Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| structure determination by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy: only the sky (and intrinsic disorder) is the limit. | traditionally, x-ray crystallography and nmr spectroscopy represent major workhorses of structural biologists, with the lion share of protein structures reported in protein data bank (pdb) being generated by these powerful techniques. despite their wide utilization in protein structure determination, these two techniques have logical limitations, with x-ray crystallography being unsuitable for the analysis of highly dynamic structures and with nmr spectroscopy being restricted to the analysis of ... | 2019 | 31461845 |
| applying the resource dispersion hypothesis to a fission-fusion society: a case study of the african lion (panthera leo). | the relationship between the spatiotemporal distribution of resources and patterns of sociality is widely discussed. while the resource dispersion hypothesis (rdh) was formulated to explain why animals sometimes live in groups from which they derive no obvious benefits, it has also been successfully applied to species that benefit from group living. some empirical tests have supported the rdh, but others have not, so conclusions remain equivocal and further research is required to determine the ... | 2019 | 31463008 |
| prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in lion-tailed macaque macaca silenus in central western ghats, india. | this study examines gastrointestinal parasites in the endangered lion-tailed macaque, which is sympatric with the bonnet macaque that has relocated from nearby towns or agriculture landscapes dominated by humans and livestock. one hundred and ninety-four fresh fecal samples from lion-tailed macaques were collected from a group located at chiksuli in the central western ghats. of these, 48.5% had at least one endoparasite taxon. the prevalence of endoparasites varied from 0 to 75.0%, and observed ... | 2019 | 31468227 |
| context dependency of top-down, bottom-up and density-dependent influences on cheetah demography. | research on drivers of demographic rates has mostly focused on top predators and their prey, and comparatively less research has considered the drivers of mesopredator demography. of those limited studies, most focused on top-down effects of apex predators on mesopredator population dynamics, whereas studies investigating alternative mechanisms are less common. in this study, we tested hypotheses related to top-down, bottom-up and density-dependent regulation of demographic rates in an imperille ... | 2020 | 31469173 |
| taphonomic bone trauma caused by southern african scavengers. | forensic anthropologists in southern africa are often confronted with post-mortem modifications of human skeletal remains caused by animal scavenging. this is troublesome as the post-mortem pseudo-trauma could be misinterpreted. this study aimed to describe the skeletal trauma caused by southern african scavengers which are of forensic interest. the scavenging animals selected for this study included wild dog, spotted hyena, lion, leopard, black-backed jackal, caracal, and porcupine housed at th ... | 2020 | 31471653 |
| in the lions' den: how chaplaincy can inform psychiatry. | 2019 | 31482395 | |
| spontaneous meningoencephalitis by staphylococcus aureus in an infant golden-headed lion tamarin (leontopithecus chrysomelas). | non-human primates are susceptible to many bacteria, some of which bear zoonotic potential. we report the pathologic features of spontaneous fulminating meningoencephalitis by staphylococcus aureus in a captive infant golden-headed lion tamarin (leontopithecus chrysomelas) from brazil. | 2019 | 31482588 |
| seal and sea lion whiskers detect slips of vortices similar as rats sense textures. | pinnipeds like seals and sea lions use their whiskers to hunt their prey in dark and turbid situations. there is currently no theoretical model or hypothesis to explain the interaction between whiskers and hydrodynamic fish trails. the current study, however, provides a theoretical and experimental insight into the mechanism behind the detection of the strouhal frequency from a von-karman vortex street, similar to that of the inverted hydrodynamic fish trail. herein the flow around a 3d printed ... | 2019 | 31488868 |
| organochlorine contaminant concentrations in blubber of young steller sea lion (eumetopias jubatus) are influenced by region, age, sex, and lipid stores. | contaminant exposure is particularly important for species and populations of conservation concern, such as the steller sea lion (eumetopias jubatus). we used blubber samples (n = 120) to determine organochlorine concentrations, including polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (ddts), and blood samples (n = 107) to estimate total body lipids based on the hydrogen isotope dilution method. we assessed the influence of age, sex, condition, and geographic area on cont ... | 2020 | 31494417 |
| yellow fever in brazil threatens successful recovery of endangered golden lion tamarins. | the golden lion tamarin is an endangered primate endemic to brazil's atlantic forest. centuries of deforestation reduced numbers to a few hundred individuals in isolated forest fragments 80 km from rio de janeiro city. intensive conservation action including reintroduction of zoo-born tamarins into forest fragments 1984-2000, increased numbers to about 3,700 in 2014. beginning in november 2016, southeastern brazil experienced the most severe yellow fever epidemic/epizootic in the country in 80 y ... | 2019 | 31506447 |
| neurological deficits in stranded california sea lions. | 2019 | 31519846 | |
| modeling larval dispersal for the gilthead seabream in the northwestern mediterranean sea. | to investigate dispersal and connectivity between spawning and lagoon nursery habitats of the gilthead seabream, sparus aurata, in the gulf of lions (northwestern mediterranean sea), we modeled the potential transport of the species' larvae between its supposed main spawning site in the region (the planier island) and two of its main local nursery areas (the coastal lagoons of thau and salses-leucate). passive larval drift simulations using a dispersal biophysical model showed a large variabilit ... | 2019 | 31522876 |
| preference of traditional bone setting and associated factors among trauma patients with fracture at black lion hospital in addis ababa, ethiopia: institution based cross sectional study. | despite the access and availability of modern health care, traditional bone setting (tbs) has a big place as alternative health care. hence, this study was aimed to assess the preference of traditional bone setting and associated factors among patients with a fracture. | 2019 | 31533796 |
| spatial partitioning by a subordinate carnivore is mediated by conspecific overlap. | there are several hypotheses that could explain territory size in mammals, including the resource dispersion hypothesis (rdh), the intruder pressure hypothesis (iph), and the intraguild predation hypothesis (igph). in this study, we tested predictions of these three hypotheses regarding territories of 19 packs of endangered african wild dogs (lycaon pictus) over 2 years in the kruger national park, south africa. if territory size was supported by the rdh, then we would observe (1) wild dog terri ... | 2019 | 31535256 |
