Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| constitutive expression of a plant ferredoxin-like protein (pflp) enhances capacity of photosynthetic carbon assimilation in rice (oryza sativa). | the plant ferredoxin-like protein (pflp) gene, cloned from sweet peppers predicted as an electron carrier in photosynthesis, shows high homology to the fd-i sequence of arabidopsis thaliana, lycopersicon esculentum, oryza sativa and spinacia oleracea. most of pflp related studies focused on anti-pathogenic effects, while less understanding for the effects in photosynthesis with physiological aspects, such as photosynthesis rate, and levels of carbohydrate metabolites. this project focuses on the ... | 2017 | 28054169 |
| the antioxidant and phenolic profiles of five green vegetables grown in southern nigeria. | regular consumption of vegetables has been associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases. the phenolic and free radical scavenging properties of five green vegetables grown in southern nigeria were determined. | 2017 | 28071016 |
| review of neuro-nutrition used as anti-alzheimer plant, spinach, spinacia oleracea. | neuro-nutrition is the nutrition needed to achieve health brain and neurocognitive function. diets rich in antioxidants, vitamins, flavonoids, and polyphenolic compounds will help suppress the onset of alzheimer's disease. spinacia oleracea (family: amaranthaceae) commonly known as spinach or buai leng (in thai), one of the traditional medicinal plants with high in those mention nutrients. the micronutrients in spinach include a range of vitamins and minerals, which can prevent deficiency diseas ... | 2017 | 28082792 |
| live cell imaging of endogenous mrna using rna-based fluorescence "turn-on" probe. | messenger rna (mrna) plays a critical role in cellular growth and development. however, there have been limited methods available to visualize endogenous mrna in living cells with ease. we have designed rna-based fluorescence "turn-on" probes that target mrna by fusing an unstable form of spinach with target-complementary sequences. these probes have been demonstrated to be selective, stable, and capable of targeting various mrnas for live e. coli imaging. | 2017 | 28103687 |
| effects of waste water irrigation on soil properties and soil fauna of spinach fields in a west african urban vegetable production system. | the usage of inadequately processed industrial waste water (ww) can lead to strong soil alkalinity and soil salinization of agricultural fields with negative consequences on soil properties and biota. gypsum as a soil amendment to saline-sodic soils is widely used in agricultural fields to improve their soil physical, chemical and hence biological properties. this study aimed at analysing the effects of intensive ww irrigation on the structure and composition of soil-dwelling arthropods on spina ... | 2017 | 28104342 |
| dried and free flowing granules of spinacia oleracea accelerate bone regeneration and alleviate postmenopausal osteoporosis. | the aim of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy of extract derived from spinacia oleracea extract (soe) in reversing bone loss induced by ovariectomy and bone healing properties in a drill-hole fracture model in rats. | 2017 | 28118295 |
| differences in internalization and growth of escherichia coli o157:h7 within the apoplast of edible plants, spinach and lettuce, compared with the model species nicotiana benthamiana. | internalization of food-borne bacteria into edible parts of fresh produce plants represents a serious health risk. therefore, internalization of verocytotoxigenic e. coli o157:h7 isolate sakai was assessed in two species associated with outbreaks, spinach (spinacia oleracea) and lettuce (lactuca sativa) and compared to the model species nicotiana benthamiana. internalization occurred in the leaves and roots of spinach and lettuce throughout a 10 day time-course. the plant species, tissue type an ... | 2017 | 28169510 |
| anticancer activity of biologically synthesized silver and gold nanoparticles on mouse myoblast cancer cells and their toxicity against embryonic zebrafish. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the anticancer activity of bioinspired silver nanoparticles (agnps) and gold nanoparticles (aunps) against mouse myoblast cancer cells (c2c12). both agnps and aunps were biologically synthesized using spinacia oleracea linn., aqueous leaves extract. uv-vis. spectrophotometer, high resolution-transmission electron microscopy (hr-tem), field emission-scanning electron microscopy (fe-sem) and x-ray diffraction (xrd) studies supported the successful synthesis of ... | 2017 | 28183660 |
| characterization and virulence potential of serogroup o113 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli strains isolated from beef and cattle in the united states. | shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) of serotype o113:h21 have caused severe diseases but are unusual in that they do not produce the intimin protein required for adherence to intestinal epithelial cells. strains of serogroup o113 are one of the most common stec found in ground beef and beef products in the united states, but their virulence potential is unknown. we used a microarray to characterize 65 o113 strains isolated in the united states from ground beef, beef trim, cattle feces, ... | 2017 | 28199145 |
