Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| spatial distribution of functional superficial-deep connections in the adult ferret superior colliculus. | numerous studies have identified connections between the superficial visual and deeper multisensory layers of the superior colliculus (sc), but the functional distribution of the superficial-deep projection has not been mapped. this question was assessed in the present study using extracellular electrophysiological stimulation and recording techniques. in vitro slices from adult ferrets were used to functionally map the rostro-caudal, medio-lateral, and dorso-ventral distribution of these superf ... | 2004 | 15464292 |
| low dose beta-carotene supplementation of ferrets attenuates smoke-induced lung phosphorylation of jnk, p38 mapk, and p53 proteins. | we demonstrated previously that smoke exposure and/or high-dose beta-carotene supplementation decreases levels of retinoic acid and retinoic acid receptor beta (rarbeta) protein, but increase levels of c-jun and proliferating cellular nuclear antigen protein in the lungs of ferrets. in contrast, low-dose beta-carotene can prevent the decreased lung retinoic acid and the smoke-induced lung lesions. in the present study, we investigated whether smoke exposure and/or beta-carotene supplementation c ... | 2004 | 15465770 |
| effects of vomeronasal organ removal on olfactory sex discrimination and odor preferences of female ferrets. | previous research suggests that body odorants, including anal scents and urinary odors, contribute to sex discrimination and mate identification in european ferrets of both sexes. we assessed the possible role of the vomeronasal organ (vno) in these functions by surgically removing the organ bilaterally in sexually experienced female ferrets. lesioned (vnox) and sham-operated control (vnoi) females reliably discriminated between male- and female-derived anal scent gland as well as fresh urinary ... | 2004 | 15466811 |
| t cell lymphoma in the lumbar spine of a domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | a 22-month-old castrated male ferret developed acute pelvic limb paresis. radiographs and computed tomography revealed a soft tissue mass with associated bony lysis of l5, and ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirates suggested that it was a lymphoma. treatment with prednisone at immunosuppressive doses did not produce any detectable improvement in the ferret's clinical signs and it became moribund less than two weeks after they developed. a postmortem biopsy confirmed the presence of a lymphoma w ... | 2004 | 15470969 |
| strong local and systemic protective immunity induced in the ferret model by an intranasal virosome-formulated influenza subunit vaccine. | the proliferation of influenza viruses causes costly, recurrent, annual epidemics. current vaccines, mainly administered parenterally, have been shown to be suboptimal in terms of efficacy, particularly where local iga responses are concerned. recent investigations of virosomes as delivery systems for viral ha and na antigens have demonstrated an improved immune response. this paper investigates the efficacy of a novel virosome-based intranasal influenza vaccine by its ability to reduce disease ... | 2004 | 15474733 |
| influenza viruses resistant to the antiviral drug oseltamivir: transmission studies in ferrets. | three type a influenza viruses, each of which has a distinct neuraminidase-gene mutation and is resistant to the neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir, have been isolated. previously, in the ferret model, an r292k mutant of a type a (h3n2) virus was not transmitted under conditions in which the wild-type virus was transmitted. this model was used to investigate whether the e119v mutant of a type a (h3n2) virus and the h274y mutant of a type a (h1n1) virus would be transmitted under similar circums ... | 2004 | 15478068 |
| early alcohol exposure induces persistent alteration of cortical columnar organization and reduced orientation selectivity in the visual cortex. | fetal alcohol syndrome (fas) is a major cause of learning and sensory deficits in children. the visual system in particular is markedly affected, with an elevated prevalence of poor visual perceptual skills. developmental problems involving the neocortex are likely to make a major contribution to some of these abnormalities. neuronal selectivity to stimulus orientation, a functional property thought to be crucial for normal vision, may be especially vulnerable to alcohol exposure because it star ... | 2005 | 15483067 |
| functional influence of masticatory muscles on the fibre characteristics and capillary distribution in growing ferrets (mustela putonusfuro)--a histochemical analysis. | changes in the masticatory function of ferrets have been shown to cause alterations in their craniofacial morphology. the aim of the present study was to investigate how the functional changes influence the histochemical characteristics of fibres of the masticatory muscles of the animal. | 2004 | 15485640 |
| nnos expression following inferior alveolar nerve injury in the ferret. | damage to the inferior alveolar nerve (ian) may result in permanent painful dysaesthesia, and there is compelling evidence to suggest that ectopic activity from the injury site plays a crucial role in the initiation of this disorder. the aim of this study was to determine whether neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nnos), a regulator of neuronal excitability, could be involved in the development of the abnormal activity. in seven ferrets, the left ian was exposed and a retrograde tracer, fluorogold, ... | 2004 | 15494152 |
| predicting antigenic variants of influenza a/h3n2 viruses. | current inactivated influenza vaccines provide protection when vaccine antigens and circulating viruses share a high degree of similarity in hemagglutinin protein. five antigenic sites in the hemagglutinin protein have been proposed, and 131 amino acid positions have been identified in the five antigenic sites. in addition, 20, 18, and 32 amino acid positions in the hemagglutinin protein have been identified as mouse monoclonal antibody-binding sites, positively selected codons, and substantiall ... | 2004 | 15496238 |
| spatial distribution of inhibitory synaptic connections during development of ferret primary visual cortex. | intracortical inhibition in the primary visual cortex plays an important role in creating properties like orientation and direction selectivity. however, the development of the spatial pattern of inhibitory connections is largely unexplored. this was investigated in the present study. tangential slices of layers 2/3 of ferret striate cortex were prepared for whole-cell patch clamp recordings, and presynaptic inhibitory inputs to pyramidal neurons were scanned by local photolysis of nmoc-caged gl ... | 2005 | 15502991 |