| radiation-induced cystitis treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (rich-art): a randomised, controlled, phase 2-3 trial. | late radiation cystitis is an adverse effect of cancer treatment with radiotherapy in the pelvic region. symptoms of late radiation cystitis can be assessed with the expanded prostate index composite score (epic). previous reports indicate that hyperbaric oxygen therapy reduces symptoms from late radiation cystitis, but the evidence is predominantly based on non-randomised and retrospective studies. we aimed to assess whether hyperbaric oxygen therapy would mitigate symptoms of late radiation cy ... | 2019 | 31537473 |
| establishing a pediatric ophthalmology service in malawi: developments in childhood cataract surgery. | the purpose of this study is to report on the establishment of a pediatric ophthalmology service for malawi using childhood cataract surgery as a surrogate measure of its effectiveness. | 2020 | 31543664 |
| social contributions to the foraging behavior of young wild golden lion tamarins (leontopithecus rosalia): age-related changes and partner preferences. | in cooperatively breeding species, group members other than the parents contribute to the care of the young. the costs and benefits to caregiving may vary with the type of care provided and with caregiver characteristics such as age, sex, reproductive status, and foraging ability. here i examine the relative contributions of parents, helpers and same-aged twins to the foraging and feeding activities of the young in a longitudinal study of wild golden lion tamarins, specifically with regard to di ... | 2020 | 31552692 |
| semantic incongruency interferes with endogenous attention in cross-modal integration of semantically congruent objects. | efficient multisensory integration is often influenced by other cognitive processes including, but not limited to, semantic congruency and focused endogenous attention. semantic congruency can re-allocate processing resources to the location of a congruent stimulus, while attention can prioritize the integration of multi-sensory stimuli under focus. here, we explore the robustness of this phenomenon in the context of three stimuli, two of which are in the focus of endogenous attention. participa ... | 2019 | 31572138 |
| [are there still indications of lymph node dissection in epithelial ovarian cancers after the lion trial?] | in march 2019, harter et al. published the results of the lion study (lymphadenectomy in patients with advanced ovarian neoplasms) which raises the question of pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy for patients with advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (eoc). these results influenced the new french recommendations published in december 2018 by the french national cancer institute (inca). thus, it no longer seems consistent to perform a systematic lymphadenectomy for patients for whom there ... | 2020 | 31587803 |
| links between muscle phenotype and life history: differentiation of myosin heavy chain composition and muscle biochemistry in precocial and altricial pinniped pups. | in marine mammals, muscular development has been identified as a rate-limiting factor in achieving adult dive capacities. this study investigates the rate that myosin heavy chain (mhc) composition matures in a postural and locomotor skeletal muscle for four pinniped species with different lactation lengths: hooded seals, cystophora cristata; harp seals, pagophilus groenlandicus; northern fur seals, callorhinus ursinus, and steller sea lions, eumetopias jubatus. the ontogeny of mhc isoform expres ... | 2019 | 31616978 |
| ureaplasma miroungigenitalium sp. nov. isolated from northern elephant seals (mirounga angustirostris) and ureaplasma zalophigenitalium sp. nov. isolated from california sea lions (zalophus californianus). | novel ureaplasma strains have been isolated from the genital tract of both sexes of northern elephant seals (mirounga angustirostris; six strains) and california sea lions (zalophus californianus; five strains) stranded along the central california coast, usa. these strains were phenotypically and genetically characterized and compared to other seven known ureaplasma species. all novel ureaplasma strains hydrolysed urea, but did not metabolize arginine, and all were isolated and propagated using ... | 2020 | 31617839 |
| climate-driven changes in macrobenthic communities in the mediterranean sea: a 10-year study in the bay of banyuls-sur-mer. | marine ecosystems worldwide are affected by both natural variation and human activities; to disentangle and understand their individual role in influencing the macrobenthic community composition is challenging. the relationship between interannual variability in atmospheric circulation, dictated by the climatic oscillation indices, and the benthic macrofauna composition was assessed at four sampling sites located in the bay of banyuls-sur-mer (nw mediterranean sea). between 2004 and 2013, these ... | 2019 | 31624562 |
| canine distemper virus in asiatic lions of gujarat state, india. | in september 2018, an epizootic infection caused by canine distemper virus emerged in an asiatic lion population in india. we detected the virus in samples from 68 lions and 6 leopards by reverse transcription pcr. whole-genome sequencing analysis demonstrated the virus strain is similar to the proposed india-1/asia-5 strain. | 2019 | 31625861 |
| motion illusions as environmental enrichment for zoo animals: a preliminary investigation on lions (panthera leo). | investigating perceptual and cognitive abilities of zoo animals might help to improve their husbandry and enrich their daily life with new stimuli. developing new environmental enrichment programs and devices is hence necessary to promote species-specific behaviors that need to be maintained in controlled environments. as far as we are aware, no study has ever tested the potential benefits of motion illusions as visual enrichment for zoo animals. starting from a recent study showing that domesti ... | 2019 | 31636583 |
| borrowing from peter to pay paul: managing threatened predators of endangered and declining prey species. | conservation policy and practice can sometimes run counter to their mutual aims of ensuring species survival. in kenya, where threatened predators such as lion deplete endangered prey such as grevy's zebra, conservation practitioners seek to ensure species success through exclusive strategies of protection, population increase and preservation. we found strong selection for the endangered grevy's zebra by both lion and hyena on two small fenced conservancies in kenya. despite abundant diversity ... | 2019 | 31637142 |
| patterns of livestock depredation and cost-effectiveness of fortified livestock enclosures in northern tanzania. | human-carnivore conflicts and retaliatory killings contribute to carnivore populations' declines around the world. strategies to mitigate conflicts have been developed, but their efficacy is rarely assessed in a randomized case-control design. further, the economic costs prevent the adoption and wide use of conflict mitigation strategies by pastoralists in rural africa. we examined carnivore (african lion [panthera leo], leopard [panthera pardus], spotted hyena [crocuta crocuta], jackal [canis m ... | 2019 | 31641483 |
