Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| ifn-beta mediates coordinate expression of antigen-processing genes in rsv-infected pulmonary epithelial cells. | major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i-restricted cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) clear respiratory tract infections caused by the pneumovirus respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and also mediate vaccine-induced pulmonary injury. herein we examined the mechanism for rsv-induced mhc class i presentation. like infectious viruses, conditioned medium from rsv-infected cells (rsv-cm) induces naive cells to coordinately express a gene cluster encoding the transporter associated with antigen prese ... | 2001 | 11159003 |
| exaggerated neurogenic inflammation and substance p receptor upregulation in rsv-infected weanling rats. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in adult rats causes exaggerated inflammation after sensory nerve stimulation in the extrapulmonary, but not in the intrapulmonary airways. the goal of this study was to analyze neurogenic inflammation in weanling f-344 rats infected with rsv 18 +/- 2 d after birth. five days after rsv inoculation, the extravasation of evans blue-labeled albumin after nerve stimulation was significantly greater in the intrapulmonary airways of rsv-infected weanling rat ... | 2001 | 11159042 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection results in activation of multiple protein kinase c isoforms leading to activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important respiratory pathogen that preferentially infects epithelial cells in the airway and causes a local inflammatory response. very little is known about the second messenger pathways involved in this response. to characterize some of the acute response pathways involved in rsv infection, we used cultured human epithelial cells (a549) and optimal tissue culture-infective doses (tcid(50)) of rsv. we have previously shown that rsv-induced il-8 release i ... | 2001 | 11160332 |
| mip-1alpha is produced but it does not control pulmonary inflammation in response to respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice. | the intent of this study was to compare the cellular and biochemical inflammatory responses of mice infected with the paramyxovirus pathogens respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and pneumonia virus of mice (pvm). although rsv is not a natural pathogen of mice, it has been used extensively in mouse models of the human disease, as a limited respiratory infection can be established via intranasal inoculation of virus at high titer. in earlier work, we found that acute infection with the natural roden ... | 2000 | 11161432 |
| cd4(+) t cell frequencies and th1/th2 cytokine patterns expressed in the acute and memory response to respiratory syncytial virus i-e(d)-restricted peptides. | the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-specific frequencies and cytokine expression patterns of acute and memory cd4(+) t cells from rsv strain-a- and strain-b-infected balb/c mice were determined following restimulation with a panel of 14 predicted rsv i-e(d) peptides from nsp-2, m, sh, f, and l proteins. ten of fourteen peptides stimulated intracellular th1 and/or th2 cytokines in cd4(+) t cells from the mediastinal lymph nodes (mln) and spleens of rsv strain-a- or strain-b-immune balb/c mice. ... | 2001 | 11161454 |
| blocking intercellular adhesion molecule-1 on human epithelial cells decreases respiratory syncytial virus infection. | the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes potentially fatal lower respiratory tract infection in infants. the molecular mechanism of rsv infection is unknown. our data show that rsv colocalizes with intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1) on the hep-2 epithelial cell surface. furthermore, a neutralizing anti-icam-1 mab significantly inhibits rsv infection and infection-induced secretion of proinflammatory chemokine rantes and mediator et-1 in hep-2 cells. similar decrease in rsv infection ... | 2001 | 11162498 |
| the role of respiratory viruses in otitis media. | evidence derived from numerous studies ranging from animal experiments to extensive clinical trials supports a crucial role for respiratory viruses in acute otitis media. viral infection of the upper respiratory tract initiates the whole cascade of events that ultimately leads to development of acute otitis media, and viruses contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease by several mechanisms. recent data indicate that at least some types of viruses actively invade the middle ear and may also i ... | 2000 | 11163463 |
| respiratory syncytial virus vaccines for otitis media. | rsv is a high priority for vaccine development because of its propensity to cause pneumonia and bronchiolitis in the infant and young child. since rsv infection is likely to be a substantial contributor to otitis media, a vaccine could also decrease rates of this disease. no vaccine has yet been developed but it is hoped that the availability of an rsv infectious clone will make it possible to develop a live virus vaccine for the infant and young child. subunit rsv vaccines are being developed f ... | 2000 | 11163465 |
| passive immunization for the prevention of otitis media. | the safety and protective efficacy of exogenously-administered immunoglobulin for the prevention of otitis media has been demonstrated in the clinical trials of the human-derived polyclonal immune globulin used to prevent haemophilus influenzae type b disease and respiratory syncytial virus infection in high risk neonates and young children. however, this form of therapy is expensive, difficult to administer due to the requirements of slow intravenous infusion or relatively large volumes given i ... | 2000 | 11163474 |
| quantifying pulmonary hypertension in ventilated infants with bronchiolitis: a pilot study. | to determine whether previously well infants ventilated for bronchiolitis have sufficiently elevated pulmonary artery pressures (pap) to warrant a trial of inhaled nitric oxide (ino) therapy. | 2001 | 11168873 |
