Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| chemokines in nasal secretions of normal adults experimentally infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | the goal of this study was to determine time courses of upregulation of several chemokines in nasal secretions after inoculation of human subjects with a low dose of live respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). healthy, nonsmoking young adults were admitted to an inpatient clinical research unit. after baseline studies, subjects were nasally inoculated with approximately 10(3) plaque-forming units of rsv (strain a2), followed by daily nasal lavages. nasal lavage fluid (nlf) was assayed for chemokines ... | 2000 | 10998316 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in high risk infants and the potential impact of prophylaxis in a united kingdom cohort. | bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of morbidity in ex-premature infants. in a randomised placebo controlled trial monoclonal antibody prophylaxis showed a 55% reduction in relative risk of hospital admission for these high risk infants, against a background incidence of 10.6 admissions per 100 high risk infants. | 2000 | 10999865 |
| the clinical course of bronchiolitis associated with acute otitis media. | acute otitis media (aom) is the most common bacterial co-infection of viral bronchiolitis. | 2000 | 10999866 |
| rationalised prescribing for community acquired pneumonia: a closed loop audit. | to audit the management of community acquired pneumonia before and after the introduction of a protocol. to determine the aetiology of pneumonia using routine investigations and polymerase chain reaction (pcr). | 2000 | 10999868 |
| antibody dynamics in brsv-infected danish dairy herds as determined by isotype-specific immunoglobulins. | using specific elisas, antibody levels of four different isotypes to bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) were determined in calves, following experimental brsv infection. most calves experienced an increase in the specific igm and igg1 titres about 6-10 days after infection with brsv. the igm titre was transient showing positive titres for only 5-10 days, while specific igg1 was present for a longer time. iga was detected concomitantly with igm but at a lower level. production of igg2 anti ... | 2000 | 11000530 |
| role of interferon gamma in the pathogenesis of primary respiratory syncytial virus infection in balb/c mice. | immunologic mechanisms are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in humans. rsv-infected balb/c mice exhibit tachypnea and signs of outflow obstruction, similar to symptoms in humans. interferon gamma (ifngamma) has been found to be the predominant cytokine produced in humans and mice with rsv infection. we therefore undertook this study to evaluate the role of ifngamma in the development of respiratory illness in rsv-infected mice. balb/c m ... | 2000 | 11002257 |
| type 1-like immune response is found in children with respiratory syncytial virus infection regardless of clinical severity. | the immunological response of infants younger than six months to infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was studied in relation to clinical severity. il-6 and il-8 were found more frequently and at higher levels in the plasma samples of more severely ill patients and no significant differences were found in the levels of cytokines differentiating between type 1 and type 2 responses. cellular infiltrates in nasopharyngeal washings consisted mainly of polymorphonuclear granulocytes and m ... | 2000 | 11002258 |
| [myocarditis caused by respiratory syncytial virus]. | 2000 | 11003867 | |
| [ureaplasma urealyticum and pertussis-like syndrome]. | ureaplasma urealyticum is associated with respiratory pathology in the neonates and preterm neonates. however, this association has been poorly studied in infants and during early infancy. to address this issue, a clinic evaluation of patients with whooping cough and isolation of u. urealyticum in their nasopharyngeal aspirates has been done. | 2000 | 11003900 |
| randomised placebo controlled trial of nebulised corticosteroids in acute respiratory syncytial viral bronchiolitis. | 2000 | 11005414 | |
| [recommendations for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections. standards committee of the spanish society of neonatology. board of directors of the spanish society of neonatology]. | premature babies < = 35 weeks gestation, with or without chronic lung disease (cld), should be considered high risk population for rsv infection and rehospitalization. rsv monoclonal antibodies (palivizumab) have been found useful in decreasing rates of rsv hospitalization in this patients. guidelines for their administration include: 1. recommend their use in premature born between 29-32 weeks gestation without cld and less than 6 months at entry of rsv station. 2. strongly recommend their use ... | 2000 | 11006170 |
| reactive hemophagocytic syndrome presenting as a component of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. | to report two cases of severe reactive hemophagocytic syndrome (rhs), to discuss their impact, and to present evidence that rhs may be a constitutive part of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (mods). | 2000 | 11009000 |
| evaluation of a live, cold-passaged, temperature-sensitive, respiratory syncytial virus vaccine candidate in infancy. | a live-attenuated, intranasal respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) candidate vaccine, cpts-248/404, was tested in phase 1 trials in 114 children, including 37 1-2-month-old infants-a target age for rsv vaccines. the cpts-248/404 vaccine was infectious at 104 and 105 plaque-forming units in rsv-naive children and was broadly immunogenic in children >6 months old. serum and nasal antibody responses in 1-2 month olds were restricted to iga, had a dominant response to rsv g protein, and had no increase ... | 2000 | 11010838 |
| efficient generation of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-neutralizing human moabs via human peripheral blood lymphocyte (hu-pbl)-scid mice and scfv phage display libraries. | rsv is one of the major causes of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants and young children and is associated with high mortality. rsv neutralizing human antibody (hu-ab) is known to mediate resistance to viral infection as well as to be an effective treatment for severe lower respiratory tract rsv infection. we have previously demonstrated that human primary and secondary immune responses can be established in severe combined immunodeficient mice engrafted with human peripheral blood lymphocyte ... | 2000 | 11012623 |