| regular exercise and the trajectory of health-related quality of life among taiwanese adults: a cohort study analysis 2006-2014. | physical activity is related to health-related quality of life, but little evidence from multiple waves of panel data in asian countries area available. this study aims to explore the impacts of different degree of regular exercise on the trajectories of physical and mental dimensions of health-related quality of life (hrqol) for community-dwelling taiwanese adults during 2006-2014. | 2019 | 31646989 |
| influence of multi-enzyme preparation supplemented with sodium butyrate on growth performance blood profiles and economic benefit of growing rabbits. | the present study was carried out to explore the impacts of dietary supplementation of enzyme mixture with sodium butyrate on the growth performance, carcass traits, blood profile and economic benefit in two breeds of weanling rabbits adapted to survive in egypt (new zealand white and rex). one-hundred and twenty weaned male rabbits (new zealand white and rex) of 6 weeks of age and 770.5 ± 20 g body weight were allotted randomly into four groups in a factorial arrangement. the obtained results i ... | 2020 | 31657058 |
| eco-epidemiological profile and molecular characterization of simian foamy virus in a recently-captured invasive population of leontopithecus chrysomelas (golden-headed lion tamarin) in rio de janeiro, brazil. | simian foamy viruses (sfv) infect a wide range of old world and neotropical primates (np). unlike old world primates, little is known about the diversity and prevalence of sfv in np, mainly from a free-living population. phylogenetic analyses have shown that sfv coevolved with their hosts. however, viral strains infecting leontopithecus chrysomelas did not behave as expected for this hypothesis. the purpose of this study was to determine the eco-epidemiological profile and molecular characteriza ... | 2019 | 31658739 |
| diagnosing glaucoma progression with visual field data using a spatiotemporal boundary detection method. | diagnosing glaucoma progression is critical for limiting irreversible vision loss. a common method for assessing glaucoma progression uses a longitudinal series of visual fields (vf) acquired at regular intervals. vf data are characterized by a complex spatiotemporal structure due to the data generating process and ocular anatomy. thus, advanced statistical methods are needed to make clinical determinations regarding progression status. we introduce a spatiotemporal boundary detection model that ... | 2019 | 31662589 |
| correlation-based ensemble feature selection using bioinspired algorithms and classification using backpropagation neural network. | a framework for clinical diagnosis which uses bioinspired algorithms for feature selection and gradient descendant backpropagation neural network for classification has been designed and implemented. the clinical data are subjected to data preprocessing, feature selection, and classification. hot deck imputation has been used for handling missing values and min-max normalization is used for data transformation. wrapper approach that employs bioinspired algorithms, namely, differential evolution, ... | 2019 | 31662787 |
| response of mustard microgreens to different wavelengths and durations of uv-a leds. | ultraviolet a (uv-a) light-emitting diodes (leds) could serve as an effective tool for improving the content of health-promoting bioactive compounds in plants in controlled-environment agriculture (cea) systems. the goal of this study was to investigate the effects of uv-a leds at different wavelengths (366, 390, and 402 nm) and durations (10 and 16 h) on the growth and phytochemical contents of mustard microgreens (brassica juncea l. cv. "red lion"), when used as supplemental light to the main ... | 2019 | 31681343 |
| multimodal lifestyle intervention using a web-based tool to improve cardiometabolic health in patients with serious mental illness: results of a cluster randomized controlled trial (lion). | unhealthy lifestyle behaviours contribute to alarming cardiometabolic risk in patients with serious mental illness (smi). evidence-based practical lifestyle tools supporting patients and staff in improving patient lifestyle are lacking. | 2019 | 31690281 |
| viral emergence in marine mammals in the north pacific may be linked to arctic sea ice reduction. | climate change-driven alterations in arctic environments can influence habitat availability, species distributions and interactions, and the breeding, foraging, and health of marine mammals. phocine distemper virus (pdv), which has caused extensive mortality in atlantic seals, was confirmed in sea otters in the north pacific ocean in 2004, raising the question of whether reductions in sea ice could increase contact between arctic and sub-arctic marine mammals and lead to viral transmission acros ... | 2019 | 31700005 |
| occurrence of tympanic bone spicules and bone crests in domestic cats. | small and hyperostotic tympanic bone spicules (stbs and htbs) extending from the tympanic wall or from the septum bullae into the tympanic cavity have been described in large feline species such as siberian tigers or african lions and in canids such as dogs, red foxes and wolves. detailed descriptions of prevalence, location and orientation were performed for dogs and african lions by means of necropsy and conventional computed tomography (cct). aims of the current study were to describe same ch ... | 2020 | 31702825 |
| carnivores, competition and genetic connectivity in the anthropocene. | current extinction rates are comparable to five prior mass extinctions in the earth's history, and are strongly affected by human activities that have modified more than half of the earth's terrestrial surface. increasing human activity restricts animal movements and isolates formerly connected populations, a particular concern for the conservation of large carnivores, but no prior research has used high throughput sequencing in a standardized manner to examine genetic connectivity for multiple ... | 2019 | 31705017 |
| severe sea lion bites in urban cold-water swimmers. | a series of sea lion bites in open-water swimmers recently gained the attention of the national and international media. pinniped (the clade including seals and sea lions) bites historically have been in people who hunt or handle marine mammals. as populations of humans and pinnipeds continue to grow, interactions with animals by those participating in recreational activities are likely to become more frequent. | 2019 | 31708308 |
| statistical study of the properties of magnetosheath lion roars. | lion roars are narrowband whistler wave emissions that have been observed in several environments, such as planetary magnetosheaths, the earth's magnetosphere, the solar wind, downstream of interplanetary shocks, and the cusp region. we present measurements of more than 30,000 such emissions observed by the magnetospheric multiscale spacecraft with high-cadence (8,192 samples/s) search coil magnetometer data. a semiautomatic algorithm was used to identify the emissions, and an adaptive interval ... | 2018 | 31709134 |