| prediction of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella , and listeria monocytogenes growth in leafy greens without temperature control. | a recent study by the centers for disease control and prevention reported that between 1998 and 2008, leafy greens outbreaks accounted for 22.3% of foodborne outbreaks in the united states. several studies on the growth of bacteria at different temperatures have been conducted; however, there is a need for the prediction of bacterial growth when leafy greens are transported without temperature control. food products, when taken out of refrigeration, undergo a temperature change, with the rate of ... | 2017 | 28221878 |
| microbial quality, safety, and pathogen detection by using quantitative pcr of raw salad vegetables sold in dhanbad city, india. | consumption of ready-to-eat fresh vegetables has increased worldwide, with a consequent increase in outbreaks caused by foodborne pathogens. in the indian subcontinent, raw fresh vegetables are usually consumed without washing or other decontamination procedures, thereby leading to new food safety threats. in this study, the microbiological quality and pathogenic profile of raw salad vegetables was evaluated through standard protocols. in total, 480 samples (60 each of eight different salad vege ... | 2017 | 28221891 |
| rapid identification of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli o serogroups from fresh produce and raw milk enrichment cultures by luminex bead-based suspension array. | the u.s. food and drug administration's bacteriological analytical manual (bam) chapter 4a describes a luminex microbead-based suspension array used to screen colonies for 11 clinically relevant shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) serogroups: o26, o45, o91, o103, o104, o111, o113, o121, o128, o145, and o157. we evaluated the usefulness of this method to identify stec-positive enrichment samples before agar plating. twelve e. coli strains were added to three types of fresh produce (bagg ... | 2016 | 28221928 |
| fate of listeria monocytogenes , pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica , and escherichia coli o157:h7 gfp(+) in ready-to-eat salad during cold storage: what is the risk to consumers? | in this study, we investigated the fate of listeria monocytogenes , pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica , and escherichia coli o157:h7 gfp(+) inoculated in low numbers into ready-to-eat baby spinach and mixed-ingredient salad (baby spinach with chicken meat). samples were stored at recommended maximum refrigerator temperature (8°c in sweden) or at an abuse temperature (15°c) for up to 7 days. mixed-ingredient salad supported considerable growth when stored at 15°c during shelf life (3 days), with ... | 2017 | 28221975 |
| prevalence and phylogenetic characterization of escherichia coli and hygiene indicator bacteria isolated from leafy green produce, beef, and pork obtained from farmers' markets in pennsylvania. | the popularity of farmers' markets in the united states has led to over 8,400 farmers' markets being in operation in 2015. as farmers' markets have increased in size and complexity in the kinds of foods sold at these venues, so have the potential food safety risks. since 2008, seven major foodborne illness outbreaks and two recalls associated with food products from farmers' markets have occurred, causing 80 known reported illnesses and one death. various researchers also have observed vendors p ... | 2017 | 28221988 |
| appetite suppressing effect of spinacia oleracea in rats: involvement of the short term satiety signal cholecystokinin. | spinacia oleracea (spinach) is a green leafy vegetable rich in antioxidant phyto-constituents such as flavonoids, polyphenols, carotenoids and vitamins. fruits and vegetables rich in flavonoids are known to prevent weight gain by inducing satiety. the present study evaluates the appetite suppressing effect of a flavonoid rich extract of the spinach leaf (soe) in rats. hptlc of soe was performed for detecting flavonoids. rats were administered soe (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, p. o) and fluoxetine (6 ... | 0 | 28238891 |
| in situ generation of chlorine dioxide for surface decontamination of produce. | fresh fruits and vegetables are frequently contaminated with bacterial pathogens and implicated in foodborne illnesses. the objective of this study was to develop a unique surface decontamination method for produce using sodium chlorite and an acid in a sequential treatment. the surfaces of cantaloupe rinds, peels of cucumbers, stem scars of grape tomatoes, and leaves of baby spinach were inoculated with salmonella or listeria monocytogenes at 5 to 6 log cfu/g, submerged in 1.6 to 4% sodium chlo ... | 2017 | 28272919 |