| family history of atopy and clinical course of rsv infection in ambulatory and hospitalized infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection can be severe in pediatric patients. risk factors for severe disease include age less than 6 months, prematurity, preexisting heart or lung disease or malformations, gastroesophageal reflux, and immunodeficiency. the aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of family history of allergy on the clinical course of rsv infection in ambulatory and hospitalized infants. in a retrospective study, 172 patients younger than 12 months of age (99 ... | 2000 | 11015130 |
| g protein variation in respiratory syncytial virus group a does not correlate with clinical severity. | respiratory syncytial virus group a strain variations of 28 isolates from the netherlands collected during three consecutive seasons were studied by analyzing g protein sequences. several lineages circulated repeatedly and simultaneously during the respective seasons. no relationships were found between lineages on the one hand and clinical severity or age on the other. | 2000 | 11015418 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in patients with phagocyte defects. | patients with phagocyte defects frequently develop bacterial or fungal pneumonias, but they are not considered to be at increased risk for viral infections. we describe 3 patients with known phagocyte immunodeficiencies who developed lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). all 3 patients had dense pneumonias as indicated by computed tomography scan of the lungs and rsv was recovered. we conclude that rsv can present as a dense pneumonia in patients ... | 2000 | 11015530 |
| donor lymphocyte infusion for treatment of life-threatening respiratory syncytial virus infection following bone marrow transplantation. | we describe two patients who developed respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumonia after bmt. one died of rsv pneumonia after three courses of steroid pulse therapy. surprisingly, rsv antigen was identified in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf) obtained post mortem. steroid pulse therapy might have suppressed anti-rsv immunity, leading to persistent rsv infection for more than 1 month. the other patient received donor lymphocyte infusions (dli) for relapsed plasma cell leukemia, while havin ... | 2000 | 11019850 |
| [nosocomial infections due to rotavirus and respiratory syncytial virus in pediatric wards: a 2-year study]. | rotavirus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections represent up to 30% of the totality of nosocomial infections in paediatric wards. we studied the importance of these infections in the paediatric wards of the university hospital center of poitiers, france, from october 1996 to september 1998. we defined as nosocomial an infection acquired after 3 days of hospitalization for rotavirus and after 7 days for rsv. the 274 cases of children presenting rotavirus gastroenteritis or rsv infectio ... | 2000 | 11022103 |
| epidemiology of acute viral respiratory tract infections in korean children. | viruses are the most common causes of respiratory tract infection in children. we investigated the aetiologies and the epidemiological features of acute viral respiratory tract infections in korean children. | 2000 | 11023760 |
| passive immunity in prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. | antibodies have been used for over a century in the prevention and treatment of infectious disease. they are used most commonly for the prevention of measles, hepatitis a, hepatitis b, tetanus, varicella, rabies, and vaccinia. although their use in the treatment of bacterial infection has largely been supplanted by antibiotics, antibodies remain a critical component of the treatment of diptheria, tetanus, and botulism. high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin can be used to treat certain viral infec ... | 2000 | 11023960 |
| structural phosphoprotein m2-1 of the human respiratory syncytial virus is an rna binding protein. | the structural phosphoprotein m2-1 of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) long strain shows rna binding capacity in three different assays that detect rna-protein complexes: cross-linking, gel retardation, and northern-western assays. it is able to bind hrsv leader rna specifically with cooperative kinetics, with an apparent k(d) of at least 90 nm. it also binds to long rnas with no sequence specificity. the rna binding domain has been located between amino acid residues 59 and 85, at the n ... | 2000 | 11024112 |
| hla class i-restricted cytotoxic t-cell epitopes of the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein. | virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) play a major role in the clearance of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. we have generated cytotoxic t-cell clones (tcc) from two infants who had just recovered from severe rsv infection. these tcc were functionally characterized and used to identify hla class i (b57 and c12)-restricted ctl epitopes of rsv. | 2000 | 11024156 |
| [serological diagnosis and nasopharyngeal washings in pediatric infections]. | in the course of respiratory infections, the efficacy of microbiologic diagnosis has increased years after years, in term of specificity, sensitivity and rapidity. new pathogenic agents have been described such as: legionella pneumophila, chlamydia pneumoniae, hantavirus. some viruses have been well characterized as responsible for seasonal outbreaks using rapid tools for identification. needs for efficient diagnostic tools became more obvious when specific antiviral drugs appeared on the market ... | 2000 | 11028183 |
| exogenous surfactant supplementation in infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis are deficient in surfactant, both in quantity and ability to reduce surface tension. new evidence suggests surfactant has a role in maintaining the patency of conducting airways, which has implications for rsv bronchiolitis. a randomized, controlled pilot study was undertaken to assess the effects of exogenous surfactant supplementation to rsv-positive infants on pulmonary mechanics, indices of gas exchange, and the phospholipid compos ... | 2000 | 11029326 |
| sustaining the implementation of an evidence-based guideline for bronchiolitis. | to describe the changes occurring over a 3-year period after implementation of an evidence-based clinical practice guideline for the care of infants with bronchiolitis. | 2000 | 11030852 |
