Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| international variation in the incidence of hip fractures: cross-national project on osteoporosis for the world health organization program for research on aging. | a cross-national study of hip fracture incidence was carried out in five geographic areas--beijing, china; budapest, hungary; hong kong; porto alegre, brazil; and reykjavik, iceland--during the years 1990-1992. cases of hip fracture among women and men of age 20 years and older were identified using hospital discharge data in conjunction with medical records, operating room logs, and radiology logs. estimated incidence rates varied widely, with beijing reporting the lowest rates (age-adjusted ra ... | 1999 | 10450414 |
| poultry and the influenza h5n1 outbreak in hong kong, 1997: abridged chronology and virus isolation. | 1999 | 10471177 | |
| plasma insulin, growth hormone, cortisol, and central obesity among young chinese type 2 diabetic patients. | to examine the relationships between central obesity, insulin resistance index, plasma insulin, growth hormone (gh), and cortisol concentrations in 90 young chinese type 2 diabetic patients (aged 33+/-5 years) and 104 age- and sex-matched control subjects (aged 32+/-9 years). | 1999 | 10480508 |
| genetic characterization of the pathogenic influenza a/goose/guangdong/1/96 (h5n1) virus: similarity of its hemagglutinin gene to those of h5n1 viruses from the 1997 outbreaks in hong kong. | analysis of the sequences of all eight rna segments of the influenza a/g oose/guangdong/1/96 (h5n1) virus, isolated from a sick goose during an outbreak in guangdong province, china, in 1996, revealed that the hemagglutinin (ha) gene of the virus was genetically similar to those of the h5n1 viruses isolated in hong kong in 1997. however, the remaining genes showed greater similarity to other avian influenza viruses. notably, the neuraminidase gene did no have the 19-amino-acid deletion in the st ... | 1999 | 10484749 |
| human infection with influenza h9n2. | we report the clinical features of two cases of human infection with influenza a virus subtype h9n2 in hong kong, and show that serum samples from blood donors in hong kong had neutralising antibody suggestive of prior infection with influenza h9n2. | 1999 | 10489954 |
| pancreatic solid-cystic-papillary tumor: clinicopathologic features in eight patients from hong kong and review of the literature. | solid-cystic-papillary tumors (scpts) of the pancreas are rare. the clinicopathologic features and pathogenesis of these tumors have attracted a number of investigations, but the results remain unclear. we investigated the clinicopathologic data, immunohistochemical expression of the pan-endocrine markers, hormones, steroid receptors, and p53 overexpression in pancreatic scpts from eight chinese patients (seven women, one man) collected over a 24-year period. they accounted for 2.5% of the prima ... | 1999 | 10512945 |
| frequencies of defective cyp2c19 alleles in a hong kong chinese population: detection of the rare allele cyp2c19*4. | 1999 | 10585366 | |
| detection of human herpesvirus 8 in cervical cells of chinese women with abnormal papanicolaou smears. | 1999 | 10585826 | |
| population dynamics of the feral macaques in the kowloon hills of hong kong. | hong kong's feral monkey population is controversial. many people complain about the aggressiveness of the monkeys, while some conservationists urge the government to deal with the problem in a way that will not harm the monkeys. the population dynamics of the macaques in the kowloon hills were studied in 1992 and 1993. vital statistics are provided from this study as a first step in resolving the problems of human provisioning and wildlife management. it is unlikely that these macaques are indi ... | 2000 | 10588435 |
| the influence of weather on human mortality in hong kong. | this study is the first attempt to investigate mortality seasonality and weather-mortality relationships in hong kong from 1980 to 1994. monthly mortality data from all causes of death, neoplasm, circulatory and respiratory diseases were obtained from the census and statistics department and the weather data were obtained from the hong kong observatory. regression analyses and anova were employed. significant winter peaks in sex specific and total deaths from all causes, circulatory and respirat ... | 2000 | 10626765 |
| distinct pathogenesis of hong kong-origin h5n1 viruses in mice compared to that of other highly pathogenic h5 avian influenza viruses. | in 1997, an outbreak of virulent h5n1 avian influenza virus occurred in poultry in hong kong (hk) and was linked to a direct transmission to humans. the factors associated with transmission of avian influenza virus to mammals are not fully understood, and the potential risk of other highly virulent avian influenza a viruses infecting and causing disease in mammals is not known. in this study, two avian and one human hk-origin h5n1 virus along with four additional highly pathogenic h5 avian influ ... | 2000 | 10627555 |
| novel tigr sequence alteration val53ala. | 2000 | 10644174 | |
| characterization of the pathogenicity of members of the newly established h9n2 influenza virus lineages in asia. | the reported transmission of avian h9n2 influenza viruses to humans and the isolation of these viruses from hong kong poultry markets lend urgency to studies of their ecology and pathogenicity. we found that h9n2 viruses from north america differ from those of asia. the north american viruses, which infect primarily domestic turkeys, replicated poorly in inoculated chickens. phylogenetic analysis of the hemagglutinin and nucleoprotein genes indicated that the asian h9n2 influenza viruses could b ... | 2000 | 10662623 |
| the monoamine oxidase b gene gt repeat polymorphism and parkinson's disease in a chinese population. | monoamine oxidase b (maob) metabolises dopamine and activates neurotoxins known to induce parkinsonism in humans and primates. therefore the maob gene (maob; xp15.21-4) is a candidate gene for parkinson's disease (pd). longer length dinucleotide repeat sequences in a highly polymorphic gt repeat region of intron 2 of this gene showed an association with pd in an australian cohort. we repeated this allele-association study in a population of 176 chinese pd patients (90 men, 86 women) and 203 agem ... | 2000 | 10701898 |
