Publications

TitleAbstractYear
Filter
PMID(sorted ascending)
Filter
antibacterial activity of four cephalosporins in an experimental infection in relation to in vitro effect and pharmacokinetics.the in vitro activity of four cephalosporins was compared with their effects in an experimental thigh infection (cefuroxime and cefamandole against escherichia coli and cefamandole, ceftriaxone, and ceftazidime against klebsiella pneumoniae) in granulocytopenic mice. the effect in vitro (er) was defined as the difference between the growth rate without antibiotic and the growth rate at the steepest part of a 3-h growth curve in the presence of an antibiotic. the relation between concentration an ...19902143771
evaluation of thiol broth for the culture of salmonella typhi and other bacteria from blood.thiol broth is known to neutralize various antimicrobial agents. positivity of growth of various species of bacteria from blood in thiol broth was reported as similar to that in tryptic soy broth (tsb). as blood cultures are often used for the diagnosis of typhoid fever, and as patients may receive antimicrobial therapy before blood culture, the positivity and rapidity of growth of salmonella typhi in thiol broth were compared to those in tsb. routine blood culture samples from yonsei medical ce ...19902145703
the role of escherichia coli haemolysin in the pathogenic synergy of colonic bacteria in subcutaneous abscess formation in mice.the growth of nine species of colonic bacteria--escherichia coli, enterococcus faecalis, bacteroides ovatus, fusobacterium varium, clostridium perfringens, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus vulgaris, staphylococcus aureus and bifidobacterium adolescentis--was examined after concomitant injection to form experimental subcutaneous abscesses in mice. injection of a mixture of c. 10(5) cfu of each of the first five strains (e. coli, ent. faecalis, b. ovatis, f. varium and c. perfringens) resulted in ab ...19902146395
[enoxacin in the treatment of male genital infections in patients with antisperm autoimmune pathology].anti-sperm antibodies are frequently present in patients bearing infections of the genital tract and a cause-effect relationship is suspected in these two pathological conditions. in an open, uncontrolled study, the authors tested the therapeutical effect on both autoimmune anti-sperm and infectious genital tract diseases. thirty patients, age 30.3 +/- 3.6 years (mean +/- d.s.; range 25-42), were admitted to the study. in all patients the clinical diagnosis was confirmed by a positive sperm cult ...19902148024
a randomized prospective study of ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin with or without teicoplanin as an empiric antibiotic regimen for febrile neutropenic patients.febrile neutropenic patients were randomized to receive ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin with the addition of teicoplanin in cases with clinical suspicion of a hickman line-associated infection. at 48 h both clinical and bacteriological analyses were made. patients were categorized as: success, in cases of improvement or stability in the clinical condition; failure, if there was a deterioration of the clinical condition; and non-evaluable, in cases of protocol violation or death due to other causes ...19902149051
[coliform bacteria in rinsed beer mugs--identification with the api 20 e system and resistance behavior].653 11 beer mugs rinsed mechanically by conveyor belt dishwashing machines and 182 mugs cleaned in open vats were investigated for their content of faecal and total coliforms. ten and more faecal coliform germs could be detected in 4.7% of the mechanically rinsed tankards and in 12.1% of those cleaned in open vats. respectively, ten and more total coliforms were found in 30.3% and in 67.6%. altogether 213 coliform strains as defined by the german drinking water regulation were characterised bioc ...19902149435
studies of the mechanism of the cyclisation reaction catalysed by the wildtype and a truncated alpha-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from klebsiella pneumoniae strain m 5 al, and the beta-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from bacillus circulans strain 8.the actions of the wildtype and a truncated alpha-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from klebsiella pneumoniae strain m 5 al on malto-oligosaccharides showed no significant differences, and there was marked dependence of the kinetic parameters on the chain lengths of the substrate. the action of the beta-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from bacillus circulans was less dependent on the chain length of the substrate, but vmax of the initial cyclisation with the longer malto-oligosaccharides was on ...19902150008
comparative dose-effect relations at several dosing intervals for beta-lactam, aminoglycoside and quinolone antibiotics against gram-negative bacilli in murine thigh-infection and pneumonitis models.relatively few animal studies have investigated the influence of dosing regimens on the efficacy of antibiotics possessing different pharmacodynamic characteristics. we evaluated the impact of dosing interval on the relative efficacy and potency of beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and ciprofloxacin against pseudomonas aeruginosa. escherichia coli, and klebsiella pneumoniae in murine pneumonitis and thigh-infection models. we used a sigmoid dose-response model to determine the maximal bactericidal ...19902151487
culture-positive thoracic empyema in adults.twenty-nine adult patients with culture-positive thoracic empyema were seen at the university hospital kuala lumpur from 1984 to 1988. cough, fever, chest pain, dyspnoea and weight loss were the common presenting symptoms. the empyema in 16 patients was associated with primary bronchopulmonary infections, nine occurred following thoracentesis of culture-sterile pleural effusions, two occurred as post-thoracic surgery complications, one following a subdiaphragmatic abscess and one as a result of ...19902152022
post-operative surgical wound infection.the occurrence of post-operative wound infection was studied respectively over an eight month period in the university hospital, kuala lumpur. one hundred and seventy four (3.4%) surgical wounds out of 5129 operations became infected. the clean wound infection rate was 2.9%, rising to 5.4% and 12.2% for clean-contaminated and contaminated surgical wounds respectively. of the wound infections, 80.8% occurred within the first two weeks post-operatively. bacteriological studies revealed that the co ...19902152049
[long-term observations on the etiology and antibiotic resistance in urinary infections (1971-1987)].the activity "in vitro" of six antibiotics (co-trimoxazole, cephaloridine, nitrofurantoin, carbenicillin, nalidixic acid, gentamicin) was tested against four gram negative: e. coli, pseudomonas sp., klebsiella sp. and enterobacter sp. isolated from urine samples from 1971 to 1987, at the istituto di igiene of trieste. the temporal analysis of antibiograms revealed an decrease of the incidence of resistance in the year 1979, 1980 and 1981. in the following years the percentage of resistance showe ...19902152305
