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potential phytoavailability of anthropogenic cobalt in soils as measured by isotope dilution techniques.isotope dilution is a useful technique to determine the potential phytoavailability of an element in soil. this method involves equilibrating an isotope with soil and then sampling the labile metal pool by analysis of the soil solution (e value) or plants growing in the soil (l value). the work reported here was conducted to evaluate the distribution coefficient (kd), and the potential phytoavailability (e value) of cobalt (co) in eight soils subjected to the atmospheric deposition of anthropoge ...200818762325
microdissection of additional chromosome in common wheat-th. intermedium tai-27 and screening of its special probe.it was identified that there were 4 st chromosomes derived from th. intermedium in common wheat-th. intermedium alien additional line tai-27 by in situ hybridization. two st chromosomes added to wheat chromosome in tai-27 as well as two of them replaced two of 42 in wheat chromosomes. this indicates that tai-27 is not only an alien additional line, but also a replacing line. the additional chromosomes in tai-27 were microdissected and a microcloning library was constructed. a special probe of th ...200018763122
asymmetric somatic hybridization between wheat (triticum aestivum) and avena sativa l.protoplasts from cell suspensions ofyoung-embryo-derived calli, which were nonregenerable for long-term subculture and protoplasts from embryogenic calli with the regeneration capacity of 75% ofthe same wheat jinan 177, were mixed as recipient. protoplasts from embryogenic calli of avena sativa (with the regeneration capacity ofless than 10%) irradiated with uv at an intensity of 300 muw/cm(2) for 30 s, 1 min, 2 min, 3 min, 5 min were used as the donor. protoplasts ofthe recipient and the donor ...200318763139
effect of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate on the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings.although many studies describe ionic liquids (ils) as potentially greener solvents, few studies address their relationship with the environment. recent researches suggest that some ils have toxicity. 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([c4mim][bf4]) was reported to have the lowest toxicity among ils. in this work, we studied the toxicity of this il on wheat seedlings. it was shown that wheat germination was reduced to 38.0% in the presence of 4.4 mmol/l [c4mim][bf4] compared with 100% ...200918767141
[the effect of low temperature on the microtubules in root meristem cells of spring and winter cultivars of wheat triticum aestivum l].we have studied the response of the interphase and mitotis microtubule arrays in root meristem cells of spring and winter cultivars of wheat triticum aestivum l. (moskovskaya 35 and moskovskaya 39) during cold stress (1 h at 0 degrees c) and acclimation to cold (3-48 h at 0 degrees c). our data show that interphase microtubules are more resistant to cold than mitotic arrays in both cultivars. during cold stress the density of endoplasmic microtubules increases in interphase cells of winter plant ...200818771175
development of triticum turgidum subsp. durum--aegilops longissima amphiploids with high iron and zinc content through unreduced gamete formation in f1 hybrids.four different interspecific hybrids involving three different accessions of aegilops longissima schweinf. & muschl. with high grain iron and zinc content and three triticum turgidum l. subsp. durum (desf.) husn. cultivars with low micronutrient content were made for durum wheat biofortification and investigated for chromosome pairing, fertility, putative amphiploidy, and micronutrient content. the chromosome pairing in the 21-chromosome f1 hybrids (absl) consisted of 0-6 rod bivalents and occas ...200818772954
genetics of leaf and stripe rust resistance in a bread wheat cultivar tonichi. 200818776651
[two-dimensional electrophoresis on anther total proteins of male sterility induced by chemical hybridizing agent and heredity type in wheat].the isonucleus-allocytoplasmic materials ms(s)-xinong 1376, (a)-xinong 1376, and ms(a)-xinong 1376 were used to investigate the protein expression profile in mononucleated anaphase anthers of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) after silver staining and analysis by pdquest software. about 320 to 350 distinct protein spots were detected reproducibly. the results indicated that there were some difference in the protein quantity between the two sterile lines and the maintainer line. several specific spots ...200818779159
dynamics and differential proliferation of transposable elements during the evolution of the b and a genomes of wheat.transposable elements (tes) constitute >80% of the wheat genome but their dynamics and contribution to size variation and evolution of wheat genomes (triticum and aegilops species) remain unexplored. in this study, 10 genomic regions have been sequenced from wheat chromosome 3b and used to constitute, along with all publicly available genomic sequences of wheat, 1.98 mb of sequence (from 13 bac clones) of the wheat b genome and 3.63 mb of sequence (from 19 bac clones) of the wheat a genome. anal ...200818780739
nitrate supply induces changes in polyamine content and ethylene production in wheat plants grown with ammonium.in order to explore the mechanisms of nitrate's beneficial effect on ammonium-grown plants, we investigated the effects of nitrate on free and conjugated polyamine plant content and ethylene biosynthesis in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants grown with ammonium nutrition. two different doses of nitrate (100 microm and 5 mm) were supplied to ammonium-fed plants, in order to determine whether the effects of nitrate require significant doses (nutritional character), or can be promoted by very low ...200918790547
co-ordinated expression of amino acid metabolism in response to n and s deficiency during wheat grain filling.increasing demands for productivity together with environmental concerns about fertilizer use dictate that the future sustainability of agricultural systems will depend on improving fertilizer use efficiency. characterization of the biological processes responsible for efficient fertilizer use will provide tools for crop improvement under reduced inputs. transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches were used to study the impact of nitrogen (n) and sulphur (s) deficiency on n and s remobilization fr ...200818791197
orf260cra, a novel mitochondrial gene, is associated with the homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structures (pistillody) in alloplasmic wheat.homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structures (pistillody) can occur in cytoplasmic substitution (alloplasmic) lines of bread wheat (triticum aestivum) that have the cytoplasm of the related species, aegilops crassa. previously we showed that pistillody results from altered patterns of expression of class b mads-box genes mediated by mitochondrial gene(s) in the ae. crassa cytoplasm. the wheat cultivar chinese spring does not show pistillody when ae. crassa cytoplasm is introduc ...200818794174
new dna markers for high molecular weight glutenin subunits in wheat.end-use quality is one of the priorities of modern wheat (triticum aestivum l.) breeding. even though quality is a complex trait, high molecular weight (hmw) glutenins play a major role in determining the bread making quality of wheat. dna markers developed from the sequences of hmw glutenin genes were reported in several previous studies to facilitate marker-assisted selection (mas). however, most of the previously available markers are dominant and amplify large dna fragments, and thus are not ...200818797838