| influenza a pandemics of the 20th century with special reference to 1918: virology, pathology and epidemiology. | influenza a virus initiated worldwide epidemics (pandemics) in 1918, 1957, 1968 and 1977. a revised calculation of the 1918-1919 pandemic estimates that 40 million persons died and 500 million were infected. the mortalities in 1957 and 1968 were nearly 6 million. biological and genetic characteristics of the causative agents of the more recent pandemics, have been well studied but little is known about the causative agent of the great pandemic in 1918. genetic characterisation of the 1918 virus ... | 2000 | 10713598 |
| incidence and pathology of primary brain lymphoma in hong kong chinese patients. | primary brain lymphoma (pbl) is an uncommon extranodal lymphoma. its incidence is rapidly increasing in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients in western countries. eighteen cases of pbl were identified during a 16-year period among hiv negative patients in queen mary hospital, hong kong. one case of post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease (ptld) was positive for epstein barr virus (ebv) encoded rna (eber) by in situ hybridization. all the remaining 17 immunocompetent cases ... | 2000 | 10721783 |
| incidence of highly genetically diversified vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood imported from asian countries. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important pathogen of humans and aquacultured animals, especially in asian countries. in this study, we examined 686 samples of seafood imported from hong kong, indonesia, thailand and vietnam for v. parahaemolyticus. v. parahaemolyticus was recovered from 315 (45.9%) samples. the incidence of v. parahaemolyticus in products from hong kong and thailand was markedly higher than the incidence in products from indonesia and vietnam. the incidence rates in shrimp, crab, ... | 1999 | 10733249 |
| rifapentine and isoniazid in the continuation phase of a 6-month regimen. interim report: no activity of isoniazid in the continuation phase. | clinical trial amongst 762 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis in hong kong. after an initial 2 months of a four-drug intensive phase consisting of streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide (shrz), a random allocation in continuation to once-weekly rifapentine + isoniazid (hrp1), hrp1 given in 2 of every 3 weeks (hrp1.2/3), or to three times weekly isoniazid + rifampicin (hr3). | 2000 | 10751074 |
| the alpha-synuclein gene and parkinson disease in a chinese population. | to study the ala53thr and ala30pro mutations of the alpha-synuclein gene in a large number of chinese patients with parkinson disease (pd) as well as controls. | 2000 | 10768624 |
| global epidemiology of influenza: past and present. | pandemics are the most dramatic presentation of influenza. three have occurred in the twentieth century: the 1918 h1n1 pandemic, the 1957 h2n2 pandemic, and the 1968 h3n2 pandemic. the tools of molecular epidemiology have been applied in an attempt to determine the origin of pandemic viruses and to understand what made them such successful pathogens. an excellent example of this avenue of research is the recent phylogenetic analysis of genes of the virus that caused the devastating 1918 pandemic ... | 2000 | 10774473 |
| microcomputer-based workforce scheduling for hospital porters. | this paper focuses on labour scheduling for hospital porters who are the major workforce providing routine cleansing of wards, transportation and messenger services. generating an equitable monthly roster for porters while meeting the daily minimum demand is a tedious task scheduled manually by a supervisor. in considering a variety of constraints and goals, a manual schedule was usually produced in seven to ten days. to be in line with the strategic goal of scientific management of an acute car ... | 1999 | 10787496 |
| interspecies transmission of influenza viruses: h5n1 virus and a hong kong sar perspective. | this account takes stock of events and involvements, particularly on the avian side of the influenza h5n1 'bird flu' incident in hong kong sar in 1997. it highlights the role of the chicken in the many live poultry markets as the source of the virus for humans. the slaughter of chicken and other poultry across the sar seemingly averted an influenza pandemic. this perspective from hong kong sar marks the coming-of-age of acceptance of the role of avian hosts as a source of pandemic human influenz ... | 2000 | 10799786 |
| post-mortem investigations on stranded dolphins and porpoises from hong kong waters. | stranded cetaceans reported from the territorial waters of hong kong during the period may 1993 to march 1998 were examined to establish factors that may have contributed to their death. during the current study, 28 indo-pacific hump-backed dolphins (sousa chinensis), 32 finless porpoises (neophocaena phocaenoides), and four bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) were necropsied. bacteria (15 species) were isolated from nine animals. of these bacteria, 47% were of possible fecal origin reflect ... | 2000 | 10813617 |
| oral colonization, phenotypic, and genotypic profiles of candida species in irradiated, dentate, xerostomic nasopharyngeal carcinoma survivors. | the aim of this study was to investigate oral yeast colonization and oral yeast strain diversity in irradiated (head and neck), dentate, xerostomic individuals. subjects were recruited from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma clinic and were segregated into group a (age, <60 years [n = 25; average age +/- standard deviation (sd), 48 +/- 6 years; average postirradiation time +/- sd, 5 +/- 5 years]) and group b (age, >/=60 years [n = 8; average age +/- sd, 67 +/- 4 years; average postirradiation time +/- s ... | 2000 | 10834980 |
| acceptability of serum screening as an alternative to cytogenetic diagnosis of down syndrome among women 35 years or older in hong kong. | the addition of second trimester serum markers to maternal age increases the efficacy of screening for down syndrome by maternal age alone. among women aged 35 years or older, serum screening makes a large proportion of amniocentesis unnecessary. however, there are ethical and medicolegal concerns about serum screening in 'old' women, largely because some of the pregnancies affected by down syndrome and other chromosomal abnormalities may not be detected. we investigated the acceptability of ser ... | 2000 | 10861714 |