selective killing of klebsiella pneumoniae by 5-trifluoromethylthioribose. chemotherapeutic exploitation of the enzyme 5-methylthioribose kinase.5'-deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine (mta), an important intermediate in methionine recycling, can be metabolized by one of two mechanisms that appear to be mutually exclusive. in human cells, mta is degraded in one step to adenine and 5-methylthioribose 1-phosphate (mtr-1-p) via mta phosphorylase. in contrast, certain microbes metabolize mta in two steps: first to 5-methylthioribose (mtr) followed by conversion to mtr-1-p. the enzymes involved in this two-step conversion are mta nucleosidase and mtr ...19902153115
characterisation of the klebsiella pneumoniae nitrogen-fixation regulatory proteins nifa and nifl in vitro.transcriptional activation by the klebsiella pneumoniae nitrogen-fixation-specific positive control protein, nifa, (nifa gene product) has been demonstrated in vitro in s30 extracts from cells which overproduce this protein. the activity of nifa was dramatically reduced in vitro in the presence of the negative regulatory protein nifl (nifl gene product) but was not inhibited by the presence of a mutant nifl protein, nifl2404. transcriptional activation from the nifh promoter by nifa was dependen ...19902153546
expression of the cellulomonas fimi cellulase genes cex and cena from the divergent tet promoters of transposon tn10.a cartridge was constructed which contained the divergent tet promoters of transposon tn10 between an exoglucanase gene (cex) and an endoglucanase gene (cena) of cellulomonas fimi. when carried in a broad-host-range vector, the cartridge gave expression of cex and cena in escherichia coli, rhodobacter capsulatus and klebsiella pneumoniae.19902154164
relationship of high tissue concentrations of azithromycin to bactericidal activity and efficacy in vivo.measurement of killing kinetics of azithromycin against strains of streptococcus pneumoniae and klebsiella pneumoniae in vitro showed that it had a limited bactericidal activity (greater than 90% kill) for the first eight hours of incubation, but developed complete bactericidal activity (greater than 99.9% kill) by 24 h incubation. since high and sustained tissue levels of azithromycin occur in animals and humans, it was proposed that it might produce a bactericidal effect in vivo. this was demo ...19902154442
the product of the klebsiella pneumoniae nifx gene is a negative regulator of the nitrogen fixation (nif) regulon.an insertional mutation was made in the nifx gene of klebsiella pneumoniae. this mutation had little effect on the nitrogenase activity of the strain, as measured by acetylene reduction. however, on the addition of nh4+ or o2 (conditions which block nif protein synthesis by transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms), the nifx- mutant synthesized nitrogenase proteins longer and had more accumulated nifhdkty mrna than did the wild-type k. pneumoniae at all time points tested. conversely, ...19902155202
cloning and sequence analysis of gyra gene of klebsiella pneumoniae.the gene gyra encoding the dna gyrase a subunit of klebsiella pneumoniae has been cloned in the plasmid pbr322. bases of about 3.5 kb dna have been sequenced to locate the gyra gene. an open reading frame of 2628 nucleotides coding for a 97 kd protein has been identified. homology to the extent of about 85% was detected at the nucleotide level and about 90% at the amino acid level, when the sequences were compared with that of escherichia coli gyra. some very interesting differences have, howeve ...19902155395
differential regulation of mouse b-cell activation by beta-adrenoceptor stimulation depending on type of mitogens.we investigated the effects of the beta-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol (iso) and the alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor agonist norepinephrine (ne) on murine b-cell activation. cells were stimulated either by anti-mouse mu-chain antibodies (anti-mu), or by lipopolysaccharide (lps), or a membrane proteoglycan of klebsiella pneumoniae (kp mpg), a t-independent polyclonal activator distinct from lps, which induces b-cell proliferation and ig synthesis. iso and ne enhanced lps- and kp mpg-induced b-ce ...19902155873
potential mechanisms of resistance to the modern fluorinated 4-quinolones. 19902156074
roles for enteric d-type cytochrome oxidase in n2 fixation and microaerobiosis.escherichia coli strains that lacked the d-type cytochrome oxidase, the terminal oxidase with a high affinity for o2, grew anaerobically as well as the wild type did and were not impaired in the ability to evolve h2 from either glucose or formate. the anaerobic synthesis and activity of nitrogenase in transconjugants of these strains carrying klebsiella pneumoniae nif genes were also normal. however, the behavior towards o2 of anaerobically grown bacteria lacking the d-type oxidase differed from ...19902156809
the antibody repertoire of early human b cells. ii: expression of anti-dna-related idiotypes.cord blood b cells were immortalized in vitro with epstein-barr virus (ebv). supernatants containing greater than 500 ng/ml igm from clones/lines were tested for expression of anti-dna-associated 16/6 and pr4 idiotypes (id) by elisa. four of 70 lines, but no clones, were positive for 16/6 id and none expressed the pr4 id. the presence of 16/6 id on four cell lines was associated with specificity for ssdna, cardiolipin and fc of igg. no association was seen with binding to the k30 polysaccharide ...19902158785
interaction of beta-lactamase inhibitors with various beta-lactamases.the interaction of the beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanic acid, sulbactam and tazobactam with various plasmid and chromosomally mediated beta-lactamases from clinical isolates was studied. in each case inhibition of enzyme activity was observed to be progressive, i.e. the balance of the equilibrium between active and inactivated enzyme required 5 min. as expected, the clavam compound exhibited high affinity to all penicillinases including the enzyme from staphylococcus aureus, but the affinity ...19902159863
a general method for the transfer of plasmid-borne mutant alleles to the chromosome of klebsiella pneumoniae using bacteriophage lambda: transfer of pqq genes.a generally applicable method is described for reintroduction of mutant plasmid-borne alleles to the chromosome of klebsiella pneumoniae using bacteriophage lambda. we used this method to make stable chromosomal transposon insertions in genes for biosynthesis of pyrroloquinoline quinone in k. pneumoniae.19902160055