dynamics of light and nitrogen distribution during grain filling within wheat canopy.in monocarpic species, during the reproductive stage the growing grains represent a strong sink for nitrogen (n) and trigger n remobilization from the vegetative organs, which decreases canopy photosynthesis and accelerates leaf senescence. the spatiotemporal distribution of n in a reproductive canopy has not been described in detail. here, we investigated the role of the local light environment on the spatiotemporal distribution of leaf lamina n mass per unit leaf area (sln) during grain fillin ...200818799664
characterization of the taaidfa gene encoding a crt/dre-binding factor responsive to drought, high-salt, and cold stress in wheat.dehydration responsive element-binding factors (dbfs) belong to the ap2/erf superfamily and play vital regulatory roles in abiotic stress responses in plants. in this study, we isolated three novel homologs of the dbf gene family in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by screening a drought-induced cdna library and designated them as taaidfs (t. aestivum abiotic stress-induced dbfs). compared to taaidfb and taaidfc, taaidfa lacks a short ser/thr-rich region, a putative phosphorylation site, following t ...200818800227
[evolution characteristics of flag leaf photosynthesis and grain yield of wheat cultivars bred in different years].taking six winter wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars, i. e., 'wangshuibai' and 'bima 1' bred in 1950s, 'zhengyin 1' and 'yangmai 1' bred in 1970s, and 'yumai 34' and 'ningmai 9' bred in 1990s, as test materials, field experiments were conducted to study the evolution characteristics of their flag leaf photosynthesis and grain yield. the results showed that compared with those bred in 1950s and 1970s, the cultivars bred in 1990s had higher chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate (pn), ps ii ...200818808017
[toxic effect of musk ketone based on the determinations of wheat (triticum aestivum) seed germination and root elongation].through the determinations of wheat (triticum aestivum) seed germination and seedling growth, the toxic effect of emerging pollutant musk ketone was investigated. the results showed that 10 mg x kg(-1) of musk ketone could significantly inhibit the seed germination rate (p < 0. 05) and the seedling's root- and shoot elongation of wheat (p <0.01), and there existed a significant (p < 0.01) dose-effect relationship between musk ketone and root- and shoot elongation, suggesting that the seedling's ...200818808038
detection of high molecular weight glutenin subunits in triticale (x triticosecale wittm.) cultivars by capillary zone electrophoresis.an improved method for separating and characterizing high molecular weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gs) in hexaploid triticale by capillary zone electrophoresis (cze) was developed. a low-concentrate mixture of hydrophilic polymers, poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (pvp) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (hpmc), in an isoelectric buffer was employed for dynamic coating of the capillary inner wall. in separation buffer pvp with lower concentrated poly(ethylene oxide) (peo) was replaced. the cze electropherogr ...200818808142
heat stress-responsive transcriptome analysis in heat susceptible and tolerant wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by using wheat genome array.wheat is a major crop in the world, and the high temperature stress can reduce the yield of wheat by as much as 15%. the molecular changes in response to heat stress are poorly understood. using genechip wheat genome array, we analyzed genome-wide gene expression profiles in the leaves of two wheat genotypes, namely, heat susceptible 'chinese spring' (cs) and heat tolerant 'tam107' (tam).018808683
identification of differentially expressed proteins between hybrid and parents in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedling leaves.in spite of commercial use of heterosis in agriculture, the molecular basis of heterosis is poorly understood. to gain a better understanding of the molecular basis of wheat heterosis, we carried out a comparative proteomic analysis in seedling leaves between wheat hybrid and parents. common wheat (triticum aestivum l., 2n = 6x = 42, aabbdd) line 3338 and spelt wheat (triticum spelta l., 2n = 6x = 42, aabbdd) line 2463 were used to produce a heterotic f(1) hybrid. the expression patterns of the ...200918815767
incorporation of ammi stability value and grain yield in a single non-parametric index (gsi) in bread wheat.in order to determine stable bread wheat genotypes with high grain yield via a single parameter, field experiments were conducted with 20 genotypes for 4 consecutive years in two different conditions (irrigated and rainfed) in a completely randomized block design with three replications in each environment. combined analysis of variance showed highly significant differences for the ge interaction indicating the possibility of selection for stable entries. the results of additive main effect and ...200818817218
tolerance of 42 bread wheat genotypes to drought stress after anthesis.the present research characterized yield and yield components of 42 wheat genotypes after terminal drought stress. the experiment was in twice replicated simple rectangular lattice design, conducted at irrigated and terminal stress conditions during 2006-2007. these study genotypes had significant differences for grain yield at level of 1%. genotypes 4057, viking/5/gds/4.., sabalan and 5041 respectively with 6.313, 6.159, 5.793 and 5.774 t ha(-1) had the highest yield and gascogen has the lowest ...200818817264
pm23: a new allele of pm4 located on chromosome 2al in wheat.powdery mildew, caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the major diseases of common wheat (triticum aestivum) worldwide. the powdery mildew resistance gene pm23, identified in the common wheat line 81-7241 and originally assigned to wheat chromosome 5a, was relocated on chromosome 2al with the aid of molecular markers. mapping of microsatellite markers in two wheat crosses segregating for pm23 and pm4b, respectively, in combination with the reported mapping of pm4a, indicated that ...200818818899
molecular aspects of drought tolerance in bread wheat (t. aestivum).in order to evaluate molecular indices of drought tolerance and selection of drought tolerance genotypes in bread wheat a randomized complete block design was carried out with three replications in the field of research station of sararood, kermanshah, iran. positive significant correlation coefficient was observed between grain yield and proline, soluble sugar and total protein under rainfed condition. based on the grain yield, proline content, soluble sugar and total protein the genotypes were ...200818819604
colonization and nitrogenase activity of triticum aestivum (cv. baccross and mahdavi) to the dual inoculation with azospirillum brasilense and rhizobium meliloti plus 2,4-d.the potential enhancement of root colonization and nitrogenase activity of wheat cultivars (baccross and mahdavi) was studied with application of two azospirillum brasilense strains (native and sp7) co-inoculated with two rhizobium meliloti strains (native and dsmz 30135). the results indicated that the colonization was different due to the strains and cultivars of wheat were used. native a. brasilense colonized wheat root better than sp7 strain. however, baccross cv. reacted better with native ...200818819640
