Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| purification and composition of colonic epithelial mucin. | colonic mucin was purified from homogenized scrapings of rat colonic epithelial cells using gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. high molecular weight water-soluble mucin was separated from low molecular weight proteins by gel exclusion chromatography on sepharose 4b, and was further separated into two major mucin fractions and several non-mucin fractions on deae-cellulose. fraction iv, the major mucin, was a sulphated glycoprotein with 62% carbohydrate by weight, and high concentrati ... | 1980 | 7459381 |
| preliminary study on fermentative sub-grouping of enterotoxigenic strain of clostridium perfringens type a in relation to pre-heating temperature. | 1980 | 7461788 | |
| enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens as a cause of sporadic cases of diarrhoea. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of cases of sporadic diarrhoea associated with enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens. cases were identified by detection of c. perfringens enterotoxin with the oxoid rpla kit, with confirmation by elisa, in faecal specimens from isolated incidents of diarrhoea and from which no other enteropathogen had been isolated. in a 2-month study, 65 (18%) of 370 specimens were enterotoxin positive. there was no predominant age group or sex in th ... | 1995 | 7473678 |
| [regulation of the toxin production in clostridium perfringens]. | 1995 | 7474345 | |
| diagnosis of clostridium perfringens type c enteritis in pigs using a dna amplification technique (pcr). | clostridium perfringens type c, which produces alpha- and beta-toxin, causes severe haemorrhagic and necrotic enteritis in animals and humans. a polymerase-chain-reaction (pcr) assay was developed for the specific detection of the genes encoding alpha-, beta-, epsilon- and entertoxin of c. perfringens for rapid typing of c. perfringens strains, and especially for the identification of type c strains. both the alpha- and beta-toxin genes were detected directly in porcine c. perfringens type c cul ... | 1995 | 7483901 |
| the closely related ermb-ermam genes from clostridium perfringens, enterococcus faecalis (pam beta 1), and streptococcus agalactiae (pip501) are flanked by variants of a directly repeated sequence. | the clostridium perfringens macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin b resistance gene, ermbp, was sequenced and shown to be identical to the ermb-ermam gene from the promiscuous enterococcus faecalis plasmid pam beta 1 and to have at least 98% nucleotide sequence identity to other ermb-ermam genes. flanking the ermbp structural gene were almost identical directly repeated 1,341-bp sequences (dr1 and dr2). these repeats potentially encoded a 298 (or 284)-amino-acid protein that had sequence similarit ... | 1995 | 7486927 |
| identification of the gene encoding a mechanosensitive channel mscl homologue in clostridium perfringens. | the mscl gene, which encodes the protein forming a large-conductance mechanosensitive channel (mscl) in escherichia coli, has previously been cloned and sequenced by sukharev et al. [nature 368 (1994) 265-268]. we found a gene homologous to mscl in clostridium perfringens which is located just downstream from the collagenase-encoding gene in the opposite direction. | 1995 | 7489908 |
| isolation of a sialic acid-specific surface haemagglutinin of helicobacter pylori strain nctc 11637. | a deionized water extract of helicobacter pylori nctc 11637 contained haemagglutinin activity that was (i) soluble (i.e., not associated with particulate material sedimented by centrifugation at 100,000 x g for 1 h), (ii) stable to lyophilization, (iii) heat-labile, (iv) chymotrypsin-sensitive, (v) inhibited by fetuin, orosomucoid, and nanlac, but not by asialofetuin and (vi) inactive against guinea pig erythrocytes incubated with clostridium perfringens neuraminidase, but active against untreat ... | 1993 | 7506596 |
| evaluation of a new cytotoxicity assay for clostridium perfringens type d epsilon toxin. | a new cytotoxicity assay for determining the activity of epsilon toxin produced by clostridium perfringens type d has been developed. viability of cultured cells was determined by the ability of only live cells to convert 5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl)-3-(4- sulfophenyl)tetrazolium to the coloured product formazan in the presence of phenazine methosulfate. of the 12 cell lines tested, only the mdck cell line was susceptible to epsilon toxin. specificity was confirmed by the ... | 1994 | 7512061 |
| reducing-end modification of n-linked oligosaccharides with tyrosine. | the n-linked oligosaccharides from bovine fetuin were purified using newly developed preparative purification methodology. n-linked oligosaccharides were released from tryptic glycopeptides utilizing n-glycosidase f on the 5-g scale. selective desialylation with neuraminidase from clostridium perfringens resulted in the formation of a mono-sialyl-oligosaccharide and asialo-oligosaccharides. the reducing ends of the oligosaccharides were converted to the glycosylamine and reacted with the n-hydro ... | 1994 | 7513972 |
| membrane potential of rat adipocytes: effect of phospholipase c, concanavalin a, and adenosine. | the change in transmembrane potential of rat adipocytes was measured using the fluorescent probe 3,3'-diethylthiadicarbocyanine iodide, dis-c2-(5). the method was calibrated by altering the potassium ion concentration while keeping the sum of potassium and sodium ions at a constant concentration of 153 mm (bailey et al: bioelectrochem. bioenergetics 21:333-42, 1989). two insulin-mimetic agents, phospholipase c from clostridium perfringens and concanavalin a, induced a dose dependent hyperpolariz ... | 1994 | 7515607 |
| effect of clostridium perfringens-derived wound healing substance as compared with epidermal growth factor on the growth and morphological transformation of balb/3t3 a31-1-1 cells. | clostridium perfringens-derived wound-healing substance (whs), having growth-stimulating activity, was examined to determine its effect on the growth and morphological transformation of balb/3t3 a31-1-1 cells. whs accelerated the cell growth at the exponential growth phase, shortening the doubling time by 8-18%. the maximum cell density of the treated cultures was slightly higher than that of the control culture, and the cell number decreased in the same way as the control cells did. on the othe ... | 1995 | 7529363 |