the role of magnesium and calcium ions in the glucose dehydrogenase activity of klebsiella pneumoniae nctc 418.magnesium-limited chemostat cultures of klebsiella pneumoniae nctc 418 with 20 microm cacl2 in the medium showed a low rate of gluconate plus 2-ketogluconate production relative to potassium- or phosphate-limited cultures. however, when the medium concentration of cacl2 was increased to 1 mm, the glucose dehydrogenase (gdh) activities also increased and became similar to those observed in potassium- or phosphate limited cultures. it is concluded that this is due to mg2+ and ca2+ ions being invol ...19902160228
cloning of pseudomonas aeruginosa algg, which controls alginate structure.the biochemical mechanism by which alpha-l-guluronate (g) residues are incorporated into alginate by pseudomonas aeruginosa is not understood. p. aeruginosa first synthesizes gdp-mannuronate, which is used to incorporate beta-d-mannuronate residues into the polymer. it is likely that the conversion of some beta-d-mannuronate residues to g occurs by the action of a c-5 epimerase at either the monomer (e.g., sugar-nucleotide) or the polymer level. this study describes the results of a molecular ge ...19902160929
direct involvement of is26 in an antibiotic resistance operon.the plasmid pbwh77, originally found in an isolate of klebsiella pneumoniae, harbors a new antibiotic resistance operon containing two resistance genes transcribed from an is26-hybrid promoter, as shown by nucleotide sequencing, mrna mapping, and the effect of inserting a transcription terminator within the promoter-proximal gene. the nucleotide sequence of this region revealed that the operon (iab) is made up of three sections that are closely related to previously described genetic elements. t ...19902160941
[resistance of klebsiella pneumoniae to drugs]. 19902161265
direct sequencing of the amplified structural gene and promoter for the extended-broad-spectrum beta-lactamase tem-9 (rhh-1) of klebsiella pneumoniae.extended-broad-spectrum beta-lactamase tem-9, detected in a clinical isolate of klebsiella pneumoniae, confers high-level resistance to recent cephalosporins, in particular ceftazidime, and to the monobactam aztreonam. using oligonucleotide probes, we found that the plasmid gene blat-9 encoding tem-9 differs from characterized blat genes by a new combination of already known mutations. gene blat-9 was further studied by direct sequencing of an amplified 1.1-kb dna fragment which contained the op ...19902161546
purification and properties of alpha-galactosidase from klebsiella sp. no. pg-2.alpha-galactosidase has been purified from klebsiella sp. no. pg-2, a bacterium isolated from rat small intestine, using calcium phosphate gel, deae-cellulose column chromatography and gel filtration technique. about 130-fold increase in specific activity was observed, the ph optimum of 6.5-7.0 characterizes the enzyme as neutral alpha-galactosidase. the optimum temperature was 37 degrees c and the energy of activation was 11,856 cal/mole. km values obtained for raffinose, mellibose, stachyose a ...19902162319
phytase from klebsiella sp. no. pg-2: purification and properties.a phytase (ec 3.1.3.8) was extracted from rat intestinal bacterium, klebsiella sp. no. pg.-2, and purified 50-fold by ammonium sulphate fractionation, ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. the enzyme is inducible in nature. the ph optimum was at 6.0 for all the inositol phosphates studied and this characterized the enzyme as an acid phosphohydrolase. of a range of potential substrates tested, only p-nitrophenyl phosphate alongwith the inositol phosphates was hydrolyzed. it exhibits a k ...19902162321
five genes at the 3' end of the klebsiella pneumoniae pulc operon are required for pullulanase secretion.the nucleotide sequence of a 5082bp fragment of chromosomal dna from klebsiella pneumoniae strain unf5023 is reported. the sequence includes the last four genes of an operon of genes specifically required for the secretion of the enzyme pullulanase. all four genes (pull, pulm, puln and pulo) are shown to be required for pullulanase secretion, as is a fifth gene (pulk) which extends beyond the 5' end of the sequenced dna. the products of the pull, pulm, puln and pulo genes (44 kd, 18 kd, 27 kd an ...19902162463
in vitro activity of cefonicid compared to other antibiotics against clinical bacterial isolates.the in vitro activity of cefonicid compared to that of other antibiotics has been evaluated against 401 enterobacteriaceae, 20 h. influenzae, 17 branhamella catarrhalis and 71 staphylococci. cefonicid was always more active than cefazolin, and usually more active than cefamandole and cefuroxime against susceptible gram-negative organisms (e. coli, p. mirabilis, klebsiella, shigella, salmonella, h. influenzae). cefonicid was ineffective against most strains of enterobacter, citrobacter, s. marces ...19902164309
sequential virus infections, bacterial superinfections, and fibrogenesis.parainfluenza 1 (sendai) and influenza a virus pneumonitis cause severe lung damage, which, upon resolution, is followed by persistent alveolitis and parenchymal changes characterized by patchy consolidation and collagen deposition in the affected areas. to determine whether these long-term sequelae of the virus pneumonias are cumulative, mice were infected by aerosol inhalation with sendai virus, influenza a virus, or sendai followed 30 days later by influenza virus infection. at 90 days after ...19902166456
use of potentially infected donor hearts for cardiac transplantation.despite the nationwide shortage of heart donors, more patients, some of whom are critically ill, are being accepted as candidates for transplantation. thus, on occasion, we have liberalized our donor criteria to meet the demand. we have recently transplanted 16 potentially infected donor hearts into critically ill recipients. of these 16 donors, 7 had multiple positive blood cultures as follows: streptococcus pneumoniae (3), staphylococcus aureus (2), klebsiella pneumoniae (1), and enterobacter ...19902166490
mechanism of action of lomefloxacin.the inhibition of supercoiling activity of reconstituted escherichia coli dna gyrase by lomefloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and norfloxacin was determined. the concentrations of quinolones needed to inhibit dna synthesis in escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and staphylococcus aureus were also measured. the kinetics of uptake of [14c]lomefloxacin and unlabeled lomefloxacin into whole cells of e. coli kl-16 and s. aureus nctc 8532 ...19902168142
[clinical evaluation of fosfomycin].a total of 15 patients with a variety of infectious disease were treated with fosfomycin in chang gung memorial hospital, kaoshiung. the drug was administered by iv drip infusion in doses of 204g per day for 5-28 days. the clinical response was satisfactory in 6 (100%) of 6 patients with urinary tract infection, 8 (80%) of 10 with septicemia and 1 with pneumonia. overall, fosfomycin was effective in 13 (86%) of all patients treated. except for 1 isolate of the pathogen, b. fragilis, and another ...19902168262
