Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| community prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases and human immunodeficiency virus infection in tamil nadu, india: a probability proportional to size cluster survey. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and aids is threatening the survival of many nations. to evaluate ongoing interventional strategies and burden of illness estimates, valid data on the prevalence of hiv are required. often, in the absence of community prevalence data, estimates are based on surrogate markers such as prevalence of hiv in antenatal clinics. even though the antenatal prevalence of hiv is easier to measure and can be repeated for evaluation, it is important to establish t ... | 2002 | 12186325 |
| a review of the impact of hypnosis, relaxation, guided imagery and individual differences on aspects of immunity and health. | this review considers psychological interventions involving relaxation and guided imagery targeting immune functions. the review provides evidence of immune control accompanied by reports of enhanced mood and well-being. three recent investigations of the author and his colleagues with self-hypnosis training incorporating imagery of the immune system are outlined. in two studies, hypnosis buffered the effects of stress on immune functions in medical students at exam time, and the comparison of s ... | 2002 | 12186693 |
| truncation of herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein b increases its cell surface expression and activity in cell-cell fusion, but these properties are unrelated. | formation of small polykaryons by cell-cell fusion is characteristic of herpes simplex virus (hsv) lesions, but the great majority of viruses isolated from such lesions produce only limited cell fusion in tissue culture. because of this, hsv laboratory strains that produce extensive cell fusion (syncytium formation) in culture are regarded as variants or mutants. furthermore, the rarity of clinical isolates able to produce syncytia in culture suggests that extensive cell fusion is deleterious in ... | 2002 | 12186911 |
| neonatal liver transplantation for fulminant hepatitis caused by herpes simplex virus type 2. | 2002 | 12187302 | |
| expression of cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen by cd8(+) t cells specific for a skin-tropic virus. | virus-specific cd8(+) t cells traffic to infected tissues to promote clearance of infection. we used herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) as a model system to investigate cd8(+) t cell trafficking to the skin in humans. using human leukocyte antigen (hla) class i tetramers, we observed that hsv-specific cd8(+) t cells in the peripheral blood expressed high levels of cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (cla). in contrast, cd8(+) t cells specific for non-skin-tropic herpesviruses lacked cla exp ... | 2002 | 12189248 |
| serological evidence of alpha herpesvirus infection in sooty mangabeys. | contact between sooty mangabeys (sms) and a pigtailed macaque prompted the serological screening of sms for evidence of infection with b virus. serological tests detected sm antibodies that reacted with b virus polypeptides. additional testing was performed with sera from sms with no previous contact with macaques. results from these tests indicated that 56% (33/59) of the sms had antibodies that reacted with b virus and sa8. sm antibodies also reacted with herpesvirus papio 2 and to a lesser ex ... | 2002 | 12190852 |
| frequency of herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus and human papillomavirus dna in semen. | herpes simplex virus (hsv-2) and cytomegalovirus (cmv) infections produce brain damage in the newborn, and human papillomavirus (hpv) plays a role in cervical carcinogenesis. to assess the frequency of herpes virus and hpv in semen and its role in transmission, semen from 111 male partners of women with histologically-detected genital hpv infection was analysed for hsv, cmv and hpv infection. we used cell culture to detect hsv and cmv, and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for hpv. virological fin ... | 2002 | 12194737 |
| recurrent herpes simplex virus type 2 meningitis: a case report of mollaret's meningitis. | it is well known that herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 produces acute meningitis, while hsv type 2 rarely causes recurrent meningitis (mollaret's meningitis). we report the history of a 40-year-old patient with recurrent hsv type 2 meningitis (mollaret's meningitis). the patient had seven episodes of meningeal symptoms within a 7-year period. in the seventh episode, hsv type 2 dna was confirmed by nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with the cerebrospinal fluid (csf). a real-time quantitativ ... | 2002 | 12195049 |
| [the pathogenesis of herpetic keratitis]. | viral infections of herpes origin are the most commonly encountered ones in man. the most important member of this family is the herpes simplex virus (hsv), two varieties of which are known to exist: hsv-1 affects predominantly the upper half of the body, whereas hsv-2 is associated mainly with diseases of the urogenital tract. in the immunocompetent host, viral replication is usually confined to cutaneous and mucocutaneous sites, invasion of subcutaneous tissues being impeded by an early onset ... | 2002 | 12195312 |
| identification of a herpes b virus-specific glycoprotein d immunodominant epitope recognized by natural and foreign hosts. | the mapping of linear epitopes of b virus (cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 and herpes b virus) glycoprotein d (gd) was accomplished by screening the constructed gd epitope library with serum from b virus-infected macaques. the immunodominant epitope, gd (362-370), was identified within the c-terminal region of b virus gd that was highly conserved among 19 b virus clinical isolates but was not present in either herpes simplex virus (hsv)-1 or hsv-2 gd. a substantial percentage of serum samples from ... | 2002 | 12195371 |
| [cloning and expression of simplex herpes virus ? us4 fragment]. | to get early laboratory study of type specific antigenicity of herpes simplex virus ii. | 2002 | 12196833 |
| [the relationship of cervical cancer with pathogen infectious, cytokine and se]. | to identify the relationship of cervical cancer with pathogen infectious, cytokine and se. | 2002 | 12196836 |
| 10: herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus infections. | any new patient with suspected genital herpes should have diagnostic testing with virus identification. type-specific serological tests that distinguish between antibodies for type 1 and type 2 herpes simplex virus (hsv) may be useful to determine previous exposure but cannot be used to diagnose recurrences of genital herpes. initial episodes of genital herpes usually require antiviral therapy, while recurrences may be treated with continuous antiviral suppression (if frequent) or episodic thera ... | 2002 | 12197826 |