| coelogynopora schockaerti n. sp. (proseriata: coelogynoporidae), a remnant of a platyhelminth coldwater fauna in the northwestern mediterranean? | coelogynopora schockaerti n. sp. (proseriata: coelogynoporidae) is described from the northwestern gulf of lion, mediterranean. only a few representatives of this genus are reported from mediterranean marine sandy shores and only from the northwestern to central mediterranean, but all of these species also occur outside the mediterranean. so far, c. schockaerti n. sp. is the only species exclusively known from the mediterranean. the species is solely encountered in the gulf of lion, a coldwater ... | 2019 | 31719481 |
| comparative neocortical neuromorphology in felids: african lion, african leopard, and cheetah. | the present study examines cortical neuronal morphology in the african lion (panthera leo leo), african leopard (panthera pardus pardus), and cheetah (acinonyx jubatus jubatus). tissue samples were removed from prefrontal, primary motor, and primary visual cortices and investigated with a golgi stain and computer-assisted morphometry to provide somatodendritic measures of 652 neurons. although neurons in the african lion were insufficiently impregnated for accurate quantitative dendritic measure ... | 2020 | 31749162 |
| pup mortality in new zealand sea lions (phocarctos hookeri) at enderby island, auckland islands, 2013-18. | new zealand sea lions (phocarctos hookeri) are an endemic and endangered species. pup mortality at enderby island (50.5°s, 166.28°e) in the new zealand sub-antarctic has been well studied, with subsequent investigations yielding more intricate detail of the causes of mortality, as new diagnostic methods become available. klebsiella pneumoniae was first reported in 2001-02 at this site, causing a pup mortality epizootic and is now known to be present at several colonies. this bacterium is a commo ... | 2019 | 31751414 |
| diverged preferences towards sustainable development goals? a comparison between academia and the communication industry. | to understand how the sustainable development goals (sdgs) are involved and cited in different fields, the current study aimed to explore the key sdgs and sdg-pairs from the viewpoints of academia and the media. the academic publications with sdg(s)-related keywords in the scopus database and the entry videos of the "2018 sdg lions" were collected and analyzed through content and network analysis. it was found that sdg 3 and sdg 10 shared the highest preferences in both industries, but apparent ... | 2019 | 31752324 |
| spontaneous yawning and its potential functions in south american sea lions (otaria flavescens). | spontaneous yawning is a widespread behaviour in vertebrates. however, data on marine mammals are scarce. in this study, we tested some hypotheses on the functions of yawning in a captive group of south american sea lions (otaria flavescens). according to the dimorphism hypothesis, species showing low levels of sexual dimorphism in canine size do not show sex differences in yawning distribution; this was supported by our findings, since yawning did not differ between the sexes. yawning was more ... | 2019 | 31754256 |
| a multiobjective, lion mating optimization inspired routing protocol for wireless body area sensor network based healthcare applications. | the importance of body area sensor networks (basns) is increasing day by day because of their increasing use in internet of things (iot)-enabled healthcare application services. they help humans in improving their quality of life by continuously monitoring various vital signs through biosensors strategically placed on the human body. however, basns face serious challenges, in terms of the short life span of their batteries and unreliable data transmission, because of the highly unstable and unpr ... | 2019 | 31757104 |
| rare mummified lions add to egyptology buzz. | 2019 | 31772372 | |
| semen cryopreservation in golden-headed lion tamarin, leontopithecus chrysomelas. | wild animal genetic resource banking (grb) represents a valuable tool in conservation breeding programs, particularly in cases involving endangered species such as the golden-headed lion tamarin (leontopithecus chrysomelas). thus, we aimed to assess a sperm freezing protocol for golden-headed lion tamarins using two different exenders: botubov® (bb) and test yolk buffer® (tyb). ejaculates were collected by penile vibrostimulation from animals housed at são paulo zoological park foundation, são p ... | 2019 | 31788818 |
| [automated cell counting using "deep learning" in donor corneas from organ culture achieves high precision and accuracy]. | human corneal grafts from organ culture need to have more than 2000 endothelial cells/mm2 to be suitable for transplantation. measurement of the endothelial cell density is complicated by invisible cell borders in phase contrast microscopy, as well as by limited areas for counting due to folds in the descemet membrane of the swollen corneal grafts. to date, no automated counting method for measuring the endothelial cell density exists. the neuronal network u-net has already proven itself in auto ... | 2019 | 31805594 |
| occurrence of organic plastic additives in surface waters of the rhône river (france). | we present here a comprehensive study (1-year regular sampling) on the occurrence of major families of organic plastic additives in the rhône river surface waters. potential sources and contaminant export are also discussed. a total of 22 dissolved phase samples were analyzed for 22 organic additives mainly used in the plastic industry, including organophosphate esters (opes), phthalates (paes) and bisphenols (bps). our results indicate that paes were the most abundant class, with concentrations ... | 2020 | 31822360 |
| a pilot study for estimating the cardiopulmonary signals of diverse exotic animals using a digital camera. | monitoring the cardiopulmonary signal of animals is a challenge for veterinarians in conditions when contact with a conscious animal is inconvenient, difficult, damaging, distressing or dangerous to personnel or the animal subject. in this pilot study, we demonstrate a computer vision-based system and use examples of exotic, untamed species to demonstrate this means to extract the cardiopulmonary signal. subject animals included the following species: giant panda (ailuropoda melanoleuca), africa ... | 2019 | 31835550 |
| a comprehensive review of climate change impacts, adaptation, and mitigation on environmental and natural calamities in pakistan. | the devastations and damages caused by climate change are apparent across the globe, specifically in the south asian region where vulnerabilities to climate change among residents are high and climate change adaptation and mitigation awareness are extremely low. pakistan's low adaptive capacity due to high poverty rate, limited financial resources and shortage of physical resources, and continual extreme climatic events including varying temperature, continual flooding, melting glaciers, saturat ... | 2019 | 31844992 |
| principal component analysis applied directly to sequence matrix. | sequence data is now widely used to observe relationships among organisms. however, understanding structure of the qualitative data is challenging. conventionally, the relationships are analysed using a dendrogram that estimates a tree shape. this approach has difficulty in verifying the appropriateness of the tree shape; rather, horizontal gene transfers and mating can make the shape of the relationship as networks. as a connection-free approach, principal component analysis (pca) is used to su ... | 2019 | 31848355 |