| verrucarin a and roridin e produced on spinach by myrothecium verrucaria under different temperatures and co2 levels. | the behavior of myrothecium verrucaria, artificially inoculated on spinach, was studied under seven different temperature conditions (from 5 to 35 °c) and under eight different combinations of temperature and co2 concentration (14-30 °c and 775-870 or 1550-1650 mg/m(3)). the isolate used for this study was growing well on spinach, and the mycotoxins verrucarin a and roridin e were produced under all tested temperature and co2 conditions. the maximum levels of verrucarin a (18.59 ng/g) and roridi ... | 2017 | 28281009 |
| effect of fermented spinach as sources of pre-converted nitrite on color development of cured pork loin. | the effect of fermented spinach extracts on color development in cured meats was investigated in this study. the ph values of raw cured meats without addition of fermented spinach extract or nitrite (negative control) were higher (p<0.05) than those added with fermented spinach extract. the ph values of raw and cooked cured meats in treatment groups were decreased with increasing addition levels of fermented spinach extract. the lightness and yellowness values of raw cured meats formulated with ... | 2017 | 28316477 |
| cold plasma-activated hydrogen peroxide aerosol inactivates escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium, and listeria innocua and maintains quality of grape tomato, spinach and cantaloupe. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of aerosolized hydrogen peroxide in inactivating bacteria and maintaining quality of grape tomatoes, baby spinach leaves and cantaloupes. stem scars and smooth surfaces of tomatoes, spinach leaves, and cantaloupe rinds, inoculated with escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium and listeria innocua, were treated for 45s followed by additional 30min dwell time with hydrogen peroxide (7.8%) aerosols activated by atmospheric cold plasm ... | 2017 | 28319798 |
| unidirectional transport of orthophosphate across the envelope of isolated cauliflower-bud amyloplasts. | isolated amyloplasts from cauliflower (brassica oleracea l. var botrytis) buds are able to export orthophosphate unidirectionally into the incubation medium. this orthophosphate transport appears to be protein-mediated, as indicated by the following observations: (i) low temperature and the presence of inhibitors of protein-mediated transport reduced the rate of orthophosphate export, and (ii) the rate of orthophosphate export became saturated with rising internal substrate concentrations. micro ... | 1996 | 28321664 |
| guanosine triphosphate-binding proteins on the plasmalemma of spinach leaf cells. | the molecular mechanism of light perception through phytochrome is not well understood. this red-light photosensor has been implicated in various physiological processes, including the photoinduction of flowering. a few recent studies have shown that phytochrome initiates signal transduction chains via guanosine triphosphate (gtp)-binding proteins (g-proteins). we show here by different approaches that g-proteins exist in spinach (spinacia oleracea l. cv. nobel). binding of gtp on the plasmalemm ... | 1996 | 28321666 |
| enhanced antimicrobial activity based on a synergistic combination of sub-lethal levels of stresses induced by uv-a light and organic acids. | reduction of microbial load in food and water systems is critical for their safety and shelf-life. conventionally, physical processes such as heat or light are used for rapid inactivation of microbes, while natural compounds such as lactic acid may be used as preservatives after the initial physical process. this study demonstrates enhanced and rapid inactivation of bacteria based on a synergistic combination of sub-lethal levels of stresses induced by uv-a light and two food grade organic acids ... | 2017 | 28363964 |
| construction of a high-density genetic map and the x/y sex-determining gene mapping in spinach based on large-scale markers developed by specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing (slaf-seq). | cultivated spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) is one of the most widely cultivated types of leafy vegetable in the world, and it has a high nutritional value. spinach is also an ideal plant for investigating the mechanism of sex determination because it is a dioecious species with separate male and female plants. some reports on the sex labeling and localization of spinach in the study of molecular markers have surfaced. however, there have only been two reports completed on the genetic map of spina ... | 2017 | 28376721 |