| calcium phosphate nanoparticles induce mucosal immunity and protection against herpes simplex virus type 2. | previously we reported that calcium phosphate nanoparticles (cap) represented a superior alternative to alum adjuvants in mice immunized with viral protein. additionally, we showed that cap was safe and elicited no detectable immunoglobulin e (ige) response. in this study, we demonstrated that following mucosal delivery of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) antigen with cap, cap adjuvant enhanced protective systemic and mucosal immunity versus live virus. mice were immunized intravaginally and ... | 2002 | 12204953 |
| performance of two commercial glycoprotein g-based enzyme immunoassays for detecting antibodies to herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 in children and young adolescents. | in 61 patients 1 to 14 years of age, the gull/meridian enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) had a sensitivity of 100% for herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and specificities of 74% for hsv-1 and 48% for hsv-2. in 128 similarly aged patients, the herpeselect elisa (focus technologies) showed sensitivities of 80% for hsv-1 and 88% for hsv-2, and specificities of 97% for hsv-1 and 100% for hsv-2. | 2002 | 12204970 |
| antiherpes simplex virus type 2 activity of casuarinin from the bark of terminalia arjuna linn. | casuarinin, a hydrolyzable tannin isolated from the bark of terminalia arjuna linn. (combretaceae), was investigated for its antiviral activity on herpes simplex type 2 (hsv-2) in vitro. results showed that the ic(50) of casuarinin in xtt and plaque reduction assays were 3.6+/-0.9 and 1.5+/-0.2 microm, respectively. the 50% cytotoxic concentration for cell growth (cc(50)) was 89+/-1 microm. thus, the selectivity index (si) (ratio of cc(50) to ic(50)) of casuarinin was 25 and 59 for xtt and plaqu ... | 2002 | 12206882 |
| socioeconomic status and risk of hiv infection in an urban population in kenya. | to examine the relationship between socioeconomic status (ses), risk factors for hiv infection and hiv status in an urban population with high prevalence of hiv infection in sub-saharan africa. | 2002 | 12225512 |
| expression of genes for cytokines and cytokine-related functions in leukocytes infected with herpes simplex virus: comparison between resistant and susceptible mouse strains. | cytokines and chemokines play an important role in the first line of defence against viral infections. moreover, these groups of proteins also contribute significantly to regulation of the acquired immune response. therefore, knowledge of the expression of cytokines, chemokines and factors involved in their action may provide information about the immune reaction responsible for elimination of viral infections and for immune-mediated pathology. using cdna arrays, we have evaluated the expression ... | 2002 | 12231474 |
| novel dl-galactan hybrids from the red seaweed gymnogongrus torulosus are potent inhibitors of herpes simplex virus and dengue virus. | a novel series of dl-galactan hybrids extracted from the red seaweed gymnogongrus torulosus, was evaluated for its in vitro antiviral properties against herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and dengue virus 2 (den-2). these compounds were very active against both viruses with inhibitory concentration 50% (ic50) values in the range 0.6-16 microg/ml for hsv-2 and 0.19-1.7 microg/ml for den-2, respectively, as determined in a virus plaque reduction assay in vero cells. the dl-galactans lacked of cyt ... | 2002 | 12238532 |
| using the evidence base on genital herpes: optimising the use of diagnostic tests and information provision. | there have been several important advances in the range of available diagnostic tests for genital herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection in recent years; polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is emerging in routine clinical use and the potential role of type specific serological tests is currently under debate. several large trials of prophylactic vaccines, subsequently proved to be ineffective, have expanded knowledge of the transmission and epidemiology of hsv infection. this article discusses optimal ... | 2002 | 12238644 |
| seroprevalence of hsv-1 and hsv-2 infection in the general french population. | in spite of the large prevalence and growing incidence of herpes simplex infection (hsv-1 and hsv-2), relatively few large serological surveys are available worldwide and it is still difficult compare frequencies of hsv contaminations in various countries. we present the results of herpimax, the first epidemiological inquiry on hsv prevalence in the general french population. | 2002 | 12238654 |
| herpes simplex virus type-2 infection in pregnancy: no risk of fetal death: results from a nested case-control study within 35,940 women. | the aim of this study was to assess the association of fetal death with herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2) antibody status during pregnancy: 1. presence of antibodies in first trimester; 2. appearance of antibodies (incident infection); 3. increase in antibody titre; and 4. loss of antibodies. | 2002 | 12269678 |
| a screening dye-uptake assay to evaluate in vitro susceptibility of herpes simplex virus isolates to acyclovir. | the widespread use of acyclovir (acv) could increase the prevalence of herpes simplex virus (hsv) acv-resistant isolates, and a screening assay are thus important for routine surveillance of the acv susceptibility of hsv. a screening dye-uptake assay was developed, based on the conventional dye-uptake assay [j. biol. stand. 14 (1986) 201]. the susceptibility of hsv was measured by testing two virus dilutions (10(-1) and 10(-2)) against two acv concentrations (5 and 10 microm) on vero cells and e ... | 2002 | 12270654 |
| [the effect of kagocel on herpes virus reproduction]. | the effect of an original drug kagocel on the reproduction of herpes simplex virus including its mutant strains resistant to basic antiherpetic medicine acyclovir was evaluated. kagocel was shown to have a low cytotoxic effect on vero cell and inhibited reproduction of herpes virus type 1 and herpes virus type 2 in noncytotoxic concentrations. kagocel was also demonstrated to inhibit the reproduction of herpes virus type 1, resistant to combination of acyclovir and phosphonoacetic acid. detectio ... | 2002 | 12271726 |