antibacterial activity of piperacillin and tazobactam against beta-lactamase-producing clinical isolates.the effectiveness of a combination of the recently developed penam sulphone tazobactam with piperacillin was studied in clinical isolates with defined beta-lactamase production. the combination was highly effective against piperacillin-resistant beta-lactamase-producing staphylococcus aureus, tem-1-producing escherichia coli and proteus vulgaris isolates. it was less effective against e. coli isolates producing the oxa-1 enzyme and marginally active against tem-1-producing klebsiella spp. isolat ...19902170081
tn1000-mediated insertion mutagenesis of the histidine utilization (hut) gene cluster from klebsiella aerogenes: genetic analysis of hut and unusual target specificity of tn1000.the histidine utilization (hut) genes from klebsiella aerogenes were cloned in both orientations into the hindiii site of plasmid pbr325, and the two resulting plasmids, pcb120 and pcb121, were subjected to mutagenesis with tn1000. the insertion sites of tn1000 into pcb121 were evenly distributed throughout the plasmid, but the insertion sites into pcb120 were not. there was a large excess of tn1000 insertions in the "plus" or gamma delta orientation in a small, ca. 3.5-kilobase region of the pl ...19902170334
[rotavirus in newborns less than 24 hours of age].during 22 months, 687 samples, including feces and meconium of patients from the baby nursery (group a--236 samples) and from newborns seen in the outpatient clinic (group b--451 samples), were submitted to elisa, page, and me, searching for rotavirus and were also cultivated for bacteria, at the huap (uff). nonsymptomatic newborns were the only positive cases for rotavirus, a rate of 2.11%. contamination at delivery was suspected, but there was no correlation between either cesarean or vaginal ...19902171129
transposon vectors containing non-antibiotic resistance selection markers for cloning and stable chromosomal insertion of foreign genes in gram-negative bacteria.a simple procedure for cloning and stable insertion of foreign genes into the chromosomes of gram-negative eubacteria was developed by combining in two sets of plasmids (i) the transposition features of tn10 and tn5; (ii) the resistances to the herbicide bialaphos, to mercuric salts and organomercurial compounds, and to arsenite, and (iii) the suicide delivery properties of the r6k-based plasmid pgp704. the resulting constructions contained unique noti or sfii sites internal to either the tn10 o ...19902172216
[the advantages of agglutination and precipitation tests used in the serological diagnosis of meningitis due to h. influenza type b].during the period january 1985-july 1988, 532 purulent csf taken from patients with meningitis, aged between 3 weeks and 91 years, were studied by microscopic examination, cultivation and for h. influenzae type b (hitb) also by coagglutination (coa), counterimmunoelectrophoresis (cie) and double immunodiffusion (did) in agarose gel. positive csfs were taken from the patients aged 1 month-24 years old, of which 76% from children under 5 years old, and 42% from children under one year. 65.9% of th ...19902173121
[aerobic conditions and the dynamics of the methyl red reaction in klebsielleae].the development of the methyl red reaction (mr) in klebsielleae, analyzed during a 4-day thermostatting, showed important ph-variations. two steps are distinguished during the reaction dynamics: the former of acidification, common to all enterobacteriaceae and the latter of alkaline reversion, specific to enterobacter, klebsiella, serratia and other mr germs. the processes determining the alkaline reversion are conditioned by the presence of large amounts of air/oxygen (aerobic processes). in th ...19902173123
genetic analysis of escherichia coli urease genes: evidence for two distinct loci.studies with two uropathogenic urease-producing escherichia coli strains, 1021 and 1440, indicated that the urease genes of each are distinct. recombinant plasmids encoding urease activity from e. coli 1021 and 1440 differed in their restriction endonuclease cleavage sites and showed minimal dna hybridization under stringent conditions. the polypeptides encoded by the dna fragments containing the 1021 and 1440 urease loci differed in electrophoretic mobility under reducing conditions. regulation ...19902174868
cloning of klebsiella pneumoniae pqq genes and pqq biosynthesis in escherichia coli.we have cloned genes from klebsiella pneumoniae which are required for pyrroloquinoline quinone (pqq) biosynthesis. the cloned 6.7 kb fragment can complement several chromosomal pqq mutants. escherichia coli strains are unable to synthesize pqq but e. coli strains containing the cloned 6.7 kb k. pneumoniae fragment can synthesize pqq in large amounts and e. coli pts mutants can be complemented on minimal glucose medium by this clone.19902177023
bacterial energy transductions coupled to sodium ions.in propionigenium modestum, an na+ cycle couples the exergonic decarboxylation of methylmalonyl-coa to endergonic atp synthesis. the atpase is an f1f0-type enzyme, closely related to the f1f0 atpase of escherichia coli. the specificity of the p. modestum atpase for na+ is not absolute, as it catalyses proton transport at low na+ concentrations. the na(+)-binding site is located on the f0 sector. therefore, a hybrid composed of f0 from p. modestum and f1 from e. coli, but not f1f0 from e. coli, w ...19902177912
novel plasmid-mediated resistance to ceftazidime of a clinical isolate of klebsiella pneumoniae. 19902178760
spontaneous bacterial empyema in cirrhotic patients: analysis of eleven cases.eleven episodes of spontaneous bacterial empyema were identified in eight cirrhotic patients with ascites. criteria for spontaneous bacterial empyema included positive pleural fluid culture or polymorphonuclear cell concentration greater than 500 cells/mm3, evidence of pleural effusion before an infectious episode and transudate characteristics during infection. in five cases, spontaneous bacterial empyema was culture-negative and was associated with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. ascitic fl ...19902179097
perspectives of beta-lactamases inhibitors in therapy of infections caused by escherichia coli or klebsiella with plasmidic resistance to third generation cephalosporins.new plasmidic beta-lactamases inactivating so far stable cephalosporins, aztreonam and cephamycins restrict the use of these antibiotics in therapy of infections, e.g., by escherichia coli and klebsiella. thus, combinations of beta-lactamase inhibitors and beta-lactam antibiotics were investigated in vitro with regard to their therapeutic perspectives. minimal inhibitory concentrations and the kinetics of killing in a pharmacodynamic model were determined. extended broad spectrum beta-lactamases ...19902179138
