Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| herpesvirus papio 2 encodes a virion host shutoff function. | infection of baboons with herpesvirus papio 2 (hvp-2) produces a disease that is similar to human infection with herpes simplex viruses (hsv). molecular characterization of hvp-2 has demonstrated that the virion contains a factor which rapidly shuts off host cell protein synthesis after infection. reduction of host cell protein synthesis occurs in parallel with the degradation of mrna species. a homolog of the hsv virion host shutoff (vhs) gene was identified by southern and dna sequence analysi ... | 2002 | 12490401 |
| the latency-associated gene of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) interferes with superinfection by hsv-1. | during herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) lifelong latency in human peripheral sensory ganglia (psg), only the viral latency-associated transcript (lat) gene is expressed. this raises the possibility that this gene is involved in establishment of latency of the virus, its maintenance, or reactivation. here we present data that indicate yet another independent function of the lat gene: interference with hsv-1 superinfection of latently infected neurons. neuronal cells stably expressing the lats ... | 2002 | 12491159 |
| antiviral properties of prodelphinidin b-2 3'-o-gallate from green tea leaf. | prodelphinidin b-2 3-o-gallate, a proanthocyanidin gallate isolated from green tea leaf, was investigated for its anti-herpes simplex virus type 2 properties in vitro. prodelphinidin b-2 3'-o-gallate exhibited antiviral activity with ic50 of 5.0 +/-1.0 microm and 1.6 +/-0.3 pm for xtt and plaque reduction (pra) assays, respectively. cytotoxicity assay had shown that prodelphinidin b-2 3'-o-gallate possessed cytotoxic effect toward vero cell at concentration higher than its ic50. the 50% cytotoxi ... | 2002 | 12495210 |
| a smallpox false alarm. | 2003 | 12496349 | |
| a protective role of locally administered immunostimulatory cpg oligodeoxynucleotide in a mouse model of genital herpes infection. | unmethylated cpg dinucleotides in bacterial dna or synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (odns) are known as potent activators of the immune system and inducers of several th1-associated immunomodulatory cytokines. we therefore investigated whether such a cpg-containing odn (cpg odn) given mucosally in the female genital tract could enhance innate immunity and protect against genital herpes infection. groups of c57bl/6 mice were treated intravaginally with either cpg odn or a non-cpg odn control in th ... | 2003 | 12502811 |
| the herpes simplex virus type 2 r1 protein kinase (icp10 pk) functions as a dominant regulator of apoptosis in hippocampal neurons involving activation of the erk survival pathway and upregulation of the antiapoptotic protein bag-1. | herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) can trigger or block apoptosis in a cell type-dependent manner. we have recently shown that the protein kinase activity of the large subunit of the hsv-2 ribonucleotide reductase (r1) protein (icp10 pk) blocks apoptosis in cultured hippocampal neurons by activating the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (erk) survival pathway (perkins et al., j. virol. 76:1435-1449, 2002). the present studies were designed to better elucidate the mechanism ... | 2003 | 12502846 |
| [herpetic meningitis in the child]. | in children, viral meningitis is usually caused by enteroviruses. herpes simplex viruses (hsv) are known to be a cause of meningo-encephalitis. hsv-2 has been reported to cause recurrent meningitis (mollaret's meningitis) in adults. case report: we report the case of a three-year-old girl with hsv-1 meningitis, whose evolution with treatment by aciclovir was good. conclusion: hsv-1 has rarely been reported as a cause of isolated aseptic meningitis in children. primary phase of herpes simplex vir ... | 2002 | 12503506 |
| mutation of the protein tyrosine kinase consensus site in the herpes simplex virus 1 alpha22 gene alters icp22 posttranslational modification. | we previously reported that at least eight hsv-1 and five hsv-2 proteins were tyrosine phosphorylated in infected human and mouse cells and the first phosphotyrosine-modified gene product identified was the icp22 regulatory protein (blaho, j. a., zong, c. s., and mortimer, k. a., 1997, j. virol. 71, 9828-9832). all electrophoretic forms of icp22 are tyrosine phosphorylated with the exception of the fastest migrating (unmodified) isoform. we now report the following. (i) icp22 that reacted with a ... | 2003 | 12504549 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 infection as a risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus acquisition in men who have sex with men. | the association of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) acquisition with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) was assessed among men who have sex with men (msm) in a nested case-control study of 116 case subjects who seroconverted to hiv during follow-up and 342 control subjects who remained hiv seronegative, frequency-matched by follow-up duration and report of hiv-infected sex partner and unprotected anal sex. the baseline hsv-2 seroprevalence was higher among case (46%) than control (34%) subjec ... | 2003 | 12508142 |
| [the relationship between herpes simplex virus ii, human papillomavirus infection and infertility after artificial abortion]. | in order to study the relationship between infection of sexually transmitted virus herpes simplex virus ii (hsv2), human papillomavirus (hpv) and female infertility after artificial abortion, we collected 60 genital samples from infertile women who had accepted artificial abortions and 39 genital samples from normal women. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to detect hsv2 and hpv. the results were compared by x2. the positive rate of hsv2 in infertile and normal women were 80.0% and 25.6% ... | 1998 | 12515196 |
| effect of serologic status and cesarean delivery on transmission rates of herpes simplex virus from mother to infant. | neonatal herpes most commonly results from fetal exposure to infected maternal genital secretions at the time of delivery. the risk of transmission from mother to infant as it relates to maternal herpes simplex virus (hsv) serologic status and exposure to hsv in the maternal genital tract at the time of labor has not been quantified. furthermore, no data exist on whether cesarean delivery, the standard of care for women with genital herpes lesions at the time of delivery, reduces hsv transmissio ... | 2003 | 12517231 |
