Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| a genetic framework for grain size and shape variation in wheat. | grain morphology in wheat (triticum aestivum) has been selected and manipulated even in very early agrarian societies and remains a major breeding target. we undertook a large-scale quantitative analysis to determine the genetic basis of the phenotypic diversity in wheat grain morphology. a high-throughput method was used to capture grain size and shape variation in multiple mapping populations, elite varieties, and a broad collection of ancestral wheat species. this analysis reveals that grain ... | 2010 | 20363770 |
| pwt1, an avirulence gene of magnaporthe oryzae tightly linked to the rdna locus, is recognized by two staple crops, common wheat and barley. | the pathogenicity to wheat (pwt1) locus conditions host species specificity of magnaporthe oryzae on wheat. gfsi1-7-2 (setaria isolate) carries the avirulence allele (pwt1) at this locus while br48 (triticum isolate) carries the virulence allele (pwt1). an f(1) culture derived from a cross between gfsi1-7-2 and br48 was backcrossed with br48 to produce a tester population in which pwt1 alone segregated. when hexaploid wheat lines were inoculated with the bc(1)f(1) testers, they were all resistan ... | 2010 | 20373964 |
| hydrolysis and speciation of al bound to pectin and plant cell wall material and its reaction with the dye chrome azurol s. | hydrolysis of aluminum (al) in solution increases at ph >or= 4 and with an al concentration. pectin, an important anionic polysaccharide of plant cell walls, adsorbs al, but this phenomenon is poorly understood. this study showed that al(3+) hydrolysis results in binding of al to pectin in excess of the stoichiometric equivalent, leading to oversaturation of the pectin with al. however, the degree of pectin methyl-esterification did not affect the extent of al hydrolysis. binding of al to purifi ... | 2010 | 20380374 |
| evolution of domesticated bread wheat. | 2010 | 20382836 | |
| [ability of winter wheat plants to become hardened against frost related to peculiarities of carbon dioxide exchange, biomass synthesis, and various forms of water-soluble carbohydrates]. | the donor-acceptor relation (dar) in a plant under cold exposure to frost was studied in the plants of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) mironovskaya 808 cultivar and its allocytoplasmatic hybrid containing alien cytoplasm of goat grass (aegilops ovata l.) and grown in a water culture until phenophase, from two leaves until branching. the alteration of dar was processed by treatment of plant with solutions of diuron and paraquat the photosynthesis inhibitors, keeping plants in the dark, changi ... | 2010 | 20387387 |
| 2-d dige reveals changes in wheat xylanase inhibitor protein families due to fusarium graminearum deltatri5 infection and grain development. | wheat contains three different classes of proteinaceous xylanase inhibitors (xis), i.e. triticum aestivum xylanase inhibitors (taxis) xylanase-inhibiting proteins (xips), and thaumatin-like xylanase inhibitors (tlxis) which are believed to act as a defensive barrier against phytopathogenic attack. in the absence of relevant data in wheat kernels, we here examined the response of the different members of the xi protein population to infection with a deltatri5 mutant of fusarium graminearum, the w ... | 2010 | 20391529 |
| [effects of long-term ozone exposure on chlorophyll a fluorescence and gas exchange of winter-wheat leaves]. | in order to provide basis for evaluating the effects of air pollutant such as o3 on crops yield and food security, the effects of o3 fumigation (ambient air, ck; 100 nl x l(-1), t1; 150 nl x l(-1), t2) on chlorophyll a fluorescence and gas exchange of a field-grown winter-wheat (triticum aestivum l. yang mai 13) in different growing period were conducted via open-top chamber technique in conjunction with diving-pam fluorometer and lc pro + photosynthesis system. results indicated that fv/fm caus ... | 2010 | 20391720 |
| effect of different iron compounds on wheat and gluten-free breads. | iron fortification of bread often results in sub-optimal quality of the final product due to undesirable changes in the physical characteristics and sensory properties of the bread. in this study both the form of iron (soluble, insoluble or encapsulated) and the type of bread (wheat or gluten-free) were varied in order to investigate the effect of iron and gluten on the product characteristics. | 2010 | 20393994 |
| effects of soil polycyclic musk and cadmium on pollutant uptake and biochemical responses of wheat (triticum aestivum). | the single and joint toxicological effects of ahtn and cadmium (cd) on early developmental stages of wheat, including ahtn and cd uptake, chlorophyll (chl), malondialdehyde (mda), superoxide dismutase (sod), and peroxidase (pod) contents in the seedlings, were investigated. uptake of ahtn or cd by seedlings increased with an increase in the concentrations of ahtn and cd in soil. the presence of cd inhibited the uptake of ahtn in wheat seedlings, while the low concentration of ahtn could induce t ... | 2010 | 20396873 |
| identification of quantitative trait loci for aba responsiveness at the seedling stage associated with aba-regulated gene expression in common wheat. | responsiveness to abscisic acid (aba) during vegetative growth plays an important role in regulating adaptive responses to various environmental conditions, including activation of a number of aba-responsive genes. however, the relationship between gene expression and responsiveness to aba at the seedling stage has not been well studied in wheat. in the present study, quantitative trait locus (qtl) analysis for aba responsiveness at the seedling stage was performed using recombinant inbred lines ... | 2010 | 20401645 |
| energy efficiency of conventional, organic, and alternative cropping systems for food and fuel at a site in the u.s. midwest. | the prospect of biofuel production on a large scale has focused attention on energy efficiencies associated with different agricultural systems and production goals. we used 17 years of detailed data on agricultural practices and yields to calculate an energy balance for different cropping systems under both food and fuel scenarios. we compared four grain and one forage systems in the u.s. midwest: corn (zea mays) - soybean (glycine max) - wheat (triticum aestivum) rotations managed with (1) con ... | 2010 | 20402534 |
| molecular markers based on ltr retrotransposons bare-1 and jeli uncover different strata of evolutionary relationships in diploid wheats. | molecular markers based on retrotransposon insertions are widely used for various applications including phylogenetic analysis. multiple cases were described where retrotransposon-based markers, namely sequence-specific amplification polymorphism (ssap), were superior to other marker types in resolving the phylogenetic relationships due to their higher variability and informativeness. however, the patterns of evolutionary relationships revealed by ssap may be dependent on the underlying retrotra ... | 2010 | 20407790 |
| discovery and expression profile analysis of ap2/erf family genes from triticum aestivum. | throughout its development, common wheat, triticum aestivum responds to different kinds of adverse abiotic and biotic stress by expressing specific genes that allow it to adapt to these stresses. in this process, genes in the ap2/erf family encode transcriptional regulators involved in diverse developmental and physiological processes play critical roles. here, we established an extensive picture of the ap2/erf family genes in wheat. from 960, 174 ests of t. aestivum, 117 putative ap2/erf family ... | 2011 | 20407836 |