bacterial flora of the vagina and uterus of healthy cats.bacterial culturing was conducted on samples from the reproductive tracts of 53 clinically healthy female cats. aerobic bacteria were isolated from 52 of 53 vaginal swab samples and from 2 of 29 uterine swab samples. anaerobic bacteria were detected in 4 of 30 vaginal and 1 of 29 uterine cultures. the aerobic bacteria included species of acinetobacter, actinomyces, corynebacterium, escherichia, haemophilus, klebsiella, lactobacillus, staphylococcus, and streptococcus. coagulase-negative staphylo ...19902179182
new aminothiazolylglycylcephalosporins with a 1,5-dihydroxy-4-pyridone-2-carbonyl group. i. synthesis and biological activity of cephalosporin derivatives leading to mt0703.a series of new aminothiazolylglycylcephalosporins with a mono- or dihydroxypyridonecarbonyl group at the alpha-amino group of the c-7 substituent have been prepared and antibacterial activity of these compounds was investigated. among them, the compounds having a 1,5-dihydroxy-4-pyridone-2-carbonyl group showed excellent anti-pseudomonal activity. in particular, (6r,7r)-7-[(rs)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(1,5-dihydroxy-4- pyridone-2-carboxamido)- acetamido]-3-[[1-(2-hydroxyethyl)pyridinium-4-yl] ...19902179185
association of bacteria with the fungal fermentation of soybean tempe.bacteria grew to viable populations of 10(8)-10(9) cfu/g during the fermentation of soybeans into tempe with the fungus, rhizopus oligosporus. bacillus pumilus and b. brevis were the predominant bacterial species, reaching populations of approximately 10(8) cfu/g during the 48 h fermentation. species of streptococcus faecium, lactobacillus casei, klebsiella pneumoniae and enterobacter cloacae also contributed to the fermentation and achieved populations of 10(6)-10(7) cfu/g.19902179196
klebsiella pneumoniae gastroenteritis masked by clostridium perfringens.an unusual food-borne outbreak of gastroenteritis associated with contaminated turkey occurred at a catered company meal. the average incubation period was 10 h, and the predominant symptoms were watery diarrhea and cramps. vomiting did not occur. initial epidemiological features and cultures from turkey and feces of infected patients suggested that the causative agent was clostridium perfringens, but klebsiella pneumoniae of capsular type k15 was also isolated in large numbers from both the tur ...19902179254
hemagglutinin, urease, and hemolysin production by proteus mirabilis from clinical sources.proteus mirabilis, a common cause of urinary tract infection, can lead to serious complications including pyelonephritis. adherence factors, urease, and hemolysin may be virulence determinants. these factors were compared for bacteria cultured from 16 patients with acute pyelonephritis and 35 with catheter-associated bacteriuria and for 20 fecal isolates. pyelonephritis isolates were more likely (p less than .05) to express the mannose-resistant/proteus-like (mr/p) hemagglutinin in the absence o ...19902179424
five years of cefotaxime use in a neonatal intensive care unit.in 1983 our antibiotic regimen for suspected neonatal septicemia was changed from amoxicillin-gentamicin to cefotaxime-amoxicillin. during the subsequent 5-year period we studied the effect of this change in regimen on the bacterial flora of the infants in the unit and the occurrence of serious infections. this was done with bacteriologic surveillance and analysis of the positive blood cultures from 1978 through 1987. a change in the relative numbers of isolated pathogens was observed; klebsiell ...19902179846
[ultrastructural studies of klebsiella rhinoscleromatis].in 1870, f. hebra described a slowly progressing granulomatous disease of the nasal mucous membrane he called rhinoscleroma. later, n. m. volkovich and a. frisch isolated from patients suffering from this disease a microorganism they termed klebsiella rhinoscleromatis. in 1932, s. belinov proposed to name the disease scleroma respiratorium because the pathological process developing in rhinosclerosis may involve not only upper but also lower airways. in 1961, t. steffen and j. smith demonstrated ...19902180175
management of febrile episodes during neutropenia caused by chemotherapy. 19902180273
survival after intramuscular or inhalation administration of gentamicin in neutropenic guinea pigs infected by klebsiella pneumoniae.guinea pigs were infected by intranasal administration of klebsiella pneumoniae on day 7 after irradiation with a dose of 4 gy and treated on days 8-10 by gentamicin 4 mg/kg bd im or by inhalation leading to estimated systemically absorbed doses of 5.9 mg/kg/day. all animals died; however, gentamicin treatment significantly (p less than 0.05, fisher's exact test) delayed death in the specific time intervals: 7-13 days (with the exception of day 11) and 12-26 days after im and inhalation administ ...19902180888
a sulfur- and tyramine-regulated klebsiella aerogenes operon containing the arylsulfatase (atsa) gene and the atsb gene.the structural gene for arylsulfatase (atsa) of klebsiella aerogenes was cloned into a pki212 vector in escherichia coli. deletion analysis showed that the atsa gene with the promoter region was located within a 3.2-kilobase cloned segment. in e. coli cells which carried the plasmid, the synthesis of arylsulfatase was repressed by various sources of sulfur; the repression was relieved, in each case, by tyramine. transfer of the plasmid into atsa or constitutive atsr mutant strains of k. aerogene ...19902180918
the function of isolated domains and chimaeric proteins constructed from the transcriptional activators nifa and ntrc of klebsiella pneumoniae.a model for the domain structure of sigma 54-dependent transcriptional activators, based on sequence data, has been tested by examining the function of truncated and chimaeric proteins. removal of the n-terminal domain of ntrc abolishes transcriptional activation, indicating that this domain is positively required for activator function. over-expression of this domain as a separate peptide appears to titrate out the phosphorylating activity of ntrb. removal of the n-terminal domain of nifa reduc ...19902181238
analysis of the subcellular location of pullulanase produced by escherichia coli carrying the pula gene from klebsiella pneumoniae strain unf5023.three different techniques, protease accessibility, cell fractionation and in situ immunocytochemistry, were used to study the location of the lipoprotein pullulanase produced by escherichia coli k12 carrying the cloned pullulanase structural gene (pula) from klebsiella pneumoniae, with or without the k. pneumoniae genes required to transport pullulanase to the cell surface (secretion-competent and secretion-incompetent, respectively). pullulanase produced by secretion-competent strains could be ...19902181241