| analysis of multiple antigenic determinants of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin as revealed by use of different synthetic peptides. | to identify the antigenic determinants of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cpe), overlapping peptides corresponding to the entire amino acid sequence of cpe were synthesized and their antigenicity and immunogenicity were analyzed. of the 21 synthetic peptides (c-1 to c-21) tested, peptide c-7 (amino acid residues 91-110) showed the highest reactivity with rabbit antibodies against cpe. peptides c-4 (46-65), c-9 (121-140), and c-11 (151-170) were reactive with the antibodies, whereas peptides ... | 1994 | 7535106 |
| antibiotic effects on bacterial viability, toxin production, and host response. | the efficacy of an antibiotic in human or experimental infection is presumed to be proportional to its in vitro antimicrobial activity, yet antibiotics having comparable in vitro activity may have markedly different efficacies in vivo. for example, we have reported that clindamycin is more efficacious than penicillin in experimental gas gangrene caused by clostridium perfringens in animals. to explain these differences, we compared the dynamics of bacterial killing and suppression of toxin synth ... | 1995 | 7548539 |
| clostridial disease of the gut. | clostridia are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in humans and animals. some of the most common clostridial infections are those of the gut. the primary infections in humans are clostridium perfringens food poisoning and clostridium difficile-mediated antibiotic-associated diarrhea and colitis. less common but important infections include non-food poisoning c. perfringens nosocomial diarrhea and c. perfringens type c necrotizing jejunitis (pig-bel). c. perfringens is also the dominan ... | 1995 | 7548565 |
| ribotyping of clostridium perfringens isolates. | 1995 | 7548586 | |
| influence of light on the presence of clostridium perfringens in caves. | 1995 | 7548605 | |
| introduction of recombinant dna into clostridium spp. | 1995 | 7550739 | |
| characterization of superoxide dismutase genes from gram-positive bacteria by polymerase chain reaction using degenerate primers. | an internal fragment representing approximately 85% of sod genes from seven gram-positive bacteria was amplified by using degenerate primers in a polymerase chain reaction assay. the dna sequences of sod polymerase chain reaction products from clostridium perfringens, enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecium, lactococcus lactis, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus agalactiae, streptococcus pneumoniae, and streptococcus pyogenes were determined. comparisons of their deduced amino acid sequenc ... | 1995 | 7557308 |
| the construction of a reporter system and use for the investigation of clostridium perfringens gene expression. | a reporter system was constructed to enable the study of gene expression in clostridium perfingens. the system was based on plasmid shuttle vector pjir410, which contained the c. perfringens erythromycin resistance gene. the vector was modified by the introduction of a dna fragment comprising the open reading frame of the c. perfringens chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene and flanking transcriptional terminators. the presence of a unique restriction site, engineered into the extreme 5' end of ... | 1995 | 7557317 |
| rapid expansion of the physical and genetic map of the chromosome of clostridium perfringens cpn50. | the physical map of the 3.6-megabase chromosome of clostridium perfringens cpn50 was extended by positioning sites for the endonucleases sfii and i-ceui, and in parallel, the gene map was expanded by using a genome scanning strategy. this involved the cloning and sequencing of random chromosomal fragments, identification of the functions of the putative genes by database searches, and then hybridization analysis. the current gene map comprises almost 100 markers, many of which encode housekeepin ... | 1995 | 7559358 |
| in vitro activity of bay y 3118, and nine other antimicrobial agents against anaerobic bacteria. | the antibacterial activity of bay y 3118, a new chlorofluoroquinolone, was determined against 257 strains of anaerobic bacteria and compared with the activities of ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, imipenem, cefoxitin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, metronidazole, and ornidazole. overall, bay y 3118 was the most active agent tested against the bacteroides fragilis group. its activity (mic90, 0.5 mg/l) was 16-fold lower than that of sparfloxacin (mic90, 8 mg/l), and more than 100-fold lower ... | 1995 | 7562012 |
| molecular genetics of the chloramphenicol-resistance transposon tn4451 from clostridium perfringens: the tnpx site-specific recombinase excises a circular transposon molecule. | the chloramphenicol-resistance transposon tn4451 undergoes precise conjugative deletion from its parent plasmid plp401 in clostridium perfringens and precise spontaneous excision from multicopy plasmids in escherichia coli. the complete nucleotide sequence of the 6338 bp transposon was determined and it was found to encode six genes. genetic analysis demonstrated that the largest tn4451-encoded gene, tnpx, was required for the spontaneous excision of the transposon in both e. coli and c. perfrin ... | 1995 | 7565113 |
| [presence of campylobacter spp., clostridium difficile, c. perfringens and salmonellae in litters of puppies and in adult dogs in a shelter]. | in order to ascertain the importance of campylobacter spp., c.difficile, c.perfringens and salmonella as agents of bacterial gastroenteritis in dogs, two groups of animals were studied prospectively. the first group consisted of 77 puppies in 14 litters, with fecal cultures performed weekly for 10 weeks, starting at birth. the second group consisted of a kennel population with every dog cultured at entry, and at two-month intervals thereafter. incidence of campylobacter spp. was 32 and 31 per 10 ... | 1995 | 7569838 |
| the enterotoxin of clostridium perfringens type a binds to the presynaptic nerve endings in neuromuscular junctions of mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm. | the enterotoxin of clostridium perfringens type a, a channel-pore forming protein toxin, inhibited neuromuscular transmission in isolated mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation at low concentrations of calcium. we investigated immunohistochemically the localization of the binding sites of the enterotoxin in the preparation under the conditions in which the enterotoxin reduced maximally the amplitudes of the twitch tension elicited by electrical stimulations to the phrenic nerve. under the con ... | 1995 | 7570635 |
