Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| role of osphr2 on phosphorus homeostasis and root hairs development in rice (oryza sativa l.). | atphr1 plays a central role in pi-starvation signaling in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana). two phr genes were isolated from rice and designated as osphr1 and osphr2 based on amino acid sequence homology to atphr1. transgenic plants with overexpression and repression of osphr1 and osphr2, respectively, were used for investigation of roles of the genes in pi-signaling pathway and pi homeostasis under pi-sufficient and deficient conditions. the results showed that both of the genes are involved ... | 2008 | 19704822 |
| induction of serotonin accumulation by feeding of rice striped stem borer in rice leaves. | tryptophan (trp)-related secondary metabolism has been implicated in the defense against pathogen infection and insect feeding in various gramineous species. recently, we also reported that rice plant accumulated serotonin and tryptamine as well as their amide compounds coupled with phenolic acids in response to the infection by fungal pathogen. these compounds were likely to play an important role in the formation of physical barrier to the invading pathogens. to extend our study to elucidate t ... | 2008 | 19704837 |
| the origin and evolution of fragrance in rice (oryza sativa l.). | fragrance in the grain is one of the most highly valued grain quality traits in rice, yet the origin and evolution of the betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (badh2) underlying this trait remains unclear. in this study, we identify eight putatively nonfunctional alleles of the badh2 gene and show that these alleles have distinct geographic and genetic origins. despite multiple origins of the fragrance trait, a single allele, badh2.1, is the predominant allele in virtually all fragrant rice varie ... | 2009 | 19706531 |
| phytochromes are the sole photoreceptors for perceiving red/far-red light in rice. | phytochromes are believed to be solely responsible for red and far-red light perception, but this has never been definitively tested. to directly address this hypothesis, a phytochrome triple mutant (phyaphybphyc) was generated in rice (oryza sativa l. cv. nipponbare) and its responses to red and far-red light were monitored. since rice only has three phytochrome genes (phya, phyb and phyc), this mutant is completely lacking any phytochrome. rice seedlings grown in the dark develop long coleopti ... | 2009 | 19706555 |
| expression of a rice dreb1 gene, osdreb1d, enhances cold and high-salt tolerance in transgenic arabidopsis. | osdreb1d, a special dreb (dehydration responsive element binding protein) homologous gene, whose transcripts cannot be detected in rice (oryza sativa l), either with or without stress treatments, was amplified from the rice genome dna. the yeast one-hybrid assay revealed that osdreb1d was able to form a complex with the dehydration responsive element/c-repeat motif. it can also bind with a sequence of ltre (low temperature responsive element). to analyze the function of osdreb1d, the gene was tr ... | 2009 | 19712584 |
| expression of brd1, a plant defensin from brassica rapa, confers resistance against brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens) in transgenic rices. | plant defensins are small (5-10 kda) basic peptides thought to be an important component of the defense pathway against fungal and/or bacterial pathogens. to understand the role of plant defensins in protecting plants against the brown planthopper, a type of insect herbivore, we isolated the brassica rapa defensin 1 (brd1) gene and introduced it into rice (oryza sativa l.) to produce stable transgenic plants. the brd1 protein is homologous to other plant defensins and contains both an n-terminal ... | 2009 | 19714315 |
| biochemical insights on degradation of arabidopsis della proteins gained from a cell-free assay system. | the phytohormone gibberellic acid (ga) regulates diverse aspects of plant growth and development. ga responses are triggered by the degradation of della proteins, which function as repressors in ga signaling pathways. recent studies in arabidopsis thaliana and rice (oryza sativa) have implied that the degradation of della proteins occurred via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. here, we developed an arabidopsis cell-free system to recapitulate della protein degradation in vitro. using this cell-fr ... | 2009 | 19717618 |
| differences in expression of the rbcs multigene family and rubisco protein content in various rice plant tissues at different growth stages. | four out of five members of the rbcs multigene family (osrbcs2-osrbcs5) were highly expressed in leaf blades of rice (oryza sativa l.) irrespective of plant growth stage, whereas accumulation of all rbcs mrnas in leaf sheaths, roots and developing spikelets was quite low. a highly positive correlation was observed between total rbcs and rbcl mrna levels and rubisco content at their maxima, irrespective of tissue and growth stage. the results indicate that the total rbcs mrna level may be a prima ... | 2009 | 19720627 |
| correlation and quantitative trait loci analyses of total chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate of rice (oryza sativa) under water stress and well-watered conditions. | in order to explore the relevant molecular genetic mechanisms of photosynthetic rate (pr) and chlorophyll content (cc) in rice (oryza sativa l.), we conducted a series of related experiments using a population of recombinant inbred lines (zhenshan97b x irat109). we found a significant correlation between cc and pr (r= 0.19**) in well-watered conditions, but no significant correlation during water stress (r= 0.08). we detected 13 main quantitative trait loci (qtls) located on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, ... | 2009 | 19723247 |
| involvement of s-adenosylmethionine-dependent halide/thiol methyltransferase (htmt) in methyl halide emissions from agricultural plants: isolation and characterization of an htmt-coding gene from raphanus sativus (daikon radish). | biogenic emissions of methyl halides (ch3cl, ch3br and ch3i) are the major source of these compounds in the atmosphere; however, there are few reports about the halide profiles and strengths of these emissions. halide ion methyltransferase (hmt) and halide/thiol methyltransferase (htmt) enzymes concerning these emissions have been purified and characterized from several organisms including marine algae, fungi, and higher plants; however, the correlation between emission profiles of methyl halide ... | 2009 | 19723322 |
| spectral response of rice (oryza sativa l.) leaves to fe(2+) stress. | in the management of lake eutrophication, the regulation effect of fe is considered, in addition to the controlling nitrogen- and phosphorus input. based on the "fe hypothesis", this paper tentatively applied plant spectral response to the remote sensing early-warning mechanism of lake eutrophication. a laboratory water culture experiment with rice (oryza sativa l.) was conducted to study fe uptake by plants and the chlorophyll concentration and visible-near infrared spectrum of vegetable leaves ... | 2009 | 19727593 |
| riboflavin induces resistance in rice against rhizoctonia solani via jasmonate-mediated priming of phenylpropanoid pathway. | vitamins are plant growth regulators and activators of defense responses against pathogens. the cytomolecular mechanisms involved in the induction of resistance by chemicals especially vitamins on monocotyledonous plants are largely unknown. here, we show that riboflavin, which acts as a defense activator in rice against economically important sheath blight caused by rhizoctonia solani, primed the expression of lipoxygenase (lox) as a key gene in octadecanoid pathway, and enhanced lignification. ... | 2010 | 19729221 |