molecular characterization of pula and its product, pullulanase, a secreted enzyme of klebsiella pneumoniae unf5023.the determined nucleotide sequence of the klebsiella pneumoniae unf5023 gene pula comprises a single open reading frame coding for a 1090-residue precursor of the secreted protein pullulanase. the predicted sequence of this protein is highly homologous to that of pullulanase of klebsiella aerogenes strain w70. however, the unf5023 pullulanase lacks a collagen-like sequence present at the n-terminus of the mature w70 enzyme and differs further from the w70 pullulanase around residue 300 and at th ...19902181242
strong interaction of lipopolysaccharides possessing the mannose homopolysaccharides with complement and its relation to adjuvant action.lps from klebsiella pneumoniae o3 (ko3 lps) exhibited an extremely high anticomplementary activity by the hemolysis assay using human sera. the free lipid a isolated from ko3 lps by acid hydrolysis and r form lps from a mutant lacking the o-specific polysaccharide portion possessed lower anticomplementary activity, and the o-specific polysaccharide fraction isolated from ko3 lps alone did not activate the c system. it was suggested that the o-specific polysaccharide moiety enhanced the c activat ...19902182713
chemical changes in slime glycolipoprotein associated with altered biological activity in gentamicin-resistant variants of klebsiella pneumoniae. 19902182726
bacteria, toxins, and the peritoneum.intraperitoneal infections are caused by members of the gastrointestinal flora, mainly escherichia coli, enterococci, klebsiella, enterobacter, proteus, bacteroides, anaerobic cocci, clostridia, and fusobacteria. the gram-negative aerobic bacteria exert their pathogenic potential mainly through endotoxin which acts by way of mediators, causing systemic septic response and, initially, the local response of the peritoneal cavity. the main virulence factors of anaerobic bacteria are exoenzymes and ...19902183479
interaction of mg2+ and ca2+ in in vitro hexagonal assembly of r-form lipopolysaccharides.the r-form lipopolysaccharide (lps) from klebsiella pneumoniae strain len-111 (03-:kl-), from which cationic material had been removed by electrodialysis, formed an orderly hexagonal lattice structure when suspended in 50 mm tris buffer at ph 8.5 containing mgcl2. the center-to-center distance (lattice constant) of the hexagonal lattice structure depended upon the concentration of mgcl2 and reached the shortest value (15 nm) at 10 mm. in contrast, cacl2 could not produce the orderly hexagonal la ...19902183553
various aspects of synergism between endotoxin and mdps. 19902183564
serious pediatric infections.third-generation cephalosporins are important additions to the range of antibiotics available for treating children with serious bacterial infections. they are highly active against the common pathogens, which cause bacterial meningitis in children. strains of haemophilus influenzae type b resistant to both ampicillin and chloramphenicol, and streptococcus pneumoniae relatively resistant to penicillin remain susceptible to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone. escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, citr ...19902183605
pathophysiologic basis for the use of third-generation cephalosporins.after 10 years of use, the third-generation cephalosporins remain excellent antibiotics. they have superior activity against selected streptococcal species compared with other cephalosporins, and superior activity against haemophilus, neisseria, branhamella, and other less common oral gram-negative aerobic species. despite a very broad spectrum of activity, the third-generation cephalosporins, like all other cephalosporins, have only poor activity against enterococci, listeria, corynebacterium j ...19902183607
oral ciprofloxacin compared with parenteral antibiotics in the treatment of osteomyelitis.we undertook a prospective, randomized comparison of oral ciprofloxacin with standard parenteral therapies for the treatment of biopsy-proven osteomyelitis caused by susceptible organisms. following surgical debridement, the ciprofloxacin patients received 750 mg twice a day, and the other patients received a broad-spectrum cephalosporin or a nafcillin-aminoglycoside combination intravenously (i.v.). there were 31 evaluable patients in the ciprofloxacin group, treated an average of 56 days, and ...19902183710
double-blind study of endotracheal tobramycin in the treatment of gram-negative bacterial pneumonia. the endotracheal tobramycin study group.a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to determine the safety and efficacy of endotracheal tobramycin (ett) for treatment of gram-negative bacterial pneumonia. patients were randomized to either 40 mg of tobramycin or a placebo instilled endotracheally every 8 h. patients also received intravenous tobramycin plus either cefazolin or piperacillin. of 85 patients enrolled, 41 were assessable. most microbiologic diagnoses were made by endotracheal aspiration with stric ...19902183716
application of mathematical model to experimental chemotherapy of fatal murine pneumonia.two beta-lactam antibiotics, cefazolin and cefmenoxime, were administered in an experimental model of murine pneumonia caused by klebsiella pneumoniae in a way which enabled us to approximate the serum antibiotic concentration time course in humans. bacterial counts during the experiments were subjected to nonlinear least-squares analyses by using a mathematical model that explained the bacterial killing by the antibiotic concentration time course and other factors associated with antimicrobial ...19902183718
emergence of cross-resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in fecal escherichia coli and klebsiella strains from neonates treated with ampicillin or cefuroxime.both ampicillin and cefuroxime therapy of neonates selected drug- and species-dependent beta-lactam resistance patterns in fecal strains of escherichia coli and klebsiella spp. this was in contrast to our previous findings that ampicillin, but not cefuroxime, contributed to the emergence of beta-lactam resistance also by the promotion of nosocomial spread of resistant strains.19902183720
multicenter in vitro comparison of piperacillin and nine other antibacterials against 1,629 clinical isolates.the antibacterial spectrum of activity of piperacillin was compared with that of other antibiotics against isolates of escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, haemophilus influenzae, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, pseudomonas cepacia, pseudomonas maltophilia, serratia marcescens, enterococcus sp, bacteroides fragilis, bacteroides bivius, and clostridium difficile obtained from laboratories at hospitals in st. louis, in memphis, and in newark, new jersey. of the 1,629 isolates tes ...19902183941