| development and survival of spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera: noctuidae) on alternate crops in cotton cropping pattern, with implications to integrated pest management. | spodoptera exigua (hübner) is a polyphagous pest that shifts its population to different hosts during its life cycle to receive nutritive advantages. therefore, demographic evaluation of alternate hosts is important for effective pest management. here, we have evaluated castor (ricinus communis l.), cauliflower (brassica oleracea l.), cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), okra (abelmoschus esculentus l.), and spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) for growth, survival, and population development of s. exigua. ... | 2017 | 28383691 |
| newly developed ssr markers reveal genetic diversity and geographical clustering in spinach (spinacia oleracea). | spinach is a popular leafy green vegetable due to its nutritional composition. it contains high concentrations of vitamins a, e, c, and k, and folic acid. development of genetic markers for spinach is important for diversity and breeding studies. in this work, next generation sequencing (ngs) technology was used to develop genomic simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers. after cleaning and contig assembly, the sequence encompassed 2.5% of the 980 mb spinach genome. the contigs were mined for ssrs. ... | 2017 | 28386640 |
| a study on prevalence of microbial contamination on the surface of raw salad vegetables. | the present work evaluates the microbiological quality of raw salad vegetables (rsv) consumed in dhanbad city, india. a total of 480 samples of 8 different raw salad vegetables from local market were examined for overall microbial quality in terms of aerobic mesophilic, psychrotrophic counts, yeast, mould and total coliform levels. e. coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes and salmonella sp. were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) subsequent to isolation. results showed that al ... | 2017 | 28391475 |
| virgin olive oil enriched with lutein-zeaxanthin from spinacia oleracea. | the aim of this work consists of developing a technological process for elaborating a virgin olive oil enriched in lutein-zeaxanthin extracted from spinach, studying different parameters like temperature, time of extraction and different ratios (spinach-oil). it was observed that the amount of carotenoids extracted increased up to a maximum after 24 hours and decreased as the maceration time progressed up to 60 hours, resulting of biological degradation. it was also observed that as more spinach ... | 2017 | 28413190 |
| a novel composite hydrogel initiated by spinacia oleracea l. extract on hela cells for localized photodynamic therapy. | in this study, the poly (ethylene glycol) double acrylates (pegda) was first initiated by spinacia oleracea l. extract (sole) to in situ form a polymer hydrogel shell on hela cells with near infra-red irradiation. the sole was also a natural photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy of tumor. the use of sole is simple, eco-friendly, low cost, and convenient. more importantly, the pegda/sole composite hydrogel shell on hela cells not merely prevents sole from diffusing to normal tissue for reducin ... | 2017 | 28415436 |
| light-induced formation of dimeric lhcii. | it emerges from numerous experiments that lhcii, the major photosynthetic antenna complex of plants, can appear not only in the trimeric or monomeric states but also as a dimer. we address the problem whether the dimeric form of the complex is just a simple intermediate element of the trimer-monomer transformation or if it can also be a physiologically relevant molecular organization form? dimers of lhcii were analyzed with application of native electrophoresis, time-resolved fluorescence spectr ... | 2017 | 28425025 |
| influence of groundwater and wastewater irrigation on lead accumulation in soil and vegetables: implications for health risk assessment and phytoremediation. | the current study evaluated the effect of groundwater and wastewater irrigation on lead (pb) accumulation in soil and vegetables, and its associated health implications. a pot experiment was conducted in which spinach (spinacia oleracea), radish (raphanus sativus) and cauliflower (brassica oleracea) were irrigated with groundwater and wastewaters containing varying concentrations of pb. lead contents were measured in wastewaters, soils and root and shoot of vegetables. we also measured health ri ... | 0 | 28463566 |
| genome sequences of spinach deltapartitivirus 1, spinach amalgavirus 1, and spinach latent virus identified in spinach transcriptome. | complete genome sequences of three new plant rna viruses, spinach deltapartitivirus 1 (spdpv1), spinach amalgavirus 1 (spav1), and spinach latent virus (splv), were identified from a spinach (spinacia oleracea) transcriptome dataset. the rna-dependent rna polymerases (rdrps) of spdpv1, spav1, and splv showed 72%, 53%, and 93% amino acid sequence identities with the homologous rdrp of the most closely related virus, respectively, suggesting that spdpv1 and spav1 were novel viruses. sequence simil ... | 2017 | 28511294 |
