Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| a novel homeobox-like gene associated with reaction to stripe rust and powdery mildew in common wheat. | stripe rust and powdery mildew, caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, respectively, are severe diseases in wheat (triticum aestivum) worldwide. in our study, differential amplification of a 201-bp cdna fragment was obtained in a cdna-amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis between near-isogenic lines yr10nil and avocet s, inoculated with p. striiformis f. sp. tritici race cyr29. a full-length cdna (1,357 bp) of a homeobox-like gene, ta ... | 2008 | 19000003 |
| genetic and molecular characterization of the vrn2 loci in tetraploid wheat. | winter wheat (triticum spp.) varieties require long exposures to low temperatures to flower, a process called vernalization. the vrn2 locus includes two completely linked zinc finger-cct domain genes (zcct1 and zcct2) that act as flowering repressors down-regulated during vernalization. deletions or mutations in these two genes result in the elimination of the vernalization requirement in diploid wheat (triticum monococcum). however, natural allelic variation in these genes has not been describe ... | 2009 | 19005084 |
| a second mechanism for aluminum resistance in wheat relies on the constitutive efflux of citrate from roots. | the first confirmed mechanism for aluminum (al) resistance in plants is encoded by the wheat (triticum aestivum) gene, taalmt1, on chromosome 4dl. taalmt1 controls the al-activated efflux of malate from roots, and this mechanism is widespread among al-resistant genotypes of diverse genetic origins. this study describes a second mechanism for al resistance in wheat that relies on citrate efflux. citrate efflux occurred constitutively from the roots of brazilian cultivars carazinho, maringa, torop ... | 2009 | 19005085 |
| blufensin1 negatively impacts basal defense in response to barley powdery mildew. | plants have evolved complex regulatory mechanisms to control the defense response against microbial attack. both temporal and spatial gene expression are tightly regulated in response to pathogen ingress, modulating both positive and negative control of defense. blufensin1 (bln1), a small peptide belonging to a novel family of proteins in barley (hordeum vulgare), is highly induced by attack from the obligate biotrophic fungus blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (bgh), casual agent of powdery mildew ... | 2009 | 19005086 |
| a cotton (gossypium hirsutum) dre-binding transcription factor gene, ghdreb, confers enhanced tolerance to drought, high salt, and freezing stresses in transgenic wheat. | a cotton (g. hirsutum l.) dehydration responsive element binding protein gene, ghdreb, which encodes a 153 amino acid protein containing a conserved ap2/erebp domain, was isolated from the cdna library of cotton cv. simian 3 by a yeast one-hybrid system. rna blot analysis showed that the ghdreb gene was induced in cotton seedlings by drought, high salt and cold stresses. an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (emsa) indicated that the ghdreb protein bound specifically to the dre core element (a ... | 2009 | 19005655 |
| integrating genes and phenotype: a wheat-arabidopsis-rice glycosyltransferase database for candidate gene analyses. | glycosyltransferases (gts) constitute a very large multi-gene superfamily, containing several thousand members identified in sequenced organisms especially in plants. gts are key enzymes involved in various biological processes such as cell wall formation, storage polysaccharides biosynthesis, and glycosylation of various metabolites. gts have been identified in rice (oryza sativa) and arabidopsis thaliana, but their precise function has been demonstrated biochemically for only a few. in this wo ... | 2009 | 19005709 |
| metabolism of phenanthrene in cell suspension cultures of wheat and soybean as well as in intact plants of the water mossfontinalis antipyretica: a comparative study. | the metabolism of phenanthrene was studied both in cell suspension cultures of wheat (triticum aestivum) and soybean (glycine max), and in intact plants of the water mossfontinalis antipyretica. metabolism in cell suspension cultures strongly differed between the monocotyle and the dicotyle plant. only small amounts oftrans-phenanthrene-9,10-dihydrodiole and phenanthrene-9,10-dione were detectable in the wheat culture. soybean cultures, in contrast demonstrated a strong turnover resulting in a 7 ... | 1998 | 19005815 |
| the effects of enhanced ultraviolet-b radiation and soil drought on water use efficiency of spring wheat. | the effect of enhanced ultraviolet-b radiation (280-315 nm) and water stress on water consumption, instantaneous water use efficiency (wuei), season-long water use efficiency (wues) and leaf stable carbon isotope composition (delta13c) of three spring wheat cultivars (triticum aestivum l.) was investigated under field conditions. the relationship between wuei and wues with delta13c was analyzed. compared with the control, enhanced uv-b or water stress alone or in combination led to lower water u ... | 2009 | 19006675 |
| agrobacterium-mediated transformation of bread and durum wheat using freshly isolated immature embryos. | agrobacterium-mediated transformation of wheat is becoming a viable alternative to the more established biolistic protocols. it offers advantages in terms of simple, low-copy-number integrations and can be applied with similar efficiencies to specific durum wheat and spring and winter bread wheat types varieties. | 2009 | 19009440 |
| analysis of intraspecies diversity in wheat and barley genomes identifies breakpoints of ancient haplotypes and provides insight into the structure of diploid and hexaploid triticeae gene pools. | a large number of wheat (triticum aestivum) and barley (hordeum vulgare) varieties have evolved in agricultural ecosystems since domestication. because of the large, repetitive genomes of these triticeae crops, sequence information is limited and molecular differences between modern varieties are poorly understood. to study intraspecies genomic diversity, we compared large genomic sequences at the lr34 locus of the wheat varieties chinese spring, renan, and glenlea, and diploid wheat aegilops ta ... | 2009 | 19011002 |
| a germin-like protein gene family functions as a complex quantitative trait locus conferring broad-spectrum disease resistance in rice. | plant disease resistance governed by quantitative trait loci (qtl) is predicted to be effective against a broad spectrum of pathogens and long lasting. use of these qtl to improve crop species, however, is hindered because the genes contributing to the trait are not known. five disease resistance qtl that colocalized with defense response genes were accumulated by marker-aided selection to develop blast-resistant varieties. one advanced backcross line carrying the major-effect qtl on chromosome ... | 2009 | 19011003 |
| tobacco by-2 cells as effective bioreactor for the production of puroindolines. | puroindolines are two small proteins so called for the presence of an hydrophobic tryptophan-rich domain. associated to wheat starch granules in triticum aestivum, puroindolines have been shown to be responsible for the softness of the wheat endosperm. moreover, have been proved to possess bactericide and anti-fungal properties together with the capacity of forming very stable foams. all these features make puroindolines very attractive for medical, pharmaceutical and food industrial application ... | 2008 | 19014352 |
| wheat leaf rust caused by puccinia triticina. | leaf rust, caused by puccinia triticina, is the most common rust disease of wheat. the fungus is an obligate parasite capable of producing infectious urediniospores as long as infected leaf tissue remains alive. urediniospores can be wind-disseminated and infect host plants hundreds of kilometres from their source plant, which can result in wheat leaf rust epidemics on a continental scale. this review summarizes current knowledge of the p. triticina/wheat interaction with emphasis on the infecti ... | 2008 | 19018988 |