| continued circulation in china of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses encoding the hemagglutinin gene associated with the 1997 h5n1 outbreak in poultry and humans. | since the outbreak in humans of an h5n1 avian influenza virus in hong kong in 1997, poultry entering the live-bird markets of hong kong have been closely monitored for infection with avian influenza. in march 1999, this monitoring system detected geese that were serologically positive for h5n1 avian influenza virus, but the birds were marketed before they could be sampled for virus. however, viral isolates were obtained by swabbing the cages that housed the geese. these samples, known collective ... | 2000 | 10864673 |
| a novel missense mutation (p191l) in the glucose-6-phosphate translocase gene identified in a chinese family with glycogen storage disease 1b. | 2000 | 10874322 | |
| a simple restriction fragment length polymorphism-based strategy that can distinguish the internal genes of human h1n1, h3n2, and h5n1 influenza a viruses. | a simple molecular technique for rapid genotyping was developed to monitor the internal gene composition of currently circulating influenza a viruses. sequence information from recent h1n1, h3n2, and h5n1 human virus isolates was used to identify conserved regions within each internal gene, and gene-specific pcr primers capable of amplifying all three virus subtypes were designed. subtyping was based on subtype-specific restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) patterns within the amplifie ... | 2000 | 10878047 |
| p53 polymorphism and human papillomavirus infection in hong kong women with cervical cancer. | in this study we investigated the involvement of p53 polymorphism at codon 72, the infection and typing of human papillomavirus (hpv) and the correlation of p53 polymorphism with hpv type and other clinicopathologic characteristics in 72 hong kong women with cervical cancer. we developed a simple and nonradioactive method for determining polymorphism at codon 72 of the p53 gene. the homozygous p53 arginine allele (arg/arg) was detected in 22 (31%), the homozygous p53 proline allele (pro/pro) in ... | 2000 | 10895031 |
| avian-to-human transmission of h9n2 subtype influenza a viruses: relationship between h9n2 and h5n1 human isolates. | in 1997, 18 cases of influenza in hong kong (bird flu) caused by a novel h5n1 (chicken) virus resulted in the deaths of six individuals and once again raised the specter of a potentially devastating influenza pandemic. slaughter of the poultry in the live bird markets removed the source of infection and no further human cases of h5n1 infection have occurred. in march 1999, however, a new pandemic threat appeared when influenza a h9n2 viruses infected two children in hong kong. these two virus is ... | 2000 | 10920197 |
| health beliefs and optimism as predictors of preventive health decisions in hong kong chinese. | the effects of components of the health belief model and optimism on preventive intention were examined in 144 hong kong chinese. two variables related to the health belief model, susceptibility and severity, were experimentally manipulated for an imaginary flu outbreak and a hypothetical vaccine. participants indicated their intention to take the hypothetical vaccine after reading each of the 4 combinations of high versus low susceptibility and severity. analysis suggested that both higher susc ... | 2000 | 10932559 |
| interspecies transmission and receptor recognition of influenza a viruses. | 2000 | 10941924 | |
| high frequency of chromosome 3p deletion in histologically normal nasopharyngeal epithelia from southern chinese. | we have examined the presence of loss of heterozygosity (loh) on chromosome 3p in histologically normal nasopharyngeal epithelia (np), dysplastic lesions, and carcinoma of the nasopharynx from different ethnic and geographic regions. microdissected normal np from noncancerous individuals and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc) samples from both the high-risk group (southern chinese in hong kong) and two low-risk groups for npc (central/northern chinese in anhui/beijing and caucasians in toronto) were ... | 2000 | 11034072 |
| tear proteins of normal young hong kong chinese. | analysis of tear proteins is of diagnostic value for abnormal ocular conditions such as dry eye syndrome. many studies of tear proteins have been performed on caucasian subjects. however, little is known about these proteins in chinese eyes. | 2000 | 11045341 |
| rapid analysis of cgg repeat length in the fmr1 gene. | the number of trinucleotide cgg repeats at the 5' untranslated region of the fmr1 gene is associated with the fragile x syndrome of mental retardation. we screened for the cgg repeat length in the fmr1 gene of the x-chromosomes from unrelated normal chinese subjects recruited in hong kong and dalian, a southern and a northern chinese city respectively. these cities are about 3000 km apart and the residents have few historical interactions. genomic dna was analysed by pcr and detected by southern ... | 2000 | 11097353 |
| evaluation of novel influenza a viruses and their pandemic potential. | 2000 | 11098522 | |
| caring in nursing: perceptions of hong kong nurses. | ten registered nurses in hong kong were interviewed on their perceptions of caring behaviours in their clinical settings, barriers to these behaviours, and possible ways to overcome those barriers. findings showed that respondents valued the importance of expressive behaviours and interpersonal communication skills in providing holistic patient care. they felt constrained by social, economic, cultural, and personal variables such as staff shortages, the traditional task-orientated approach of nu ... | 2000 | 11111621 |
| h9n2 subtype influenza a viruses in poultry in pakistan are closely related to the h9n2 viruses responsible for human infection in hong kong. | following the outbreak of h5n1 "bird flu" in hong kong in 1997, the isolation of h9n2 subtype viruses from patients in southern china and hong kong sar once again raised the spectre of a possible influenza pandemic. h9n2 viruses have recently been responsible for disease in poultry in various parts of the world and preliminary studies of the h9 haemagglutinin (ha) genes of viruses isolated during 1998 and 1999 in germany, iran, pakistan, and saudi arabia showed a close relationship to the ha gen ... | 2000 | 11112478 |