| two-stage hydrothermal processing of wheat (triticum aestivum) bran for the production of feruloylated arabinoxylooligosaccharides. | two-stage hydrothermal processing was employed to obtain feruloylated arabinoxylooligosaccharides (axos) from wheat bran. first, wheat bran in water (10% w/w solids) was heated to 130 degrees c, releasing 36.3% of total solids, 70.3% of starch, and 6.06% of pentose sugars. wheat bran was then heated to 170-220 degrees c. heating to 200 and 210 degrees c released the most axos (70% of the insoluble arabinoxylan) and esterified ferulate (30% of the initial ferulic acid). treatment of 200 degrees c ... | 2010 | 20408584 |
| dissection of barley chromosome 4h in common wheat by the gametocidal system and cytological mapping of chromosome 4h with est markers. | we used two gametocidal (gc) chromosomes 2c and 3c(sat) to dissect barley chromosome 4h added to common wheat. the gc chromosome induced chromosomal structural rearrangements in the progeny of the 4h addition line of common wheat carrying the monosomic gc chromosome. we conducted in situ hybridization to select plants carrying rearranged 4h chromosomes and characterized the rearranged chromosomes by sequential c-banding and in situ hybridization. we established 60 dissection lines of common whea ... | 2010 | 20410662 |
| molecular mapping of the suppressor gene igc1 to the gametocidal gene gc3-c1 in common wheat. | several species of the genus aegilops, wild relatives of wheat (triticum aestivum, 2n = 6x = 42, aabbdd) carry gametocidal (gc) genes. gc genes kill the gametes without themselves by causing chromosomal breakage during post-meiotic cell divisions, and therefore are strong segregation distorters. the gc gene gc3-c1 derived from chromosome 3c of ae. triuncialis (2n = 4x = 28, ccuu) induces chromosomal breakage in wheat cultivar 'chinese spring' (cs) but not in cultivar 'norin 26' (n26). this culti ... | 2010 | 20410664 |
| the mechanism of boron mobility in wheat and canola phloem. | low-molecular-weight borate complexes were isolated from canola (brassica napus) and wheat (triticum aestivum) phloem exudates, as well as the cytoplasm of the fresh-water alga chara corallina, and identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. phloem exudate was collected from field-grown canola inflorescence stalks by shallow incision, while wheat phloem exudate was collected by aphid stylectomy. chara cytoplasm was collected by careful manual se ... | 2010 | 20413647 |
| structural and functional relationship between the ph1 locus protein 5b2 in wheat and cdk2 in mammals. | the ph1 locus in hexaploid wheat is responsible for restricting chromosome pairing at meiosis to true homologues by suppressing homoeologous pairing. based on detailed modelling studies and predicted ability to form complexes with cyclin-a and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor such as p27, triticum aestivum-5b2 (( ta ) 5b2) is suggested to be a wheat analogue of human cdk2 enzyme. a blast analysis of the protein data bank using the amino acid sequence of the protein expressed by the 5b2 copy of ... | 2010 | 20422243 |
| quality determination of nickel-loaded silica prepared from poaceous biomass. | klason lignin or preacid hydrolysate of a poaceous biomass such as rice husk, rice straw ( oryza sativa ), and wheat straw ( triticum aestivum ) became a good source of highly pure silica by simple calcinations in the testing process for application of high-boiling solvent (hbs) pulping of agricultural byproduct. especially, klason lignin or preacid hydrolysis residue of rice husks offered highly purified silica, which was converted to an excellent ni/sio(2) catalyst for methanation of carbon di ... | 2010 | 20423088 |
| photosynthesis and yield reductions from wheat stem sawfly (hymenoptera: cephidae): interactions with wheat solidness, water stress, and phosphorus deficiency. | the impact of herbivory on plants is variable and influenced by several factors. the current study examined causes of variation in the impact of larval stem mining by the wheat stem sawfly, cephus cinctus norton (hymenoptera: cephidae), on spring wheat, triticum aestivum l. we performed greenhouse experiments over 2 yr to (1) study whether biotic (hollow versus solid stemmed host wheat) and abiotic (water, phosphorus stress) factors interact with c. cinctus stem mining to influence degree of min ... | 2010 | 20429469 |
| oddsoc2 is a mads box floral repressor that is down-regulated by vernalization in temperate cereals. | in temperate cereals, such as wheat (triticum aestivum) and barley (hordeum vulgare), the transition to reproductive development can be accelerated by prolonged exposure to cold (vernalization). we examined the role of the grass-specific mads box gene oddsoc2 (os2) in the vernalization response in cereals. the barley os2 gene (hvos2) is expressed in leaves and shoot apices but is repressed by vernalization. vernalization represses os2 independently of vernalization1 (vrn1) in a vrn1 deletion mut ... | 2010 | 20431086 |
| reaction of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars to infection with fusarium spp.: mycotoxin contamination in grain and chaff. | this study compares the susceptibility of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars to fusarium head blight (fhb) and accumulation of mycotoxins in kernels and chaff under different climatic conditions in two locations-cerekwica near poznan (central west poland) and sitaniec, near zamosc, lublin region (south east poland). very high variations were found in the concentrations of mycotoxins (zearalenone, zea; nivalenol, niv; deoxynivalenol, don; moniliformin, mon) in examined fractions: fusar ... | 2010 | 20432094 |
| dosage effect of the short arm of chromosome 1 of rye on root morphology and anatomy in bread wheat. | the spontaneous translocation of the short arm of chromosome 1 of rye (1rs) in bread wheat is associated with higher root biomass and grain yield. recent studies have confirmed the presence of qtl for different root morphological traits on the 1rs arm in bread wheat. this study was conducted to address two questions in wheat root genetics. first, does the presence of the 1rs arm in bread wheat affect its root anatomy? second, how does root morphology and anatomy of bread wheat respond to differe ... | 2010 | 20444906 |
| transfer to wheat (triticum aestivum) of small chromosome segments from rye (secale cereale) carrying disease resistance genes. | one hundred wheat lines, derived from monosomic additions of chromosome 1r of rye inbred line r12 (chinese rye), were detected by pcr amplification using rye-specific primer pairs. only 5 wheat lines, 1r296, 1r330, 1r314, 1r725, and 1r734, were determined to contain rye chromatin. while 1r296 and 1r330 were highly susceptible to stripe rust and powdery mildew, 1r314, 1r725 and 1r734 were highly resistant to both diseases. acid-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the omega-secalin band ... | 2010 | 20453298 |
| molecular cytogenetic evaluation of chromosome instability in triticum aestivum-secale cereale disomic addition lines. | the genetic stability of wheat/rye ('chinese spring'/'imperial') disomic addition lines was checked using the feulgen method and fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish). feulgen staining detected varying proportions of disomic, monosomic, and telosomic plants among the progenies of the disomic addition lines. the greatest stability was observed for the 7r addition line, while the most unstable lines were those with 2r and 4r additions. chromosome rearrangements were also detected using fish. ba ... | 2010 | 20453302 |
| genome structure of introgressive lines triticum aestivum/aegilops sharonensis. | the lines triticum aestivum/aegilops sharonensis were explored in regard to the presence of introgressions in the line genomes, their amount and belonging to definite homoeologic group. the results of studying of chromosome associations in m1 of pollen mother celles in the hybrids between the lines with each other and with recurrent common wheat genotype avrora were compared with the data of the line assessment for the chromosomal biochemical and morphological markers. 26 lines were distinguishe ... | 2010 | 20458978 |