| a class iii peroxidase specifically expressed in pathogen-attacked barley epidermis contributes to basal resistance. | higher plants possess large multigene families encoding secreted class iii peroxidase (prx) proteins. in barley, two prx cdnas encoding hvprx07 and hvprx08 have been isolated and characterized to some extent with respect to a resistance-mediating function upon attack by the powdery-mildew fungus blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (bgh). here we present evidence for the tissue-specific accumulation of a new prx mrna, hvprx40, in bgh-attacked epidermis of barley (hordeum vulgare). the encoded protein ... | 2008 | 19018997 |
| comparison of genetic and cytogenetic maps of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) using ssr and dart markers. | a number of technologies are available to increase the abundance of dna markers and contribute to developing high resolution genetic maps suitable for genetic analysis. the aim of this study was to expand the number of diversity array technology (dart) markers on the wheat array that can be mapped in the wheat genome, and to determine their chromosomal location with respect to simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers and their position on the cytogenetic map. a total of 749 and 512 individual dart a ... | 2009 | 19020902 |
| characterization of t. aestivum-h. californicum chromosome addition lines da2h and ma5h. | in order to transfer useful genes of hordeum californicum into common wheat (triticum aestivum l.), the t. aestivum c.v. chinese spring (cs)-h. californicum amphiploid was crossed to cs, and its backcrossing and self-fertilized progenies were analyzed by morphological observation, cytological, biochemical and molecular marker techniques. alien addition lines with two h. californicum chromosomes were identified and their genetic constitution was characterized. sts-pcr analysis using chromosome 2b ... | 2008 | 19022201 |
| chlorophenols induce lipid peroxidation and change antioxidant parameters in the leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | in this work, changes in superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat) and guaiacol peroxidase (pod) activity were determined in the leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) exposed to 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-dcp) and pentachlorophenol (pcp). we analyzed the content of free phenols, the level of lipid peroxidation, and also the oxidation of dihydrorhodamine 123 by 2,4-dcp and pcp. chlorophenols were spiked to soil in concentrations of 0.5 and 5.0 mg kg(-1). plant seeds were raised in plastic pots con ... | 2009 | 19027988 |
| mapping qtls for pre-harvest sprouting tolerance on chromosome 2d in a synthetic hexaploid wheat x common wheat cross. | based on segregation distortion of simple sequence repeat (ssr) molecular markers, we detected a significant quantitative trait loci (qtl) for pre-harvest sprouting (phs) tolerance on the short arm of chromosome 2d (2ds) in the extremely susceptible population of f2 progeny generated from the cross of phs tolerant synthetic hexaploid wheat cultivar 'rsp' and phs susceptible bread wheat cultivar '88-1643'. to identify the qtl of phs tolerance, we constructed two ssr-based genetic maps of 2ds in 2 ... | 2008 | 19029680 |
| magnesium-isotope fractionation during plant growth. | magnesium is an essential nutrient, which activates more enzymes than any other mineral element and, thus, plays an important role in biogeochemical cycles. with three stable isotopes naturally abundant (24mg, 78.992%; 25mg, 10.003%; 26mg, 11.005%), magnesium stable isotope fractionation may provide insights into these cycles. here, we detail for the first time the magnesium stable-isotope distribution in a higher plant, wheat (triticum aestivum l.), during its growth cycle. wheat plants were gr ... | 2008 | 19031868 |
| new insights into the origin of the b genome of hexaploid wheat: evolutionary relationships at the spa genomic region with the s genome of the diploid relative aegilops speltoides. | several studies suggested that the diploid ancestor of the b genome of tetraploid and hexaploid wheat species belongs to the sitopsis section, having aegilops speltoides (ss, 2n = 14) as the closest identified relative. however molecular relationships based on genomic sequence comparison, including both coding and non-coding dna, have never been investigated. in an attempt to clarify these relationships, we compared, in this study, sequences of the storage protein activator (spa) locus region of ... | 2008 | 19032732 |
| phytotoxicity of major constituents of the volatile oil from leaves of artemisia scoparia waldst. & kit. | the phytotoxicity of the three major monoterpene constituents of the essential oil from leaves of artemisia scoparia waldst. & kit. (redstem wormwood) was investigated. gc/gc-ms analysis revealed that the essential oil (yield 0.84%) is a complex mixture containing 19 monoterpenes, 7 sesquiterpenes and 15 other compounds--aliphatic alcohols, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons and esters. the three major monoterpenes were beta-myrcene (30.2%), p-cymene (12.8%) and dl-limonene (12.4%). the essential oi ... | 2008 | 19040104 |
| wheat cryptochromes: subcellular localization and involvement in photomorphogenesis and osmotic stress responses. | cryptochromes (crys) are blue light receptors important for plant growth and development. comprehensive information on monocot crys is currently only available for rice (oryza sativa). we report here the molecular and functional characterization of two cry genes, tacry1a and tacry2, from the monocot wheat (triticum aestivum). the expression of tacry1a was most abundant in seedling leaves and barely detected in roots and germinating embryos under normal growth conditions. the expression of tacry2 ... | 2009 | 19052154 |
| growth in elevated co2 enhances temperature response of photosynthesis in wheat. | the temperature dependence of c(3) photosynthesis may be altered by the growth environment. the effects of long-term growth in elevated co(2) on photosynthesis temperature response have been investigated in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in controlled chambers with 370 or 700 mumol mol(-1) co(2) from sowing through to anthesis. gas exchange was measured in flag leaves at ear emergence, and the parameters of a biochemical photosynthesis model were determined along with their temperature respo ... | 2009 | 19055543 |
| efficiency of a zinc lignosulfonate as zn source for wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and corn (zea mays l.) under hydroponic culture conditions. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of a zinc lignosulfonate (znls) as zn source for wheat and corn plants under hydroponic conditions. the zn-complexing capacity of three commercial lignosulfonates (byproducts of the paper and pulp industry) was tested, and a ls-nh4, from spruce wood, was selected. its efficacy as zn fertilizer for wheat and corn plants was assessed at different ph values (7.0 and 8.0) in comparison with a chelate (znedta) and an inorganic salt (znso4). f ... | 2009 | 19063638 |
| detailed recombination studies along chromosome 3b provide new insights on crossover distribution in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), the crossover (co) frequency increases gradually from the centromeres to the telomeres. however, little is known about the factors affecting both the distribution and the intensity of recombination along this gradient. to investigate this, we studied in detail the pattern of co along chromosome 3b of bread wheat. a dense reference genetic map comprising 102 markers homogeneously distributed along the chromosome was compared to a physical deletion map. most of the ... | 2009 | 19064706 |