| pathologic quiz case: fatal pneumonia in an allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipient. | 2000 | 11035598 | |
| bronchoalveolar lavage cellular composition in acute asthma and acute bronchiolitis. | to compare cellular inflammation in the airways between acute bronchiolitis and asthma. | 2000 | 11035831 |
| outcome of respiratory syncytial virus infection and a cost-benefit analysis of prophylaxis. | to determine outcome and length of stay (los) for infants younger than 2 years of age admitted to hospital for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and to perform a cost-benefit analysis of prophylaxis with rsv gamma-globulin (respigam; csl laboratories, melbourne, victoria, australia) and monoclonal antibody (synagis; abbott australasia, kurnell, nsw, australia) in the australian context. | 2000 | 11036794 |
| binding of human respiratory syncytial virus to cells: implication of sulfated cell surface proteoglycans. | binding of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) to cultured cells was measured by flow cytometry. using this assay and influenza virus as a control virus with a well-characterized receptor, a systematic search of cell surface molecules that might be implicated in hrsv binding was carried out. treatment of cells with different enzymes or with other reagents suggested that heparin-like glycosaminoglycans (gags) were involved in attachment of hrsv, but not influenza virus, to host cells. this w ... | 2000 | 11038384 |
| effects of 3-methylindole production and immunity against bovine respiratory syncytial virus on development of respiratory tract disease and rate of gain of feedlot cattle. | to determine whether immunity against bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) mitigates the effects of 3-methylindole (3mi) on occurrence of bovine respiratory tract disease (brd) and rate of gain in feedlot cattle. | 2000 | 11039567 |
| community acquired pneumonia--a prospective uk study. | there are few data on paediatric community acquired pneumonia (pcap) in the uk. | 2000 | 11040149 |
| efficacy and safety studies of a recombinant chimeric respiratory syncytial virus fg glycoprotein vaccine in cotton rats. | several formulations of a recombinant chimeric respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine consisting of the extramembrane domains of the f and g glycoproteins (fg) were tested in cotton rats to evaluate efficacy and safety. the fg vaccine was highly immunogenic, providing nearly complete resistance to pulmonary infection at doses as low as 25 ng in spite of inducing relatively low levels of serum neutralizing antibody at low vaccine doses. upon rsv challenge animals primed with fg vaccine showed ... | 2000 | 11044072 |
| glycosaminoglycan sulfation requirements for respiratory syncytial virus infection. | glycosaminoglycans (gags) on the surface of cultured cells are important in the first step of efficient respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. we evaluated the importance of sulfation, the major biosynthetic modification of gags, using an improved recombinant green fluorescent protein-expressing rsv (rgrsv) to assay infection. pretreatment of hep-2 cells with 50 mm sodium chlorate, a selective inhibitor of sulfation, for 48 h prior to inoculation reduced the efficiency of rgrsv infection t ... | 2000 | 11044095 |
| evolution of bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | until now, the analysis of the genetic diversity of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) has been based on small numbers of field isolates. in this report, we determined the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of regions of the nucleoprotein (n protein), fusion protein (f protein), and glycoprotein (g protein) of 54 european and north american isolates and compared them with the sequences of 33 isolates of brsv obtained from the databases, together with those of 2 human respiratory ... | 2000 | 11044116 |
| increased pulmonary secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in calves experimentally infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is an important cause of respiratory disease among calves in the danish cattle industry. an experimental brsv infection model was used to study the pathogenesis of the disease in calves. broncho alveolar lung lavage (bal) was performed on 28 jersey calves, of which 23 were experimentally infected with brsv and five were given a mock inoculum. the presence of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) in the bal fluids was detected and quantifie ... | 2000 | 11044554 |
| enteric adenovirus infection in children in taipei. | enteric adenoviruses (eads), including type 40 (ad40) and 41 (ad41), can cause acute and severe diarrhea in young children. to delineate the epidemiological features of pediatric eads infection in taiwan, we conducted a retrospective study of all cases of eads gastroenteritis in children treated at national taiwan university hospital for the period from july 1993 to december 1997. stool samples were tested for the presence of ad40 or ad41 by enzyme immunoassay (eia). a total of 64 cases of eads ... | 2000 | 11045381 |
| high mortality rate associated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) infection in belgian white blue calves previously vaccinated with an inactivated brsv vaccine. | in a group of 60 belgian white blue calves less than 8 months old still housed in barns, a bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) outbreak was revealed on the basis of a direct diagnosis (immunofluorescence and virus isolation) performed on the lungs of dead animals, and the kinetics of brsv neutralizing antibodies. clinical signs, macroscopical and microscopical pulmonary lesions were also compatible with a brsv infection. this outbreak is peculiar because the 35 oldest calves (204 +/- 29 da ... | 2000 | 11048435 |
| transmission of viral respiratory infections in the home. | respiratory viruses in the home exploit multiple modes of transmission. rsv is transmitted primarily by contact with ill children and contaminated objects in the environment. influenza appears to be spread mainly by airborne droplet nuclei. despite many years of study, from the plains of salisbury, to the hills of virginia, to the collegiate environment of madison, wi, the precise routes rhinovirus takes to inflict the misery of the common cold on a susceptible population remain controversial. | 2000 | 11052396 |
