Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| the efficacy of modified-live bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccines in experimentally infected calves. | the efficacy of modified-live (mlv) bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) vaccines and the correlates of vaccine-induced immunity were investigated in calves using a virulent experimental infection. clinical disease and pulmonary pathology were significantly reduced, relative to unvaccinated controls, in calves vaccinated according to label directions with commercial multivalent mlv brsv vaccines. in vitro assays of cellular immunity were more consistent correlates of vaccine associated prot ... | 1999 | 10580205 |
| respiratory viral infections in lung transplant recipients: radiologic findings with clinical correlation. | to evaluate radiologic finding of respiratory viral infection in lung transplant recipients with clinical correlation. | 1999 | 10580947 |
| the epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in south african children. | to review the incidence, outcomes and risk factors associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in south african children. | 1999 | 10582064 |
| reverse genetics of the paramyxoviridae. | 1999 | 10582105 | |
| evaluation of an evidence-based guideline for bronchiolitis. | to describe the effect of implementing an evidence-based clinical practice guideline for the inpatient care of infants with bronchiolitis at the children's hospital medical center in cincinnati, ohio. | 1999 | 10585985 |
| previously healthy infants may have increased risk of aspiration during respiratory syncytial viral bronchiolitis. | respiratory illnesses may cause feeding difficulties in infants. we studied the safety of oral feeding during respiratory syncytial viral (rsv) bronchiolitis in previously healthy infants. | 1999 | 10585993 |
| prednisolone treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection: a randomized controlled trial of 147 infants. | to evaluate the effect of systemic prednisolone as an adjunct to conventional treatment with beta2-agonist, respiratory support, and fluid replacement in hospitalized infants <24 months of age with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. | 1999 | 10586011 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and subsequent lower respiratory tract infections in developing countries: a new twist to an old virus. | 1999 | 10586163 | |
| respiratory illness after severe respiratory syncytial virus disease in infancy in the gambia. | to determine the frequency of later respiratory tract morbidity after respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease in infancy. | 1999 | 10586169 |
| comparison of vidas with direct immunofluorescence for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus in clinical specimens. | requirements for infection control measures and the decision for treatment with antiviral agents make the rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) essential for hospitalized, pediatric and immunocompromised patients. immunofluorescence is considered to be the most rapid and sensitive method for direct detection of rsv in clinical specimens, but several enzyme-linked immunoassays have also been commercially available. | 1999 | 10588455 |
| plasma surfactant protein-b is elevated in infants with respiratory syncytial virus-induced bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most frequent cause of bronchiolitis. however the pathophysiology of bronchiolitis is unclear. leukocytes, especially neutrophils, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis. whereas we have previously shown that neutrophils augment epithelial leakage and detachment in rsv infection in vitro, it is unknown whether epithelial damage occurs in vivo in infants with rsv bronchiolitis. we hypothesized that respiratory epithelial damage occ ... | 1999 | 10590031 |
| respiratory syncytial virus that lacks open reading frame 2 of the m2 gene (m2-2) has altered growth characteristics and is attenuated in rodents. | the m2 gene of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) encodes two putative proteins: m2-1 and m2-2; both are believed to be involved in the rna transcription or replication process. to understand the function of the m2-2 protein in virus replication, we deleted the majority of the m2-2 open reading frame from an infectious cdna clone derived from the human rsv a2 strain. transfection of hep-2 cells with the cdna clone containing the m2-2 deletion, together with plasmids that encoded the rsv n, p, and ... | 2000 | 10590093 |
| mutations in the 5' trailer region of a respiratory syncytial virus minigenome which limit rna replication to one step. | the 3' termini of the genomic and antigenomic rnas of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are identical at 10 of the first 11 nucleotide positions and 21 of the first 26 positions. these conserved 3'-terminal sequences are thought to contain the genomic and antigenomic promoters. furthermore, the complement of each conserved sequence (i.e., the 5' end of the rna it encodes) might contain an encapsidation signal. using an rsv minigenome system, we individually mutated each of the last seven n ... | 2000 | 10590101 |
| liposome encapsulation of a soluble recombinant fragment of the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) g protein enhances immune protection and reduces lung eosinophilia associated with virus challenge. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in young children and infants. previous animal studies have shown that immunizing intramuscularly or intraperitoneally with the rsv g protein has elicited protective as well as harmful immune responses upon rsv challenge. in an rsv immunization strategy designed to target the respiratory tract directly (the site of rsv replication), we immunized balb/c mice intranasally with a liposome-encapsulated, prokaryotical ... | 2000 | 10590333 |
| supply, use, and abuse of intravenous immunoglobulin. | intravenous immunoglobulin is used as a replacement therapy in primary immunodeficiency diseases as well as an immunomodulatory agent in a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. the mechanisms of intravenous immunoglobulin action are complex and, for some disorders, not well understood. this paper reviews the recent literature and discusses approved, new, and controversial indications for intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, with special emphasis on its mechanism of action. | 1999 | 10590912 |