| comparison of human respiratory syncytial virus a2 and 8/60 fusion glycoprotein gene sequences and mapping of sub-group specific antibody epitopes. | the fusion glycoprotein, f, of human respiratory syncytial virus is a principal target of neutralising antibodies and an important protective immunogen. among sub-group a strains of the virus the f gene is highly conserved. a comparison of f gene sequences of two sub-group b strains, 8/60 and 18537, indicates that the gene also is conserved within this sub-group. however, both limited sequence variability and antigenic variation occurs between f genes from different virus sub-groups. such variab ... | 2001 | 11170054 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection does not increase allergen-induced type 2 cytokine production, yet increases airway hyperresponsiveness in mice. | severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced disease is associated with childhood asthma and atopy. we combined murine models of allergen-sensitization and rsv infection to explore the interaction of allergic and virus-induced airway inflammation and its impact on airway hyperresponsiveness (ahr). we found that rsv infection during ova-sensitization (ova/rsv) increased and prolonged ahr compared to mice only rsv-infected (rsv) or ova-sensitized (ova). ahr is known to be associated with an in ... | 2001 | 11170055 |
| reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) for diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection in adults: use of a single-tube "hanging droplet" nested pcr. | rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is difficult in elderly persons due to the low quantities of virus shed. therefore, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was used to detect viral rna in respiratory secretions. a single-tube nested rt-pcr that used primers from a conserved f gene sequence was developed using a "hanging droplet" to physically separate outer and inner primer pairs during the first round of the pcr reaction. this was accomplished by ... | 2001 | 11170067 |
| implication of the proprotein convertases furin, pc5 and pc7 in the cleavage of surface glycoproteins of hong kong, ebola and respiratory syncytial viruses: a comparative analysis with fluorogenic peptides. | fluorogenic peptides encompassing the processing sites of envelope glycoproteins of the infectious influenza a hong kong virus (hkv), ebola virus (ebov) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were tested for cleavage by soluble recombinants of the proprotein convertases furin, pc5 and pc7. kinetic studies with these intramolecularly quenched fluorogenic peptides revealed selective cleavages at the physiological dibasic sites. the hkv peptide is cleaved by both furin and pc5 with similar efficacy; ... | 2001 | 11171050 |
| recombinant bovine respiratory syncytial virus with deletions of the g or sh genes: g and f proteins bind heparin. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) encodes three transmembrane envelope glycoproteins, namely the small hydrophobic (sh) protein, the attachment glycoprotein (g) and the fusion glycoprotein (f). the brsv reverse genetics system has been used to generate viable recombinant brsv lacking either the g gene or the sh gene or both genes. the deletion mutants were fully competent for multicycle growth in cell culture, proving that, of the brsv glycoprotein genes, the sh and g genes are non-essen ... | 2001 | 11172105 |
| the economic burden of respiratory syncytial virus-associated bronchiolitis hospitalizations. | 2001 | 11177073 | |
| cost estimates of prophylaxis. | 2001 | 11177100 | |
| an update on respiratory syncytial virus antiviral agents. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the most common cause of lower respiratory tract disease in infants and young children, is a ubiquitous respiratory pathogen, infecting or reinfecting much of the population every year and causing severe, sometimes fatal disease in high-risk populations of infants and adults, particularly in developing countries. spurred by the medical and economic burdens of rsv disease and enticed by the economic potential of therapeutic drugs, particularly in the absence to ... | 2001 | 11178342 |
| induction and regulation of nitric oxide synthase in airway epithelial cells by respiratory syncytial virus. | in this study, we evaluated the effects of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection on nitric oxide (no) production in human airway epithelial cells. in addition, we evaluated whether t-helper type 1 (th1)- and th2-type cytokines modulate the release of no in response to rsv infection. to do this, we infected monolayers of a549 cells with rsv and determined nitrite levels in the supernatant fluids. we also measured nitrite levels in human small-airway epithelial cells (saec) in primary cultur ... | 2001 | 11179135 |
| hla-restricted cd8+ cytotoxic t lymphocyte, interferon-gamma, and interleukin-4 responses to respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants and children. | cd8+ cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) activity, interferon (ifn)-gamma, and interleukin (il)-4 production were evaluated in a blinded manner among respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected newborns and their mothers for 3 epidemic seasons. most mothers (80%) exhibited rsv-specific cd8+ ctl activity. twenty (80%) of the 26 infants exhibited significant rsv-specific ctl activity during or after their first rsv season. ctl frequency increased with rsv infection rate, reaching 75% by the end of the thi ... | 2001 | 11181144 |
| synagis revisited. | 2001 | 11182803 | |
| who shall not receive palivizumab? | 2000 | 11183179 | |
| palivizumab (synagis): counting "costs" and values. | 2000 | 11185071 | |
| [symptomatic helium treatment of upper and lower airway obstruction]. | since 1934 several clinical trials have been performed to investigate the effect of helium in the symptomatic treatment of upper and lower airway obstructions, especially in children. controlled studies have only been produced during the last decade. heliox, a mixture of helium and oxygen, has a significantly lower density than n2/o2-mixtures. this produces better flow and hence a decrease in respiratory work, improvement of distal gas exchange and theoretically less tendency to air-trapping and ... | 2000 | 11188052 |