| plant availability and phytotoxicity of soil bound residues of herbicide zj0273, a novel acetolactate synthase potential inhibitor. | the plant availability and phytotoxicity of soil bound residues (br) of herbicide zj0273, a novel acetolactate synthase (als) potential inhibitor, to rice (oryza sativa l.) and corn (zea mays l.) was investigated in three different soils including a fluvio-marine yellow loamy soil (s(1)), a red clayey soil (s(2)), and a coastal saline soil (s(3)), using (14)c-labeling tracer and bioassay techniques. when soils were amended with br at 0.6, 1.2 and 1.8 nmol g(-1), dose-dependent and significant in ... | 2009 | 19732936 |
| molecular characterization of flavonoid malonyltransferase from oryza sativa. | in this study, a flavonoid malonyltransferase (osmat-2) was cloned from oryza sativa, and the recombinant protein osmat-2 was purified via affinity chromatography. osmat-2 utilized a variety of flavonoid glucosides, including flavanone glucosides, flavone glucosides, flavonol glucosides, and isoflavone glucosides as substrates, but did not utilize anthocyanin. as an acyl donor, osmat-2 utilized only malonyl-coa. based on reactions with various quercetin 3-o-sugars, we identified the probable pos ... | 2016 | 19733090 |
| a transporter at the node responsible for intervascular transfer of silicon in rice. | the concentration of essential mineral nutrients in the edible portion of plants such as grains may affect the nutritional value of these foods, while concentrations of toxic minerals in the plant are matter of food safety. minerals taken up by the roots from soils are normally redirected at plant nodes before they are finally transported into developing seeds. however, the molecular mechanisms involved in this process have not been identified so far. herein, we report on a transporter (lsi6) re ... | 0 | 19734433 |
| effect of planting date on lissorhoptrus oryzophilus (coleoptera: curculionidae) density-yield relationship on rice in southeastern texas. | results of planting date and insecticide efficacy experiments targeting lissorhoptrus oryzophilus kuschel (coleoptera: curculionidae) on rice, oryza sativa l., in southeastern texas between 2002 and 2007 were used to determine density-yield relationships as a function of planting date. soil core samples were collected on two dates during main crop development to estimate immature l. oryzophilus populations followed by main and ratoon crop harvests. analysis of covariance (ancova) revealed that p ... | 2009 | 19736766 |
| resistance mechanism in rice to the midge orseolia oryzae (diptera: cecidomyiidae). | the midge orseolia oryzae (wood-mason) (diptera: cecidomyiidae) is a major and endemic pest throughout asia. the pest is difficult to manage in view of a mixture of biotypes co-occurring in the same location and showing variable response to cultivated rice, oryza sativa l., varieties and differentials. to develop an understanding of the resistance mechanism(s), studies were initiated during wet 2005 and 2006 in coastal karnataka. antibiosis was the predominant resistance category. the maggots su ... | 2009 | 19736778 |
| hessian fly (diptera: cecidomyiidae) interactions with barley, rice, and wheat seedlings. | a choice test revealed that hessian fly, mayetiola destructor (say) (diptera: cecidomyiidae), adults deposited approximately 3 times more eggs on wheat (triticum spp.), seedlings than on barley (hordeum spp.) or rice, oryza sativa l., seedlings. on a barley seedling, 49.4% of eggs were deposited on either the abaxial leaf surface or the coleoptile and first leaf sheath (c&fls), where newly hatched larvae die due to their inability to migrate into the interspace between leaf sheaths. in compariso ... | 2009 | 19736782 |
| on automatic bioacoustic detection of pests: the cases of rhynchophorus ferrugineus and sitophilus oryzae. | the present work reports research efforts toward development and evaluation of a unified framework for automatic bioacoustic recognition of specific insect pests. our approach is based on capturing and automatically recognizing the acoustic emission resulting from typical behaviors, e.g., locomotion and feeding, of the target pests. after acquisition the signals are amplified, filtered, parameterized, and classified by advanced machine learning methods on a portable computer. specifically, we in ... | 2009 | 19736784 |
| the rice transcription factor idef1 is essential for the early response to iron deficiency, and induces vegetative expression of late embryogenesis abundant genes. | higher plants maintain iron homeostasis by regulating the expression of iron (fe)-related genes in accordance with fe availability. the transcription factor idef1 regulates the response to fe deficiency in oryza sativa (rice) by recognizing catgc sequences within the fe deficiency-responsive cis-acting element ide1. to investigate the function of idef1 in detail, we analyzed the response to fe deficiency in transgenic rice plants exhibiting induced or repressed idef1 expression. fe-deficiency tr ... | 2009 | 19737364 |
| phytochrome-mediated growth inhibition of seminal roots in rice seedlings. | in rice (oryza sativa) seedlings, continuous white-light irradiation inhibited the growth of seminal roots but promoted the growth of crown roots. in this study, we examined the mechanisms of photoinhibition of seminal root growth. photoinhibition occurred in the absence of nitrogen but increased with increasing nitrogen concentrations. in the presence of nitrogen, photoinhibition was correlated with coiling of the root tips. the seminal roots were most photosensitive 48-72 h after germination d ... | 2009 | 19744160 |
| evolution of agl6-like mads box genes in grasses (poaceae): ovule expression is ancient and palea expression is new. | agamous-like6 (agl6) genes encode mikc-type mads box transcription factors and are closely related to sepallata and ap1/ful-like genes. here, we focus on the molecular evolution and expression of the agl6-like genes in grasses. we have found that agl6-like genes are expressed in ovules, lodicules (second whorl floral organs), paleas (putative first whorl floral organs), and floral meristems. each of these expression domains was acquired at a different time in evolution, indicating that each repr ... | 2009 | 19749151 |
| structural characterization and expression analysis of the serk/serl gene family in rice (oryza sativa). | somatic embryogenesis (se) is the developmental restructuring of somatic cells towards the embryogenic pathway and forms the basis of cellular totipotency in angiosperms. with the availability of full-length cdna sequences from knowledge-based oryza molecular biological encylopedia (kome), we identified the leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase (lrr-rlk) genes from rice (oryza sativa), which also encompasses genes involved in regulating somatic embryogenesis. eight out of eleven of the rice s ... | 2009 | 19756234 |
| starch synthesis in arabidopsis is achieved by spatial cotranscription of core starch metabolism genes. | starch synthesis and degradation require the participation of many enzymes, occur in both photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic tissues, and are subject to environmental and developmental regulation. we examine the distribution of starch in vegetative tissues of arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) and the expression of genes encoding core enzymes for starch synthesis. starch is accumulated in plastids of epidermal, mesophyll, vascular, and root cap cells but not in root proper cells. we also ident ... | 2009 | 19759345 |
| identification and characterization of a novel waxy allele from a yunnan rice landrace. | low amylose content (ac) is a desirable trait for rice (oryza sativa l.) cooking quality and is selected in soft rice breeding. to gain a better understanding of the molecular mechanism controlling ac formation, we screened 83 yunnan rice landraces in china and identified a rice variety, haopi, with low ac. genetic analyses and transgenic experiments revealed that low ac in haopi was controlled by a novel allele of the wx locus, wx(hp), encoding a granule-bound starch synthase (gbssi). sequence ... | 2009 | 19760367 |