| use of respiratory syncytial virus testing could safely eliminate many sepsis evaluations. | 1999 | 10591315 | |
| [prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in preterm infants with/without bronchopulmonary dysplasia: hyperimmune globulin (rsv-igiv) and palivizumab (medi-493)]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes seasonal epidemics between december and march (april) and remains the main agent that causes severe lower respiratory tract infections in young infants. children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia up to 24 months of age and preterm infants with a gestational age of 32 weeks and below, who are less than six months of age, are at highest risk for severe rsv infection. rsv-igiv has been demonstrated to reduce significantly rsv associated hospitalizations, rsv a ... | 1999 | 10592925 |
| [practice guideline by the german society for pediatric infectious diseases with respect to prevention of rsv infections through immunoglobulin administration]. | 1999 | 10592932 | |
| cetirizine counter-regulates interleukin-8 release from human epithelial cells (a549) | cetirizine, a h1-receptor antagonist, exerts besides its well-known anti-allergic potential an array of anti-inflammatory activities. in particular epithelial cells activated in the presence of cetirizine showed a reduced icam-1 cell surface expression and a diminished release of sicam-1. | 1999 | 10594545 |
| effects of respiratory syncytial virus persistence on airway responsiveness and inflammation in guinea-pigs. | recurrent wheezing and asthma often develop after acute respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis, but the mechanisms of these sequelae are poorly understood. using a guinea-pig model of human rsv lung infection, the effects of long-term viral persistence on three hallmarks of asthma: nonspecific airway responsiveness, airway inflammation and airway remodelling were examined. guinea-pigs were studied 100 days after intranasal instillation of either human rsv or uninfected vehicle, using: 1 ... | 1999 | 10596691 |
| persistent high bal fluid granulocyte activation marker levels as early indicators of bronchiolitis obliterans after lung transplant. | the major cause of mortality in the long-term in lung transplant recipients is chronic rejection. this is a fibroproliferative process in the small airways leading to obliterative bronchiolitis and progressive loss of lung function, both constituting the clinical entity bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (bos). granulocyte activation has been implicated as one factor behind bos. granulocyte markers in bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid were prospectively and longitudinally studied in order to ide ... | 1999 | 10596701 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: an underestimated cause of respiratory infection, with prospects for a vaccine. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infects most people by the time they are 2 years old and reinfects throughout life. rsv is best recognised for causing bronchiolitis in infants--it is one of the most important respiratory pathogens in childhood in industrialised countries. the clinical manifestations of rsv infection in adults and elderly people, from upper respiratory tract infection to pneumonia, are less well known. part of the burden of winter mortality in elderly people is attributable to ... | 1999 | 10598379 |
| serological and molecular diagnosis of bovine viral diarrhoea virus and evidence of other viral infections in dairy calves with respiratory disease in venezuela. | an investigation based on 2 studies was carried out to assess the involvement of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv), bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1), and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) in calf respiratory disease in dairy farms in venezuela. in the first study, 8 farms were selected and paired serum samples from 42 calves with respiratory disease were tested by elisa for antibodies to the 3 viruses. seroconversion to bvdv, bhv-1, and brsv was found to 5, 2, and 6 farms out of the 8 ... | 1999 | 10605142 |
| alterations in apoptosis of cord and adult peripheral blood mononuclear cells induced by in vitro infection with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a major cause of morbidity in children, results in severe lower respiratory tract infections. with an in vitro infection system of isolated cord or adult peripheral blood mononuclear cells, addition of virus to cell cultures resulted in significant reductions in cell deaths, as measured by 2 independent assays: quantitation of cells with subdiploid levels of dna and cells with dna strand breaks. decreased cell death was observed in lymphocytes and monocytes of ... | 2000 | 10608787 |
| rsv infection in infants and young children. what's new in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention? | rsv is the most important respiratory pathogen in infants and young children. about 1% of primary rsv infections result in hospitalization. the virus is spread by large droplets of secretions or contact with contaminated secretions. infants infected with rsv may demonstrate poor feeding, rhinorrhea, apnea, lethargy, wheezing, and respiratory distress. diagnosis may be made by clinical signs and symptoms (especially those observed during epidemics), by chest radiographs showing hyperinflation, or ... | 1999 | 10608968 |
| [recommendations for immunologic prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections]. | 1999 | 10612193 | |
| a rhoa-derived peptide inhibits syncytium formation induced by respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus type 3. | the fusion glycoproteins of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human parainfluenza virus type-3 (piv-3) mediate virus entry and syncytium formation. interaction between the fusion protein of rsv and rhoa, a small gtpase, facilitates virus-induced syncytium formation. we show here a rhoa-derived peptide inhibits rsv and syncytium formation induced by rsv and piv-3, both in vitro by inhibition of cell-to-cell fusion and in vivo by reduction of peak titer by 2 log10 in rsv-infected mice. t ... | 2000 | 10613821 |