| pathological findings and survey for pathogens associated with reproductive failure in perinatal steller sea lions eumetopias jubatus. | steller sea lions (ssls) eumetopias jubatus experienced a population decline in the 1960s, leading to the listing of the western stock as endangered and the eastern stock as threatened under the us endangered species act. a decrease of births in the western stock beginning in the late 1960s indicates that reproductive failure may have contributed to the decline. we evaluated the role pathogens play in spontaneous abortions, premature births and neonatal deaths in ssls. archived tissues from carc ... | 2019 | 31854331 |
| socially tolerant lions (panthera leo) solve a novel cooperative problem. | cooperative interactions vary in complexity. the emotional reactivity hypothesis posits that cooperative complexity is constrained by social intolerance. relaxed social constraints should thereby increase cooperative flexibility and have been proposed as a key step in cognitive evolution. lions (panthera leo) are an ideal candidate for investigating cooperative complexity and tolerance. lions regularly cooperate and their egalitarian social structure predicts high social tolerance. i used a food ... | 2020 | 31863257 |
| a novel conformable fractional non-homogeneous grey model for forecasting carbon dioxide emissions of brics countries. | nowadays, climate change is one of the most important global issues to the international community. and nearly thirty kinds of greenhouse gases have been found in the atmosphere, of which the carbon dioxide plays a crucial role. in this paper, the carbon dioxide emissions of brics (brazil, russia, india, china and south africa) countries are investigated by using a conformable fractional non-homogeneous grey model. the grey model is systematically studied based on the new definitions of the conf ... | 2020 | 31863989 |
| predator-informed looming stimulus experiments reveal how large filter feeding whales capture highly maneuverable forage fish. | the unique engulfment filtration strategy of microphagous rorqual whales has evolved relatively recently (<5 ma) and exploits extreme predator/prey size ratios to overcome the maneuverability advantages of swarms of small prey, such as krill. forage fish, in contrast, have been engaged in evolutionary arms races with their predators for more than 100 million years and have performance capabilities that suggest they should easily evade whale-sized predators, yet they are regularly hunted by some ... | 2020 | 31871184 |
| red oak seedlings as indicators of deer browse pressure: gauging the outcome of different white-tailed deer management approaches. | after decades of high deer populations, north american forests have lost much of their previous biodiversity. any landscape-level recovery requires substantial reductions in deer herds, but modern societies and wildlife management agencies appear unable to devise appropriate solutions to this chronic ecological and human health crisis. we evaluated the effectiveness of fertility control and hunting in reducing deer impacts at cornell university. we estimated spring deer populations and planted q ... | 2019 | 31871631 |
| positive reinforcement conditioning as a tool for frequent minimally invasive blood and vaginal swab sampling in african lions (panthera leo). | information regarding the physiology of african lions is scarce, mainly due to challenges associated with essential routine research procedures. the aim of this experiment was to test the possibility of training six captive lionesses by positive reinforcement conditioning (prc) to voluntarily allow the collection of vaginal swabs and blood samples. this was done with the final goal of avoiding frequent anesthesia, and potentially stressful management during reproduction research. all lionesses m ... | 2020 | 31884823 |
| genome sequencing of mycobacterium pinnipedii strains: genetic characterization and evidence of superinfection in a south american sea lion (otaria flavescens). | mycobacterium pinnipedii, a member of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc), is capable of infecting several host species, including humans. recently, ancient dna from this organism was recovered from pre-columbian mummies of peru, sparking debate over the origin and frequency of tuberculosis in the americas prior to european colonization. | 2019 | 31888476 |
| economic analysis of intermittent intravenous outpatient treatment with levosimendan in advanced heart failure in spain. | advanced heart failure (hf) leads to high hospitalization and mortality rates. the lion-heart study was a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial that evaluated the safety and efficacy of intravenous administration of intermittent doses of levosimendan in outpatients with advanced hf. the aim of the present study was to perform a cost analysis to determine whether the lower rate of hospitalizations for hf, observed in patients treated with levosimendan in the lion-heart study, can generate ... | 2020 | 31899185 |
| habitat and the evolution of social and reproductive behavior in callitrichidae. | the numerous remarkable traits characterizing the ecology and behavior of callitrichids have inspired considerable research and discussion of the flexible mating system (cases of monogamy, polygyny, and polyandry), cooperative breeding, reproductive inhibition by dominant females, rapid reproductive rate, significance of dietary differences (gum feeding, frugivory, and insectivory), and demographics and social characteristics of the four genera, cebuella, callithrix, saguinus, and leontopithecus ... | 1996 | 31914713 |
| immigration in wild groups of golden lion tamarins (leontopithecus rosalia). | seventeen territorial groups of wild golden lion tamarins were monitored for periods of 10-76 months. immigration into established groups was rare (0.48 immigrating individuals per group per year) and occurred mostly in the context of replacement of breeding individuals. nonreplacement immigration events usually occurred in conjunction with some other change in group composition (e.g., an emigration or another immigration). aggression by resident tamarins toward potential immigrants appeared to ... | 1996 | 31914716 |
| long live the king: chromosome-level assembly of the lion (panthera leo) using linked-read, hi-c, and long-read data. | the lion (panthera leo) is one of the most popular and iconic feline species on the planet, yet in spite of its popularity, the last century has seen massive declines for lion populations worldwide. genomic resources for endangered species represent an important way forward for the field of conservation, enabling high-resolution studies of demography, disease, and population dynamics. here, we present a chromosome-level assembly from a captive african lion from the exotic feline rescue center (c ... | 2020 | 31915011 |
| species-specific differences in toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum and besnoitia besnoiti seroprevalence in namibian wildlife. | knowledge about parasitic infections is crucial information for animal health, particularly of free-ranging species that might come into contact with livestock and humans. | 2020 | 31915056 |
