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necrotizing infectious enteritis in piglets, caused by clostridium perfringens type c. ii. incidence and clinical features. 19675624909
[enterotoxemia of claves evoked by clostridium perfringens type b]. 19685691324
[detection and differentiation of clostridium perfringens and its toxins in the feces of dead domestic animals]. 19685692844
[the importance of clostridium perfringens in the path0ogenesis of swine dysentery]. 19685749638
lysosomal disruption by bacterial toxins.bernheimer, alan w. (new york university school of medicine, new york), and lois l. schwartz. lysosomal disruption by bacterial toxins. j. bacteriol. 87:1100-1104. 1964.-seventeen bacterial toxins were examined for capacity (i) to disrupt rabbit leukocyte lysosomes as indicated by decrease in turbidity of lysosomal suspensions, and (ii) to alter rabbit liver lysosomes as measured by release of beta-glucuronidase and acid phosphatase. staphylococcal alpha-toxin, clostridium perfringens alpha-toxi ...19645874534
[diagnosis of enterotoxemia of calves caused by clostridium perfringens]. 19666010616
intravascular coagulation in a case of clostridium perfringens septicaemia: treatment by exchange transfusion and heparin. 19676054002
report of clostridium perfringens food poisoning at eastern michigan university. 19676079060
ca2+- and h+-dependent effects of crude bacterial phospholipase c on the hydroosmotic response of toad urinary bladder to serosal hypertonicity.phospholipase c (ec 3.1.4.3.) from clostridium perfringens (crude extracts) was used to study the role of phospholipids in the osmotic permeability of the urinary bladder of the toad. when added to the serosal bath (430 mu/ml) it inhibited the effects of antidiurectic hormone (adh) and exogenous cyclic amp. under the same conditions the increase in osmotic flow produced by serosal hypertonicity (sh) was slightly enhanced by the lipase. the hydroosmotic effect of sh was greatly potentiated by the ...19846084840
combination chemotherapy with clostridium perfringens phospholipase c and cytosine antimetabolites: complementary inhibition directed at membrane lipids.tumor cell membranes were susceptible to the action of clostridium perfringens phospholipase c, and this was reflected by inhibition of cellular replication in culture. the differential susceptibility of two neoplastic cell lines to this enzyme was studied in detail. the growth of sarcoma 180 cells cultured in fischer's medium was markedly inhibited by phospholipase c; whereas, in contrast, cultured l1210 leukemia cells were relatively resistant to the cytotoxic effects of this enzyme. the diffe ...19836085755
synergistic haemolysis test for the identification of clostridium perfringens. 19846086510
transformation of clostridium perfringens.clostridium perfringens 11268 cdr (rifr tcs), the strain transformed in our experiments, was generated by curing a spontaneous, rifampicin-resistant mutant of c. perfringens 11268 (rifr tcr). high-temperature growth yielded tetracycline-sensitive, rifampicin-resistant cells which no longer contained pcw3, a 42.8-kilobase plasmid. the tetracycline-sensitive, rod-shaped cell was then converted to an l-phase variant by growth in the presence of penicillin g (10 micrograms/ml) and 0.4 m sucrose. aft ...19846086569
shuttle plasmids for escherichia coli and clostridium perfringens.small plasmids which replicate in both escherichia coli and clostridium perfringens were made by recombining e. coli plasmid pbr322 with three different small (less than 4 kilobases) plasmids native to c. perfringens. subsequently, two homologous, though distinct, tetracycline resistance determinants (tet) from other c. perfringens plasmids were cloned into them. both tet systems made e. coli resistant to at least 5 micrograms of tetracycline per ml when resident on the shuttle plasmids. the shu ...19846086570
[phospholipase c inhibitor from streptoverticillium mycoheptinicum].streptoverticillium mycoheptinicum, a producer of the antifungal antibiotic mycoheptin, was found to produce an inhibitor of clostridium perfringens phospholipase c. dynamics of the enzyme accumulation in the culture liquid filtrate was studied. a technique was developed for purification of the inhibitor, which includes adsorption, selective precipitation, ultrafiltration, gel chromatography and isoelectric focusing. the inhibitor was found to be of the peptide nature with the molecular weight o ...19846087312
structural studies of fc receptors. v. effect of phospholipase c treatment on the binding activities of the fc receptor of macrophage or its isolated plasma membrane.the effect of phospholipase c treatment on the binding activity of the fc receptor of guinea pig macrophage was studied to analyze the interaction of the fc receptor with membrane phospholipids necessary for the activity. it was confirmed by subcellular fractionation that the receptor is localized on the plasma membrane. treatment of the whole cell or isolated plasma membrane with phospholipase c of clostridium perfringens diminished the binding of soluble igg2-immune complex to fc receptors on ...19846088472