| mortality following isolation of various respiratory viruses in nursing home residents. | to compare mortality following isolation of influenza a to mortality following isolation of other respiratory viruses in a nursing home. | 1999 | 10614604 |
| microbial aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalised patients. | adult patients hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia were studied prospectively to determine the microbial aetiology of pneumonia. between april 1996 and march 1997, blood and sputum samples were collected for culture. throat swabs were obtained for isolation of viruses and for detection of antigens of chlamydia pneumoniae, influenza viruses a and b, respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus. antibodies against legionella spp., mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydia pneumoniae, chla ... | 1999 | 10614951 |
| eosinophilia at the time of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis predicts childhood reactive airway disease. | bronchiolitis in infancy is viewed as a risk factor for childhood asthma, but factors predicting which infants will have persistent wheezing have not been identified. in addition, the nature of the association between the 2 conditions is uncertain. we wished to determine whether eosinophil counts at the time of acute bronchiolitis predicted the presence of wheezing in later childhood. | 2000 | 10617708 |
| mink lung cells and mixed mink lung and a549 cells for rapid detection of influenza virus and other respiratory viruses. | mink lung cells were more sensitive than the commonly used mdck or prhmk cells for rapid detection of influenza virus a from clinical specimens. mixed mv1lu and a549 cells in a single shell vial were synergistic for detection of influenza virus a and were as sensitive as individual cells for detection of other respiratory viruses. | 2000 | 10618131 |
| primary respiratory syncytial virus infection: pathology, immune response, and evaluation of vaccine challenge strains in a new mouse model. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the primary cause of lower respiratory tract illness in young children. vaccine development has been hampered by the experience of the formalin-inactivated vaccine tested in the 1960's. currently, several vaccine candidates are under development and immune response to these candidate vaccines must be evaluated closely. we introduce a novel low-dose murine model of rsv infection and a new pathologic scoring system for the resultant pulmonary disease. we have a ... | 2000 | 10618539 |
| the cost-effectiveness of a hypothetical respiratory syncytial virus vaccine in the elderly. | to determine if specific levels of vaccine cost and effectiveness exist that would support eventual respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine use in the elderly, a cost-effectiveness study was conducted comparing yearly administration of a hypothetical rsv vaccine among the 65-year-old us cohort to medical management of disease. using base case assumptions - including a vaccine effectiveness against rsv-related hospitalization and death of 80% and a vaccine cost of us$33 - vaccine would result i ... | 2000 | 10618546 |
| prophylaxis for respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | 1999 | 10622321 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus and wheeze. | 1999 | 10622322 | |
| measures for control of influenza. | influenza viruses cause recurring illnesses among individuals and recurring epidemics among populations. the major effective control measure for preventing infection and illness is inactivated vaccine, which can prevent influenza illnesses and their complications when given before exposure to the virus. while inactivated vaccine is effective for preventing influenza in most individuals, recommendations for its use focus on the prevention of severe disease and death among those who are at high ri ... | 1999 | 10623375 |
| profilin is required for optimal actin-dependent transcription of respiratory syncytial virus genome rna. | transcription of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) genome rna exhibited an obligatory need for the host cytoskeletal protein actin. optimal transcription, however, required the participation of another cellular protein that was characterized as profilin by a number of criteria. the amino acid sequence of the protein, purified on the basis of its transcription-optimizing activity in vitro, exactly matched that of profilin. rsv transcription was inhibited 60 to 80% by antiprofilin antibody o ... | 2000 | 10623728 |
| respiratory syncytial virus genetic and antigenic diversity. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of viral lower respiratory tract infections among infants and young children in both developing and developed countries. there are two major antigenic groups of rsv, a and b, and additional antigenic variability occurs within the groups. the most extensive antigenic and genetic diversity is found in the attachment glycoprotein, g. during individual epidemic periods, viruses of both antigenic groups may cocirculate or viruses of one group may pre ... | 2000 | 10627488 |
| chimeric bovine respiratory syncytial virus with glycoprotein gene substitutions from human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv): effects on host range and evaluation as a live-attenuated hrsv vaccine. | we recently developed a system for the generation of infectious bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) from cdna. here, we report the recovery of fully viable chimeric recombinant brsvs (rbrsvs) that carry human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) glycoproteins in place of their brsv counterparts, thus combining the replication machinery of brsv with the major antigenic determinants of hrsv. a cdna encoding the brsv antigenome was modified so that the complete g and f genes, including the gene ... | 2000 | 10627529 |
