces tolerance in porcine intestinal epithelial cells: study of the mechanisms involved in the immunoregulatory effect.bifidobacterium breve mcc-117 is able to significantly reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokines in porcine intestinal epithelial (pie) cells and to improve il-10 levels in cd4(+)cd25(high) foxp3(+) lymphocytes in response to heat-stable enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps), while the immunoregulatory effect of b. adolescentis atcc15705 was significantly lower than that observed for the mcc-117 strain. considering the different capacities o ...201424936377
synbiotic in the management of infantile colic: a randomised controlled trial.infant colic is a frequent problem affecting up to 10-30% of infants in first 3 months of life. results from previous trials have shown that manipulation of gut microbiota can lead to symptomatic improvements. in a randomised clinical trial, we aimed to determine efficacy of synbiotic in reducing average infant crying time at day 7 and day 30 after starting intervention.201424962875
bifidobacterium longum and bifidobacterium breve isolates from preterm and full term neonates: comparison of cell surface properties.we compared autoaggregation, surface hydrophobicity and caco-2 cells adhesion capabilities of independent bifidobacterium breve (n = 22) and bifidobacterium longum (n = 25) strains isolated from preterm (n = 20) and full term neonates (n = 27). concerning strains properties, a correlation between autoaggregation and surface hydrophobicity was found for b. longum (r = 0.40, p = 0.048), b. breve (r = 0.57, p = 0.005), and all strains independently of the species consideration (r = 0.46, p = 0.001) ...201425026303
survival and synergistic growth of mixed cultures of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli combined with prebiotic oligosaccharides in a gastrointestinal tract simulator.probiotics, especially in combination with non-digestible oligosaccharides, may balance the gut microflora while multistrain preparations may express an improved functionality over single strain cultures. in vitro gastrointestinal models enable to test survival and growth dynamics of mixed strain probiotics in a controlled, replicable manner.201425045346
characterization of the vaginal microbiota of healthy canadian women through the menstrual cycle.the vaginal microbial community plays a vital role in maintaining women's health. understanding the precise bacterial composition is challenging because of the diverse and difficult-to-culture nature of many bacterial constituents, necessitating culture-independent methodology. during a natural menstrual cycle, physiological changes could have an impact on bacterial growth, colonization, and community structure. the objective of this study was to assess the stability of the vaginal microbiome of ...201425053998
effects of bifidobacterial supplementation to pregnant women and infants in the prevention of allergy development in infants and on fecal microbiota.probiotic administration may be a useful method for preventing allergies in infants; however, there have been controversial results about the efficacy. we investigated the effects of bifidobacterial supplementation on the risk of developing allergic diseases in the japanese population.201425056226
a novel multi-strain probiotic and synbiotic supplement for prevention of clostridium difficile infection in a murine model.the protective effect of a multi-strain probiotic and synbiotic formulation was evaluated in c57bl/6 mice infected with clostridium difficile (cd) nap1/027. antibiotic-treated mice were divided into the following four groups: group 1, fed with a synbiotic formulation consisting of lactobacillus plantarum f44, l. paracasei f8, bifidobacterium breve 46, b. lactis 8:8, galacto-oligosaccharides, isomalto-oligosaccharides, and resistant starch; group 2, fed with the same four probiotic strains as gro ...201425059277
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