| stds: flushing out the "hidden epidemic". | the rapid explosion of hiv infection ranks as the most significant event in the arena of sexually transmitted diseases (stds). in making efforts against hiv/aids, public health officials are now preparing to confront what is called "the hidden epidemic" of stds. important progress has been made in research in diagnosing and treating stds including urine-based screening for gonorrhea, single-dose treatments for curable stds, as well as improved chlamydia screening and treatment. while herpes si ... | 2000 | 12295506 |
| transient transfection of mouse fibroblasts with type i interferon transgenes provides various degrees of protection against herpes simplex virus infection. | type i interferons (ifn) constitute one of the initial and most potent components of the innate immune response against viral infections. while there is only one ifn-beta gene, there are several ifn-alpha genes whose products act through the same receptor calling into question the role of these gene products against viral infection. the focus of the present study was to compare the anti-viral state of cells transiently transfected with different murine type i ifn transgenes including ifn-alpha1, ... | 2002 | 12323398 |
| hiv-1 prevalence and herpes simplex virus 2, hepatitis c virus, and hepatitis b virus infections among male workers at a sugar estate in malawi. | hiv-1 prevalence is approximately 23% among men working at a sugar estate in malawi. given the scale of the hiv epidemic in this country, it is important to determine possible cofactors of infection. the authors investigated associations between hiv-1 prevalence and herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2), hepatitis c virus (hcv), and hepatitis b virus (hbv) infections (indicated by anti-hsv-2, anti-hcv and hbsag positivity, respectively) in a nested case-control study of 279 hiv-positive and 280 hiv-neg ... | 2002 | 12352155 |
| age-specific prevalence of infection with herpes simplex virus types 2 and 1: a global review. | information on age- and sex-specific prevalence of herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 2 and 1 infections is essential to optimize genital herpes control strategies, which increase in importance because accumulating data indicate that hsv-2 infection may increase acquisition and transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. this review summarizes data from peer-reviewed publications of type-specific hsv seroepidemiologic surveys. hsv-2 prevalence is, in general, highest in africa and the americas, ... | 2002 | 12353183 |
| challenges in genital herpes simplex virus management. | development of serologic assays to detect antibodies to herpes simplex virus (hsv) glycoproteins (g)g1 and (g)g2 has allowed accurate definition of the seroprevalence of hsv-2 worldwide. studies from all continents indicate epidemic proportions of hsv-2 infection. in the united states, 1 in 5 sexually active adults is infected. in africa and the caribbean, hsv prevalence is higher. since the development of the acyclic nucleoside derivatives acyclovir, famciclovir, and valacyclovir, treatment of ... | 2002 | 12353184 |
| genital shedding of herpes simplex virus among men. | epidemiologic studies suggest that most sexual transmission of genital herpes occurs when persons shed virus but lack lesions. this study assessed 79 men (63 with a history of genital herpes simplex virus [hsv] type 2 infection, 5 with a history of genital hsv-1 infection, and 11 with hsv-2 antibodies but no history of genital herpes) and obtained daily swabs for viral culture. hsv was isolated at least once from 60 (81%) hsv-2-seropositive men. the total viral shedding rate in hsv-2-seropositiv ... | 2002 | 12353185 |
| valacyclovir for herpes simplex virus infection: long-term safety and sustained efficacy after 20 years' experience with acyclovir. | an extensive clinical trial program combined with 5 years' postmarketing experience with valacyclovir provides evidence of favorable safety and efficacy in herpes simplex virus (hsv) management. valacyclovir enhances acyclovir bioavailability compared with orally administered acyclovir. long-term use of acyclovir for up to 10 years for hsv suppression is effective and well tolerated. acyclovir is also approved for use in children, is available in some countries over the counter in cream formulat ... | 2002 | 12353186 |
| progress in meeting today's demands in genital herpes: an overview of current management. | treatment of genital herpes requires accurate diagnosis, patient support, and effective treatment. diagnosis is usually straightforward for classic presentations characterized by vesicular lesions but can be challenging for atypical presentations, which are more common. diagnosis of asymptomatic infection requires access to molecular technology or type-specific serologic assays. misconceptions about herpes simplex infection are common and patient education is essential. patient concerns extend b ... | 2002 | 12353187 |
| clinical manifestations and treatment considerations of herpes simplex virus infection. | herpes simplex viruses (hsv) types 1 and 2 cause infections manifesting as dermatologic, immunologic, and neurologic disorders. some of the most important manifestations and complications of hsv infection are considered here in a neuroanatomic context. this discussion should aid in understanding the pathogenesis and, in some cases, diagnosis and management of associated hsv-related diseases. the sensory nervous system, rather than skin and mucous membranes, is the primary target of hsv infection ... | 2002 | 12353190 |
| serological testing for herpes simplex virus (hsv)-1 and hsv-2 infection. | serological tests for herpes simplex virus (hsv) that can accurately distinguish between hsv-1 and hsv-2 are now commercially available. these tests detect antibodies to hsv glycoproteins g-1 and g-2, which evoke a type-specific antibody response. focus technologies produces the herpeselect-1 and herpeselect-2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests and the hsv-1 and hsv-2 herpeselect1/2 immunoblot. diagnology has marketed pockit-hsv-2, a point-of-care test for hsv-2 that allows blood from a fin ... | 2002 | 12353203 |
| detection of herpes simplex virus type 2-specific immunoglobulin g antibodies in african sera by using recombinant gg2, western blotting, and gg2 inhibition. | sera (n = 781) from four african countries were used to determine the prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) antibodies by using the herpeselect hsv-2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa; focus technologies) and western blotting (wb). also, an hsv inhibition assay was developed to evaluate the discordant sample results between herpesselect and wb. the seroprevalence of hsv-2 ranged from 17% in the south african panel to nearly 70% in panels from kenya, uganda, and zimbabwe. overa ... | 2002 | 12354858 |