| the outcome of 26 patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection following allogeneic stem cell transplantation. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is known to cause acute lung injury in the immunocompromised host, especially recipients of bone marrow allografts. specific prognostic factors for the development of severe life-threatening disease remain to be identified as does the optimum treatment of established disease. over a 5-year period the incidence and outcome of rsv in bmt recipients was analysed retrospectively. prognostic factors assessed included type of transplant, engraftment status at the time ... | 1999 | 10627641 |
| alteration of leukocyte populations in calves concurrently infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infection altered leukocyte populations in calves that were reflected by depression of t, bocd4+, and bocd8+ lymphocytes in the thymus and depression of b lymphocytes in peyer's patches (pp). the present study was based on mononuclear leukocyte preparations from eighteen 9- to 12-month-old crossbred calves that were each exposed to either bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), bvdv, or brsv and bvdv concurrently, or served as mock-infected controls. periphe ... | 1999 | 10630791 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and premature infants born at 32 weeks' gestation or earlier: hospitalization and economic implications of prophylaxis. | to assess the risk of hospitalization associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and to estimate the economic impact of rsv prophylaxis with either rsv immune globulin (rsv-ig) or rsv monoclonal antibody (palivizumab) on a cohort of preterm infants born at 32 weeks' gestation or earlier. | 2000 | 10632251 |
| update: respiratory syncytial virus activity--united states, 1998-1999 season. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract disease in infants and young children worldwide. in temperate climates, rsv infections occur primarily during annual outbreaks, which peak during winter months . in the united states, rsv activity is monitored by the national respiratory and enteric virus surveillance system (nrevss), a voluntary, laboratory-based system. this report summarizes trends in rsv activity reported to nrevss during july 1998 june 199 ... | 1999 | 10632299 |
| control of an outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus infection in immunocompromised adults. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is increasingly recognized as an important pathogen in immunocompromised adults, particularly those receiving bone marrow transplants, and, given the ease with which it spreads, represents a significant nosocomial problem. we describe an outbreak of rsv infection involving eight patients on a haematology/oncology ward which was controlled by early screening of patients and staff. positive patients were cohort nursed on a separate ward and basic infection control ... | 2000 | 10633054 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus]. | 1999 | 10635845 | |
| the bulk of the phosphorylation of human respiratory syncytial virus phosphoprotein is not essential but modulates viral rna transcription and replication. | the ability of variants of the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) phosphoprotein (p protein) to support rna transcription and replication has been studied by using hrsv-based subgenomic replicons. the serine residues normally phosphorylated in p during hrsv infection have been replaced by other residues. the results indicate that the bulk of phosphorylation of p (98%) is not essential for viral rna transcription or replication but that phosphorylation can modulate these processes. | 2000 | 10640550 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to assess respiratory syncytial virus concentration and correlate results with inflammatory mediators in tracheal secretions. | we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the quantitation of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in respiratory secretions in intubated patients infected with rsv. | 2000 | 10643842 |
| bronchiolitis-associated hospitalizations among american indian and alaska native children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract illness among infants and young children. respiratory system diseases account for a large proportion of hospitalizations in american indian and alaska native (ai/an) children; however, aggregate estimates of rsv-associated hospitalizations among ai/an children have not been made. | 2000 | 10643844 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection and g and/or sh protein expression contribute to substance p, which mediates inflammation and enhanced pulmonary disease in balb/c mice. | a distinct clinical presentation of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection of humans is bronchiolitis, which has clinical features similar to those of asthma. substance p (sp), a tachykinin neuropeptide, has been associated with neurogenic inflammation and asthma; therefore, we chose to examine sp-induced inflammation with rsv infection. in this study, we examined the production of pulmonary sp associated with rsv infection of balb/c mice and the effect of anti-sp f(ab)(2) antibodies on the ... | 2000 | 10644330 |
| randomised placebo controlled trial of nebulised corticosteroids in acute respiratory syncytial viral bronchiolitis. | to evaluate short and long term effects of giving nebulised budesonide early in respiratory syncytial viral (rsv) bronchiolitis. | 2000 | 10648365 |
| influenza and the rates of hospitalization for respiratory disease among infants and young children. | young children may be at increased risk for serious complications from influenzavirus infection. however, in population-based studies it has been difficult to separate the effects of influenzavirus from those of respiratory syncytial virus. respiratory syncytial virus often circulates with influenzaviruses and is the most frequent cause of hospitalization for lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. we studied the rates of hospitalization for acute respiratory-disease am ... | 2000 | 10648764 |
| is it time to give influenza vaccine to healthy infants? | 2000 | 10648771 | |
| tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 profiles in children with pneumonia. | pneumonia is a common cause of hospitalization and is associated with high morbidity in children. tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) and interleukin-6 (il-6) are primary mediators of inflammation, and have been implicated in a large number of infectious and non-infectious inflammatory diseases. the serum concentrations of tnf-alpha and il-6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in 27 patients with bacterial pneumonia (n = 12) or respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumon ... | 1999 | 10650487 |