| variability in xylanase and xylanase inhibition activities in different cereals in the healthgrain diversity screen and contribution of environment and genotype to this variability in common wheat. | endo-1,4-beta-d-xylanases (ec 3.2.1.8, xylanases) and xylanase inhibitors, that is, taxi (triticum aestivum xylanase inhibitor), xip (xylanase inhibiting protein), and tlxi (thaumatin-like xylanase inhibitor) type xylanase inhibitors, which naturally occur in cereals, are believed to be at the basis of a significant part of the variability in biotechnological functional properties of cereals. xylanase inhibitors in particular affect grain functionality during processing and in animal feeds when ... | 2010 | 20462210 |
| protective response of 28-homobrassinolide in cultivars of triticum aestivum with different levels of nickel. | seeds of five wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars (pbw-373, up-2338, dl-lok-01, dl-373, and hd-2338) were sown in earthen pots and 10-day-old seedlings were exposed to 0, 50, and 100 μm of nickel (ni) in the form of nickel chloride. at the 20-day stage, seedlings were sprayed with 0.01 μm of 28-homobrassinolide (hbl). the results of the experiment at the 30-day stage revealed a decline in the dry mass per plant, leaf area, leaf water potential, and net photosynthetic rate with concomitant declin ... | 2011 | 20464550 |
| assessment of genotoxic effects of boron on wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) by using rapd analysis. | in boron-rich soils of turkey, boron tolerant wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and sensitive bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) are most widely cultivated crops. in this study they have been studied to elucidate the probable genotoxic effects of boron by using rapd analysis. during the study, root and stem lengths have been measured and inhibitory rates (%) of root growth have been found to be significant, starting from 10 (13%) and 5 ppm (19%) for wheat and bean, respectively, which is in strong correlat ... | 2010 | 20467724 |
| effect of 2,4-d and isoproturon on chromosomal disturbances during mitotic division in root tip cells of triticum aestivum l. | the widespread use of the herbicides for weed control and crop productivity in modern agriculture exert a threat on economically important crops by way of cytological damage to the cells of the crop plant or side effects, if any, induced by the herbicides. in the present communication, author describes the effects of 2,4-d and isoproturon on chromosomal morphology in mitotic cells of triticum aestivum l. the wheat seedlings were treated with range of concentrations (50-1200 ppm) of 2,4-d and iso ... | 2013 | 20480806 |
| extraction and proteome analysis of starch granule-associated proteins in mature wheat kernel (triticum aestivum l.). | starch consists of the two glucose polymers, amylose and amylopectin, and is deposited as semicrystalline granules inside plastids. the starch granule proteome is particularly challenging to study due to the amount of interfering compounds (sugars, storage proteins), the very low starch granule-associated protein content and also the dynamic range of abundant proteins. here we present the protocol for extraction and 2-de of wheat starch granule-associated proteins whose most important steps are: ... | 2010 | 20481496 |
| sodium exclusion qtl associated with improved seedling growth in bread wheat under salinity stress. | worldwide, dryland salinity is a major limitation to crop production. breeding for salinity tolerance could be an effective way of improving yield and yield stability on saline-sodic soils of dryland agriculture. however, this requires a good understanding of inheritance of this quantitative trait. in the present study, a doubled-haploid bread wheat population (berkut/krichauff) was grown in supported hydroponics to identify quantitative trait loci (qtl) associated with salinity tolerance traits ... | 2010 | 20490443 |
| molecular characterization and comparative transcriptional analysis of lmw-m-type genes from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and aegilops species. | twelve new lmw-gs genes were characterized from bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivar zhongyou 9507 and five aegilops species by as-pcr. these genes belong to the lmw-m type and can be classified into two subclasses designated as 1 and 2, with the latter predominant in both wheat and related wild species. genes in the two subclasses were significantly different from each other in snps and indels variations. in comparison to subclass 1, the structural features of subclass 2 differs in posse ... | 2010 | 20490445 |
| a myb gene from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is up-regulated during salt and drought stresses and differentially regulated between salt-tolerant and sensitive genotypes. | crop adaptation to abiotic stresses requires alterations in expression of a large number of stress protection genes and their regulators, including transcription factors. in this study, the expression levels of ten myb transcription factor genes from wheat (triticum aestivum) were examined in two recombinant inbred lines contrasting in their salt tolerance in response to salt or drought stress. quantitative rt-pcr analysis revealed that four myb genes were consistently up-regulated in the seedli ... | 2010 | 20490502 |
| development of genome-specific primers for homoeologous genes in allopolyploid species: the waxy and starch synthase ii genes in allohexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) as examples. | in allopolypoid crops, homoeologous genes in different genomes exhibit a very high sequence similarity, especially in the coding regions of genes. this makes it difficult to design genome-specific primers to amplify individual genes from different genomes. development of genome-specific primers for agronomically important genes in allopolypoid crops is very important and useful not only for the study of sequence diversity and association mapping of genes in natural populations, but also for the ... | 2010 | 20497560 |
| genetic dissection of the developmental behaviours of plant height in wheat under diverse water regimes. | plant height (ph), a crucial trait related to yield potential in crop plants, is known to be typically quantitatively inherited. however, its full expression can be inhibited by a limited water supply. in this study, the genetic basis of the developmental behaviour of ph was assessed in a 150-line wheat (triticum aestivum l.) doubled haploid population (hanxuan 10 x lumai 14) grown in 10 environments (year x site x water regime combinations) by unconditional and conditional quantitative trait lo ... | 2010 | 20497970 |
| low red/far-red ratios delay spike and stem growth in wheat. | the responses to low red light/far-red light (r/fr) ratios simulating dense stands were evaluated in wheat (triticum aestivum l) cultivars released at different times in the 20th century and consequently resulting from an increasingly prolonged breeding and selection history. while tillering responses to the r/fr ratio were unaffected by the cultivars, low r/fr ratios reduced grain yield per plant (primarily grain number and secondarily grain weight per plant) particularly in modern cultivars. l ... | 2010 | 20497971 |
| a method to produce radiation hybrids for the d-genome chromosomes of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | radiation hybrid (rh) mapping is based on radiation-induced chromosome breakage rather than meiotic recombination, as a means to induce marker segregation for mapping. to date, the implementation of this mapping approach in hexaploid (triticum aestivum l.; 2n = 6x = 42; aabbdd) and tetraploid (t. turgidum l.; 2n = 4x = 28; aabb) wheat has concentrated on the production of mapping panels for individual chromosomes. in order to extend the usefulness of this approach, we have devised a method to pr ... | 2010 | 20501975 |