| prime-boost immunization with dna and modified vaccinia virus ankara vectors expressing herpes simplex virus-2 glycoprotein d elicits greater specific antibody and cytokine responses than dna vaccine alone. | several reports have indicated that prime-boost strategies of vaccination can enhance the level of specific immunity induced by nucleic acid vaccines. the present report describes such a strategy with herpes simplex virus (hsv)-2 glycoprotein d (gd), using combinations of plasmid vector that expresses gd (pgd2) and a recombinant modified vaccinia virus ankara vector that expresses gd (mva-gd2). the igg antibody response to gd and the hsv-2 neutralizing antibody response were greatest when the mv ... | 2002 | 12355355 |
| [a case of recurrent aseptic meningitis (mollaret meningitis) with back pain in which was detected the dna of herpes simplex virus type 2 in cerebrospinal fluid]. | we reported a 59-year-old woman with four episodes of recurrent self-limited aseptic meningitis. her episodes had resolved in 14-20 days without residural and all were marked clinically by acute headache, back pain, and nausea with fever. no concurrent systemic or genital symptoms or signs were present. csf analysis performed on the third day of her fourth episode of recurrent meningitis showed the dna of herpes simplex virus type 2 by means of the polymerase chain reaction method. acyclovir the ... | 2002 | 12355847 |
| critical residues in the cc' ridge of the human nectin1 receptor v domain enable herpes simplex virus entry into the cell and act synergistically with the downstream region. | the site on nectin1 receptor required for herpes simplex virus (hsv) entry into the cell was previously mapped to the 64-94 region, encompassing the predicted cc'c" region of the immunoglobulin v domain. within it lies a minimal hsv entry site (residues 77-94). here we transferred the 65-76 region (c strand and cc' loop) and portions, or single amino acids, thereof to nectin2, a homolog nonfunctional for wt hsv-1 entry. replacement of the seven- or of three-amino-acid-long stretches from nectin1 ... | 2002 | 12359441 |
| [current epidemiology of herpes]. | the epidemiology of herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections describes: the clinical picture varying from subclinical to severe in various age groups, latency and recurrent infections, the transmission through direct contact related to the localisation of the lesions (ano-uro-genital for hsv2, oro-labial for hsv1), the world wide human reservoir, the lack of seasonal peak of incidence and the exceptional limited outbreaks. serological and virological tests used for evaluating the frequency of acqui ... | 2002 | 12360695 |
| [herpetic infections and human immunodeficiency virus]. | co-infection by hiv and hsv viruses his known since aids epidemic has started. a better knowledge of the strong relations between the two viruses has demonstrated that hsv infection increases the rate of hiv transmission. hsv2 infection is occurring in younger people below 20 years old where incidence has much increased those last years, in teen agers with a high number of sexual partners. the increase in hiv infection and transmission in hsv positive patients leads to treat genital ulcers to de ... | 2002 | 12360700 |
| the memory effect of heteropolyoxotungstate (pm-19) pretreatment on infection by herpes simplex virus at the penetration stage. | the keggin-type heteropolyoxotungstate k(7)[pti(2)w(10)o(40)].6h(2)o (pm-19) is a potent polyoxometalate (pm) inhibitor of the replication of herpes simplex virus (hsv). pretreatment of vero cells with pm-19 prior to hsv-2 infection enhanced the antiviral potency of pm-19 almost 10-fold compared with treatment of the cells only after infection. the pretreatment effect of pm-19 is called "the memory effect". the memory effect was reflected by inhibition of plaque formation and decrease of intrace ... | 2002 | 12361699 |
| [meningitis caused by herpes simplex virus type 2]. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) is well-known as a cause of orolabial ulcers, whereas hsv-2 predominantly causes genital infections. furthermore, hsv can lead to severe infections in the central nervous system (cns). in adults, hsv encephalitis is predominantly caused by hsv-1, whereas hsv-2 mainly leads to aseptic meningitis, the symptoms of which are seen with or without concurrent genital ulcers. we describe four cases of hsv-2-associated aseptic meningitis. one of the patients had a prim ... | 2002 | 12362835 |
| novel mutations in the thymidine kinase and dna polymerase genes of acyclovir and foscarnet resistant herpes simplex viruses infecting an immunocompromised patient. | mutations in the thymidine kinase (tk) and dna polymerase (pol) genes of herpes simplex virus (hsv) may confer resistance to antiviral drugs, particularly in the context of immunosuppression induced by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). | 2002 | 12367650 |
| antiviral agents alter ability of hsv-2 to disrupt gap junctional intercellular communication between mammalian cells in vitro. | in cultured mammalian cells (vero), different antiviral agents change to differing degrees the ability of hsv2 to down-regulate gap junctions, each agent having a specific effect. measured by intracellular electrodes, control cell populations showed 49-51% coupling, uninfected populations treated with acyclovir or sds averaged 43-51% coupling while populations infected with hsv2 had coupling reduced to 8%. the antiviral agent acyclovir (1 microg/ml), which suppresses viral replication, failed to ... | 2002 | 12367720 |
| synergistic inhibition of herpesvirus replication by docosanol and antiviral nucleoside analogs. | interactions between docosanol (n-docosanol, behenyl alcohol) and nucleoside or pyrophosphate analogs were investigated in vitro. the anti-hsv activity of acyclovir (acv) was synergistically enhanced by treatment of cells with docosanol as judged by inhibition of progeny virus production and plaque formation. this drug interaction between acv and docosanol was observed with laboratory strains of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2), oral and genital clinical isolates of hsv, cyto ... | 2002 | 12367721 |
| herpes simplex virus and risk of cervical cancer: a longitudinal, nested case-control study in the nordic countries. | human papillomaviruses (hpvs) play the major role in cervical carcinogenesis. the authors reevaluated the role of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in this multistage process by conducting a longitudinal, nested case-control study using 1974-1993 data and comparing the results with those from a meta-analysis of studies. a nordic cohort of 550,000 women was followed up for an average of 5 years, after which 178 cervical carcinoma cases and 527 controls were identified. hsv-2; hpv-16, hpv-18, an ... | 2002 | 12370156 |