| seasonal increase in rsv as influenza activity remains at low levels. | 2000 | 11191031 | |
| qs-21 synergizes with recombinant interleukin-12 to create a potent adjuvant formulation for the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus. | in the murine model of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, recombinant interleukin-12 (ril-12) was previously demonstrated to be most effective as an adjuvant for fusion (f) protein-based vaccines after adsorption to alum adjuvant. alum, however, is a potent inducer of polarized t-cell responses and the type 2 phenotype. in addition, studies in human cancer patients demonstrated that ril-12 was toxic when administered systemically at high doses. because of these issues, we investigated ... | 2000 | 11192297 |
| use of montelukast in the treatment of early childhood wheezing from clinical experience with three cases. | leukotrienes were found to be raised in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. montelukast is a cysteinyl leukotrienes antagonist. we report our experience with the use of montelukast in three young children from 5-months to 20-months old. the first case was a 5-month-old boy with previous good health. he had prolonged respiratory distress secondary to adenovirus type 3 infection. the second case was a 20-month-old boy with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. he had respiratory syncytial virus and a ... | 2000 | 11192552 |
| staphylococcal surface display and its applications. | novel surface proteins can be introduced onto the bacterial cell surface by recombinant means. here, we describe the development of such display systems for two food-grade bacteria, staphylococcus carnosus and staphylococcus xylosus, and present how such engineered bacteria can be used in different applications. a study will be described in which such staphylococci were employed as vaccine delivery vehicles to elicit protective antibody responses to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). the use of ... | 2000 | 11200538 |
| [epidemiology of viral nosocomial infections in pediatrics]. | nosocomial viral infections account for at least 5% of the total of ni and reach 23% in pediatric wards. the nosocomial infection (ni) incidence rate varies from 0.59 to 0.72 per 100 patients in pediatric wards. many viruses have been associated with ni in pediatric wards. rotavirus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are the most frequent. other viruses frequently identified are: calicivirus, adenovirus, astrovirus, influenza et para-influenza, rhinovirus and coronavirus. asymptomatic infecti ... | 2000 | 11204919 |
| il-13-induced airway hyperreactivity during respiratory syncytial virus infection is stat6 dependent. | airway damage and hyperreactivity induced during respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection can have a prolonged effect in infants and young children. these infections can alter the long-term function of the lung and may lead to severe asthma-like responses. in these studies, the role of il-13 in inducing and maintaining a prolonged airway hyperreactivity response was examined using a mouse model of primary rsv infection. using this model, there was evidence of significant airway epithelial cel ... | 2001 | 11207314 |
| prophylaxis in rsv infection (palivizumab)--is it worthwhile? | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a recognised cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children. it causes severe respiratory disease in preterm infants with or without chronic lung disease. this study, conducted at waterford regional hospital, evaluates the incidence of rsv infection in hospitalised children, its seasonal variation, and effectiveness of its prevention. thirty eight percent of admitted children with bronchiolitis were rsv positive in the year 1999 nove ... | 2000 | 11209917 |
| synthesis and characterization of respiratory syncytial virus protein g related peptides containing two disulphide bridges. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of bronchiolitis and viral pneumoniae in infants and young children. approximately 100,000 children are hospitalized in the usa each year as a result of rsv infections. during the research and development of subunit human rsv vaccines, we have produced numerous synthetic peptides and recombinant proteins containing the four cysteines of the highly conserved central region of the g attachment protein. for several of these disulphide br ... | 2000 | 11214240 |
| [comparison of community-acquired pneumonia in relation to influenza a and rs virus infections]. | we experienced 142 cases with community-acquired pneumonia between april 1998 and march 2000. by measuring the titers of respiratory viruses for these cases, we were able to identify acute phase infections of influenza a virus in 10 cases and rs virus in 6 cases and determined that there was an increase in community-acquired pneumonia during both winter seasons. thereafter we compared the clinical features of community-acquired pneumonia with regard to these two types of virus infection by divid ... | 2001 | 11218385 |
| medical consumption and socioeconomic effects of infection with respiratory syncytial virus in the netherlands. | to calculate both medical consumption and socioeconomic effects related to hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in the netherlands. | 2001 | 11224834 |
| differing manifestations of respiratory syncytial virus-associated severe lower respiratory tract infections in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected and uninfected children. | background: respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes increased morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised children. the outcome of rsv-associated lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) in hiv-infected children, is less well described. methods: children from a prospective study evaluating the etiology of | 2001 | 11224836 |
