Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| assessment of the risk of foodborne transmission and burden of hepatitis e in switzerland. | the objective of this study was i) to quantify the risk of hepatitis e for swiss consumers by specified pork products and ii) to estimate the total burden of human food-borne hepatitis e in switzerland. a quantitative risk assessment from slaughter to consumption was carried out according to the codex alimentarius framework. in the hazard characterization, assumptions were made due to the lack of a dose-response relationship for oral exposure to hepatitis e virus (hev). the prevalence of hev in ... | 2017 | 27919006 |
| full-length genomic sequence analysis of new subtype 3k hepatitis e virus isolates with 99.97% nucleotide identity obtained from two consecutive acute hepatitis patients in a city in northeast japan. | full-length genomic sequences of hepatitis e virus (hev) obtained from two consecutive cases of acute self-limiting hepatitis e in a city in northeast japan were determined. interestingly, two hev isolates from each patient shared nucleotide identity of 99.97% in 7 225 nucleotides, and a phylogenetic analysis showed that they formed a cluster of japanese isolates that is considered as a new hev subtype 3k. the high similarity of hev sequences of two isolates from these patients in this study sug ... | 2016 | 27922191 |
| variability in the performance characteristics of igg anti-hev assays and its impact on reliability of seroprevalence rates of hepatitis e. | hepatitis e is a major public health problem in developing countries and is increasingly being recognized as a cause of substantial sporadic viral hepatitis infections in industrialized countries. variable rates of hepatitis e seroprevalence have been reported from the same geographic regions depending on the assay used. in this study, we evaluated the performance characteristics of four assays which included two commercial assays, wantai hev-igg elisa kit (wantai, china), and ds-eia-anti-hev-g ... | 2016 | 27922197 |
| hepatitis e virus: western cape, south africa. | to conduct a prospective assessment of anti-hepatitis e virus (hev) igg seroprevalence in the western cape province of south africa in conjunction with evaluating risk factors for exposure. | 2016 | 27956810 |
| hepatitis e virus infection after platelet transfusion in an immunocompetent trauma patient. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection causes acute liver disease, but severe infections are rare in immunocompetent patients. we describe a case of hev infection in a previously healthy male trauma patient in france who received massive transfusions. genotyping confirmed hev in a transfused platelet pool and the donor. | 2017 | 27983485 |
| hepatitis e virus in wild boars and spillover infection in red and roe deer, germany, 2013-2015. | to determine animal hepatitis e virus (hev) reservoirs, we analyzed serologic and molecular markers of hev infection among wild animals in germany. we detected hev genotype 3 strains in inner organs and muscle tissues of a high percentage of wild boars and a lower percentage of deer, indicating a risk for foodborne infection of humans. | 2017 | 27983488 |
| acute hepatitis e presenting with clinical feature of autoimmune hepatitis. | a 32-year-old immigrant man presented with new onset jaundice. his past medical history was significant for type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. his initial laboratory finding and liver biopsy were suggestive of autoimmune hepatitis (aih). the plan was to start steroids pending negative results for viral serology, but it came back positive for hepatitis e virus. the patient's liver function test and clinical condition improved significantly on conservative management over ... | 2016 | 27987286 |
| a novel avian-like hepatitis e virus in wild aquatic bird, little egret (egretta garzetta), in hungary. | hepatitis e virus (hev), family hepeviridae, has public health concerns because of its zoonotic potential; however, the host species spectrum, animal to animal transmissions, the natural chain of hepevirus infections and the genetic diversity of hev in wildlife especially in birds are less known. using random amplification and next generation sequencing technology a genetically divergent avian hev was serendipitously identified in wild bird in hungary. hev rna was detected with high faecal viral ... | 2016 | 27989815 |
| hepatitis e virus infection and hepatic gvhd in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients. | 2017 | 27991886 | |
| surveillance at private laboratories identifies small outbreaks of hepatitis e in urban bangladesh. | although large outbreaks of hepatitis e are regularly identified in south asia, the majority of south asian countries lack surveillance systems for this disease, which has hindered burden of disease estimates and prioritization of resources for prevention. our study aimed to identify small hepatitis e outbreaks through a sentinel private laboratory in dhaka, bangladesh. we identified patients with detectable igm antibody against hepatitis e virus. we defined a small outbreak as at least two labo ... | 2017 | 27994104 |
| knowledge is safety: the time is ripe for hepatitis e virus blood donor screening. | 2016 | 27994530 | |
| specific memory b cell response and participation of cd4(+) central and effector memory t cells in mice immunized with liposome encapsulated recombinant ne protein based hepatitis e vaccine candidate. | liposome encapsulated neutralizing epitope protein of hepatitis e virus (hev), rnep, our hepatitis e vaccine candidate, was shown to be immunogenic and safe in pregnant and non-pregnant mice and yielded sterilizing immunity in rhesus monkeys. | 2016 | 27997340 |
| hev infection in french hiv-infected patients. | the reported prevalence of anti-hepatitis e virus antibodies in hiv-positive patients from industrialized countries varies greatly. it is also difficult to compare these data with the anti-igg prevalence in the general population because age and sex are not matched in most studies. moreover, msm are at increased risk of viral hepatitis. | 2017 | 27998748 |
| development of a vivo rabbit ligated intestinal loop model for hcmv infection. | human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infections can be found throughout the body, especially in epithelial tissue. animal model was established by inoculation of hcmv (strain ad-169) or coinoculation with hepatitis e virus (hev) into the ligated sacculus rotundus and vermiform appendix in living rabbits. the specimens were collected from animals sacrificed 1 and a half hours after infection. | 2016 | 27999668 |