| arsenic accumulation and physiological attributes of spinach in the presence of amendments: an implication to reduce health risk. | the current study examined the effect of calcium (ca) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (edta) on arsenic (as) uptake and toxicity to spinach (spinacia oleracea) as well as assessed the potential human health risks. spinach seedlings were exposed to three levels of as (25, 125, and 250 μm) alone or together with three levels of edta (25, 125, and 250 μm) and ca (1, 5, and 10 mm). the effect of edta and ca was assessed in terms of as contents in roots and shoots, hydrogen peroxide production, c ... | 2017 | 28537029 |
| draft genome of spinach and transcriptome diversity of 120 spinacia accessions. | spinach is an important leafy vegetable enriched with multiple necessary nutrients. here we report the draft genome sequence of spinach (spinacia oleracea, 2n=12), which contains 25,495 protein-coding genes. the spinach genome is highly repetitive with 74.4% of its content in the form of transposable elements. no recent whole genome duplication events are observed in spinach. genome syntenic analysis between spinach and sugar beet suggests substantial inter- and intra-chromosome rearrangements d ... | 2017 | 28537264 |
| effects of medicinal plant extracts and photosensitization on aflatoxin producing aspergillus flavus (raper and fennell). | this study was undertaken with an aim of exploring the effectiveness of medicinal plant extracts in the control of aflatoxin production. antifungal properties, photosensitization, and phytochemical composition of aqueous and organic extracts of fruits from solanum aculeastrum, bark from syzygium cordatum, and leaves from prunus africana, ocimum lamiifolium, lippia kituiensis, and spinacia oleracea were tested. spores from four-day-old cultures of previously identified toxigenic fungi, uonv017 an ... | 2017 | 28539938 |
| folate biofortification in hydroponically cultivated spinach by the addition of phenylalanine. | folate is an important vitamin mainly ingested from vegetables, and folate deficiency causes various health problems. recently, several studies demonstrated folate biofortification in plants or food crops by metabolic engineering through genetic modifications. however, the production and sales of genetically modified foods are under strict regulation. here, we developed a new approach to achieve folate biofortification in spinach (spinacia oleracea) without genetic modification. we hydroponicall ... | 0 | 28548831 |
| β-carotene at physiologically attainable concentration induces apoptosis and down-regulates cell survival and antioxidant markers in human breast cancer (mcf-7) cells. | although β-carotene is known for its anti-carcinogenic and antioxidant properties, a few recent epidemiological and experimental evidence show that at higher concentration it acts as pro-oxidant and induces cancer. since the global burden of breast cancer exceeds all other types of cancer, and its incidence rates is also in increasing trend, the present study attempted to evaluate the anti-cancer molecular mechanism of β-carotene (at 1 µm concentration) isolated from spinacia oleracea in human b ... | 2017 | 28550445 |
| partial niche separation in spinacia oleracea l.: an examination of reproductive allocation. | 1986 | 28556030 | |
| six independent losses of the chloroplast dna rpl2 intron in dicotyledons: molecular and phylogenetic implications. | previous studies have shown that in several angiosperms and the liverwort marchantia the chloroplast gene rpl2, encoding ribosomal protein l2, is interrupted by an intron, but that in spinach (spinacia oleracea, caryophyllales) this intron has been lost. we have determined the distribution of the rpl2 intron for 390 species representing 116 angiosperm families. filter hybridizations reveal that the intron is absent from the chloroplast genomes of all examined families of the caryophyllales, sugg ... | 1991 | 28564183 |
| consumers' acceptance of medicinal herbs: an application of the technology acceptance model (tam). | the shift in consumers' preferences from synthetic to 'natural' products has led to a resurgence of interest in medicinal plants, particularly in developing countries. however, research data about consumers' preferences for particular products is hard to find. | 2017 | 28625892 |
| unambiguous regiochemical assignment of sulfoquinovosyl mono- and diacylglycerols in parsley and spinach leaves by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization sequential mass spectrometry assisted by regioselective enzymatic hydrolysis. | sulfoquinovosylmonoglycerides (sqmg) and sulfoquinovosyldiglycerides (sqdg) in the lipid extracts of parsley (petroselinum crispum) and spinach (spinacia oleracea) leaves were investigated. the aim of this work was to assess and establish the chemical characterization of fatty acyl chains in sulfolipids (sqmg and sqdg) and their regiochemistry. | 2017 | 28657161 |