| monophosphoryl lipid a adjuvant reverses a principal histologic parameter of formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus vaccine-induced disease. | the mechanisms by which administration of a formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus vaccine resulted in enhanced disease among children after they later became naturally infected with the virus remains largely undefined. after immunization and live virus challenge, the cotton rat demonstrated the histopathologic marker of the enhanced disease, polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration of lung alveolar spaces. we now report that immunization with formalin-inactivated vaccine formulated wi ... | 2001 | 11228376 |
| relation of two different subtypes of croup before age three to wheezing, atopy, and pulmonary function during childhood: a prospective study. | some retrospective evidence suggests that children with a history of croup may be at increased risk of subsequently developing asthma, atopy, and diminished pulmonary function. the objective of this study was to determine the long-term outcome of croup (as diagnosed by a physician) in early life. | 2001 | 11230591 |
| variable immune-driven natural selection in the attachment (g) glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | a maximum-likelihood analysis of selection pressures acting on the attachment (g) glycoprotein gene of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) from humans (hrsv) and bovines (brsv) is presented. six positively selected sites were identified in both group a and group b of hrsv, although only one site was common between them, while no positively selected sites were detected in brsv. all positively selected sites were located within the ectodomain of the g protein and showed some association with positio ... | 2001 | 11231898 |
| [bronchiolitis in infants. are there severity criteria for hospitalization?]. | 2001 | 11232425 | |
| [role of respiratory therapy in the treatment acute bronchiolitis in infants]. | 2001 | 11232431 | |
| [therapeutic aspects of infant bronchiolitis, other than corticotherapy and bronchodilators]. | 2001 | 11232437 | |
| [bronchiolitis in infants. natural history of the disease]. | 2001 | 11232438 | |
| [bronchiolitis in infants. virology]. | 2001 | 11232447 | |
| [epidemiology of infant bronchiolitis in france]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis has become a major public health concern in france during the last decade. this winter epidemic mobilizes each year considerable means through the private ambulatory and public hospital nets. the epidemiology of rsv bronchiolitis remains difficult to characterize because of the lack of consensus for its definition. several french studies are described here which suggest an increase in severity of the epidemics since 10 years in france. peaks are mo ... | 2001 | 11232449 |
| from the centers for disease control and prevention. respiratory syncytial virus activity--united states, 1999-2000 season. | 2001 | 11236755 | |
| detection of iga and igg but not ige antibody to respiratory syncytial virus in nasal washes and sera from infants with wheezing. | the capacity of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) to stimulate an ige antibody response and enhance the development of atopy and asthma remains controversial. nasal washes and sera from 40 infants (20 with wheezing, 9 with rhinitis, and 11 without respiratory tract symptoms) were obtained to measure ige, iga, and igg antibody to the immunodominant, f and g, virion proteins from rsv. | 2001 | 11241035 |
| respiratory syncytial virus prevention: past and present strategies. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of respiratory illness in young children, almost all will have been infected by the age of two years old. very young infants, and those with underlying disease, are at risk of severe rsv disease, but even those who were previously healthy can suffer recurrent respiratory symptoms 9 to 10 years after their initial infection. the management of rsv infection is essentially supportive, thus prophylaxis offers the best hope of reducing the morbidity ... | 2000 | 11249487 |
| vp-14637 viropharma. | vp-14637 is the lead compound in a series of low molecular weight viral replication inhibitors which are under preclinical investigation by viropharma for the potential treatment of rsv infection [322651]. phase i trials designed to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetic prpfile of vr-14637 in healthy human volunteers have begun [385870]. vp-14637 is most active against pneumoviruses and the available data suggest that it is an inhibitor of rsv viral fusion activity [363716], [361097]. | 2000 | 11249694 |
| pulmonary collectins and innate host defense of the lung. | surfactant proteins a and d (sp-a and sp-d) are members of the collectin family of polypeptides expressed in the respiratory tract that bind bacterial, fungal and viral pathogens, enhancing their opsonization and killing by phagocytic cells. clearance of bacterial pathogens including group b streptococci, haemophilus influenza, pseudomonas aeruginosa and viral pathogens, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus and influenza a virus, was deficient in sp-a(-/-) mice. sp-a deficiency was associated ... | 2001 | 11251302 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and reactive airway disease. new developments prompt a new review. | 2001 | 11254542 | |
| epidemiologic and clinical evidence of a respiratory syncytial virus-reactive airway disease link. | 2001 | 11254543 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus and asthma. the role of monocytes. | 2001 | 11254544 | |
| potential mechanisms causing delayed effects of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 2001 | 11254545 | |
| treatment and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection. long-term effects on respiratory outcomes. | 2001 | 11254546 | |
| neural mechanisms of respiratory syncytial virus-induced inflammation and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus sequelae. | 2001 | 11254547 | |
| antiviral amentoflavone from selaginella sinensis. | amentoflavone and three other flavonoids were isolated from the ethanol extract of selaginella sinensis. amentoflavone showed potent antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), with an ic50 of 5.5 microg/ml. the contents of amentoflavone in nine species of selaginella were determined by reversed-phase hplc. s. sinensis showed a higher content of 1.13%. | 2001 | 11256492 |