| structure determination of a human virus by the combination of cryo-em and x-ray crystallography. | virus 3d atomic structures provide insight into our understanding of viral life cycles and the development of antiviral drugs. x-ray crystallography and cryo-em have been used to determine the atomic structure of viruses. however, limited availability of biological samples, biosafety issues due to virus infection, and sometimes inherent characteristics of viruses, pose difficulties on combining both methods in determining viral structures. these have made solving the high resolution structure of ... | 2016 | 28018964 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus antibodies in portuguese children. | hepatitis e virus (hev) has become a growing public health concern in industrialized countries. most of the hev seroprevalence studies have focused on adult populations and reports regarding hev seroepidemiology among children are scarce in these countries. the aims of the present work were to perform a nationwide seroprevalence study on hev infection in portuguese children and to compare the hev seropositivity in this 2015 children cohort with results in sera performed 20 years earlier. | 2016 | 28033239 |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus infection among blood donors in mainland china: a meta-analysis. | the risk of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection from blood transfusion has raised increasing concern in many countries. several transfusion-transmitted cases have been described in the united kingdom and japan. the objective was to investigate the prevalence of hev infection among chinese blood donors and analyze the potential risk of hev infection through blood transfusion in china. | 2017 | 28035774 |
| high clinical manifestation rate in an imported outbreak of hepatitis e genotype 1 infection in a german group of travellers returning from india. | background. there are only few reports about travel-associated, imported tropical hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 1 infections within western travellers. we describe the clinical course of a single outbreak of hepatitis e in a german travellers group returning from india and compare the results of two commercial hev-seroassays. | 2017 | 28051793 |
| prevalence of foodborne viruses in mussels in southern italy. | in this study, the prevalence of various enteric viruses in mytilus galloprovincialis (mediterranean mussel) belonging to class a and class b mollusc-harvesting areas in the campania region in southern italy was evaluated. one hundred and eight mussels were analysed using real-time reverse transcription pcr during a 2-year collection period (2014-2015) to detect the following viruses: human norovirus (genogroups i and ii), rotavirus, astrovirus, sapovirus, aichivirus, hepatitis a virus and hepat ... | 2017 | 28054332 |
| hepatitis e virus seroprevalence among the general population in a livestock-dense area in the netherlands: a cross-sectional population-based serological survey. | recent serological studies indicate that hepatitis e virus (hev) is endemic in industrialised countries. the increasing trend in the number of autochthonous cases of hev genotype 3 in western european countries, stresses the importance to get insight in the exact routes of exposure. pigs are the main animal reservoir, and zoonotic food-borne transmission of hev is proven. however, infected pigs can excrete large amounts of virus via their faeces enabling environmental transmission of hev to huma ... | 2017 | 28056844 |
| clinical features of acute hepatitis e super-infections on chronic hepatitis b. | to examine the clinical features and risk factors for adverse outcomes in chronic hepatitis b (chb) superimposed with hepatitis e virus (hev). | 2016 | 28058019 |
| phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis e virus strains isolated from slaughter-age pigs in colombia. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a zoonotic virus that causes acute hepatitis in humans, and can be transmitted via the fecal-oral route. pigs are considered to be a reservoir for this infection-mainly where the disease is not endemic. in a previous study conducted in antioquia, which is a region in colombia where the production and consumption of pork meat is higher than in the rest of the country, the presence of anti-hev igg-type antibodies was reported in slaughter-age pigs. aiming to identify the ... | 2017 | 28063923 |
| familial hepatitis e outbreak linked to wild boar meat consumption. | an hiv-infected patient was diagnosed with acute hepatitis e infection in our hospital. an epidemiological inquiry was performed to collect demographic, food and animal exposure variables in order to identify the potential route of transmission. the patient reported that his family traditionally hunted wild boar for food. all family members were analysed for hepatitis e virus infection. additionally, route of transmission by wild boar meat consumption and prevalence of hev infection among wild b ... | 2017 | 28067990 |
| hepatitis e virus in industrialized countries: the silent threat. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the main cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide. its presence in developing countries has been documented for decades. developed countries were supposed to be virus-free and initially only imported cases were detected in those areas. however, sporadic and autochthonous cases of hev infection have been identified and studies reveal that the virus is worldwide spread. chronic hepatitis and multiple extrahepatic manifestations have also been associated with hev. we revi ... | 2016 | 28070522 |
| biological or pharmacological activation of protein kinase c alpha constrains hepatitis e virus replication. | although hepatitis e has emerged as a global health issue, there is limited knowledge of its infection biology and no fda-approved medication is available. aiming to investigate the role of protein kinases in hepatitis e virus (hev) infection and to identify potential antiviral targets, we screened a library of pharmacological kinase inhibitors in a cell culture model, a subgenomic hev replicon containing luciferase reporter. we identified protein kinase c alpha (pkcα) as an essential cell host ... | 2017 | 28077314 |
| hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in anti-hev immunoglobulin g-carrying patients after successful hepatitis c virus treatment: reactivation or reinfection? | although hepatitis e virus (hev) is regarded as a self-limiting infection and anti-hev antibodies seem to protect against reinfection, its pathogenesis is not well established. we describe 2 cases of acute symptomatic hev infection after hepatitis c therapy in patients carrying anti-hev immunoglobulin g antibodies, raising 2 major questions: reactivation or reinfection? | 2017 | 28077520 |
| investigation of underlying comorbidities as risk factors for symptomatic human hepatitis e virus infection. | symptomatic hepatitis e virus (hev) infection occurs in few infected subjects, and the risk factors are not completely known. | 2017 | 28078736 |
| high frequency of hepatitis e virus infection in swine from south brazil and close similarity to human hev isolates. | hepatitis e virus is responsible for acute and chronic liver infections worldwide. swine hepatitis e virus has been isolated in brazil, and a probable zoonotic transmission has been described, although data are still scarce. the aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of hepatitis e virus infection in pigs from a small-scale farm in the rural area of paraná state, south brazil. fecal samples were collected from 170 pigs and screened for hepatitis e virus rna using a duplex real-time r ... | 2017 | 28089613 |
| hepatitis e in singapore: a case-series and viral phylodynamics study. | the incidence of hepatitis e in singapore appears to be increasing. a retrospective case-series study of patients diagnosed with hepatitis e in a tertiary hospital from 2009 to 2013 was conducted. of 16 cases, eight (50%) were solid-organ transplant recipients (sotrs), and 14 (88%) were found infected by genotype 3 hepatitis e virus (hev-3). bayesian inferences based on hev subgenomic sequences from seven cases suggest that hev-3 strains were introduced to singapore as two principal lineages. wi ... | 2017 | 28093535 |
| hepatitis e virus orf3 is a functional ion channel required for release of infectious particles. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the leading cause of enterically transmitted viral hepatitis globally. of hev's three orfs, the function of orf3 has remained elusive. here, we demonstrate that via homophilic interactions orf3 forms multimeric complexes associated with intracellular endoplasmic reticulum (er)-derived membranes. hev orf3 shares several structural features with class i viroporins, and the function of hev orf3 can be maintained by replacing it with the well-characterized viroporin influe ... | 2017 | 28096411 |
| massive hemolysis causing renal failure in acute hepatitis e infection. | acute viral hepatitis is usually a self-limiting illness. however, it can lead to complications that can be life-threatening, such as acute liver failure. glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd) deficiency in the setting of acute viral hepatitis can lead to a massive hemolysis, manifesting as acute kidney injury and markedly raised bilirubin levels; although cases are rare. here, we report such a case. the patient had a viral hepatitis e infection and presented with kidney injury requiring dial ... | 2016 | 28097104 |
| comparison of hepatitis e virus nucleic acid test screening platforms and rna prevalence in french blood donors. | 2017 | 28097700 | |
| hepatitis e virus infection in solid organ transplant recipients, france. | the rate of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis e virus (hev) in transplant recipients is unknown. we identified 60 hev-positive solid organ transplant patients and retrospectively assessed their blood transfusions for hev. seven of 60 patients received transfusions; 3 received hev-positive blood products. transfusion is not the major route of infection in this population. | 2017 | 28098552 |
| disease burden of hepatitis e in a rural population in china: a community-based survey. | this study aimed to estimate the disease burden of hepatitis e in a rural region in china. a total of 489 hepatitis e cases were reported according to a community-based survey in an active hepatitis surveillance system between 2008 and 2015, the questionnaire and record-review methods were constructed to evaluate the economic and health burden of hepatitis e virus infections from societal perspectives. all costs were converted to us$ in 2015. the age-standardized cumulative incidence rate was 10 ... | 2017 | 28100286 |
| hepatitis e virus genotype 4 sequences detected in sewage from treatment plants of china. | the aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of hepatitis e virus (hev) in sewage samples in shen zhen, china. sewage samples were collected from 152 sewage plants including livestock sewage, domestic sewage and treated sewage from may to july of 2015. two of 152 samples were hev positive (1.32%) from the livestock sewage plants. partial orf2 fragments of hev were sequenced and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using mega5.1. blast and phylogenetic analyses showed that both of these ... | 2017 | 28110375 |
| hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in ireland. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a single stranded rna virus causing infection worldwide. in developing countries hev genotypes 1 and 2 spread faeco-orally via water. recently, infections with hev have been detected in europe and north america in patients with no travel history. these are food-borne hev genotypes 3 and 4, a pig-associated zoonosis. most infections are asymptomatic but morbidity and chronic infection may occur with prior liver disease or immunosuppression. international seroprevalence ... | 2016 | 28124851 |
| detection of genotype 4 swine hepatitis e virus in systemic tissues in cross-species infected rabbits. | increasing evidence demonstrates that hepatitis e virus (hev) can be transmitted across species. according to previous reports, swine hev has two genotypes, genotype 3 and 4, and both can infect humans by the fecal-oral route. thus, it is crucial for the control of hev zoonotic transmission to evaluate the dynamics of viral shedding and distribution in different tissues during cross-species infection by hev. in this study, rabbits were infected with genotype 4 swine hev by the intraperitoneal ro ... | 2017 | 28129390 |