| short-term fasting induces intra-hepatic lipid accumulation and decreases intestinal mass without reduced brush-border enzyme activity in mink (mustela vison) small intestine. | for many mammalian species short-term fasting is associated with intestinal atrophy and decreased digestive capacity. under natural conditions, strictly carnivorous animals often experience prey scarcity during winter, and they may therefore be particularly well adapted to short-term food deprivation. to examine how the carnivorous gastrointestinal tract is affected by fasting, small-intestinal structure, brush-border enzyme activities and hepatic structure and function were examined in fed mink ... | 2004 | 15503054 |
| immunization with modified vaccinia virus ankara-based recombinant vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome is associated with enhanced hepatitis in ferrets. | severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) caused by a newly identified coronavirus (sars-cov) is a serious emerging human infectious disease. in this report, we immunized ferrets (mustela putorius furo) with recombinant modified vaccinia virus ankara (rmva) expressing the sars-cov spike (s) protein. immunized ferrets developed a more rapid and vigorous neutralizing antibody response than control animals after challenge with sars-cov; however, they also exhibited strong inflammatory responses in l ... | 2004 | 15507655 |
| treatment of a prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc in a ferret. | a seven-month-old, male ferret had acute paraplegia and radiographs showed signs of disc prolapse between the second and third lumbar vertebrae (l2/3). hemilaminectomy was performed to decompress the spinal cord. histological examination revealed that the extradural material was consistent with annulus fibrosus and the l2/3 articular facets were enlarged as a result of bone remodelling. the ferret became ambulatory one month postoperatively. five months postoperatively, the ferret had normal pos ... | 2004 | 15515799 |
| molecular organization of the ferret visual thalamus. | the visual system encodes and deciphers information using parallel, anatomically segregated, processing streams. to reveal patterns of gene expression in the visual thalamus correlated with physiological processing streams, we designed a custom ferret cdna microarray. by isolating specific subregions and layers of the thalamus, we identified a set of transcription factors, including zic2, islet1, and six3, the unique distribution profiles of which differentiated the lateral geniculate nucleus (l ... | 2004 | 15525781 |
| evolution of diagnostic criteria for primary aldosteronism: why is it more common in "drug-resistant" hypertension today? | the recent "epidemic" of primary aldosteronism reported in the literature is most likely related to the widespread acceptance that with easy access to accurate measurements of renin and aldosterone, it is no longer necessary to wait until hypokalemia has become profound before embarking on diagnostic testing to attempt to ferret out this most common cause of "essential" hypertension. this is especially true for those who are now classified as "drug resistant" using today's popular drugs, which a ... | 2004 | 15527695 |
| diphenidol has no actual broad antiemetic activity in dogs and ferrets. | previous studies showed that diphenidol was effective on emetogens-induced pica, eating of non-nutritive substances, in rats, a model analogous to emesis in other species. we evaluated the actual antiemetic activity of diphenidol against four emetic stimuli in the dog and ferret, animals that possess an emetic reflex. in dogs, emetic responses to apomorphine were significantly prevented by diphenidol (3.2 mg/kg, i.v.), whereas diphenidol (3.2 mg/kg, i.v. x 2) showed a weak inhibition to the vomi ... | 2004 | 15528840 |
| stages and duration of spermatogenesis in the domestic ferret (mustela putorius furo). | classification of seminiferous tubules is the basis for understanding normal and abnormal spermatogenesis. the aim of the present study was to determine spermatogenic stages and the duration of the cycle in the domestic ferret using bromodeoxyuridine (brdu) as a tracer. eleven adult male ferrets that were maintained in a breeding condition were used. testicular sections were stained with the periodic acid-schiff reaction for light microscopy. to determine the cycle duration, six ferrets were inj ... | 2004 | 15533459 |
| two cases of pancreatic neoplasia in british ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | two six-year-old male neutered polecat ferrets (mustela putorius furo) were presented for the investigation of acute collapse or periodic weakness and weight loss. while blood biochemistry revealed hypoglycaemia in both cases, diagnosis of an insulin-secreting neoplasia was confirmed by exploratory surgery in one case and supported by the use of an insulin assay in the other. subsequent histopathological examination showed the former to be a pancreatic islet cell carcinoma and the latter to be a ... | 2004 | 15553194 |
| [research to find new treatments for ferrets with adrenal gland tumors]. | 2004 | 15559397 | |
| feedback control of purkinje cell activity by the cerebello-olivary pathway. | the pathway from the deep cerebellar nuclei to the inferior olive, the source of the climbing fibre input to the cerebellum, inhibits olivary transmission. as climbing fibre activity can depress the background firing of the purkinje cells, it was suggested that nucleo-olivary (n-o) inhibition is a negative feedback mechanism for regulating purkinje cell excitability. this suggestion was investigated, in a set-up with decerebrate ferrets, both by blocking and by stimulating cerebellar output whil ... | 2004 | 15579154 |
| characterization of hemolytic escherichia coli strains in ferrets: recognition of candidate virulence factor cnf1. | diseases associated with escherichia coli infection are the subject of renewed interest due to emerging conditions such as hemolytic uremia syndrome. a collection of 15 strains of beta-hemolytic e. coli was isolated from diarrheic feces and diseased tissues of ferrets. all 15 strains were positive in specific pcr assays for the presence of hlya, pap1, and cnf1. seven of the cnf1-positive isolates were tested and shown to have a cytopathic effect on hela cell monolayers. the pathogenesis of these ... | 2004 | 15583337 |
| viral diseases of ferrets. | distemper and rabies vaccination are highly recommended because of the almost invariable fatal outcome of these conditions. vaccination should constitute an important part of a ferret's preventative medicine program. with the current and anticipated development and licensing of new vaccines, practitioners are invited to gain awareness of the latest vaccine information. establishment of a practice vaccination protocol with regards to the site of administration of rabies and distemper vaccines is ... | 2005 | 15585193 |
| evaluation of the cross-bridge-dependent change in the ca2+ affinity of troponin c in aequorin-injected ferret ventricular muscles. | ca2+ affinity of cardiac troponin c (tnc) is regulated by the active cross-bridges (downstream-dependent mechanism). in the present study, we showed one of the methods to evaluate the downstream-dependent change in the ca2+ affinity of tnc during contraction using the aequorin-injected ferret papillary muscle. for this purpose, the tension-dependent change in the extra-ca2+ (a transient increase in the intracellular ca2+ concentration ([ca2+]i) in response to a quick length reduction) was measur ... | 2005 | 15589995 |