| expression of vacuolar h+-pyrophosphatase (ovp3) is under control of an anoxia-inducible promoter in rice. | vacuolar h(+)-pyrophosphatase (v-ppase) expression increases in a number of abiotic stresses and is thought to play a role in adaptation to abiotic stresses. this paper reports on the regulation of six v-ppase genes in rice (oryza sativa l.) coleoptiles under anoxia, using flood tolerant and intolerant cultivars to test our hypothesis. quantitative pcr analysis showed that one vacuolar h(+)-pyrophosphatase (ovp3) was induced by anoxia, particularly in flood-tolerant rice. regulation of ovp3 expr ... | 2010 | 19763843 |
| apoplastic barriers effectively block oxygen permeability across outer cell layers of rice roots under deoxygenated conditions: roles of apoplastic pores and of respiration. | *despite the importance of the barrier to oxygen losses of the roots of hygrophytes growing in wet environments devoid of oxygen, there are few data available on permeability coefficients for o(2) across outer root cell layers (p(opr)) and how they may change in response to low o(2). *a gas perfusion technique was used to measure the p(opr) of rice (oryza sativa) plants grown in either aerated or deoxygenated solution. the contributions of the apoplast and of living cells to the overall p(opr) w ... | 2009 | 19765231 |
| rice cellulose synthase-like d4 is essential for normal cell-wall biosynthesis and plant growth. | cellulose synthase-like (csl) proteins of glycosyltransferase family 2 (gt2) are believed to be involved in the biosynthesis of cell-wall polymers. the csl d sub-family (csld) is common to all plants, but the functions of cslds remain to be elucidated. we report here an in-depth characterization of a narrow leaf and dwarf1 (nd1) rice mutant that shows significant reduction in plant growth due to retarded cell division. map-based cloning revealed that nd1 encodes oscsld4, one of five members of t ... | 2009 | 19765235 |
| the rice alpha-amylase glycoprotein is targeted from the golgi apparatus through the secretory pathway to the plastids. | the well-characterized secretory glycoprotein, rice (oryza sativa) alpha-amylase isoform i-1 (amyi-1), was localized within the plastids and proved to be involved in the degradation of starch granules in the organelles of rice cells. in addition, a large portion of transiently expressed amyi-1 fused to green fluorescent protein (amyi-1-gfp) colocalized with a simultaneously expressed fluorescent plastid marker in onion (allium cepa) epidermal cells. the plastid targeting of amyi-1 was inhibited ... | 2009 | 19767453 |
| characterization of a pollen-preferential gene osiagp from rice (oryza sativa l. subspecies indica) coding for an arabinogalactan protein homologue, and analysis of its promoter activity during pollen development and pollen tube growth. | during differential screening of inflorescence-specific cdna libraries from oryza sativa indica, an arabinogalactan protein (osiagp) cdna (586 bp) expressing preferentially in the inflorescence has been isolated. it encodes an arabinogalactan protein of 59 amino acids (6.4 kda) with a transmembrane domain and a secretory domain at the n terminus. the protein shows homology with agp23 from arabidopsis, and its homologue in japonica rice is located on chromosome 6. osiagp transcripts also accumula ... | 2010 | 19771527 |
| characterization of wrky co-regulatory networks in rice and arabidopsis. | the wrky transcription factor gene family has a very ancient origin and has undergone extensive duplications in the plant kingdom. several studies have pointed out their involvement in a range of biological processes, revealing that a large number of wrky genes are transcriptionally regulated under conditions of biotic and/or abiotic stress. to investigate the existence of wrky co-regulatory networks in plants, a whole gene family wrkys expression study was carried out in rice (oryza sativa). th ... | 2009 | 19772648 |
| decolorization and detoxification of congo red and textile industry effluent by an isolated bacterium pseudomonas sp. su-ebt. | the 16s rrna sequence and biochemical characteristics revealed the isolated organism as pseudomonas sp. su-ebt. this strain showed 97 and 90% decolorization of a recalcitrant dye, congo red (100 mg l(-1)) and textile industry effluent with 50% reduction in cod within 12 and 60 h, respectively. the optimum ph and temperature for the decolorization was 8.0 and 40 degrees c, respectively. pseudomonas sp. su-ebt was found to tolerate the dye concentration up to 1.0 g l(-1). significant induction in ... | 2010 | 19774467 |
| altered architecture and enhanced drought tolerance in rice via the down-regulation of indole-3-acetic acid by tld1/osgh3.13 activation. | plant architecture is determined by genetic and developmental programs as well as by environmental factors. sessile plants have evolved a subtle adaptive mechanism that allows them to alter their growth and development during periods of stress. phytohormones play a central role in this process; however, the molecules responsible for integrating growth- and stress-related signals are unknown. here, we report a gain-of-function rice (oryza sativa) mutant, tld1-d, characterized by (and named for) a ... | 2009 | 19776160 |
| differential ozone sensitivity of rice cultivars as indicated by visible injury and grain yield. | surface ozone pollution may cause reductions in rice (oryza sativa l.) yield. ozone sensitivity in rice cultivars is often evaluated based on visible leaf injury at an early growth stage. however, it is not clear whether reduction in grain yield is related to visible injury. therefore, visible damage and grain yield reduction were examined in japanese and asian rice cultivars exposed to ozone. in experiment 1, 3-week-old rice seedlings were exposed to ozone (min.: 20 nl.l(-1), max.:120 nl.l(-1)) ... | 2009 | 19778370 |
| different responses of plant growth and antioxidant system to the combination of cadmium and heat stress in transgenic and non-transgenic rice. | a comparative study of just cadmium (cd) or heat and their combination treatments on some physiological parameters and the antioxidant systems in transgenic rice (oryza sativa l. cv. zhonghua no.11) carrying glutathione-s-transferase (gst, ec. 2.5.1.18) and catalase1 (cat1, ec. 1.11.1.6) and non-transgenics was conducted. the results revealed improved resistance in the transgenics to cd and the combined cd and heat stress than non-transgenics. data showed that the activities of cat, gst, superox ... | 2009 | 19778404 |
| in silico analysis of motifs in promoters of differentially expressed genes in rice (oryza sativa l.) under anoxia. | the aim of this study was to characterise the molecular mechanisms of transcriptional regulation of differentially expressed genes (degs) in rice coleoptiles under anoxia by identifying motifs that are common in the promoter region of co-regulated genes. un-changed degs (<2 fold and >-2), up-regulated degs (>or=2 fold) and down-regulated degs (<or=-2 fold) were separated in three different data sets. their gene promoters were extracted from eukaryotic promoter database. statistically significant ... | 2009 | 19778868 |
| optimization of ammonium acquisition and metabolism by potassium in rice (oryza sativa l. cv. ir-72). | abstract we present the first characterization of k(+) optimization of n uptake and metabolism in an nh(4)(+)-tolerant species, tropical lowland rice (cv. ir-72). (13)n radiotracing showed that increased k(+) supply reduces futile nh(4)(+) cycling at the plasma membrane, diminishing the excessive rates of both unidirectional influx and efflux. pharmacological testing showed that low-affinity nh(4)(+) influx may be mediated by both k(+) and non-selective cation channels. suppression of nh(4)(+) i ... | 2010 | 19781010 |