| antiviral activity of lovastatin against respiratory syncytial virus in vivo and in vitro. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important human pathogen that can cause severe and life-threatening respiratory infections in infants and immunocompromised adults. we have recently shown that the rsv f glycoprotein, which mediates viral fusion, binds to rhoa. one of the steps in rhoa activation involves isoprenylation at the carboxy terminus of the protein by geranylgeranyltransferase. this modification allows rhoa to be attached to phosphatidyl serine on the inner leaflet of the plasma ... | 2001 | 11257039 |
| mapping the domains on the phosphoprotein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus required for n-p and p-l interactions using a minigenome system. | the interaction of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) phosphoprotein (p) with nucleocapsid (n) and large polymerase (l) proteins was investigated using an intracellular brsv-cat minigenome replication system. coimmunoprecipitation assays using p-specific antiserum revealed that the p protein can form complexes with n and l proteins. deletion mutant analysis of the p protein was performed to identify the regions of p protein that interact with n and l proteins. the results indicate that tw ... | 2001 | 11257181 |
| identification and characterisation of multiple linear b cell protectopes in the respiratory syncytial virus g protein. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important respiratory pathogen in man, against which no vaccine is available. however, recent evidence suggests that antibodies to the rsv f and g proteins may play an important role in disease prevention. we previously demonstrated that bbg2na, a subunit vaccine candidate including residues 130-230 of the long strain g protein, protects rodents against rsv challenge. using a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mab) and synthetic peptides, five linear b cell e ... | 2001 | 11257359 |
| oxidant tone regulates rantes gene expression in airway epithelial cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus. role in viral-induced interferon regulatory factor activation. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) produces intense pulmonary inflammation, in part, through its ability to induce chemokine synthesis in infected airway epithelial cells. rantes (regulated upon activation, normal t-cells expressed and secreted) is a cc chemokine which recruits and activates monocytes, lymphocytes, and eosinophils, all cell types present in the lung inflammatory infiltrate induced by rsv infection. in this study we investigated the role of reactive oxygen species in the induction ... | 2001 | 11259439 |
| 2001 aspet otto krayer award lecture. molecular targets for antiviral agents. | there are a number of virus-specific processes within the virus replicative cycle or virus-infected cell that have proven to be attractive targets for chemotherapeutic intervention, i.e., virus adsorption and entry into the cells, reverse (rna --> dna) transcription, viral dna polymerization, and cellular enzymatic reactions that are associated with viral dna and rna synthesis and viral mrna maturation (i.e., methylation). a variety of chemotherapeutic agents, both nucleoside (and nucleotide) an ... | 2001 | 11259521 |
| molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of lower respiratory tract disease in infants. it is unusual in that it causes repeated infections throughout life. despite considerable efforts there is as yet no satisfactory vaccine available. this paper reviews the molecular epidemiology of the rsv and describes the complex genotypic structure of rsv epidemics. the evolution of the virus is discussed, with particular reference to the antigenic and genetic variability of the attachmen ... | 2001 | 11262529 |
| weaning to extubation directly from high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in an infant with cystic lung disease and persistent air leak: a strategy for lung protection. | we report the successful weaning and extubation of an infant from a sensormedics 3100a high-frequency oscillator without returning to conventional ventilation. a 7-week-old term infant with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis complicated by cystic pulmonary lesions repeatedly failed attempts to return to conventional ventilation from high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (hfov) for weaning, because of recurrent pneumothoraces. a computed tomography of the chest revealed multiple well defi ... | 2001 | 11262553 |
| rsv disease--is there a role for prevention? | 2001 | 11266232 | |
| [identification of respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus in children with chronic serous otitis]. | to study the presence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and adenovirus in the effusions of the middle ear and adenoid tissue from patients with chronic otitis media with effusion by use of the polymerase chain reaction. | 2000 | 11270102 |
| persistence of respiratory syncytial virus in macrophages alters phagocytosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. | functions of macrophage are known to be altered by acute infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). however, it is unknown whether the persistent presence and expression of the rsv genome have any effect on the functions of these cells. we used a murine macrophage-like cell line (p388d1) persistently infected with rsv to determine: (i) phagocytic activity mediated by fcgamma receptors, (ii) expression of fcgamma receptors, and (iii) production of il-1beta, il-6 and tnf-alpha. viral persis ... | 2001 | 11270594 |
| a comparison of cytokine responses in respiratory syncytial virus and influenza a infections in infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a major cause of bronchiolitis in infants while influenza a infection usually manifests as upper respiratory tract infection. we hypothesised that the immunological responses of infants to rsv infection and influenza a infection are different. this prospective study was undertaken to compare the cytokine responses during rsv and influenza a infection. sera and nasopharyngeal aspirates (npa) were collected from infants with a coryzal illness with or ... | 2001 | 11271383 |