| activation of ferret erythrocyte na+-k+-2cl- cotransport by deoxygenation. | deoxygenation of ferret erythrocytes stimulates na+-k+-2cl- cotransport by 111% (s.d., 46) compared to controls in air. half-maximal activation occurs at a po2 of 24 mmhg (s.d., 2) indicating that physiological changes in oxygen tension can influence cotransport function. approximately 25-35% of this stimulation can be attributed to the rise of intracellular free magnesium concentration that occurs on deoxygenation (from 0.82 (s.d., 0.07) to 1.40 mm (s.d., 0.17)). most of the stimulation is prob ... | 2004 | 15618270 |
| clinicopathologic features of an unusual outbreak of cryptococcosis in dogs, cats, ferrets, and a bird: 38 cases (january to july 2003). | to determine clinical and pathologic findings associated with an outbreak of cryptococcosis in an unusual geographic location (british columbia, canada). | 2004 | 15626222 |
| action of ondansetron and cp-99,994 to modify behavior and antagonize cisplatin-induced emesis in the ferret. | the action of ondansetron (1 mg/kg, i.p.) and (+)-(2s,3s)-3-(2-methoxybenzylamino)-2-phenylpiperidine (cp-99,994; 10 mg/kg, i.p.) on spontaneous behavior and the emesis induced by cisplatin (10 mg/kg, i.p.) was studied in the ferret. ondansetron was inactive to modify behavior, but cp-99,994 reduced spontaneous locomotor activity and lip licking by 48% (p<0.01) and 79% (p<0.01), respectively; cp-99,994 also abolished spontaneous burrowing activity (p<0.05). treatment of animals with cisplatin in ... | 2004 | 15627434 |
| ransacking the curve of cardiac isovolumic pressure decay by logistic-and-oscillation regression. | the decelerative part of the left ventricular isovolumic pressure decay is an important phase to make the heart ready for diastolic refill (lusitropy). its widely used characterization by an exponential regression with zero pressure asymptote or coestimated asymptote provides empirically biased time constant estimates because of significant deviations of the pressure decay from exponentiality. we systematically analyzed the regression residua of these pressure decays in isolated ejecting rat, gu ... | 2004 | 15631690 |
| modulation of gastro-oesophageal vagal afferents by galanin in mouse and ferret. | the neuropeptide galanin is found in the central and peripheral nervous systems. it may have excitatory or inhibitory actions via three subtypes of g-protein-coupled receptor, and it modulates the mechanosensitivity of somatic sensory fibres. we aimed to determine if galanin also modulates vagal afferent mechanosensitivity, and to localize endogenous sources. the responses of ferret and mouse gastro-oesophageal vagal afferents to graded mechanical stimuli were investigated in vitro. the effects ... | 2005 | 15637101 |
| the effect of substance p on the spontaneous discharge from injured inferior alveolar nerve fibres in the ferret. | previous studies in our laboratory have shown that, at a site of inferior alveolar nerve (ian) injury, there is a close association between the development of spontaneous neural activity and the accumulation of neuropeptides in the damaged axons. as this ectopic activity may contribute to the development of sensory disturbances after injury, we have examined further this relationship by determining the potential role of one neuropeptide, substance p (sp), in the initiation or modulation of the s ... | 2005 | 15649483 |
| encoding of virtual acoustic space stimuli by neurons in ferret primary auditory cortex. | recent studies from our laboratory have indicated that the spatial response fields (srfs) of neurons in the ferret primary auditory cortex (a1) with best frequencies > or =4 khz may arise from a largely linear processing of binaural level and spectral localization cues. here we extend this analysis to investigate how well the linear model can predict the srfs of neurons with different binaural response properties and the manner in which srfs change with increases in sound level. we also consider ... | 2005 | 15659534 |
| epithelial barrier integrity and intraluminal nitric oxide production in response to acid perfusion of the ferret oesophagus. | to evaluate the source and role of acid-induced intraluminal nitric oxide (no) production in the oesophagus by studying how the exposure of the oesophagus to acid affects no release, via the no-producing enzyme no synthase and its relation to changes in epithelial barrier integrity. | 2005 | 15676062 |
| lethality to ferrets of h5n1 influenza viruses isolated from humans and poultry in 2004. | the 2004 outbreaks of h5n1 influenza viruses in vietnam and thailand were highly lethal to humans and to poultry; therefore, newly emerging avian influenza a viruses pose a continued threat, not only to avian species but also to humans. we studied the pathogenicity of four human and nine avian h5n1/04 influenza viruses in ferrets (an excellent model for influenza studies). all four human isolates were fatal to intranasally inoculated ferrets. the human isolate a/vietnam/1203/04 (h5n1) was the mo ... | 2005 | 15681421 |
| metabotropic glutamate receptors inhibit mechanosensitivity in vagal sensory neurons. | inhibitory g-protein-coupled receptors have demonstrated potential in treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (gerd) through actions on vagal afferent signaling. metabotropic glutamate receptors (mglur) belong to this receptor family and have great pharmacologic and molecular diversity, with 8 subtypes. we investigated mglur in the vagal system of humans and other species. | 2005 | 15685551 |
| 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht) concentrations in the hippocampus, the hypothalamus and the medulla oblongata related to cisplatin-induced pica of rats. | we previously reported that the concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht) in the brainstem of cisplatin-administered ferrets is significantly increased as compared with that of control animals. in an attempt to clarify the mechanisms of emesis induced by cytotoxic drugs, we measured kaolin ingestion (pica) and the tissue concentrations of 5-ht, norepinephrine (ne) and dopamine in various brain regions of rats after cisplatin administration. 5-ht concentrations in the hippocampus, the medulla o ... | 2003 | 15686111 |
| effect of a selective and potent central nervous system penetrant, neurokinin-3 receptor antagonist (sb-222200), on cisplatin-induced emesis in the ferret. | the anti-emetic activity of selective nk-1 receptor antagonism is well established. however, little is known of the possibility that other nk receptors might also be involved in the emetic reflex. given the reported location of nk-3 receptors within the rat brainstem vagal motor and sensory nuclei, we investigated the ability of sb-222200, a brain-penetrant nk-3 receptor antagonist, to interfere with emesis evoked in ferrets by the emetogenic cytotoxic agent cisplatin. in contrast to control ant ... | 2004 | 15694264 |