| regional distribution of antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 in men and women in ontario, canada. | this study estimated the regional and age- and gender-specific seroprevalences of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 in ontario, canada. stored serum specimens from subjects aged 15 to 44 years, including men (n = 979), women not under prenatal care (n = 638), and women under prenatal care (n = 701) submitted for routine viral serology were randomly selected according to regional population size from public health laboratories. hsv-1 and hsv-2 testing was done with the mrl enzyme immu ... | 2003 | 12517830 |
| design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of fluoroneplanocin a as the novel mechanism-based inhibitor of s-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase. | fluoroneplanocin a (12) was designed as a novel mechanism-based inhibitor of s-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (sah) and efficiently synthesized via an electrophilic vinyl fluorination reaction (n-buli, n-fluorobenzenesulfonimide at -78 degrees c). fluoroneplanocin a exhibited 2-fold more potent sah inhibitory activity than the parent neplanocin a. a new mechanism of irreversible inhibition discovered in this work might provide new alternatives in the design of a different class of antiviral agen ... | 2003 | 12519056 |
| testing for genital herpes: how, who, and why. | 2002 | 12520653 | |
| a prospective study of genital herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1)-seropositive women: correlations with cd4 cell count and plasma hiv-1 rna level. | a cohort of 217 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1)-seropositive women was observed prospectively from 1996 through 2000 to determine the frequency of genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) disease (symptomatic and asymptomatic) and to correlate those findings with hiv-1-related immunosuppression (absolute cd4 cell counts and plasma hiv-1 rna levels). participants underwent twice-yearly pelvic examinations, including cultures of cervicovaginal specimens and swab specimens from genit ... | 2003 | 12522754 |
| acyclovir-resistant genital herpes among persons attending sexually transmitted disease and human immunodeficiency virus clinics. | genital herpes is epidemic in the united states; long-term acyclovir therapy is common; and long-term use of antimicrobials in suppressive doses favors development of resistance. | 2003 | 12523920 |
| recent progress in herpes simplex virus immunobiology and vaccine research. | herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) cause prevalent, chronic infections that have serious outcomes in some individuals. neonatal herpes may occur when the infant traverses the cervix during maternal genital herpes. genital herpes is a major risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission. considerable efforts have been made to design and test vaccines for hsv, focusing on genital infection with hsv-2. several protein subunit vaccines based on hsv-2 envelope glyc ... | 2003 | 12525427 |
| amino acid changes within conserved region iii of the herpes simplex virus and human cytomegalovirus dna polymerases confer resistance to 4-oxo-dihydroquinolines, a novel class of herpesvirus antiviral agents. | the 4-oxo-dihydroquinolines (pnu-182171 and pnu-183792) are nonnucleoside inhibitors of herpesvirus polymerases (r. j. brideau et al., antiviral res. 54:19-28, 2002; n. l. oien et al., antimicrob. agents chemother. 46:724-730, 2002). in cell culture these compounds inhibit herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), hsv-2, human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), varicella-zoster virus (vzv), and human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) replication. hsv-1 and hsv-2 mutants resistant to these drugs were isolated and the resist ... | 2003 | 12525621 |
| polymerase chain reaction as a rapid diagnostic tool for therapy of acute retinal necrosis syndrome. | herpesviruses are involved in the pathogenesis of acute retinal necrosis syndrome (arn). a rapid and accurate diagnosis of herpetic infections is crucial for prompt administration of a specific antiviral therapy. the purpose of this study was to evaluate a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assay to detect herpesvirus dna in the aqueous humor of clinical samples from ten patients with uveitis and clinical suspicion of arn. samples were assayed for herpes simplex virus type 1-2 (hsv 1-2), vari ... | 2003 | 12526051 |
| fucoidans from the brown seaweed adenocystis utricularis: extraction methods, antiviral activity and structural studies. | the brown seaweed adenocystis utricularis (family adenocystaceae, order ectocarpales sensu lato) was extracted in parallel with three solvents usually utilized for obtaining fucoidans: distilled water, 2% calcium chloride solution and diluted hydrochloric acid (ph 2) solution. in each case, the extraction was effected at room temperature and then at 70 degrees c. the extraction yields and characteristics of the products were similar in the three cases, with only minor differences. the analytical ... | 2003 | 12526839 |
| vaccine candidates in std. | sexually transmitted diseases (stds) are caused by organisms that infect the mucosal surfaces of the genitourinary tract. in spite of its public health importance, current std vaccine research lags behind work against pathogens that target another mucosal region, the respiratory tract. in the latter case, live-attenuated viral vaccines, killed whole-cell bacterial vaccines, subunit/protein bacterial vaccines, and bacterial polysaccharide vaccines have been enormously successful. to move std vacc ... | 2002 | 12537725 |
| vaginal submucosal dendritic cells, but not langerhans cells, induce protective th1 responses to herpes simplex virus-2. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 infection occurs primarily at the genital mucosal surfaces and is a leading cause of ulcerative lesions. despite the availability of animal models for hsv-2 infection, little is known regarding the mechanism of immune induction within the vaginal mucosa. here, we examined the cell types responsible for the initiation of protective th1 immunity to hsv-2. intravaginal inoculation of hsv-2 led to a rapid recruitment of submucosal dendritic cells (dcs) to the infect ... | 2003 | 12538655 |
| np-1, a rabbit alpha-defensin, prevents the entry and intercellular spread of herpes simplex virus type 2. | rabbit neutrophil peptide-1 (np-1), a prototypic alpha-defensin, protects cells in vitro from infection by clinical and laboratory isolates of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). incubation of concentrated virus stocks for 1 h with noncytotoxic concentrations of np-1 reduces subsequent infection by >98%. pretreating cells with np-1 for 1 h prior to inoculation with untreated virus also prevents infection. np-1, a cationic peptide, does not compete with viral envelope glycoproteins for binding t ... | 2003 | 12543649 |