| peste des petits ruminants in large ruminants, camels and unusual hosts. | since its first report in 1942, peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (pprv) has caused several epidemics in a wide range of susceptible hosts around the world. in the last 30 years, the evidence of natural and experimental infections and virus isolation were reported from novel but unusual hosts such as camel, cattle, buffalo, dogs, asiatic lion and pigs. in addition, pprv in a potential vector, biting midges (culicoides imicola), has been reported. either presented as clinical and/or subclinical in ... | 2020 | 31917649 |
| reproduction in captive lion tamarins (leontopithecus): seasonality, infant survival, and sex ratios. | diversity in reproductive and social systems characterizes the primate family callitrichidae. this paper contributes to our appreciation of this diversity by presenting the first detailed comparative analysis of captive breeding in three species of lion tamarins (leontopithecus chrysomelas, l. chrysopygus, and l. rosalia) housed at the centro de primatologia do rio de janeiro. the annual pattern of reproduction in all three species of leontopithecus was markedly seasonal, with births occurring d ... | 1996 | 31918488 |
| flowfields produced by a robotic sea lion foreflipper starting from rest. | sea lions swim using primarily their foreflippers, which is uncommon among aquatic mammals. while a significant body of literature exists which investigates the hydrodynamics of body-caudal swimming, relatively little research has looked at sea lion propulsion. in this work, particle imaging velocimetry is used to observe the flow around a robotic model sea lion flipper. the model flipper was cast in silicone from a high-resolution scan of a sample sea lion foreflipper. the model flipper was act ... | 2020 | 31923905 |
| correlates of molt in golden lion tamarins (leontopithecus rosalia). | in this paper we describe the timing and correlates of molt for a native population of golden lion tamarins (leontopithecus rosalia). we conducted 820 examinations of 267 adult tamarins over a 7.75 year period to determine the annual molting cycle in this population. dorsal molt was an annual event for most individuals in the study population; however, 10% of sampled individuals apparently molted twice in a 12 month period. duration of molt was estimated at 5-6 weeks. the proportion of samples i ... | 1995 | 31924096 |
| review of canine distemper vaccination use and safety in north american captive large felids (panthera spp.) from 2000 to 2017. | data on canine distemper virus (cdv) vaccination were collected on 812 large felids (351 tigers, panthera tigris; 220 lions, panthera leo; 143 snow leopards, panthera uncia; 50 leopards, panthera pardus; and 48 jaguars, panthera onca) from 48 institutions to assess vaccine use and safety. the documented individual vaccination events with multiple products numbered 2,846. canarypox-vectored cdv vaccines were the most commonly used vaccines (96.3% of all vaccinations) and the purevax® ferret diste ... | 2020 | 31926507 |
| xanthine nephrolithiasis in juvenile captive giant otters (pteronura brasiliensis). | nephrolithiasis has been reported in several aquatic mammals including bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus), small clawed otters (amblonyx cinereus), european river otters (lutra lutra), north american river otters (lontra canadensis), northern elephant seals (mirounga angustirostris), florida manatees (trichechus manatus latirostris), and california sea lions (zalophus californianus). compositions of calculi in previous cases were predominantly calcium oxalate or ammonium acid urate. xanthi ... | 2020 | 31926528 |
| a lion with only two legs. | 2020 | 31931146 | |
| from peruvian mummies to living humans: first case of pulmonary tuberculosis caused by mycobacterium pinnipedii. | the zoonotic potential of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex species is well known. however, m. pinnipedii, the causative agent of tuberculosis (tb) predominantly in seals and sea lions, has never been isolated from a respiratory specimen in humans. here we describe the first known human case of pulmonary tb caused by m. pinnipedii in a 79-year-old female patient with rheumatoid arthritis and chronic respiratory disease. the epidemiological data did not explain where the patient was exposed to m ... | 2019 | 31931912 |
| predation on a yellow baboon (papio cynocephalus cynocephalus) by a lioness in the tana river national primate reserve, kenya. | predation on an adult female yellow baboon (papio cynocephalus cynocephalus) by a lioness is reported. this predation occurred in full daylight within 10 m of the observer. the high incidence of disappearances of adult females from the study troop during a one-year period is reported and the potential long-term demographic effects upon the troop resulting from this one year's high number of disappearances discussed. these disappearances may be due to predation. we suggest that lion predation upo ... | 1994 | 31936928 |
| seasonal variation in reproduction, juvenile growth, and adult body mass in golden lion tamarins (leontopithecus rosalia). | data on the ecology, demography, and morphology of 465 golden lion tamarins in 22 wild groups suggest that avoidance of reproduction and weaning of infants during the dry season shaped the pattern of female reproduction. post-partum estrus may have evolved to allow females to produce and wean two successive litters during the 7-month season of abundant food resources. support for these hypotheses includes observations that nearly all births, lactation, and weaning of infants occurred during the ... | 1994 | 31936971 |
| extended postpregnancy estrous cycles in fernale lion-tailed macaques. | past studies of female primate reproduction have focused on regularly cycling females, and thus the reproductive characteristics of females in other reproductive states (e.g., pregnant, or lactating) have rarely been investigated. in this study, data were collected on estrous swellings and sexual and proceptive behavior in six female lion-tailed macaques during recovery from lactational amenorrhea for the first three to five postpregnancy cycles. for these females, the length of the first lactat ... | 1993 | 31936989 |
| food sharing in lion tamarins: tests of three hypotheses. | infant marmosets and tamarins (callitrichidae) frequently receive food from older group members. three possible functions of food sharing in lion tamarins were examined experimentally. the first hypothesis, that food sharing ensures that infants receive sufficient food even if it is difficult for them to acquire it themselves, was tested by varying the ease with which infants could reach a food source. when access to food was restricted, infants fed themselves less, received more food from other ... | 1993 | 31936996 |
| lions eat chimpanzees: the first evidence of predation by lions on wild chimpanzees. | no report has confirmed predation on wild chimpanzees by lions. recently, at least two lions visited the mahale mountains national park, tanzania. chimpanzee remains, including hairs, bones, and a tooth, were found in four samples of lion feces between june and september 1989. the discovery of each fecal sample, widely separated in time, combined with analyses of daily attendance records and fecal contents, suggests that at least four chimpanzees, including two adult females, an old adolescent m ... | 1993 | 31941199 |