| characterization of a rabbit serum raised against a botulinum toxin type a binding protein from presynaptic plasma membranes from torpedo electric organ. | botulinum neurotoxin type a blocks acetylcholine release from the peripheral nervous system. we have previously described a putative botulinum neurotoxin type a receptor of presynaptic plasma membranes from torpedo. the electric organ of torpedo, which is largely enriched in cholinergic nerve endings, is homologous to the neuromuscular junction, allowing us to isolate large scale of presynaptic components. in order to characterize this protein we have raised a polyclonal antibody (a-p140) agains ... | 1995 | 7570636 |
| clostridial splenic abscess: diagnosis, treatment, and outcome. | 1995 | 7572921 | |
| nonradioactive colony hybridization assay for detection and enumeration of enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens in raw beef. | a dna probe endolabeled with digoxigenin by pcr was developed to detect and enumerate enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens in raw beef. after 2 h of hybridization, membranes were developed by using an anti-digoxigenin-alkaline phosphatase conjugated antibody. the resulting chromogenic reaction allowed us to detect and enumerate < or = 10 cfu of c. perfringens per g. | 1995 | 7574619 |
| [bacterial quality of the water supply in madagascar]. | the results of 14371 drinking water analysis carried out in madagascar between 1986 and 1993 by the water analysis and food microbiology laboratory of the pasteur institute of madagascar are reported. after a history of the water analysis laboratory, methods and frequency of sampling, methods of analysis and standards applied are quoted and documented. results for each province are reported and particularly indicated: the development of water samples and their portability along the years, the re ... | 1994 | 7575043 |
| recovery of heat-injured spores of clostridium perfringens types b, c and d by lysozyme and an initiation protein. | heat-injured spores of several strains of clostridium perfringens types b, c and d could be partially recovered if lysozyme was included in the recovery medium. as little as 25 ng ml-1 was effective. d90 degrees c values of 1.3-2.6 were obtained with an approximate 2-3-fold increase in the presence of 1 /microgram ml-1 of lysozyme. in the absence of lysozyme, prolonged heating of spores resulted in the appearance of satellite colonies surrounding colonies of surviving spores. an initiation prote ... | 1995 | 7576525 |
| sepsis due to clostridium perfringens after second-trimester amniocentesis. | 1995 | 7578749 | |
| a gene (slec) encoding a spore-cortex-lytic enzyme from clostridium perfringens s40 spores; cloning, sequence analysis and molecular characterization. | antiserum was raised against a 31 kda spore-cortex-lytic enzyme, which is released during germination of clostridium perfringens s40 spores. western blotting of dormant spore and vegetative cell fractions separated by sds-page indicated that the 31 kda enzyme is spore-specific and that the enzyme in the dormant spore exists as a 36 kda protein which has no cortex-lytic activity. a gene encoding the 31 kda enzyme, slec, was cloned into escherichia coli using a synthetic oligonucleotide as a hybri ... | 1995 | 7582025 |
| dna-based monitoring of total bacterial community structure in environmental samples. | determining the structure of bacterial communities and their response to stimuli is key to understanding community function and the interactions that occur between micro-organisms and the environment. however, bacterial communities often comprise complex assemblages of large numbers of different bacterial populations. an approach is presented which allows bacterial community structure to be determined by fractionation of the complex mixture of total bacterial community dna using the dna-binding ... | 1995 | 7582170 |
| cloning and sequencing of a 36-kb region of the bacillus subtilis genome between the gnt and iol operons. | within the framework of an international project for the sequencing of the entire bacillus subtilis genome, a 36-kb chromosome segment, which covers the region between the gnt and iol operons, has been cloned and sequenced. this region (36447 bp) contains 33 complete open reading frames (orfs; genes) including the four gnt genes and one partial gene. a homology search for the products of the 33 complete orfs revealed significant homology to known proteins in 16 of them such as tetracycline resis ... | 1995 | 7584049 |
| efficient gene delivery and expression in mammalian cells using dna coupled with perfringolysin o. | current non-viral dna vectors for gene therapy are limited by low cellular transfection efficiencies and low levels of gene expression due to inefficient endosomal dna release. we have used perfringolysin o (pfo), a membrane active bacterial protein, to deliver dna into cells. pfo belongs to the so-called sulphydryl-activated family of membrane active bacterial proteins, which have been used to deliver small molecules and proteins into cells. pfo was incorporated into dna complexes through a bio ... | 1995 | 7584129 |
| the role of cefotaxime in the treatment of surgical infections. | this study examines the role of cefotaxime in the treatment of both gram-negative and gram-positive surgical infections. a dose of 2 g of cefotaxime will sustain peripheral compartment concentrations of 2.6, 3.9, 1.6, and 0.7 micrograms/ml for 6, 8, 10 and 12 h, respectively. therefore, the proportion of pathogens with a minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) below the peripheral compartment cefotaxime concentrations was assessed as a measure of therapeutic potential. it was observed that bacter ... | 1995 | 7587036 |
| characterization of clostridium perfringens iota-toxin genes and expression in escherichia coli. | 1995 | 7591169 | |
| effects of clostridium perfringens recombinant and crude phospholipase c and theta-toxin on rabbit hemodynamic parameters. | clostridium perfringens exotoxins have been implicated as major virulence factors responsible for shock and organ failure in gas gangrene, yet the mechanism(s) by which they mediate cardiovascular dysfunction remain enigmatic. recombinant (r) phospholipase c (plc), r theta-toxin, culture supernatant (crude toxin), or 0.9% nacl was infused intravenously into awake rabbits. cardiac index (ci), mean arterial pressure (map), heart rate (hr), central venous pressure (cvp), arterial blood gases, and h ... | 1995 | 7594670 |