| development of chromosome-specific bac resources for genomics of bread wheat. | the large bread wheat genome (1c approximately 17 gbp) contains a preponderance of repetitive dna and the species is polyploid. these characteristics together serve to hamper the molecular analysis of the wheat genome. its complexity can, however, be reduced by using flow cytometry to isolate individual chromosomes, and these can be exploited to construct chromosome-specific bac libraries. such libraries simplify the task of physical map construction, positional cloning and the targeted developm ... | 2010 | 20501977 |
| genotypic variation in drought stress response and subsequent recovery of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | three wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes, sadovo, katya and prelom, with different tolerance to drought were comparatively evaluated in terms of leaf respiratory responses to progressing dehydration and consecutive rewatering. under drought stress, the respiration of all varieties gradually decreased, as the drought-tolerant katya showed the most pronounced decline at earlier stages of dehydration. when water stress intensified, this genotype gave relatively stable respiration rates compared ... | 2011 | 20502935 |
| stagonospora nodorum: cause of stagonospora nodorum blotch of wheat. | summary stagonospora nodorum is an important pathogen of wheat and related cereals, causing both a leaf and glume blotch. this review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of taxonomy, control and pathogenicity of this species. taxonomy: stagonospora (syn. septoria) nodorum (berk.) castell. and germano [teleomorph: phaeosphaeria (syn. leptosphaeria) nodorum (müll.) hedjar.], kingdom fungi, phylum ascomycota, subphylum euascomycota, class dothideomycetes, order pleosporales, family phae ... | 2006 | 20507435 |
| a highly conserved gene island of three genes on chromosome 3b of hexaploid wheat: diverse gene function and genomic structure maintained in a tightly linked block. | the complexity of the wheat genome has resulted from waves of retrotransposable element insertions. gene deletions and disruptions generated by the fast replacement of repetitive elements in wheat have resulted in disruption of colinearity at a micro (sub-megabase) level among the cereals. in view of genomic changes that are possible within a given time span, conservation of genes between species tends to imply an important functional or regional constraint that does not permit a change in genom ... | 0 | 20507561 |
| wheat beta-expansin (expb11) genes: identification of the expressed gene on chromosome 3bs carrying a pollen allergen domain. | expansins form a large multi-gene family found in wheat and other cereal genomes that are involved in the expansion of cell walls as a tissue grows. the expansin family can be divided up into two main groups, namely, alpha-expansin (expa) and beta-expansin proteins (expb), with the expb group being of particular interest as group 1-pollen allergens. | 2010 | 20507562 |
| polyphenol content of modern and old varieties of triticum aestivum l. and t. durum desf. grains in two years of production. | antiradical activity and total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of modern and old varieties of durum (9 varieties) and soft (17 varieties) wheat grains, sampled over two years (summer 2007 and 2008) in the same site, were determined in order to point out differences among varieties and between old and modern varieties. nine compounds were identified by means of hplc/ms, and their amount was determined. no correlation was found between antiradical activity and polyphenol or flavonoid contents. t ... | 2010 | 20509660 |
| water extract of triticum aestivum l. and its components demonstrate protective effect in a model of vascular dementia. | although vascular dementia is the second leading cause of dementia and often underdiagnosed, there are no drugs yet approved for the treatment of vascular dementia. in this study, it is demonstrated that water extract of triticum aestivum l. (tale) and some of its components have protective effects against vascular dementia-induced damage by preserving the myelin sheath and inhibiting astrocytic activation. the memory test used a vascular dementia model utilizing bilateral ligation of the caroti ... | 2010 | 20521983 |
| the protein disulfide isomerase gene family in bread wheat (t. aestivum l.). | the protein disulfide isomerase (pdi) gene family encodes several pdi and pdi-like proteins containing thioredoxin domains and controlling diversified metabolic functions, including disulfide bond formation and isomerisation during protein folding. genomic, cdna and promoter sequences of the three homologous wheat genes encoding the "typical" pdi had been cloned and characterized in a previous work. the purpose of present research was the cloning and characterization of the complete set of genes ... | 2010 | 20525253 |
| molecular markers show a complex mosaic pattern of wheat-thinopyrum intermedium translocations carrying resistance to ydv. | thinopyrum intermedium translocations derived from the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) substitution line p-29 were previously characterized by rflp. we have further analyzed these lines and additional related germplasm with publicly available sts and ssrs. primers which showed a polymorphism between wheat and p-29, were tested in all recombinant and nulli-tetrasomic lines confirming their position on chromosome 7d. the resulting 7d/7e chromosome maps appeared as a mosaic of wheat and th. intermediu ... | 2010 | 20526575 |
| integrative study on proteomics, molecular physiology, and genetics reveals an accumulation of cyclophilin-like protein, tacyp20-2, leading to an increase of rht protein and dwarf in a novel ga-insensitive mutant (gaid) in wheat. | dwarfism with a "green revolution" phenotype is a desirable agronomic trait for crop cultivators as associated with increased yield, improved lodging resistance and higher fertility. few dwarf mutants of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum), except for rht-b1 and rht-d1, have been identified. here, we report on a novel dwarf natural wheat mutant, which is identified as a gibberellic acid (ga)-insensitive dwarf (gaid) mutant for its semidominant blocking ga signaling pathway. physiological and mor ... | 2010 | 20527814 |
| wheat (triticum aestivum l.) response to a zinc fertilizer applied as zinc lignosulfonate adhered to a npk fertilizer. | the efficacy as zn fertilizers for wheat of zinc lignosulfonate (znls) products adhered to npk was evaluated by three plant experimental designs. in the first and second assays, wheat plants were grown under controlled conditions with perlite and a calcareous soil as substrate, respectively. shoot dry matter and zn concentration showed that npk + znls was a better zn source for wheat than npk + znso(4) under our experimental conditions. a third experiment was conducted under field conditions on ... | 2010 | 20527916 |
| inbreeding depression and low between-population heterosis in recently diverged experimental populations of a selfing species. | in fragmented populations, genetic drift and selection reduce genetic diversity, which in turn results in a loss of fitness or in a loss of evolvability. genetic rescue, that is, controlled input of diversity from distant populations, may restore evolutionary potential, whereas outbreeding depression might counteract the positive effect of this strategy. we carried out self-pollination and crosses within and between populations in an experimental subdivided population of a selfing species, triti ... | 2011 | 20531445 |