| human respiratory syncytial virus vaccine antigen produced in plants. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the primary cause of respiratory infection in infants worldwide. currently there is no available vaccine, although studies in animal models have demonstrated protective immunity induced by an epitope of the rsv g-protein representing amino acids 174-187. two peptides containing amino acids 174-187 of the g-protein of the human rsv a2 strain (nf1-rsv/172-187 and nf2-rsv/170-191) were separately engineered as translational fusions with the alfalfa mosaic ... | 2000 | 11053254 |
| severity of respiratory syncytial virus disease. | 2000 | 11055617 | |
| vaccines and otitis media. | 2000 | 11056938 | |
| prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection with palivizumab. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infects virtually all children by the age of 2 yrs. premature infants with chronic lung disease (cld) are at risk of greater morbidity due to rsv infection. however, these infants represent a small proportion of all infants admitted to hospital with rsv infection, and hospitalization rates for this group appear to have decreased over the past decade. prophylaxis against rsv infection has recently become available in the form of palivizumab, a humanized monoclona ... | 2000 | 11057088 |
| extensive sequence divergence among bovine respiratory syncytial viruses isolated during recurrent outbreaks in closed herds. | the nucleotides coding for the extracellular part of the g glycoprotein and the full sh protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) were sequenced from viruses isolated from numerous outbreaks of brsv infection. the isolates included viruses isolated from the same herd (closed dairy farms and veal calf production units) in different years and from all confirmed outbreaks in denmark within a short period. the results showed that identical viruses were isolated within a herd during outbre ... | 2000 | 11060095 |
| recent progress in antiviral chemotherapy for respiratory syncytial virus infections. | the recent progress in antiviral chemotherapy against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections was reviewed. rsv infections among high risk individuals, such as premature babies, infants with congenital disease of cardiopulmonary system or immune system and the aged, hospitalised patients with immunosuppressed status are threatened, with high mortality rates and thus need anti-viral chemotherapy. clinical efficacy of ribavirin and humanized monoclonal antibody (mab) against rsv infections as ... | 2000 | 11060673 |
| epithelial regulation of innate immunity to respiratory syncytial virus. | 2000 | 11062135 | |
| surfactant protein-a enhances uptake of respiratory syncytial virus by monocytes and u937 macrophages. | surfactant protein (sp)-a is a known opsonin for a variety of pulmonary pathogens. sp-a enhances ingestion of these pathogens by interaction with an sp-a receptor (sp-ar) found on phagocytic cells such as peripheral blood monocytes (pbmc) and alveolar macrophages. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important respiratory pathogen in children. recent studies have indicated that sp-a levels may be decreased in rsv bronchiolitis and pneumonia. in this study we examined the role of sp-a in ... | 2000 | 11062136 |
| respiratory syncytial virus stimulation of vascular endothelial cell growth factor/vascular permeability factor. | we hypothesized that respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced pathologies could be mediated, in part, by vascular active cytokines elaborated during virus infection. to address this hypothesis, we determined whether rsv stimulated vascular endothelial cell growth factor (vegf)/vascular permeability factor (vpf) elaboration in vitro. supernatants from unstimulated a549 cells and normal human bronchial epithelial cells contained modest levels of vegf. in contrast, supernatants from rsv-infected c ... | 2000 | 11062145 |
| in vitro inactivation of chlamydia trachomatis and of a panel of dna (hsv-2, cmv, adenovirus, bk virus) and rna (rsv, enterovirus) viruses by the spermicide benzalkonium chloride. | kinetics of inactivation by the detergent spermicide benzalkonium chloride (bzk) of chlamydia trachomatis and of a panel of dna viruses [herpes simplex virus hominis type 2 (hsv-2), cytomegalovirus (cmv), adenovirus (adv) and bk virus (bkv)] and rna [respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and enterovirus (env)] were established in accordance with a standardized in vitro protocol. after a 5 min incubation, inactivation of >95% of hsv-2 and cmv was obtained at a concentration of 0.0025% (w/v) (25 ig/l) ... | 2000 | 11062186 |
| pattern recognition receptors tlr4 and cd14 mediate response to respiratory syncytial virus. | the innate immune system contributes to the earliest phase of the host defense against foreign organisms and has both soluble and cellular pattern recognition receptors for microbial products. two important members of this receptor group, cd14 and the toll-like receptor (tlr) pattern recognition receptors, are essential for the innate immune response to components of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, mycobacteria, spirochetes and yeast. we now find that these receptors function in an ant ... | 2000 | 11062499 |
| influenza virus lung infection protects from respiratory syncytial virus-induced immunopathology. | the effect of infection history is ignored in most animal models of infectious disease. the attachment protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) induces t helper cell type 2-driven pulmonary eosinophilia in mice similar to that seen in the failed infant vaccinations in the 1960s. we show that previous influenza virus infection of mice: (a) protects against weight loss, illness, and lung eosinophilia; (b) attenuates recruitment of inflammatory cells; and (c) reduces cytokine secretion caused b ... | 2000 | 11067880 |
| the acute phase response of haptoglobin and serum amyloid a (saa) in cattle undergoing experimental infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | the ability of a pure virus infection to induce an acute phase protein response is of interest as viral infections are normally considered to be less efficient in inducing an acute phase protein response than bacterial infections. this was studied in a bovine model for infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), analysing the induction of the two most dominant bovine acute phase proteins haptoglobin and serum amyloid a (saa). strong and reproducible acute phase responses were detec ... | 2000 | 11068073 |