transferability and polymorphism of barley est-ssr markers used for phylogenetic analysis in hordeum chilense.hordeum chilense, a native south american diploid wild barley, is a potential source of useful genes for cereal breeding. the use of this wild species to increase genetic variation in cereals will be greatly facilitated by marker-assisted selection. different economically feasible approaches have been undertaken for this wild species with limited direct agricultural use in a search for suitable and cost-effective markers. the availability of expressed sequence tags (est) derived microsatellites ...018822176
[primary and secondary metabolism of winter wheat under cold hardening and treatment with antioxidants].the content of saccharides and phenolic compounds (including flavonoids and lignin) and the activity of l-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal, ec 4.3.1.5) were determined in leaves and tillering nodes of winter wheat triticum aestivum l.) cultivars inna and moskovskaya 39, differing in the level of frost resistance. these parameters were determined in three groups of plants--control, hardened, and treated with synthetic antioxidants (ambiol and amerol 2000). cold hardening increased accumulation of ...200918822781
[dependence of cross-pollination indices on genotype characteristics of winter common wheat].out-crossing indices (the out-rcrossing rate, the frequency of plants with cross-pollination and outcrossing intensity) in f2 plants of winter common wheat from the reciprocal cross b-16 x odesskaya krasnokolosaya were analysed using storage proteins as genetic markers. outcrossing indices greatly differed depending on growth conditions. the out-crossing rate was 0,35 % (odessa, 2000) and 5,11% (kyiv, 2004). the highest out-crossing indices were detected in homozygotes for the presence of the ry ...200818822866
taasy1 promotes homologous chromosome interactions and is affected by deletion of ph1.during meiosis, chromosomes are sorted into homologous pairs as a preface to their intimate association via recombination and synapsis. however, little is known about the mechanism used to distinguish homologous chromosomes from other chromosomes present in the nucleus. studies in wheat (triticum aestivum) have shown that the pairing homoeologous 1 (ph1) locus is required to suppress interactions between genetically similar homoeologous chromosomes. here we show that absence of ph1 causes increa ...200918826431
cell membrane surface potential (psi0) plays a dominant role in the phytotoxicity of copper and arsenate.negative charges at cell membrane surfaces (cms) create a surface electrical potential (psi(0)) that affects ion concentrations at the cms and consequently affects the phytotoxicity of metallic cations and metalloid anions in different ways. the zeta potentials of root protoplasts of wheat (triticum aestivum), as affected by the ionic environment of the solution, were measured and compared with the values of psi(0) calculated with a gouy-chapman-stern model. the mechanisms for the effects of cat ...200818829983
genome organisation and retrotransposon driven molecular evolution of the endosperm hardness (ha) locus in triticum aestivum cv glenlea.wheat endosperm texture is controlled primarily by a locus (ha), which comprises gsp-1, pina and pinb genes encoding the so-called grain softness protein, puroindoline-a and puroindoline-b, respectively. pina and pinb were detected only on the d-genome of hexaploid wheat and its diploid progenitors while gsp-1 was on all three homoeologous loci. hexaploid cultivar glenlea has a hard phenotype due to a null pina genotype (d-genome) but the sequence organization is not reported. this study aimed a ...200818830712
a physical map of the 1-gigabase bread wheat chromosome 3b.as the staple food for 35% of the world's population, wheat is one of the most important crop species. to date, sequence-based tools to accelerate wheat improvement are lacking. as part of the international effort to sequence the 17-billion-base-pair hexaploid bread wheat genome (2n = 6x = 42 chromosomes), we constructed a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac)-based integrated physical map of the largest chromosome, 3b, that alone is 995 megabases. a chromosome-specific bac library was used to a ...200818832645
effects of tetrabromobisphenol a as an emerging pollutant on wheat (triticum aestivum) at biochemical levels.biochemical responses of wheat (triticum aestivum) to the stress of tetrabromobisphenol a (tbbpa) as an emerging pollutant were examined. the results indicated that reduction of the chlorophyll (chl) content in wheat leaves could be observed. however, the changes in the chl content with the increasing tbbpa concentration from 50 to 5000 mg kg(-1) were insignificant (p>0.05). increased malondialdehyde levels were detected in wheat leaves after both 7-d and 12-d exposures. the changes in the activ ...200818835007
the chromosome region including the earliness per se locus eps-am1 affects the duration of early developmental phases and spikelet number in diploid wheat.earliness per se genes are those that regulate flowering time independently of vernalization and photoperiod, and are important for the fine tuning of flowering time and for the wide adaptation of wheat to different environments. the earliness per se locus eps-a(m)1 was recently mapped within a 0.8 cm interval on chromosome 1a(m)l of diploid wheat triticum monococcum l., and it was shown that its effect was modulated by temperature. in this study, this precise mapping information was used to cha ...200818836186
genomic regions influencing gene expression of the hmw glutenins in wheat.bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) produces glutenin storage proteins in the endosperm. the hmw glutenins confer distinct viscoelastic properties to bread dough. the genetics of hmw glutenin proteins have been extensively studied, and information has accumulated about individual subunits, chromosomal locations and dna sequences, but little is known about the regulators of the hmw glutenins. this investigation addressed the question of glutenin regulators. expression of the glutenins was analyzed ...200918839129
creation and functional analysis of new puroindoline alleles in triticum aestivum.the hardness (ha) locus controls grain texture and affects many end-use properties of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the ha locus is functionally comprised of the puroindoline a and b genes, pina and pinb, respectively. the lack of pin allelic diversity is a major factor limiting ha functional analyses and wheat quality improvement. in order to create new ha alleles, a 630 member m(2) population was produced in the soft white spring cultivar alpowa using ethylmethane sulfonate mutagenesis. the m( ...200918846362
[induction, regeneration, and biolistic sensitivity of different genotypes of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.)].the induction, regeneration, and biolistic sensitivities of different genotypes of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) have been determined in order to develop an efficient system for transformation of russian cultivars of spring wheat. short-term (two days) cold treatment (4 degrees c) has been demonstrated to distinctly increase the frequency of morphogenetic callus induction. the optimal phytohormonal composition of the nutrient medium ensuring an in vitro regeneration rate of the common whea ...200818846824