two novel transferable extended-spectrum beta-lactamases from klebsiella pneumoniae in tunisia.two novel beta-lactamases conferring multiresistance to antibiotics including oxyimino beta-lactams have been identified in two nosocomial k. pneumoniae strains isolated in tunis in 1986 and 1988. both enzymes were encoded by ca. 150-kilobase plasmids. donor and transconjugant strains producing these enzymes exhibited highly similar pattern of resistance (ctx phenotype) to beta-lactams including penicillins and oxyimino beta-lactams e.g. cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and aztreonam. high ...19902184088
growth of gram-negative bacteria in dry cow secretion.gram-negative bacteria (n = 192) isolated from infected bovine mammary glands were tested for growth in a pooled source of dry cow secretion. growth of klebsiella pneumoniae in dry cow secretion was greater than growth of escherichia coli and klebsiella oxytoca. escherichia coli originating during the early dry period exhibited greater growth in dry cow secretion than those originating around calving or during lactation. klebsiella pneumoniae growth did not differ with time of origin of intramam ...19902184175
extended broad-spectrum beta-lactamases in australia. 19902184334
microbiology of empyema in children and adolescents.the microbiology of empyema was studied in 72 children and adolescents whose specimens yielded bacterial growth after inoculation for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. a total of 93 organisms, 60 aerobic or facultative and 33 anaerobic, were isolated. aerobic bacteria was isolated in 48 (67%) patients, anaerobic bacteria in 17 (24%), and mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in 7 (10%). the predominant aerobic or facultative bacteria were haemophilus influenzae (15 isolates), streptococcus pneumoni ...19902184407
the nifh promoter region of rhizobium leguminosarum: nucleotide sequence and promoter elements controlling activation by nifa protein.the nucleotide (nt) sequence of the rhizobium leguminosarum nifh promoter region contains a consensus promoter, a consensus upstream activator sequence (uas), a pseudo (psi) promoter and a psi uas. we mapped the transcription start point for the consensus promoter sequence by primer extension. this promoter differs from the consensus in one of the four supposedly invariant nt and can be activated by the klebsiella pneumoniae nifa product in escherichia coli. under these conditions the psi promot ...19902185138
antibody activity in ankylosing spondylitis sera to two sites on hla b27.1 at the mhc groove region (within sequence 65-85), and to a klebsiella pneumoniae nitrogenase reductase peptide (within sequence 181-199).74 overlapping peptides of varying lengths from klebsiella pneumoniae nitrogenase reductase (residues 181-199) and from the hla b27.1 molecule (residues 65-85) were synthesized and tested by elisa against sera from hla b27+ ankylosing spondylitis (as) patients, and sera from hla b27+ and hla b27- healthy first-degree relatives. antibody activity in as sera to klebsiella peptides of four to eight amino acids was maximal with the peptide nsrqtdr. activity to hla b27 peptides was maximal with the p ...19902185331
[what is your diagnosis? alveolar upper lobe pneumonia]. 19902185528
recovery of exponentially growing cultures of klebsiella pneumoniae ncib 418 after heat shocks.exponentially growing cultures of klebsiella pneumoniae were subjected to heat shocks in the superoptimal and supermaximal temperature ranges for growth on glucose in a defined mineral salts medium. transitory changes in the specific growth rate constant during recovery were evident. the response was heat shock temperature and exposure time dependent. cell viability determinations, based on colony counts, indicated complete recovery from heat treatments at superoptimal temperatures. in contrast, ...19902185712
klebsiella polysaccharide vaccines. 19902185788
recurrent respiratory infections in childhood: experience with a bacterial extract plus bacterial ribosomes (immucytal).a total of 60 children (mean age +/- sd 7.6 +/- 3.5 years, range 2 - 14.2 years) with recurrent respiratory infections were treated with bacterial wall extract plus bacterial ribosomes (immucytal) or placebo sprayed into the nostrils and oropharynx three times a day for 1 or 2-week periods over 3.5 months. the treatment was completed by 58 subjects; two patients in the placebo-treated group were withdrawn, one for poor compliance and the other because of headaches. respiratory symptoms improved ...19902185964
solubilization and reconstitution of the na(+)-dependent citrate carrier of klebsiella pneumoniae.the citrate carrier of klebsiella pneumoniae fermenting this substrate has been solubilized from the bacterial membranes with triton x-100. the transport function was reconstituted by incorporation of the carrier into proteoliposomes using a freeze-thaw sonication procedure. citrate uptake into these proteoliposomes required the presence of na+ ions on the outside; the amount of citrate accumulated increased as the external na+ concentration increased from 0 to 100 mm. proteoliposomes preloaded ...19902186025
activation of the klebsiella pneumoniae nifu promoter: identification of multiple and overlapping upstream nifa binding sites.the klebsiella pneumoniae nifu promoter is positively controlled by the nifa protein and requires a form of rna polymerase holoenzyme containing the rpon encoded sigma factor, sigma 54. occupancy of the k. pneumoniae nifu promoter by nifa was examined using in vivo dimethyl sulphate footprinting. three binding sites for nifa (upstream activator sequences, uass 1, 2 and 3) located at -125, -116 and -72 were identified which conform to the uas consensus sequence tgt-n10-aca. an additional nifa bin ...19902186362
the nucleotide sequence of ptsh gene from klebsiella pneumoniae. 19902186369
quinolone therapy of klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis following irradiation: comparison of pefloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin.exposure to whole-body irradiation is associated with fatal gram-negative sepsis. the effect of oral therapy with three quinolones, pefloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin, for orally acquired klebsiella pneumoniae infection was tested in b6d2f1 mice exposed to 8.0 gy whole-body irradiation from bilaterally positioned 60co sources. a dose of 10(8) organisms was given orally 2 days after irradiation, and therapy was started 1 day later. quinolones reduced colonization of the ileum with k. pneumo ...19902186431
dna sequence of a citrate carrier of klebsiella pneumoniae.the citrate transport determinant of plasmid pes1 from klebsiella pneumoniae [schwarz e. and d. oesterhelt (1985) em bo j. 4, 1599-1603] has been subcloned in escherichia coli dh1. the dna sequence of a 1723-base fragment that codes for the citrate carrier has been determined and the gene product has been characterized with the t7 promoter system. the dna fragment contains an open reading frame of 1332 base pairs and codes for a protein of 444 amino acids. the hydropathy profile suggests that th ...19902186908