| photosynthesis-inhibiting activity of 1-[(2-chlorophenyl)carbamoyl]- and 1-[(2-nitrophenyl)carbamoyl]naphthalen-2-yl alkylcarbamates. | eight 1-[(2-chlorophenyl)carbamoyl]naphthalen-2-yl alkylcarbamates and eight 1-[(2-nitrophenyl)carbamoyl]naphthalen-2-yl alkylcarbamates were tested for their activity related to the inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport (pet) in spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) chloroplasts. the pet-inhibiting activity of the compounds was relatively low; the corresponding ic50 values ranged from 0.05 to 0.664 mmol/l; and the highest activity within the series of compounds was observed for 1-[(2-chlorop ... | 2017 | 28714937 |
| colloidal-bound polyphosphates and organic phosphates are bioavailable: a nutrient solution study. | colloidal forms of fe(iii) minerals can be stabilized in solution by coatings of organic or poly-phosphate (p), which reduce the zeta-potential. this opens up a route toward the development of nanoforms of p fertilizers. however, it is unclear if such p forms are bioavailable. to address this question, spinach (spinacia oleracea) was grown in nutrient solutions, at equal total p, using three different forms of p (orthophosphate = pi; hexametaphosphate = hmp; myo-inositol hexaphosphate = ihp), fr ... | 2017 | 28731339 |
| real-time monitoring of superoxide anion radical generation in response to wounding: electrochemical study. | the growth and development of plants is deleteriously affected by various biotic and abiotic stress factors. wounding in plants is caused by exposure to environmental stress, mechanical stress, and via herbivory. typically, oxidative burst in response to wounding is associated with the formation of reactive oxygen species, such as the superoxide anion radical (o2•-), hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) and singlet oxygen; however, few experimental studies have provided direct evidence of their detection in ... | 2017 | 28761775 |
| evaluation of the antimicrobial activities of ultrasonicated spinach leaf extracts using rapd markers and electron microscopy. | spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) leaves represent an important dietary source of nutrients, antioxidants and antimicrobials. as such, spinach leaves play an important role in health and have been used in the treatment of human diseases since ancient times. here, the aims were to optimize the extraction methods for recovering antimicrobial substances of spinach leaves, determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of the antimicrobial substances against escherichia coli and staphylococcus ... | 2017 | 28766036 |
| amelioration of abnormalities associated with the metabolic syndrome by spinacia oleracea (spinach) consumption and aerobic exercise in rats. | the present study evaluates the protective effects of an antioxidant-rich extract of spinacea oleracea (naoe) in abnormalities associated with the metabolic syndrome (mets) in rats. hptlc of naoe revealed the presence of 13 total antioxidants, 14 flavonoids, and 10 phenolic acids. rats administered with fructose (20% w/v) in drinking water for 45 days to induce abnormalities of mets received naoe (200 and 400 mg/kg, po), the standard drug gemfibrozil (60 mg/kg, po), aerobic exercise (ae), and a ... | 2017 | 28798859 |
| influence of bio-fertilizer containing beneficial fungi and rhizospheric bacteria on health promoting compounds and antioxidant activity of spinacia oleracea l. | this study evaluates the influences of bio fertilizers containing mycorrhizal fungi (glomus fasciculatum, glomus mosseae) individually or in combination with n-fixer (azotobacter chroococcum), k solubilizer (bacillus mucilaginous) and p solubilizer (bacillus megaterium) on soil fertility and phytochemical levels of spinach. | 2017 | 28815474 |
| comparison of coagulation, ozone and ferrate treatment processes for color, cod and toxicity removal from complex textile wastewater. | in this study, the comparative performance of coagulation, ozone, coagulation + ozone + coagulation and potassium ferrate processes to remove chemical oxygen demand (cod), color, and toxicity from a highly polluted textile wastewater were evaluated. experimental results showed that ferrate alone had no effect on cod, color and toxicity removal. whereas, in combination with feso4, it has shown the highest removal efficiency of 96.5%, 83% and 75% for respective parameters at the optimal dose of 40 ... | 2017 | 28876242 |
| improvement of yield and quality of two spinacia oleracea l. varieties by using different fertilizing approaches. | the effects of different fertilizers [the control with no fertilizer (c), inorganic fertilization (i), combined inorganic and organic fertilizer (iohumax1) and (iohumax2)] on yield and nutrients contents of two spinach varieties ("balady and virofly") were investigated. significant effects of variety were observed on vegetative growth and nutrients contents. while virofly had significantly higher leaf area (236.96 cm2), stem diameter (7.43 mm) and fresh weight of vegetative and radical parts (15 ... | 2017 | 28878507 |