analysis of wheat sage tags reveals evidence for widespread antisense transcription.serial analysis of gene expression (sage) is a powerful tool for genome-wide transcription studies. unlike microarrays, it has the ability to detect novel forms of rna such as alternatively spliced and antisense transcripts, without the need for prior knowledge of their existence. one limitation of using sage on an organism with a complex genome and lacking detailed sequence information, such as the hexaploid bread wheat triticum aestivum, is accurate annotation of the tags generated. without ac ...200818847483
awn inheritance in triticum vulgare. 194818903870
the use of nullisomics in common wheat in associating genes with specific chromosomes. 194818903879
the healthgrain cereal diversity screen: concept, results, and prospects.one hundred and fifty bread wheat lines and 50 other lines of small-grain cereals (spelt, durum wheat, triticum monococcum, triticum dicoccum, oats, rye, and barley) were selected for diversity in their geographical origin, age, and characteristics. they were grown on a single site in hungary in 2004-2005, harvested, milled, and analyzed for a range of phytochemicals (tocols, sterols, phenolic acids, folates, alkylresorcinols) and fiber components that are considered to have health benefits. det ...018921969
tocopherols and tocotrienols in wheat genotypes in the healthgrain diversity screen.tocopherol and tocotrienol compositions were studied in 175 genotypes of different wheat types grown under similar conditions to screen for natural diversity. the main focus was on bread wheats, including 130 and 20 winter and spring types, respectively. the average total content of tocopherols and tocotrienols was 49.4 microg/g of dm, with a range of 27.6-79.7 microg/g of dm, indicating a 2.9-fold variation among genotypes. beta-tocotrienol and alpha-tocopherol were the major vitamers, and in g ...200818921970
folate in wheat genotypes in the healthgrain diversity screen.as part of the diversity screen of the healthgrain project, the total folate contents of bread wheat (130 winter and 20 spring wheat genotypes), durum wheat (10 genotypes), earlier cultivated diploid einkorn and tetraploid emmer wheat (5 genotypes of each), and spelt (5 genotypes), grown in the same location in a controlled manner, were determined by a microbiological assay. the total folate contents ranged from 364 to 774 ng/g of dm in winter wheat and from 323 to 741 ng/g of dm in spring wheat ...200818921972
variation in the content of dietary fiber and components thereof in wheats in the healthgrain diversity screen.within the healthgrain diversity screening program, the variation in the content of dietary fiber and components thereof in different types of wheat was studied. the wheat types were winter (131 varieties) and spring (20 varieties) wheats (both triticum aestivum l., also referred to as common wheats), durum wheat (triticum durum desf., 10 varieties), spelt wheat (triticum spelta l., 5 varieties), einkorn wheat (t. monococcum l., 5 varieties), and emmer wheat (triticum dicoccum schubler, 5 variet ...200818921978
increasing the physical markers of wheat chromosomes using ssrs as fish probes.in plants the marker sequences used to identify chromosomes are mainly repetitive dna probes. simple sequence repeats (ssrs) are major components of many plant genomes and could be good markers for chromosome identification. in a previous work, we reported the physical distribution of 4 oligonucleotides, (ag)12, (cat)5, (aac)5, and (aag)5, on triticum aestivum l. chromosomes. the distinctive distribution pattern found suggested that ssr in situ hybridization is useful as a diagnostic tool in whe ...200818923532
[identification of catalytically active groups of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) germ lipase].the active site of wheat germ lipase was studied by the dixon method and chemical modification. the profile of curve logv = f(ph), pk and ionization heat values, lipase photoinactivation, and lipase inactivation with diethylpyrocarbonate and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide led us to assume that the active site of the enzyme comprises the carboxylic group of aspartic or glutamic acid and the imidazole group of histidine. apparently, the oh-group of serine plays a key role in catalysis: as a result of in ...200818924403
homoeologous gene silencing in tissue cultured wheat callus.in contrast to diploids, most polyploid plant species, which include the hexaploid bread wheat, possess an additional layer of epigenetic complexity. several studies have demonstrated that polyploids are affected by homoeologous gene silencing, a process in which sub-genomic genomic copies are selectively transcriptionally inactivated. this form of silencing can be tissue specific and may be linked to developmental or stress responses.200818928533
[molecular marker analysis of wheat-roegneria ciliaris additions lines.].a total of 135 est, 27 sts, and 253 ssr primer pairs located in 7 homoeologous groups of wheat and barly were used for amplification of 24 possible wheat-r. ciliaris disomic addition lines. fifty-five primer pairs could amplified polymorphic bands between common wheat variety "inayama komugi" and the inayama komugi- r. ciliaris amphiploid, and 31 of the 55 could amplify the specific bands of r. ciliaris in the addition lines. according to the pcr (polymerase chain reaction) results, the added r. ...200818930898
ionic liquids in soils: effects of different anion species of imidazolium based ionic liquids on wheat (triticum aestivum) as affected by different clay minerals and clay concentrations.this study contributes to a prospective hazard assessment of ionic liquids, focusing on the terrestrial environment. the influence of differently composed soils-varying contents of the clay minerals smectite and kaolinite-on the toxicity of different anion species of imidazolium based ionic liquids was studied for growth inhibition of wheat (triticum aestivum). im14 (cf(3)so(2))(2)n appeared the most toxic, independently of the investigated soil type. the toxicity of im14 cl, im14 bf(4) and im14 ...200918932018
nullisomic analysis of stem-rust resistance in triticum vulgare var. timstein. 194818933701
transgressive segregation, heritability, and number of genes controlling durable resistance to stripe rust in one chinese and two italian wheat cultivars.abstract wheat (triticum aestivum) cvs. libellula (lb), san pastore (sp), and xian nong 4 (xn4) possess durable resistance to stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, and cv. ming xian 169 (mx169) is highly susceptible to the rust. inheritance of stripe rust resistance was studied by crossing the four cultivars and evaluating the resistance of parental, f(1), f(2), backcross, and f(3) plants in the fields. transgressive segregation for resistance was observed in the resistant ...200118942998
sensitivity of wheat genotypes to a toxic fraction produced by cephalosporium gramineum and correlation with disease susceptibility.abstract cephalosporium stripe is an important disease of winter wheat (triticum aestivum) in several areas of the world, especially where stubble mulch and early seeding are practiced to maintain soil moisture and prevent erosion. we developed a procedure to mass-produce a toxic fraction produced by cephalosporium gramineum through a modification of the method of kobayashi and ui. exposure of excised wheat leaves to a concentration of 60 mul/ml of the toxic fraction for 72 h produced distinct w ...200118943001