| herpes simplex virus type ii is not a cofactor to human papillomavirus in cancer of the uterine cervix. | cells that were cotransfected with herpes simplex virus-16 and the herpes simplex virus type 2 xho -2 dna induce tumors in nude mice. in a cross-sectional study, we investigated the role of herpes simplex virus type 2 as a cofactor to human papillomavirus in cervical cancer. | 2003 | 12548206 |
| mechanism of reduced t-cell effector functions and class-switched antibody responses to herpes simplex virus type 2 in the absence of b7 costimulation. | t-cell costimulation molecules b7-1 and b7-2 play an important role in activation of t cells to cytolytic effector function and production of cytokines. interaction with b7 also causes t cells to upregulate surface molecules, such as cd40l, that effectively stimulate antibody responses in conjunction with cytokines. we have shown that mice lacking both b7-1 and b7-2 (b7ko mice), when infected intravaginally with virulent herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), developed more severe disease and high ... | 2003 | 12551980 |
| co-immunization with plasmids coding the full length and a soluble form of glycoprotein d of hsv-2 induces protective cellular and humoral immune response in mice. | at present, the significance of antibody for protection of the female genital tract against infection with hsv-2 remains controversial. in the present study, the ability of a dna vaccine encoding different forms of glycoprotein d (gd) of herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) to induce simultaneously cellular and humoral responses was evaluated. mice immunized with a plasmid encoding full length gd (pgd) developed a strong cellular immune response but weak antibody titers in serum and vaginal washings. ... | 2003 | 12559804 |
| phenotypic and genotypic methods for the detection of herpes simplex virus serotypes. | typing of herpes simplex virus (hsv) into its serotypes plays a major role in epidemiology and management of reactivation. to develop and evaluate a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) was employed using hae iii and taq i against neutralization test, allele-specific pcr and dna sequencing for the detection of hsv serotypes. neutralization test, allele-specific pcr, dna sequencing and pcr-based rflp were applied simultaneously to 2 standard strain ... | 2003 | 12565159 |
| mechanism of the protective effect of heteropolyoxotungstate against herpes simplex virus type 2. | the effects of heteropolyoxotungstate (k(7)[pti(2)w(10)o(40)]. 6h(2)o; pm-19) on the replication of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) were examined using a semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction of intracellular viral dna established by us and also other methods. vero cells were infected with hsv-2 strains: either the standard strain 169, or the acyclovir-resistant strain ys-4c-1. pm-19 was added at various stages during the replication of hsv-2. pm-19 strongly inhibited the synthesis of v ... | 2003 | 12566852 |
| etiology of genital ulcer disease and association with human immunodeficiency virus infection in two tanzanian cities. | the etiological agent is usually not established in cases of genital ulcer disease (gud) in tanzania, since diagnosis and treatment of this disease are based mainly on clinical rather than microbiologic parameters. gud increases the risk of infection with hiv. however, the association between specific gud infections and hiv infection has not been fully investigated. | 2003 | 12567167 |
| nodular perianal herpes simplex with prominent plasma cell infiltration. | nodules are exceptional manifestations of herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection in immunocompromised patients. only two cases of nodular hsv-2 infection of the perianal region have been reported previously. | 2003 | 12567175 |
| natural history of genital herpes simplex virus type 1 infection. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) has been increasingly reported as a cause of genital herpes, yet there have been few studies on the long-term natural history of this infection. goal the goal was to examine the clinical course of genital hsv-1 infection. | 2003 | 12567178 |
| [detection of human papillomavirus and herpesvirus genotypes in biopsy specimens from cervical carcinoma by pcr-endonuclease cleavage]. | this study was to detect the human papillomavirus (hpv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv) genotypes in biopsy specimens of cervical carcinoma and genital verruca by pcr-endonuclease cleavage. | 1999 | 12569753 |
| diagnosing herpesvirus infections by real-time amplification and rapid culture. | procedures using real-time technique were developed to demonstrate the presence of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2, varicella zoster virus (vzv), and cytomegalovirus (cmv) in miscellaneous clinical specimens. the assays were compared to rapid culture using centrifugation followed by detection with monoclonal antibodies. a total of 711 consecutive samples were collected from different patient groups. throat swabs were obtained from transplant patients; dermal or oral specimens were ... | 2003 | 12574249 |
| longitudinal reliability of focus glycoprotein g-based type-specific enzyme immunoassays for detection of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in women. | serologic assays that utilize herpes simplex virus (hsv) type-specific glycoproteins g-1 (hsv-1) and g-2 (hsv-2) to discriminate between antibodies against hsv-1 and hsv-2 are sensitive and specific. however, the high rates of seroreversion, defined as the change in an individual's antibody status from positive to negative over time, previously reported in longitudinal evaluations of glycoprotein g type-specific tests suggests that their use in hsv acquisitional studies would be problematic. to ... | 2003 | 12574265 |
| [experimental study on the viricidal effect of rough extracts of camptothecine fruit on herpes simplex virus-2 in vitro]. | to study the viricidal effect of rough extracts of camptothecine fruit on herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2). | 2002 | 12575335 |
| genital herpes serotesting: a study of the epidemiology and patients' knowledge and attitude among std clinic attenders in coventry, uk. | to examine the seroprevalence and correlates of antibodies to herpes simplex viruses type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2), and to assess patients' knowledge and attitude towards genital herpes infection and its serotesting, before and after counselling. | 2003 | 12576612 |