| light quality affects chloroplast electron transport rates estimated from chl fluorescence measurements. | chl fluorescence has been used widely to calculate photosynthetic electron transport rates. portable photosynthesis instruments allow for combined measurements of gas exchange and chl fluorescence. we analyzed the influence of spectral quality of actinic light on chl fluorescence and the calculated electron transport rate, and compared this with photosynthetic rates measured by gas exchange in the absence of photorespiration. in blue actinic light, the electron transport rate calculated from chl ... | 2017 | 29016964 |
| characterization of a begomovirus-betasatellite complex, producing defective molecules in spinach (spinacia oleracea l.), a new host for begomovirus and betasatellite complex in pakistan. | spinach is a vegetable crop which is widely grown over a large area especially in punjab province of pakistan. leaf curling and enations on spinach plant collected shown to be associated with the begomovirus pedilanthus leaf curl virus (pelcv) and shahdadpur strain of cotton leaf curl multan betasatellite (clcumbsha). defective molecules of half and quarter size derived from monopartite begomoviruses are usually generated by the deletion of virion-sense sequences. characterization of defective m ... | 2017 | 29018315 |
| halogenated 1-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxanilides affecting photosynthetic electron transport in photosystem ii. | series of seventeen new multihalogenated 1-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxanilides was prepared and characterized. all the compounds were tested for their activity related to the inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport (pet) in spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) chloroplasts. 1-hydroxy-n-phenylnaphthalene-2-carboxamides substituted in the anilide part by 3,5-dichloro-, 4-bromo-3-chloro-, 2,5-dibromo- and 3,4,5-trichloro atoms were the most potent pet inhibitors (ic50 = 5.2, 6.7, 7.6 and 8.0 µm, ... | 2017 | 29023407 |
| evaluation of leafy vegetables as bioindicators of gaseous mercury pollution in sewage-irrigated areas. | mercury (hg) can evaporate and enter the plants through the stomata of plant leaves, which will cause a serious threat to local food safety and human health. for the risk assessment, this study aimed to investigate the concentration and accumulation of total gaseous mercury (tgm) in five typical leafy vegetables (chinese chives (allium tuberosum rottler), amaranth (amaranthus mangostanus l.), rape (brassica campestris l.), lettuce (lactuca sativa l.), and spinach (spinacia oleracea l.)) grown on ... | 2018 | 29043585 |
| exogenous salicylic acid improves freezing tolerance of spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) leaves. | salicylic acid (sa)-treatment has been reported to improve plant tolerance to various abiotic stresses. however, its effect on freezing tolerance has not been well investigated. we investigated the effect of exogenous sa on freezing tolerance of spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) leaves. we also explored if nitric oxide (no) and/or hydrogen peroxide (h2o2)-mediation was involved in this response, since these are known as primary signaling molecules involved in many physiological processes. a micro-c ... | 2017 | 29061524 |
| in-situ examination of graphene and graphene oxide impact on the depuration of phenanthrene and fluoranthene adsorbed onto spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) leaf surfaces. | to further assess the human being's exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) through the dietary pathway, understanding the partitioning of these chemicals co-existed with nanomaterials in edible vegetable systems deserves specific consideration. in this study, the fiber-optic fluorimetry was applied to in situ examine the effects of graphene (gns) and graphene oxide (go) nanosheets on the quantification and depuration of three-ringed phenanthrene (phe) and four-ringed fluoranthene (f ... | 2017 | 29137885 |
| high-resolution and non-destructive evaluation of the spatial distribution of nitrate and its dynamics in spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) leaves by near-infrared hyperspectral imaging. | nitrate is an important component of the nitrogen cycle and is therefore present in all plants. however, excessive nitrogen fertilization results in a high nitrate content in vegetables, which is unhealthy for humans. understanding the spatial distribution of nitrate in leaves is beneficial for improving nitrogen assimilation efficiency and reducing its content in vegetables. in this study, near-infrared (nir) hyperspectral imaging was used for the non-destructive and effective evaluation of nit ... | 2017 | 29170678 |
| genetic diversity and population structure analysis of spinach by single-nucleotide polymorphisms identified through genotyping-by-sequencing. | spinach (spinacia oleracea l., 2n = 2x = 12) is an economically important vegetable crop worldwide and one of the healthiest vegetables due to its high concentrations of nutrients and minerals. the objective of this research was to conduct genetic diversity and population structure analysis of a collection of world-wide spinach genotypes using single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) markers. genotyping by sequencing (gbs) was used to discover snps in spinach genotypes. three sets of spinach genot ... | 2017 | 29190770 |