| heavy metal concentrations in marine fishes collected from fish culture sites in hong kong. | the levels of six heavy metals (cd, cr, cu, ni, pb, and zn) in different tissues of three species of cultured marine fishes (epinephelus areolatus, lutjanus russelli, and sparus sarba) collected from three fish culture sites in hong kong were evaluated. metal pollution problems in the fish culture sites were serious, as reflected by the high metal concentrations recorded in sea water, sediments, and the biomonitor perna viridis. in general, tissues of all three species contained high concentrati ... | 2001 | 11116341 |
| adult croup: a rare but more severe condition. | we report the first adult patient with virologically confirmed croup caused by parainfluenza virus type 3 and review 10 cases of adult croup described in the english-language literature. circumstantial evidence of viral infection was present in only 1 other case, in which there was a rise in antibody titer against influenza b virus. ten patients (91%) required intensive care support. none of the 11 patients died. a comparison was also made between the 11 adults with croup and 43 children hospita ... | 2000 | 11124654 |
| avian influenza viruses infecting humans. | avian species, particularly waterfowl, are the natural hosts of influenza a viruses. influenza viruses bearing each of the 15 hemagglutinin and nine neuraminidase subtypes infect birds and serve as a reservoir from which influenza viruses or genes are introduced into the human population. viruses with novel hemagglutinin genes derived from avian influenza viruses, with or without other accompanying avian influenza virus genes, have the potential for pandemic spread when the human population lack ... | 2000 | 11130181 |
| epidemiology and infection control implications of acinetobacter spp. in hong kong. | in a previous study, we showed that acinetobacter genomic dna group 3 was the most common species among blood culture isolates and was commonly found on superficial carriage sites of the healthy and the sick, which are different findings from those reported in europe and north america. we used amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to study further the molecular epidemiology of acinetobacters in our region. over a study period of 6 weeks with 136 consec ... | 2001 | 11136776 |
| pandemic threat posed by avian influenza a viruses. | influenza pandemics, defined as global outbreaks of the disease due to viruses with new antigenic subtypes, have exacted high death tolls from human populations. the last two pandemics were caused by hybrid viruses, or reassortants, that harbored a combination of avian and human viral genes. avian influenza viruses are therefore key contributors to the emergence of human influenza pandemics. in 1997, an h5n1 influenza virus was directly transmitted from birds in live poultry markets in hong kong ... | 2001 | 11148006 |
| pathology of fatal human infection associated with avian influenza a h5n1 virus. | eighteen cases of human influenza a h5n1 infection were identified in hong kong from may to december 1997. two of the six fatal cases had undergone a full post-mortem which showed reactive hemophagocytic syndrome as the most prominent feature. other findings included organizing diffuse alveolar damage with interstitial fibrosis, extensive hepatic central lobular necrosis, acute renal tubular necrosis and lymphoid depletion. elevation of soluble interleukin-2 receptor, interleukin-6 and interfero ... | 2001 | 11170064 |
| cross-reactive, cell-mediated immunity and protection of chickens from lethal h5n1 influenza virus infection in hong kong poultry markets. | in 1997, avian h5n1 influenza virus transmitted from chickens to humans resulted in 18 confirmed infections. despite harboring lethal h5n1 influenza viruses, most chickens in the hong kong poultry markets showed no disease signs. at this time, h9n2 influenza viruses were cocirculating in the markets. we investigated the role of h9n2 influenza viruses in protecting chickens from lethal h5n1 influenza virus infections. sera from chickens infected with an h9n2 influenza virus did not cross-react wi ... | 2001 | 11222674 |
| imported parakeets harbor h9n2 influenza a viruses that are genetically closely related to those transmitted to humans in hong kong. | in 1997 and 1998, h9n2 influenza a viruses were isolated from the respiratory organs of indian ring-necked parakeets (psittacula krameri manillensis) that had been imported from pakistan to japan. the two isolates were closely related to each other (>99% as determined by nucleotide analysis of eight rna segments), indicating that h9n2 viruses of the same lineage were maintained in these birds for at least 1 year. the hemagglutinins and neuraminidases of both isolates showed >97% nucleotide ident ... | 2001 | 11238878 |
| epstein-barr virus (ebv) infection in infancy. | epstein-barr virus (ebv) has been shown to be the cause of infectious mononucleosis (im) and has more complicated associations with several malignant diseases. these ebv associated diseases provide a strong incentive for the development of an ebv vaccine. most primary ebv infection during infancy and early childhood is mild or subclinical. little is known about its infection in infancy. the pattern of ebv serological response during infancy may be important for vaccine management. | 2001 | 11255098 |
| distribution of human kappa locus igkv2-29 and igkv2d-29 alleles in swedish caucasians and hong kong chinese. | polymorphism in the igkv2-29 gene was shown to decrease the recombination frequency in b cells and to be important for immune responses to haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide. by using the combination of pcr and restriction enzyme mapping, the distribution of igkv2d-29 and igkv2-29 gene alleles was estimated in two geographically and ethnically different groups. we found that v2d-29*01 homozygous individuals were most common in swedish caucasians (82%), but less common in the chinese po ... | 2001 | 11261927 |
| identification of the intron 14 splicing defect of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene in hong kong chinese. | 2001 | 11298687 | |