| time course of postnatal motor development in ferrets: ontogenetic and comparative perspectives. | we assess relative time courses of motor development in ferrets and rats and evaluate ferrets as experimental animals for studies of motor development. motor behaviour of ferret pups was characterized in daily sessions from postnatal day (p) 2 to p63. observations concerning rotational locomotion ('pivoting'), crawling, walking, upright standing ('rearing') and walking on a narrow path; righting on a surface, in mid-air and on an inclined plane ('geotaxis') were quantified in detail and compared ... | 2005 | 15698889 |
| quantitative changes in calretinin immunostaining in the cochlear nuclei after unilateral cochlear removal in young ferrets. | neurons of the cochlear nuclei receive axosomatic endings from primary afferent fibers from the cochlea and have projections that diverge to form parallel ascending auditory pathways. these cells are characterized by neurochemical phenotypes such as levels of calretinin. to test whether or not early deafferentation results in changes in calretinin immunostaining in the cochlear nucleus, unilateral cochlear ablations were performed in ferrets soon after hearing onset (postnatal day [p]30-p40). tw ... | 2005 | 15700274 |
| functional organization of ferret auditory cortex. | we characterized the functional organization of different fields within the auditory cortex of anaesthetized ferrets. as previously reported, the primary auditory cortex, a1, and the anterior auditory field, aaf, are located on the middle ectosylvian gyrus. these areas exhibited a similar tonotopic organization, with high frequencies represented at the dorsal tip of the gyrus and low frequencies more ventrally, but differed in that aaf neurons had shorter response latencies than those in a1. on ... | 2005 | 15703254 |
| excitatory effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone in the thalamus. | the activity of the thalamus is state dependent. during slow-wave sleep, rhythmic burst firing is prominent, whereas during waking or rapid eye movement sleep, tonic, single-spike activity dominates. these state-dependent changes result from the actions of modulatory neurotransmitters. in the present study, we investigated the functional and cellular effects of the neuropeptide thyrotropin-releasing hormone (trh) on the spontaneously active ferret geniculate slice. this peptide and its receptors ... | 2005 | 15716402 |
| survey of zona pellucida antigens for immunocontraception of cats. | the purpose of this study was to screen a panel of native zona pellucida (zp) antigens isolated from five mammalian species for immunocontraceptive activity in the cat (felis catus). native soluble-isolated zp (sizp) was prepared from the ovaries of cows (bzp), cats (fzp), ferrets (fezp), dogs (czp), and mink (mzp). vaccines were constructed using sizp from each of the above species encapsulated in liposomes suspended in saline and emulsified with freund's complete adjuvant (spayvac). female cat ... | 2005 | 15725441 |
| ferret odor as a processive stress model in rats: neurochemical, behavioral, and endocrine evidence. | predator odors have been shown to elicit stress responses in rats. the present studies assessed the use of domestic ferret odor as a processive stress model. plasma corticosterone and adrenocorticotropin hormone levels were higher after 30 min of exposure to ferret odor (fur/skin) but not control odors, ferret feces, urine, or anal gland secretions. behavioral differences were also found between ferret and the control odors as tested in a defensive withdrawal paradigm. in addition, c-fos messeng ... | 2005 | 15727532 |
| surveillance of wildlife for mycobacterium bovis infection using culture of pooled tissue samples from ferrets (mustela furo). | to compare culture results of homogenates of pooled lymph nodes from individual ferrets with and without macroscopic lesions of bovine tuberculosis for the presence of mycobacterium bovis, and to determine whether homogenates from 10-30 ferrets could be combined and cultured without loss of sensitivity as a possible method for improving cost-effectiveness of surveillance for m. bovis infection in wildlife populations. | 2005 | 15731829 |
| evaluation of modified vaccinia virus ankara based recombinant sars vaccine in ferrets. | severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) caused by a newly identified coronavirus (sars-cov) remains a threat to cause epidemics as evidenced by recent sporadic cases in china. in this communication, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of two sars vaccine candidates based on the recombinant modified vaccinia ankara (mva) expressing sars-cov spike or nucleocapsid proteins in ferrets. no clinical signs were observed in all the ferrets challenged with sars-cov. on the other hand, vaccination did n ... | 2005 | 15755610 |
| isolation and characterization of avian influenza viruses, including highly pathogenic h5n1, from poultry in live bird markets in hanoi, vietnam, in 2001. | since 1997, outbreaks of highly pathogenic (hp) h5n1 and circulation of h9n2 viruses among domestic poultry in asia have posed a threat to public health. to better understand the extent of transmission of avian influenza viruses (aiv) to humans in asia, we conducted a cross-sectional virologic study in live bird markets (lbm) in hanoi, vietnam, in october 2001. specimens from 189 birds and 18 environmental samples were collected at 10 lbm. four influenza a viruses of the h4n6 (n = 1), h5n2 (n = ... | 2005 | 15767421 |
| antibody responses to rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus in predators, scavengers, and hares in new zealand during epidemics in sympatric rabbit populations. | to test for antibodies to rabbit haemorrhagic disease (rhd) virus (rhdv) in sera from mammals and birds associated with rabbit populations infected with rhdv. | 2004 | 15768102 |
| vglut2 immunochemistry identifies thalamocortical terminals in layer 4 of adult and developing visual cortex. | a vesicular glutamate transporter, vglut2, has been suggested to be the transporter utilized in the thalamocortical pathway. we examined the reliability of this marker in identifying and discriminating thalamic terminals in adult and developing ferret visual cortex. we studied brain sections stained for the transporter protein and/or anterogradely filled thalamocortical or intracortical axons, by using light, confocal, and electron microscopy. under light microscopy, vglut2 immunoreactivity (ir) ... | 2005 | 15770654 |
| presynaptic inhibition of corticothalamic feedback by metabotropic glutamate receptors. | the thalamus relays sensory information to cortex, but this information may be influenced by excitatory feedback from cortical layer vi. the full importance of this feedback has only recently been explored, but among its possible functions are influences on the processing of sensory features, synchronization of thalamic firing, and transitions in response mode of thalamic relay cells. uncontrolled, corticothalamic feedback has also been implicated in pathological thalamic rhythms associated with ... | 2005 | 15772234 |