| remodelling of arabinoxylan in wheat (triticum aestivum) endosperm cell walls during grain filling. | previous studies using spectroscopic imaging have allowed the spatial distribution of structural components in wheat endosperm cell walls to be determined. ft-ir microspectroscopy showed differing changes in arabinoxylan (ax) structure, during grain development under cool/wet and hot/dry growing conditions, for differing cultivars (toole et al. in planta 225:1393-1403, 2007). these studies have been extended using raman microspectroscopy, providing more details of the impact of environment on th ... | 2009 | 19066942 |
| evaluation of screening techniques for heat tolerance in wheat. | cell membrane thermal stability, antioxidant activity, phenolics content, paraquat tolerance and kernel weight were compared for their ability to identify heat tolerant genotypes. four wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes, kauz, mtrwa116, opata and w7984 were used in this study, kauz and mtrwa116 being thermotolerant and thermosensitive, respectively. plants were exposed to high temperatures of 39 and 35 degrees c and then their measurements form different techniques were compared to each othe ... | 2007 | 19069883 |
| effects of paclobutrazol and salt stress on growth and ionic contents in two cultivars of wheat. | the effect ofpaclobutrazol (pbz) treatment on salinity tolerance of wheat (triticum aestivum), were investigated for two salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivars. salinity with pbz treatment significantly reduced the plant height and length and area of sixth leaf in both cultivars. with increasing salinity, a gradually reduction was observed in roots length, fresh and dry weight of shoot and sixth leaf and relative water content of pbz-applied plants in both cultivars. the greatest reduction w ... | 2007 | 19069984 |
| evaluation of some drought resistance criteria at seedling stage in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars. | this research was conducted to evaluate some of the drought resistance criteria at seedling stage in wheat. a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design (crd) was used with two factors consisted of stress levels (0, -5 and -8 bar) using peg 6000 and genotypes (10 genotypes of bread wheat; azar 2, gahar, koohdasht, bow, zagros, cham, niknejad, e1 neilairi, bohoih and giza 164) in three replications in a hydroponic condition. stress tolerance index (sti), water use efficiency (wue), bi ... | 2007 | 19070061 |
| effect of auxin and salt stress (nacl) on seed germination of wheat cultivars (triticum aestivum l.). | seeds of three wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars included mahdavi, pishtaz and shiraz, were used to investigate the effects of different salinity and auxin concentrations on their germination percent, radicle and hypocotyl length, seedling fresh and dry weight, radicle and hypocotyl dry weight. results showed that increasing concentrations of nacl reduced germination percentage, radicle length, hypocotyl length, seedling fresh and dry weight and hypocotyl dry weight. hypocotyl dry weight in ... | 2007 | 19070130 |
| effect of cadmium toxicity on the level of lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzymes activity in wheat plants colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. | high concentrations of heavy metals in the soil have an adverse effect on micro-organisms and microbial processes. mycorrhizas are among the extracellular strategies to avoid metal toxicity. in the present study, the effect of cadmium on lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzymes activity of am (with glomus veruciforme, g. intraradices and g. etunicatum) and non-am wheat plants was investigated. wheat plants (triticum aestivum l. cv. azar2) which have been colonized by above species, were used ... | 2007 | 19070166 |
| [genetic analysis of a novel aurea mutant in wheat]. | a novel spontaneous chlorina mutation of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was found in 2000. three types of phenotypes, i.e., green plant, intermediate yellow-green plants (or chlorina), and yellow plant (aurea), were observed in the selfed progenies of the mutant. the aurea plants usually died before heading stage, and the intermediate plants were viable but less vigorous and developed later than the green plant. the mutant wheat was analyzed genetically after self-pollination and crossing with nor ... | 2008 | 19073577 |
| [cloning and expression analysis of two salt and fusarium graminearum stress associated udp-glucosyltransferases genes in wheat]. | glycosyltransferases (gts) play important roles in stress responses of plants by glycosylating hormones and secondary metabolites. udp-glucosyltransferases (ugts), which use udp-glucuronic acid in animals, udp-glucose, udp-galactose, and udp- rhamnose in plant as sugar donors, belong to family 1 of gts. as a secondary metabolite produced by fusarium graminearum during infection of grains, deoxynivalenol (don) is not only harmful to human and animal's health by inhibiting protein synthesis, but a ... | 2008 | 19073578 |
| characterization of novel lmw-gs genes at glu-d3 locus on chromosome 1d in aegilops tauschii. | the objectives of this study were to clarify the relationship between lmw-gs glu-d3 gene of ae. tauschii registered in genbank and the six glu-d3 genes including 12 allelic variants of common wheat characterized in our previous studies, and identify novel glu-d3 genes and haplotypes from ae. tauschii using gene specific pcr amplification. by searching the ncbi database, 13 lmw-gs genes/pseudogenes of ae. tauschii were retrieved and classified into five gene families based on their nucleotide sim ... | 2008 | 19076692 |
| specific binding sites for progesterone and 17beta-estradiol in cells of triticum aestivum l. | the presence and location of specific binding sites for progesterone and 17beta-estradiol in cells of wheat were estimated using radioligand binding assay. membrane and cytosolic fractions of non-vernalized and vernalized plants were tested using tritium-labelled ligands. specific binding of [(3)h]progesterone and [(3)h]17beta-estradiol occurs in wheat cells. the binding sites are located in membranes and in the cytosol. specific binding of [(3)h]17beta-estradiol is higher in the membranes than ... | 2008 | 19081853 |
| toxicity and bioavailability of copper nanoparticles to the terrestrial plants mung bean (phaseolus radiatus) and wheat (triticum aestivum): plant agar test for water-insoluble nanoparticles. | because of their insolubility in water, nanoparticles have a limitation concerning toxicity experiments. the present study demonstrated a plant agar test for homogeneous exposure of nanoparticles to plant species. the effect of cu nanoparticles on the growth of a plant seedling was studied, and bioaccumulation of nanoparticles was investigated. all tests were conducted in plant agar media to prevent precipitation of water-insoluble nanoparticles in test units. the plant species were phaseolus ra ... | 2008 | 19086317 |
| influence of ultraviolet-c radiation on some growth parameters of mycorrhizal wheat plants. | uv-c radiation (220-280 nm) is known to causing damage in some physiological growth parameters such as chlorophyll, carotenoid, protein and sugar contents. in this study, effect of some species of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on tolerance of uv-c radiation in wheat plants was studied. wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. azar2) plants colonized by three species of mycorrhizae namely glomus etunicatum, glomus intraradices and glomus veruciforme were used in this study. they have been exposed ... | 2007 | 19086585 |
| effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (glomus veruciforme) on changes of some physiological parameters in cadmium treated wheat plants. | soil pollution by heavy metals has become a critical environmental concern due to its potential adverse ecological effects. in this study we have investigated the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (glomus veruciforme) on some physiological growth parameters, such as chlorophyll content, amount of total soluble sugar and total protein of wheat plants (triticum aestivum l. cv. azar2) and we compared these factors in mycorrhizal (am) and non-mycorrhizal (non-am) plants. the content of chlorop ... | 2007 | 19086586 |