| an uncommon cause of foot ulcer: tuberculosis osteomyelitis. | tuberculous osteomyelitis is an uncommon infection that usually involves the vertebrae. an otherwise healthy young man with a chronic discharging sinus on his right foot caused by tuberculous osteomyelitis is described. the risk factors, clinical features, radiological findings, and investigations of tuberculous osteomyelitis are briefly reviewed. tuberculous osteomyelitis usually runs an insidious course; emergency physicians should be aware of the possibility of tuberculous osteomyelitis espec ... | 2001 | 11300193 |
| behavioural surveillance of sexually-related risk behaviours of the chinese male general population in hong kong: a benchmark study. | the objective of the study was to establish a behavioural surveillance system (bss) for sexually-related risk behaviours of the hong kong adult male general population. benchmark data were obtained by interviewing 1,020 male respondents, age 18 to 60. the results showed that: (1) 14% of the respondents had engaged in commercial sex in the past six months, (2) 27% of the male commercial sex clients did not always use condoms when having sexual intercourse with commercial sex workers (csws), (3) 1 ... | 2001 | 11304428 |
| familial early-onset type 2 diabetes in chinese patients: obesity and genetics have more significant roles than autoimmunity. | we examined the prevalence of different forms of diabetes in hong kong chinese patients with familial early-onset type 2 diabetes and compared their clinical features with patients with familial late-onset type 2 diabetes. | 2001 | 11315828 |
| rp1 in chinese: eight novel variants and evidence that truncation of the extreme c-terminal does not cause retinitis pigmentosa. | heterozygous truncating mutations in the rp1 gene cause approximately 7% of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (rp) cases. to examine the role of rp1 mutations in rp, we screened 101 unrelated chinese rp patients (unselected for mode of inheritance) and 190 elderly normal control subjects for sequence changes in the coding exons for the 2156 amino acid rp1 protein. one patient had a mutation, thus rp1 mutations cause about 0.0% to 5.4% (95% confidence interval) of all rp among chinese. the ... | 2001 | 11317367 |
| hla class ii alleles in chinese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. | recent reports of an association between human leucocyte antigens (hla) and persistence of hepatitis b virus infection, and the familial clustering of hepatocellular carcinoma raise the question of genetic susceptibility. previous studies have been limited to serological phenotyping of hla b and dr antigens. the aim of this study was to use molecular genotyping to investigate hla class ii as a risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in hong kong chinese. | 2001 | 11318984 |
| overview of occupational health research in hong kong. | a review was undertaken to collect and collate information on studies that have been done in hong kong in the field of occupational health. both published and unpublished reports related to occupational health research in hong kong during the period 1966-1997 were sought. the data collection was performed through various means, including electronic medline searches and manual searches of local academic and professional journals. relevant information for each report was abstracted and collated. a ... | 2000 | 11338734 |
| the prevalence and characterization of verotoxin-producing escherichia coli isolated from cattle and pigs in an abattoir in hong kong. | the aim of the study was to define the prevalence of verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) in cattle and pigs in a hong kong abattoir. faecal and carcass samples collected from 986 cattle and 487 pigs from an abattoir were tested for verotoxin (vt) by pcr and cytotoxicity assays. vtec was isolated from 415 and 1-8% of cattle faecal and carcass samples and from 2.1 and 0.2% of porcine faecal and carcass samples, respectively. amongst 409 vtec isolates from cattle, 9 were serotype o157:h7 an ... | 2001 | 11349966 |
| population data for 12 str loci in hong kong chinese. | the allele distributions at the 12 short tandem repeat (str) loci d3s1358, humvwa, humfibra/fga, humtho1, humtpox, humcsf1p0, d5s818, d13s317, d7s820, d8s1179, d21s11 and d18s51 have been determined for 284 unrelated chinese in hong kong. the combined probability of identity for the 12 str loci was about 4.1 x 10(-14) and the overall probability of excluding paternity 0.999978. none of the 12 loci were found to deviate from hardy-weinberg expectations according to the results of the exact test. ... | 2001 | 11355412 |
| infection of a child in hong kong by an influenza a h3n2 virus closely related to viruses circulating in european pigs. | influenza virus a/hong kong/1774/99, isolated from a young child with mild influenza, was shown to be similar in its antigenic and genetic characteristics to h3n2 viruses circulating in pigs in europe during the 1990s and in particular to be closely related to viruses isolated from two children in the netherlands in 1993. similar viruses had previously not been identified outside europe. although there is little evidence as to how the child contracted the infection, it appears likely that pigs i ... | 2001 | 11369884 |
| colonization patterns of wood-inhabiting fungi on baits in hong kong rivers, with reference to the effects of organic pollution. | the diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi was investigated by submerging woody baits at upstream and downstream sites of the lam tsuen and tai po rivers in hong kong. the diversity of fungi in the lam tsuen river was also compared with that on natural woody substrates found in a previous study. there were differences in the species composition between the upstream and downstream sites, possibly reflecting natural variations along the river. the tai po river downstream was organically polluted, whic ... | 2001 | 11392481 |
| chemical contamination of the east river (dongjiang) and its implication on sustainable development in the pearl river delta. | a recent survey reveals that water quality and river sediments of dongjiang (the east river) have been mildly contaminated by heavy metals and organic chemicals, such as copper, lead, pcbs, pahs and hchs. according to photogrammertic surveys, the sources of contamination are closely related to human activities, such as domestic and industrial discharges, agricultural chemical applications and soil erosion due to deforestation. the level of water and sediment contamination is most serious at the ... | 2001 | 11392743 |