| disruption of layer 4 development alters laminar processing in ferret somatosensory cortex. | treatment with the anti-mitotic agent methylazoxymethanol (mam) on embryonic day 33 (e33) in ferrets changes features of somatosensory cortex. these include dramatic reduction of cells in layer 4, and altered distributions of thalamocortical afferent terminations and gaba(a) receptors. to determine the effect of the relative absence of layer 4 on processing of sensory stimuli we used current source-density profiles to assess laminar activity patterns. nearly synchronous activation occurs across ... | 2005 | 15772374 |
| quantitative morphology and postsynaptic targets of thalamocortical axons in critical period and adult ferret visual cortex. | thalamocortical axons segregate into ocular dominance columns several weeks before the onset of critical period plasticity in ferret visual cortex, a stage characterized by anatomical changes in thalamic input as a consequence of abnormal visual stimulation. in search of possible anatomical correlates of this plasticity, we examined, at electron microscope resolution, the morphology and the synapsing and target selection properties of thalamic axons in ferret visual cortex during and after the c ... | 2005 | 15776444 |
| protection afforded by intranasal immunization with the neuraminidase-lacking mutant of influenza a virus in a ferret model. | protective efficacy of the intranasal immunization with the neuraminidase (na)-deficient mutant of the influenza a virus was investigated in ferrets. despite the highly attenuated replication in vivo, the mutant completely protected the animals against the wild type virus challenge. when challenge was done with antigenic drift variants, significant reductions in the viral titers, inflammatory cell counts, and protein concentrations were observed in the nasal washes of the immunized animals. the ... | 2005 | 15780741 |
| incidence of and risk factors for adverse events associated with distemper and rabies vaccine administration in ferrets. | to determine incidence of and risk factors for adverse events associated with distemper and rabies vaccine administration in ferrets. | 2005 | 15786992 |
| comparison of feed preference and digestion of three different commercial diets for cats and ferrets. | diet preference and digestibility experiments were conducted using a total of 10 cats and 10 ferrets. the composition of the three different kinds of dry cat feed was as follows (each data are given in dry matter, dm): (i) normal diet (n): 95.3% dm, 33.7% crude protein (cp), 20.4% ether extract (ee), 37.6% nitrogen-free extract (nfe); (ii) 'light diet' (l): 94.2% dm, 31.6% cp, 10.7% ee, 52.2% nfe; (iii) 'veterinary diet' (d): 94.57% dm, 38.7% cp, 9.6% ee, 47.2% nfe. during the period of the pref ... | 2005 | 15787995 |
| development of the projection from the nucleus of the brachium of the inferior colliculus to the superior colliculus in the ferret. | neurons in the deeper layers of the superior colliculus (sc) have spatially tuned receptive fields that are arranged to form a map of auditory space. the spatial tuning of these neurons emerges gradually in an experience-dependent manner after the onset of hearing, but the relative contributions of peripheral and central factors in this process of maturation are unknown. we have studied the postnatal development of the projection to the ferret sc from the nucleus of the brachium of the inferior ... | 2005 | 15791643 |
| characterisation of three equine influenza a h3n8 viruses from germany (2000 and 2002): evidence for frozen evolution. | reported here are the results of antigenic and genetic characterisation of equine influenza strains causing local outbreaks reported to the equine diagnostic centre in berlin, germany. in 2000, equine influenza virus was detected in a nasal swab from a non-vaccinated horse using a rapid diagnostic kit, but was not successfully isolated. partial direct sequencing of the haemagglutinin (ha1) gene, indicated that the virus was a european lineage h3n8 subtype strain representative of strains isolate ... | 2005 | 15795074 |
| the ferret gastrointestinal tract and helicobacter mustelae infection. | 2005 | 15817250 | |
| gastrointestinal diseases of the ferret. | 2005 | 15817251 | |
| the application of optical recording of intrinsic signals to simultaneously acquire functional, pathological and localizing information and its potential role in neurosurgery. | the accurate intraoperative localization of epileptic foci and surrounding functional architecture is critical to a successful surgical outcome. current techniques are limited either by their inability to simultaneously sample large areas of cortex with high spatial resolution or account for dynamic alterations in cortical morphology. optical recording of intrinsic signals can map neuronal activity in a large area of cortex with a spatial resolution in the order of <100 mum. we explored methods ... | 2005 | 15821368 |
| nearby clusters of hemagglutinin residues sustain slam-dependent canine distemper virus entry in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (slam, cd150) is the universal morbillivirus receptor. based on the identification of measles virus (mv) hemagglutinin (h) amino acids supporting human slam-dependent cell entry, we mutated canine distemper virus (cdv) h and identified residues necessary for efficient canine slam-dependent membrane fusion. these residues are located in two nearby clusters in a new cdv h structural model. to completely abolish slam-dependent fusion, combinations of mutati ... | 2005 | 15827201 |
| development of sound localization mechanisms in the mongolian gerbil is shaped by early acoustic experience. | sound localization is one of the most important tasks performed by the auditory system. differences in the arrival time of sound at the two ears are the main cue to localize low-frequency sound in the azimuth. in the mammalian brain, such interaural time differences (itds) are encoded in the auditory brain stem; first by the medial superior olive (mso) and then transferred to higher centers, such as the dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (dnll), a brain stem nucleus that gets a direct input ... | 2005 | 15829592 |
| cdna cloning, sequence analysis and organ distribution of horse preproendothelin-2. | we cloned and characterized horse preproendothelin-2 (ppet-2) cdna from intestinal tissue. the cdna encoded 178 amino acids of the ppet-2 polypeptide, in which a 21-amino-acid mature endothelin-2 peptide and a 16-amino acid endothelin-2-like peptide were found. for the open reading frame the correspondence of horse ppet-2 cdna with those of the ferret, human, dog, mouse and rat was 85.1%, 84.9%, 82.1%, 77.8% and 77.2%, respectively. analysis of the organ distribution of ppet-2 mrna by reverse tr ... | 2004 | 15838341 |