| the bo1-specific pcr marker aww5l7 is predictive of boron tolerance status in a range of exotic durum and bread wheats. | high soil boron (b) constitutes a major soil problem in many parts of the world, particularly in low-rainfall areas and land under irrigation. low accumulation of b in the shoot or grain of cereal crops is correlated with the maintenance of biomass production and grain yield under high b conditions, suggesting that this trait is an important component of field tolerance. a novel screening protocol to measure b accumulation in aerated and supported hydroponics was validated using a set of known a ... | 2008 | 19088810 |
| rapd markers associated with drought tolerance in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | randomly amplified polymorphic dnas (rapds) were used to search genetic diversity and markers associated with drought tolerance in 20 bread wheat cultivars. these cultivars are extensively being used by farmers in iran, 6 of them are known as drought tolerant. initial screens involved growing 10 cultivars at seedling stage under drought conditions (-5 and -8 bar) exerted by peg 6000 in a hydroponic experiment. these tests confirmed the tolerance of the 6 above mentioned cultivars. thirty 10-mer ... | 2007 | 19090135 |
| effects of aqueous eucalyptus extracts on seed germination, seedling growth and activities of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase in three wheat cultivar seedlings (triticum aestivum l.). | evaluation of allelopathic effects of this plant on other near cultivations especially wheat is the aim of this study. effects of water extracts of eucalyptus leaves examined on germination and growth of three wheat cultivar seeds and seedlings. results showed that: germination percentage strongly decreased, leaf and root lengths also affected and dry and wet weights of both roots and shoots showed similar change patterns. activities of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase as antioxidant enzymes in ... | 2007 | 19090161 |
| sensitivity of two wheat species's seeds (triticum durum, variety karim and triticum aestivum, variety salambô) to heat constraint during germination. | the aim of this study is determine the effect of different temperature regimes on germination of wheat seeds and early germination events. germination is very sensitive to environment conditions, particularly the temperature. physiological and biochemical responses of wheat seed germination during time at various temperatures (5, 15, 25, 35 and 45 degrees c) have shown that optimal temperature (25 degrees c) favorites a good aptitude to germinate, whereas low (5 degrees c) and high temperature ( ... | 2007 | 19090228 |
| influence of osmo and hydropriming on seed germination and seedling growth in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars under different moisture and temperature conditions. | insufficient seedling stand establishment is one of the major obstacles to achievement of winter wheat (triticum aestivum) potential yield. in the present study, seeds of eleven wheat cultivars differing in drought resistance were subjected to hydropriming with distilled water and osmopriming with peg 6000 for 12 h. speed of emergence, vigor index and seedling dry weight were studied under two temperature conditions at 11 and 18 degrees c in plant growth incubators. water stress started 15 days ... | 2007 | 19090277 |
| genetic analysis of protein, lysine, gluten and flour yield in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the study was carried out to investigate the nature of gene action determining the inheritance pattern of protein, lysine, gluten and flour yield in eight wheat varieties (pak 81, pothowar 93, parwaz 94, shahkar 95, suleiman 96, chakwal 97, kohistan 97 and mh 97) selected on the basis of phenotypic diversity. in order to ascertain the gene action involved in the inheritance of these characters, the techniques like analysis of variance of hayman model and genetic component analysis were employed. ... | 2007 | 19093437 |
| selection for osmoregulation gene to improve grain yield of wheat genotypes under osmotic stresses. | for identifying osmoreguulation (or) differences in bread wheat genotypes, three experiments by using of randomized complete blocks design with five replications were carried out separately on 6 genotypes (tabasi, alvand, shahi, sabalan, sardary and roshan) under normal, drought and salinity stresses. at earring stage, in order to studying osmotic stress on pollen grains, treatments of 30% peg (control) and 50% peg with 10 mm kcl (osmotic stress) were applied. all pollen grains ofgenotypes were ... | 2007 | 19093486 |
| effect of between and on row distance of first development, tillering, yield and yield components in wheat cultivars (triticum sp.). | this study was carried out at the university of ankara, faculty of agriculture, haymana research and application farm, haymana county, ankara, turkey during 1987/1990 with the aim of to determine the effect of between and on row distances (b(rd) and o(rd), respectively) on the first development, tillering, yield and yield components in wheat cultivars (triticum sp.). five wheat cultivars (bezostaja-i, gerek 79, haymana 79; triticum aestivum l., cakmak 79 and kunduru 1149; triticum durum desf.) w ... | 2007 | 19093497 |
| growth indices of winter wheat as affected by irrigation regimes under iran conditions. | an experiment was conducted during 2004-2006 at the agricultural research station, islamic azad university, khorasgan branch, isfahan, iran. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation regimes on growth indices of three bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes. a split plot layout with a randomized complete block design with four replications was used. irrigation treatments (irrigation after 70 (i1), 90 (i2) and 110 (i3) mm cumulative evaporation from class a evaporat ... | 2007 | 19093518 |
| molecular characterization of lmw-gs genes from a somatic hybrid introgression line ii-12 between triticum aestivum and agropyron elongatum in relation to quick evolution. | in order to exploit the evolution and find novel low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) for improvement of common wheat quality, thirteen variants from a somatic hybrid introgression line ii-12 between triticum aestivum cv. jinan 177 (jn177) and agropyron elongatum were characterized via genomic pcr. four clones were pseudogenes because they contained an internal stop codon. the remaining nine variants contained intact open reading frames (orfs). sequence alignment indicates that the pro ... | 2008 | 19103430 |
| nonadditive expression of homoeologous genes is established upon polyploidization in hexaploid wheat. | effects of polyploidy in allohexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) have primarily been ascribed to increases in coding sequence variation and potential to acquire new gene functions through mutation of redundant loci. however, regulatory variation that arises through new promoter and transcription factor combinations or epigenetic events may also contribute to the effects of polyploidization. in this study, gene expression was characterized in a synthetic t. aestivum line and the t. turgidum an ... | 2009 | 19104075 |
| a catalogue of triticum monococcum genes encoding toxic and immunogenic peptides for celiac disease patients. | the celiac disease (cd) is an inflammatory condition characterized by injury to the lining of the small-intestine on exposure to the gluten of wheat, barley and rye. the involvement of gluten in the cd syndrome has been studied in detail in bread wheat, where a set of "toxic" and "immunogenic" peptides has been defined. for wheat diploid species, information on cd epitopes is poor. in the present paper, we have adopted a genomic approach in order to understand the potential cd danger represented ... | 2009 | 19104838 |