| acute liver failure due to hepatitis e virus infection is associated with better survival than other etiologies in indian patients. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a global disease and an important cause of acute liver failure (alf) in the indian subcontinent. the aim of this study was to assess the differences in the course of hev-alf as compared to other etiologies of alf. | 2017 | 28130708 |
| cytokine signatures discriminate highly frequent acute hepatitis a virus and hepatitis e virus co-infections from mono-infections in mexican pediatric patients. | the frequency of hav and hev infections and their cytokine profiles were analyzed in mexican pediatric patients with acute hepatitis. a high frequency of co-infections was found. significant overexpression of il-4, il-12, il-13 and ifn-gamma during hav mono-infections and limited secretion of cytokines in hev infections were observed. | 2017 | 28134747 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis e among boston area travelers, 2009-2010. | we determined the prevalence of igg antibodies to hepatitis e virus (anti-hev igg) among travelers attending boston-area travel health clinics from 2009 to 2010. pre-travel samples were available for 1,356 travelers, with paired pre- and post-travel samples for 450 (33%). eighty of 1,356 (6%) pre-travel samples were positive for anti-hev igg. compared with participants who had never lived in nor traveled to a highly endemic country, the pre-travel prevalence odds ratio (por) of anti-hev igg amon ... | 2017 | 28138055 |
| designing, construction and expression of a recombinant fusion protein comprising the hepatitis e virus orf2 and rotavirus nsp4 in the baculovirus expression system. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) accounts for hepatitis e infection with relatively high mortality rate in pregnant women that can lead to fulminant hepatitis. the baculovirus expression system (bes) has the capability to produce high-level recombinant proteins and could be useful for vaccine designing. | 2016 | 28138375 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in a patient with suspected drug-induced liver injury. | a 58 years old woman, known case of multiple sclerosis, was referred to the acute medical assessment unit for worsening liver function. she was recently started on a new drug (fingolimod) for multiple sclerosis. after excluding common causes of acute hepatitis in the community, a working diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury was made. when liver enzymes kept rising, further investigations were carried out, which revealed acute hepatitis e virus (hev) infection. this finding was unexpected, as t ... | 2017 | 28143860 |
| unique clinical courses of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis e in patients with immunosuppression. | the high prevalence of specific immunoglobulin g for hepatitis e virus (hev) in japanese people raises the possibility of a high incidence of hev-viremic blood donors and therefore frequent transfusion-transmitted hev (tt-hev). | 2017 | 28144952 |
| cost-effectiveness of the screening of blood donations for hepatitis e virus in the netherlands. | the incidence of hepatitis e virus (hev) has increased substantially in europe recently, thereby threatening blood safety. a cost-effectiveness analysis for hev screening of blood donations in the netherlands was performed. | 2017 | 28144956 |
| high seroprevalence against hepatitis e virus in patients with chronic hepatitis c virus infection. | hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 3 is endemic in europe. superinfection with hev in patients with underlying chronic liver disease can cause hepatic decompensation leading to increased morbidity and mortality. | 2017 | 28160727 |
| hepatitis e infection among ghanaians: a systematic review. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is considered to be of significant public health importance in many developing countries. in this review, we aim to summarise studies on hev with the aim of providing a further understanding of the epidemiology of the disease in ghana. | 2017 | 28162095 |
| hepatitis e virus in bottlenose dolphins tursiops truncatus. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infects several animal species that act as zoonotic reservoirs for viral transmission. solid and liquid residues from infected animals could lead to hev contamination of food and surface waters. evidence of human hev infection through ingestion of seafood (shellfish, mussels) has been reported. dolphins generally feed on fish and squid but are able to adapt to an environment and consume whatever prey is available. clinical signs of infected dolphins include lethargy, inap ... | 2017 | 28177289 |
| a case of acute hepatitis e infection in a patient with non-hodgkin lymphoma treated successfully with ribavirin. | we present the case of a man who, following immunosuppressive treatment for non-hodgkin lymphoma, became infected with viral hepatitis e. acute hepatitis e virus infection should be considered in patients with deranged liver function on a background of haematological malignancies or immunosuppression, even without travel to endemic regions. whilst clearance is usually spontaneous in immune-competent individuals, these at-risk groups may develop a more complicated and protracted disease course. t ... | 2017 | 28182129 |
| molecular and structural changes related to hepatitis e virus (hev) antigen and its expression in testis inducing apoptosis in mongolian gerbil model. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection has been associated with a wide range of extrahepatic manifestations, so this study was designed to examine the effect and role of hev on structural and molecular changes in the testicular tissues of mongolian gerbils experimentally infected with swine hev. hev rna was first detected in testis at 14 day post inoculation and reached a peak between 28 to 42 days later with viral load between 3.12 logs g-¹ to 6.23 logs g-¹ by pcr assays. microscopic changes showed ... | 2017 | 28182318 |
| isolation of hepatitis e virus genotype 4 from patients with acute cryptogenic hepatitis in korea. | autochthonous hepatitis e occurs sporadically in developed countries. the consumption of undercooked pork containing hepatitis e virus genotype 3 (hev-3) or 4 (hev-4) is the major risk factor for infection. the serological diagnostic kits currently used in hospitals sometimes produce false-negative or -positive results. therefore, detection of both hev rna and antibodies to the virus is required for confirmative diagnosis of hepatitis e. | 2017 | 28189935 |