| costs and respiratory syncytial virus. | 2001 | 11277109 | |
| membrane-associated respiratory syncytial virus f protein expressed from a human rhinovirus type 14 vector is immunogenic. | human rhinovirus (hrv) replicons have the potential to serve as respiratory vaccine vectors for mucosal immunization in humans. however, since many vaccine immunogens of interest are glycosylated, an important concern is whether hrv replicons are capable of expressing glycosylated proteins. the human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion (f) protein was chosen as a model glycoprotein and the hrv replicon deltap1fvp3 was generated by inserting the f protein-coding sequence in frame and in lieu ... | 2001 | 11277694 |
| influenza surveillance in england and wales: october 1999 to may 2000. | the period of increased influenza activity in england and wales in the winter of 1999/2000 was associated with considerable morbidity and mortality and well-publicized pressure on hospital services. the influenza activity coincided with the regular annual increase in respiratory syncytial virus infections and the christmas and new year holiday period. consultation rates with general practitioners for influenza-like illness did not reach 'epidemic' levels but were higher than seen in many winters ... | 2000 | 11280255 |
| prophylaxis for respiratory syncytial virus infection: missing the target. | 2001 | 11280353 | |
| pathogenesis of rsv lower respiratory tract infection: implications for vaccine development. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is the most prevalent cause of severe respiratory disease in infants. it also causes considerable morbidity in older children and adults with underlying risk factors. rsv vaccine development has been complicated by the need to administer the vaccine at a very young age and by enhanced disease observed after vaccination with formalin inactivated rsv. for infants live attenuated vaccines, which may not be expected to predispose for vaccine induced enhanc ... | 2001 | 11282187 |
| inhibition of t1/st2 during respiratory syncytial virus infection prevents t helper cell type 2 (th2)- but not th1-driven immunopathology. | t cells secreting interleukin (il)-4 and il-5 (t helper cell type 2 [th2] cells) play a detrimental role in a variety of diseases, but specific methods of regulating their activity remain elusive. t1/st2 is a surface ligand of the il-1 receptor family, expressed on th2- but not on interferon (ifn)-gamma-producing th1 cells. prior exposure of balb/c mice to the attachment (g) or fusion (f) protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) increases illness severity during intranasal rsv challenge, due ... | 2001 | 11283151 |
| respiratory syncytial virus groups a and b in porto alegre, brazil, from 1990 to 1995 and 1998. | we analyzed the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) groups and their epidemiological pattern that were detected over the course of seven years in southern brazil. the two rsv groups co-circulated each year, but frequencies of groups a and b varied both between and within yearly outbreaks. in 1991, group a predominated over group b (p=0.0016). rsv outbreaks analyzed showed a temperature-dependent pattern and no association with rainfall, similarly to other countries from southern south america. kno ... | 2001 | 11285489 |
| predictors of a normal chest x-ray in respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) accounts for the majority of lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) in infants and young children. a chest x-ray is frequently performed in infants with lrti caused by rsv. the aim of this study was to develop and validate a prediction model to estimate the probability for a normal chest x-ray in children with rsv infection. for this purpose, easy obtainable diagnostic parameters were used. this prediction model may be applied to decide which patients do not ... | 2001 | 11288209 |
| benefits of thickened feeds in previously healthy infants with respiratory syncytial viral bronchiolitis. | infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis have an increased risk of aspiration. the optimal feeding strategy for these patients has not been described. fifteen previously healthy and clinically stable infants with rsv bronchiolitis underwent video-fluoroscopy studies to assess swallowing using thin barium. those with abnormal studies underwent a repeat study, using barium that was thickened with rice cereal. nine of 15 infants had abnormal studies with thin barium. laryngeal o ... | 2001 | 11288213 |
| validation of synthetic peptide enzyme immunoassays in differentiating two subgroups of ruminant respiratory syncytial virus. | subgroup-specific peptide-based enzyme immunoassays from each respective g-glycoprotein of the ovine and the bovine respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were developed to detect rsv-specific igg responses in cattle. antigenic peptides from the respective g-glycoprotein were identified from the extracellular central hydrophobic region (amino acids 158-189) located between 2 mucin-rich regions. these antigenic peptides identified by epitope mapping from each g-glycoprotein were synthesized and used t ... | 2001 | 11289207 |
| prevalence of ovine and bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections in cattle determined with a synthetic peptide-based immunoassay. | subgroup-specific peptide-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays from the g-protein of the ovine and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), respectively, were used to determine the prevalence of the ovine and bovine subgroup strains of rsv infections in cattle. a total of 1,102 bovine serum samples were obtained from 6 diagnostic laboratories located in the northwestern and the southeastern usa and were tested for antibody to either the bovine or ovine subgroups of rsv. antibody to viruses ... | 2001 | 11289208 |