quantitative trait loci mapping for adult-plant resistance to powdery mildew in bread wheat.abstract powdery mildew, caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is a major disease to wheat (triticum aestivum) worldwide. use of adult-plant resistance (apr) is an effective method to develop wheat cultivars with durable resistance to powdery mildew. in the present study, 432 molecular markers were used to map quantitative trait loci (qtl) for apr to powdery mildew in a doubled haploid (dh) population with 107 lines derived from the cross fukuho-komugi x oligoculm. field trials were conduc ...200618943153
performance and mapping of leaf rust resistance transferred to wheat from triticum timopheevii subsp. armeniacum.abstract host plant resistance is an economical and environmentally sound method of control of leaf rust caused by the fungus puccinia triticina, which is one of the most serious diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum) worldwide. wild relatives of wheat, including the tetraploid t. timopheevii subsp. armeniacum, represent an important source of genes for resistance to leaf rust. the objectives of this study were to (i) evaluate the performance of leaf rust resistance genes previously transferred t ...200318943158
microsatellite markers for genes lr34/yr18 and other quantitative trait loci for leaf rust and stripe rust resistance in bread wheat.abstract leaf rust and stripe rust, caused by puccinia triticina and p. striiformis, respectively, are important diseases of wheat in many countries. in this study we sought to identify molecular markers for adult plant resistance genes that could aid in incorporating such durable resistance into wheat. we used a doubled haploid population from a japanese cv. fukuho-komugi x israeli wheat oligoculm cross that had segregated for resistance to leaf rust and stripe rust in field trials. joint and/o ...200318943170
quantitative trait loci for seedling and adult plant resistance to stagonospora nodorum in wheat.stagonospora nodorum blotch (snb) caused by stagonospora nodorum is a severe disease of wheat (triticum aestivum) in many areas of the world. s. nodorum affects both seedling and adult plants causing necrosis of leaf and glume tissue, inhibiting photosynthetic capabilities, and reducing grain yield. the aims of this study were to evaluate disease response of 280 doubled haploid (dh) individuals derived from a cross between resistant (6hrwsn125) and susceptible (wawht2074) genotypes, compare quan ...200818943206
specificity of incomplete resistance to mycosphaerella graminicola in wheat.we examined interactions between wheat (triticum aestivum) and mycosphaerella graminicola, causal agent of septoria tritici blotch, to determine whether specific interactions occur between host and pathogen genotypes that could be involved in eroding resistance. the moderate resistance of the wheat cultivar madsen has eroded significantly in the willamette valley of oregon since its release in 1990. foote is a replacement cultivar expressing moderate resistance and was released in 2000. isolates ...200818943223
quantitative trait loci for high-temperature adult-plant and slow-rusting resistance to puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in wheat cultivars.stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most damaging diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum) globally. high-temperature adult-plant resistance (htapr) and slow-rusting have great potential for sustainable management of the disease. the wheat cultivars luke and aquileja have been previously reported to possess htapr and slow-rusting to stripe rust, respectively. aquileja displayed less number of stripes per unit leaf area than luke, while luke showed lower infecti ...200818943256
identification, chromosome location, and diagnostic markers for a new gene (yrcn19) for resistance to wheat stripe rust.abstract several wheat lines and cultivars of wheat (triticum aestivum) originating from the southwestern region of china were found to be highly resistant to stripe rust by inoculation with the prevalent races (cyr30, cyr31, and cyr32) and newly emerged races (h46-4, sy11-4 and sy11-14) of the pathogen. an inheritance study of the resistance to stripe rust was carried out by crossing resistant aim6 with susceptible beiz76. results indicated that the resistance to stripe rust was controlled by a ...200518943356
wheat (triticum aestivum) is susceptible to the parasitic angiosperm striga hermonthica, a major cereal pathogen in africa.abstract striga hermonthica is a parasitic weed endemic to sub-saharan africa. it most commonly parasitizes sorghum, maize, pearl millet, and upland rice, lowering yields and affecting the welfare of over 100 million people, principally subsistence farmers. cereal crops with complete resistance to this pathogen have not been reported. in southern and eastern africa, where striga spp. are endemic, 5.6 million ha of wheat are cultivated annually. despite this, there are only isolated field reports ...200518943360
simple sequence repeat diversity of a worldwide collection of puccinia triticina from durum wheat.abstract isolates of puccinia triticina collected from durum wheat from argentina, chile, ethiopia, france, mexico, spain, and the united states were analyzed with 11 simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers in order to determine the genetic relationship among isolates. these isolates also were compared with p. triticina isolates from common wheat from north america, and an isolate collected from aegilops speltoides from israel, to determine genetic relationships among groups of p. triticina found o ...200718943576
identification of a novel fusarium head blight resistance quantitative trait locus on chromosome 7a in tetraploid wheat.abstract fusarium head blight (fhb) caused by fusarium graminearum is one of the most destructive diseases of durum (triticum turgidum sp. durum) and common wheat (t. aestivum). promising sources of fhb resistance have been identified among common (hexaploid) wheats, but the same is not true for durum (tetraploid) wheats. a previous study indicated that chromosome 7a from t. turgidum sp. dicoccoides accession pi478742 contributed significant levels of resistance to fhb. the objectives of this re ...200718943578
virulence phenotypes of a worldwide collection of puccinia triticina from durum wheat.abstract a total of 78 isolates of puccinia triticina from durum wheat from argentina, chile, ethiopia, france, mexico, spain and the united states and 10 representative isolates of p. triticina from common wheat from the united states were tested for virulence phenotypes on seedling plants of 35 near-isogenic lines of thatcher wheat. isolates with virulence on lines with leaf rust resistance genes lr10, lr14b, lr20, lr22a, lr23, lr33, lr34, lr41, and lr44 represented the most frequent phenotype ...200718943655
resistance of wheat line kavkaz-k4500 l.6.a.4 to septoria tritici blotch controlled by isolate-specific resistance genes.abstract the international maize and wheat improvement center (cimmyt), mexico, germplasm-derived wheat (triticum aestivum) kavkaz-k4500 l.6.a.4 (kk) is one of the major sources of resistance to septoria tritici blotch (stb). kk is resistant to stb in field conditions in the uk even though a large majority of mycosphaerella graminicola isolates are virulent to it. the genetics of the resistance of kk to four isolates of m. graminicola were investigated. kk has at least five isolate-specific resi ...200518943783