| incidence and molecular characterization of hepatitis e virus from swine in eastern cape, south africa. | hepatitis e virus-mediated infection is a serious public health concern in economically developing nations of the world. globally, four major genotypes of hev have been documented. hepatitis e has been suggested to be zoonotic owing to the increase of evidence through various studies. thus far, this paper reports on prevalence of hepatitis e virus among swine herd in selected communal and commercial farms in the eastern cape province of south africa. a total of 160 faecal samples were collected ... | 2017 | 28191016 |
| the association of elevated alanine aminotransferase levels with hepatitis e virus infections among blood donors in china. | transfusion transmission of hepatitis e virus (hev) is an emerging health risk, yet blood donors are rarely screened for this pathogen. many blood centers instituted screening of blood donors for elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase (alt) levels to prevent hepatitis c virus, which has continued in china. we evaluated whether elevated alt levels were associated with hev among blood donors in china. | 2017 | 28194856 |
| hepatitis e risks: pigs or blood-that is the question. | infection with hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 3 is recognized as a food-borne zoonosis in developed countries where it usually causes a mild self-limited acute hepatitis. it may cause a persistent infection in the immunosuppressed human that can progress to cirrhosis. to protect the patient from transfusion-acquired hev infection, steps have been taken in the united kingdom to provide for at-risk patients only components from donors screened for hev viremia. this strategy does not protect from ... | 2017 | 28194857 |
| rig-i is a key antiviral interferon-stimulated gene against hepatitis e virus dispensable of interferon production. | interferons (ifns) are broad antiviral cytokines that exert their function by inducing the transcription of hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (isgs). however, little is known about the antiviral potential of these cellular effectors on hepatitis e virus (hev) infection, the leading cause of acute hepatitis globally. in this study, we profiled the antiviral potential of a panel of important human isgs on hev replication in cell culture models by overexpression of individual isg. the mechani ... | 2017 | 28195391 |
| prevalence and molecular characterization of the hepatitis e virus in retail pork products marketed in canada. | infection with the hepatitis e virus (hev) is very common worldwide. hev causes acute viral hepatitis with approximately 20 million cases per year. while hev genotypes 1 and 2 cause large waterborne and foodborne outbreaks with a significant mortality in developing countries, genotypes 3 and 4 are more prevalent in developed countries with transmission being mostly zoonotic. in north america and europe, hev has been increasingly detected in swine, and exposure to pigs and pork products is consid ... | 2017 | 28197972 |
| assessment and evaluation of an integrated hybrid anaerobic-aerobic sewage treatment system for the removal of enteric viruses. | the capability of a cost-effective and a small size decentralized pilot wastewater treatment plant (wwtp) to remove enteric viruses such as rotavirus, norovirus genogroup i (ggi), norovirus genogroup ii (ggii), hepatitis e virus (hev), and adenovirus was studied. this pilot plant is an integrated hybrid anaerobic/aerobic setup which consisted of anaerobic sludge blanket (uasb), biological aerated filter (baf), and inclined plate settler (ips). both the uasb and baf are packed with a non-woven po ... | 2017 | 28197973 |
| hepatitis e virus infects neurons and brains. | 2017 | 28199701 | |
| genotype-specific evolution of hepatitis e virus. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis globally. hev comprises four genotypes with different geographic distributions and host ranges. we utilise this natural case-control study for investigating the evolution of zoonotic viruses compared to single host viruses, using 244 near full length hev genomes. genome wide estimates of dn/ds located a region of overlapping reading frames, which is subject to positive selection in genotypes 3 and 4. the open reading frame ... | 2017 | 28202767 |
| molecular epidemiology and strain comparison between hepatitis e virus in human sera and pig livers during 2014-2016 in hong kong. | hepatitis e virus (hev) causes substantial morbidity and mortality in developing countries and is considered an emerging food-borne pathogen in previously non-endemic developed countries. to investigate genetic association between human hev infection and hev-contaminated high-risk food in hong kong, we compared local virus strains obtained from hepatitis e patient sera with those surveyed from high-risk food items during 2014-2016. twenty-four cases of laboratory-confirmed human hev infections w ... | 2017 | 28202801 |
| a novel subgenotype 3a hepatitis e virus isolated from pigs in china. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is an emerging disease with zoonotic transmission that represents a serious public health concern, especially in developing countries. here we characterize a novel hev strain ccst-517, which possesses a complete genome sequence of 7284 bp with typical hev genome organization including 5' and 3' non-coding regions and three open reading frames. the sequence identities of ccst-517 with known hev genotype 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 73.4-73.7, 73.2, 80.4-90.4, and 75.1-75. ... | 2017 | 28205052 |
| autochthonous sporadic acute hepatitis e caused by two distinct subgenotype 3b hepatitis e virus strains with only 90% nucleotide identity. | hepatitis e, which is caused by hepatitis e virus (hev), is a public health concern in japan, where the zoonotic food-borne transmission of hev from domestic pigs and wild boars plays an important role. a 44-year-old japanese man with autochthonous sporadic acute hepatitis e was admitted with general fatigue and moderate liver dysfunction. in the present study, two distinct hev strains were recovered from the patient, who had consumed the raw or undercooked pig liver and intestine two or three t ... | 2017 | 28205112 |