| estimating the costs and benefits of screening monogamous, heterosexual couples for unrecognised infection with herpes simplex virus type 2. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is the most common cause of ulcerative genital disease in the united states, but infection is commonly unrecognised. serological screening tests could identify discordantly infected couples and permit targeted interventions to limit hsv-2 transmission. our objective was to evaluate the projected cost effectiveness of strategies to prevent hsv-2 transmission in couples with no history of hsv-2 infection. | 2003 | 12576614 |
| synthesis of c-17-functionalized spongiane diterpenes: diastereoselective synthesis of (-)-spongian-16-oxo-17-al, (-)-acetyldendrillol-1, and (-)-aplyroseol-14. | the diastereoselective synthesis of spongiane diterpenes (-)-spongian-16-oxo-17-al 2, (-)-acetyldendrillol-1 15, and (-)-aplyroseol-14 16 has been completed efficiently via the common intermediate 14. compound 14 was prepared in five synthetic steps from (+)-podocarp-8(14)-en-13-one 13, easily available from commercial (-)-abietic acid. the key steps in the syntheses were a regioselective reduction of a 1,4-dialdehyde unit, a one-pot acetalization-acetylation, and a translactonization. the synth ... | 2003 | 12585861 |
| herpes simplex type 2 pneumonia. | extensive reviews of pulmonary infections in aids have reported few herpetic infections. generally these infections are due to herpes simplex type 1. pneumonia due to herpes type 2 is extremely rare. we describe a 40 year-old hiv positive woman who complained of fever, cough and dyspnea for seven years. she had signs of heart failure and the appearance of her genital vesicles was highly suggestive of genital herpes. echocardiography showed marked pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular hypertr ... | 2003 | 12585974 |
| vaccine prevents genital herpes in subgroup of women. | the herpes simplex virus (hsv) type-2 vaccine studied here prevented genital herpes only in women who were seronegative for hsv-1 and hsv-2 at baseline. ten of these women would need to be vaccinated to prevent 1 case of genital herpes. the vaccine did not prevent infection with hsv-2 in these women. it did not prevent genital herpes in women with other hsv serologic status or in men. the usefulness of this vaccine is limited by the small subgroup in which it is efficacious. determining which wo ... | 2003 | 12585979 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1-induced encephalitis has an apoptotic component associated with activation of c-jun n-terminal kinase. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) triggered apoptosis in hippocampal cultures, as determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dutp nick-end labeling (tunel) and immunohistochemistry with antibody specific for the large fragment of activated caspase 3. the levels of phosphorylated (activated) c-jun n-terminal kinase (jnk) were also increased in hsv-1-infected hippocampal cultures as were the levels of activated c-jun, its target. jnk activation was involved in hsv-1-induced apo ... | 2003 | 12587073 |
| detection of herpes simplex virus dna in dried blood spots making a retrospective diagnosis possible. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections in neonates are associated with life-threatening disease. early diagnosis and treatment with antiviral therapy has decreased the morbidity, mortality and long-term sequelae in surviving children. the aim of the study was to investigate if herpes simplex virus dna detection in dried blood spots on filter papers (guthrie cards) sampled for screening of metabolic diseases may contribute to early diagnosis of neonatal hsv infection and enable pre-emptive therapy ... | 2003 | 12589833 |
| parallel detection of five human herpes virus dnas by a set of real-time polymerase chain reactions in a single run. | human herpes viruses cause a spectrum of diseases that are usually self-limiting but can be reactive during immuno-suppression and may then lead to severe or even life-threatening diseases. the lightcycler technology allows rapid polymerase chain reaction (pcr) including product analysis within a closed system. this approach has been demonstrated to be suitable for routine diagnostic virus detection. several lightcycler pcr assays have been established to the detection of human herpes viruses. t ... | 2003 | 12589838 |
| antibody-inducing properties of a prototype bivalent herpes simplex virus/enterotoxigenic escherichia coli dna vaccine. | the antibody-inducing properties of a bacterial/viral bivalent dna vaccine (precfa), expressing a peptide composed of n- and c-terminal amino acid sequences of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) glycoprotein d (gd) fused with an inner segment encoding the major structural subunit of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) cfa/i fimbriae (cfa/i), was evaluated in balb/c mice following intramuscular immunization. the bivalent precfa vaccine elicited serum antibody responses, belonging mainly ... | 2003 | 12589954 |
| predictors of seropositivity to herpes simplex virus type 2 in women. | five hundred and twenty consecutive women newly attending a genitourinary medicine clinic who participated in a study of sexual behaviour were also tested for type-specific antibody to herpes simplex virus type 2; 135 (26%) were seropositive, of whom only 29 (21.5%) had had clinical evidence of genital herpes. seropositive women were much more likely to have a past history of genital herpes (odds ratio [or] 173). they were also more likely to be black non-uk born (or 14), aged 30 years or over ( ... | 2003 | 12590790 |
| seroprevalence of sexually transmitted viruses in korean populations including hiv-seropositive individuals. | in order to investigate the prevalence of sexually transmitted viruses (stvs) in korean populations, the prevalence of specific antibodies to herpes simplex type 2 (hsv-2) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) and surface antigen to hepatitis b virus (hbsag) was evaluated in blood donors (n = 200), voluntary visitors for sti testing in public health centre (n = 204), hiv seropositive individuals (n = 200) and commercial sex workers (csws) (n = 200). all blood samples were tested using commercial enzyme-li ... | 2003 | 12590793 |
| [guidelines (brief text): management of cutaneo-mucosal herpes in the immunocompetent patient (ocular manifestations excluded)]. | 2003 | 12592186 | |
| agents of non-gonococcal urethritis in males attending an israeli clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. | non-gonococcal urethritis is the most common clinical diagnosis in men seeking care at clinics for sexually transmitted diseases. | 2003 | 12592953 |
| involvement of herpes simplex type 2 in modulation of gene expression of human papillomavirus type 18. | human papillomaviruses (hpvs) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) can establish latent or persistent infections in the host, and are involved in the aetiology of benign and/or malignant lesions of the urogenital tract. to investigate the putative interaction between these dna viruses when a double infection occurs, we have studied the effect of hsv-2 infection in hela 229 cells containing 10-50 copies of hpv type 18 genomic dna. twenty hours post hsv-2 infection, the analysis of mrna transcr ... | 2002 | 12593789 |