| genetic relationships between resistances to fusarium head blight and crown rot in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | fusarium head blight (fhb) and crown rot (cr) are two wheat diseases caused by the same fusarium pathogens. progress towards cr resistance could benefit from fhb-resistant germplasm if the same genes are involved in resistance to these two different diseases. two independent studies were conducted to investigate the relationship between host resistances to these two diseases. in the first study 32 genotypes were assessed and no significant correlation between their reactions to fhb and cr was de ... | 2010 | 20535443 |
| [chromosomal location of specific and nonspecific components of polygenic resistance to brown rust in common wheat]. | the genetic nature of polygenic resistance of common wheat to a causative agent of brown rust was studied. it was established, using ditelosomic lines (dt) of the cultivar chinese spring, that the majority of examined chromosome arms participate in differential interactions with the pathogen during formation of basic traits of polygenic resistance: the number of pustules (np) per 1 cm2 of leaf area, the mean spore formation ability of pustule (msfap), the mean spore formation ability of fungus p ... | 2010 | 20536016 |
| [analysis of spike productivity traits in near-isogenic lines of the common wheat cultivar saratovskaya 29 carrying alien marker genes]. | six near-isogenic lines of the wheat cultivar saratovskaya 29 carrying five marker genes from different species (triticum compactum l., t. polonicum l., t. petropavlovskyi udacz. et migusch., aegilops elongatum host. and secale cereale l.) were studied. it was shown that the introduced marker genes of taxonomic significance, c and p, have strong pleiotropic effects on quantitative traits of the spike productivity. | 2010 | 20536017 |
| development of a novel aluminum tolerance phenotyping platform used for comparisons of cereal aluminum tolerance and investigations into rice aluminum tolerance mechanisms. | the genetic and physiological mechanisms of aluminum (al) tolerance have been well studied in certain cereal crops, and al tolerance genes have been identified in sorghum (sorghum bicolor) and wheat (triticum aestivum). rice (oryza sativa) has been reported to be highly al tolerant; however, a direct comparison of rice and other cereals has not been reported, and the mechanisms of rice al tolerance are poorly understood. to facilitate al tolerance phenotyping in rice, a high-throughput imaging s ... | 0 | 20538888 |
| temporal and spatial changes in cell wall composition in developing grains of wheat cv. hereward. | a combination of enzyme mapping, ft-ir microscopy and nmr spectroscopy was used to study temporal and spatial aspects of endosperm cell wall synthesis and deposition in developing grain of bread wheat cv. hereward. this confirmed previous reports that changes in the proportions of the two major groups of cell wall polysaccharides occur, with beta-glucan accumulating earlier in development than arabinoxylan. changes in the structure of the arabinoxylan occurred, with decreased proportions of disu ... | 2010 | 20549231 |
| molecular and cytological characterization of an extra acrocentric chromosome that restores male fertility of wheat in the msh1 cms system. | a new cms system designated as 'msh1' has been reported in bread wheat using the cytoplasm of h. chilense. while testing this system in different wheat backgrounds, a highly fertile line with chromosome number 42 plus an extra acrocentric chromosome was obtained. the extra chromosome did not pair with any wheat chromosome at meiosis, and progeny from this line which lack the acrocentric chromosome showed pollen abortion and male sterility. in order to establish the origin of this chromosome, fis ... | 2010 | 20549484 |
| a comparative analysis of chromosome pairing at metaphase i in interspecific hybrids between durum wheat (triticum turgidum l.) and the most widespread aegilops species. | homoeologous metaphase i (mi) associations in hybrids between durum wheat and its wild allotetraploid relatives aegilops neglecta, ae. triuncialis and ae. ventricosa have been characterized by a genomic in situ hybridization procedure that allows simultaneous discrimination of a, b and wild species genomes. earlier results in equivalent hybrids with the wild species ae. cylindrica and ae. geniculata have also been considered to comparatively assay the mi pairing pattern of the durum wheat x aegi ... | 2010 | 20551603 |
| a cytological map of the short arm of rye chromosome 1r constructed with 1r dissection stocks of common wheat and pcr-based markers. | the short arm of rye chromosome 1r (1rs) is introduced into many common wheat cultivars because of its agronomic importance. the gametocidal system has been used to produce dissection lines carrying segments of rye chromosome 1r. we focused on establishing more dissection lines for 1rs and on obtaining pcr-based markers specific to 1rs. we established 66 1rs dissection lines carrying 1rs segments of chromosome 1r derived from a common wheat cultivar 'burgas 2' and obtained 27 markers. we conduct ... | 2010 | 20551617 |
| an introgression on wheat chromosome 4dl in rl6077 (thatcher*6/pi 250413) confers adult plant resistance to stripe rust and leaf rust (lr67). | adult plant resistance (apr) to leaf rust and stripe rust derived from the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) line pi250413 was previously identified in rl6077 (=thatcher*6/pi250413). the leaf rust resistance gene in rl6077 is phenotypically similar to lr34 which is located on chromosome 7d. it was previously hypothesized that the gene in rl6077 could be lr34 translocated to another chromosome. hybrids between rl6077 and thatcher and between rl6077 and 7ds and 7dl ditelocentric stocks were examined fo ... | 2010 | 20552325 |
| physical mapping of a large plant genome using global high-information-content-fingerprinting: the distal region of the wheat ancestor aegilops tauschii chromosome 3ds. | physical maps employing libraries of bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) clones are essential for comparative genomics and sequencing of large and repetitive genomes such as those of the hexaploid bread wheat. the diploid ancestor of the d-genome of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum), aegilops tauschii, is used as a resource for wheat genomics. the barley diploid genome also provides a good model for the triticeae and t. aestivum since it is only slightly larger than the ancestor wheat d geno ... | 2010 | 20553621 |
| searching for wheat plants with low toxicity in celiac disease: between direct toxicity and immunologic activation. | natural or induced variations in the noxiousness of gluten proteins for celiac disease (cd) patients are currently being investigated for their potential in breeding wheat crops with reduced toxicity. | 2011 | 20554485 |
| development of oat-based markers from barley and wheat microsatellites. | although microsatellites are an efficient and reliable genetic marker system, availability is limited in cultivated oat (avena sativa l.). previous research has suggested that microsatellites from related species may be adapted to oat. this study investigated the stability of existing oat microsatellites, sequenced polymorphic oat amplicons derived from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and barley (hordeum vulgare l.) primers, and redesigned primers to develop oat-based markers. we evaluated 161 publ ... | 2010 | 20555435 |
| molecular characterization of the celiac disease epitope domains in α-gliadin genes in aegilops tauschii and hexaploid wheats (triticum aestivum l.). | nineteen novel full-orf α-gliadin genes and 32 pseudogenes containing at least one stop codon were cloned and sequenced from three aegilops tauschii accessions (t15, t43 and t26) and two bread wheat cultivars (gaocheng 8901 and zhongyou 9507). analysis of three typical α-gliadin genes (gli-at4, gli-g1 and gli-z4) revealed some indels and a considerable number of snps among them. most of the pseudogenes were resulted from c to t change, leading to the generation of tag or taa in-frame stop codon. ... | 2010 | 20556595 |
| genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium studies on a 3.1-mb genomic region of chromosome 3b in european and asian bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) populations. | genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium (ld) were investigated in 376 asian and european accessions of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). after a first and rapid screening about diversity and genetic structure at the whole genome scale using 70 simple sequence repeats (ssrs), we focused on a sequenced contig (ctg954) of 3.1 mb located on the short arm of chromosome 3b of cv. chinese spring, using 32 ssrs and 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms. this contig is part of a multiple fungal resis ... | 2010 | 20559816 |
| antioxidant response of wheat roots to drought acclimation. | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings of a drought-resistant cv. c306 were subjected to severe water deficit directly or through stress cycles of increasing intensity with intermittent recovery periods. the antioxidant defense in terms of redox metabolites and enzymes in root cells and mitochondria was examined in relation to membrane damage. acclimated seedlings exhibited higher relative water content and were able to limit the accumulation of h(2)o(2) and membrane damage during subsequent sev ... | 2010 | 20559854 |
| bioaccessible mineral content of malted finger millet (eleusine coracana), wheat (triticum aestivum), and barley (hordeum vulgare). | malted grains are extensively used in weaning and geriatric foods. malting generally improves the nutrient content and digestibility of foods. the present investigation examined the influence of malting of finger millet, wheat, and barley on the bioaccessibility of iron, zinc, calcium, copper, and manganese. malting increased the bioaccessibility of iron by >3-fold from the two varieties of finger millet and by >2-fold from wheat, whereas such a beneficial influence was not seen in barley. the b ... | 2010 | 20560601 |
| hfr-2, a wheat cytolytic toxin-like gene, is up-regulated by virulent hessian fly larval feedingdouble dagger. | summary both yield and grain-quality are dramatically decreased when susceptible wheat (triticum aestivum) plants are infested by hessian fly (mayetiola destructor) larvae. examination of the changes in wheat gene expression during infestation by virulent hessian fly larvae has identified the up-regulation of a gene, hessian fly responsive-2 (hfr-2), which contains regions similar to genes encoding seed-specific agglutinin proteins from amaranthus. hfr-2, however, did not accumulate in developin ... | 2005 | 20565667 |
| [cloning and phylogenetic analysis of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit genes at glu-b3 locus in common wheat relative species]. | the common wheat relative species are important germplasm for wheat breeding. in the present study, novel allelic variants at glu-b3 locus were cloned to provide gene resources for wheat quality improvement. four glu-b3-locus specific primer sets lb1f/lb1r, lb2f/lb2r, lb3f/lb3r, and lb4f/lb4r were employed to isolate novel allelic variants of glub3-1, glub3-2, glub3-3, and glub3-4 from seven common wheat relative species, i.e., t. durum, t. dicoccum, t. dicoccoides, aegilops longissima, ae. sear ... | 2010 | 20566466 |
| habitat affinity of resident natural enemies of the invasive aphis glycines (hemiptera: aphididae), on soybean, with comments on biological control. | we integrated a natural enemy survey of the broader landscape into a more traditional survey for aphis glycines matsumura (hemiptera: aphididae), parasitoids and predatory flies on soybean using a. glycines-infested soybean, glycine max (l.) merr., placed in cropped and noncropped plant systems to complement visual field observations. across three sites and 5 yr, 18 parasitoids and predatory flies in total (hymenoptera: aphelinidae [two species] and bracondae [seven species], diptera: cecidomyii ... | 2010 | 20568602 |
| variation of resistance in barley against biotypes 1 and 2 of the russian wheat aphid (hemiptera: aphididae). | the russian wheat aphid, diruaphis noxia (kurdjumov) (hemiptera: aphididae), is globally one of the most devastating pests of bread wheat, tritium aestivum l.; durum wheat, triticum turgidum l.; and barley, hordeum vulgare l. host plant resistance is the foundation for cereal insect pest management programs, and several sources of d. noxia resistance have been incorporated in cultivars to manage d. noxia damage. the emergence of d. noxia north american biotype 2 (rwa2) in colorado has made all k ... | 2010 | 20568641 |
| global phylogenetics of diuraphis noxia (hemiptera: aphididae), an invasive aphid species: evidence for multiple invasions into north america. | the russian wheat aphid, diruaphis noxia (kudjumov) (hemiptera: aphididae), is globally one of the most devastating pests of bread wheat, tritium aestivum l., durum wheat, triticum turgidum l., and barley, hordeum vulgare l. several sources of d. noxia resistance have been incorporated in commercial wheat and barley genotypes, but up to eight virulent biotypes, defined based on their ability to damage different wheat and barley genotypes, now occur across the western united states since the firs ... | 2010 | 20568643 |
| mortality of four stored product pests in stored wheat when exposed to doses of three entomopathogenic nematodes. | the insecticidal effect of heterorhabditis bacteriophora poinar (nematoda: heterorhabditidae), steinernema carpocapsae (weiser) (nematoda: steinernematidae), and steinernema feltiae (filipjev) (nematoda: steinernematidae) against mediterranean flour moth, ephestia kuehniella (zeller) (lepidoptera: pyralidae) (larvae), lesser grain borer, rhyzopertha dominica (f.) (coleoptera: bostrychidae) (adults), rice weevil, sitophilus oryzae (l.) (coleoptera: curculionidae) (adults), and confused flour beet ... | 2010 | 20568646 |
| influence of commodity type, percentage of cracked kernels, and wheat class on population growth of stored-product psocids (psocoptera: liposcelidae). | differences in stored-product psocid progeny production as a function of commodity type, percentage of cracked kernels, and wheat class were examined using laboratory bioassays. population growth of liposcelis bostrychophila badonnel, liposcelis decolor (pearman), liposcelis paeta pearman, and liposcelis entomophila (enderlein) (psocoptera: liposcelididae) was highest on sorghum sorghum bicolor (l.) moench, followed by wheat, triticum aestivum l., and rice, oryza sativa l., whereas progeny produ ... | 2010 | 20568647 |
| mycosphaerella graminicola: latent infection, crop devastation and genomics. | summary mycosphaerella graminicola is an important pathogen of wheat, causing septoria leaf blotch disease. this review summarizes the current knowledge on disease development and control of the fungus, and discusses how molecular tools and genomics are being employed to uncover the genetic basis of pathogenicity. taxonomy: mycosphaerella graminicola (fuckel) j. schröt. in cohn (anamorph: septoria tritici roberge in desmaz.). kingdom fungi, phylum ascomycota, class loculoascomycetes (filamentous ... | 2002 | 20569310 |
| histological and microarray analysis of the direct effect of water shortage alone or combined with heat on early grain development in wheat (triticum aestivum). | based on the in silico analysis of the representation of expressed sequence tags (ests) in wheat grain-related cdna libraries, a specific 15k oligonucleotide microarray has been developed in order to monitor environmental stress-dependent gene expression changes in the wheat caryopses. using this array, the effect of water withdrawal, with and without additional heat stress, has been investigated during the first five days of kernel development on two wheat cultivars differing in their drought s ... | 2010 | 20573045 |