| genome sequence of a genotype 2 hepatitis e virus world health organization reference strain. | we report here the sequence of a genotype 2a reference strain of hepatitis e virus (hev), developed on behalf of the world health organization. the hev reference strain is intended for use in assays based on nucleic acid amplification for the validation of hev rna detection. | 2017 | 28209837 |
| mutational analysis of hepatitis e virus orf1 "y-domain": effects on rna replication and virion infectivity. | to investigate the role of non-structural open reading frame 1 "y-domain" sequences in the hepatitis e virus (hev) life cycle. | 2017 | 28216965 |
| hepatitis e virus detection and quantification by an rt-qpcr assay calibrated to the world health organization standard for hev rna. | hepatitis e virus (hev) has emerged as a cause of chronic hepatitis among immunocompromised patients. molecular assays have become important tools for the diagnosis and management of these chronically-infected patients. a reverse transcription, real-time pcr (rt-qpcr) assay utilizing pleiades probe chemistry and an rna internal control for simultaneous detection and quantification of hev rna in human serum was developed based on adaptation of a previously described and broadly reactive primer se ... | 2017 | 28228493 |
| [use the markov-decision tree model to optimize vaccination strategies of hepatitis e among women aged 15 to 49]. | objective: to evaluate the cost-utility of different hepatitis e vaccination strategies in women aged 15 to 49. methods: the markov-decision tree model was constructed to evaluate the cost-utility of three hepatitis e virus vaccination strategies. parameters of the models were estimated on the basis of published studies and experience of experts. both methods on sensitivity and threshold analysis were used to evaluate the uncertainties of the model. results: compared with non-vaccination group, ... | 2017 | 28231679 |
| transmission of hepatitis e virus infection to human-liver chimeric frg mice using patient plasma. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is considered as an important pathogen in developing countries but there is growing evidence of its increasing significance and prevalence in the western world. although most acute hev infections resolve spontaneously, chronicity has been observed in immunocompromised patients. the study of hev has been hampered by the absence of practical animal models. because the in vivo study of hev was essentially limited to primates and pigs we recently established the human-liver c ... | 2017 | 28232247 |
| rural habitat as risk factor for hepatitis e virus seroconversion in hiv-infected patients: a prospective longitudinal study. | our objective was to determine the incidence and clinical manifestations of acute hepatitis e virus (hev) in hiv-infected patients. a prospective longitudinal study including hiv-infected hev-seronegative patients was conducted; hev seroconversion (to igg and/or igm) was the main outcome variable. all patients were tested for hev antibodies every 3-6 months. for patients who developed hev seroconversion, a data collection protocol was followed to identify associated clinical manifestations and a ... | 2017 | 28236361 |
| neuralgic amyotrophy triggered by hepatitis e virus: a particular phenotype. | the neuralgic amyotrophy may be of difficult diagnosis, due to phenotypic variability, with different initial presentations (upper plexus multiple mononeuropathy, lumbosacral involvement, distal reached, phrenic involvement). to date, there is little guidance on these patients' therapeutic management, especially those for which neuralgic amyotrophy is triggered by hepatitis e virus (hev-na). the study aims to identify specific features that characterize patients bearing the neuralgic amyotrophy ... | 2017 | 28247042 |
| evaluation of two vidas (®)prototypes for detecting anti-hev igg. | high performance anti-hepatitis e virus (hev) igg assays are crucial for epidemiology. | 2017 | 28249234 |
| erratum to: a systematic review of the epidemiology of hepatitis e virus in africa. | 2017 | 28257623 | |
| erratum to: hepatitis e virus genotype 4 sequences detected in sewage from treatment plants of china. | 2017 | 28271397 | |
| dynamics of 8g12 competitive antibody in "prime-boost" vaccination of hepatitis e vaccine. | hepatitis e virus still poses a great threat to public health worldwide. to date, hecolin® is the only licensed hev vaccine in china. total anti-hev antibody has been used to reflect vaccine induced immune response in clinical trials for the lack of robust hev neutralizing antibody detection methods. in this study, we applied a broad neutralizing mouse monoclonal antibody 8g12 to develop a competitive elsia assay and quantified 8g12 competitive antibody (8g12-like antibody) in serum samples. the ... | 2017 | 28272983 |
| collaborative study for the establishment of the ph. eur. hepatitis e virus rna for nat testing biological reference preparation batch 1. | a new european pharmacopoeia (ph. eur.) biological reference preparation (brp) had to be established further to the decision to include nucleic acid testing (nat) for the detection of hepatitis e virus (hev) rna in the monograph human plasma (pooled and treated for virus inactivation) (1646). to this purpose, an international collaborative study was launched in the framework of the biological standardisation programme (bsp) of the european directorate for the quality of medicines & healthcare (e ... | 2017 | 28279253 |
| rabbit hepatitis e virus is an opportunistic pathogen in specific-pathogen-free rabbits with the capability of cross-species transmission. | hepatitis e virus (hev) has been detected in rabbits, a recently identified natural reservoir. in this study, anti-hev antibodies and viral rna were detected in rabbits sourced from a specific-pathogen-free (spf) rabbit vendor in shaanxi province, china. blast results of partial hev orf2 genes cloned here indicated that two viral strains circulated in the rabbits. sequence determination of the complete genome (7302bp) of one strain and a partial orf1 gene (1537bp) of the other strain showed that ... | 2017 | 28284626 |