| mistranslational errors associated with the rare arginine codon cgg in escherichia coli. | in escherichia coli, cgg is a rare arginine codon occurring at a frequency of 0.54% in all e. coli mrnas or 9.8% when an arginine residue is encoded for. when present in high numbers or in clusters in highly expressed recombinant mrna, rare codons can cause expression problems compromising product yield and translational fidelity. the coding region for an n-terminally polyhistidine tagged p27 protease domain from herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) contains 11 of these rare arginine codons, with 3 oc ... | 2003 | 12597898 |
| transferred herpes simplex virus immunity after stem-cell transplantation: clinical implications. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) commonly reactivates after stem-cell transplantation (sct), despite acyclovir prophylaxis. whether hsv-seropositive recipients with hsv-seronegative or type-discordant donors had more frequent and severe hsv infections than those with hsv type-concordant donors was explored. banked serum samples from hsv-positive sct recipients and their donors were tested for the presence of hsv antibodies. hsv-1-positive sct recipients from hsv-1-negative donors had more frequent and ... | 2003 | 12599054 |
| herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 glycoprotein d subunit vaccines and protection against genital hsv-1 or hsv-2 disease in guinea pigs. | in two recent clinical trials, a vaccine containing herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 glycoprotein d (gd2) and a novel adjuvant as04 comprising alum (al) and 3-deactylated monophosphoryl lipid a (3-dmpl) afforded hsv-seronegative women significant protection against hsv-2 genital disease (vaccine efficacy, 73% in study 1 and 74% in study 2) and limited protection against infection (46% in study 1 and 39% in study 2). in the present report, studies in the guinea pig model investigated the protect ... | 2003 | 12599070 |
| restricted t cell receptor beta-chain variable region protein use by cornea-derived cd4+ and cd8+ herpes simplex virus-specific t cells in patients with herpetic stromal keratitis. | herpetic stromal keratitis (hsk) is a t helper type 1 cell-mediated inflammatory disease triggered by herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection of the cornea. in contrast to animal models of hsk, little is known about the role of t cells in human hsk. the phenotypes and repertoires of hsv-specific t cells recovered from the corneas of 12 patients with hsk were determined by flow cytometry. cornea-derived t cell lines (tcls) from 10 of the 12 patients contained high numbers of hsv-specific t cells. hs ... | 2003 | 12599071 |
| testing for hsv-2 infection among pregnant teens: implications for clinical practice. | to pilot test the feasibility of screening pregnant teens for hsv-2 infection during their first prenatal visit. | 2003 | 12604145 |
| the effects of panax ginseng on quality of life. | panax ginseng is marketed and used to maintain natural energy, increase mental and physical abilities, improve mood and promote general health and well-being. panax ginseng has been studied in a number of randomized clinical trials investigating its effect on physical and psychomotor performance, cognitive function, immunomodulation, diabetes mellitus and herpes simplex type-ii infections. equivocal results have been demonstrated for many of these indications. p. ginseng is also commonly used to ... | 2003 | 12605613 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of sulfated and acetylated derivatives of 2beta,3alpha-dihydroxy-5alpha-cholestane. | five new steroid sulfates, sodium 2beta,3alpha-dihydroxy-5alpha-cholestane 3-sulfate (6), sodium 2beta,3alpha-dihydroxy-5alpha-cholestane 2-sulfate (7), disodium 2beta,3alpha-dihydroxy-5alpha-cholestane disulfate (8), sodium 3alpha-acetoxy-2beta-hydroxy-5alpha-cholestane 2-sulfate (12), and sodium 2beta-acetoxy-3alpha-hydroxy-5alpha-cholestane 3-sulfate (13), have been synthesized starting from 3beta-hydroxy-5alpha-cholestane (1). the synthetic steroids were completely characterized by one-dimen ... | 2003 | 12606002 |
| syndromic management of sexually-transmitted infections and behaviour change interventions on transmission of hiv-1 in rural uganda: a community randomised trial. | treatment of sexually-transmitted infections (stis) and behavioural interventions are the main methods to prevent hiv in developing countries. we aimed to assess the effect of these interventions on incidence of hiv-1 and other sexually-transmitted infections. | 2003 | 12606175 |
| [antiviral and anti-stress activity of the gamma-l-glutamyl-histamine and its derivatives]. | effect of gamma-l-glutamylhistamine gamma-l-glu-ha and some of its derivatives on the state of nonspecific resistance and antiviral activity was studied using experimental models of influenza virus and herpes simplex virus infections. activities of natural killer (nk) cells and interferon (ifn) system were measured. the model of physical-emotional stress in mice was used. it was shown that the gamma-l-glu-ha derivative ii can prevent totally or substantially a decrease in the nk activity. this a ... | 2003 | 12608061 |
| stress as a predictor of symptomatic genital herpes virus recurrence in women with human immunodeficiency virus. | genital herpes (herpes simplex virus type 2, hsv-2) is a significant public health problem for hiv+ women, who have high rates of hsv-2 seropositivity and elevated risk for hsv-2 associated morbidity and mortality. life stress has been identified as a co-factor in genital herpes recurrence. however, no research has evaluated the relationship between stress and genital herpes recurrences in hiv+ women. the purpose of this study was to determine whether stress was associated with symptomatic genit ... | 2003 | 12614833 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among bar and hotel workers in northern tanzania: prevalence and risk factors. | type-specific serological tests have allowed for a better understanding of the epidemiology of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection in africa. | 2003 | 12616132 |
| congenital infections. | despite major medical advances, such as the introduction of the rubella vaccine and prolonged postnatal therapy of infants with congenital toxoplasmosis, intrauterine infections remain important causes of deafness, vision loss, and behavioral or neurologic disorders among children worldwide. this article describes the common pathogens causing intrauterine infections and summarizes the current status of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. | 2002 | 12616680 |