| respiratory syncytial virus can tolerate an intergenic sequence of at least 160 nucleotides with little effect on transcription or replication in vitro and in vivo. | the intergenic sequences (igs) between the first nine genes of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vary in length from 1 to 56 nucleotides and lack apparent conserved sequence motifs. to investigate their influence on sequential transcription and viral growth, recombinant rsv strain a2, from which the sh gene had been deleted to facilitate manipulation, was further modified to contain an m-g igs of 16, 30, 44, 58, 65, 72, 86, 100, 120, 140, or 160 nucleotides. all of the viruses were viable. ... | 2000 | 11069997 |
| [rsv-prophylaxis--to whom?]. | 2000 | 11070982 | |
| [respiratory syncytial virus infections in hospitalized children in akershus]. | the study describes hospitalisations for rsv infections among children < 15 years. | 2000 | 11070983 |
| [polivizumab against respiratory syncytial virus?]. | 2000 | 11070999 | |
| bronchiolitis in infants. | bronchiolitis is a common disease of the lower respiratory tract of infants, resulting from inflammatory obstruction of the small airways. it is a predominant viral illness, in which the rsv (respiratory syncytial virus) is the agent in more that 50% of cases. it is not known how many children with genetic predisposition to atopy develop asthma symptoms after bronchiolitis, however the relationship between the two affections is not understood. we show that a major proportion of babies with a pos ... | 1999 | 11073128 |
| enhanced detection of respiratory syncytial virus by shell vial in children hospitalised with respiratory illnesses in northern jordan. | during the period between november 1997 and may 1998, a total of 350 nasopharyngeal aspirates were obtained from children admitted to the respiratory disease unit at princess rahma hospital, northern jordan, and diagnosed clinically as suffering from respiratory tract infections. nasopharyngeal aspirates were investigated for the presence of respiratory syncycial virus (rsv) by using shell vial (sv) culture assay, conventional culture assay, and direct immunofluorescence assay. out of 350 nasoph ... | 2000 | 11074482 |
| [nosocomial intestinal infections in an infant ward. the importance of phone inquiries of the families]. | intestinal nosocomial infections remain a major concern in pediatric wards where they occur synchronously with syncytial respiratory virus infections. | 2000 | 11075260 |
| bronchiolitis-associated mortality and estimates of respiratory syncytial virus-associated deaths among us children, 1979-1997. | a 1985 estimate that 4500 respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-associated deaths occur annually among us children has not been updated using nationally representative data. thus, 1979-1997 multiple cause-of-death records for children <5 years old listing bronchiolitis, pneumonia, or any respiratory tract disease were examined. deaths among children associated with any respiratory disease declined from 4631 in 1979 to 2502 in 1997. during the 19-year study period, 1806 bronchiolitis-associated death ... | 2001 | 11076709 |
| association of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis with the interleukin 8 gene region in uk families. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infects nearly all children by the end of their second winter. why some develop bronchiolitis is poorly understood; it is not known whether there is a genetic component. the pathological features include neutrophil infiltration and high levels of interleukin 8 (il-8), a potent neutrophil chemoattractant. | 2000 | 11083887 |
| [high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in pediatric patients. protocol and preliminary results]. | high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (hfov) constitutes an important advance in the management of children with respiratory failure. although it has been used mainly as "lung rescue therapy", pediatric indications for hfov can be broader. the principal advantages of this modality compared with conventional ventilation are the lower incidence of barotrauma, volutrauma, atelectrauma and biotrauma. to date, experience with hfov in our country has been scarce and limited to neonatal patients. | 2000 | 11083978 |
| the attachment (g) glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus contains a single immunodominant epitope that elicits both th1 and th2 cd4+ t cell responses. | balb/c mice immunized with a vaccinia virus expressing the attachment (g) glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) develop a virus-specific cd4(+) t cell response that consists of a mixture of th1 and th2 cd4(+) t cells following intranasal infection with live rsv. recent work has shown that both th1 and th2 cd4(+) t cells are elicited to a single region comprising aa 183-197 of the g protein. to more precisely define the cd4(+) t cell epitope(s) contained within this region, we created ... | 2000 | 11086089 |
| effect of adenovirus type 1 and influenza a virus on streptococcus pneumoniae nasopharyngeal colonization and otitis media in the chinchilla. | considerable evidence has implicated respiratory tract virus potentiation of bacterial adherence, colonization, and superinfection as a significant factor contributing to the pathogenesis of otitis media (om). influenza a and b viruses, adenovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus are the primary respiratory tract viruses associated with this disease. investigations have established a dramatic increase in the development of experimental om in chinchillas co-inoculated with influenza a virus and s ... | 2000 | 11089992 |
| epidemiological aspects of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in italy: a national survey. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of respiratory infections such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia in babies and children, producing serious infections and short- to medium-term complications. we conducted a survey, using a questionnaire, to determine the opinions of paediatricians on the geographical and seasonal distribution, and the clinical impact of rsv in italy. of the 344 paediatricians who responded, 66% had admitted children affected by rsv into their department, and 38% o ... | 2000 | 11092230 |
| current and future use of vaccines for viral and bacterial respiratory tract infections. | viral and bacterial respiratory infections remain the number one cause of infectious disease-related deaths around the world. in the past, vaccines were often created by repeatedly passing laboratory cultures to develop attenuated strains or simply by inactivating live cultures of pathogens. a variety of new and innovative technologies are being applied to develop vaccines against the more elusive pathogens. a variety of protein conjugates have been used to greatly enhance the immunogenicity of ... | 2000 | 11095847 |