clostridium perfringens type c causing necrotising enteritis.a rapidly fatal case of enteritis necroticans in a 24 year old man with diabetes was caused by clostridium perfringens type c. the role of beta toxin in the disease is discussed. this type has not been previously described as a causative agent in necrotising bowel disease of man outside endemic areas.19846088590
histopathological changes in the brain of mice given clostridium perfringens type d epsilon toxin.the distribution, severity and frequency of brain lesions produced in mice by the administration of clostridium perfringens type d epsilon toxin were examined by light microscopy. the granular layer of the cerebellum was the area most frequently affected in mice given single doses of toxin. sequential changes in brain morphology were examined from 1 h to 7 days after injection of toxin. lesions progressed from an initial vasogenic oedema to malacic foci which commonly were focal and bilaterally ...19846088597
ultrastructural changes in the brain of mice given clostridium perfringens type d epsilon toxin.mice were given lethal and sublethal doses of clostridium perfringens type d epsilon toxin and the early morphological changes in perfusion-fixed intoxicated brains were examined from 30 min to 6 h post-inoculation. the initial ultrastructural finding was swelling of astrocytes, especially the perivascular extensions of these cells. astrocytes in the cerebellum appeared to be particularly sensitive to this toxin. these changes were quickly followed by evidence of severe endothelial damage, with ...19846088599
a functional membrane repair system in duchenne muscular dystrophy fibroblasts.experiments have been performed to determine if fibroblasts from patients with duchenne muscular dystrophy (dmd) are defective in a process of membrane repair. normal and dmd fibroblasts were treated with phospholipase c from clostridium perfringens to degrade plasma membrane phosphatidylcholine, and then phosphatidylcholine synthesis was measured as the incorporation of [3h] choline into lipid. phosphatidylcholine synthesis was stimulated by phospholipase c treatment to a similar extent in norm ...19846088703
[clostridium perfringens. an outbreak of food poisoning in a military camp]. 19846089393
pyruvoyl enzymes. 19846089649
role of dnase in recovery of plasmid dna from clostridium perfringens.recovery of plasmid dna from clostridium perfringens 10543a and 3626b cleared lysates was significantly improved by the addition of 0.2% (vol/vol) diethylpyrocarbonate (dep) before protoplast disruption in the cleared lysate protocol. three previously undetected, large-molecular-mass plasmids (45.2, 51.9, and 68.2 megadaltons) were isolated from modified dep-treated cleared lysates of c. perfringens 3626b. two plasmids (9.4 and 30 megadaltons) were recovered from c. perfringens 10543a modified d ...19846089664
steroidogenic effect of exogenous phospholipase c on bovine adrenal fasciculata cells.phospholipase c (bacillus cereus) added to the incubation medium stimulated the steroidogenic activity of bovine adrenal zona fasciculata cell suspensions to a level similar to that induced by optimal concentration of acth. this effect was not related to an increase of cyclic amp; it was calcium-dependent and was also induced by an other bacterial phospholipase c (from clostridium perfringens) whereas phospholipases a2 and d were ineffective. phospholipid metabolism was examined in these cells a ...19846089796
[studies on the toxicity of heat-sensitive spores of clostridium perfringens type a]. 19846090082
evidence for the role of calcium and diacylglycerol as dual second messengers in thyrotropin-releasing hormone action: involvement of diacylglycerol.trh stimulates the secretion of prl by clonal gh3 pituitary cells. the studies of the accompanying paper have shown that the secretory response during the first 30-60 min is biphasic (phase i, 0-3 min; phase ii, 5-60 min) and that the phase i response may be mediated through mechanisms involving ca+2 translocation. in previous studies, it has been shown that trh treatment rapidly induces the breakdown of inositol phospholipids with accompanying diacylglycerol accumulation. in this paper, we pres ...19846090104
[clostridium perfringens type d enterotoxemia of goats in switzerland. pathologico-anatomical and bacteriological studies]. 19846091266
beta-glucuronidases of clostridium perfringens.gam broth was cultured for 5 days at 37 degrees c to obtain maximum yields of extracellular beta-glucuronidase from smooth colonies of clostridium perfringens (hobbs' type 4) isolated from the feces of a patient. a crude enzyme preparation was obtained by 20-80% ammonium sulfate precipitation of the broth. the beta-glucuronidase was purified using deae cellulose column chromatography, gel filtration on sephadex g-200, and affinity chromatography on sepharose 4b-bound glucuronolactone. we obtaine ...19846091366
energy-dependent activation of spore-lytic enzyme precursor by germinated spores of clostridium perfringens.a precursor of the spore-lytic enzyme of clostridium perfringens was extracted with alkali from dormant spores of the organism. the enzyme precursor was activated by incubating it with germinated spores which had been treated with alkali. the activation was greatly enhanced by the addition of 3-phosphoglycerate, suggesting that the conversion of precursor to active enzyme depends on endogenous energy-producing metabolism during germination.19846091628