| encephalopathy associated with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus is an extremely common cause of childhood respiratory infections resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. although apnea is a well-known complication in young infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis, the encephalopathy associated with this infection is not well recognized. our study reveals an incidence of encephalopathy of 1.8% in a total of 487 patients with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis studied over a period of almost 4 years. se ... | 2001 | 11292214 |
| development of a quantitative assay for residual host cell proteins in a recombinant subunit vaccine against human respiratory syncytial virus. | we have developed and validated a process-specific immunoligand assay based on the threshold system for the quantification of residual host cell proteins (hcps) in a recombinant subunit vaccine candidate against the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv). the industrial process of this vaccine produced in escherichia coli, involved five chromatography steps for the production of clinical-grade batches. the clearance of non-product-related protein throughout the purification process was documen ... | 2001 | 11292490 |
| self-replicative rna vaccines elicit protection against influenza a virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and a tickborne encephalitis virus. | in genetic vaccination, recipients are immunized with antigen-encoding nucleic acid, usually dna. this study addressed the possibility of using the recombinant alpha virus rna molecule, which replicates in the cytoplasm of transfected cells, as a novel approach for genetic vaccination. mice were immunized with recombinant semliki forest virus rna-encoding envelope proteins from one of 3 viruses: influenza a virus, a tickborne flavivirus (louping ill virus), or respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). ... | 2001 | 11294672 |
| epidemiology and prevention of pediatric viral respiratory infections in health-care institutions. | nosocomial viral respiratory infections cause considerable illness and death on pediatric wards. common causes of these infections include respiratory syncytial virus and influenza. although primarily a community pathogen, rhinovirus also occasionally results in hospitalization and serious sequelae. this article reviews effective infection control interventions for these three pathogens, as well as ongoing controversies. | 2001 | 11294717 |
| neonatal syncytial giant cell hepatitis with paramyxoviral-like inclusions. | syncytial giant cell hepatitis in the neonatal period has been associated with many different etiologic agents and may present initially as cholestasis. infectious causes are most common and include: (1 ) generalized bacterial sepsis, (2) viral agents, (3) toxoplasmosis, (4) syphilis, (5) listeriosis, and (6) tuberculosis. viral hepatitis may be due to cytomegalovirus, rubella virus, herpes simplex, hhv-6, varicella, coxsackievirus, echovirus, reovirus 3, parvovirus b19, hiv, enteroviruses, para ... | 2001 | 11297322 |
| airflow limitation during respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection predicts recurrent wheezing. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) is frequently followed by recurrent wheezing. thus far no clinical risk factors have been identified to predict which infants will have wheezing episodes subsequent to rsv lrti. | 2001 | 11303830 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus infection in high-risk infants]. | the authors describes the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in high risk infants in ten hospitals, between 01.02.1999.-15.03.1999. rsv antigen test were performed from the nasopharyngeal or throat swabs of 58 infants with respiratory tract infections. thirteen patients were positive. among them 11 were prematures. six infants were still receiving treatment in neonatal intensive care unit, while seven infants were readmitted to a pediatric intensive care unit. distribution ... | 2001 | 11305233 |
| antibody treatment of lower respiratory tract infections. | antibody treatment of lower respiratory infection has a long history of success and is receiving renewed interest. a variety of polyclonal and monoclonal preparations are clinically available. although used primarily for infection prophylaxis, these agents have limited applications in the treatment of established infections. immune serum was the first effective treatment for pneumococcal pneumonia. although long-supplanted by the advent of antibiotics, passive immunotherapy for pneumococcal and ... | 2001 | 11309714 |
| identification of cd4+ t cell epitopes on the fusion (f) and attachment (g) proteins of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv). | to gain insight into the antigenic structure of the f and g proteins of brsv, we have mapped cd4+ t cell epitopes on these proteins using synthetic peptides and lymphocytes from vaccinated, naturally infected or experimentally infected calves, in proliferation assays. bovine cd4+ t cells recognised epitopes that were distributed predominantly within the f1 subunit of the f protein, some of which were adjacent to previously identified b cell epitopes. bovine cd4+ t cell epitopes within the g prot ... | 2001 | 11312019 |
| recombinant bovine/human parainfluenza virus type 3 (b/hpiv3) expressing the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) g and f proteins can be used to achieve simultaneous mucosal immunization against rsv and hpiv3. | recombinant bovine/human parainfluenza virus type 3 (rb/hpiv3), a recombinant bovine piv3 (rbpiv3) in which the f and hn genes were replaced with their hpiv3 counterparts, was used to express the major protective antigens of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in order to create a bivalent mucosal vaccine against rsv and hpiv3. the attenuation of rb/hpiv3 is provided by the host range restriction of the bpiv3 backbone in primates. rsv g and f open reading frames (orfs) were placed under the contro ... | 2001 | 11312329 |
| n-glycans of f protein differentially affect fusion activity of human respiratory syncytial virus. | the human respiratory syncytial virus (long strain) fusion protein contains six potential n-glycosylation sites: n27, n70, n116, n120, n126, and n500. site-directed mutagenesis of these positions revealed that the mature fusion protein contains three n-linked oligosaccharides, attached to n27, n70, and n500. by introducing these mutations into the f gene in different combinations, four more mutants were generated. all mutants, including a triple mutant devoid of any n-linked oligosaccharide, wer ... | 2001 | 11312346 |