| effectiveness of palivizumab: evaluation of outcomes from the 1998 to 1999 respiratory syncytial virus season. the palivizumab outcomes study group. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) remains a significant cause of morbidity, especially in premature infants and immunocompromised children, resulting in approximately 100 000 hospitalizations annually. a study was performed to evaluate the outcomes of those given palivizumab (synagis; medimmune, inc., gaithersburg, md) during the 1998 to 1999 rsv season, its first season in general use. | 2000 | 11099087 |
| predictors of asthma three years after hospital admission for wheezing in infancy. | to evaluate the influence of early antiinflammatory therapy in the development of asthma 3 years after hospitalization for wheezing in infancy. in addition, the effects of allergic sensitization and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection on the development of asthma were investigated. | 2000 | 11099596 |
| in situ hybridization detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in the lung of experimentally infected lambs. | we studied the distribution of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) rna in lungs of experimentally inoculated lambs by in situ hybridization at different times postinoculation. the probe used for in situ hybridization was prepared by reverse transcription of brsv rna, followed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of the cdna. twenty-five merino lambs of both sexes with a live weight of 17 +/- 3 kg received an intratracheal inoculation of 20 ml saline solution containing 1.26 x 1 ... | 2000 | 11105951 |
| structural characterization of the human respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein core. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a major cause of a number of severe respiratory diseases, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia, in infants and young children. the hrsv f protein, a glycoprotein essential for viral entry, is a primary target for vaccine and drug development. two heptad-repeat regions within the hrsv f sequence were predicted by the computer program learncoil-vmf. these regions are thought to form trimer-of-hairpins-like structures, similar to those found in the fusio ... | 2000 | 11106388 |
| interstitial pneumonia in feedlot cattle: concurrent lesions and lack of immunohistochemical evidence for bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection. | the objectives of this study were to describe the nature and distribution of microscopic lung lesions in feedlot cattle with interstitial pneumonia and to determine whether bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) antigen was present in affected lungs. lungs with macroscopic lesions compatible with interstitial pneumonia were collected from cattle from 5 west-central saskatchewan feedlots that had been on feed for greater than 60 days at the time of death. interstitial pneumonia was most consis ... | 2000 | 11108450 |
| rates of hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection among children in medicaid. | to determine rates of hospitalization associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection among children with and without specific medical conditions. | 2000 | 11113845 |
| pilot testing standardized surveillance: hospital infection standardised surveillance (hiss). on behalf of the hiss reference group. | in australia the time-consuming nature of double handling of surveillance data has meant that surveillance methodology rarely included prospective monitoring of patients at risk for the acquisition of a nosocomial infection. to streamline surveillance activities, infection control professionals favored the collection of case data either from the ward or pathology laboratories. by default, this method introduced a variety of definitions resulting in inconsistencies across health care facilities a ... | 2000 | 11114609 |
| both immunisation with a formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine and a mock antigen vaccine induce severe lung pathology and a th2 cytokine profile in rsv-challenged mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and young children. immunopathology may play a role in rsv-induced disease and a severe rsv infection may also be associated with an increased risk of developing asthma. vaccination with formalin-inactivated rsv (fi-rsv) prior to infection resulted both in human and in the mouse model in extensive lung pathology. in the mouse model, it has been shown that this aggravation of disease was associ ... | 2000 | 11115725 |
| [prednisolone treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection. a randomized, controlled trial of 147 children]. | our objective was to evaluate the effect of systemic prednisolone as an adjunct to conventional treatment with beta 2-agonist, fluid replacement and respiratory support in hospitalized infants younger than 24 months with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. | 2000 | 11116451 |
| palivizumab for respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis in high-risk infants: a cost-effectiveness analysis. | prophylactic therapy with palivizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody, has been shown to reduce the number of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-related hospitalizations in preterm infants. the cost-effectiveness of this therapy has not been evaluated from the provider's perspective using cost data. | 2000 | 11117660 |
| protection against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) elicited in mice by plasmid dna immunisation encoding a secreted rsv g protein-derived antigen. | plasmid vectors encoding two different variants, one cytoplasmic and one secreted version, of a candidate vaccine bbg2na to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), were constructed and evaluated in a nucleic acid vaccination study. the two different vectors, which employed the semliki forest virus gene amplification system, were found to express bbg2na appropriately in in vitro cell cultures. immunisation of mice with the plasmid vectors elicited significant serum anti-bbg2na igg responses only in th ... | 2000 | 11118904 |