| identification and characterization of a bacteroides gene, csuf, which encodes an outer membrane protein that is essential for growth on chondroitin sulfate. | bacteroides thetaiotaomicron can utilize a variety of polysaccharides, including charged mucopolysaccharides such as chondroitin sulfate (cs) and hyaluronic acid (ha). since the enzymes (chondroitin lyases i and ii) that catalyze the first step in breakdown of cs and ha are located in the periplasm, we had proposed that the first step in utilization of these polysaccharides was binding to one or more outer membrane proteins followed by translocation into the periplasm, but no such outer membrane ... | 1995 | 7601836 |
| synthesis and evaluation of a non-radioactive gene probe for the detection of c.perfringens alpha toxin. | the synthesis and evaluation of a non-radioactive hybridization probe is described, specific detecting the clostridium perfringens alphatoxin gene (plc) by colony blot hybridization assay. a vector free digoxigenin-dutp-labelled probe was generated by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) targeting the cloned plc gene of c.perfringens strain atcc 13124. in a colony blot hybridization assay 296 strains of c.perfringens were tested for plc. none of the strains failed in hybridization. presence of plc wa ... | 1995 | 7603469 |
| binding to dna protects alpha/beta-type, small, acid-soluble spore proteins of bacillus and clostridium species against digestion by their specific protease as well as by other proteases. | binding of alpha/beta-type, small, acid-soluble proteins from bacillus subtilis and clostridium bifermentans to dna protected these proteins against cleavage by their specific protease (gpr) as well as by trypsin and chymotrypsin. these data suggest that alpha/beta-type, small, acid-soluble protein binding to dna (i) may result in a structural change in these proteins, giving a more compact protein structure, and (ii) may be important in slowing the degradation of these proteins by gpr, in parti ... | 1995 | 7608092 |
| [prophylactic immunocorrection with sodium nucleinate]. | 1995 | 7613784 | |
| synthesis and characterization of novel analogs of conjugated bile acids containing reversed amide bonds. | new analogs of amino acid-conjugated bile acids were synthesized in which the amide bond was reversed from its normal configuration. these structural isomers of the beta-alanyl conjugates of cholic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid were synthesized by reaction of succinic anhydride with the 24-nor-23-amine derivatives of cholic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid. the chemical and physical properties of these reverse amide conjugated bile acid analogs were compared with those of the normal glycine and bet ... | 1995 | 7616131 |
| cloning and characterization of a conjugated bile acid hydrolase gene from clostridium perfringens. | the gene encoding a conjugated bile acid hydrolase (cbah) from clostridium perfringens 13 has been cloned and expressed in escherichia coli, and its nucleotide sequence has been determined. nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence analyses indicated that the gene product is related to two previously characterized amidases, a cbah from lactobacillus plantarum (40% identity) and a penicillin v amidase from bacillus sphaericus (34% identity). the product is apparently unrelated to a cbah from c ... | 1995 | 7618863 |
| [blood parameters and enzyme values of healthy and sick racing camels (camelus dromedarius)]. | camel races have a long tradition in arabia. since the oil boom of the 1960s a tremendous revival of the old bedouin tradition of camel racing has occurred in the united arab emirates. these camel races are comparable to horse races in europe and the u.s.a. since 1985 the most valuable racing camels of dubai are routinely tested in the central veterinary research laboratory (cvrl) for their stamina and endurance. blood and serum enzyme values, which have been statistically ascertained through te ... | 1995 | 7624863 |
| regulation of extracellular toxin production in clostridium perfringens. | until recently, little was known about the regulation of toxin production in clostridium perfringens. three regulatory genes that control the production of theta toxin (perfringolysin o) have now been identified. two of these genes make up a two-component sensor-kinase-response-regulator system that also controls the production of other extracellular toxins. | 1995 | 7627457 |
| purification and characterization of an extracellular alpha-amylase from clostridium perfringens type a. | an alpha-amylase (ec 3.2.1.1) secreted by clostridium perfringens nctc 8679 type a was purified to homogeneity and characterized. it was isolated from concentrated cell-free culture medium by ion-exchange and gel permeation chromatography. the enzyme exhibited maximal activity at ph 6.5 and 30 degrees c without the presence of calcium. the pi of the enzyme was 4.75. the estimated molecular weight of the purified enzyme was 76 kda. the purified enzyme was inactivated between 35 and 40 degrees c, ... | 1995 | 7646015 |
| survival of fecal microorganisms in marine and freshwater sediments. | the survival of culturable fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci, and clostridium perfringens spores in freshwater and marine sediments from sites near sewage outfalls was studied. in laboratory studies, the inhibition of protozoan predators with cycloheximide allowed the fecal coliforms to grow in the sediment whereas the presence of predators resulted in a net die-off. c. perfringens spores did not appear either to be affected by predators or to die off throughout the duration of the experiments ... | 1995 | 7646026 |
| the relationship between the presence of helicobacter pylori, clostridium perfringens type a, campylobacter spp, or fungi and fatal abomasal ulcers in unweaned beef calves. | a case-control study involving 30 unweaned beef calves was conducted to determine whether specific species of bacteria or fungi were associated with fatal abomasal ulcer formation. special microbiological and histological techniques were used to detect clostridium perfringens type a, helicobacter pylori, or campylobacter spp. it has been speculated that these bacteria are potential ulcerogenic agents of unweaned beef calves. calves were recruited for the study at necropsy, with those dying of ei ... | 1995 | 7648542 |