| zoonotic genotype of giardia intestinalis detected in a ferret. | giardia intestinalis has been found in a variety of mammals, including humans, and consists of host-specific and zoonotic genotypes. there has been only 1 study of g. intestinalis infection in weasels, but the genotype of its isolate remains unclear. in this study, we report the isolation of giardia in a ferret exhibited at a pet shop. the isolate was analyzed genetically to validate the possibility of zoonotic transmission. giardia diagnostic fragments of the small subunit ribosomal rna, beta-g ... | 2005 | 15856896 |
| two residues in the hemagglutinin of a/fujian/411/02-like influenza viruses are responsible for antigenic drift from a/panama/2007/99. | the h3n2 vaccine strain (a/panama/2007/99) for the 2003-2004 influenza season did not antigenically match the circulating a/fujian/411/02-like h3n2 viruses and had reduced effectiveness against influenza outbreaks. a/wyoming/03/2003, an a/fujian-like virus, was recommended as the vaccine strain for the 2004-2005 season. a/wyoming differed from a/panama by 16 amino acids in the ha1 molecule. reverse genetics was used to determine the minimal amino acid changes that were responsible for the antige ... | 2005 | 15866076 |
| orientation tuning, but not direction selectivity, is invariant to temporal frequency in primary visual cortex. | the activity of neurons in primary visual cortex is influenced by the orientation, contrast, and temporal frequency of a visual stimulus. this raises the question of how these stimulus properties interact to shape neuronal responses. while past studies have shown that the bandwidth of orientation tuning is invariant to stimulus contrast, the influence of temporal frequency on orientation-tuning bandwidth is unknown. here, we investigate the influence of temporal frequency on orientation tuning a ... | 2005 | 15872063 |
| airway-related vagal preganglionic neurons express brain-derived neurotrophic factor and trkb receptors: implications for neuronal plasticity. | recent evidence indicates that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) is present in neurons and may affect neurotransmitter release, cell excitability, and synaptic plasticity via activation of tyrosine kinase b (trkb) receptors. however, whether airway-related vagal preganglionic neurons (avpns) produce bdnf and contain trkb receptors is not known. hence, in ferrets, we examined bdnf and trkb receptor expression in identified avpns using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. bdnf pr ... | 2005 | 15885212 |
| afferent pathways to the region of the vestibular nuclei that participates in cardiovascular and respiratory control. | prior experiments have shown that a region of the medial and inferior vestibular nuclei contributes to cardiovascular and respiratory regulation. in addition to labyrinthine inputs, the majority of neurons in this region of the vestibular nuclei receive signals from the skin, muscle, and viscera, although the pathways conveying these nonlabyrinthine inputs to the vestibular nucleus neurons are unknown. to gain further insight into the afferent pathways to this functionally distinct subdivision o ... | 2005 | 15885222 |
| effect of pet removal on pet allergic asthma. | allergen avoidance has been recommended in the management of allergic asthma. very few studies have assessed the effect of pet removal on pet allergic asthma. | 2005 | 15888829 |
| feedback connections to ferret striate cortex: direct evidence for visuotopic convergence of feedback inputs. | interareal feedback connections are a fundamental aspect of cortical architecture, yet many aspects of their organization and functional relevance remain poorly understood. previous studies have investigated the topography of feedback projections from extrastriate cortex to macaque area 17. we have extended this analysis to the ferret. we made restricted injections of cholera toxin b (ctb) into ferret area 17 and mapped the distribution of retrogradely labeled cells in extrastriate cortex. in ad ... | 2005 | 15892103 |
| morphology of ferret subcutaneous adipose tissue after 6-month daily supplementation with oral beta-carotene. | adipose tissue is an important retinoid depot and retinoids are known to influence white and brown adipocyte metabolism. identifying nutrients that can affect the biological activity of the adipose organ would be of great medical interest in the light of the current obesity epidemic and related disorders in developed countries. the vast majority of mammal studies of chronic administration of oral beta-carotene have used murine models, while few have employed mammals exhibiting uptake and process ... | 2004 | 15893457 |
| dopamine d2, but not d4, receptor agonists are emetogenic in ferrets. | agents that activate the dopamine d2-like family of receptors elicit emesis in humans and other species with a vomiting/emetic reflex; however, the lack of dopamine receptor subtype selective agonists has hampered an understanding of which dopamine d2-like receptor subtype(s) contributes to the emetic response. in this study, stable cell lines expressing the ferret dopamine d2-long (d2l) and d4 receptors were used to characterize known dopamine agonists via radioligand binding and calcium ion fl ... | 2005 | 15894081 |
| induction of pulmonary neoplasia in the smoke-exposed ferret by 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (nnk): a model for human lung cancer. | research into dietary chemoprevention against lung carcinogenesis has been limited by the lack of appropriate animal models that closely mimic smoking-related human lung cancer. ferrets (mustela putorius furo) have been used to study the biologic activities of carotenoids against smoke-induced lung lesions, but this model has yet to be thoroughly established and validated. to determine the appropriateness of the ferret as a model for human lung cancer, we have performed a 6-month in vivo study i ... | 2006 | 15894421 |
| efficacy of rabies biologics against new lyssaviruses from eurasia. | new causative agents of rabies continue to emerge as shown by the recent description of four novel lyssaviruses from bats in eurasia, aravan (arav), khujand (khuv), irkut (irkv), and west caucasian bat virus (wcbv). the effect of rabies vaccination prior to exposure to these new lyssaviruses was investigated in two animal models (i.e., syrian hamsters and ferrets). the hamsters were vaccinated intramuscularly with a commercial human or veterinary vaccine or with an experimental vaccinia-rabies g ... | 2005 | 15896401 |
| sex difference in the distribution and size of glomeruli in the ferret's main olfactory bulb. | when exposed to male anal scent gland odorants in a previous study from our laboratory, the distribution of activated glomeruli in the ventral-caudal portion of the main olfactory bulb (mob) was greater in female than in male ferrets. we asked whether this functional dimorphism corresponds to a morphological sex difference in the distribution, number, or size of glomeruli in the mob of adult ferrets. coronal serial sections through the rostro-caudal extent of the mob from groups of breeding male ... | 2005 | 15896476 |