| projection of the future dimensions and costs of the genital herpes simplex type 2 epidemic in the united states. | infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) currently affects approximately 22% of adult americans and increased markedly in prevalence between the late 1970s and early 1990s. although some estimates of the costs of prevalent disease due to hsv-2 are available, selection of interventions to prevent hsv-2 infection, as well as evaluation of their potential cost-effectiveness, should take into account projected future costs that will result if the epidemic is left unchecked. | 2002 | 12370529 |
| a cell line that secretes inducibly a reporter protein for monitoring herpes simplex virus infection and drug susceptibility. | a cell line modified genetically (vero-icp10-seap) that responds to infection by herpes simplex virus (hsv) was established. the cell line was constructed by stable transfection of vero cell with a plasmid encoding the secreted alkaline phosphatase (seap) driven by the promoter of the hsv-2 icp10 gene. following infection with hsv, the stable line secretes a high level of the seap in the supernatants as measured by a chemiluminescence-based assay. the detection system is sensitive to an hsv tite ... | 2002 | 12376969 |
| [ehf-therapy of herpetic keratouveitis]. | a device bik for active suppression of infection has been used against herpes virus infection type 1 and 2 in 72 patients with keratouveitis. the immunological and genotypic monitoring show that patients with herpetic keratouveitis after bik treatment have lower titers of antiherpetic antibodies, normal cellular and humoral immunity, weaker viremia and reduced quantity of viral material in corneal tissue. this positive effect persisted for 8-12 months. thus, bik device provides a definite, prolo ... | 2002 | 12380532 |
| modulation of the immune response mediated by oral transgene administration of il-10. | in the current study, we analyze the immunomodulatory effect of oral transgene administration of il-10 using a mice model of viral inflammation. salmonella harboring a plasmid encoding the il-10 gene (slil10) was administered by the oral route together with salmonella carrying a plasmid encoding the glycoprotein d or b (slgd, slgb) of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). this resulted in a high inhibition of the cellular and human immune response against the viral proteins. when mice immunized a ... | 2002 | 12381352 |
| use of immunostimulatory sequence-containing oligonucleotides as topical therapy for genital herpes simplex virus type 2 infection. | synthetic oligonucleotides containing cpg motifs in specific sequence contexts have been shown to induce potent immune responses. we have evaluated mucosal administration of two immunostimulatory sequence (iss)-containing phosphorothioate-stabilized oligonucleotides for antiherpetic efficacy in animal models. the iss oligonucleotides, suspended in phosphate-buffered saline, were tested in mouse and guinea pig vaginal models of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection. for comparison, groups ... | 2002 | 12388699 |
| the r1 subunit of herpes simplex virus ribonucleotide reductase protects cells against apoptosis at, or upstream of, caspase-8 activation. | the r1 subunit of herpes simplex virus (hsv) ribonucleotide reductase, which in addition to its c-terminal reductase domain possesses a unique n-terminal domain of about 400 amino acids, is thought to have an additional, as yet unknown, function. here, we report that the full-length hsv-2 r1 has an anti-apoptotic function able to protect cells against death triggered by expression of r1(delta2-357), an hsv-2 r1 subunit with its first 357 amino acids deleted. we further substantiate the r1 anti-a ... | 2002 | 12388814 |
| excretion of herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein d into the culture medium. | glycoprotein d (gd) of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) was excreted from infected cells into the medium. peptide mapping analysis and lectin binding assays suggested that the gd in the medium is secreted after full glycosylation and cleavage at its c terminus. release of hsv-2 gd was inhibited by addition of either tunicamycin or brefeldin a, suggesting that the gd in the medium was secreted through the endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus. | 2002 | 12388815 |
| modification of primary and recurrent genital herpes in guinea pigs by passive immunization. | guinea pigs were administered antiserum 24 h (as+24) or 72 h (as+72) after intravaginal herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) challenge. treatment at either time reduced acute virus replication in the dorsal root ganglia and the overall magnitude of replication in the genital tract. in two studies, as+24 treatment significantly reduced the severity of primary genital skin disease and the frequency of subsequent spontaneous recurrent disease. in contrast, as+72 treatment produced a modest reduction ... | 2002 | 12388816 |
| immune up-regulation and tumor apoptosis by androstene steroids. | beta androstenes steroid up-regulates immunity to increase resistance against lethal infection and lethal radiation, and mediates a rapid recovery of hematopoietic precursor cells after radiation injury. beta androstenetriol increases the levels of the th(1) cytokines, il-2, il-3, ifn gamma and counteracts hydrocortisone mediated immune suppression. in contrast, 17 alpha androstenediol inhibits proliferation and mediates apoptosis in tumor cells of murine and human origin. its epimer 17beta andr ... | 2002 | 12398992 |
| neonatal herpes infection: diagnosis, treatment and prevention. | approximately 2000 neonates contract infection due to herpes simplex virus each year in the united states. although herpes simplex virus type 2 is responsible for most neonatal infections, approximately 30% of infections are caused by herpes simplex virus type 1. infections are categorized by extent of disease into skin/eye/mouth, central nervous system and disseminated disease categories. each disease category is responsible for roughly one third of neonatal infections. mortality is highest in ... | 2002 | 12401298 |
| help for herpes. | 2002 | 12403309 | |
| a double-blind study of the efficacy and safety of the icp10deltapk vaccine against recurrent genital hsv-2 infections. | a randomized double-blind trial to evaluate the safety of a novel recombinant virus, icp10deltapk, for reduction or prevention of recurrent herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection was carried out in public hospitals in mexico city. persons having a minimum of 5 documented herpetic recurrences in the previous year were randomized for vaccination. patients were examined within 72 hours of lesion occurrence. if accepted into the study, the patient was inoculated subcutaneously in the upper de ... | 2002 | 12403316 |