| diverse set of micrornas are responsive to powdery mildew infection and heat stress in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | micrornas (mirnas) are a class of small non-coding regulatory rnas that regulate gene expression by guiding target mrna cleavage or translational inhibition. mirnas can have large-scale regulatory effects on development and stress response in plants. | 2010 | 20573268 |
| comparison of low molecular weight glutenin subunits identified by sds-page, 2-de, maldi-tof-ms and pcr in common wheat. | low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (lmw-gs) play a crucial role in determining end-use quality of common wheat by influencing the viscoelastic properties of dough. four different methods - sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de, ief x sds-page), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof-ms) and polymerase chain reaction (pcr), were used to characterize the lmw-gs composition ... | 2010 | 20573275 |
| megabase level sequencing reveals contrasted organization and evolution patterns of the wheat gene and transposable element spaces. | to improve our understanding of the organization and evolution of the wheat (triticum aestivum) genome, we sequenced and annotated 13-mb contigs (18.2 mb) originating from different regions of its largest chromosome, 3b (1 gb), and produced a 2x chromosome survey by shotgun illumina/solexa sequencing. all regions carried genes irrespective of their chromosomal location. however, gene distribution was not random, with 75% of them clustered into small islands containing three genes on average. a t ... | 0 | 20581307 |
| [genetic control of gliadin components in wheat triticum spelta l]. | the componental composition of electrophoretic spectra of gliadin in triticum spelta l. was studied. by analogy with common wheat t. aestivum l., it was established that genes controlling gliadin components in spelt are also located in short arms of chromosomes of homeological groups 1 and 6. analysis of gliadin spectra in f2 grains from the crosses k-20539 x ershovskaya 32 and k-20558 x ershovskaya 32 revealed linkage of some components and their grouping into blocks (alleles) of coinherited gl ... | 2010 | 20583599 |
| detection of plant dna in the bronchoalveolar lavage of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. | hospital-acquired infections such as nosocomial pneumonia are a serious cause of mortality for hospitalized patients, especially for those admitted to intensive care units (icus). despite the number of the studies reported to date, the causative agents of pneumonia are not completely known. herein, we found by molecular technique that vegetable and tobacco dna may be detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage from patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap). | 2010 | 20585574 |
| development of est-pcr markers for thinopyrum intermedium chromosome 2ai#2 and their application in characterization of novel wheat-grass recombinants. | a series of expressed sequence tags-derived polymerase chain reaction (est-pcr) markers specific to chromosome 2ai#2 from thinopyrum intermedium were developed in this study using a new integrative approach. the target alien chromosome confers high resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus (bydv), which is a severe virus disease in wheat. to generate markers evenly distributed on 2ai#2, a total of 105 primer pairs were designed based on mapped ests from 8 bins of wheat chromosome 2b with intron-pr ... | 2010 | 20585749 |
| identification and characterization of conserved micrornas and their target genes in wheat (triticum aestivum). | micrornas (mirnas) are non-coding small rnas that regulate gene expression by translational repression or transcript degradation. a large number of mirnas have been identified from model plant species; however, the character of conserved mirnas is poorly understood. we studied 42 mirna families that are conserved within the plant kingdom, using the mirbase database. some conserved mirna families were found to be preferentially expressed in dicots relative to monocots, especially mir403, mir472 a ... | 2010 | 20589616 |
| coronatine alleviates water deficiency stress on winter wheat seedlings. | with the aim to determine whether coronatine (cor) alleviates drought stress on wheat, two winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars, changwu134 (drought-tolerant) and shan253 (drought-sensitive) were studied under hydroponic conditions. seedlings at the three-leaf stage were cultured in a hoagland solution containing cor at 0.1 microm for 24 h, and then exposed to 20% polyethylene glycol 6000 (peg-6000). under simulated drought (sd), cor increased the dry weight of shoots and roots of the t ... | 2010 | 20590992 |
| genome-wide gene expression changes in genetically stable synthetic and natural wheat allohexaploids. | *the present study aims to understand regulation of gene expression in synthetic and natural wheat (triticum aestivum) allohexaploids, that combines the ab genome of triticum turgidum and the d genome of aegilops tauschii; and which we have recently characterized as genetically stable. *we conducted a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of gene expression that allowed characterization of the effect of variability of the d genome progenitor, the intergenerational stability as well as the compariso ... | 2010 | 20591055 |
| delineating the structural, functional and evolutionary relationships of sucrose phosphate synthase gene family ii in wheat and related grasses. | sucrose phosphate synthase (sps) is an important component of the plant sucrose biosynthesis pathway. in the monocotyledonous poaceae, five sps genes have been identified. here we present a detailed analysis of the wheat spsii family in wheat. a set of homoeologue-specific primers was developed in order to permit both the detection of sequence variation, and the dissection of the individual contribution of each homoeologue to the global expression of spsii. | 2010 | 20591144 |
| hypersensitive response-like reaction is associated with hybrid necrosis in interspecific crosses between tetraploid wheat and aegilops tauschii coss. | hybrid speciation is classified into homoploid and polyploid based on ploidy level. common wheat is an allohexaploid species that originated from a naturally occurring interploidy cross between tetraploid wheat and diploid wild wheat aegilops tauschii coss. aegilops tauschii provides wide naturally occurring genetic variation. sometimes its triploid hybrids with tetraploid wheat show the following four types of hybrid growth abnormalities: types ii and iii hybrid necrosis, hybrid chlorosis, and ... | 2010 | 20593003 |
| quality differences between nils of wheat variety long 97-586 possessing hmw-gs 7+8 and 7. | the high molecular weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gs) 7+8 were introduced into the long 97-586 (1, 7, 2+12) wheat variety (triticum aestivum) by 5 consecutive backcrosses with biochemical marker-assisted selection. nearly isogenic lines (nils) of hmw-gs 7 and 7+8 were obtained, and the nils were planted in the experimental field at the crop breeding institute of heilongjiang academy of agricultural science in 2004-2006. the field experiments were designed using the two-column contrast arrangement ... | 2010 | 20596839 |
| the signal effect of nitrate supply enhances active forms of cytokinins and indole acetic content and reduces abscisic acid in wheat plants grown with ammonium. | ammonium can result in toxicity symptoms in many plants when supplied as a sole nitrogen source. nitrate reduces the negative effects caused by ammonium and promotes plant growth. in order to explore the mechanism responsible of this beneficial effect, we investigated whether nitrate application causes significant changes in the indoleacetic acid (iaa)- and cytokinin-plant distribution and abscisic acid (aba) accumulation in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants grown with ammonium. two different ... | 2010 | 20598773 |