| studies on vertical transmission of trichinella spp. in experimentally infected ferrets (mustela putorius furo), foxes (vulpes vulpes), pigs, guinea pigs and mice. | vertical transmission of trichinella spiralis was evaluated in ferrets (n=21), foxes (n=11), pigs (n=12), guinea pigs (n=16), and mice (n=41). the placental barrier to be crossed by migratory trichinella larvae varies structurally in different animal species. ferrets and foxes have an endotheliochorial placenta structure, guinea pigs and mice a haemochorial, and pigs an epitheliochorial placenta. the non-encapsulating trichinella pseudospiralis larvae have an extended muscle migration prior to e ... | 2005 | 15925725 |
| species- and tissue-dependent effects of no and cyclic gmp on cardiac ion channels. | biochemical studies have established the presence of a no pathway in the heart, including sources of no and various effectors. several cardiac ion channels have been shown to be modified by no, such as l-type ca(2+), atp-sensitive k(+), and pacemaker f-channels. some of these effects are mediated by cgmp, through the activity of three main proteins: the cgmp-dependent protein kinase (pkg), the cgmp-stimulated phosphodiesterase (pde2) and the cgmp-inhibited pde (pde3). other effects appear indepe ... | 2005 | 15927494 |
| eyeblink conditioning in rats using pontine stimulation as a conditioned stimulus. | previous studies using rabbits and ferrets found that electrical stimulation of the pontine nuclei or middle cerebellar peduncle could serve as a conditioned stimulus (cs) in eyeblink conditioning (bao, chen, & thompson, 2000; hesslow, svensson, & ivarsson, 1999; steinmetz, 1990; steinmetz, lavond, & thompson, 1985; 1989; steinmetz et al., 1986; tracy, thompson, krupa, & thompson, 1998). the current study used electrical stimulation of the pontine nuclei as a cs to establish eyeblink conditionin ... | 2004 | 15929500 |
| effects of dietary taurocholate, fat and protein on the storage and metabolism of dietary beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol in ferrets. | dietary factors affecting tissue storage of beta-carotene (bc), alpha-tocopherol (alpha-t), and retinol (rol) in mammals include taurocholate, protein, and fat. few studies have examined the effects of these factors on the storage of bc, retinyl esters, and alpha-t in a mammalian system that is similar to humans. the main objective of the study was to investigate the effects of taurocholate (tc), fat, and protein on the absorption and metabolism of bc and alpha-t in ferret tissues. three 4-week ... | 2005 | 15929634 |
| clinical and endocrine responses to treatment with deslorelin acetate implants in ferrets with adrenocortical disease. | to evaluate the clinical and endocrine responses of ferrets with adrenocortical disease (acd) to treatment with a slow-release implant of deslorelin acetate. | 2005 | 15934621 |
| knowledge of constraints on compounding in children and adolescents with williams syndrome. | this study examines knowledge of a constraint on the form of synthetic noun-noun compounds in a group of 12 children and adolescents with williams syndrome (ws; age 8-16 years). the constraint blocks regular plurals from appearing inside compounds (e.g., ferrets breeder) while allowing irregular plurals in the same environment (e.g., mice breeder). in an elicited production task, the ws group showed a strong asymmetry in rates of plurals inside compounds, allowing irregulars liberally but almost ... | 2005 | 15938061 |
| chronic rubella virus infection in the ferret (mustela putorius fero) puppy. | 1967 | 15938261 | |
| early alcohol exposure impairs ocular dominance plasticity throughout the critical period. | animal models of fetal alcohol syndrome (fas) have revealed an impairment of sensory neocortex plasticity. here, we examine whether early alcohol exposure leads to a permanent impairment of ocular dominance plasticity (od) or to an alteration in the timing of the critical period. ferrets were exposed to alcohol during a brief period of development prior to eye opening and effects of monocular deprivation examined during early, mid and late critical period. single-unit electrophysiology revealed ... | 2005 | 15939092 |
| kv4.2 and kchip2 transcription in individual cardiomyocytes from the rat left ventricular free wall. | biophysical and genetic evidence suggests that kv4-kchip2 heteromeric ion channels are the molecular correlate of the dominating fast component of the cardiac transient outward k+ current (itof). since itof is one of the essential currents contributing to the shape of the cardiac action potential in the rat, ferret, dog, and human heart, an important implication of this concept is that all ventricular cardiac myocytes from these species express members of the kv4 and the kchip2 gene family. to t ... | 2005 | 15946675 |
| factors affecting the electrofusion of mouse and ferret oocytes with ferret somatic cells. | the domestic ferret, mustela putorius furos, holds great promise as a genetic model for human lung disease, provided that key technologies for somatic cell nuclear transfer (scnt) are developed. in this report, we extend our understanding of scnt in this species by defining conditions for efficient cell fusion by electrical pulse. two experimental systems were employed in this study. first, in vivo-matured mouse oocytes and ferret somatic cells were used to establish general parameters for fusio ... | 2005 | 15948164 |
| beta-carotene and the application of transcriptomics in risk-benefit evaluation of natural dietary components. | beta-carotene is a natural food component that is present in fruits and vegetables and is also used as a food colorant and a supplement. beta-carotene is an anti-oxidant and a source of vitamin a. it is endowed with health beneficial properties, but a number of studies showed that with high intakes it may increase the risk for lung cancer in at risk individuals (heavy smokers, asbestos workers and alcohol users). to establish the window of benefit, it is necessary to identify early markers of ef ... | 2005 | 15949680 |
| the art and design of genetic screens: mouse. | humans are mammals, not bacteria or plants, yeast or nematodes, insects or fish. mice are also mammals, but unlike gorilla and goat, fox and ferret, giraffe and jackal, they are suited perfectly to the laboratory environment and genetic experimentation. in this review, we will summarize the tools, tricks and techniques for executing forward genetic screens in the mouse and argue that this approach is now accessible to most biologists, rather than being the sole domain of large national facilitie ... | 2005 | 15951745 |
| saturated in beer: awareness of beer advertising in late childhood and adolescence. | the purpose of this study was to examine exposure, response to, and awareness of beer advertising in 2 age groups, including awareness of a budweiser advertisement (ad) that portrayed lizards and an animated ferret. | 2005 | 15963904 |
| differential action of domperidone to modify emesis and behaviour induced by apomorphine in the ferret. | the action of domperidone (1 mg/kg, i.p.) on spontaneous behaviour and the emesis and behavioural change induced by apomorphine (0.25 mg/kg, s.c.) were studied in the ferret. domperidone was inactive to modify spontaneous behaviour but apomorphine-induced emesis and increased locomotor activity (distance travelled and velocity of movement; p<0.05); the emesis, but not the modification of locomotor activity was antagonized significantly (p<0.01) by domperidone. however, apomorphine did not modify ... | 2005 | 15963978 |