| identification of differential gene expression for kr1 gene in bread wheat using annealing control primer system. | intergeneric hybridization is an important strategy to introgress alien genes into common wheat for its improvement. but presence of cross ability barrier mechanism regulated by kr1 gene played a major destructive role for hybridization than other reported genes. in order to know the underlying molecular mechanism and to dissect out this barrier, a new annealing system, acp (anneling control primer) system was used in chromosome 5b (containing kr1 gene) specific recombinant inbred line (ril) pop ... | 2009 | 19105046 |
| chloroplastic glutamine synthetase is activated by direct binding of aluminium. | acidification of soils may release water soluble, toxic aluminium species from clay minerals. al interferes with a wide range of physical and cellular processes. glutamine synthetase (gs, ec 6.3.1.2) is the key enzyme of primary n assimilation, as well as ammonia reassimilation and detoxification. plant gs requires two magnesium ions per subunit for activity, which makes gs a potential target of metal stress. the objective of this investigation was to prove that al from an organic metal complex ... | 2009 | 19121098 |
| genetic loci associated with stem elongation and winter dormancy release in wheat. | in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.), the stem begins to elongate after the vernalization requirement is satisfied during winter and when favorable temperature and photoperiod conditions are attained in spring. in this study, we precisely measured elongation of the first extended internode on 96 recombinant inbred lines of a population that was generated from a cross between two winter wheat cultivars, jagger (early stem elongation) and 2174 (late stem elongation). we mapped a major locus for ... | 2009 | 19130033 |
| a quantitative genomic imbalance gene expression assay in a hexaploid species: wheat (triticum aestivum). | responses to allopolyploidy include unequal expression of duplicated genes, gene silencing, and sometimes genomic rearrangements. in plants, the relationship between allelic expression differences arising from changes in regulatory regions and the resulting phenotype is poorly understood because of the complexity of their genomes and lack of efficient methodology to identify regulatory variation. identifying functionally important regulatory variation in crops such as hexaploid wheat (triticum a ... | 2009 | 19132075 |
| a molecular marker closely linked to the region of rht-d1c and ms2 genes in common wheat (triticum aestivum). | a male sterile wheat mutant, triticum aestivum l. 'taigu', was found in a wheat field in china in 1972. the male sterility was controlled by a single dominant gene that was referred to as ms2. recently, this gene was found to be linked to a dwarfing gene through crossing taigu with the short wheat t. aestivum 'ai-bian 1' carrying the dwarfing gene rht-d1c. the objective of this study was to develop molecular markers linked to the male sterility ms2 gene in common wheat. one hundred and twenty-tw ... | 2009 | 19132076 |
| a high molecular weight polypeptide cross-reacting with the antibodies to the dynein heavy chain localizes to the subset of golgi complex in higher plant cells. | antibodies were produced against fragments of the microtubule-binding domain and the motor domain of the dynein heavy chain from dictyostelium discoideum to probe whole cell extracts of root meristem cells of wheat triticum aestivum. in plant extracts, these antibodies cross-reacted with a polypeptide of high molecular weight (>500kda). the antibodies bound to protein a-sepharose precipitated high molecular weight polypeptide from cell extracts. immunofluorescence showed that the antibodies iden ... | 2009 | 19135538 |
| [cdcl2-induced morphogenetic variation of triticum aestivum cultivars]. | the effect cadmium chloride on released local cultivars of soft spring wheat (triticum aestivum) has been studied under laboratory and field conditions in order to widen the variation spectrum of this plant. it has been found that treatment of grains with a 0.01% aqueous solution of cdcl2 induces the appearance of tall, strong plants with productive bushiness in the m1 generation that are characterized by various morphological changes: elongated ears, scales, and grains; increased number of grai ... | 2008 | 19137733 |
| immunoblot quantification of three classes of proteinaceous xylanase inhibitors in different wheat ( triticum aestivum ) cultivars and milling fractions. | in wheat ( triticum aestivum ) grains, taxi- (t. aestivum xylanase inhibitor), xip- (xylanase inhibiting protein), and tlxi-type (thaumatin-like xylanase inhibitor) xylanase inhibitors (xis) are expressed in considerable levels and under different forms. as these proteins have a significant impact on microbial xylanases frequently used in cereal-based biotechnological processes, knowledge of their quantitative and qualitative variability in wheat is of great interest. this paper reports the succ ... | 2009 | 19138080 |
| [the alien genetic variability for amelioration of wheat grain quality characteristics]. | the alien germplasm presented by different wild wheat relatives such as ae. umbellulata (uu, 2n = 14), ae. cylindrica (ccdd, 2n = 28), ae. tauschii (dd, 2n = 14), ae. ventricosa (ddunun, 2n = 28), ae. variabilis (uuss, 2n = 28), t. palmovae (aadd, 2n = 28) was involved into interspecific crosses with t. aestivum to produce transfers of exotic gli/glu-alleles to cultivated bread wheat varieties. the array of novel exotic gli/glu-alleles was introduced into cultivated wheat genome. considerable ne ... | 2015 | 19140427 |
| water deficits in wheat: fructan exohydrolase (1-feh) mrna expression and relationship to soluble carbohydrate concentrations in two varieties. | terminal drought is a risk for wheat production in many parts of the world. robust physiological traits for resilience would enhance the preselection of breeding lines in drought-prone areas. three pot experiments were undertaken to characterize stem water-solublecarbohydrate (wsc), fructan exohydrolase expression, grain filling and leaf gas exchange in wheat (triticum aestivum) varieties, kauz and westonia, which are considered to be drought-tolerant.water deficit accelerated the remobilization ... | 2009 | 19140945 |
| agriculture and the new challenges for photosynthesis research. | a rising human population and changing patterns of land use mean that world food production rates will need to be increased by at least 50% by 2050, a massive rise in harvestable yield per hectare of the major crops such as rice (oryza sativa) and wheat (triticum aestivum). combinations of breeding for improved morphology-related traits such as harvest index and increased inputs of water and fertilizer, which have sustained yield increases since the 1960s, will be neither sufficient nor sustaina ... | 2009 | 19140947 |
| land application of sugar beet by-products: effects on nitrogen mineralization and crop yields. | land application of food processing wastes has become an acceptable practice because of the nutrient value of the wastes and potential cost savings in their disposal. spoiled beets and pulp are among the main by-products generated by the sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) processing industry. farmers commonly land apply these by-products at rates >224 mg ha(-1) on a fresh weight basis. however, information on nutrient release in soils treated with these by-products and their subsequent impacts on cro ... | 2013 | 19141822 |
| land application of sugar beet by-products: effects on runoff and percolating water quality. | water quality concerns, including greater potential for nutrient transport to surface waters resulting in eutrophication and nutrient leaching to ground water, exist when agricultural or food processing industry wastes and by-products are land applied. plot- and field-scale studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of sugar beet by-products on no3-n and p losses and biochemical oxygen demand (bod) in runoff and no3-n concentrations in percolating waters. in the runoff plot study, treatments ... | 2013 | 19141823 |