| behavioral contrasts between male cynomolgus and lion-tailed macaques. | evidence indicates that primate species differ not only in social structure and concordant social propensities, but also in their approach toward novel objects, environments, and procedures. these differences in response dispositions have been described as being based on differences in characteristic stances toward the environment, also called temperaments. this report extends previous comparative primate research by describing behavioral contrasts observed among males of two macaque species, li ... | 1993 | 31941200 |
| urinary and plasma gonadotropin concentrations in golden lion tamarins (leontopithecus r. rosalia). | this paper describes the development and validation of a plasma and urinary gonadotropin immunoassay for golden lion tamarins (leontopithecus rosalia), an endangered new world callitrichid primate. the assay is derived from a macaque chorionic gonadotropin assay and was validated for both plasma and urine samples in l. rosalia. levels of immunoreactive lh/cg in lion tamarin urine were highly correlated (r = + 0.98) with gonadotropin bioactivity. immunoreactive lh/cg levels were examined in two c ... | 1992 | 31948167 |
| reproduction of the emperor tamarin (saguinus imperator) in captivity, with comparisons to cotton-top and golden lion tamarins. | little information has been published on the reproductive biology and behavior of the emperor tamarin (saguinus imperator). we analyzed twelve years of data on emperor tamarins at the los angeles zoo and made comparisons with data on cotton-top tamarins (saguinus o. oedipus) and golden lion tamarins (leontopithecus rosalia) from the same collection. secondary sex ratios did not differ significantly from 50:50. births were not strictly seasonal for any species. the number of infants reared had a ... | 1992 | 31948169 |
| sex differences in vocal structure in a callitrichid primate, leontopithecus rosalia. | four types of calls (long calls, chirps, chucks, and trills) from golden lion tamarins (leontopithecus rosalia) were analyzed for sex differences in structure. six or more acoustic variables were analyzed for each call type. one or more variables from each call category differed significantly between the sexes. in addition, discriminant function analyses were conducted on male vs. female data for each call type. long calls, chirps, and chucks from males and females were quite discriminable, but ... | 1990 | 31963969 |
| the reproductive status of nonbreeding group members in captive golden lion tamarin social groups. | reproductive activity is limited to only one female in many species of callitrichid primates (marmosets and tamarins): daughters and subordinate females do not produce offspring. a suppression of ovulatory cyclicity is responsible for the lack of reproductive activity in three species of callitrichids studied to date. this study evaluated the endocrine status of golden lion tamarins (leontopithecus rosalia) housed as daughters or sons in family groups and of individuals housed in isosexual peer ... | 1989 | 31964044 |
| improvement in survivorship: the key for population recovery? | maría florencia grandi, silvana l. dans, and enrique a. crespo (2016) in northern patagonia, commercial harvesting of south american sea lions, otaria flavescens, from 1920 to 1960, decimated its population abundance. population recovery was not immediate after hunting ceased in 1962. the population was stable until 1989, and since then has grown at an annual rate of increase of 5.7%. along with this growth there was an increase of the juvenile fraction and changes in the social composition of c ... | 2016 | 31966154 |
| how to manage lymph nodes in ovarian cancer. | the indication for staging lymphadenectomy in patients with ovarian cancer (both early- and late-stage disease) has been a major topic of debate in the last decades. because the lymphadenectomy in ovarian neoplasms (lion) study has recently demonstrated that systematic lymphadenectomy is not beneficial to patients with advanced ovarian cancer, the discussion has become more complex for patients with early-stage ovarian cancer. further factors, such as differences in the lymph node metastasis rat ... | 2019 | 31967675 |
| metal-organic frameworks via emissive metal-carboxylate zwitterion intermediates. | this month's cover is dedicated to the golden anniversary of singapore by the collaborating groups of wen-hua zhang of the imre, singapore, and t. s. andy hor of the nus, singapore, and two more groups from monash university, malaysia, and soochow university, p. r. china. in the cover picture the number "50" commemorates the 50th anniversary of singapore, the lion city. the photo on the top-right corner shows the modern skyline of singapore. underneath are the structures described in this articl ... | 2015 | 31973288 |
| synchronization of ovarian cycles within and between social groups in golden lion tamarins (leontopithecus rosalia). | synchronization of ovarian events has been reported in a number of primate species, with the temporal resolution of synchrony ranging from the occurrence of seasonal breeding within the annual cycle to a close matching of ovarian events within a single ovarian cycle. however, ovarian synchrony has not been reported in a new world primate. the temporal association of ovarian events was examined in female golden lion tamarins (leontopithecus rosalia) living in the same or different social groups. ... | 1987 | 31973490 |
| manipulation of objects in a captive group of lion-tailed macaques (macaca silenus). | the purpose of this study was to investigate the manipulative propensities of a captive group of lion-tailed macaques (macaca silenus). simple natural objects (browse and bamboo poles) were provided regularly in the home cage. findings indicate richness in the frequency and form of manipulative activities, with juvenile males manipulating the test objects more frequently and exhibiting more goal-directed manipulative activity than adult females. a variety of goal-directed manipulative activities ... | 1987 | 31973501 |
| long-call structure and its relation to taxonomy in lion tamarins. | recent evidence on craniodental morphology suggests the acceptance of three species of lion tamarins (leontopithecus). confirmatory evidence is presented here using the morphology of long-call vocalizations recorded from several individuals of each type of lion tamarin. recordings were made of leontopicthecus rosalia, leontopithecus chrysopygus, and leontopithecus chrysomelas at the centro de primatologia do rio de janeiro (feema) and of l. rosalia at monkey jungle in florida. thirty separate pa ... | 1986 | 31979452 |
| reproductive cycle stage assessment using vaginal cytology evaluation in african lions (panthera leo). | vaginal cytology evaluation is an economic, non-invasive technique for indirect monitoring of fluctuations in estrogen concentrations, and thus progression of the estrous cycle. this technique is widely used in domestic dogs for determining timing of artificial insemination. there, however, are only a few reports on the vaginal cytology of non-domestic felids, including lions. this study was conducted, therefore, to describe the vaginal epithelial changes throughout the reproductive cycle of afr ... | 2020 | 31987320 |