23na nmr relaxation study of the effects of conformation and base composition on the interactions of counterions with double-helical dna.nmr relaxation rates (t1(-1) and t2(-1)) have been determined for 23na in aqueous salt solutions containing various types of helical double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acids. these measurements were performed on three synthetic polynucleotides having different overall conformations, poly-(da-dt).poly(da-dt) (alternating b-dna), poly(dg-dc).poly(dg-dc) at low salt (b-dna), and br-poly(dg-dc).br-poly(dg-dc) (left-handed z-dna), and on four types of natural dna differing in base composition, clostrid ...19846091746
identification of sialyl and galactosyl transferase activities in calf vitreous hyalocytes.sialyl and galactosyl transferase activities are demonstrated in calf vitreous hyalocytes. for study of sialyl transferase activity, a partially purified vitreous preparation (collagen and hyaluronic acid removed), and bovine submaxillary mucin were treated with an insolubilized neuraminidase before use acceptor of radioactivity from cmp-[3h]-n-acetylneuraminic acid (cmp-[3h]-nan). for study of galactosyl transferase activity the vitreous preparation was treated first with insolubilized neuramin ...19846091999
[antibacterial activity of mt-141 against anaerobic bacteria].in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of mt-141, a new cephamycin, against anaerobic bacteria were compared with those of cefmetazole (cmz), cefoxitin, cefotaxime, ceftizoxime, latamoxef and cefazolin to obtain the following results. mt-141 showed high activity against a wide variety of anaerobic bacteria including b. fragilis and c. difficile except for eubacterium lentum, e. aerofaciens and b. furcosus. antibacterial activity of mt-141 against anaerobic bacteria was almost independent ...19846092738
effects of diet and antimicrobials on growth, feed efficiency, intestinal clostridium perfringens, and ileal weight of broiler chicks.five experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of diet and antimicrobials on weight gain, feed efficiency, ileal weight, and clostridium perfringens in the ileum of broiler chicks. in the first experiment, glucose, sucrose, and fructose were added to a semipurified diet and the results were compared with those from a practical corn and soybean meal diet. all of the diets were fed with and without bacitracin at a level of 55 ppm. fructose resulted in the greatest depression in weight gai ...19846093090
[recognition of the pathogenesis of enteritis caused by type a clostridium perfringens]. 19836093271
carcinoma of the colon presenting as pulmonary microabscesses and septicaemia due to clostridium perfringens. 19846093279
[anaerobic dysentery in pigs].anaerobic dysentery (necrotic enteritis) of sucking pigs was demonstrated on an industrial swine-breeding farm. the disease was found to be caused by clostridium perfringens, type c, and attacked up to 3 per cent of all sucking pigs at the age of 1 to 5 days, mortality rate ranging as high as 50 per cent. outbreaks were recorded only in boxes fixed on the floor of the premise itself. the control of the disease made use of complex measures, including washing of sows with disinfection solution pri ...19846093346
an affinity technique for the isolation of clostridium perfringens type c from man and pigs in papua new guinea.necrotising enteritis caused by clostridium perfringens type c (cwc) is an important cause of morbidity and death in highland regions of papua new guinea (png) and the organism is readily isolated from clinical cases. although detected in fluorescent antibody stains of faecal cultures, cwc has previously only once been isolated from normal people or from pigs in png. the difficulty results from the greater numbers of the much more common cl. perfringens type a (cwa) which is morphologically and ...19846094417
spontaneous clostridial empyema and pyopneumothorax.five patients developed pleural empyema due to clostridium perfringens in the absence of penetration of the thorax; two of the patients presented with pyopneumothorax. thirteen additional cases from the literature are reviewed. predisposing factors to the development of pleural empyema appear to include aspiration pneumonia, pulmonary embolization and infarction, and bacteremia from other foci. pleural disease and pulmonary tuberculosis may also predispose patients to pleural empyema. treatment ...19846095404
common action of certain viruses, toxins, and activated complement: pore formation and its prevention by extracellular ca2+.haemolysis by sendai virus, alpha-toxin, and activated complement is inhibited by high concentrations of divalent cations. in daudi cells, sublytic amounts of these agents induce the following changes: collapse of surface membrane potential, uptake of na+ and loss of k+ from cells, and leakage of phosphorylated metabolites from cells. the changes induced by sendai virus and complement are sensitive to physiological concentrations of extracellular ca2+. it is concluded that fluctuations in plasma ...19846095941