| rna sequences involved in transcriptional termination of respiratory syncytial virus. | rna signals at the ends of the genes of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus direct polyadenylation and termination of viral transcription. these gene ends contain two conserved regions, a pentanucleotide and a tract of uridylate (u) residues, separated by an a/u-rich central region that is less well conserved. the u tract is thought to be the template for polyadenylation of viral mrnas by reiterative transcription. the cis-acting requirements for termination were investigated by mutagenesis of the ... | 2001 | 11119571 |
| il-12-activated nk cells reduce lung eosinophilia to the attachment protein of respiratory syncytial virus but do not enhance the severity of illness in cd8 t cell-immunodeficient conditions. | bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a major cause of hospitalization in children under 1 year of age. rsv causes common colds in older children and adults, but can cause serious disease in immunodeficient patients and the elderly. development of effective vaccines and treatments for rsv infection is therefore a priority. because bronchiolitis and vaccine-augmented disease are thought to be caused by exuberant t cell activation, attention has focused on the use ... | 2000 | 11120841 |
| role of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) type 1 envelope in the anti-hiv activity of the betulinic acid derivative ic9564. | the betulinic acid derivative ic9564 is a potent anti-human immunodeficiency virus (anti-hiv) compound that can inhibit both hiv primary isolates and laboratory-adapted strains. however, this compound did not affect the replication of simian immunodeficiency virus and respiratory syncytial virus. results from a syncytium formation assay indicated that ic9564 blocked hiv type 1 (hiv-1) envelope-mediated membrane fusion. analysis of a chimeric virus derived from exchanging envelope regions between ... | 2001 | 11120945 |
| genetic variability among group a and b respiratory syncytial viruses in mozambique: identification of a new cluster of group b isolates. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in children and vulnerable adults, but little is known regarding rsv infection in africa. in this report, a recent rsv outbreak in mozambique was studied and results showed that 275 of 3192 (8.6%) nasopharyngeal aspirates tested were rsv-positive by elisa. rsv presents two antigenic groups (a and b) with a high genetic and antigenic variability between and within them. analysis by a new rflp assay of ... | 2001 | 11125163 |
| a negative search for a paramyxoviral etiology of paget's disease of bone: molecular, immunological, and ultrastructural studies in uk patients. | paget's disease of bone is a common bone disease characterized by increased and disorganized bone remodeling at focal sites throughout the skeleton. the etiology of the disease is unresolved. a persistent viral infection has long been suggested to cause the disease. antigen and/or nucleic acid sequences of paramyxoviruses (in particular measles virus [mv], canine distemper virus [cdv], and respiratory syncytial virus [rsv]) have been reported in pagetic bone by a number of groups; however, other ... | 2000 | 11127197 |
| respiratory syncytial virus activity--united states, 1999-2000 season. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract illness (lrti) among infants and children worldwide (1) and is an important cause of lrti among older children and adults (2). despite the presence of maternal antibodies, most hospitalizations occur among infants aged <6 months, and nearly all children are infected by age 2 years (3). although primary infection is usually most severe, reinfection throughout life is common (4). in temperate climates, rsv infections ... | 2000 | 11130859 |
| inducible expression of inflammatory chemokines in respiratory syncytial virus-infected mice: role of mip-1alpha in lung pathology. | lower respiratory tract disease caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is characterized by profound airway mucosa inflammation, both in infants with naturally acquired infection and in experimentally inoculated animal models. chemokines are central regulatory molecules in inflammatory, immune, and infectious processes of the lung. in this study, we demonstrate that intranasal infection of balb/c mice with rsv a results in inducible expression of lung chemokines belonging to the cxc (mip-2 a ... | 2001 | 11134301 |
| an endoplasmic reticulum-specific stress-activated caspase (caspase-12) is implicated in the apoptosis of a549 epithelial cells by respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection induced programmed cell death or apoptosis in the cultured lung epithelial cell line, a549. the apoptotic cells underwent multiple changes, including fragmentation and degradation of genomic dna, consistent with the activation of the dna fragmentation factor or caspase-activated dnase (dff or cad). the infection led to activation of fasl; however, a transdominant mutant of fas-downstream death domain protein, fadd, did not inhibit apoptosis. similarly, ... | 2001 | 11135374 |
| respiratory viral infections among pediatric inpatients and outpatients in taiwan from 1997 to 1999. | the present study examined the association of specific virus infections with acute respiratory tract conditions among hospitalized and outpatient children in a subtropical country. a total of 2,295 virus infections were detected in 6,986 patients between 1997 and 1999, including infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) (1.7%), parainfluenza virus (2.0%), influenza b virus (2.6%), adenovirus (4.0%), herpes simplex virus type 1 (4. 4%), influenza a virus (5.5%), and enterovirus (12.7 ... | 2001 | 11136758 |
| simultaneous detection of influenza viruses a and b using real-time quantitative pcr. | since influenza viruses can cause severe illness, timely diagnosis is important for an adequate intervention. the available rapid detection methods either lack sensitivity or require complex laboratory manipulation. this study describes a rapid, sensitive detection method that can be easily applied to routine diagnosis. this method simultaneously detects influenza viruses a and b in specimens of patients with respiratory infections using a taqman-based real-time pcr assay. primers and probes wer ... | 2001 | 11136770 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection of gene gun vaccinated mice induces th2-driven pulmonary eosinophilia even in the absence of sensitisation to the fusion (f) or attachment (g) protein. | complete protection against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection was induced in mice vaccinated on two occasions with 2.5 microg of dna, encoding the fusion (f) protein of rsv, precipitated onto gold microbeads. in contrast, immunisation with dna encoding the attachment (g) protein of rsv resulted in a significant reduction in viral load following infection, but did not afford complete protection. gene gun delivery of dna-f elicited a t helper-2 (th2) biased immune response that could not ... | 2000 | 11137237 |