| excessive sulfur supply reduces cadmium accumulation in brown rice (oryza sativa l.). | human activities have resulted in cadmium (cd) and sulfur (s) accumulation in paddy soils in parts of southern china. a combined soil-sand pot experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of excessive s supply on iron plaque formation and cd accumulation in rice plants, using two cd levels (0, 1.5 mg kg(-1)) combined with three s concentrations (0, 60, 120 mg kg(-1)). the results showed that excessive s supply significantly decreased cd accumulation in brown rice due to the decrease of ... | 2010 | 19781829 |
| rice cytosine dna methyltransferases - gene expression profiling during reproductive development and abiotic stress. | dna methylation affects important developmental processes in both plants and animals. the process of methylation of cytosines at c-5 is catalysed by dna methyltransferases (mtases), which are highly conserved, both structurally and functionally, in eukaryotes. in this study, we identified and characterized cytosine dna mtase genes that are activated with the onset of reproductive development in rice. the rice genome (oryza sativa l. subsp. japonica) encodes a total of 10 genes that contain the h ... | 2009 | 19788421 |
| do genetic recombination and gene density shape the pattern of dna elimination in rice long terminal repeat retrotransposons? | in flowering plants, the accumulation of small deletions through unequal homologous recombination (ur) and illegitimate recombination (ir) is proposed to be the major process counteracting genome expansion, which is caused primarily by the periodic amplification of long terminal repeat retrotransposons (ltr-rts). however, the full suite of evolutionary forces that govern the gain or loss of transposable elements (tes) and their distribution within a genome remains unclear. here, we investigated ... | 2009 | 19789376 |
| selective modification of rice (oryza sativa) gene expression by rice stripe virus infection. | rice stripe disease, caused by rice stripe virus (rsv), is one of the major virus diseases in east asia. rice plants infected with rsv usually show symptoms such as chlorosis, weakness, necrosis in newly emerged leaves and stunting. to reveal rice cellular systems influenced by rsv infection, temporal changes in the transcriptome of rsv-infected plants were monitored by a customized rice oligoarray system. the transcriptome changes in rsv-infected plants indicated that protein-synthesis machiner ... | 2010 | 19793907 |
| identification of novel stress-regulated micrornas from oryza sativa l. | micrornas (mirnas) are a type of small non-coding rna found in eukaryotes. they play a key role in gene expression by down-regulating gene expression and are involved in the environment stress response in plants. although a large number of mirnas have been identified from arabidopsis, few studies have focused on oryza sativa mirnas, especially on stress-related mirnas. five cdna libraries of small rnas from rice seedlings treated with cold, dehydration, salinity, and abscisic acid (aba), as well ... | 2010 | 19796675 |
| proteome analysis of probenazole-effect in rice-bacterial blight interactions. | to study the effect of probenazole on the induced systemic resistance mechanism of rice-bacterial interaction, a proteomic approach was applied. oryza sativa cv. java 14 seedlings were treated with probenazole, followed by inoculation with compatible (xo7435) and incompatible (t7174) races of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. cytosolic proteins were fractionated from leaf blades, separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. pathogenesis-related protein 5 (pr5) was significantly ... | 2009 | 19799551 |
| genetic analysis and gene mapping of a new rolled-leaf mutant in rice (oryza sativa l.). | to understand the development of rice leaf blades, we identified a new rolled-leaf mutant, w32, from indica cultivar ir64 through ems mutagenesis. the mutant showed a stable rolled-leaf phenotype throughout the life cycle. two f2 populations were developed by crossing w32 to cultivar ir24 and pa64. genetic analysis showed that the rolled-leaf phenotype was controlled by a single recessive gene. to determine the location of the gene, bulked segregant analysis was carried out using mutant and wild ... | 2009 | 19802748 |
| [dynamic changes of rice (oryza sativa l.) tiller angle under effects of photoperiod and effective accumulated temperature]. | using rice variety di508 as test material, a field experiment of different seeding dates and a test with plant growth chamber were conducted to study the dynamic changes of rice tiller angle under effects of different photoperiod and effective accumulated temperature. under field condition, the tiller angle of di508 plants changed gradually into erect after 10-15 days of photoperiod becoming shorter (since the summer solstice on 21st june), irrespective of seeding dates (4th april, 5th may, and ... | 2009 | 19803166 |
| evidence for the emergence of new rice types of interspecific hybrid origin in west african farmers' fields. | in west africa two rice species (oryza glaberrima steud. and oryza sativa l.) co-exist. although originally it was thought that interspecific hybridization is impossible without biotechnological methods, progenies of hybridization appear to occur in farmer fields. aflp analysis was used to assess genetic diversity in west africa (including the countries the gambia, senegal, guinea bissau, guinea conakry, sierra leone, ghana and togo) using 315 rice samples morphologically classified prior to ana ... | 2009 | 19806197 |
| inactivation of the ctd phosphatase-like gene oscpl1 enhances the development of the abscission layer and seed shattering in rice. | although susceptibility to seed shattering causes severe yield loss during cereal crop harvest, it is an adaptive trait for seed dispersal in wild plants. we previously identified a recessive shattering locus, sh-h, from the rice shattering mutant line hsh that carries an enhanced abscission layer. here, we further mapped sh-h to a 34-kb region on chromosome 7 by analyzing 240 f(2) plants and five f(3) lines from the cross between hsh and blue&gundil. hsh had a point mutation at the 3' splice si ... | 2010 | 19807881 |
| pmrd: plant microrna database. | micrornas (mirna) are approximately 21 nucleotide-long non-coding small rnas, which function as post-transcriptional regulators in eukaryotes. mirnas play essential roles in regulating plant growth and development. in recent years, research into the mechanism and consequences of mirna action has made great progress. with whole genome sequence available in such plants as arabidopsis thaliana, oryza sativa, populus trichocarpa, glycine max, etc., it is desirable to develop a plant mirna database t ... | 2010 | 19808935 |
| agb1 and pmr5 contribute to pen2-mediated preinvasion resistance to magnaporthe oryzae in arabidopsis thaliana. | rice blast, caused by magnaporthe oryzae, is a devastating disease of rice (oryza sativa). the mechanisms involved in resistance of rice to blast have been studied extensively and the rice-m. oryzae pathosystem has become a model for plant-microbe interaction studies. however, the mechanisms involved in nonhost resistance (nhr) of other plants to rice blast are still poorly understood. here, we investigated interactions between arabidopsis thaliana and m. oryzae to identify the genetic basis of ... | 2009 | 19810803 |