| a sulphur deficiency-induced gene, sdi1, involved in the utilization of stored sulphate pools under sulphur-limiting conditions has potential as a diagnostic indicator of sulphur nutritional status. | a sulphate deficiency-induced gene, sdi1, has been identified by cdna-amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis utilizing field-grown, nutrient-deficient wheat (triticum aestivum var. hereward). the expression of sdi1 was specifically induced in leaf and root tissues in response to sulphate deficiency, but was not induced by nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium or magnesium deficiency. expression was also shown to increase in plant tissues as the external sulphate concentration in hydrop ... | 2009 | 19154231 |
| molecular characterization of two silenced y-type genes for glu-b1 in triticum aestivum ssp. yunnanese and ssp. tibetanum. | the high molecular weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gss) are a major class of common wheat storage proteins. the bread-making quality of common wheat flour is influenced by the composition of hmw-gss. in the present study, two unexpressed 1by genes from triticum aesitvum l.ssp.yunnanese as332 and t. aesitvum ssp.tibetanum as908 were respectively cloned and characterized. the results indicated that both of the silenced 1by genes in as332 and as908 were 1by9. in contrast to previously reported mechan ... | 2009 | 19166499 |
| fate of 4-nonylphenol in a biosolids amended soil. | the fate of the endocrine disrupting compound 4-nonylphenol (np) in an agricultural soil amended with biosolids was assessed in a greenhouse study. a biosolids with a total np concentration of 900 mg kg(-1) was incorporated into the 4 cm surface layer of soil columns at an agronomic rate equivalent to 1.7 kg m(2). half of the columns were planted with triticum aestivum l., red hardy winter wheat seeds, whereas the remaining columns were unplanted to evaluate the influence of plant growth on the ... | 2009 | 19167020 |
| proteins from multiple metabolic pathways associate with starch biosynthetic enzymes in high molecular weight complexes: a model for regulation of carbon allocation in maize amyloplasts. | starch biosynthetic enzymes from maize (zea mays) and wheat (triticum aestivum) amyloplasts exist in cell extracts in high molecular weight complexes; however, the nature of those assemblies remains to be defined. this study tested the interdependence of the maize enzymes starch synthase iia (ssiia), ssiii, starch branching enzyme iib (sbeiib), and sbeiia for assembly into multisubunit complexes. mutations that eliminated any one of those proteins also prevented the others from assembling into a ... | 2009 | 19168640 |
| tetraploid and hexaploid wheat varieties reveal large differences in expression of alpha-gliadins from homoeologous gli-2 loci. | alpha-gliadins form a multigene protein family encoded by multiple alpha-gliadin (gli-2) genes at three genomic loci, gli-a2, gli-b2 and gli-d2, respectively located on the homoeologous wheat chromosomes 6as, 6bs, and 6ds. these proteins contain a number of important celiac disease (cd)-immunogenic domains. the alpha-gliadins expressed from the gli-b2 locus harbour fewer conserved cd-epitopes than those from gli-a2, whereas the gli-d2 gliadins have the highest cd-immunogenic potential. in order ... | 2009 | 19171027 |
| a genetic network of flowering-time genes in wheat leaves, in which an apetala1/fruitfull-like gene, vrn1, is upstream of flowering locus t. | to elucidate the genetic mechanism of flowering in wheat, we performed expression, mutant and transgenic studies of flowering-time genes. a diurnal expression analysis revealed that a flowering activator vrn1, an apetala1/fruitfull homolog in wheat, was expressed in a rhythmic manner in leaves under both long-day (ld) and short-day (sd) conditions. under ld conditions, the upregulation of vrn1 during the light period was followed by the accumulation of flowering locus t (ft) transcripts. further ... | 2009 | 19175767 |
| [genetic analysis and location of loci controlling leaf rust resistance of introgressive triticum aestivum x triticum timopheevii]. | introgressive lines resulting from crossing common wheat triticum aestivum with the tetraploid t. timopheevii are characterized by effective resistance to leaf rust caused by puccinia triticina eriks. molecular analysis using 350 specific short sequence repeat (ssr) markers was used to locate the t. timopheevii genome to chromosomes 1a, 2a, 2b, 5a, 5b, and 6b. a population of f2 offspring of crossing hybrid line 842-2 with common wheat cultivar skala was obtained for mapping the loci controlling ... | 2008 | 19178084 |
| wound-induced apoplastic peroxidase activities: their roles in the production and detoxification of reactive oxygen species. | production of reactive oxygen species (ros) is a widely reported response of plants to wounding. however, the nature of enzymes responsible for ros production and metabolism in the apoplast is still an open question. we identified and characterized the proteins responsible for the wound-induced production and detoxification of ros in the apoplast of wheat roots (triticum aestivum l.). compared to intact roots, excised roots and leachates derived from them produced twice the amount of superoxide ... | 2009 | 19183290 |
| using combined measurements of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence to estimate parameters of a biochemical c photosynthesis model: a critical appraisal and a new integrated approach applied to leaves in a wheat (triticum aestivum) canopy. | we appraised the literature and described an approach to estimate the parameters of the farquhar, von caemmerer and berry model using measured co(2) assimilation rate (a) and photosystem ii (psii) electron transport efficiency (phi(2)). the approach uses curve fitting to data of a and phi(2) at various levels of incident irradiance (i(inc)), intercellular co(2) (c(i)) and o(2). estimated parameters include day respiration (r(d)), conversion efficiency of i(inc) into linear electron transport of ... | 2009 | 19183300 |
| tracking costs of virulence in natural populations of the wheat pathogen, puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici. | costs of adaptation play an important role in host-parasite coevolution. for parasites, evolving the ability to circumvent host resistance may trade off with subsequent growth or transmission. such costs of virulence (sensu plant pathology) limit the spread of all-infectious genotypes and thus facilitate the maintenance of genetic polymorphism in both host and parasite. we investigated costs of three virulence factors in puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici, a fungal pathogen of wheat (triticum aes ... | 2009 | 19183485 |
| genetic diversity and variation among botanical varieties of old portuguese wheat cultivars revealed by issr assays. | inter-simple sequence repeats (issrs) were used for genetic diversity analyses of an old portuguese wheat collection. eighteen primers produced 96.3 and 98.5% of issr polymorphism in bread and durum wheat cultivars, respectively. the unweighted pair group method with arithmetical averages (upgma) phenogram clearly split all cultivars based on their species/ploidy, reflecting a defined genetic structure. issrs revealed high genetic diversity at interspecific, intraspecific, and intercultivar leve ... | 2009 | 19184405 |
| genetic regulation of meiotic cross-overs between related genomes in brassica napus haploids and hybrids. | although the genetic regulation of recombination in allopolyploid species plays a pivotal role in evolution and plant breeding, it has received little recent attention, except in wheat (triticum aestivum). prbn is the main locus that determines the number of nonhomologous associations during meiosis of microspore cultured brassica napus haploids (ac; 19 chromosomes). in this study, we examined the role played by prbn in recombination. we generated two haploid x euploid populations using two b. n ... | 2009 | 19190241 |