[h-nmr spectroscopy. specificity of microbial sialidases against complex substrates].the specificities of one viral and five bacterial sialidases were investigated by 1h-nmr-spectroscopy with substrates or substrate mixtures containing two sialic acid residues of different linkage types. this technique allows - in contrast to the methods used before - the simultaneous determination of the rates of hydrolysis of both neuac linkages in a single experiment. the substrate specificities of the enzymes are discussed on the basis of the relation of the rate constants k/k'. the data obt ...19846096253
biochemical properties of clostridium perfringens type a strains isolated from various sources. 19846096268
substrate specificity of cholylglycine hydrolase for the hydrolysis of bile acid conjugates.the substrate specificity of cholylglycine hydrolase has been investigated using bile acid conjugates with modifications in the steroid ring system, the side chain, or the amino acid moiety. epimerization at c-3 and c-7 did not affect the activity of the enzyme while oxidation of the three nuclear hydroxyl groups reduced the affinity of the enzyme toward the substrate. elongation of the side chain by one or three carbons inhibited enzyme activity. conjugates prepared from c24 bile acids and anal ...19846096355
experimental and spontaneous clostridial enteropathies of laboratory and free living lagomorphs.the enteric diseases of hares, european and cottontail rabbits, which are caused by members of the genus clostridium are reviewed. disease caused by c. perfringens types a and e, c. spiroforme, c. difficile, c. sordellii, c. tympany cuniculi and clostridial enterotoxins are included. tyzzer's disease also is discussed.19846096630
the iron milk most probable number method for enumeration of clostridium perfringens in the diet and the intestine of the chick.seven experiments were conducted to evaluate the iron milk most probable number method for enumeration of clostridium perfringens in the diet and the intestine of broiler chicks. levels of 50 ppm of neomycin and 20 ppm of polymixin improved the iron milk tube method when compared to the tsn (tryptone-sulfite-neomycin) agar plate method. low numbers of the organism, approximately 5 per gram, were detected in the practical diet fed to the chicks. vegetative cell numbers of c. perfringens increased ...19846096841
pigless pigbel: enteritis necroticans in the solomon islands. 19846097065
infectious agents associated with diarrhoea in commercial rabbits: a field study.over a period of 9 months the occurrence of parasites, bacteria and viruses has been examined in diarrhoeic rabbits from 21 commercial rabbitries and related with clinical signs and gross and microscopic lesions. infectious disease agents have been found in 71.5% of the animals. escherichia coli (atec) were found to be attached to the luminal intestinal border of 40% of the rabbits examined. this was associated with moderate to high mortality, caecal oedema, severe swelling of mesenteric lymph n ...19846097152
[sporulation of clostridium perfringens at different ph of the cultivation medium]. 19846097606
[enterotoxins of bacillus cereus and clostridium perfringens]. 19846097703
[rate of mucosocutaneous carriers of staphylococci in heroin addicts of the barcelona area and the microbiological characteristics of heroin and the material of injection]. 19846097777
[chronic meningococcemia associated with clostridium perfringens bacteremia]. 19846097959
spontaneous bacterial pleuritis in a patient with cirrhosis.empyema of the left pleural cavity developed suddenly in a nonalcoholic cirrhotic patient. cultures of the pleural fluid under anaerobic conditions grew clostridium perfringens, an organism normally found in the enteric flora. the infection developed in an old pleural effusion. since there was no evidence of trauma, necrotizing pneumonitis or subphrenic infection, spontaneous bacterial pleuritis is proposed.19846097971
[effect of iron on the growth and toxin formation of clostridium perfringens type a cultures].the influence of iron at different concentrations on the growth and toxin formation of the cultures of c. perfringens strain 28 bp6k, type a, in media having different composition and protein base has been studied. as revealed by the results of these studies, bivalent iron at concentrations of 1-30 mg%, while having no essential influence on the growth and development of the culture, not only produces no stimulating effect on toxin formation, but even inhibits it. the concentrations of iron, bot ...19846098107
[economic coefficients during batch and multicyclic cultivation of clostridium perfringens type a].the analysis of the accomplished processes of cultivation of c. perfringens, type a, has shown that at all cycles of the multicyclic process and during large-scale submerged cultivation in reactors the culture of this micro-organism remains in a physiologically active state. this is confirmed by high values of economic coefficients and by the consumption of keto acids.19846098111
the occurrence of clostridium perfringens in the intestine of chicks.commercial broiler chicks brooded either on wire or on used or new litter demonstrated a 75% (62/75) incidence of recovery of "perfringens-like" colonies from the intestine during a 5-week period. eleven clostridium spp. were identified from among these "perfringens-like" organisms, which were cultured on sps selective agar medium. clostridium perfringens was positively identified only infrequently (five isolates) from among the "perfringens-like" colonies. in contrast, "perfringens-like" coloni ...19846098250