| replication protein a (rpa1a) is required for meiotic and somatic dna repair but is dispensable for dna replication and homologous recombination in rice. | replication protein a (rpa), a highly conserved single-stranded dna-binding protein in eukaryotes, is a stable complex comprising three subunits termed rpa1, rpa2, and rpa3. rpa is required for multiple processes in dna metabolism such as replication, repair, and homologous recombination in yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) and human. most eukaryotic organisms, including fungi, insects, and vertebrates, have only a single rpa gene that encodes each rpa subunit. arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) ... | 2009 | 19812186 |
| the polyembryo gene (ospe) in rice. | t-dna insertional mutagenesis is one of the most important approaches for gene discovery and cloning. a fertile polyembryo mutant generated by t-dna/ds insertion in oryza sativa, cv. basmati 370 showed twin or triple seedlings at a frequency of 15-20%. t-dna insertion was confirmed by 950 bp hpt gene amplification in the promoter region of the candidate gene. the annotated protein corresponding to the ospe candidate gene has been reported as a hypothetical protein in o. sativa. ospe gene lacked ... | 2010 | 19816724 |
| a new genetic factor for root gravitropism in rice (oryza sativa l.). | root gravitropism is one of the important factors to determine root architecture. to understand the mechanism underlying root gravitropism, we isolated a rice (xiushui63) mutant defective in root gravitropism, designated as gls1. vertical sections of root caps revealed that gls1 mutant displayed normal distribution of amyloplast in the columella cells compared with the wild type. the gls1 mutant was less sensitive to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) and alpha-naphthaleneacetic acid (naa) t ... | 2009 | 19817003 |
| physiological and molecular changes in oryza meridionalis ng., a heat-tolerant species of wild rice. | oryza meridionalis ng. is a wild relative of oryza sativa l. found throughout northern australia where temperatures regularly exceed 35 degrees c in the monsoon growing season. heat tolerance in o. meridionalis was established by comparing leaf elongation and photosynthetic rates at 45 degrees c with plants maintained at 27 degrees c. by comparison with o. sativa ssp. japonica cv. amaroo, o. meridionalis was heat tolerant. elongation rates of the third leaf of o. meridionalis declined by 47% ove ... | 2010 | 19819927 |
| mosaic floral organs1, an agl6-like mads box gene, regulates floral organ identity and meristem fate in rice. | floral organ identity and meristem determinacy in plants are controlled by combinations of activities mediated by mads box genes. agamous-like6 (agl6)-like genes are mads box genes expressed in floral tissues, but their biological functions are mostly unknown. here, we describe an agl6-like gene in rice (oryza sativa), mosaic floral organs1 (mfo1/mads6), that regulates floral organ identity and floral meristem determinacy. in the flower of mfo1 mutants, the identities of palea and lodicule are d ... | 2009 | 19820190 |
| adaptive evolution of chloroplast genomes in ancestral grasses. | the grass family, poaceae, is one of the most successful families among angiosperms. although it has long been suggested that the chloroplast genomes of the poaceae have undergone an elevated evolutionary rate compared to other angiosperms, little was known about the details of this phenomenon. by using chloroplast genome data from 31 seed plants species, we recently showed that episodic rate acceleration occurred in the common ancestral branch of the core poaceae (a clade formed by rice oryza s ... | 2009 | 19820316 |
| analysis of cmp-sialic acid transporter-like proteins in plants. | it is commonly accepted that sialic acids do not exist in plants. however, putative gene homologs of animal sialyltransferases and cmp-sialic acid transporters have been detected in the genomes of some plants. to elucidate the physiological functions of these genes, we cloned 2 cdnas from oryza sativa (japanese rice), each of which encodes a cmp-sialic acid transporter-like protein designated as oscstlp1 and oscstlp2. to examine the cmp-sialic acid transporter activity of oscstlp1 and oscstlp2, ... | 2009 | 19822337 |
| searching for new clues about the molecular cause of endomyocardial fibrosis by way of in silico proteomics and analytical chemistry. | endomyocardial fibrosis (emf) -is a chronic inflammatory disease of the heart with related pathology to that of late stage chaga's disease. indeed, both diseases are thought to result from auto-immune responses against myocardial tissue. as is the case that molecular mimicry between the acidic termini of trypanosoma cruzi ribosomal p0, p1 and p2beta (or simply tcp0, tcp1, and tcp2beta) proteins and myocardial tissue causes chaga's disease, excessive exposure to certain infections, toxins includi ... | 2009 | 19823676 |
| a comparative cytogenetic study of the rice (oryza sativa l.) autotetraploid restorers and hybrids. | we studied pollen fertility, seed set and cytogenetic characteristics of restorer lines and f1 hybrids of autotetraploid rice. t4002, t4063, t461a x t4002 and t461a x t4063 showed significantly higher pollen fertility and seed set than t4132 and t461a x t4132. meiotic pairing configurations of t4002, t4063, t4132, t461a x t4002, t461a x t4063 and t461a x t4132 were 0.051 + 19.96ii (9.89 rod + 10.07 ring) + 0.01iii + + 2.00iv, 0.11i + 19.17ii (8.90 rod + 10.37 ring) + 0.09iii + 2.26iv + 0.01vi, 1 ... | 2009 | 19824543 |
| spl28 encodes a clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 1, medium subunit micro 1 (ap1m1) and is responsible for spotted leaf and early senescence in rice (oryza sativa). | to expand our understanding of cell death in plant defense responses, we isolated a novel rice (oryza sativa) spotted leaf mutant (spl28) that displays a lesion mimic phenotype in the absence of pathogen attack through treatment of hwacheongbyeo (an elite korean japonica cultivar) with n-methyl-n-nitrosourea (mnu). early stage development of the spl28 mutant was normal. however, after flowering, spl28 mutants exhibited a significant decrease in chlorophyll content, soluble protein content, and p ... | 2010 | 19825016 |
| transcriptome-based examination of putative pollen allergens of rice (oryza sativa ssp. japonica). | pollen allergens are among the most abundantly transcribed and translated products in the life history of plants, and particularly grasses. to identify different pollen allergens in rice, putative allergens were identified in the rice genome and their expression characterized using the affymetrix 57k rice genechip microarray. among the most abundant pollen-specific candidate transcripts were ory s 1 beta-expansin, ory s 2, ory s 7 ef hand, ory s 11, ory s 12 profilin a, ory s 23, glycosyl hydrol ... | 2008 | 19825578 |
| diverged copies of the seed regulatory opaque-2 gene by a segmental duplication in the progenitor genome of rice, sorghum, and maize. | comparative analyses of the sequence of entire genomes have shown that gene duplications, chromosomal segmental duplications, or even whole genome duplications (wgd) have played prominent roles in the evolution of many eukaryotic species. here, we used the ancient duplication of a well known transcription factor in maize, encoded by the opaque-2 (o2) locus, to examine the general features of divergences of chromosomal segmental duplications in a lineage-specific manner. we took advantage of cont ... | 2008 | 19825579 |
| the subtelomere of oryza sativa chromosome 3 short arm as a hot bed of new gene origination in rice. | despite general observations of non-random genomic distribution of new genes, it is unclear whether or not new genes preferentially occur in certain genomic regions driven by related molecular mechanisms. using 1.5 mb of genomic sequences from short arms of chromosome 3 of oryza glaberrima and o. punctata, we conducted a comparative genomic analysis with the reference o. sativa ssp. japonica genome. we identified a 60-kb segment located in the middle of the subtelomeric region of chromosome 3, w ... | 2008 | 19825586 |