| chimeric subgroup a respiratory syncytial virus with the glycoproteins substituted by those of subgroup b and rsv without the m2-2 gene are attenuated in african green monkeys. | using the existing reverse genetics system developed for the subgroup a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a chimeric virus (designated ra-g(b)f(b)) that expresses subgroup b-specific antigens was constructed by replacing the g and f genes of the a2 strain with those of the 9320 strain of subgroup b rsv. ra-g(b)f(b) grew well in tissue culture, but it was attenuated in the respiratory tracts of cotton rats and african green monkeys. to further attenuate this chimeric rsv, the m2-2 open reading f ... | 2001 | 11312662 |
| immunoregulatory role of secreted glycoprotein g from respiratory syncytial virus. | the secretory glycoprotein (gs) of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was enriched and investigated for its effects on t cells specific for rsv and unrelated antigens. gs exhibited a dose dependent suppression of lymphoproliferative responses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs), specific for mycobacterial lysates or tetanus toxoid. however, gs did not inhibit live rsv specific t cell responses. these results suggest that gs may suppress immune response to unrelated antigens, but should ... | 2001 | 11325469 |
| evaluation of the hexaplex assay for detection of respiratory viruses in children. | the hexaplex assay (prodesse, inc., milwaukee, wis.) is a multiplex reverse transcriptase (rt)-pcr assay for the detection of parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, and 3, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) types a and b, and influenza virus types a and b. we evaluated the hexaplex assay in comparison with conventional viral cell cultures and rapid enzyme immunoassays (eias) for rsv (directigen; becton dickinson inc., cockeysville, md.) and influenza a virus (abbott test pack; abbott laboratories, abbot ... | 2001 | 11325976 |
| the discovery of rfi-641 as a potent and selective inhibitor of the respiratory syncytial virus. | the design and synthesis of a new potent and selective inhibitor of the respiratory syncytial virus are described. this compound, rfi-641, emerged from analysis of the structure-activity relationship in a series of biphenyl triazine anionic compounds possessing specific anti-rsv activity. the key synthetic step involves coupling of diaminobiphenyl 11 with two equivalents of chlorotriazine 10 under microwave conditions. rfi-641 inhibited rsv in vitro and in vivo models. | 2001 | 11327584 |
| leucocyte populations in respiratory syncytial virus-induced bronchiolitis. | to enumerate the cellular composition of the airways in infants with acute bronchiolitis. | 2001 | 11328469 |
| inhalation of corticosteroids after hospital care for respiratory syncytial virus infection diminishes development of asthma in infants. | the aim of the study was to assess the effect of inhaled corticosteroids on subsequent respiratory symptoms and asthma in infants hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus infection (rsv). the study included 188 children below 12 mo of age, hospitalized because of rsv infection. during the winter of 1994/95 only selected children (13%) were given inhaled corticosteroids following discharge from the hospital. the following winter (1995/96), almost all children (86%) were given this treatment f ... | 2001 | 11332164 |
| recent advances in the management and prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is an important cause of morbidity, particularly in prematurely born infants who have had chronic lung disease. current therapy is essentially supportive. overall, the results of randomized trials do not support the use of bronchodilators, corticosteroids or ribavirin. nitric oxide and exogenous surfactant may improve the respiratory status of those infants who require ventilatory support. nosocomial infection can be reduced by appropriate handwashing. ... | 2001 | 11332948 |
| ifn-gamma response and il-8 plasma levels in neonates with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | 2001 | 11334138 | |
| rhoa is activated during respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important human pathogen that can cause severe and life-threatening respiratory infections in infants and immunocompromised adults. we have recently shown the rsv f glycoprotein, which mediates viral fusion and entry, interacts with the cellular protein rhoa in two-hybrid and in vitro binding assays. whether this interaction occurs in living cells remains an open question. however, because rhoa signaling is associated with many cellular functions relevant ... | 2001 | 11336544 |
| genetic variability of respiratory syncytial virus subgroup b strain isolated during the last 20 years from the same region in japan: existence of time-dependent linear genetic drifts. | the genetic variability of 32 respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) sub-group b isolates from a single community in japan during the 20 years from 1980 to 1999 was determined. two variable regions of the attachment (g) protein gene were amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction amplification and their products were sequenced directly. phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequences revealed seven distinct branches in which strains isolated during seasons of close proximity were loca ... | 2001 | 11338383 |
| [epidemiology of respiratory virus infections]. | respiratory viral infections are very common in young children. they sometimes occur as primary infections (and sometimes re-infections) by influenza and parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (vrs), adenovirus, rhinovirus and coronavirus. the clinical pictures are very varied and without strict clinico-virological correlation. in adults the role of the site (frail lung, aged persons) and the type of virus play an important part. many viral infections develop in an epidemiological way ... | 2001 | 11339056 |