| cost-effectiveness study on influenza prevention in hong kong. | recent studies confirm that influenza vaccination confers health benefits and reduces direct and indirect costs associated with the illness. however, these studies did not examine the situation in southern china, a hypothetical influenza epicentre for the emergence of pandemic influenza viruses. | 2001 | 11399347 |
| efficacy of vaccines in chickens against highly pathogenic hong kong h5n1 avian influenza. | in 1997, highly pathogenic (hp) h5n1 avian influenza virus (aiv) caused infections in poultry in hong kong and crossed into humans, resulting in a limited number of infections including 18 hospitalized cases and six associated deaths. the unique ability of this, aiv to infect both poultry and people raised a concern for the potential of humans to be biological as well as mechanical vectors of this aiv to poultry. the current study was undertaken to determine if existing vaccines and their techno ... | 2001 | 11417815 |
| a chinese patient with non-hfe-linked iron overload. | the gene for hemochromatosis (hfe) was recently identified and contains two missense mutations: c282y and h63d. the c282y mutation is found homozygous in approximately 85% to 90% of patients of northern european ancestry with hereditary hemochromatosis. there are no previous reports with results of genetic testing in chinese patients with regard to iron overload. in this case report, we describe a chinese woman with marked hepatic iron overload that was nonfamilial, with unusual biopsy findings, ... | 2001 | 11418796 |
| management, disposal and recycling of waste industrial organic solvents in hong kong. | an attempt has been made to establish a mass balance of industrial organic solvents in hong kong. it is estimated that only a small portion, less than 4%, of all the organic solvents consumed in hong kong are collected as waste solvents and properly treated, while the remainder are used either in the formulation of solvent containing products, or are lost to the environment through vapour emissions, leaks and spills, or dumped illegally. it was found that solvent recycling has been a common prac ... | 2001 | 11419763 |
| a novel germline 1.8-kb deletion of hmlh1 mimicking alternative splicing: a founder mutation in the chinese population. | we have previously reported that there is a high incidence of microsatellite instability (msi) and germline mismatch repair gene mutation in colorectal cancer arising from young hong kong chinese. most of the germline mutations involve hmsh2, which is different from the mutation spectrum in the western population. it is well known that alternative splicing is common in hmlh1, which complicates rna based mutation detection methods. in contrast, large deletions in hmlh1, commonly observed in some ... | 2001 | 11420710 |
| safety and ergonomics evaluation of hybrid systems in hong kong. | this study is aimed at understanding common safety and ergonomics problems with robot installation in hong kong. information was collected through direct observations and personal interviews with robot users from advanced hybrid manufacturing systems. the application areas of robots and types of safety devices employed were investigated. the ages, types of jobs, daily working hours and working conditions of personnel were examined. fire precaution measures, types and varieties of training progra ... | 2001 | 11426686 |
| human papillomavirus infection in non-neoplastic uterine cervical disease in hong kong. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to detect and identify human papillomavirus (hpv) in 108 cases of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, non-neoplastic uterine cervical biopsy tissue retrieved from the surgical pathology archives of the department of pathology, caritas medical centre, hong kong. after dna extraction, hpv l1 gene primers were used to detect the presence of hpv, and type-specific primers (to hpv types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 33) were used to identify the specific hpv type o ... | 2001 | 11440211 |
| dopamine d3 receptor gene and tardive dyskinesia in chinese schizophrenic patients. | epidemiological studies have shown a lower prevalence of tardive dyskinesia (td) among chinese psychiatric patients compared to caucasian and black patient populations. it has been hypothesized that pharmacogenetic factors may underlie this cross-cultural difference. due to the important implications of the dopamine d3 receptor gene (drd3) in motor control, we investigated the frequency of polymorphic serine (ser) to glycine (gly) substitution of the gene drd3 in chinese schizophrenic patients. ... | 2001 | 11478419 |
| antibodies to epstein-barr virus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, other head and neck neoplasms, and control groups. | 1970 | 11515035 | |
| [influenza pandemic was probably avoided with effort and luck--thus far]. | 1998 | 11524743 | |
| molecular epidemiological analysis of salmonella enterica serotype derby infections in hong kong. | we aimed to study the antimicrobial susceptibilities and molecular epidemiology of salmonella enterica serotype derby, a unique and common salmonella serotype in hong kong. | 2001 | 11531322 |
| virology. the origin and control of pandemic influenza. | 2001 | 11546857 | |
| molecular basis for high virulence of hong kong h5n1 influenza a viruses. | in 1997, an h5n1 influenza a virus was transmitted from birds to humans in hong kong, killing 6 of the 18 people infected. when mice were infected with the human isolates, two virulence groups became apparent. using reverse genetics, we showed that a mutation at position 627 in the pb2 protein influenced the outcome of infection in mice. moreover, high cleavability of the hemagglutinin glycoprotein was an essential requirement for lethal infection. | 2001 | 11546875 |