| construction of a rice glycosyltransferase phylogenomic database and identification of rice-diverged glycosyltransferases. | glycosyltransferases (gts; ec 2.4.x.y) constitute a large group of enzymes that form glycosidic bonds through transfer of sugars from activated donor molecules to acceptor molecules. gts are critical to the biosynthesis of plant cell walls, among other diverse functions. based on the carbohydrate-active enzymes (cazy) database and sequence similarity searches, we have identified 609 potential gt genes (loci) corresponding to 769 transcripts (gene models) in rice (oryza sativa), the reference mon ... | 2008 | 19825588 |
| comparative genomic study of the thioredoxin family in photosynthetic organisms with emphasis on populus trichocarpa. | the recent genome sequencing of populus trichocarpa and vitis vinifera, two models of woody plants, of sorghum bicolor, a model of monocot using c4 metabolism, and of the moss physcomitrella patens, together with the availability of photosynthetic organism genomes allows performance of a comparative genomic study with organisms having different ways of life, reproduction modes, biological traits, and physiologies. thioredoxins (trxs) are small ubiquitous proteins involved in the reduction of dis ... | 2009 | 19825616 |
| expression of pin genes in rice (oryza sativa l.): tissue specificity and regulation by hormones. | twelve genes of the pin family in rice were analyzed for gene and protein structures and an evolutionary relationship with reported atpins in arabidopsis. four members of pin1 (designated as ospin1a-d), one gene paired with atpin2 (ospin2), three members of pin5 (ospin5a-c), one gene paired with atpin8 (ospin8), and three monocot-specific pins (ospin9, ospin10a, and b) were identified from the phylogenetic analysis. tissue-specific expression patterns of nine pin genes among them were investigat ... | 2009 | 19825657 |
| cyp76m7 is an ent-cassadiene c11alpha-hydroxylase defining a second multifunctional diterpenoid biosynthetic gene cluster in rice. | biosynthetic gene clusters are common in microbial organisms, but rare in plants, raising questions regarding the evolutionary forces that drive their assembly in multicellular eukaryotes. here, we characterize the biochemical function of a rice (oryza sativa) cytochrome p450 monooxygenase, cyp76m7, which seems to act in the production of antifungal phytocassanes and defines a second diterpenoid biosynthetic gene cluster in rice. this cluster is uniquely multifunctional, containing enzymatic gen ... | 2009 | 19825834 |
| indel-associated mutation rate varies with mating system in flowering plants. | a recently proposed mutational mechanism, indel-associated mutation (idam), posits that heterozygous insertions/deletions (indels) increase the point mutation rate at nearby nucleotides due to errors during meiosis. this mechanism could have especially dynamic consequences for the evolution of plant genomes, because the high degree of variation in the rate of self-fertilization among plant species causes differences in the heterozygosity of alleles, including indel alleles, segregating in plant ... | 2010 | 19825943 |
| multiple gene loci affecting genetic background-controlled disease resistance conferred by r gene xa3/xa26 in rice. | the function of bacterial-blight resistance gene xa3/xa26 in rice is influenced by genetic background; the oryza sativa l. ssp. japonica background can increase xa3/xa26 expression, resulting in an enhanced resistance. to identify whether xa3/xa26 transcript level is the only factor contributing to genetic background-controlled resistance, we screened an f(2) population that was developed from a cross between oryza sativa l. ssp. indica and japonica rice lines and was segregating for xa3/xa26, a ... | 2009 | 19826775 |
| analysis of peroxidase activity of rice (oryza sativa) recombinant hemoglobin 1: implications for in vivo function of hexacoordinate non-symbiotic hemoglobins in plants. | in plants, it has been proposed that hexacoordinate (class 1) non-symbiotic hbs (nshb-1) function in vivo as peroxidases. however, little is known about peroxidase activity of nshb-1. we evaluated the peroxidase activity of rice recombinant hb1 (a nshb-1) by using the guaiacol/h2o2 system at ph 6.0 and compared it to that from horseradish peroxidase (hrp). results showed that the affinity of rice hb1 for h2o2 was 86-times lower than that of hrp (k(m)=23.3 and 0.27 mm, respectively) and that the ... | 2010 | 19833360 |
| fon2 spare1 redundantly regulates floral meristem maintenance with floral organ number2 in rice. | clavata signaling restricts stem cell identity in the shoot apical meristem (sam) in arabidopsis thaliana. in rice (oryza sativa), floral organ number2 (fon2), closely related to clv3, is involved as a signaling molecule in a similar pathway to negatively regulate stem cell proliferation in the floral meristem (fm). here we show that the fon2 spare1 (fos1) gene encoding a cle protein functions along with fon2 in maintenance of the fm. in addition, fos1 appears to be involved in maintenance of th ... | 2009 | 19834537 |
| functional analyses of lonely guy cytokinin-activating enzymes reveal the importance of the direct activation pathway in arabidopsis. | cytokinins play crucial roles in diverse aspects of plant growth and development. spatiotemporal distribution of bioactive cytokinins is finely regulated by metabolic enzymes. lonely guy (log) was previously identified as a cytokinin-activating enzyme that works in the direct activation pathway in rice (oryza sativa) shoot meristems. in this work, nine arabidopsis thaliana log genes (at log1 to log9) were predicted as homologs of rice log. seven at logs, which are localized in the cytosol and nu ... | 2009 | 19837870 |
| molecular characterization of ospap2: transgenic expression of a purple acid phosphatase up-regulated in phosphate-deprived rice suspension cells. | a phosphate starvation-induced, purple, acid phosphatase cdna was cloned from rice, oryza sativa. the cdna encoding the phosphatase (ospap2) has 1,893 bp with an open reading frame of 630 amino acid residues. the deduced amino acid sequence of ospap2 shows identities of 60-63% with other plant purple acid phosphatases and appears to have five conserved motifs containing the residues involved in metal binding. ospap2 expression is up-regulated in the rice plant and in cell cultures in the absence ... | 2010 | 19838636 |
| seed storage protein gene promoters contain conserved dna motifs in brassicaceae, fabaceae and poaceae. | accurate computational identification of cis-regulatory motifs is difficult, particularly in eukaryotic promoters, which typically contain multiple short and degenerate dna sequences bound by several interacting factors. enrichment in combinations of rare motifs in the promoter sequence of functionally or evolutionarily related genes among several species is an indicator of conserved transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. this provides a basis for the computational identification of cis-regulato ... | 2009 | 19843335 |
| a universal core genetic map for rice. | to facilitate the creation of easily comparable, low-resolution genetic maps with evenly distributed markers in rice (oryza sativa l.), we conceived of and developed a universal core genetic map (ucgm). with this aim, we derived a set of 165 anchors, representing clusters of three microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers arranged into non-recombining groups. each anchor consists of at least three, closely linked ssrs, located within a distance below the genetic resolution provided ... | 2010 | 19847389 |