| comparability testing of a humanized monoclonal antibody (synagis) to support cell line stability, process validation, and scale-up for manufacturing. | biochemical and functional testing of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against respiratory syncytial virus (synagis) has been performed to evaluate cell line stability, support process validation, and to demonstrate "comparability" during the course of process development. using a variety of analytical methods, product manufactured at different sites and in bioreactors from 20 litres to 10,000 litres was shown to be biochemically and functionally equivalent. the biochemical testing for m ... | 1999 | 10652176 |
| simulfluor respiratory screen for rapid detection of multiple respiratory viruses in clinical specimens by immunofluorescence staining. | a new rapid direct immunofluorescence assay (dfa) respiratory screen reagent for detection of seven common respiratory viruses (respiratory syncytial virus [rsv], influenza a and b viruses, parainfluenza virus types 1 to 3, and adenovirus) was compared with standard single or dual dfa reagents and culture. in total, 1,531 respiratory samples were adequate for testing with both simulfluor respiratory screen (rs) reagent (chemicon international, temecula, calif.) and single or dual dfa reagents. t ... | 2000 | 10655371 |
| impact of respiratory virus infections on persons with chronic underlying conditions. | while hospitalization rates have declined overall, hospitalizations for acute lower respiratory tract infections have increased steadily since 1980. development of new approaches for prevention of acute respiratory tract conditions requires studies of the etiologies of infections and quantification of the risk of hospitalization for vulnerable patients. | 2000 | 10659876 |
| activation of erk2 by respiratory syncytial virus in a549 cells is linked to the production of interleukin 8. | the airway inflammation that results from respiratory syncytial virus infection is associated with a marked increase in interleukin 8 and neutrophils in the infected sites of the lung. in this study, the relationship between production of interleukin 8, infection of a549 cells by the virus, and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapks) was investigated. infection of a549 cells by the virus caused an increase on the activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (erk2) by about ... | 2000 | 10660833 |
| [development of new approaches to standartization of enzyme immunoassay test systems for detection of antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus using electron microscopy and monoclonal antibodies]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), strain long, was purified through 20-60% sucrose gradient. the virions from different sucrose density zones were tested by elisa for reactivity with monoclonal antibodies (mab) to f- (mab 9c5) and n- (mab 8b10) proteins of rsv. comparative study of the same patterns of rsv by electron microscopy after negative staining showed a close relationship between the virion morphology and mab binding in elisa. mab 9c5 were highly reactive with the surface domains of bot ... | 1999 | 10665066 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus infections and preventive options]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most prominent pathogen found in respiratory tract infections in children and the most important cause of bronchiolitis in the first two years of life. in the netherlands approximately 2000 children are admitted each winter season. a serious course is mostly seen in children younger than 3 months, (ex-)prematures, children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia or congenital cardiac anomalies, children with cystic fibrosis younger then 2 years and children with ... | 2000 | 10665299 |
| [low incidence of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections among children younger than 12 months in the department of pediatrics, sophia children's hospital at rotterdam]. | to investigate the occurrence of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections and to compare their clinical features with those of community-acquired rsv infections. | 2000 | 10665300 |
| synthesis and characterization of respiratory syncytial virus protein g related peptides containing two disulfide bridges. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of bronchiolitis and viral pneumonia in infants and young children. approximately 100000 children are hospitalized in the usa each year as a result of rsv infections. during the research and development of subunit human respiratory syncytial virus vaccines (hrsv), we have produced numerous synthetic peptides and recombinant proteins containing the four cysteines of the highly conserved central region of the g attachment protein. for s ... | 2000 | 10667858 |
| respiratory viral infections in the elderly. | viral respiratory infections represent a significant challenge for those interested in improving the health of the elderly. influenza continues to result in a large burden of excess morbidity and mortality. two effective measures, inactivated influenza vaccine, and the antiviral drugs rimantadine and amantadine, are currently available for control of this disease. inactivated vaccine should be given yearly to all of those over the age of 65, as well as younger individuals with high-risk medical ... | 1999 | 10669259 |
| viral and bacterial infections in the development and progression of asthma. | viral respiratory infections produce wheezing illnesses in patients of all ages. in infancy, infections with respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus are the major cause of bronchiolitis and croup, whereas infections with common cold viruses such as rhinoviruses are the principal triggers for wheezing in older children and adults with asthma. in addition to causing increased wheezing in asthma, there is mounting evidence that infections early in childhood can affect the development of ... | 2000 | 10669531 |