hydrolysis of linamarin by intestinal bacteria.linamarin, a cyanogenic glucoside, was hydrolyzed by escherichia coli and streptococcus faecalis but not by clostridium perfringens when these organisms were grown on a glucose or lactose medium.19846098363
[gaps in asepsis due to surgical caps, face masks, external surfaces of infusion bottles and sterile wrappers of disposable articles].it is obvious that the surfaces of the boxes of sterile packed disposable instruments and infusion bottles are not sterile. the disposable surgical masks and surgical caps used for sterile clothing are delivered by the producers not sterile, either. to quantify these gaps and to judge their risks in the aseptic region the surfaces of 117 sterile packed disposable instruments and the inner sides of their boxes were examined bacteriologically. the surfaces of these objects proved to be not sterile ...19846099666
physical characterization of the clostridium perfringens tetracycline-chloramphenicol resistance plasmid pip401.four restriction endonucleases were used to construct a physical map of the tetracycline-chloramphenicol resistance plasmid pip401, which had been isolated from clostridium perfringens. twenty-seven restriction sites were placed within the 52-kb map, including 1 site for avai, 2 sites for kpni, 10 sites for ecori and 14 sites for psti. the loss of chloramphenicol resistance in the derived pip406 plasmid was associated with a deletion of a 6.2-kb dna segment located in a 10.55 ecori-psti fragment ...19846099703
antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria in sweden in 1983.this review is concerned with anaerobic bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility. data on the susceptibility to different antimicrobials of anaerobic isolates in sweden during 1983 is presented. among the different bacterial groups, clostridium perfringens, propionibacteria, anaerobic cocci and curved rods were found to be susceptible to beta-lactam antibiotics, clindamycin and chloramphenicol. c. difficile was susceptible to benzylpenicillin and imipenem, but resistant to cefoxitin. most c. di ...19846100139
[use of molasses and whey in culture media for the development and production of a toxin from clostridium perfringens type d].this work was undertaken to study the use of molasses and cheese whey in culture media for growth and toxigenic activities of c. perfringens type d. three media were used namely: 1) a modified gordon medium 2) a molasses medium and 3) a whey medium which composition are shown in table 1. the experiments were carried out in a 400 ml microfermentor by using 300 ml of media with automatic ph control (7,0 +/- 0,1) at 37 degrees c. samples were taken for determination of microbial count and toxigenic ...19826101000
[enzyme immunoassay in the detection of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin].an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for c. perfringens enterotoxin detection was evaluated using purified enterotoxin preparations, supernatant fluids of sporulating c. perfringens cultures and other clostridium species. the assay was found satisfactorily sensitive and specific to detect c. perfringens enterotoxin.19846101035
[staphylococcal coagglutination for the detection of the enterotoxin of clostridium perfringens].the staphylococcal coagglutination technique has been used in recent years for detecting various bacterial antigens and toxins. it is a simple and rapid technique which requires no specialized equipment. this report describes a staphylococcal coagglutination procedure for assaying c. perfringens enterotoxin. its sensitivity and specificity were studied with the aid of various enterotoxin preparations and culture filtrates of c. perfringens and other clostridium species. this assay detects betwee ...19836101068
the carbon dioxide requirements of anaerobic bacteria.some clinically significant anaerobic bacteria were incubated in pure culture in anaerobic jars containing a range of atmospheric concentrations of co2. growth of clostridium perfringens, c. sporogenes and c. septicum was independent of the amount of co2. small supplements of co2 (0.25%) allowed good growth of the majority of anaerobes studied--an observation contrary to established teaching. the exceptions were fusobacterium necrophorum which showed an absolute requirement for co2 of at least 1 ...19806107383
colony formation by bone marrow cells after incubation with neuraminidase. ii. sensitivity of erythroid progenitor cells for burst promoting activity and erythropoietin and restoration of reduced spleen colony formation in mice pretreated with desialated erythrocyte membrane fragments.incubation of bone marrow cells (bmc) with neuraminidase (na) reduces their ability to form colonies in the spleen of lethally irradiated mice. in vivo the largest reduction was observed in the erythrocytic colonies, whereas in vitro an inhibiting effect of na incubation was observed on the plating efficiency of erythrocyte precursors (cfue and day 7 bfue). masking of the receptors for neuraminidase-treated cell surface determinants in the recipient's body by infection of desialated erythrocytes ...19816113156