| organic secretory products, adaptive responses and innervation in the parotid gland of ferret: a histochemical study. | to qualify cellular events of possible pathophysiological significance in the parotid of ferret, tissue obtained post-mortem from mature animals of either sex was examined by light microscopical histochemistry for calcium, protein, amino acids, mucosubstances and hydrolases, and by neurohistology. calcium was localised in acinar cells replete with granules containing protein, disulphides and usually carboxylated mucosubstances. acid phosphatase activity was basally concentrated in the acinar cel ... | 2005 | 15970208 |
| ferret fanatic. | 2005 | 15971812 | |
| the effect of carbamazepine on injury-induced ectopic discharge in the lingual nerve. | previous studies have shown that the development of ectopic activity from damaged axons following nerve injury may contribute to the aetiology of sensory disturbances, including dysaesthesia. pharmacological manipulation of this activity could provide a method of treatment for this intractable condition. in this study we have investigated the effect of carbamazepine, an anti-convulsant, as it is known to have membrane stabilising properties. in eight anaesthetised adult ferrets the left lingual ... | 2005 | 15993865 |
| regulation of erythrocyte na-k-2cl cotransport by threonine phosphorylation. | a method is described to measure threonine phosphorylation of the na-k-2cl cotransporter in ferret erythrocytes using readily available antibodies. we show that most, if not all, cotransporter in these cells is nkcc1, and this was immunoprecipitated with t4. cotransport rate, measured as 86rb influx, correlates well with threonine phosphorylation of t4-immunoprecipitated protein. the cotransporter effects large fluxes and is significantly phosphorylated in cells under control conditions. transpo ... | 2005 | 15996636 |
| prevention of disease in ferrets fed an inactivated whole cell campylobacter jejuni vaccine. | ferrets were used to demonstrate the potential of a killed whole cell vaccine prepared from campylobacter jejuni to protect against disease. c. jejuni strain 81-176 was grown in bhi broth, formalin-fixed, and resuspended in pbs to a concentration of 10(10) cells per ml. this vaccine (cwc) or live organisms were delivered orally with a nasogastric tube into anesthetized animals treated to reduce gastric acidity and intestinal motility. when 5x10(10) cfu of the vaccine strain (lior serotype 5) or ... | 2005 | 16005742 |
| characterization of a human h5n1 influenza a virus isolated in 2003. | in 2003, h5n1 avian influenza virus infections were diagnosed in two hong kong residents who had visited the fujian province in mainland china, affording us the opportunity to characterize one of the viral isolates, a/hong kong/213/03 (hk213; h5n1). in contrast to h5n1 viruses isolated from humans during the 1997 outbreak in hong kong, hk213 retained several features of aquatic bird viruses, including the lack of a deletion in the neuraminidase stalk and the absence of additional oligosaccharide ... | 2005 | 16014953 |
| ephrin-as mediate targeting of eye-specific projections to the lateral geniculate nucleus. | axon guidance cues contributing to the development of eye-specific visual projections to the lateral geniculate nucleus (lgn) have not previously been identified. here we show that gradients of ephrin-as and their receptors (ephas) direct retinal ganglion cell (rgc) axons from the two eyes into their stereotyped pattern of layers in the lgn. overexpression of ephas in ferret rgcs using in vivo electroporation induced axons from both eyes to misproject within the lgn. the effects of epha overexpr ... | 2005 | 16025110 |
| lack of inotropic effect of nitric oxide on the rat myocardium. | 1. nitric oxide (no) is an important mediator of contractile function in the heart. however, isolated papillary muscle preparations appear to lack no responsiveness in certain animal species. although cat, guinea-pig and ferret models have been no responsive, there have been mixed results in the rat papillary muscle. in null form, we tested three separate hypotheses in rat papillary muscle, specifically that the no donor sodium nitroprusside (snp) would not affect the contractility of: (i) the i ... | 2005 | 16026510 |
| polyunsaturated fatty acid and peroxide levels in rations for fitch (mustela putorius furo). | 1984 | 16031027 | |
| systemic candidosis in a fitch. | a 4-month-old fitch (mustela putorius furo) was presented vomiting and with a haemorrhagic enteritis that failed to respond to antibiotic, vitamin and fluid therapy. at necropsy, apart from lesions referable to an enteritis, no other specific abnormality was observed. histopathologically, lesions were seen in myocardium and renal medulla associated with mycelia, pseudomycelia and blastospores. marked lymphoid depletion was noted in lymph nodes and spleen. candida tropicalis was isolated from liv ... | 1984 | 16031078 |
| a congenital toxoplasma-like disease in ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | approximately 30% of 750 neonatal farmed ferret kits died without observed clinical signs. the presence of multifocal necrosis associated with toxoplasma-like organisms in the liver, lung and heart suggested a diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. surviving animals from affected litters were stunted but showed no histological or serological evidence of toxoplasma infection, nor could infection be demonstrated by mouse inoculation. the involvement of animals at one day of age indicated congenitally acquire ... | 1986 | 16031250 |
| suspected foreign body peritonitis in fitch (mustela putorius furo). | a severe, fatal, exudative peritonitis was investigated in a flock of 100 breeding fitch mustela putorius furo. the presence of enteric flora within the lesions and steel spicules within the stomach contents suggested that this disease may have been caused by steel fragments perforating the intestine. scoring and pitting of a steel mincer plate used for food preparation consistent with the size and shape of the steel particles found in the stomach, further supported this hypothesis. there were n ... | 1986 | 16031296 |
| an outbreak of post-vaccinal suspected distemper-like encephalitis in farmed ferrets (mustela putorius furo). | two outbreaks of an encephalitis apparently induced by an attenuated live distemper vaccine occurred in a large ferret breeding establishment in new zealand. approximately 350 of 6,000 young ferrets 16-22 weeks old died. many were found dead with no premonitory signs, others showed severe neurological signs. some with central nervous system (c.n.s.) signs recovered. pathological examination showed no gross abnormalities except for a few with mild conjunctivitis, rhinitis and lung emphysema. micr ... | 1988 | 16031485 |