| expression and purification of clostridium perfringens beta-toxin glutathione s-transferase fusion protein. | the beta-toxin gene from clostridium perfringens type c was cloned and expressed as a glutathione s-transferase fusion protein in escherichia coli. the dna sequence was determined and compared to the type b sequence. two nucleotide differences were found in the protein coding sequence, resulting in one amino acid difference between the two proteins. the purified beta-toxin fusion protein is not toxic in mice, but rabbit antiserum raised against it neutralises the toxic effect of c. perfringens t ... | 1995 | 7649450 |
| differentiation of clostridium difficile, clostridium bifermentans, clostridium sordellii, and clostridium perfringens from diarrheal stool by api zym and api lra oxidase test. | a simple, rapid and reliable outline for identification of clostridia isolates from human infections was developed. it consists of a combination of api zym and api lra oxidase tests. the enzymatic activities were performed with strains sub-cultured onto carbohydrate-free medium (columbia blood agar). fifty-five strains of clostridium difficile, c. bifermentans, c. sordellii, and c. perfringens from clinical specimens and eight reference standard strains representing different species of the same ... | 1995 | 7651236 |
| lethal and dermonecrotic activities of clostridium perfringens lota toxin: biological activities induced by cooperation of two nonlinked components. | the effect of separate injections of two components of clostridium perfringens iota toxin, designated ia and ib components, on the biological activities of the toxin was investigated. the intravenous injection of one component within 120 min after the injection of the other component killed mice. the activity of iota toxin was abolished by anti-ia or anti-ib antiserum. on the other hand, when ib component was intravenously administered to mice given anti-ia antiserum within 120 min after the int ... | 1995 | 7651239 |
| is cardiorespiratory failure induced by bacterial toxins the cause of sudden infant death syndrome? studies with an animal model (the rabbit). | recent studies have implicated various toxigenic bacteria and their toxins in the aetiology of sudden infant death syndrome (sids). therefore the effect of six bacterial toxins on the cardiorespiratory system of the rabbit was studied as a model for sids. the toxins' effect on the heart rate, arterial blood pressure, and breathing of anaesthetized rabbits was determined and their action compared to that of endotoxin. intravenous injection of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin and alpha-toxin, s ... | 1995 | 7660368 |
| outbreaks of foodborne infectious intestinal disease in england and wales: 1992 and 1993. | we have analysed data from the surveillance scheme of general foodborne outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease in england and wales reported to, or otherwise identified by, the phls communicable disease surveillance centre in 1992 and 1993. data were available about 458 outbreaks, 197 (43%) in commercial catering premises (restaurants, cafés, hotels, public houses, and canteens), 77 (17%) associated with food prepared in private houses, and 58 (13%) in hospitals and residential institutions. ... | 1995 | 7663603 |
| the effects of dietary lactose and rye on cecal colonization of clostridium perfringens in chicks. | five experiments were conducted to determine the effects of dietary lactose and rye on cecal colonization of clostridium perfringens in white leghorn chickens. six days after oral inoculation of the organism, the numbers of c. perfringens organisms in the cecal contents were significantly lower in chickens on 2% and 10% lactose-supplemented feed than in chickens on unsupplemented feed. when c. perfringens was given in drinking water, 10% lactose supplementation was needed to significantly reduce ... | 1995 | 7677661 |
| the different binding modes of hoechst 33258 to dna studied by electric linear dichroism. | the binding mode of the bisbenzimidazole derivative hoechst 33258 to a series of dnas and polynucleotides has been investigated by electric linear dichroism. positive reduced dichroisms were measured for the poly(da-dt).poly(da-dt)- and poly(da).poly(dt)-hoechst complexes in agreement with a deep penetration of the drug into the minor groove. similarly, the drug displays positive reduced dichroism in the presence of the dnas from calf thymus, clostridium perfringens and coliphage t4. conversely, ... | 1993 | 7690125 |
| hyperbaric oxygen in the treatment of gas gangrene and perineal necrotizing fasciitis. a clinical and experimental study. | between 1971 and 1987, 32 patients with clostridial gas gangrene were treated in the department of surgery, university of turku. a presumptive diagnosis of gas gangrene was made on the basis of the clinical appearance of the patient and a predominance of gram positive rods on stain. between 1973 and 1989, 11 patients with perineal necrotizing fasciitis (fournier's gangrene) were treated. the diagnosis was based on fulminating progression of perineal gangrene and on the presence of multiple patho ... | 1993 | 7690268 |
| clostridium perfringens food poisoning. | 1993 | 7693179 | |
| isolation and characterization of two bacteriocins produced by enterococcus faecium strains inhibitory to listeria monocytogenes. | a total of 4000 bacterial strains were isolated from milk, cheese and from different samples taken on the farm (silage, faeces) and screened for their antimicrobial activity against listeria monocytogenes. only eight of the almost 4000 strains exhibited inhibitory activity in the cell-free supernatant fluid. two different enterococcus strains (rzs c5 and rzs c13) were chosen for further study. plasmid profile analysis of both revealed that rzs c5 contained a 4 kb plasmid while rzs c13 contained ... | 1994 | 7703015 |
| membrane permeabilization by listeria monocytogenes phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c is independent of phospholipid hydrolysis and cooperative with listeriolysin o. | we have examined potential cooperative interactions of listeria monocytogenes phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c (pi-plc) and listeriolysin o (llo), a pore-forming hemolysin, in a liposome lysis assay. large unilamellar vesicles, approximately 0.1 micron in diameter, encapsulating the fluorescent probe calcein, were treated with pi-plc or llo at ph 6.0, and each was capable of causing dye release. with phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylinositol/cholesterol liposomes at 0.1 microm lipid, ... | 1995 | 7708759 |