importance of organisms producing broad-spectrum shv-group beta-lactamases into the united kingdom.we report the isolation of three strains of klebsiella pneumoniae sensu lato, brought into the united kingdom by patients from greece and egypt, that showed plasmid-determined resistance to ceftazidime. all three produced beta-lactamases shown by dna hybridisation studies to belong to the shv group. one produced an enzyme that appeared to be related to, but distinguishable from, shv-1; another shv-2 and the third shv-5.19902187011
altered virulence of gentamicin-resistant variants of klebsiella pneumoniae. 19902187015
electroporation and expression of plasmid pbr322 in klebsiella aerogenes nctc 418 and plasmid prk2501 in pseudomonas putida cym 318.klebsiella aerogenes nctc 418 and pseudomonas putida cym 318 were transformed via high-voltage electroporation with plasmids pbr322 and prk2501, respectively. the number of transformants obtained was dependent on the applied voltage, capacitance, and cell recovery procedure. for example, 7.87 x 10(4) transformants/micrograms dna were obtained at 2500 v, 25 muf when k. aerogenes cells were electroporated with pbr322 dna. a lower voltage (1500) and capacitance (3 muf) yielded 2.4 x 10(3) transform ...19902187074
production of escherichia coli-specific hybridomas by using gnotobiotic mice.monoclonal antibodies provide a rapid and specific means of direct detection of microorganisms in water and food samples. however, monoclonal antibodies specific for some bacteria are difficult to obtain; a good example of such a bacterium is escherichia coli. gnotobiotic balb/c mice immunized with whole-cell preparations of heat-treated strains of e. coli and subjected to high-frequency antigen injection showed a significant increase in the number of specific hybridomas produced. fusions obtain ...19902187413
quantification of multiple-substrate controlled growth--simultaneous ammonium and glucose limitation in chemostat cultures of klebsiella pneumoniae.in chemostat cultures of klebsiella pneumoniae (k. aerogenes) nctc 418 we measured the concentrations of glucose and ammonium and we varied the ratio of the (limiting) concentrations of glucose and ammonium in the feed medium. by doing this at different dilution rates we found a range where growth rate varies with either concentration in the culture when the other concentration in the culture is held constant. this proves that within this range, dual-substrate controlled growth occurs. dual subs ...19902187428
containment as a mechanism of nonspecific enhancement of defenses against bacterial infection.observations made during the study of nonspecific enhancement of antimicrobial host defenses permitted some physiologic dissection of the anatomic basis for normal protective processes. local growth of bacteria in the hind limb in muramyl dipeptide-treated mice was suppressed modestly, but lymphatic filtration was markedly improved, especially between the ipsilateral groin and iliac lymph nodes. spontaneous containment, when it occurred in saline-treated controls, proceeded similarly. certain re ...19902187809
candidal meningitis following bacterial meningitis.patients with bacterial meningitis and posttraumatic and/or postsurgical access to the csf are at risk for superinfection with candida species. patients who are not improving on appropriate antimicrobial chemotherapy for bacterial meningitis or are deteriorating after initial improvement should have a csf reexamination for candida superinfection.19902188372
[study on identification for the motility and flagella antigen of four international reference strains of escherichia coli].authors identified four strains of escherichia coli from collaborative centre for reference and research on escherichia coli-klebsiella (who) in denmark. our results were different from original record and reference. it was shown that strain h311b and h5 were motile strains, and its h antigen respectively is h11 and h27. the strain w27 is nonmotile. h antigen of the strain h511 is h40, not h8. antigen formula of four strains respectively is 26:60:11 (strain h311b), 81:97:27 (strain h5), 115:-:- ...19902188430
purification and characterization of urease from helicobacter pylori.urease was purified 112-fold to homogeneity from the microaerophilic human gastric bacterium, helicobacter pylori. the urease isolation procedure included a water extraction step, size exclusion chromatography, and anion exchange chromatography. the purified enzyme exhibited a km of 0.3 +/- 0.1 mm and a vmax of 1,100 +/- 200 mumols of urea hydrolyzed/min/mg of protein at 22 degrees c in 31 mm tris-hcl, ph 8.0. the isoelectric point was 5.99 +/- 0.03. molecular mass estimated for the native enzym ...19902188975
escherichia coli and klebsiella vaccines and immunotherapy.a polyvalent vaccine has been prepared from the capsular polysaccharide of 24 different serotypes of klebsiella spp. nearly 200 volunteers have received this vaccine. it is very well tolerated and elicits both binding (elisa) and functional antibody to 21 of 24 antigens. antibodies were also detected against 10 serotypes not included in the vaccine. an immunoglobulin for intravenous use (ivig) was more protective in mouse lethality assays and enhanced opsonophagocytic killing of bacteria more th ...19902189000
protective effect of recombinant human interleukin-2 against lethal infection caused by klebsiella pneumoniae.the effects of recombinant human interleukin-2 (ril-2) administered prophylactically on the death of cba/j mice challenged with klebsiella pneumoniae 27 intraperitoneally were examined. ril-2 administered subcutaneously at 20 micrograms per mouse for 7 days enhanced survival after a lethal challenge. the injection of anti-asialo gm1 antibody did not influence the effect of ril-2. in mice given ril-2, the number of peritoneal macrophages increased, and the infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukoc ...19902189060
characterization of autoantigens relevant to experimental autoimmune orchitis (eao) in mice immunized with a mixture of syngeneic testis homogenate and klebsiella o3 lipopolysaccharide.experimental autoimmune orchitis (eao) in mice has been induced by repeated injection of a mixture of syngeneic testis homogenate and klebsiella o3 lipopolysaccharide (ko3 lps) as a potent adjuvant. the antisera obtained from mice with eao lesions defined several antigens with apparent molecular weights (mw) of 38,000 (38 kd), 86 kd, 100 kd, and greater than 200 kd by the immunoblotting method. these antigens were organ-specific and exclusively present on the acrosome of spermatozoa, suggesting ...19902189433
Refresh
firstprev
...31323334353637383940...
nextlast
Displaying items 3201 - 3300 of 23254