| the relevance of allergen exposure to the development of asthma in childhood. | sensitization to 1 or more of the common indoor allergens has been consistently associated with asthma among children and young adults (odds ratios for asthma, 3-18). for dust mite and cockroach allergens, there is a dose response relationship between domestic exposure and sensitization. given that allergen provocation can induce many of the features of asthma, the findings strongly suggest that there is a causal relationship between allergen exposure in the home and asthma. however, it remains ... | 2000 | 10669532 |
| respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin treatment of lower respiratory tract infection in pediatric patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation - a compassionate use experience. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumonia in bmt recipients carries a mortality rate of approximately 50-70% despite ribavirin (virazole) treatment. in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised animal models, rsv neutralizing antibodies rapidly reduce pulmonary virus load after a single dose. rsv-igiv (respigam) is an igg immune globulin with high concentrations of rsv neutralizing antibody (>19 200 mu/ml). from june 1991 to february 1996, a compassionate-use protocol using rsv-igiv for treat ... | 2000 | 10673674 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) immune globulin and palivizumab for prevention of rsv infection. | the efficacy, safety, administration, and advantages and disadvantages of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) immune globulin and palivizumab for preventing rsv infection are discussed. prevention of rsv infection has attracted considerable attention because of its dinical and economic impact. studies have shown respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin intravenous (rsv-igiv) and palivizumab to be effective in decreasing the number of hospitalizations and hospital days attributable to rsv. the n ... | 2000 | 10674778 |
| prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus in premature infants. | 2000 | 10675148 | |
| regulated but not constitutive human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) p protein phosphorylation is essential for oligomerization. | purified human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) p phosphoprotein from transfected hep-2 cells is able to oligomerize forming tetramers. the bulk of constitutive p protein phosphorylation (99. 8%) (serine residues 116, 117, 119, 232 and 237) can be removed without affecting protein oligomerization. however, dephosphorylated p protein, produced in bacteria, is unable to oligomerize. this difference can be explained by a transient p protein phosphorylation, detected in hep-2 cells, that could be ... | 2000 | 10675554 |
| pathological and microbiological studies on pneumonic lungs from danish calves. | during 1 year, the association between microbiological and pathological findings in 72 lungs from calves submitted to the danish veterinary laboratory for diagnostic purposes was studied. all cases were evaluated pathologically and bacteriologically, whereas only 68 cases were examined for the presence of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), parainfluenza-3 virus (pi-3 virus) and bovine coronavirus, 62 cases for bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvd), 45 cases for bovine adenovirus and 51 case ... | 1999 | 10676147 |
| rapid detection of respiratory viruses by centrifugation enhanced cultures from children with acute lower respiratory tract infections. | acute respiratory tract infection (ari) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in young children in developing countries. information on viral aetiology in ari in india is very limited. | 2000 | 10680739 |
| purification of respiratory syncytial virus f and g proteins. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections of infants in industrial nations. in addition, the participation of rsv in the genesis of asthma is under discussion. the rsv glycoproteins f and g have key positions in the viral pathogenesis. at present no satisfactory protein purification protocols are available for these proteins. the methods published for the g protein using preparative sds-page or immunoaffinity chromatography yield o ... | 2000 | 10681046 |
| evaluation of the antibody specificities of human convalescent-phase sera against the attachment (g) protein of human respiratory syncytial virus: influence of strain variation and carbohydrate side chains. | the c-terminal third of the attachment protein (g) of several human respiratory syncytial virus isolates was obtained as either a glycosylated protease-resistant fragment of the purified protein or a nonglycosylated gst fusion protein expressed in bacteria. the reactivity of human convalescent-phase sera with both forms of the protein segment was evaluated in immunoblots. while all serum samples reacted with the mature intact protein of the different isolates, only certain samples reacted with t ... | 2000 | 10686032 |
| right lung agenesis with left pulmonary artery sling. | we report on a 2-month-old infant girl who had right pulmonary agenesis and an unusual course of the left pulmonary artery. computed tomography and cardiac catheterization showed that the left pulmonary artery arose from the main pulmonary artery, crossing the midline, and reaching the left lung via an aberrant course between the esophagus and trachea. the coexistence of right pulmonary agenesis and left pulmonary sling is extremely rare. unlike in other reports, our patient remained symptom-fre ... | 2000 | 10686046 |
| [will we ever say no? for example to the rsv prophylaxis?]. | 2000 | 10687354 | |
| palivizumab for respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis. | palivizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody, has been approved by the fda to prevent severe lower respiratory tract infections caused by rsv in high-risk patients. prophylaxis of rsv infections with palivizumab requires monthly injections (15 mg/kg) during the rsv season. in the impact-rsv study, hospitalizations resulting from rsv decreased by 55% in the palivizumab treatment group. palivizumab has also been shown to decrease the number of days with moderate or severe rsv infection, with an in ... | 1999 | 10690084 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: understanding the threat to communities. | 1999 | 10692709 | |