| efficient generation of a reshaped human mab specific for the alpha toxin of clostridium perfringens. | we have used the technique of antibody reshaping to produce a humanized antibody specific for the alpha toxin of clostridium perfringens. the starting antibody was from a mouse hybridoma from which variable (v) region nucleotide sequences were determined. the complementarity-determining regions (cdrs) from these v regions were then inserted into human heavy and light chain v region genes with human constant region gene fragments subsequently added. the insertion of cdrs alone into human framewor ... | 1994 | 7716162 |
| clostridial brain abscesses. | ten patients with clostridial abscesses of the brain are presented. despite the presence of gas within the cerebral hemispheres and clostridium welchii cultured from the pus obtained, the outcome of all patients managed with burrhole aspiration of the abscess was good. there were no deaths and eight of the ten patients had no residual deficit. clostridial infections of the brain, unlike those of the soft tissues of the body, have a good outcome with conservative surgery and appropriate antibioti ... | 1994 | 7718165 |
| a histological study of cutaneous thermal wounds using a clostridium perfringens-derived wound healing substance with wound healing stimulation activity. | we studied the effects of a clostridium perfringens-derived wound-healing substance (whs) on the healing of thermal burn wounds. third-degree burn injuries were inflicted on the back skin of rats. we histologically evaluated the effects of whs ointments and compared them with those of lysozyme chloride ointment. we observed the formation of dermal collagen fibers and the increase of capillaries in the whs ointment treated groups. from the results of hematoxylin and eosin staining and silver stai ... | 1995 | 7722096 |
| bile, bacteria, and gallbladder carcinogenesis. | 1995 | 7723375 | |
| e-4695, a new c-7 azetidinyl fluoronaphthyridine with enhanced activity against gram-positive and anaerobic pathogens. | e-4695, (-)-7-[3-(r)-amino-2-(s)-methyl-1-azetidinyl]-1-cyclopropyl-1,4- dihydro-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid, is a new fluorinated naphthyridine with an azetidine moiety. the mics of e-4695 at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited (mic90s) were 0.06 to 0.5 microgram/ml for gram-positive cocci, including species of the genera staphylococcus, streptococcus, and enterococcus, and the mic90s against gram-negative pathogens such as members of the family enterobacteriaceae (w ... | 1995 | 7726507 |
| development of a detection system for histidine decarboxylating lactic acid bacteria based on dna probes, pcr and activity test. | on the basis of the comparison of the nucleotide sequences of the histidine decarboxylase genes (hdca) of lactobacillus 30a and clostridium perfringens and the amino acid sequences of these histidine decarboxylases and those of lactobacillus buchneri and micrococcus, oligonucleotides unique to the hdca genes were synthesized and used in pcr. all histidine-decarboxylating lactic acid bacteria gave a signal with primer set jv16hc/jv17hc in pcr. in addition to this primer set, cl1/cl2 and cl1/jv17h ... | 1995 | 7730207 |
| [clostridium perfringens septicemia in the absence of predisposing factors]. | 1995 | 7734503 | |
| a hospital outbreak of clostridium perfringens food poisoning--implications for food hygiene review in hospitals. | an outbreak of clostridium perfringens (c. perfringens) food poisoning affected 17 of 44 (38.6%) patients interviewed on two hospital wards. a case-control study showed a statistically significant association between the consumption of roast pork and illness (p < 0.01). c. perfringens type a, untypable serotype, was isolated from samples of pre-cooked vacuum sealed pork supplied by a local meat producer. faults were noted in the food production process at the factory. cuts of meat were too large ... | 1995 | 7738342 |
| virulence studies on chromosomal alpha-toxin and theta-toxin mutants constructed by allelic exchange provide genetic evidence for the essential role of alpha-toxin in clostridium perfringens-mediated gas gangrene. | the pathogenesis of clostridial myonecrosis, or gas gangrene, involves the growth of the anaerobic bacterium clostridium perfringens in the infected tissues and the elaboration of numerous extracellular toxins and enzymes. the precise role of each of these toxins in tissue invasion and necrosis has not been determined. to enable genetic approaches to be used to study c. perfringens pathogenesis we developed an allelic exchange method which involved the transformation of c. perfringens cells with ... | 1995 | 7746141 |
| interaction of theta-toxin (perfringolysin o), a cholesterol-binding cytolysin, with liposomal membranes: change in the aromatic side chains upon binding and insertion. | to understand the mechanism of membrane lysis by theta-toxin (perfringolysin o) from clostridium perfringens, a cholesterol-binding, pore-forming cytolysin, we undertook a spectroscopic analysis of the structural changes that occur during the lytic process using lipid vesicles. in particular, the spectra were compared with those obtained using a modified theta-toxin, mc theta, that binds membrane cholesterol without forming oligomeric pores, thus bypassing the oligomerization step. the interacti ... | 1995 | 7756282 |
| morphological alterations in mdck cells induced by exposure to clostridium perfringens epsilon-toxin. | 1995 | 7758757 | |
| antibiotic-induced diarrhea. | diarrhea is a common complication of antibiotic therapy and can range from mild soiling of a cast to severe and life-threatening pseudomembranous colitis. although clindamycin is the most notorious, almost all antibiotics, particularly penicillins and cephalosporins, may also be responsible (bartlett, 1992; kelly, pothoulakis, & lamont, 1994). because of the frequent use of these antibiotics in orthopaedic patients, antibiotic-associated enteric disease is a common problem in this population. ab ... | 1995 | 7761131 |
| purification and partial characterization of a spore cortex-lytic enzyme of clostridium perfringens s40 spores. | a spore cortex-lytic enzyme was purified in an active form from the exudate of fully germinated spores of clostridium perfringens s40. the enzyme caused attenuation of absorbance in coatless spore suspensions and phase-darkening of the spores, but had minimal activity on isolated peptidoglycan fragments. the enzyme was identified as a 31 kda protein which is probably an n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanine amidase. the amino-terminal 15 residues of the enzyme were: vlpepvvpeyivvhn. | 1995 | 7766194 |