| the added value of hepatitis e diagnostics in determining causes of hepatitis in routine diagnostic settings in the netherlands. | hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 3 is endemic in europe and an underdiagnosed and emerging (public) health issue. in recent years commercial enzyme immunoassays (eias) that detect antibodies to hev more adequately, became available. we investigated the added value of this hev serology in the diagnostic work flow to detect viral causes of recent hepatitis. | 2017 | 28285979 |
| acute hepatitis e virus infection causing acute liver failure requiring living-donor liver transplantation in a non-pregnant immunocompetent woman. | we report a rare case of acute liver failure from acute hepatitis e virus (hev) in a non-pregnant woman without comorbidities who survived after liver transplantation. the source was likely consumption of partially cooked pig liver. hev genotype 3 is the second most common genotype causing acute hepatitis e in developed countries. fulminant hepatitis e rarely occurs without a risk factor, as in our patient. vigilant monitoring for chronic hepatitis e in post-transplant immunocompromised patients ... | 2017 | 28295889 |
| severity and outcome of acute-on-chronic liver failure is dependent on the etiology of acute hepatic insults: analysis of 368 patients. | acute-on-chronic liver failure (aclf) may be precipitated by various hepatic insults. the present study evaluated the outcomes of aclf with different acute insults. | 2017 | 28296656 |
| hepatitis e and pregnancy: current state. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is responsible for more than 50% of acute viral hepatitis cases in endemic countries. approximately 2 billion individuals live in hepatitis e-endemic areas and, therefore, are at risk of infection. according to world health organization, hev causes about 20.1 million infections and 70 000 deaths every year. in developing countries with poor sanitation, this disease is transmitted through contaminated water and is associated with large outbreaks, affecting hundreds or thou ... | 2017 | 28318080 |
| occurrence of hepatitis a and e and norovirus gi and gii in ready-to-eat vegetables in italy. | fresh vegetables and their ready-to-eat (rte) salads have become increasingly recognized as potential vehicles for foodborne diseases. the eu reg. 1441/2007 establishes microbiological criteria for bacterial pathogens for products placed on the market during their shelf-life (i.e. salmonella spp., listeria monocytogenes) for pre-cut fruits and vegetables (rte) whilst it does not address the problem of contamination by enteric viruses. in this study we investigated the contamination by hepatitis ... | 2017 | 28319799 |
| assessment and risk modeling of airborne enteric viruses emitted from wastewater reused for irrigation. | reclamation of wastewater (ww) for irrigation, after treatment represents a challenge that could alleviate pressure on water resources and address the increasing demand for agriculture. however, the risks to human health must be assessed, particularly those related to human enteric viruses that resist standard treatments in most wastewater treatment plants (wwtp). the risks associated with exposure to viral bioaerosols near wwtp and near agricultural plots irrigated with ww are poorly documented ... | 2017 | 28320526 |
| cynomolgus monkeys are successfully and persistently infected with hepatitis e virus genotype 3 (hev-3) after long-term immunosuppressive therapy. | epidemiological studies found that hepatitis e virus genotype 3 (hev-3) infection was associated with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis in immunocompromised patients. our study aimed to investigate the relationship between the host immunosuppressive status and the occurrence of hev-related chronic hepatitis. here we describe a successful experimental study, using cynomolgus monkeys previously treated with tacrolimus, a potent calcineurin inhibitor immunosuppressant, and infected with a brazilian h ... | 2017 | 28328941 |
| hepatitis e virus-associated neurological injury in china. | 2017 | 28329245 | |
| genetic and physicochemical analyses of a novel ferret hepatitis e virus, and clinical signs of infection after birth. | a novel cluster of five ferret hepatitis e virus (hev) strains was detected from nine laboratory ferrets (mustela putorius furo) imported from a ferret farm in the u.s. our detection of ferret hev rna and anti-hev antibodies, and alanine aminotransferase (alt) value assessment indicated that all of the 9 ferrets were infected with ferret hev, and that the infection exhibited three patterns: sub-clinical infection (n=2), acute hepatitis (n=6) and persistent infection (n=1). next-generation sequen ... | 2017 | 28347753 |
| risk analysis and occurrence of hepatitis e virus (hev) in domestic swine in northeast brazil. | anti-hev antibodies were detected in animals from abattoir and in farms from northeast brazil. our results suggest that hev is highly disseminated in the swine population and might present a great risk to animal handlers and for consumption of raw or undercooked meat and meat products in northeast brazil. | 2017 | 28349492 |
| asymptomatic acute hepatitis e in a female patient with ulcerative colitis. | we present a 60-year-old female patient with asymptomatic acute hepatitis e that was fortuitously detected during the course of ulcerative colitis (uc). she was admitted to hospital on october 30, 2015. endoscopy and histological examination of the colon showed typical findings of uc. all parameters of liver function tests were normal on this date. combination therapy with oral prednisolone and mesalazine was started and intravenous administration of infliximab once every 8 weeks was added later ... | 2017 | 28353200 |
| racial differences in seroprevalence of hav and hev in blood donors in the western cape, south africa: a clue to the predominant hev genotype? | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is a major cause of acute hepatitis worldwide. this infection causes major water-borne outbreaks in low- and middle-income countries, whilst in industrialised countries this infection is zoonotic. these differences in epidemiology are related to different hev genotypes. hev genotype 3 is a zoonotic infection, whilst genotype 2 causes large outbreaks. this study determined the seroprevalence of hev in blood donors from the western cape. anti-hepatitis a virus (an ... | 2017 | 28357965 |
| report of novel h105r, d29n, v27a mutations in the methyltransferase region of the hev genome in patients with acute liver failure. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) has been responsible for major outbreaks in the developing countries affecting millions of people and acute sporadic hepatitis worldwide. the hev methyltransferase is important for capping the 5'-end of the viral pregenomic rna which is critical for viral infection. | 2017 | 28359977 |