tagging and validation of a major quantitative trait locus for leaf rust resistance and leaf tip necrosis in winter wheat cultivar forno.abstract a major leaf rust (puccinia triticina) resistance quantitative trait locus (qtl) (qlrp.sfr-7ds) previously has been described on chromosome 7ds in the winter wheat (triticum aestivum) cv. forno. it was detected in a population of single-seed descent (ssd) lines derived from the cross arina x forno. qlrp.sfr-7ds conferred a durable and slow-rusting resistance phenotype, co-segregated with a qtl for leaf tip necrosis (ltn) and was mapped close to xgwm295 at a very similar location as the ...200418943790
inhibition of blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici germination and partial enhancement of wheat defenses by milsana.abstract the prophylactic efficiency of milsana against powdery mildew was evaluated on wheat (triticum aestivum). a single short spraying on 10-day-old plantlets reduced the infection level by 85% and two long sprayings led to the total restriction of the disease. although microscopic studies showed that milsana treatments enhance hydrogen peroxide accumulation at the fungal penetration site, biochemical analysis did not allow us to correlate this accumulation with the activation of several enz ...200618943966
evidence for natural selection in the mitochondrial genome of mycosphaerella graminicola.abstract pathogenicity assays were combined with restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) markers in the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes to compare mycosphaerella graminicola populations adapted to bread wheat (triticum aestivum) and durum wheat (t. turgidum) in the mediterranean basin. the majority of isolates had unique nuclear dna fingerprints and multilocus haplotypes. only six mitochondrial dna (mtdna) haplotypes were identified among 108 isolates assayed. there were minor differen ...200418943974
forensic pathology of canadian bread wheat: the case of tan spot.abstract pyrenophora tritici-repentis causes necrosis and chlorosis in its wheat host. susceptibility to races 2 (necrosis) and 5 (chlorosis) of the pathogen is known to be mediated by ptr toxa and ptr toxb, respectively. sensitivity to each toxin is controlled by a single dominant and independently inherited gene. we used sensitivity to ptr toxa and ptr toxb as two genetic markers to investigate the origin and the state of tan spot susceptibility in canadian western red spring (cwrs) wheat over ...200518943983
using air pressure cells to evaluate the effect of soil environment on the transmission of soilborne viruses of wheat.abstract an air pressure cell, a laboratory tool that precisely controls soil matric potential, was utilized in a novel approach to investigate the epidemiology and management of soilborne disease. matric potentials of -1, -5, -20, and -40 kpa were established in cores of field soil infested with wheat soilborne mosaic virus (wsbmv) and its presumed vector polymyxa graminis. equilibrated soil cores were planted to wheat (triticum aestivum), and after intervals of growth under controlled environm ...200318944097
genetic differentiation of puccinia triticina populations in central asia and the caucasus.abstract isolates of puccinia triticina collected from common wheat in the central asia countries of kazakhstan, uzbekistan, tajikistan, and kyrgyzstan and the caucasus countries of azerbaijan, georgia, and armenia were tested for virulence to 20 isolines of thatcher wheat with different leaf rust resistance genes and molecular genotype at 23 simple sequence repeat (ssr) loci. after clone correction within each country, 99 isolates were analyzed for measures of population diversity, variation at ...200718944179
aggressiveness of mycosphaerella graminicola isolates from susceptible and partially resistant wheat cultivars.abstract the selective effect of quantitative host resistance on pathogen aggressiveness is poorly understood. because two previous experiments with a small number of bread wheat cultivars and isolates of mycosphaerella graminicola had indicated that more susceptible hosts selected for more aggressive isolates, we conducted a larger experiment to test that hypothesis. in each of 2 years, six cultivars differing in their levels of partial resistance were planted in field plots, and isolates were ...200218944259
expression of thinopyrum intermedium-derived barley yellow dwarf virus resistance in elite bread wheat backgrounds.abstract resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus (bydv) is not found in wheat but is available in a thinopyrum intermedium translocation (ti) carried on chromosome 7dl of bread wheat recombinant lines. we used one of those lines (tc14/2*spear) to introgress the ti into bread wheat cultivars and to determine the influence of wheat backgrounds, with and without known tolerance to bydv, on the expression of resistance. two single and three backcross populations, segregating for the presence of the ...200118944278
genetic analysis of resistance to pyrenophora tritici-repentis races 1 and 5 in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat.tan spot of wheat, caused by the fungus pyrenophora tritici-repentis, is a destructive disease worldwide that can lead to serious losses in quality and quantity of wheat grain production. resistance to multiple races of p. tritici-repentis was identified in a wide range of genetically diverse genotypes, including three different species triticum aestivum (aabbdd), t. spelta (aabbdd), and t. turgidum (aabb). the major objectives of this study were to determine the genetic control of resistance to ...200818944295
distribution of pathotypes with regard to host cultivars in french wheat leaf rust populations.abstract isolates of wheat leaf rust collected from durum and bread wheat cultivars in france during 1999-2002 were analyzed for virulence on 18 thatcher lines with single genes for leaf rust resistance (lr genes). sampling focused on the five most widely grown bread wheat cultivars (two susceptible and three resistant) to allow statistical comparison of diversity indexes between the cultivars. leaf rust populations from durum and bread wheats were different. the diversity of the bread wheat lea ...200618944441
leaf rust resistance gene lr34 associated with nonsuppression of stem rust resistance in the wheat cultivar canthatch.abstract the common wheat cultivar thatcher and the backcross derivative canthatch are moderately or fully susceptible to several races of stem rust because of a suppressor on chromosome 7dl that inhibits the expression of the relevant resistance gene(s). the incorporation of leaf rust resistance gene lr34 into 'thatcher' is known to enhance stem rust resistance. the effect of this gene in a 'canthatch' background and its relationship with the 7dl suppressor were determined by replacing chromoso ...199918944724
genetic analysis of sensitivity to a pyrenophora tritici-repentis necrosis-inducing toxin in durum and common wheat.abstract the fungus pyrenophora tritici-repentis produces a toxin (ptr toxa) that causes rapid cell necrosis in sensitive wheat genotypes. a single recessive gene (tsn1) on chromosome 5bl in common wheat confers insensitivity to this toxin. our objectives were to analyze the allelic relationships of genotypes that have shown insensitivity to a p. tritici-repentis necrosis-inducing toxin, map the gene for insensitivity to the necrosis-inducing factor produced by p. tritici-repentis in a durum whe ...199918944773