| use of plasmid profiling as a typing method for epidemiologically related clostridium perfringens isolates from food poisoning cases and outbreaks. | plasmid profiling was used for the characterization of clostridium perfringens isolates involved in disease outbreaks. the usefulness of this technique was demonstrated by the retrospective examination of food and patient isolates from 10 cases and outbreaks from 1984 to 1991. the origin of three outbreaks could be clearly confirmed due to identical plasmid profiles in all isolates. in one outbreak identical plasmid patterns were found between one food and one patient isolates, while one plasmid ... | 1995 | 7766228 |
| postmortem drug metabolism by bacteria. | studies were undertaken to determine the possible role of enteric bacteria in the postmortem bioconversion of the nitrobenzodiazepines flunitrazepam, clonazepam, and nitrazepam. flunitrazepam, clonazepam, and nitrazepam were completely metabolized in blood in the presence of eight species of enteric bacteria to their respective 7-amino-metabolites. the rates of metabolism, at 37 degrees c, ranged from 0.1 ng/ml/min for streptococcus faecalis to 8.8 ng/ml/min for clostridium perfringens. the rate ... | 1995 | 7782744 |
| the enterotoxin gene (cpe) of clostridium perfringens can be chromosomal or plasmid-borne. | the location of the cpe gene, encoding the enterotoxin responsible for food poisoning in humans, has been studied in a series of enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens strains by means of pulsed field gel electrophoresis of genomic dna. the cpe gene was found at the same chromosomal locus in strains associated with food poisoning in humans and was shown to be linked to a repetitive sequence, the hindiii repeat, and an open reading frame, orf3, that may be part of an insertion sequence. in contr ... | 1995 | 7783636 |
| occurrence of fecal indicator bacteria in surface waters and the subsurface aquifer in key largo, florida. | sewage waste disposal facilities in the florida keys include septic tanks and individual package plants in place of municipal collection facilities in most locations. in key largo, both facilities discharge into the extremely porous key largo limestone. to determine whether there was potential contamination of the subsurface aquifer and nearby coastal surface waters by such waste disposal practices, we examined the presence of microbial indicators commonly found in sewage (fecal coliforms, clost ... | 1995 | 7793943 |
| fatal intravascular hemolysis in a patient with clostridium perfringens septicemia. | 1995 | 7795054 | |
| fatal clostridial sepsis in a previously healthy woman. | 1995 | 7795055 | |
| in vitro activity of dmg-mino and dmg-dm dot, two new glycylcyclines, against anaerobic bacteria. | the in vitro activity of dmg-mino and dmg-dm dot against 350 anaerobic bacterial strains including anaerobic cocci, propionibacterium acnes, clostridium perfringens, clostridium difficile, bacteroides fragilis, other bacteroides species and fusobacteria was determined by the agar dilution method. their activity was compared with that of minocycline, doxycycline, piperacillin, cefoxitin, imipenem, clindamycin and metronidazole. dmg-mino and dmg-dm dot and imipenem were the most active agents test ... | 1993 | 7802861 |
| gene structure of the 'large' sialidase isoenzyme from clostridium perfringens a99 and its relationship with other clostridial nanh proteins. | clostridium perfringens possesses two sialidase isoenzymes of different molecular weight. almost 90% of the gene encoding the 'large' form was found on a 3.1 kb chromosomal fragment (sau3ai) of strain a99 by hybridization with probes developed from the n-terminal protein sequence and from commonly conserved sialidase motifs ('asp-boxes'), whereas the remaining 3'-terminal part was detected on a 2.1 kb fragment (hind iii) of chromosomal dna. after combination of both fragments, the resulting e. c ... | 1994 | 7804004 |
| is231 and other bacillus thuringiensis transposable elements: a review. | bacillus thuringiensis is an entomopathogenic bacterium whose toxicity is due to the presence in the sporangia of delta-endotoxin crystals active against agricultural pests and vectors of human and animal diseases. most of the genes coding for these toxin proteins are plasmid-borne and are generally structurally associated with insertion sequences (is231, is232, is240, isbt1 and isbt2) and transposons (tn4430 and tn5401). several of these mobile elements have been shown to be active and are beli ... | 1994 | 7813910 |
| comparison of western immunoblots and gene detection assays for identification of potentially enterotoxigenic isolates of clostridium perfringens. | clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cpe) is an important sporulation-associated virulence factor in several illnesses of humans and domestic animals, including c. perfringens type a food poisoning. therefore, the ability to determine the enterotoxigenicity of food or fecal c. perfringens isolates with simple, rapid assays should be helpful for epidemiologic investigations. in this study, western immunoblotting (to detect cpe production in vitro) was compared with pcr assays and digoxigenin-labe ... | 1994 | 7814493 |
| an outbreak of enterotoxaemia caused by clostridium perfringens type d in goats in patagonia. | forty-four of a flock of 117 angora goats in the rio negro province of argentina died within four days. most of the animals died shortly after the onset of clinical signs, but in a few the clinical course lasted for several days. post mortem the small and large intestines were filled with watery contents, blood and fibrin clots, and there were numerous ulcers on the mucosa. small areas of malacia were observed histologically in the brain. clostridium perfringens type d in pure culture was isolat ... | 1994 | 7817506 |
| adp-ribosyltransferase type a from turkey erythrocytes modifies actin at arg-95 and arg-372. | turkey erythrocyte adp-ribosyltransferase a catalyzes the transfer of adp-ribose from nad to both monomeric and polymeric skeletal muscle alpha-actin with the incorporation of 2 mol of adp-ribose per mol of actin. in contrast, clostridium perfringens iota toxin adp-ribosylates only g-actin, with modification at arginine-177 [vandekerckhove, j., et al. (1987) febs lett. 255, 48-42]. transferase a-catalyzed modifications are sensitive to 0.5 m neutral hydroxylamine, consistent with the arginine si ... | 1995 | 7819215 |