| hepatitis e virus: a leading cause of waterborne viral hepatitis in northwest districts of punjab, india. | acute viral hepatitis (avh) caused by enterically transmitted hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev) poses a major health problem in developing countries such as india. despite improving sanitation, heath awareness, and socioeconomic conditions, these infections continue to occur both in sporadic as well as in epidemic forms in different parts of india. | 2017 | 28367028 |
| hepatitis e virus in wild rabbits and european brown hares in germany. | recently, a change of hepatitis e from being a typical travel-associated disease to an autochthonous zoonosis in germany was observed. an increasing number of autochthonous infections with the hepatitis e virus (hev) have been recognized in developed countries. venison from wild boar is already known to be a potential source of infection, if not prepared properly by the consumer. in germany, certain wild animals are known to be a reservoir for hev. however, current information is missing about e ... | 2017 | 28371421 |
| [the prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis e virus in the czech republic: serological survey]. | to determine the prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis e virus in the general population of the czech republic of age 15 to 64, to analyse the age and sex distribution of these antibodies, and to evaluate the benefit of the immunoblot test for the confirmation of the specificity of the enzyme immunoassay (eia) screening test. | 2017 | 28374592 |
| chronic hepatitis e viral infection after liver transplantation: a regression of fibrosis following antiviral therapy. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is increasingly being reported in immunocompromised patients, and particularly organ transplant recipients. in this context, hev infection frequently evolves to chronic infection with a rapid progression of fibrosis to cirrhosis. ribavirin monotherapy and a minimisation of immunosuppression represent the treatment of choice, with a good response rate. however, no data are available on whether treatment can achieve a regression of liver fibrosis in chronic hev pa ... | 2017 | 28376032 |
| autochthonous acute hepatitis e: an increasingly frequent diagnosis. clinical-epidemiological analysis of our experience. | in europe, acute hepatitis caused by the hepatitis e virus (hev) traditionally was an infection found in people who had travelled to endemic zones, mainly asia and africa. however, a growing number of sporadic autochthonous cases are now being diagnosed in the western world. | 2017 | 28376624 |
| inclusion of an arg-gly-asp receptor-recognition motif into the capsid protein of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus enables culture of the virus in vitro. | rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv), an important member of the caliciviridae family, cannot be propagated in vitro, which has greatly impeded the progress of investigations into the mechanisms of pathogenesis, translation, and replication of this and related viruses. in this study, we have successfully bypassed this obstacle by constructing a mutant rhdv (mrhdv) by using a reverse genetics-technique. by changing two amino acids (305s→r, 307n→d), we produced a specific receptor recognition m ... | 2017 | 28381555 |
| hepatitis e: the current state of play. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major cause of acute hepatitis globally. genotypes 1 and 2 (g1 and g2) are obligate human pathogens transmitted faeco-orally, leading to epidemics in developing countries. in contrast, genotypes 3 and 4 (g3 and g4) have a wider host range, including humans, but are primarily porcine viruses and are transmitted from animals to humans as a food-borne zoonosis when meat from an infected animal is consumed. hev is increasingly recognised as a problem in developed cou ... | 2017 | 28382704 |
| seroprevalence of hev antibodies in a sample of pregnant women in the city of messina. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is widespread in developing countries and the disease is also increasing in the developed ones. this infection in pregnancy can cause spontaneous abortion and neonatal death in 56% of newborns. | 2017 | 28383615 |
| evaluation of two triplex one-step qrt-pcr assays for the quantification of human enteric viruses in environmental samples. | human enteric viruses are responsible for waterborne and shellfish-associated disease outbreaks worldwide. quantitative reverse transcription pcr (qrt-pcr) is often used to assess the health risks associated with shellfish and environmental water, but viral titres in sediments are less commonly investigated. in this study, we developed and validated two multiplex qrt-pcr assays for aquatic sediment and shellfish samples targeting viruses that are a common cause of gastroenteritis (norovirus gi, ... | 2017 | 28391510 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in hiv-infected pregnant women and their children in malawi. | 2017 | 28391749 | |
| hepatitis e in canadian blood donors. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a virus of emerging importance to transfusion medicine as studies on blood donors and other populations demonstrate that the prevalence of endemic cases is higher than previously recognized and the risk to vulnerable transfusion recipients is not insignificant. | 2017 | 28394029 |
| performance of hepatitis e virus (hev)-antibody tests: a comparative analysis based on samples from individuals with direct contact to domestic pigs or wild boar in germany. | in europe, hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 3 causes most human infections, and domestic pigs and wild boar represent the main reservoirs. contact to these animals represents one source of human infection. however, interpretation of studies is challenged in the absence of a serological gold standard. hence, this study compared results of different hev immunoassays. plasma samples from 139 individuals who had professional contact to pigs (veterinarians, meat inspectors, slaughterhouse workers; n ... | 2017 | 28397024 |
| direct-acting antiviral therapy for hepatitis e virus? | 2017 | 28404127 |