| seroprevalence and correlates of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in five sexually transmitted-disease clinics. | the seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection was studied among 4128 patients from sexually transmitted disease (std) clinics who were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of human immunodeficiency virus and std counseling efficacy. hsv-2 seroprevalence was 40.8% and was higher in women than in men (52.0% vs. 32.4%; p<.0001) and higher in blacks than in nonblacks (48.1% vs. 29.6%; p<.0001). among 14-19-year-old patients, 36.8% of black women and 25.8% of nonblack women ... | 2002 | 12404152 |
| antiviral activity of spirulina maxima against herpes simplex virus type 2. | spirulina has been used in a variety of practical applications in biotechnology and medical sciences. this paper presents the antiviral activity found in a hot water extract (hwe) of a commercial preparation of spirulina maxima, studied by a microplate inhibition assay, using several viruses. the hwe inhibited the infection for: herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), pseudorabies virus (prv), human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), and hsv-1, and the 50% effective inhibition doses (ed(50)) were 0.069, 0.103 ... | 2002 | 12406511 |
| synthesis and biological activity of strongly fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir and ganciclovir. | in search of strongly fluorescent tricyclic analogues of acyclovir (acv, 1) and ganciclovir (gcv, 2), derivatives of the 3,9-dihydro-9-oxo-5h-imidazo[1,2-a]purine system, several 6-[4-(acyloxy)phenyl], 6-[4-(acylamino)phenyl], and 6-[4-(phenoxycarbonyloxy)phenyl]-substituted tacv and tgcv analogues were synthesized and evaluated for their activity against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in cell culture. all tacv and tgcv analogues showed strong fluorescence (quantum yield of 30-65% vs 2-amino ... | 2002 | 12408716 |
| hiv dynamics and behaviour change as determinants of the impact of sexually transmitted disease treatment on hiv transmission in the context of the rakai trial. | to assess how the impact of sexually transmitted disease (std) treatment on hiv incidence varies between stages of the hiv epidemic. | 2002 | 12409743 |
| impact of infectious burden on progression of carotid atherosclerosis. | recent findings suggest a causative role of infections in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. the extent of atherosclerosis and the prognosis of patients with atherosclerosis seem to be increased by the number of infections to which an individual has been exposed. in a prospective study, we evaluated the effect of 8 pathogens and the aggregate pathogen burden on the progression of carotid atherosclerosis. | 2002 | 12411646 |
| intercellular trafficking of herpes simplex virus type 2 ul14 deletion mutant proteins. | the ul14 gene product of herpes simplex virus is a 32kda protein expressed late in infection and is a minor component of the virion tegument. we recently showed that the wild-type ul14 protein has heat shock protein (hsp)-like and/or molecular chaperone-like functions. in this study, the intracellular localization of ul14 wild-type and deletion mutant proteins was examined in transfected cells by immunofluorescence. we found that n-terminus deleted but not wild-type/c-terminus deleted mutant pro ... | 2002 | 12413948 |
| efficiency of reconstitution of immunoglobulin g from blood specimens dried on filter paper and utility in herpes simplex virus type-specific serology screening. | the performance of studies using sera from remote locations is greatly facilitated if whole-blood samples dried on filter paper are shown to be compatible with the serologic assay being employed. since dried blood samples do not require immediate refrigeration, occupy little space, and are easily transported, they may be used for evaluating the seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 in geographic locations where laboratory resources are limited. we evaluated the utility ... | 2002 | 12414771 |
| use of a single monoclonal antibody to determine the susceptibilities of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 clinical isolates to acyclovir. | this report describes a flow cytometry drug susceptibility assay that uses a single fluorochrome-labeled monoclonal antibody to determine the acyclovir susceptibilities of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 or type 2 clinical isolates. this assay yields 50% effective doses (drug concentrations that reduce the number of antigen-positive cells by 50%) for hsv clinical isolates that are equivalent to those obtained with the plaque reduction assay. | 2002 | 12414779 |
| immunization with combined hsv-2 glycoproteins b2 : d2 gene dnas: protection against lethal intravaginal challenges in mice. | the immunity of a combined dna vaccine of hsv-2 glycoproteins b2 (gb2) and d2 (gd2) genes in comparison to individual vaccines was studied with regard to protecting against the hsv infection. two recombinant dna vaccines of the phs2-gb2 or phs2-gd2 were constructed and formulated. the neutralizing antibody titers appeared higher in the b2 : d2 gene cocktail-vaccinated mice than that of the individual b2 or d2 gene-vaccinated group alone, and the positive kos control induced higher titer of the n ... | 2002 | 12416680 |
| targeting apoptosis in neurological disease using the herpes simplex virus. | herpes simplex viruses type 1 (hsv-1) and 2 (hsv-2) cause central nervous system (cns) disease ranging from benign aseptic meningitis to fatal encephalitis. in adults, cns infection with hsv-2 is most often associated with aseptic meningitis while hsv-1 frequently produces severe, focal encephalitis associated with high mortality and morbidity. recent studies suggested that the distinct neurological outcome of cns infection with the two viruses may be due to their distinct modulation of apoptoti ... | 2002 | 12417051 |
| characterization of b virus glycoprotein antibodies induced by dna immunization. | genes encoding glycoproteins gb, gc, gd, ge, and gg of herpes b virus (species cercopithecine herpesvirus 1) were cloned into mammalian expression vector pcdna3.1/v5-his. abilities of the plasmid constructs to express recombinant glycoproteins were confirmed by western blot analysis of transfected cho-k1 and cos-7 cells. antibody production was induced in rabbits by intramuscular injections with the expression constructs at four-weekly intervals. antibodies to gb were detected after the second d ... | 2002 | 12417944 |
| herpes simplex virus-2 as a human papillomavirus cofactor in the etiology of invasive cervical cancer. | human papillomavirus (hpv) infection is the main cause of invasive cervical cancer, but cofactors may act in conjunction with hpv. we performed a pooled analysis of seven case-control studies to examine the effect of one possible hpv cofactor, herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) infection, in the etiology of invasive cervical cancer. | 2002 | 12419786 |