| typing of clostridium perfringens by in vitro amplification of toxin genes. | the strains of clostridium perfringens are classified according to major toxins produced. classically, this determination involves the seroneutralization of their lethal effect in mice. however, this method requires specific antisera and a large number of mice. in this work, a new typing method was developed based on the amplification of toxin genes by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). by combination of several pairs of primers, the toxinotype of a cl. perfringens strain was determined by looking ... | 1994 | 7822224 |
| gas gangrene panophthalmitis. a case from greenland. | a case of clostridium perfringens gas gangrene panophthalmitis developed after a penetrating eye injury. the affected eye became amaurotic, but the panophthalmitis was controlled by minimal surgical debridement and systemic antibiotic therapy with penicillin, fucidic acid and metronidazole. elective enucleation was performed 15 days after the trauma for cosmetic reasons. the enucleated eye was examined histopathologically and showed massive retinal necrosis but no signs of bacteriae. | 1994 | 7825424 |
| [action of clostridium perfringens alpha toxin]. | 1994 | 7830315 | |
| the elevation of plasma dna in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus is attributable to increased dna release and defective dna binding of mononuclear cells. | although immunoprecipitable dna has been found in a subgroup of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) exhibiting systemic vasculitis and/or central nervous system involvement, the mechanism for elevated plasma dna in these patients is poorly understood. | 1994 | 7834551 |
| clostridium perfringens endophthalmitis. | our report describes a 35 year-old male who sustained a penetrating injury with an intraocular foreign body and developed endophthalmitis. gram stain showed gram positive bacilli and culture grew clostridium perfringens. the patient was managed successfully by therapeutic vitrectomy and intravitreal and systemic antibiotic therapy. early vitrectomy and intravitreal antibiotics should be considered in patients who develop severe endophthalmitis following penetrating injury. | 1994 | 7835187 |
| the spectrum of myositis and rhabdomyolysis associated with bacterial infection. | (1) to describe the clinical and radiographic features of 6 patients with myositis or rhabdomyolysis associated with bacterial infection. (2) to analyze the role of computed tomography (ct) in myositis associated with bacterial infection. | 1994 | 7837162 |
| toxin-related diarrheas. | 1994 | 7838605 | |
| pleural empyema caused by clostridium perfringens. | 1994 | 7846341 | |
| insulin action on cardiac glucose transport: studies on the role of protein kinase c. | isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes from adult rat have been used to elucidate a possible relationship between protein kinase c (pkc) and the stimulatory action of insulin on cardiac glucose transport. cells were incubated in the presence of either insulin or phospholipase c from clostridium perfringens (plc-cp) and intracellular sn-1,2-diacylglycerol (dag) levels and initial rates of 3-o-methylglucose transport were determined. insulin had no effect on the dag mass level, whereas it was elevate ... | 1995 | 7857987 |
| frequency of clostridium perfringens types in jordanian sheep. | 778 fecal samples from 29 jordanian sheep flocks were examined for the presence of clostridium perfringens. 252 field strains were isolated and typed by the enzyme immunosorbent assay. the presence of c. perfringens types b, c and d in jordanian sheep was confirmed. type d was found in 55% of the flocks examined. types b and c were each isolated from 7% of the flocks examined. the proteinase activity of isolated type b field strains was similar to that of type b reference strains. according to t ... | 1994 | 7858351 |
| effects of dietary supplementation with lactosucrose (4g-beta-d-galactosylsucrose) on cecal flora, cecal metabolites, and performance in broiler chickens. | the effects of dietary lactosucrose on cecal flora, cecal metabolites, and performance were studied in eight 20-d-old and eight 62-d-old broiler chickens fed a basal diet (control) or a diet with .15% lactosucrose added. on day 20 of age, the frequency of occurrence of lecithinase-negative clostridia were decreased (p < .05) by lactosucrose consumption. on day 62 of age, the numbers of bifidobacteria were increased (p < .05) by lactosucrose consumption, but the counts of lecithinase-positive clo ... | 1994 | 7862605 |
| [a case of endocarditis caused by clostridium entering through the gastrointestinal system]. | 1994 | 7865563 | |
| purification and biological properties of a cell growth-stimulating factor from clostridium perfringens ferm p-14028. | the active component that stimulates fibroblast growth was purified from cultured clostridium perfringens ferm p-14028, and a quantitative assay method for the biological activity was established. the active component was named cell growth-stimulating factor (cgsf), and the molecular weight of this factor was estimated to be 420 kda on gel permeation chromatography. cgsf(50-100 ng/ml) stimulated the growth rate of bhk-21 (c-13) cells in the logarithmic growth phase, and shortened the doubling ti ... | 1994 | 7866289 |
| site-directed mutagenesis of histidine residues in clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin. | mutagenesis of h-68 or -148 in clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin resulted in complete loss of hemolytic, phospholipase c, sphingomyelinase, and lethal activities of the toxin. these activities of the variant toxin at h-126 or -136 decreased by approximately 100-fold of the activities of the wild-type toxin. mutation at h-46, -207, -212, or -241 showed no effect on the biological activities, indicating that these residues are not essential for these activities. the variant toxin at h-11 was not ... | 1995 | 7868589 |
| clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin induces tissue damage and fluid accumulation in rabbit ileum. | rabbit ileal loops were treated with purified clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cpe) to compare the onset of toxin-induced tissue damage with the onset of fluid transport changes (i.e. diarrhoea). mild changes in fluid transport were detectable after 15 minutes of toxin treatment and then increased progressively with time. histopathologic studies on toxin-treated ileal loops and measurement of toxin-treated loop fluid protein contents (an indirect marker for tissue damage) both indicated that ... | 1994 | 7868827 |