colony formation by bone marrow cells after incubation with neuraminidase. iii. cell surface repair, homing and growth characteristics of colony forming cells in vivo.incubation of bone marrow cells (bmc) with neuraminidase (na) reduced their ability to form colonies in the spleen of lethally irradiated mice to 25% of control-incubated bmc. covering of the recipient's receptors for galactosyl residues by infusion of desialated erythrocyte membrane fragments (na-efr) fully prevented the reduction of na-bmc colony formation. upon retransplantation the desialated cfus in the spleen of irradiated first recipients could be significantly rescued within 6 h posttran ...19816113157
[postoperative gas gangrene. apropos of 22 cases].the authors report twenty two cases of post-operative gas gangrene. in the series studied mortality was 40.9 p. 100, independent of age and sex. rapidly progressive forms were the most severe. the delay before effective treatment was prescribed influenced prognosis. in clinical terms, shock and associated renal insufficiency were grave, as well as a picture of respiratory distress which led, in certain cases, to contra-indication of one of the therapeutic possibilities, i.e. that of hyperbaric o ...19816119945
longevity of protection by active immunization against necrotising enteritis in papua new guinea. 19826124791
enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens: a possible cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea.free clostridium perfringens enterotoxin was detected in the stools of 11 patients with diarrhoea. all had high faecal counts of enterotoxigenic strains of c perfringens, mostly of serotypes not commonly associated with food poisoning. 10 of these 11 patients had severe or prolonged diarrhoea which had developed after antibiotic treatment. enterotoxigenic c perfringens appears to be one of the causes of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea.19846141380
the influence of drugs on the response of a cell culture preparation to bacterial toxins.the influence was studied of lanthanum chloride, chlorpromazine hydrochloride, indomethacin and sodium cromoglycate on the morphological changes induced in vero cells by the action of the cholera toxin, the thermolabile enterotoxin (lt) and the vero cell cytotoxin (vt) of escherichia coli, the enterotoxin of clostridium perfringens, and the cytotoxin of clostridium difficile. these drugs were able to inhibit the effects produced by c. difficile cytotoxin but not by the other toxins examined.19846142959
effect of clostridium perfringens beta toxin on blood pressure of rats.guanethidine treatment or adrenal medullectomy significantly inhibited the elevation in blood pressure induced by clostridium perfringens beta toxin, and the combination of the two drastically reduced the pressure rise, to less than 19% of that in control rats. when rats were pretreated with tetrodotoxin or hexamethonium, the toxin-evoked rise was significantly inhibited. elevation in blood pressure induced by the toxin in spinal rats tended to be less than that in control rats. when investigate ...19846145086
diarrhoea and simultaneous excretion of clostridium difficile cytotoxin and c perfringens enterotoxin. 19846150266
acute gastric dilatation in nonhuman primates: review and case studies.acute gastric dilatation occurs sporadically in laboratory-housed nonhuman primates. clinical histories often include chronic drug administration, food restriction, accidental overfeeding, and prior anesthesia. monkeys may be found dead or may have clinical signs of colic, abdominal distention, and dyspnea. death in untreated cases is due to impaired venous return and cardiopulmonary failure. gastric distention with fermented gaseous ingesta and congestion of the abdominal viscera are the predom ...19826153002
interactions of bleomycin analogues with deoxyribonucleic acid and metal ions studied by fluorescence quenching. 19806155142
[dna--helix destabilizing proteins (author's transl)]. 19806156442
characterization of membrane permeability alterations induced in vero cells by clostridium perfringens enterotoxin.alterations in plasma membrane permeability induced by clostridium perfringens enterotoxin were studied using vero (african green monkey kidney) cells which were radioactively labeled with four markers of different molecular size. the markers were alpha-amino[14c]isobutyric acid (mr 103), 3h-labeled nucleotide (mr approx. 300), 51cr label (mr approx. 3000) and [3h]rna (mr>25000). over a 2h period, enterotoxin caused significant release of aminoisobutyric acid, nucleotides and 51cr label but not ...19806157413
[use of redox-fibers for culturing clostrium perfringens]. 19806157930
protective effects of osmotic stabilizers on morphological and permeability alterations induced in vero cells by clostridium perfringens enterotoxin.culture medium made hypertonic by the addition of osmotic stabilizers such as sucrose, poly(ethylene glycol), dextran and bovine serum albumin protected against changes in morphology and plasma membrane permeability induced by clostridium perfringes enterotoxin. the protection did not appear to be due to binding inhibition. results of these studies support an osmotic disruption mechanism for the action of the enterotoxin. a comprehensive model of the enterotoxin's action based on an osmotic disr ...19816163461