| characterization of a human h9n2 influenza virus isolated in hong kong. | two h9n2 viruses were isolated, for the first time, from humans in hong kong in 1999. isolation of influenza viruses with a novel subtype of the hemagglutinin (ha) drew attention of health care authorities worldwide from the view of pandemic preparedness. sequence analysis of the ha genes reveals that ha of a/hong kong/1073/99 (h9n2) is most closely related to that of a/quail/hk/g1/97 (h9n2) that contains the internal genes similar to those of hong kong/97 (h5n1) viruses. phylogenetic and antige ... | 2001 | 11567756 |
| alpha-1 antitrypsin phenotypes by isoelectric focusing in a metropolitan southern chinese population. | alpha-1 antitrypsin (alpha1at) is an abundant protease inhibitor in human plasma. its phenotypic variability has been reported to be associated with pulmonary emphysema and chronic liver diseases. however, alpha1at deficiency is an uncommon condition in the chinese population. the aim of this study was to describe the phenotypic distribution of alpha1at in a southern chinese population. | 2001 | 11577132 |
| influenza a infection is an important cause of febrile seizures. | to compare the incidence of febrile seizures in children hospitalized for influenza a infection with parainfluenza and adenovirus infection and to examine the hypothesis that children hospitalized for influenza a (variant sydney/h3n2) during the 1998 season in hong kong had more frequent and refractory seizures when compared with other respiratory viruses, including the a/wuhan h3n2 variant that was present in the previous year. | 2001 | 11581471 |
| universal screening of human immunodeficiency virus infection in pregnant women in hong kong: prospective study. | to evaluate universal screening with an opt-out approach of pregnant women for human immunodeficiency virus infection. | 2001 | 11590265 |
| maternal serum screening for down syndrome in a teaching hospital in hong kong. | to study prospectively the use of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (afp) and total beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) concentrations for screening of down syndrome in hong kong. | 1999 | 11601289 |
| traveling through the cancer trajectory: social support perceived by women with gynecologic cancer in hong kong. | a qualitative research design was selected to gather data on the experiences of social support for chinese women with gynecologic cancer. eighteen women were recruited and interviewed at an oncology unit of a teaching hospital in hong kong. content analysis of the interview data showed chinese women with gynecologic cancer placed enormous emphasis on their human relationships. family members were especially significant to them although not all identified their family relations as satisfactory or ... | 2001 | 11605709 |
| arrests put focus on human organs from china. | 1998 | 11647606 | |
| on the use of organs from executed prisoners. | 1992 | 11654066 | |
| a polymorphism in the coding region of interleukin-13 gene is associated with atopy but not asthma in chinese children. | interleukin (il)-13 is an important cytokine secreted from type 2 helper t lymphocytes. it is essential for modulating ige synthesis by human b cells. previous studies showed that polymorphisms in the il-13 gene were associated with serum total ige or allergic asthma. the relationship of this marker with sensitization to individual aeroallergens has not been evaluated. | 2001 | 11678850 |
| to err is human nature. can transfusion errors due to human factors ever be eliminated? | fatal hemolytic transfusion reaction due to abo incompatibility occurs mainly as a result of clerical errors. blood sample drawn from the wrong patient and labeled as another patient's specimen will not be detected by the blood bank unless there is a previous abo grouping result. | 2001 | 11694240 |
| microsatellite allelotyping of chinese nasopharyngeal carcinomas. | chinese nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc) specimens were analyzed by microsatellite allelotyping to evaluate their usefulness as biomarkers for cancer detection. | 2001 | 11712814 |
| characterization of h5n1 influenza viruses that continue to circulate in geese in southeastern china. | the h5n1 influenza virus, which killed humans and poultry in 1997, was a reassortant that possibly arose in one type of domestic poultry present in the live-poultry markets of hong kong. given that all the precursors of h5n1/97 are still circulating in poultry in southern china, the reassortment event that generated h5n1 could be repeated. because a/goose/guangdong/1/96-like (h5n1; go/gd) viruses are the proposed donors of the hemagglutinin gene of the h5n1 virus, we investigated the continued c ... | 2002 | 11739677 |
| molecular evolution of h6 influenza viruses from poultry in southeastern china: prevalence of h6n1 influenza viruses possessing seven a/hong kong/156/97 (h5n1)-like genes in poultry. | the a/teal/hong kong/w312/97 (h6n1) influenza virus and the human h5n1 and h9n2 influenza viruses possess similar genes encoding internal proteins, suggesting that h6n1 viruses could become novel human pathogens. the molecular epidemiology and evolution of h6 influenza viruses were characterized by antigenic and genetic analyses of 29 h6 influenza viruses isolated from 1975 to 1981 and 1997 to 2000. two distinct groups were identified on the basis of their antigenic characteristics. phylogenetic ... | 2002 | 11752141 |
| determinants of cervical human papillomavirus infection: differences between high- and low-oncogenic risk types. | this cross-sectional survey assessed the determinants of human papillomavirus (hpv) infections among 2080 women who participated in cervical cancer screening. hpvs were typed by restriction and sequencing analyses. the prevalence of hpv was 7.3% (4.2% for high-risk, 1.9% for low-risk, and 2.1% for unknown-risk types). high-risk hpv prevalence decreased with age, whereas low- and unknown-risk hpvs had a second peak in older women. young age was the only common variable associated with the 3 group ... | 2002 | 11756978 |
| [energy production of plants in grass, dicranopteris dichotoma and rhodomyrtus tomentosa communities in hong kong]. | with harvest method and caloric value analysis, this paper studied the caloric values, standing energy, net fixed energy and net standing energy increment of three plant communities i.e., grass, dicranopteris dichotoma and rhodomyrtus tomentosa, in hong kong. the results showed that the caloric value was higher in d. dichotoma community and lower in grass community. the standing energy of plants in grass, d. dichotoma and r. tomentosa community was 18,638, 38,436 and 65,632 kj.m-2; net fixed ene ... | 2001 | 11758416 |