| torch agents in pregnant saudi women. | to determine the seroprevalence rates of igg to common torch agents in pregnant saudi women using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | 2002 | 12424411 |
| antioxidant and antiviral activities of euphorbia thymifolia l. | the antioxidant and antiviral activities of euphorbia thymifolia l. (euphorbiaceae) were investigated in this study. the results showed that all of the fractions (meoh, chcl(3), etoac, n-butanol and water) and pure compounds (3-o-galloyl-4,6-(s)-hhdp-d-glucose, rugosin b and 1,3,4,6-tetra-o-galloyl-k-beta-d-glucose)tested possessed antioxidant activities, with the exception of the organic aqueous fraction in the anti-lipid and anti-superoxide formation assays. the range of ic(50) of anti-lipid f ... | 2002 | 12432232 |
| ethnic variation in type of genital herpes simplex virus infection in a south london genitourinary medicine clinic. | the aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2 in the study population and correlate the results with clinical and demographic details. consecutive hsv isolates from 334 clinic attendees were typed by immunofluorescence. patient information was collected from the case notes. overall, hsv-1 was isolated from 48 and hsv-2 from 287 samples, respectively. there was no significant difference in isolation rates according to gender. however, 33% of ... | 2003 | 12436485 |
| prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 antibody in cameroon. | genital herpes is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases. as a leading cause of genital ulceration, herpes genitalis plays a role in facilitating the transmission of hiv. although hiv infection is most prevalent in cameroon, information is lacking about prevalence of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 infection in this country. | 2002 | 12438898 |
| prevalence and determinants of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in a cohort of hiv-positive individuals in italy. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infections may be a risk factor for the transmission of hiv. data on the prevalence of hsv-2 infection among hiv-positive individuals are scarce. | 2002 | 12438902 |
| seroprevalences of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 among pregnant women in the netherlands. | in the netherlands 73% of cases of neonatal herpes are caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), whereas in the united states a majority are caused by hsv type 2 (hsv-2). goal to understand this difference we undertook a seroepidemiological study on the prevalence of hsv-1 and hsv-2 among pregnant women. | 2002 | 12438909 |
| [morphological aspects of the placenta in women - carriers of cytomegalovirus and herpes infections]. | a macro- and microscopic study was made into the placenta in those women who are carriers of cytomegalo- and herpes virus-associated infections. development of chronic fetoplacental insufficiency manifested by gain in the mass of the placenta, volume of macropathology, has been found to be a prominent feature of the placenta in the above female subjects. histologic studies suggest to us that development of the fetoplacental insufficiency is related to immaturity of the villious chorion, diffuse ... | 2002 | 12442526 |
| database searching for thymidine and thymidylate kinase inhibitors using three-dimensional structure-based methods. | structure-based drug design methods were used to search for novel inhibitors of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) thymidine kinase and mycobacterium tuberculosis thymidylate kinase. the method involved the use of crystal structure complexes to guide database searching for potential inhibitors. a number of weak inhibitors of hsv-2 were identified, one of which was found to inhibit hsv-1 tk and hsv-1 tk-deficient viral strains. each compound tested against m. tuberculosis thymidylate kinase was ... | 2002 | 12443042 |
| gfs, a preparation of tasmanian undaria pinnatifida is associated with healing and inhibition of reactivation of herpes. | we sought to assess whether gfs, a proprietary preparation of tasmanian undaria pinnatifida, has effects on healing or re-emergence of herpetic infections, and additionally, to assess effects of gfs in vitro. undaria is the most commonly eaten seaweed in japan, and contains sulphated polyanions and other components with potential anti-viral activity. herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infections have lower reactivation rates and herpes type 2 (hsv-2) infections have lower incidence in japan tha ... | 2002 | 12443533 |
| glycoprotein-d-adjuvant vaccine to prevent genital herpes. | an effective prophylactic vaccine would help control the spread of genital herpes. | 2002 | 12444179 |
| the beginning of the end for cervical cancer? | 2002 | 12444186 | |
| performance characteristics of a glycoprotein g based oligopeptide (peptide 55) and two different methods using the complete glycoprotein as assays for detection of anti-hsv-2 antibodies in human sera. | assays for serological diagnosis of hsv-2 infection in clinical settings have been generally available only recently. we wanted to investigate and compare the diagnostic utility of three different elisas for detection of anti-hsv-2 igg antibodies, using intact glycoprotein g or an oligopeptide from a portion of the protein as antigens. hsv-1 negative/hsv-2 negative sera (n = 32), hsv-1 positive/hsv-2 negative sera (n = 30) and sera from hsv-2 culture positive individuals (n = 36), collected at l ... | 2003 | 12445934 |
| viral titers and delayed facial palsy after acoustic neuroma surgery. | delayed facial palsy (dfp) after acoustic neuroma surgery has been reported to occur in up to one third of cases. reactivation of latent virus has been proposed as an etiology for dfp. however, only retrospective case reports and case series have offered data to support this theory. the objective of this study was to correlate dfp with change in viral titers. patients and methods: twenty consecutive patients who underwent acoustic neuroma surgery were prospectively evaluated for viral titers imm ... | 2002 | 12447236 |
| changes in plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 rna associated with herpes simplex virus reactivation and suppression. | in early trials of antiretroviral therapy, acyclovir was associated with increased survival by an unknown mechanism. the hypothesis that subclinical herpes simplex virus (hsv) reactivation was associated, in vivo, with increased plasma human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) rna and suppression with a reduced plasma hiv rna load was investigated. hsv cultures were performed daily on hsv-2-positive/hiv-positive patients, and plasma hiv-1 rna loads were measured at regular intervals. a subset of patien ... | 2002 | 12447756 |