| synthesis of 3'- and 5'-nitrooxy pyrimidine nucleoside nitrate esters: "nitric oxide donor" agents for evaluation as anticancer and antiviral agents. | a group of 3'-o-nitro-2'-deoxyuridines, 3'-o-nitro-2'-deoxycytidines, and 5'-o-nitro-2'-deoxyuridines possessing a variety of substituents (h, me, f, i) at the c-5 position were synthesized for evaluation as anticancer/antiviral agents that have the ability to concomitantly release cytotoxic nitric oxide (*no). although these compounds generally released a greater percent of *no than the reference drug isosorbide dinitrate upon incubation in the presence of l-cysteine, or serum, their cytotoxici ... | 2003 | 12620076 |
| viral and bacterial dna in carotid atherosclerotic lesions. | atherosclerosis is a major health problem in industrialised countries. several studies have suggested an association exists between certain microorganisms and the development of atherosclerosis. the aim of the study presented here was to assess the presence of viral or bacterial dna in carotid atherosclerotic lesions. nucleic acids were extracted from 18 carotid atherosclerotic lesions that had been collected surgically. polymerase chain reaction was used to screen for specific genomic dna from ... | 2003 | 12627283 |
| imaging of the varicella zoster virion in the viral highways: comparison with herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus, pseudorabies virus, and human herpes viruses 6 and 7. | imaging by scanning electron microscopy (sem) can provide insight into viral egress. at a low magnification level, varicella zoster virions (vzv) emerge from an infected cell surface in a distinctive pattern previously described as "viral highways." viral highways consist of thousands of particles arranged in linear pathways across the syncytial surface. this egress pattern has not been described with other herpesviruses, but a systematic analysis has not been performed. therefore, the character ... | 2003 | 12627497 |
| the relationship between abuse, sexually transmitted diseases, & group b streptococcus in childbearing women. | to examine the relationship between abuse, sexually transmitted diseases (stds) and group b (gbs) infection among childbearing women using selye's (1978) stress response theory. | 2003 | 12629316 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 acute retinal necrosis in an immunocompetent patient. | to report a case of acute retinal necrosis caused by herpes simplex virus 2 in an otherwise healthy patient. | 2003 | 12635685 |
| type-specific serologic testing for herpes simplex virus-2. | genital herpes due to infection with herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) affects an estimated 60 million adults in the united states. over 90% are unaware of their infection but are at risk of transmitting hsv to partners. this ongoing "silent" disease is responsible for the continued increase in hsv prevalence. the recent advent of type-specific serologic tests has allowed accurate differentiation of hsv-1 and hsv-2 infection. screening of at-risk populations will allow identification of individuals ... | 2003 | 12642003 |
| divergence of reiterated sequences in a series of genital isolates of herpes simplex virus type 1 from individual patients. | both serotypes of herpes simplex virus (hsv), hsv-1 and hsv-2, are aetiological agents of genital herpes, although genital herpes caused by hsv-1 recurs less frequently. the hsv-1 genome contains a number of short, tandemly repeated sequences, and some reiterated sequences can serve as sensitive markers for the differentiation of hsv-1 strains. in the present study, variation in reiterations (assumed to be due to different copy numbers of tandemly repeated sequences) was examined in hsv-1 isolat ... | 2003 | 12655092 |
| predicting the emergence of drug-resistant hsv-2: new predictions. | mathematical models can be used to predict the emergence and transmission of antiviral resistance. previously it has been predicted that high usage of antivirals (in immunocompetent populations) to treat herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) would only lead to fairly low levels of antiviral resistance. the hsv-2 predictions were based upon the assumption that drug-resistant strains of hsv-2 would be less infectious than drug-sensitive strains but that the drug-resistant strains would not be impair ... | 2003 | 12659657 |
| progesterone increases susceptibility and decreases immune responses to genital herpes infection. | depo-provera, a long-acting progestational formulation, is widely used to facilitate infection of sexually transmitted diseases in animal models. we have previously reported that hormone treatments change susceptibility and immune responses to genital tract infections. in this study we compared the changes in susceptibility of mice to genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) after depo-provera or a saline suspension of progesterone (p-sal). we found that following depo-provera-treatment, mice ... | 2003 | 12663762 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 and heterosexual spread of human immunodeficiency virus infection in developing countries: hypotheses and research priorities. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection is almost always sexually transmitted, and causes genital ulceration. significant progress in our understanding of hsv infection has occurred over the last decade, in part related to the development of accurate and sensitive laboratory tests to study hsv-2. the application of pcr and type-specific serology to individual cases and in population-based studies has enabled the identification of a potentially important role for hsv-2 infection as a cofact ... | 2003 | 12667248 |
| synthesis of novel apionucleosides: a short and concise synthesis of 2-deoxyapio-l-furanosyl acetate from d-lactose. | a series of 2'-deoxyapio-l-furanosyl pyrimidine nucleosides were efficiently synthesized starting from d-lactose via condensation of lactitor acetates with silylated pyrimidine bases under standard vorbrüggen conditions. their structures were determined by 1d and 2d nmr spectroscopy. all the synthesized nucleosides were assayed against several viruses such as hiv-1, hbv, hsv-1, hsv-2, and hcmv. however, none of these compounds had any significant antiviral activity at concentrations up to 100 mi ... | 2003 | 12668089 |
| [acyclovir-resistant herpes exulcerans et persistens. type ii]. | immunocompromised patients are developing in an increasing frequency acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex infections. different treatment options need to be evaluated considering the possible side effects in regard to the patients' immunocompromised status. a 73-year-old woman with b-cell lymphatic leukemia with a secondary antibody deficiency syndrome and anemia suffered for one year with perianal ulcerations caused by acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex infection type ii. based on previous report ... | 2003 | 12669211 |