| epidemiology and detection of human immunodeficiency virus among pregnant women in hong kong. | to determine the epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus infection among pregnant women and the neonatal outcomes in hong kong. | 2001 | 11773666 |
| an efficacy-driven approach to the research and development of traditional chinese medicine. | research activities in traditional chinese medicine have, to date, focused on the search for relevant active substances and mechanisms of action. this research approach is shaped partly by the conventional drug development model, which commences with determining the mechanism of disease, followed by the design and synthesis of therapeutically active compounds or molecules, animal and in vitro studies, and finally clinical trials in humans. demonstration of clinical efficacy in humans using rando ... | 2001 | 11773672 |
| universal antenatal human immunodeficiency virus testing in hong kong: consensus statement. | following the recommendations of the advisory council on aids, hong kong, the hospital authority announced plans to introduce universal antenatal screening for human immunodeficiency virus infection and hence, a consensus conference was held to discuss strategies for implementing such screening in hong kong. this paper reports the discussions of the consensus conference. the consensus meeting group consisted of 15 clinicians and scientists from hong kong, macau, and thailand. seven commonly aske ... | 2001 | 11773678 |
| reverse genetics approach towards understanding pathogenesis of h5n1 hong kong influenza a virus infection. | in 1990, palese and colleagues established a method (reverse genetics) that allowed one to generate influenza virus containing a gene segment derived from cloned cdna. although this method contributed tremendously to our understanding of influenza pathogenesis, the requirement of helper viruses limited its use in many experimental settings. recently, we and others established systems for the generation of influenza viruses entirely from cloned cdnas. these systems require only dna cloning and tr ... | 2001 | 11779382 |
| pulmonary cryptococcosis: a case report and review of the asian-pacific experience. | pulmonary cryptococcosis is a very rare form of pneumonia, which is seldom seen among immunocompetent patients. we report the case of a 36-year-old man who presented with indolent pneumonia that was subsequently diagnosed to be pulmonary cryptococcosis without other systemic involvement. contrary to formal belief, there was evidence of residual lung fibrosis 12 months after initial presentation. the features of pulmonary cryptococcosis reported in the asian pacific region are also reviewed. | 2001 | 11844128 |
| universal screening of human immunodeficiency virus infection in pregnant women in hong kong. | 2002 | 11862000 | |
| a pilot study of the effects of cognitive-behavioral group therapy and peer support/counseling in decreasing psychologic distress and improving quality of life in chinese patients with symptomatic hiv disease. | forty-six chinese patients with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) participated in a comparative study assessing the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy (cbt) and peer support/counseling group therapy (psc) in relation to improving mood and quality of life and decreasing uncertainty in illness as compared to a group receiving routine treatment with no formal psychosocial intervention. the cbt group consisted of 10 subjects, the psc group of 10 subjects, and the compar ... | 2002 | 11874640 |
| lack of evidence for human-to-human transmission of avian influenza a (h9n2) viruses in hong kong, china 1999. | in april 1999, isolation of avian influenza a (h9n2) viruses from humans was confirmed for the first time. h9n2 viruses were isolated from nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens collected from two children who were hospitalized with uncomplicated, febrile, upper respiratory tract illnesses in hong kong during march 1999. novel influenza viruses have the potential to initiate global pandemics if they are sufficiently transmissible among humans. we conducted four retrospective cohort studies of persons ... | 2002 | 11897066 |
| pathogenicity of a hong kong-origin h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus for emus, geese, ducks, and pigeons. | the h5n1 type a influenza viruses that emerged in hong kong in 1997 are a unique lineage of type a influenza viruses with the capacity to transmit directly from chickens to humans and produce significant disease and mortality in both of these hosts. the objective of this study was to ascertain the susceptibility of emus (dramaius novaehollandiae), domestic geese (anser anser domesticus), domestic ducks (anas platyrhynchos), and pigeons (columba livia) to intranasal (i.n.) inoculation with the a/ ... | 2002 | 11924603 |
| modelling the 137cs ingestion dose from consumption of marine fish in hong kong. | this paper presents a compartmental model for estimating the ingestion dose, due to 137cs, arising from the consumption of marine fish in hong kong. 137cs is one of the more important radionuclides released in routine liquid effluents discharged from the guangdong nuclear power station at daya bay, which began commercial operation in 1994. in the model, three sea/ocean compartments are considered. assuming the discharge of this radionuclide is maintained at a constant rate, the model shows that ... | 2002 | 11926370 |
| risk of influenza a (h5n1) infection among poultry workers, hong kong, 1997-1998. | in 1997, outbreaks of highly pathogenic influenza a (h5n1) among poultry coincided with 18 documented human cases of h5n1 illness. although exposure to live poultry was associated with human illness, no cases were documented among poultry workers (pws). to evaluate the potential for avian-to-human transmission of h5n1, a cohort study was conducted among 293 hong kong government workers (gws) who participated in a poultry culling operation and among 1525 pws. paired serum samples collected from g ... | 2002 | 11930308 |
| infectious disease surveillance update. | 2002 | 11937416 |