| polysulfonates derived from metal thiolate complexes as inhibitors of hiv-1 and various other enveloped viruses in vitro. | sodium 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate reacts with the metal ions pd(ii), pt(ii), ag(i), cd(ii) and zn(ii) to yield complexes containing multiple anionic sulfonate sites. on the basis of spectroscopic and other analytical data the complexes were assigned the tentative molecular formulas: pd6(sch2ch2so3na)12, ptn(sch2ch2so3na)2n+2, agn(sch2ch2so3na)n, na2zn4(sch2ch2so3na)10, and na2cd4(sch2ch2so3na)10. the complexes displayed a variety of differences in activity towards dna and rna viruses. the platinu ... | 2002 | 12448691 |
| a thymidine phosphorylase-stable analogue of bvdu with significant antiviral activity. | (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)isodideoxyuridine (bvisoddu), synthesized on the basis of molecular modeling, is selectively active against hsv-1 (three different strains) but inactive against hsv-2. unlike bvdu, bvisoddu is completely resistant to cleavage by thymidine phosphorylase. bvisoddu is also the first nucleoside analogue lacking oh groups at both the 2'- and 3'-position that shows pronounced activity against hsv-1 replication. | 2002 | 12459010 |
| a community randomized controlled trial to investigate impact of improved std management and behavioural interventions on hiv incidence in rural masaka, uganda: trial design, methods and baseline findings. | to describe study design, methods and baseline findings of a behavioural intervention alone and in combination with improved management of sexually transmitted diseases (stds) aimed at reducing hiv incidence and other stds. | 2002 | 12460397 |
| association between cervical shedding of herpes simplex virus and hiv-1. | to investigate the association between the cervical shedding of herpes simplex virus (hsv) and hiv-1. | 2002 | 12461416 |
| transmission of human herpesvirus 8 by sexual activity among adults in lagos, nigeria. | human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) infection is common in africa, but prevalence varies geographically. studies in europe and america suggest spread through homosexual contact, but evidence of heterosexual spread is inconsistent. we examined the association between hhv-8 and markers of risky sexual activity in nigeria. | 2002 | 12461423 |
| [herpetic meningo-encephalitis]. | herpes simplex encephalitis is characterized by a very poor prognosis. hsv1 and hsv2 are the two viruses responsible for this neurological infection. the gold standard assay for the diagnosis is pcr on csf. however, one should not wait for the result of this assay to initiate an antiviral treatment, using i.v. aciclovir. | 2002 | 12469514 |
| antivirals in the prevention of genital herpes. | genital herpes remains one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. despite best efforts to prevent sexually transmitted diseases in the era of aids, the incidence of genital herpes continues to rise, and evidence that herpes simplex virus type 2 is a significant cofactor in the transmission of hiv infection is mounting. because of the common psychosocial consequences of genital herpes transmission, prevention modalities against transmission of genital herpes are urgently required fro ... | 2002 | 12470605 |
| routine use of hsv-1 and hsv-2 antibody testing. | 2002 | 12470607 | |
| prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in women in busan, south korea. | to investigate the prevalence of and the risk factors for human papillomavirus (hpv) infection in south korea, we interviewed and examined a randomly selected sample of 863 sexually active women (age range = 20-74 years, median 44) and 103 self-reported virgins from busan. the presence of dna of 34 different hpv types in cervical exfoliated cells was tested among sexually active women by means of a pcr-based assay. igg antibodies against l1 virus-like particles (anti-vlps) of hpv types 16, 18, 3 ... | 2003 | 12471626 |
| an evidence based approach to testing for antibody to herpes simplex virus type 2. | to establish whether a simple risk scoring system, based on limited information, can reflect the variation in hsv-2 prevalence in a population, and whether a common system can be used across settings. to establish whether knowledge of a patient's score can aid the interpretation of the result from one of the commercial type specific assays. | 2002 | 12473804 |
| aborted genital herpes simplex virus lesions: findings from a randomised controlled trial with valaciclovir. | in prospective trials, episodic valaciclovir significantly increased the chance of preventing or aborting the development of painful vesicular genital herpes simplex virus (hsv) lesions compared with placebo. we explored the clinical outcome of aborted lesions and its association with early treatment in a study designed to compare 3 and 5 days' treatment with valaciclovir. | 2002 | 12473805 |
| phosphorylation of cytokeratin 17 by herpes simplex virus type 2 us3 protein kinase. | we previously reported the establishment of an hep2 cell line which expresses the us3 protein kinase (pk) of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) upon induction with iptg. here we report that expression, phosphorylation and ubiquitination of cytokeratin 17 (ck17) are enhanced in us3-expressing hep2 cells. in vitro kinase and co-immunoprecipitation assays provided evidence that us3 pk directly phosphorylates ck17. expression of us3 pk caused a significant decrease in filamentous staining of ck17, ... | 2002 | 12477250 |
| images in clinical medicine. herpetic encephalitis and acute retinal necrosis. | 2002 | 12477943 | |
| [viruses and glomerulonephritis]. | 2002 | 12479009 | |
| antitumor activity and metabolic activation of n-methanocarbathymidine, a novel thymidine analogue with a pseudosugar rigidly fixed in the northern conformation, in murine colon cancer cells expressing herpes simplex thymidine kinase. | n-methanocarbathymidine [(n)-mct], a thymidine analogue incorporating a pseudosugar with a fixed northern conformation, exhibits antiherpetic activity against both herpes simplex virus (hsv) hsv-1 and hsv-2, with a potency greater than that of the reference standard, ganciclovir (gcv). in the present study, we have assessed the cytotoxic activity in vitro of (n)-mct in wild-type murine colon cancer cells (mc38) and in cells expressing the herpes simplex thymidine kinase gene (mc38/hsv-tk), and t ... | 2002 | 12479218 |
| polymerase chain reaction analysis of aqueous humour samples in necrotising retinitis. | aim: to evaluate the diagnostic value of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) performed on aqueous humour for the detection of viral dna in patients with necrotising herpetic retinitis. | 2003 | 12488268 |