| interspecies comparison of the residue levels and profiles of persistent organic pollutants in terrestrial top predators. | serum samples from three species of living terrestrial top predators were analysed for six groups of persistent organic pollutants (pops), such as polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (ddts), chlordane compounds (chls), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (hchs), hexachlorobenzene (hcb) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes). the study included three carnivore species: lion (panthera leo), hyena (hyena brunnea) and cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). all sa ... | 2020 | 32006764 |
| sediment interval velocities from a monostatic multibeam sonar. | interval velocities for marine sediments are generally obtained from source-receiver separations at various offsets. a method is described for estimating interval velocities using a monostatic configuration. testing is performed using simulated data from rough layered seabeds and interval velocity is estimated within less than 1% of the true value. monostatic multibeam data from the gulf of lion are also presented which exhibit many characteristics similar to the simulated data. the method appli ... | 2020 | 32007022 |
| keratin 12 mrna expression could serve as an early corneal marker for limbal explant cultures. | this investigation aimed to identify early corneal marker and conjunctival epithelial differentiation through transcriptional analysis of limbal explant cultures and study early differentiation patterns of known corneal and conjunctival differentiation markers. 2 mm punch biopsies of limbal region were obtained from 6 donors of the lions cornea bank saar-lorloux/trier-westpfalz. limbal explants were dissected into corneal and conjunctival biopsy sections. biopsies were placed with epithelial sid ... | 2020 | 32016711 |
| detection, genetic, and codon usage bias analyses of the vp2 gene of mink bocavirus. | mink bocavirus 1 (mibov1), a novel virus detected from the feces of domestic minks in china in 2016, may be related to gastrointestinal diseases. however, its prevalence and genetic characteristics are poorly described. in this study, we examined 192 samples collected from minks in the major mink industry province from northern china. pcr results showed that 10 samples (5.2%) were positive for mibov1, and 60% of mibov1-positive samples were co-infected with aleutian mink disease virus or mink ci ... | 2020 | 32020392 |
| lymphadenectomy in ovarian cancer: is it still justified? | the aim of this review is to determine, in the light of recent evidences, the role of lymphadenectomy in ovarian cancer. | 2020 | 32036457 |
| long-term dynamic topographic support during post-orogenic crustal thinning revealed by stable isotope (δ18o) paleo-altimetry in eastern pyrenees. | understanding the geodynamic and earth surface processes at the origin of post-collisional surface uplift in mountain ranges requires reconstruction of paleo-elevation. here, we focus on the topographic evolution of the cerdanya basin in the eastern pyrenees formed by post-orogenic extension during the late miocene. stable isotope (δ18o) analyses of small rodent teeth and biogenic carbonates show the basin uplifted by 500 m since 6.5 ma. these new paleoaltitudes constraints when combined with th ... | 2020 | 32041988 |
| successful unilateral vasectomy reversal in a lion (panthera leo). | in 2016, the veterinarian team of buin zoo in chile decided to try to increase the lion population. at that time, the zoo had three lions; two females and one male. the 9-year-old male had been vasectomized 5 years ago at the same institution for birth control. considering the fact that in humans, vasectomy reversal has excellent reproductive outcomes, a team of human urologists, highly experienced in vasectomy reversal was contacted to perform the procedure. | 2020 | 32042653 |
| genome-wide association analysis reveals key genes responsible for egg production of lion head goose. | the lion head goose is one of the most important agricultural resources in china; however, its breeding process is relatively slow. in the present study, a genome-wide association study was performed for the genetic selection of egg production characters in lion head geese. we detected 30 single-nucleotide polymorphisms located in or near 30 genes that might be associated with egg production character, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to verify their expression level ... | 2019 | 32047514 |
| microplastic fluxes in a large and a small mediterranean river catchments: the têt and the rhône, northwestern mediterranean sea. | this paper aims at quantifying current riverine fluxes of microplastics (mps) in two mediterranean river catchments, a large one and a small one, namely the rhône and the têt, which are discharging to the gulf of lion in the northwestern mediterranean sea. mp fluxes change markedly through time and space in both river systems. however, no clear relationships between mp concentrations and hydroclimatic conditions have been observed. in the rhône river a non-linear dilution pattern of mps in total ... | 2020 | 32059309 |
| can an herbivore affect where a top predator kills its prey by modifying woody vegetation structure? | in large mammal communities, little is known about modification of interspecific interactions through habitat structure changes. we assessed the effects of african elephants (loxodonta africana) on features of woody habitat structure that can affect predator-prey interactions. we then explored how this can influence where african lions (panthera leo) kill their prey. indeed, lions are stalk-and-ambush predators and habitat structure and concealment opportunities are assumed to influence their hu ... | 2020 | 32060732 |
| characterization of the phylogenetic diversity of two novel species belonging to the genus bifidobacterium: bifidobacterium cebidarum sp. nov. and bifidobacterium leontopitheci sp. nov. | two bifidobacterium strains, i.e., 2176bt and 2177bt, were isolated from golden-headed lion tamarin (leontopithecus chrysomelas) and goeldi's monkey (callimico goeldii). isolates were shown to be gram-positive, non-motile, non-sporulating, facultative anaerobic and d-fructose 6-phosphate phosphoketolase-positive. phylogenetic analyses based on 16s rrna sequences, multilocus sequences (including hsp60, rpob, dnaj, dnag and clpc genes) and the core genome revealed that bifidobacterial strains 2176 ... | 2020 | 32065574 |
| acoustic structure of long calls in free-ranging groups of golden lion tarnarins, leontopithecus rosalia. | like many other callitrichids, golden lion tamarins, leontopithecus rosalia, emit long calls. recordings of four free-ranging groups were made to explore different types of long calls. three long call types were identified acoustically, and analyzed sonographically. the calls usually started with an introductory syllable (a chirp, a trill, or a whine) which was followed by either one, two, or three different phrases in a fixed sequential order. each of the three phrases was unique and contained ... | 1994 | 32070073 |