| characterization and chromosomal location of pm40 in common wheat: a new gene for resistance to powdery mildew derived from elytrigia intermedium. | powdery mildew, caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is a very destructive wheat (triticum aestivum) disease. resistance was transferred from elytrigia intermedium to common wheat by crossing and backcrossing, and line gry19, that was subsequently selected, possessed a single dominant gene for seedling resistance. five polymorphic microsatellite markers, xgwm297, xwmc335, xwmc364, xwmc426 and xwmc476, on chromosome arm 7bs, were mapped relative to the powdery mildew resistance locus in an ... | 2009 | 19194691 |
| characterization and comparative analysis of hmw glutenin 1ay alleles with differential expressions. | high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gss) have been considered as most important seed storage proteins for wheat flour quality. 1ay subunits are of great interest because they are always silent in common wheat. the presence of expressed 1ay subunits in diploid and tetraploid wheat genotypes makes it possible to investigate molecular information of active 1ay genes. | 2009 | 19196487 |
| generation of high frequency of novel alleles of the high molecular weight glutenin in somatic hybridization between bread wheat and tall wheatgrass. | somatic hybridization between bread wheat and tall wheatgrass (agropyron elongatum) has generated fertile introgression progenies with novel combinations of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gs). most of these novel hmw-gs alleles were stably inherited. sixteen hmw-gs sequences were pcr amplified from three introgression progeny lines and sequenced. the alignment of these sequences indicated that five, probably derived from point mutations of the parental genes, whereas eight likely r ... | 2009 | 19199095 |
| analysis of betaine and choline contents of aleurone, bran, and flour fractions of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) using (1)h nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy. | in conventional milling, the aleurone layer is combined with the bran fraction. studies indicate that the bran fraction of wheat contains the majority of the phytonutrients betaine and choline, with relatively minor concentrations in the refined flour. this present study suggests that the wheat aleurone layer ( triticum aestivum l. cv. tiger) contains the greatest concentration of both betaine and choline (1553.44 and 209.80 mg/100 g of sample, respectively). the bran fraction contained 866.94 a ... | 2009 | 19199513 |
| biochemical characterization of a putative wheat caffeic acid o-methyltransferase. | a wheat (triticum aestivum l., near isogenic line of hamlet) o-methyltransferase (omt) was previously reported as a putative caffeic acid omt (tacomt1), involved in lignin biosynthesis, based on its high sequence similarity with a number of graminaceous comts. the fact that the putative tacomt1 exhibits a significantly high sequence homology to another recently characterized wheat flavone-specific omt (taomt2), and that molecular modeling studies indicated several conserved amino acid residues i ... | 2009 | 19211254 |
| exploring abiotic stress on asynchronous protein metabolism in single kernels of wheat studied by nmr spectroscopy and chemometrics. | extreme climate events are being recognized as important factors in the effects on crop growth and yield. increased climatic variability leads to more frequent extreme conditions which may result in crops being exposed to more than one extreme event within a growing season. the aim of this study was to examine the implications of different drought treatments on the protein fractions in grains of winter wheat using (1)h nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy followed by chemometric analysis. tri ... | 2009 | 19213725 |
| inheritance and mapping of powdery mildew resistance gene pm43 introgressed from thinopyrum intermedium into wheat. | powdery mildew resistance from thinopyrum intermedium was introgressed into common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). genetic analysis of the f(1), f(2), f(3) and bc(1) populations from powdery mildew resistant line ch5025 revealed that resistance was controlled by a single dominant allele. the gene responsible for powdery mildew resistance was mapped by the linkage analysis of a segregating f(2) population. the resistance gene was linked to five co-dominant genomic ssr markers (xcfd233, xwmc41, xbar ... | 2009 | 19214392 |
| effects of selenium on wheat seedlings under drought stress. | the paper reports the effects of selenium (se) supply on growth and some physiological traits of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv shijiazhuang no. 8) seedlings exposed to drought stress. the growth and physiological responses of seedlings were different depending on the se concentration. the higher (3.0 mg se kg(-1)) and lower amount used (0.5 mg se kg(-1)) did not significantly affect on biomass accumulation. treatments with 1.0 and 2.0 mg se kg(-1) promoted biomass accumulation of wheat seedling ... | 2009 | 19214397 |
| chemical, biochemical, and biological impact of untreated domestic sewage water use on vertisol and its consequences on wheat (triticum aestivum) productivity. | in the peri-urban areas of central india, sewage water is a valuable resource for agricultural production. in this study, impact of domestic sewage water irrigation for 5 years on vertisol with no previous history of sewage irrigation was investigated in an ongoing field experiment at bhopal (india) under subtropical monsoon type climate. the wheat (triticum aestivum) crop was grown during post-rainy winter season with 30 cm of irrigation (groundwater or sewage water) and four nutrient treatment ... | 2010 | 19219646 |
| auxin production by plant associated bacteria: impact on endogenous iaa content and growth of triticum aestivum l. | the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of bacterial strains of bacillus, pseudomonas, escherichia, micrococcus and staphylococcus genera associated with wild herbaceous flora to enhance endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) content and growth of triticum aestivum var. inqalab-91. | 2009 | 19220737 |
| intein-mediated protein assembly in transgenic wheat: production of active barnase and acetolactate synthase from split genes. | engineering traits by the assembly of non-functional gene products is a promising tool for modern plant biotechnology. in this article, we describe the establishment of male sterility and herbicide resistance in wheat (triticum aestivum) by complementing inactive precursor protein fragments through a split intein system. n- and c-terminal fragments of a barnase gene from bacillus amyloliquifaciens were fused to intein sequences from the synechocystis sp. gene dnab and delivered into the wheat ge ... | 2009 | 19222807 |
| oat (avena sativa) seed extract as an antifungal food preservative through the catalytic activity of a highly abundant class i chitinase. | extracts from different higher plants were screened for the ability to inhibit the growth of penicillium roqueforti, a major contaminating species in industrial food processing. oat (avena sativa) seed extracts exhibited a high degree of antifungal activity and could be used directly on rye bread to prevent the formation of p. roqueforti colonies. proteins in the oat seed extracts were fractionated by column chromatography and proteins in fractions containing antifungal activity were identified ... | 2010 | 19224400 |
| a kinase-start gene confers temperature-dependent resistance to wheat stripe rust. | stripe rust is a devastating fungal disease that afflicts wheat in many regions of the world. new races of puccinia striiformis, the pathogen responsible for this disease, have overcome most of the known race-specific resistance genes. we report the map-based cloning of the gene yr36 (wks1), which confers resistance to a broad spectrum of stripe rust races at relatively high temperatures (25 degrees to 35 degrees c). this gene includes a kinase and a putative start lipid-binding domain. five ind ... | 2009 | 19228999 |