| osbadh1 is possibly involved in acetaldehyde oxidation in rice plant peroxisomes. | although rice (oryza sativa l.) produces little glycine betaine (gb), it has two betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (badh; ec 1.2.1.8) gene homologs (osbadh1 and osbadh2). we found that osbadh1 catalyzes the oxidation of acetaldehyde efficiently, while the activity of osbadh2 is extremely low. the accumulation of osbadh1 mrna decreases following submergence treatment, but quickly recovers after re-aeration. we confirmed that osbadh1 localizes in peroxisomes. in this paper, a possible physiological f ... | 2009 | 19850038 |
| structure and expression of osubp6, an ubiquitin-specific protease 6 homolog in rice (oryza sativa l.). | although the possible cellular roles of several ubiquitin-specific proteases (ubps) were identified in arabidopsis, almost nothing is known about ubp homologs in rice, a monocot model plant. in this report, we searched the rice genome database ( http://signal.salk.edu/cgi-bin/ricege ) and identified 21 putative ubp family members (osubps) in the rice genome. these osubp genes each contain a ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase (uch) domain with highly conserved cys and his boxes and were subdiv ... | 2009 | 19855938 |
| diversity of the ty-1 copia retrotransposon tos17 in rice (oryza sativa l.) and the aa genome of the oryza genus. | retrotransposons are mobile genetic elements, ubiquitous in eukaryotic genomes, which have proven to be major genetic tools in determining phylogeny and structuring genetic diversity, notably in plants. we investigate here the diversity of the ty1-copia retrotransposon tos17 in the cultivated rice of asian origin (oryza sativa l.) and related aa genome species of the oryza genus, to contribute understanding of the complex evolutionary history in this group of species through that of the element ... | 2009 | 19856189 |
| physiological and proteomic approaches to address heat tolerance during anthesis in rice (oryza sativa l.). | episodes of high temperature at anthesis, which in rice is the most sensitive stage to temperature, are expected to occur more frequently in future climates. the morphology of the reproductive organs and pollen number, and changes in anther protein expression, were studied in response to high temperature at anthesis in three rice (oryza sativa l.) genotypes. plants were exposed to 6 h of high (38 degrees c) and control (29 degrees c) temperature at anthesis and spikelets collected for morphologi ... | 2010 | 19858118 |
| transcript-based cloning of rrp46, a regulator of rrna processing and r gene-independent cell death in barley-powdery mildew interactions. | programmed cell death (pcd) plays a pivotal role in plant development and defense. to investigate the interaction between pcd and r gene-mediated defense, we used the 22k barley1 genechip to compare and contrast time-course expression profiles of blumeria graminis f. sp hordei (bgh) challenged barley (hordeum vulgare) cultivar c.i. 16151 (harboring the mla6 powdery mildew resistance allele) and its fast neutron-derived bgh-induced tip cell death1 mutant, bcd1. mixed linear model analysis identif ... | 2009 | 19861556 |
| isolation and phylogenetic footprinting analysis of the 5'-regulatory region of the floral homeotic gene orcpi from orchis italica (orchidaceae). | the nucleotide sequences of regulatory elements from homologous genes can be strongly divergent. phylogenetic footprinting, a comparative analysis of noncoding regions, can detect putative transcription factor binding sites (tfbss) shared among the regulatory regions of 2 or more homologous genes. these conserved motifs have the potential to serve the same regulatory function in distantly related taxa. we isolated the 5'-noncoding region of the orcpi gene, a mads-box transcription factor involve ... | 2009 | 19861638 |
| structure of the n-terminal regulatory domain of a plant nadph oxidase and its functional implications. | plant nadph oxidases (rboh, for respiratory burst oxidase homolog) produce reactive oxygen species that are key regulators of various cellular events including plant innate immunity. rbohs possess a highly conserved cytoplasmic n-terminal region containing two ef-hand motifs that regulate rboh activity. rice (oryza sativa) rbohb (osrbohb) is regulated by the direct binding of a small gtpase (rac1) to this regulatory region as well as by ca(2+) binding to the ef-hands. here, we present the atomic ... | 2010 | 19864426 |
| malate exudation by six aerobic rice genotypes varying in zinc uptake efficiency. | zinc (zn) uptake by plant roots from soils low in plant-available zn may be increased by zn-mobilizing rhizosphere processes, including exudation of low-molecular-weight organic anions. a rhizotron experiment with a low zn clay soil and a nutrient solution experiment were conducted to test if this occurs in six rice (oryza sativa l.) genotypes varying in tolerance to low zn supply. in both experiments, low zn supply resulted in a marked decrease in biomass production of most genotypes compared w ... | 2017 | 19875787 |
| grain unloading of arsenic species in rice. | rice (oryza sativa) is the staple food for over half the world's population yet may represent a significant dietary source of inorganic arsenic (as), a nonthreshold, class 1 human carcinogen. rice grain as is dominated by the inorganic species, and the organic species dimethylarsinic acid (dma). to investigate how as species are unloaded into grain rice, panicles were excised during grain filling and hydroponically pulsed with arsenite, arsenate, glutathione-complexed as, or dma. total as concen ... | 2010 | 19880610 |
| a zinc finger transcription factor art1 regulates multiple genes implicated in aluminum tolerance in rice. | aluminum (al) toxicity is the major limiting factor of crop production on acid soils, but some plant species have evolved ways of detoxifying al. here, we report a c2h2-type zinc finger transcription factor art1 (for al resistance transcription factor 1), which specifically regulates the expression of genes related to al tolerance in rice (oryza sativa). art1 is constitutively expressed in the root, and the expression level is not affected by al treatment. art1 is localized in the nucleus of all ... | 2009 | 19880795 |
| nucleotide diversity and molecular evolution of the psy1 gene in zea mays compared to some other grass species. | phytoene synthase (psy), which is encoded by the phytoene synthase 1 (psy1) gene, is the first rate-limiting enzyme in the plant carotenoid biosynthetic pathway. in order to examine the genetic diversity and evolution pattern of psy1 within the andropogoneae, sequences of 76 accessions from 5 species (maize, teosinte, tripsacum, coix, and sorghum) of the andropogoneae were tested, along with 4 accessions of rice (oryza sativa l.) included as outliers. both the number and the order of exons and i ... | 2010 | 19885651 |
| impacts of seeding rate on interactions between rice and rice water weevils. | the rice water weevil, lissorhoptrus oryzophilus kuschel, is the most widely distributed and destructive early season insect pest of rice, oryza sativa l., in the united states. economic losses result primarily from feeding by the larval stage of this insect on the roots of flooded rice plants. prior studies suggest that infestations of rice water weevil larvae are more severe at low plant densities. moreover, because feeding by the rice water weevil reduces rice plant tillering, a process parti ... | 2009 | 19886448 |
| duplication of the class i cytosolic small heat shock protein gene and potential functional divergence revealed by sequence variations flanking the {alpha}-crystallin domain in the genus rhododendron (ericaceae). | positive selection in the -crystallin domain (acd) of the chloroplast small heat shock protein (cpshsp) gene was found in a previous study and was suggested to be related to the ecological adaptation of rhododendron species in the subgenus hymenanthes. consequently, it was of interest to examine whether gene duplication and subsequent divergence have occurred in other shsp genes, for example class i cytosolic shsp genes (ct1shsps) in rhododendron in taiwan, where many endemic species have evolve ... | 2010 | 19887471 |