lr46: a gene conferring slow-rusting resistance to leaf rust in wheat.abstract wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivar pavon 76 carries slow-rusting resistance to leaf rust that has remained effective in mexico since its release in 1976. 'pavon 76' was crossed with two leaf rust-susceptible wheat cultivars, jupateco 73s and avocet s, and between 118 and 148 individual f(2) plant-derived f(3) and f(5) lines were evaluated for adult-plant leaf rust resistance at two field sites in mexico during different seasons. evaluation of f(1) plants and parents indicated that the s ...199818944865
a major gene for powdery mildew resistance transferred to common wheat from wild einkorn wheat.abstract a major gene for resistance to wheat powdery mildew (blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici = erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici) has been successfully transferred into hexaploid common wheat (triticum aestivum, 2n = 6x = 42, aabbdd) from wild einkorn wheat (triticum monococcum subsp. aegilopoides, 2n = 2x = 14, aa). nc96bgta5 is a germ plasm line with the pedigree saluda x 3/pi427662. the response patterns for powdery mildew resistance in nc96bgta5 were tested with 30 differential isolates of ...199818944983
xanthomonas translucens from small grains: diversity and phytopathological relevance.abstract sixty-eight presumptive xanthomonas translucens strains isolated from 15 small grains or grass species were studied by pathogenicity tests on barley, bread wheat, oat, and bromegrass species, and also by aflp, analysis of fatty acid methyl esters (fame), and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of protein extracts. the x. translucens strains were divided into three pathogenicity types based on differences observed on barley and bread wheat. two unspeciated strains p ...199718945007
mapping a stripe rust resistance gene yrc591 in wheat variety c591 with ssr and aflp markers.stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiformis westend. f. sp. tritici (pst), is one of the most destructive diseases of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). to determine inheritance of stripe rust resistance and map the resistance gene(s) in wheat variety c591, f(1), f(2,) and f(3) progenies derived from the taichung 29 x c591 cross were inoculated with chinese pst race cy32 in the greenhouse. genetic analysis identified a single dominant gene, temporarily designated yrc591. a total of 178 ssr and ...200918946654
modeling nitrogen and water management effects in a wheat-maize double-cropping system.excessive n and water use in agriculture causes environmental degradation and can potentially jeopardize the sustainability of the system. a field study was conducted from 2000 to 2002 to study the effects of four n treatments (0, 100, 200, and 300 kg n ha(-1) per crop) on a wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and maize (zea mays l.) double cropping system under 70 +/- 15% field capacity in the north china plain (ncp). the root zone water quality model (rzwqm), with the crop estimation through resource ...201318948476
wheat (triticum aestivum) seedlings secrete proteases from the roots and, after protein addition, grow well on medium without inorganic nitrogen.this paper reports on the role of proteases secreted by roots in nitrogen capture by plants. the study was conducted on aseptically cultivated wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum cv. tacher) obtained from embryos isolated from grains. seedlings were cultivated for 21 days on deionised water, murashige skoog medium (ms), ms without inorganic nitrogen (in), and ms without in, in which in was replaced by casein (0.01%, 0.1% or 1%). comparison of seedlings grown on these media showed that casein enti ...200818950429
biochemical and structural characterization of tlxi, the triticum aestivum l. thaumatin-like xylanase inhibitor.thaumatin-like xylanase inhibitors (tlxi) are recently discovered wheat proteins. they belong to the family of the thaumatin-like proteins and inhibit glycoside hydrolase family 11 endoxylanases commonly used in different cereal based (bio)technological processes. we here report on the biochemical characterisation of tlxi. its inhibition activity is temperature- and ph-dependent and shows a maximum at approximately 40 degrees c and ph 5.0. the tlxi structure model, generated with the crystal str ...200918951281
allelic analysis of stripe rust resistance genes on wheat chromosome 2bs.stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiormis westend f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important foliar diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) worldwide. stripe rust resistance genes yr27, yr31, yrsp, yrv23, and yrcn19 on chromosome 2bs confer resistance to some or all chinese p. striiormis f. sp. tritici races cyr31, cyr32, sy11-4, and sy11-14 in the greenhouse. to screen microsatellite (ssr) markers linked with yrcn19, f1, f2, and f3 populations derived from cross ch377/cn19 were screened wit ...200818956025
[changes in the activity of proteases and trypsin inhibitors in wheat leaves in the initial period of cold hardening and subsequent dehardening].the dynamics of amidase, cysteine protease, and trypsin inhibitor activities were studied in the leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings grown under controlled conditions (25 degrees c, illuminance 10 klx, 14-h photoperiod) and subjected to cold hardening (5 degrees c, 10 klx, 14-h photoperiod). changes in the activity of amidases and cysteine proteases proved to precede an increase in cold resistance during cold hardening and a decrease in cold resistance after the end of cold hardenin ...201618956732
[the generation of h2o2 in wheat hypersensitive reaction induced by leaf rust fungus].h2o2 burst in the defense responses of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) infected with compatible and incompatible leaf rust fungus races (puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici) was investigated firstly. cytofluorimetric analysis using the fluorescent probe dcfhda scrutinized the generation of h2o2 in wheat primary leaves. the results indicated that h2o2 burst could be induced by either compatible or incompatible leaf rust fungus. however, the kinetics of h2o2 burst in incompatible interaction were biphas ...200818958998
fusarium sinensis sp. nov., a new species from wheat in china.two strains of fusarium sinensis sp. nov. were isolated from the seeds and roots of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in shandong province, china. they are superficially similar to f. dlaminii in producing fusiform-to-reniform and napiform microconidia and chlamydospores in almost the same size range as f. dlaminii. however the colonies and chlamydospores of f. sinensis resemble those of species in sections roseum, gibbosum and discolor. phylogenetic analysis of partial translation elongation factor ...200818959160
durum wheat adulteration detection by nir spectroscopy multivariate calibration.in the present work, we explored the possibility of using near-infrared spectroscopy in order to quantify the degree of adulteration of durum wheat flour with common bread wheat flour. the multivariate calibration techniques adopted to this aim were pls and a wavelet-based calibration algorithm, recently developed by some of us, called wilma. both techniques provided satisfactory results, the percentage of adulterant present in the samples being quantified with an uncertainty lower than that ass ...200618970492