| biochemical methane potential of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.): influence of growth stage and storage practice. | the effect of growth stage at harvest and of storage practice on the biochemical methane potential (bmp) of winter wheat was investigated using batch-fed stirred mesophilic digesters. the wheat used was a single variety sown at the same time (autumn) and harvested at 3 different stages in its growth: medium milk (a), soft dough (b) and caryopsis (c). wheats (a and b) were ensiled whilst the later harvested material (c) with a higher dry matter content was treated by the alkalage process. the bmp ... | 2010 | 20598879 |
| the structural and photosynthetic characteristics of the exposed peduncle of wheat (triticum aestivum l.): an important photosynthate source for grain-filling. | in wheat (triticum aestivum l), the flag leaf has been thought of as the main source of assimilates for grain growth, whereas the peduncle has commonly been thought of as a transporting organ. the photosynthetic characteristics of the exposed peduncle have therefore been neglected. in this study, we investigated the anatomical traits of the exposed peduncle during wheat grain ontogenesis, and we compared the exposed peduncle to the flag leaf with respect to chloroplast ultrastructure, photosyste ... | 2010 | 20618993 |
| genetic analysis of tolerance to photo-oxidative stress induced by high light in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | high light induced photooxidation (hlip) usually leads to leaf premature senescence and causes great yield loss in winter wheat. in order to explore the genetic control of wheat tolerance to hlip stress, a quantitative trait loci (qtl) analysis was conducted on a set of doubled haploid population, derived from two winter wheat cultivars. actual values of chlorophyll content (chl), minimum fluorescence level (fo), maximum fluorescence level (fm), and the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem ... | 2010 | 20621022 |
| multifunctionalised benzoxazinones in the systems oryza sativa-echinochloa crus-galli and triticum aestivum-avena fatua as natural-product-based herbicide leads. | fifteen novel derivatives of d-diboa, including aromatic ring modifications and the addition of side chains in positions c-2 and n-4, had previously been synthesised and their phytotoxicity on standard target species (sts) evaluated. this strategy combined steric, electronic, solubility and lipophilicity requirements to achieve the maximum phytotoxic activity. an evaluation of the bioactivity of these compounds on the systems oryza sativa-echinochloa crus-galli and triticum aestivum-avena fatua ... | 2010 | 20628996 |
| a glucurono(arabino)xylan synthase complex from wheat contains members of the gt43, gt47, and gt75 families and functions cooperatively. | glucuronoarabinoxylans (gaxs) are the major hemicelluloses in grass cell walls, but the proteins that synthesize them have previously been uncharacterized. the biosynthesis of gaxs would require at least three glycosyltransferases (gts): xylosyltransferase (xylt), arabinosyltransferase (arat), and glucuronosyltransferase (glcat). a combination of proteomics and transcriptomics analyses revealed three wheat (triticum aestivum) glycosyltransferase (tagt) proteins from the gt43, gt47, and gt75 fami ... | 2010 | 20631319 |
| binding of sterols affects membrane functioning and sphingolipid composition in wheat roots. | the present work was devoted to the exploration of the role of sterols in the functioning of membranes in root cells. membrane characteristics and composition of the membrane lipids in the roots of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings treated with exogenous cholesterol and antibiotic nystatin, which specifically binds with endogenous sterols, were analyzed. cholesterol caused a fall of membrane potential, acidification of the incubation medium, decrease in potassium leakage of roots, and incre ... | 2010 | 20632933 |
| transgene x environment interactions in genetically modified wheat. | the introduction of transgenes into plants may cause unintended phenotypic effects which could have an impact on the plant itself and the environment. little is published in the scientific literature about the interrelation of environmental factors and possible unintended effects in genetically modified (gm) plants. | 2010 | 20635001 |
| application of sequence-independent amplification (sia) for the identification of rna viruses in bioenergy crops. | miscanthus x giganteus, energycane, and panicum virgatum (switchgrass) are three potential biomass crops being evaluated for commercial cellulosic ethanol production. viral diseases are potentially significant threats to these crops. therefore, identification of viruses infecting these bioenergy crops is important for quarantine purposes, virus resistance breeding, and production of virus-free planting materials. the application is described of sequence-independent amplification, for the identif ... | 2010 | 20638415 |
| tachp: a wheat zinc finger protein gene down-regulated by abscisic acid and salinity stress plays a positive role in stress tolerance. | the plant response to abiotic stresses involves both abscisic acid (aba)-dependent and aba-independent signaling pathways. here we describe tachp, a chp-rich (for cysteine, histidine, and proline rich) zinc finger protein family gene extracted from bread wheat (triticum aestivum), is differentially expressed during abiotic stress between the salinity-sensitive cultivar jinan 177 and its tolerant somatic hybrid introgression cultivar shanrong no.3. tachp expressed in the roots of seedlings at the ... | 2010 | 20639406 |
| cytotoxic effect of prolamin-derived peptides on in vitro cultures of cell line caco-2: implications for coeliac disease. | the cytotoxic effects of various prolamin-derived peptides on caco-2 cells were investigated by measuring the alterations of several parameters at different stages of cell differentiation. the pt digest of bread wheat was active in inhibiting cell proliferation (by about 50%), whereas the other digests from durum wheat, maize and bovine serum albumin (bsa) did not affect the proliferating activity of cells. compared with the control, colony-forming ability was inhibited by 20% by treatment with ... | 1995 | 20650086 |
| inhibition of the cellular metabolism of caco-2 cells by prolamin peptides from cereals toxic for coeliacs. | peptic-tryptic (pt) digests of prolamins derived from several cereals were tested on differentiated caco-2 cells to study the effect on cellular metabolism, particularly on dna, rna, protein and glycoprotein synthesis. cell viability was evaluated after treatment with the same cereals. whereas pt digests from bovine serum albumin and both durum wheat types (diploid and tetraploid) did not exert any effect, bread wheat, oats, barley and rye exerted an inhibitory effect close to 80% for dna and rn ... | 1996 | 20650234 |
| biochemical changes associated with in vivo rbcl fragmentation by reactive oxygen species under chilling-light conditions. | during physiological stress, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) degradation is accelerated, which is considered to be one of the key factors responsible for photosynthetic decline. a recent study has shown that the large subunit (rbcl) of rubisco is directly fragmented by hydroxyl radicals in cucumis sativus leaves under chilling-light conditions. in the present study, we investigated biochemical aspects associated with this in vivo rbcl fragmentation by reactive oxygen sp ... | 2010 | 20653886 |