| [viral infection related to the appearance of acute bacterial respiratory tract infections]. | to investigate what viruses are related to acute bacterial respiratory tract infections, we prospectively evaluated 113 cases with respiratory tract infections (always accompanying by purulent sputum) experienced between july 1998 and march 2000. acute viral infections were detected in 25 cases (22%); 10 cases of influenza a virus and 6 cases of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus. the epidemiology of the influenza a virus and rs virus was mainly identified as from december to february in both wint ... | 2000 | 11140078 |
| spectrum of virus inhibition by consensus interferon ym643. | the spectrum of viruses inhibited by a genetically engineered consensus interferon (ifn) ym643 (interferon alfacon-1) was evaluated using a cytopathic effect inhibition assay or plaque inhibition assay for five dna viruses and 12 rna viruses. this activity was compared to that of natural ifn-alpha derived from namalwa lymphoblastoid cell line [ifn-alpha (namalwa)]. the viruses inhibited by both ifns were herpesvirus types 1 and 2, human cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus, vesicular stomatit ... | 2000 | 11142632 |
| [a patient of infantile polymyositis triggered by respiratory syncytium virus infection]. | an 11-month-old boy developed acute polymyositis about 1 week after respiratory syncytium virus (rsv) pneumonia. he was admitted to our hospital because of interstitial pneumonia. rsv infection was confirmed by the presence of its antigen in his nasal discharge. two weeks later, his chest x-ray findings improved and rsv antigen became negative, but severe generalized muscle weakness developed, causing respiratory failure. muscle biopsy demonstrated inflammatory cellular infiltration with occasio ... | 2000 | 11144172 |
| mucosal delivery of a respiratory syncytial virus ctl peptide with enterotoxin-based adjuvants elicits protective, immunopathogenic, and immunoregulatory antiviral cd8+ t cell responses. | in an effort to develop a safe and effective vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), we used escherichia coli heat-labile toxin (lt), and ltk63 (an lt mutant devoid of adp-ribosyltransferase activity) to elicit murine cd8(+) ctl responses to an intranasally codelivered ctl peptide from the second matrix protein (m2) of rsv. m2(82-90)-specific cd8(+) t cells were detected by ifn-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot and (51)cr release assay in local and systemic lymph nodes, and their inducti ... | 2001 | 11145691 |
| [lack of influence of viral subtype on the clinical severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection]. | 2000 | 11147076 | |
| neurophysiological consequences of three tracheostomy techniques: a randomized study in neurosurgical patients. | we describe the effects of different tracheostomy techniques on intracranial pressure (icp), cerebral perfusion pressure (cpp), and cerebral extraction of oxygen. we attempted to identify the main mechanisms affecting intracranial pressure during tracheostomy. to do so we conducted a prospective, block-randomized, clinical study which took place in a neurosurgical intensive care unit in a teaching hospital. the patients studied consisted of thirty comatose patients admitted to the intensive care ... | 2000 | 11147378 |
| [perinatal history and hospitalization for bronchiolitis. a comparison with the impact-rsv study group]. | to describe the rate of hospitalization for bronchiolitis among newborn infants in our environment, to evaluate the influence of prematurity and other perinatal conditions on hospitalization for bronchiolitis, and to compare our data with those of the impact-rsv study group. | 2000 | 11148149 |
| prevalence of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and bovine herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4) in cattle from ethiopia. | a serological study was done to establish the occurrence and determine the prevalence of two important respiratory tract pathogens, bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and bovine herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4), in cattle in ethiopia. prevalence rates for specific antibodies of 92.5% and 22.3% were recorded for brsv and bhv-4, respectively. the presence of antibodies against these viruses in cattle from ethiopia is recorded for the first time in this report. our data suggests diseases caused by thes ... | 2000 | 11153233 |
| high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in pediatric respiratory failure: a multicenter experience. | the use of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (hfov) has increased dramatically in the management of respiratory failure in pediatric patients. we surveyed ten pediatric centers that frequently use high-frequency oscillation to describe current clinical practice and to examine factors related to improved outcomes. | 2000 | 11153635 |
| preventing respiratory syncitial virus bronchiolitis. | 2001 | 11154604 | |
| mapping the ribonucleolytic active site of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (edn). high resolution crystal structures of edn complexes with adenylic nucleotide inhibitors. | eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (edn), a basic ribonuclease found in the large specific granules of eosinophils, belongs to the pancreatic rnase a family. although its physiological function is still unclear, it has been shown that edn is a neurotoxin capable of inducing the gordon phenomenon in rabbits. edn is also a potent helminthotoxin and can mediate antiviral activity of eosinophils against isolated virions of the respiratory syncytial virus. edn is a catalytically efficient rnase sharing si ... | 2001 | 11154698 |
| molecular epidemiology of outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus within bone marrow transplantation unit. | during the winter of 1995-1996, eight of nine bone marrow transplantation (bmt) unit patients were infected with the same strain of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). this rsv strain was not detected in 20 hospitalized patients from the community, suggesting that the bmt unit infections did not occur by independent incidents of transmission from the community. | 2001 | 11158157 |