| nasal quantity of respiratory syncytical virus correlates with disease severity in hospitalized infants. | to evaluate the relationship between nasal quantity of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and disease severity in hospitalized infants without underlying cardiopulmonary disease or immunodeficiency. | 2000 | 10693996 |
| prophylaxis for respiratory syncytial virus with respiratory syncytial virus-immunoglobulin intravenous among preterm infants of thirty-two weeks gestation and less: reduction in incidence, severity of illness and cost. | to determine the impact of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis among preterm infants of < or =32 weeks gestation by comparing the severity of illness and cost of rsv-related care during the two winter seasons before (1994 to 1995, 1995 to 1996) with the two seasons after initiation of prophylaxis (1996 to 1997, 1997 to 1998). | 2000 | 10694001 |
| significance of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in the 1st year of life. | in this study we investigated the frequency, symptoms and predisposing factors of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection during the 1st year of life in infants with obstructive airway disease in comparison with infants without airway disease. | 2000 | 10697789 |
| evaluation of the live attenuated cpts 248/404 rsv vaccine in combination with a subunit rsv vaccine (pfp-2) in healthy young and older adults. | the safety and immunogenicity of the live attenuated cold-passaged, temperature-sensitive (cpts) 248/404 respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) a2 and the rsv a2 purified f glycoprotein (pfp-2) vaccine candidates were evaluated in a placebo-controlled trial in 60 healthy young adults and 60 healthy elderly subjects using simultaneous and sequential (cpts 248/404 followed by pfp-2) vaccination schedules. both vaccines were well tolerated. the cpts 248/404 vaccine was moderately infectious in both youn ... | 2000 | 10699324 |
| rsv prevention. | 2000 | 10702110 | |
| inhibitory effect of ferulic acid and isoferulic acid on the production of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 in response to respiratory syncytial virus infection in raw264.7 cells. | we investigated the effect of ferulic acid (fa) and isoferulic acid (ifa), which are the main active components of the rhizoma of cimicifuga heracleifolia (ch), an anti-inflammatory drug used frequently in japanese traditional medicine, on the production of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (mir-2) in a murine macrophage cell line, raw264.7, in response to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. following the exposure of cells to rsv for 20h, the mip-2 level in condition medium was increase ... | 1999 | 10704056 |
| adhesion molecule expression on epithelial cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory epithelium is both a target and an effector of airway inflammation. adhesion molecules on epithelium play an important role in a variety of airway diseases. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important pathogen for airway diseases in infants. the expression of adhesion molecules on epithelium in rsv infection, however, is unclear. the expression of selected adhesion molecules and major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i and ii antigens on a human alveolar type ii epi ... | 2000 | 10706505 |
| no objective benefit from steroids inhaled via a spacer in infants recovering from bronchiolitis. | a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial was conducted to investigate the efficacy of 3 months' inhaled steroids delivered via a spacer device with face mask attachment to infants recovering from bronchiolitis. forty-eight previously healthy infants recovering from their first documented episode of acute bronchiolitis were randomized to receive 150 microg fluticasone propionate (fp) b.i.d. or placebo delivered via the babyhaler spacer. longitudinal assessments were performed on seven o ... | 2000 | 10706509 |
| palivizumab: an overview. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) affects almost all children in their first 2 years of life and can cause severe or even life-threatening disease in some at-risk infants. treatment is limited and there is currently no safe or effective vaccine. however, a new monoclonal antibody, palivizumab, reduces rsv hospitalization by 55% in at-risk groups if given prophylactically throughout the rsv season. | 1999 | 10707171 |
| bactericidal activity of a monocytic cell line (thp-1) against common respiratory tract bacterial pathogens is depressed after infection with respiratory syncytial virus. | non-typable haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are commonly isolated from patients during the course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). earlier studies found that virus infection enhanced binding of bacterial respiratory pathogens to epithelial cells in vitro. the objective of the present study was to assess the effect of rsv infection of a human monocytic cell line on bactericidal activity and cytokine prod ... | 2000 | 10707942 |
| a humanized monoclonal antibody against respiratory syncytial virus (palivizumab) inhibits rsv-induced neurogenic-mediated inflammation in rat airways. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important respiratory pathogen in infancy and early childhood and may predispose to subsequent lower respiratory tract illness. recent data indicate that rsv up-regulates the substance p receptor, making the airways abnormally susceptible to the proinflammatory effects of this peptide released from sensory nerves. the present study was designed to determine whether the administration of rsv antibodies prevents the potentiation of neurogenic inflammat ... | 2000 | 10709734 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: current status and hope for the future. | 1999 | 10710796 | |