decrease in virulence of some well characterized pathogenic bacterial strains when grown in presence of infection. 19806163699
trypsin activation of enterotoxin from clostridium perfringens type a: fragmentation and some physicochemical properties.clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin was activated about 3-fold by treatment with trypsin, without an observed change in molecular weight. on denaturation in 8 m urea, the trypsinated enterotoxin lost a small peptide of about 4000 daltons. the single cysteine residue of enterotoxin was in the small peptide together with seven out of nine residues of proline. trypsin activation, without removal of the small peptide, increased the 'outside' number of amino groups from eight to eleven. the tr ...19816165395
pharmacological effect of beta toxin of clostridium perfringens type c on rats.the biological effect of purified beta toxin of clostridium perfringens type c in vivo was investigated. after intravenous injection of the purified beta toxin into rats, a rise in blood pressure and a simultaneous fall in heart rate were observed. after the blood pressure reached a maximum, the heart rate recovered gradually, and electrocardiographic and respiratory changes began. the rise in blood pressure induced by beta toxin tended to be proportional to the amount of toxin. the latent perio ...19816168890
[further research on the detoxifying effect of rna].type a cl. perfringens toxin caused necrosis in guniea-pigs and killed mice. sodium nucleinate, administered orally to these animals simultaneously with the injection of the toxin and 2 hours later significantly prevented dermonecrosis in guinea-pigs and death in mice, as well as the development of pathomorphological changes in the liver, the kidneys and the spleen, the fatty degeneration of hepatocytes and disturbances in nucleic acid metabolism in these cells.19816173976
electrophoretic study of clostridium species.polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis of soluble cellular proteins (without sodium dodecyl sulfate) of 70 clostridium species indicated that the procedure was readily applicable to the differentiation of species in the genus. the protein patterns correlated well with the available dna homology data and with most accepted differential tests. results indicated that several earlier names for species were synonyms of those of accepted species and that two accepted species may be synonymous.19826175658
cholecystectomy wounds: source of infection. 19826177733
clostridial bacteraemia. 19826183326
effect of purine derivatives, papaverine hydrochloride, and imidazole on enterotoxin formation by clostridium perfringens type a.the percentage sporulation and enterotoxin specific activity were improved for all of five clostridium perfringens strains, and numbers of heat-resistant spores were improved for four of five strains by replacing proteose peptone with peptone in duncan-strong (ds) medium. when raffinose replaced starch in ds, peptone was superior to proteose peptone in increasing percentage sporulation, numbers of heat-resistant spores, and enterotoxin formation for four of five strains. enterotoxin levels for a ...19826184146
ganglioside-basic protein interaction: protection of gangliosides against neuraminidase action.the ability of acidic phospho- and sphingolipids to interact with basic proteins was studied by double diffusion analysis. the phospholipids, tri- and diphosphoinositide, and the sphingolipid, sulfatide, interacted with myelin basic protein as evidenced by precipitin line formation. of the sialoglycosphingolipids (gangliosides) tested, only the myelin-specific monosialoganglioside, gm4, formed a precipitin line with myelin basic protein. in addition, myelin basic protein retarded the activity of ...19836192246
histopathological effect of botulinum c2 toxin on mouse intestines.botulinum c2 toxin has histopathological activity in the mouse intestine and induces fluid accumulation in intestinal loops. the toxin caused degenerative and necrotic changes in the intestinal mucosa: intracellular vacuolization of epithelial cells, desquamation and necrosis of the villous epithelium, intercellular edema, and infiltration of lymphocytes and histiocytes. the detectable changes in the morphology of the intestinal mucosa preceded the increase in fluid accumulation in intestinal lo ...19846197380
allogenic modification of rat sarcoma cells in vitro by staphylococcal exotoxin.the effect of toxin preparations from clostridium welchii and staphylococcus aureus on the growth of some experimental animal tumor cell lines was investigated. while clostridium toxin exerted considerable cytotoxicity, it did not influence either in vivo or in vitro growth of recovered cells. however, staphylotoxin treated sarcoma cells, while showing normal in vitro growth and metabolism, exhibited decreased growth rates when transplanted into susceptible hosts. this effect was demonstrable ev ...19836197664
bacteriocinogenic plasmids developments and recent insights. 19836201152
[direct immunofluorescence reaction for the detection of the causative agent of anaerobic gas infection]. 19836201663