| regulation of glutamine synthetase 1 and amino acids transport in the phloem of young wheat plants. | the possible regulation of amino acid remobilization via the phloem in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by the primary enzyme in nitrogen (n) assimilation and re-assimilation, glutamine synthetase (gs, e.c. 6.3.1.2) was studied using two conditions known to alter n phloem transport, n deficiency and cytokinins. the plants were grown for 15 days in controlled conditions with optimum n supply and then n was depleted from and/or 6-benzylaminopurine was added to the nutrient solution. both treatments ge ... | 2009 | 19230696 |
| detection of intergenomic chromosome rearrangements in irradiated triticum aestivum--aegilops biuncialis amphiploids by multicolour genomic in situ hybridization. | the frequency and pattern of irradiation-induced intergenomic chromosome rearrangements were analysed in the mutagenized (m0) and the first selfed (m1) generations of triticum aestivum l. - aegilops biuncialis vis. amphiploids (2n = 70, aabbddububmbmb) by multicolour genomic in situ hybridization (mcgish). mcgish allowed the simultaneous discrimination of individual ae. biuncialis genomes and wheat chromosomes. dicentric chromosomes, fragments, and terminal translocations were most frequently in ... | 2009 | 19234564 |
| genetic loci in the photoperiod pathway interactively modulate reproductive development of winter wheat. | responses to photoperiod and low temperature are the two primary adaptive mechanisms which enable wheat plants to synchronize developmental processes with changes in seasonal climate. in this study, the developmental process was characterized at two stages: stem length during the onset of stem elongation and heading date. these two developmental events were monitored and mapped in recombinant inbred lines (rils) of a population generated from a cross between two complementary and locally adapted ... | 2009 | 19234853 |
| bioaccumulation assessment via an adapted multi-species soil system (ms.3) and its application using cadmium. | this paper presents an experimental design for quantifying the transfer of chemicals at low trophic levels of terrestrial ecosystems. the soil microcosms, ms.3(foodchain) (food chain multi-specie soil system) covered the transfer from soil to earthworms (eisenia fetida) and from soil to plant (triticum aestivum), then to phytophagus (rhopalosiphum padi) and finally predator (chrysoperla carnea) species. cadmium was used as model pollutant. cadmium accumulation in foliar invertebrates was related ... | 2009 | 19237196 |
| [use of snp markers developed for allopolyploid wheat]. | in this work, we analyzed 54 domestic cultivars of hexaploid (common) wheat triticum aestivum l. (aabbdd genome) and accessions of tetraploid wheats of the timopheevi group (aagg) and rye secale cereale (rr) using 21 snp markers for common wheat. it was demonstrated that application of the snp markers developed and verified for particular common wheat cultivars in allele-specific pcr analysis of other cultivars with different geographic origins could lead to an incorrect estimation of the simila ... | 2009 | 19239102 |
| a quantitative portrait of three xylanase inhibiting protein families in different wheat cultivars using 2d-dige and multivariate statistical tools. | wheat grains contain three classes of xylanase inhibitors (xis), i.e. taxi (triticum aestivum xylanase inhibitor), xip (xylanase inhibiting protein) and tlxi (thaumatin-like xylanase inhibitor). these proteins are involved in plant defence and strongly affect cereal-based processes in which inhibitor-sensitive xylanases are used. this paper reports on the successful use of 2d-dige and tandem ms to discriminate xi (iso)forms and measures their qualitative and quantitative variation in six differe ... | 2009 | 19245861 |
| effects of canola-wheat intercrops on delia spp. (diptera: anthomyiidae) oviposition, larval feeding damage, and adult abundance. | reductions in oviposition and subsequent damage by root maggots (diptera: anthomyiidae, delia spp.) to brassicaceous crops in the presence of nonhost plants has been demonstrated, but such investigations have not been conducted using intercrops of species commonly grown in the large-scale agricultural production systems of western canada. a field experiment was conducted at three sites in alberta, canada, in 2005 and 2006 to determine interactions between root maggots and the various proportions ... | 2009 | 19253640 |
| impact of diuraphis noxia and rhopalosiphum padi (hemiptera: aphididae) on primary physiology of four near-isogenic wheat lines. | the impact of feeding injury by the russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (mordvilko) (hemiptera: aphididae), and bird cherry-oat aphid, rhopalosiphum padi (l.) (hemiptera: aphididae) on susceptible and resistant wheat, triticum aestivum l., near-isogenic lines 'tugela' (susceptible), tugela-dn1 (antibiotic), tugela-dn2 (tolerant), and tugela-dn5 (antixenotic) was evaluated by assessing photosynthetic parameters. photosynthesis and closely related parameters, pigment composition, and nonstructura ... | 2009 | 19253663 |
| limited genetic variation within and between russian wheat aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) biotypes in the united states. | insect biotypes are populations able to kill or injure crops with resistance genes and complicate pest management programs based on host plant resistance. biotypes occur in russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (kurdjumov) (hemiptera: aphididae), a worldwide pest of wheat, triticum aestivum l., and barley, hordeum vulgare l., that was introduced into mexico in 1980 and then spread into texas by 1986. five d. noxia biotypes were described in the united states and given the number designations 1 th ... | 2009 | 19253666 |
| search for diagnostic proteins to prove authenticity of organic wheat grains (triticum aestivum l.). | research comparing the biochemical composition of wheat grains from organic or conventional agriculture has used the targeted analytical approach. to obtain a more comprehensive record of the food's composition, we employed protein profiling techniques. levels of 1049 proteins were recorded in wheat grains (triticum aestivum l., cv. titlis) of two growing seasons from a rigorously controlled field trial in switzerland, containing organic and conventional plots. levels of 25 proteins were differe ... | 2009 | 19253955 |
| comparative effectiveness of pseudomonas and serratia sp. containing acc-deaminase for improving growth and yield of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) under salt-stressed conditions. | ethylene synthesis is accelerated in response to various environmental stresses like salinity. ten rhizobacterial strains isolated from wheat rhizosphere taken from different salt affected areas were screened for growth promotion of wheat under axenic conditions at 1, 5, 10 and 15 ds m(-1). three strains, i.e., pseudomonas putida (n21), pseudomonas aeruginosa (n39) and serratia proteamaculans (m35) showing promising performance under axenic conditions were selected for a pot trial at 1.63 (origi ... | 2009 | 19255743 |
| altered expression of wheat aintegumenta homolog, want-1, in pistil and pistil-like transformed stamen of an alloplasmic line with aegilops crassa cytoplasm. | homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structures, called pistillody, has been reported in some alloplasmic common wheat lines with aegilops crassa cytoplasm. an alloplasmic line of chinese spring ditelosomic 7bs (csdt7bs) with ae. crassa cytoplasm lacking the long arm of the chromosome 7b shows pistillody, and the pistils and transformed stamens are sterile due to abnormal ovule development. to elucidate the molecular mechanism of the ovule abnormality, we compared the expression p ... | 2009 | 19255779 |