| time course of seroconversion by herpeselect elisa after acquisition of genital herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) or hsv-2. | herpeselect hsv-1 and hsv-2 elisas are glycoprotein g-based, type-specific antibody detection tests that are approved by the us food and drug administration for diagnosis of genital herpes. | 2003 | 12671550 |
| incidence and prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in persons seeking repeat hiv counseling and testing. | voluntary hiv testing sites provide an opportunity to identify and counsel persons with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection, thereby enhancing the prevention of hsv-2 and hiv infections. goal and study design: using serologic specimens left over from hiv testing, we measured hsv-2 prevalence and incidence among persons who had repeatedly tested for hiv at anonymous counseling and testing sites in san francisco during the period october 1997 through march 2000. | 2003 | 12671554 |
| structure-activity relationships of (s,z)-2-aminopurine methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides. variation of purine-6 substituents and activity against herpesviruses and hepatitis b virus. | a series of 13 new (s,z)-2-aminopurine methylenecyclopropane analogues was synthesized, and their antiviral activity was investigated. the nucleophilic displacement of chlorine of 2-amino-6-chloropurine derivative 5 with allyl-, propargyl-, cyclopropylmethyl-, isopropyl-, benzyl-, cyclohexyl-, and 2-hydroxyethylamine gave n(6)-alkyl compounds 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e,2f, and 2g. a similar reaction of 5 with allyl, cyclopropylmethyl, propyl, or pentyl alcohol catalyzed by k(2)co(3) afforded o(6)-alkyl ... | 2003 | 12672254 |
| genotyping of dna using sequence-specific methyltransferases followed by immunochemical detection. | modern molecular genetics relies on the ability to map the positions of genes on chromosomes, relative to known dna markers. the first such dna markers described were restriction fragment length polymorphisms, but any restriction endonuclease used for rflp mapping is just one member of a restriction-modification pair. for each restriction endonuclease, there is a companion methyltransferase (mtase) that has the same dna sequence specificity. therefore, in principle, it should be possible to use ... | 2003 | 12680604 |
| rapid detection of herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus infections by real-time pcr. | the herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) can cause life-threatening infections of the central nervous system and lead to severe infections in immunocompromised subjects and newborns. in these cases, rapid diagnosis is crucial. we developed three different real-time pcr assays based on taqman chemistry for the lightcycler instrument to detect hsv-1, hsv-2, and vzv. when the taqman assays were compared to our in-house nested pcr assays, the test s ... | 2003 | 12682146 |
| t cell immunity to herpes simplex viruses in seronegative subjects: silent infection or acquired immunity? | during the course of investigating t cell responses to hsv among volunteers entering trials of investigational genital herpes vaccines, 6 of the 24 immunocompetent subjects with no prior history of oral/labial or genital herpes possessed hsv-specific t cell immunity but, by multiple determinants of even the most sensitive serological assays, remained seronegative to hsv-1 and -2. of these six immune seronegative (is; hsv-seronegative with hsv-specific t cell responses) subjects, two had transien ... | 2003 | 12682275 |
| isolation and characterization of a sulfated polysaccharide from the brown alga sargassum patens and determination of its anti-herpes activity. | bioactivity-guided fractionation of the hot water extract from the brown alga sargassun patens led to the isolation of a polysaccharide as an antiviral component against herpes simplex viruses which are the cause of cold sores (hsv-1) and genital herpes (hsv-2). the polysaccharide contained a sulfur group that could be present as a sulfate ester. it is thus a sulfated polysaccharide with a molecular mass of about 424 kda, and is designated sp-2a. gas chromatographic assay showed that the polysac ... | 2003 | 12683633 |
| analysis of the interferon status and cytokine profile in patients with genital herpes. | the present work is dedicated to the investigation and complete characterization of the interferon (ifn) and cytokine profile in 8 patients with genital herpes caused by the herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). the control group included 42 healthy individuals. the patients with genital herpes showed a significant reduction in the ability to produce ifn-alpha and a slight decrease in the ability to produce ifn-gamma. at the same time, most of the patients had high titers of circulating plasma if ... | 2002 | 12687260 |
| [use of the nested polymerase chain reaction in the differential diagnosis of human herpes simplex virus]. | herpes is one of the most widespread human viral pathologies. the article depicts a special modification of polymerized chain reaction--(pcr)--(referred to as "nested"), which has a higher sensitivity, specificity and reliability as compared to the ordinary pcr, and which is designed to detect the herpes viruses. the method was initially tested at purified preparation of viral dna, and later--at clinical materials obtained from patients and healthy donors. secretions from the urogenital tract (s ... | 2003 | 12688217 |
| comparison of std prevalences in the mwanza, rakai, and masaka trial populations: the role of selection bias and diagnostic errors. | to assess bias in estimates of std prevalence in population based surveys resulting from diagnostic error and selection bias. to evaluate the effects of such biases on std prevalence estimates from three community randomised trials of std treatment for hiv prevention in masaka and rakai, uganda and mwanza, tanzania. | 2003 | 12690128 |
| the acceptability of the introduction of a type specific herpes antibody screening test into a genitourinary medicine clinic in the united kingdom. | to determine the uptake of a type specific herpes simplex antibody test if it were offered as part of routine screening in a genitourinary medicine clinic in a district general hospital in the united kingdom. | 2003 | 12690134 |
| long term antiviral suppression after treatment for neonatal herpes infection. | 2003 | 12690281 | |