[morphological and histochemical study of the action of a native clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin on a model of the ligated ileal loop in the rabbit].morphological studies carried out in the igated loop of the rabbit small intestine, used as a model, have revealed that the action of the enterotoxins of c. perfringens type a reference strain and c. perfringens type a strains isolated in the ussr on the intestinal mucosa is absolutely identical. this action is manifested by the destruction of epithelial cells on the tops of the villi, inflammatory infiltration and considerable exudation of fluid into the lumen of the intestinal loop. early lesi ...19846207687
in vitro activity of moxalactam against anaerobic bacteria.moxalactam was tested against 80 isolates of anaerobic bacteria from clinical specimens. the results of this study and a review of other studies, in which comparable susceptibility testing methods were used, demonstrated the susceptibility to moxalactam of members of the bacteroides fragilis group, bacteroides melaninogenicus, fusobacterium species, anaerobic gram-positive cocci, and clostridium perfringens.19826218560
establishment of minimum inhibitory concentrations of cefoperazone for control and reference anaerobic organisms.the minimum inhibitory concentrations of cefoperazone were determined in a collaborative study for eight national committee for clinical laboratory standards control and reference strains of anaerobic bacteria by agar and microdilution techniques with several types and sources of media. recommended minimum inhibitory concentrations for the control strains, bacteroides fragilis atcc 25285 and bacteroides thetaiotaomicron atcc 29741, are 32 to 64 micrograms/ml and 64 micrograms/ml, respectively. c ...19836222065
teichomycin: in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation in comparison with other antibiotics.teichomycin, a new glycopeptide antibiotic with a spectrum of activity similar to that of vancomycin, was highly active against staphylococci, streptococci and gram-positive anaerobes (propionibacterium acnes, clostridium perfringens and cl. difficile). ninety per cent of the staphylococcus aureus and streptococcal strains, including enterococci, were inhibited by 0.4 mg/l; 90% of staph. epidermidis strains were susceptible to 1.6 mg/l. vancomycin was less active than teichomycin against all cli ...19836223907
immunomodulation of primary antitoxic-type immunity with inactivated brucella suspensions. 19836234766
lysine residues, but not carbohydrates, are required for the regulatory function of h on the amplification c3 convertase of complement.lysine epsilon-amino groups of human factor h were selectively converted to guanidino groups by treatment with 0.1 m o-methylisourea at ph 10.4. guanidination resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the capacity of the regulatory protein to accelerate decay dissociation of p-stabilized amplification c3 convertase sites, to serve as a co-factor for cleavage of cell-bound c3b by i, and to compete for binding of 125i-untreated h to c3b. modification of approximately 75% lysine epsilon-amino groups ...19846238095
comparison of media and methods for counting clostridium perfringens in poultry meat and further-processed products.a most probable number (mpn) method involving differential reinforced clostridial medium followed by streaking on willis & hobbs medium was compared with direct plating of samples on tryptose-sulphite-cycloserine agar without egg yolk, and two forms of oleandomycin-polymyxin-sulphadiazine-perfringens agar, one being prepared from a commercial, dehydrated product. with skin samples taken from chicken carcasses at different stages of processing, the three direct plating media gave similar counts o ...19806243326
mechanism of action of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin. effects on membrane permeability and amino acid transport in primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes.purified enterotoxin from the bacterium clostridium perfringens rapidly decreased the hormonally induced uptake of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid in primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes. at 5 min after toxin addition the decrease in alpha-aminoisobutyric acid uptake appeared not due to increased passive permeation (estimated with l-glucose) or to increased alpha-aminoisobutyric acid efflux. when short uptake assay times were employed a depression of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid influx was observe ...19806243482
indicator bacteria and salmonella in food-processing and domestic effluent. 19806243713
acute emphysematous cholecystitis: an ultrasonic diagnosis. 19806243848
the synthesis of 4-methylumbelliferyl alpha-ketoside of n-acetylneuraminic acid and its use in a fluorometric assay for neuraminidase. 19806243885
enumeration of potentially pathogenic bacteria from sewage sludges.to ascertain the health risks that may be posed by the land application of sewage sludges, a scheme was devised to determine the types and numbers of pathogenic and potentially pathogenic bacteria present in sludges. a processing treatment was adapted to sludge to give a homogenate which yielded the greatest numbers of viable bacteria. conventional methods were successful in enumerating klebsiella, staphylococcus, gram-negative enteric bacteria, and commonly used indicator organisms. modificatio ...19806243900
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