| tailoring natural abenquines to inhibit the photosynthetic electron transport through interaction with the d1 protein in photosystem ii. | abenquines are natural n-acetylaminobenzoquinones bearing amino acid residues, which act as weak inhibitors of the photosynthetic electron transport chain. aiming to exploit the abenquine scaffold as a model for the synthesis of new herbicides targeting photosynthesis, 14 new analogues were prepared by replacing the amino acid residue with benzylamines and the acetyl with different acyl groups. the synthesis was accomplished in three steps with a 68-95% overall yield from readily available 2,5-d ... | 2017 | 29191002 |
| genetic diversity and association mapping of mineral element concentrations in spinach leaves. | spinach is a useful source of dietary vitamins and mineral elements. breeding new spinach cultivars with high nutritional value is one of the main goals in spinach breeding programs worldwide, and identification of single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers for mineral element concentrations is necessary to support spinach molecular breeding. the purpose of this study was to conduct a genome-wide association study (gwas) and to identify snp markers associated with mineral elements in the usda- ... | 2017 | 29202697 |
| overexpression of socyp85a1, a spinach cytochrome p450 gene in transgenic tobacco enhances root development and drought stress tolerance. | brassinosteroids (brs) play an essential role in plant growth, development, and responses to diverse abiotic stresses. however, previous studies mainly analyzed how exogenous brs influenced plant physiological reactions to drought stress, therefore, genetic evidences for the endogenous brs-mediated regulation of plant responses still remain elusive. in this study, a key brs biosynthetic gene, socyp85a1 was cloned from spinacia oleracea, which has a complete open reading frame of 1,392 bp encodin ... | 2017 | 29209339 |
| molecular insights into the non-recombining nature of the spinach male-determining region. | spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) is a dioecious plant with male heterogametic sex determination and homomorphic sex chromosomes (xy). the dioecism is utilized for producing commercial hybrid seeds, and hence understanding the molecular-genetic basis of the species' sex determining locus is an important issue for spinach breeding. in this study, seven dominant dna markers were shown to completely co-segregate with the male-determining gene in segregating spinach populations comprising > 1500 plants ... | 2017 | 29222702 |
| gender-specific expression of gibberellic acid insensitive is critical for unisexual organ initiation in dioecious spinacia oleracea. | while unisexual flowers have evolved repeatedly throughout angiosperm families, the actual identification of sex-determining genes has been elusive, and their regulation within populations remains largely undefined. here, we tested the mechanism of the feminization pathway in cultivated spinach (spinacia oleracea), and investigated how this pathway may regulate alternative sexual development. we tested the effect of gibberellic acid (ga) on sex determination through exogenous applications of ga ... | 2018 | 29226967 |
| fluxes of atmospheric hydrogen sulphide to plant shoots. | short-term exposure of maize, pumpkin, spinach and spruce to various atmospheric h2 s concentrations resulted in high h2 s fluxes to the shoots. in all species an almost linear relation was observed between flux and h2 s concentration up to around 0.3 μl -1 . at higher h2 s concentrations the flux reached a maximum, which was about 0.08, 0.04, 0.1 and 0.03 μmol g f. wt-1 h-1 for maize, pumpkin, spinach and spruce, respectively. the transpiration rate was not affected during h2 s exposure. up to ... | 1989 | 29265436 |
| effect of harvest time on the levels of phytochemicals, free radical scavenging activity, α-amylase inhibition, and bile acid binding capacity of spinach (spinacia oleracea). | spinach is a green leafy vegetable, rich in health-promoting compounds. the present study analyzed the levels of phytochemicals and health-promoting properties of spinach harvested at 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 days after planting. | 2017 | 29282747 |
| pre-incubation in soil improves the nitrogen fertiliser value of hair waste. | global generation of human hair waste and its disposal at landfills could contribute to the leaching of nitrates into ground water. high concentrations of nitrogen (n) and other elements suggest that the waste could be a source of plant nutrients and differences in ethnic hair types could affect nutrient release and fertiliser value. the objective of this study was to determine the effects of hair type, as an n source, and pre-incubation time on dry-matter yield, nutrient uptake by spinach (spin ... | 2018 | 29372330 |