| cloning and expression of the complement receptor glycoprotein c from herpesvirus simiae (herpes b virus): protection from complement-mediated cell lysis. | simian herpes b virus (shbv) is the herpes simplex virus (hsv) homologue for the species macaca: unlike in its natural host, and unlike other animal herpesviruses, shbv causes high mortality in accidentally infected humans. shbv-infected cells, like those infected with hsv-1 and equine herpesvirus types 1 and 4, express complement c3 receptor activity. to study immunoregulatory functions involved in susceptibility/resistance against interspecies transmission, the shbv glycoprotein c (gc(shbv)) g ... | 2003 | 12692273 |
| population-based human papillomavirus prevalence in lampang and songkla, thailand. | to investigate the prevalence and determinants of human papillomavirus (hpv) infection, the primary cause of cervical cancer, we studied 1741 women >/=15 years of age from lampang and songkla, thailand. exfoliated cervical cells were collected for papanicolaou smear screening and dna detection of 36 different hpv types. serum immunoglobulin g antibodies against l1 virus-like particles (anti-vlps) of hpv-16, -18, -31, -33, and -58 were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. overall, 1 ... | 2003 | 12696004 |
| vaginal immunity in the hsv-2 mouse model. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is a sexually transmitted pathogen that infects the genital tract. efforts to develop vaccines to protect women against this and other sexually transmitted pathogens would be facilitated by a better understanding of the immune mechanisms that protect the female reproductive tract against such infections. such information would be invaluable in developing vaccine strategies to promote the type and magnitude of immune responses in the genital tract that would ef ... | 2003 | 12710503 |
| geographical variations in the prevalence of hiv and other sexually transmitted infections in rural tanzania. | the prevalence and incidence of hiv and other sexually transmitted infections (stis) were recorded in two lake-island and eight rural mainland communities in mwanza, tanzania. the prevalence and incidence of hiv and syphilis were lower on the islands, but this pattern was not seen for herpes simplex virus type-2, gonorrhoea, chlamydia, male urethritis or antenatal prevalences of trichomonas vaginalis. island men reported fewer sexual partners than mainland men but no differences were found for w ... | 2003 | 12716499 |
| [herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2]. | 2003 | 12718030 | |
| prevalence and risk factors associated with perianal ulcer in advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | the aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of perianal ulcer in aids patients with advanced disease, and to investigate risk factors associated with these lesions. | 2002 | 12718817 |
| enterocin crl35 inhibits late stages of hsv-1 and hsv-2 replication in vitro. | the replication of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 and 2 in vero cells is inhibited in the presence of enterocin crl35 (ecrl), a bacteriocin produced by enterococcus faecium crl35. attempts to resolve the mode of action of ecrl indicate that virus adsorption and penetration are not affected. instead, a late step of virus multiplication is hindered since the addition of 100 microg/ml of ecrl at 8h post infection still causes a 90% inhibition of virus release. the effect of ecrl on hsv antigen e ... | 2003 | 12719003 |
| sequence and genetic arrangement of the ul region of the monkey b virus (cercopithecine herpesvirus 1) genome and comparison with the ul region of other primate herpesviruses. | the complete dna sequence of the unique long (u(l)) region of monkey b virus (bv) was determined. based on sequence homology and the presence of transcriptional control element motifs, homologues of every open reading frame present in the u(l) region of the human herpesvirus 1 (herpes simplex virus 1, hsv-1) and human herpesvirus 2 (herpes simplex virus 2, hsv-2) genomes were identified in bv. the bv genes are arranged in the same order and orientation as in hsv. these results demonstrate that t ... | 2003 | 12721804 |
| how does herpes simplex virus type 2 influence human immunodeficiency virus infection and pathogenesis? | 2003 | 12721930 | |
| recent herpes simplex virus type 2 infection and the risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 acquisition in india. | to estimate the impact of prevalent and incident herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection on the acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1), stored serum samples from a cohort of 2732 hiv-1-seronegative patients attending 3 sexually transmitted infection clinics and 1 reproductive tract infection clinic in pune, india, were screened for hsv-2-specific antibodies. incident hsv-2 infection was defined serologically as "recent" if a negative result of testing for hsv-2 could be ... | 2003 | 12721931 |
| mollaret's meningitis: cytopathologic analysis of fourteen cases. | mollaret's meningitis (mm) is a rare disease of benign nature characterized by recurrent episodes of aseptic meningitis. cerebrospinal fluid (csf) examination remains the sole diagnostic modality. eighteen csf samples from 14 patients were studied along with the clinical data. specimens were prepared by cytocentrifugation and millipore filtration and were stained with diff-quik and papanicolaou stains. eight patients were men and six were women, with an age range of 17-74 yr (mean age 37 yr). mo ... | 2003 | 12722116 |
| [herpes simplex virus infection]. | 2003 | 12722213 | |
| nitric oxide and hsv vaginal infection in balb/c mice. | here we study the role of nitric oxide in the vaginal infection of balb/c mice with herpes simplex virus type 2. inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) mrna was detected by rt-pcr in vaginal tissue and inguinal lymph nodes early postinfection. inos was also found to be activated in cells recovered from vaginal washings of infected animals. animals treated with aminoguanidine (ag), an inos inhibitor, showed a dose-dependent increase in vaginal pathology after viral infection compared to controls. ... | 2003 | 12726728 |
| emergence of herpes simplex type 1 as the main cause of recurrent genital ulcerative disease in women in northern ireland. | genital herpes is a common infection affecting some 20% of sexually active people. although herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2 can both establish genital latency, reactivation from the sacral ganglia favours hsv-2. over the past decade the incidence of type 1 genital infection in women has greatly increased. | 2003 | 12727525 |
| preclinical evaluation of disc-gmcsf for the treatment of breast carcinoma. | disc-hgmcsf is a gh-deleted hsv-2 based vector expressing human gm-csf that has entered clinical trials for the therapy of metastatic melanoma. to determine whether this product also has potential to treat breast carcinoma, a series of in vitro and in vivo studies were made. | 2003 | 12731089 |