| ra68 is required for postmeiotic pollen development in oryza sativa. | postmeiotic development is a unique characteristic of flowering plants. during the development, microspores undergo two cycles of mitosis (pmi and pmii) and a subsequent maturation process to finally produce the mature pollen, but the mechanism underlying the development is still largely unknown. here, we report on the roles of a novel gene, ra68, in postmeiotic pollen development in oryza sativa. ra68 was expressed preferentially in shoots and flowers. in flowers, the transcript persisted from ... | 2010 | 19888555 |
| overexpression of rice (oryza sativa l.) oscdr1 leads to constitutive activation of defense responses in rice and arabidopsis. | plant aspartic proteases (ap) play key roles in the regulation of biological processes, such as the recognition of pathogens and pests and the induction of effective defense responses. a large number of ap (>400) have been identified in silico in the rice genome. none have previously been isolated and functionally characterized for their involvement in disease resistance. we describe here the isolation and characterization of a gene (oscdr1) from rice which encodes a predicted aspartate protease ... | 2009 | 19888828 |
| differential sodium and potassium transport selectivities of the rice oshkt2;1 and oshkt2;2 transporters in plant cells. | na(+) and k(+) homeostasis are crucial for plant growth and development. two hkt transporter/channel classes have been characterized that mediate either na(+) transport or na(+) and k(+) transport when expressed in xenopus laevis oocytes and yeast. however, the na(+)/k(+) selectivities of the k(+)-permeable hkt transporters have not yet been studied in plant cells. one study expressing 5' untranslated region-modified hkt constructs in yeast has questioned the relevance of cation selectivities fo ... | 2010 | 19889878 |
| role of hydroperoxide lyase in white-backed planthopper (sogatella furcifera horváth)-induced resistance to bacterial blight in rice, oryza sativa l. | a pre-infestation of the white-backed planthopper (wbph), sogatella furcifera horváth, conferred resistance to bacterial blight caused by xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (xoo) in rice (oryza sativa l.) under both laboratory and field conditions. the infestation of another planthopper species, the brown planthopper (bph) nilaparvata lugens stål, did not significantly reduce the incidence of bacterial blight symptoms. a large-scale screening using a rice dna microarray and quantitative rt-pcr reveal ... | 2010 | 19891707 |
| characterization of the arabidopsis thaliana exocyst complex gene families by phylogenetic, expression profiling, and subcellular localization studies. | *the exocyst is a complex of eight proteins (sec3p, sec5p, sec6p, sec8p, sec10p, sec15p, exo70p and exo84p) involved in tethering vesicles to the plasma membrane during regulated or polarized secretion. here, the plant exocyst complex was explored in phylogenetic, expression, and subcellular localization studies. *evolutionary relationships of predicted exocyst subunits were examined in the complete genomes of arabidopsis thaliana, oryza sativa, populus trichocarpa and physcomitrella patens. fur ... | 2010 | 19895414 |
| nanosims analysis of arsenic and selenium in cereal grain. | *cereals are an important source of selenium (se) to humans and many people have inadequate intakes of this essential trace element. conversely, arsenic (as) is toxic and may accumulate in rice grain at levels that pose a health risk. knowledge of the localization of selenium and arsenic within the cereal grain will aid understanding of their deposition patterns and the impact of processes such as milling. *high-resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanosims) was used to determine the loca ... | 0 | 19895416 |
| the arabidopsis tandem zinc finger protein attzf1 traffics between the nucleus and cytoplasmic foci and binds both dna and rna. | processing bodies (pbs) are specialized cytoplasmic foci where mrna turnover and translational repression can take place. stress granules are related cytoplasmic foci. the ccch tandem zinc finger proteins (tzfs) play pivotal roles in gene expression, cell fate specification, and various developmental processes. human tzf binds au-rich elements at the 3' untranslated region and recruits decapping, deadenylation, and exonucleolytic enzymes to pbs for rna turnover. recent genetic studies indicate t ... | 2010 | 19897605 |
| the classification and nomenclature of endogenous viruses of the family caulimoviridae. | endogenous members of the family caulimoviridae have now been found in the genomes of many plant species. although these sequences are usually fragmented and rearranged and show varying degrees of decay, the genomes of the ancestral viruses can often be reassembled in silico, allowing classification within the existing viral taxonomic framework. in this paper, we describe analyses of endogenous members of the family caulimoviridae in the genomes of oryza sativa, nicotiana tabacum and solanum spp ... | 2010 | 19898772 |
| substrate selectivity of glycerol-3-phosphate acyl transferase in rice. | substrate selectivity of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (ec 2. 3. 1. 15) of rice (oryza sativa l.) was explored in a comparative study of acyltransferases from seven plant species. in vitro labeling of acyl carrier protein (acp) with (14)c or (3)h showed that acyltransferase from chill-sensitive plants, such as rice that uses either oleic (18:1) or palmitic acid (16:0) as acyl donor at comparable rates, displays lower selectivity than the enzyme from chill-resistant plants, such as spinach ... | 2009 | 19903225 |
| rice microrna effector complexes and targets. | micrornas (mirnas) are small silencing rnas with regulatory roles in gene expression. mirnas interact with argonaute (ago) proteins to form effector complexes that cleave target mrnas or repress translation. rice (oryza sativa) encodes four ago1 homologs (ago1a, ago1b, ago1c, and ago1d). we used rna interference (rnai) to knock down the four ago1s. the rnai lines displayed pleiotropic developmental phenotypes and had increased accumulation of mirna targets. ago1a, ago1b, and ago1c complexes were ... | 2009 | 19903869 |
| rice osacdr1 (oryza sativa accelerated cell death and resistance 1) is a potential positive regulator of fungal disease resistance. | rice oryza sativa accelerated cell death and resistance 1 (osacdr1) encodes a putative raf-like mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (mapkkk). we had previously reported upregulation of the osacdr1 transcript by a range of environmental stimuli involved in eliciting defense-related pathways. here we apply biochemical, gain and loss-of-function approaches to characterize osacdr1 function in rice. the osacdr1 protein showed autophosphorylation and possessed kinase activity. rice plants o ... | 2009 | 19904499 |
| isolation, identification and characterization of soil microbes which degrade phenolic allelochemicals. | to isolate and characterize microbes in the soils containing high contents of phenolics and to dissolve the allelopathic inhibition of plants through microbial degradation. | 2010 | 19912433 |
| osku70 is associated with developmental growth and genome stability in rice. | the cellular functions of ku70 in repair of dna double-stranded breaks and telomere regulation have been described in a wide range of organisms. in this study, we identified the rice (oryza sativa) ku70 homolog (osku70) from the rice genome database. osku70 transcript was detected constitutively in every tissue and developmental stage examined and also in undifferentiated callus cells in rice. yeast two-hybrid and in vitro pull-down experiments revealed that osku70 physically interacts with osku ... | 2010 | 19923234 |