| assessment of bronchodilator responsiveness in infants with bronchiolitis. a comparison of the tidal and the raised volume rapid thoracoabdominal compression technique. | whether bronchodilators should be used for the treatment of infants with bronchiolitis is subject to debate, partly because of the low sensitivity of the methods for assessing lung function changes in infants. in the present study, we compared the recently introduced raised volume (rvrtc) with the conventional end-tidal rapid thoracoabdominal compression (etrtc) technique in infants with acute viral bronchiolitis. in 17 infants lung function was assessed by both methods, at baseline values and a ... | 2000 | 10712319 |
| what determines asthma phenotype? respiratory infections and asthma. | 2000 | 10712377 | |
| bovine respiratory syncytial virus-specific ige is associated with interleukin-2 and -4, and interferon-gamma expression in pulmonary lymph of experimentally infected calves. | to study the local immune response of calves to bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) infection with emphasis on ige production and cytokine gene expression in pulmonary lymph. | 2000 | 10714521 |
| different expression of icam-1 and lfa-1 alpha by peripheral leukocytes during respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus infection in young children. | we compared the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (icam)-1 and lymphocyte function-associated antigen (lfa)-1 alpha (alpha) on the surfaces of peripheral immunocompetent cells of young children infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza virus. flow cytometric analysis revealed a significantly higher percentage of cd14 + monocytes/macrophages that were strongly icam-1-positive in the influenza group than in age-matched controls, whereas the icam-1 expression levels ... | 2000 | 10716070 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection induces expression of the anti-apoptosis gene iex-1l in human respiratory epithelial cells. | by means of differential display reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, increased expression of the mrna encoding the anti-apoptosis gene iex-1l was found in respiratory epithelial cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). iex-1l mrna expression increased 5-7-fold in rsv-infected cells at 72 h after infection but remained unchanged in cells exposed to irradiated, replication-incompetent rsv. because iex-1l is reported to protect cells from apoptosis induced by tumor necros ... | 2000 | 10720500 |
| broad-spectrum antiviral activity of the imp dehydrogenase inhibitor vx-497: a comparison with ribavirin and demonstration of antiviral additivity with alpha interferon. | the enzyme imp dehydrogenase (impdh) catalyzes an essential step in the de novo biosynthesis of guanine nucleotides, namely, the conversion of imp to xmp. the major event occurring in cells exposed to competitive impdh inhibitors such as ribavirin or uncompetitive inhibitors such as mycophenolic acid (mpa) is a depletion of the intracellular gtp and dgtp pools. ribavirin is approved as an inhaled antiviral agent for treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and orally, in combinat ... | 2000 | 10722482 |
| plasmid dna encoding the respiratory syncytial virus g protein is a promising vaccine candidate. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) remains a major cause of severe respiratory diseases in infants, young children, and the elderly. however, development of a rsv vaccine has been hampered by the outcome of the infant trials in the 1960s with a formalin-inactivated rsv preparation. enhanced lung disease was induced by the vaccination post-rsv exposure. previous studies in mice primed with rsv g protein either formulated in adjuvants or delivered by recombinant vaccinia viruses have indicated that ... | 2000 | 10725198 |
| the c-terminal third of human respiratory syncytial virus attachment (g) protein is partially resistant to protease digestion and is glycosylated in a cell-type-specific manner. | the soluble form of the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) attachment protein (gs) was purified from the supernatant of infected cell cultures by immunoaffinity chromatography. digestion of gs with proteases and western blot analysis identified two fragments that were partially resistant to protease degradation. reactivity with diagnostic monoclonal antibodies located these two fragments in the primary structure of the g molecule. the large fragment spanned the c-terminal third of the g pr ... | 2000 | 10725417 |
| fusion of the green fluorescent protein to amino acids 1 to 71 of bovine respiratory syncytial virus glycoprotein g directs the hybrid polypeptide as a class ii membrane protein into the envelope of recombinant bovine herpesvirus-1. | it was recently shown that the class ii membrane glycoprotein g of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is integrated into the envelope of recombinant bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) virions in the correct orientation. to verify the hypothesis that the membrane anchor of brsv g might be suitable to target heterologous polypeptides into the membrane of recombinant bhv-1 particles, an open reading frame encoding a fusion protein between amino acids 1 to 71 of the brsv g glycoprotein and the gree ... | 2000 | 10725432 |
| il-4 diminishes perforin-mediated and increases fas ligand-mediated cytotoxicity in vivo. | ctl have evolved two major mechanisms for target cell killing: one mediated by perforin/granzyme secretion and the other by fas/fas ligand (l) interaction. although cytokines are integral to the development of naive ctl into cytolytic effectors, the role of cytokines on mechanisms of ctl killing is just emerging. in this study, we evaluate the effects of il-4 in fas(cd95)/fasl(cd95l)-mediated killing of fas-overexpressing target cells. recombinant vaccinia viruses (vv) were constructed to expres ... | 2000 | 10725701 |
| update: respiratory syncytial virus activity--united states, 1998-1999 season. | 2000 | 10726369 | |
| risk factors for epidemic respiratory disease in norwegian cattle herds. | an epidemic of acute respiratory disease associated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) occurred during the winter and spring of 1995 in two neighbouring veterinary districts in the south-eastern part of norway. the objective of this study was to describe the time course of the outbreak associated with brsv in the cattle herds, and to determine the association between selected herd factors and the risk of experiencing a herd outbreak of acute respiratory disease. data from 431 cattle ... | 2000 | 10727746 |