diurnal photosynthesis, water use efficiency and light use efficiency of wheat under mediterranean field conditions.photosynthesis and transpiration rates of wheat leaves (triticum aestivum l.) were measured at 30 min intervals under mediterranean field conditions, using photosynthesis monitor system (pm-48m). the dynamics of net photosynthetic rate (p(n)), transpiration rate (e(t)), water use efficiency (wue), light use efficiency (lue), stomatal conductance (g(s)), photosynthetically active radiation (par), air temperature (t), relative humidity (rh), and atmospheric co2 concentration (catm) were quantified ...200818972699
heavy metal accumulation in different varieties of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in soil amended with domestic sewage sludge.the concentrations of heavy metals (hms) in plants served to indicate the metal contamination status of the site, and also revealed the abilities of various plant species to take up and accumulate them from the soil dressed with sewage sludge. a study to comprehend the mobility and transport of hms from soil and soil amended with untreated sewage sludge to different newly breaded varieties of wheat (anmol, tj-83, abadgar and mehran-89) in pakistan. a pot-culture experiment was conducted to study ...200918977590
independent evolution of functional pm3 resistance genes in wild tetraploid wheat and domesticated bread wheat.the pm3 alleles of cultivated bread wheat confer gene for gene resistance to the powdery mildew fungus. they represent a particular case of plant disease resistance gene evolution, because of their recent origin and possible evolution after the formation of hexaploid wheat. the pm3 locus is conserved in tetraploid wheat, thereby allowing the comparative evolutionary study of the same resistance locus in a domesticated species and in one of its wild ancestors. we have identified 61 pm3 allelic se ...200918980638
structural changes in root tips of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in response to olive oil mill wastewater.toxic effects of the wastewater were investigated ultrastructurally in root tips of triticum aestivum. as a result, wall and nuclear degradations, disruptions in all cytoplasmic membranes, irregular nucleus shapes and cellular organization defects were densely detected. besides, germination ratio, total protein contents, dna contents and root-shoot growth were found to be decreased significantly when compared to the control group. results were compared with those of recent studies regarding exce ...200818983041
introgression of bread wheat chromatin into tall wheatgrass via somatic hybridization.regenerates were obtained following somatic hybridization between tall wheatgrass (agropyron elongatum) and bread wheat (triticum aestivum cv. jinan177) protoplasts. two lines (cu and xi) were self-fertile in the first (r0) and subsequent (r1 and r2) generations. the phenotype of each r1 population was uniform. all cu progeny were phenotypically similar to the tall wheatgrass parent, while xi progeny had thinner, smoother and softer leaves. cytological analysis showed that more wheat chromatin w ...200918985381
evidence of ceased programmed cell death in metaphloem sieve elements in the developing caryopsis of triticum aestivum l.transmission electron microscopy (tem) and fluorescence microscopy studies revealed that the metaphloem sieve elements (mses) in the ventral vascular bundle of the caryopses of developing wheat (triticum aestivum l.) undergo a unique type of programmed cell death (pcd). terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dutp nick-end labeling (tunel)-positive nuclei were observed at 3 and 4 days after flowering (daf). transmission electron microscopy studies of differentiating mses revealed increase ...200818985425
accumulation and translocation of toxic heavy metals in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) growing in agricultural soil of zhengzhou, china.a field experiment was conducted to study the accumulation of toxic heavy metals by winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in the agricultural soil in the suburb of zhengzhou city, china. the quantities of heavy metals (cd, cr, pb, as, hg) were determined in different parts of wheat plant. the content of five toxic metals was found significantly higher in roots than in the aerial parts of wheat (stems and leaves, and grains). additionally, wheat roots were enriched in cd, pb, and hg from the ...200918987775
is 2,3-butanedione monoxime an effective inhibitor of myosin-based activities in plant cells?the effectiveness of 2,3-butanedione monoxime (bdm) as an inhibitor of plant myosins has been investigated. three myosin-dependent motility phenomena in plants, namely cytoplasmic streaming in chara corallina, light-dependent chloroplast repositioning in elodea sp., and brefeldin a(bfa)-induced golgi membrane dynamics in wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. kite) root-tip cells were investigated. all three processes were inhibited by the sulfhydryl-modifying agent n-ethylmalemide (nem), indicating th ...199918987800
characterization of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit glu-b3 genes and development of sts markers in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.).low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) glu-b3 has a significant influence on the processing quality of the end-use products of common wheat. to characterize the lmw-gs genes at the glu-b3 locus, gene-specific pcr primers were designed to amplify eight near-isogenic lines and cheyenne with different glu-b3 alleles (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h and i) defined by protein electrophoretic mobility. the complete coding regions of four glu-b3 genes with complete coding sequence were obtained and desi ...200918989655
use of ethylene diurea (edu) in assessing the impact of ozone on growth and productivity of five cultivars of indian wheat (triticum aestivum l.).increase in concentrations of tropospheric ozone (o(3)) is one of the main factors affecting world agriculture production. tropical countries including india are at greater risk due to their meteorological conditions (high solar radiation and temperature) being conducive to the formation of o(3). the most effective anti-ozonant chemical is n-[2-(2-oxo-1-imidazolidinyl) ethyl]-n-phenylurea or ethylene diurea (edu). due to its specific characteristics, edu has been used in the field as a phytomoni ...200918998224
[screening hv-s/tpk from tac library of a triticum aestivum-haynaldia villosa translocation line].hv-s/tpk gene, a resistance related gene to powdery mildew, was cloned by using genechip, and its expression was upregulated after the inoculation of blumeria graminis to haynaldia villosa. using the specific primers of hv-s/tpk to screen a genomic tac (transformation-competent artificial chromosome) library of translocation line 6vs/6al, a positive tac was screened. a 5-kb fragment containing hv-s/tpk was subcloned and identified. this 5160-bp fragment (genbank accession no. eu153366) was deter ...200818998531
kinetics of carotenoids degradation during the storage of einkorn (triticum monococcum l. ssp. monococcum) and bread wheat (triticum aestivum l. ssp. aestivum) flours.to evaluate the effect of storage temperature, the degradation kinetics of carotenoids in wholemeal and white flour of einkorn cv. monlis and bread wheat cv. serio, stored at -20, 5, 20, 30, and 38 degrees c, was assessed by normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. in monlis, the carotenoids content (8.1 and 9.8 mg/kg for wholemeal and white flour, respectively) was 8-fold higher than in serio (1.0 and 1.1 mg/kg). only lutein and zeaxanthin were detected in bread wheat, while signifi ...200818998697
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