Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| phage types of salmonella typhi isolated in malaysia over the 10-year period 1970-1979. | the pattern of phage types of 2553 strains of salmonella typhi isolated over the 10-year period 1970-9 was studied. during the period 29 different phage types were encountered, not including the categories of 'untypable strains', 'degraded vi-strains' and vi negative strains. for the period as a whole, the commonest phage types encountered were a (20.9%), e1 (14.8%), d1 (10.3%), degraded vi positive strains (10.3%), untypable vi strains (7.3%), c4 (7.1%), d2 (4.4%), e2 (3.9%) and type 25 (2.6%). ... | 1983 | 6822730 |
| tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and clindamycin. | the tetracyclines are active in vitro against many urinary tract pathogens such as chlamydia, mycoplasma pneumoniae, brucella, rickettsiae, and nocardia. chloramphenicol is used primarily for anaerobic infections, haemophilus influenzae meningitis, and infections due to salmonella typhi. erythromycin is active in vitro against m. pneumoniae, legionella spp., streptococcus pneumoniae, and group a beta-hemolytic streptococci; it may also be used as prophylactic therapy for subacute bacterial endoc ... | 1983 | 6823163 |
| bacteriophage types of salmonella typhi in the united states from 1974 through 1981. | from 1974 through 1981, 4,089 isolates of salmonella typhi were phage typed at the centers for disease control and nine regional laboratories in the united states. the most prevalent types were degraded vi (27%), e1 (20.6%), a (9.8%), c1 (5.7%), untypable vi (3.5%), w form (3.5%), d1 (3.4%), b3 (3.4%), and f1 (2.4%). there were less than 2% of each of the remaining types. the distribution of phage types for this time period was similar to that seen in the periods 1966-1969 and 1970-1973, except ... | 1983 | 6826705 |
| significance and value of the widal test in the diagnosis of typhoid fever in an endemic area. | the diagnostic value of the widal test was assessed in an endemic area. the test was done on 300 normal individuals, 297 non-typhoidal fevers and 275 bacteriologically proven cases of typhoid. of 300 normal individuals, 2% had an h agglutinin titre of 1/160 and 5% had an o agglutinin titre of 1/160. on the basis of these criteria a significant h and/or o agglutinin titre of 1/320 or more was observed in 93-97% of typhoid cases and in only 3% of patients with non-typhoidal fever. of the sera from ... | 1983 | 6833514 |
| relative granulocytosis in childhood typhoid fever. | 1983 | 6834198 | |
| fecal elimination of salmonella antigens in typhoid fever. i. an epidemiological survey. | 1983 | 6838310 | |
| veterinary usage of chloramphenicol. | 1983 | 6845598 | |
| typhoid fever on an obstetrics-gynecology service. | 1983 | 6849339 | |
| [effect of antibiotics on blood culture and serodiagnosis in typhoid fever]. | 1983 | 6851444 | |
| differentiation of salmonella typhi using resistotyping. | 1983 | 6853395 | |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of human antibodies to salmonella typhi vi antigen. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to detect antibodies to salmonella typhi vi antigen in human serum, and the results were compared with those from a previously described hemagglutination assay (ha). the elisa detected vi antibodies at a titer of greater than or equal to 20 in 40 (52%) of 77 sera from typhoid fever patients, whereas the ha gave titers of greater than or equal to 20 in 35 (47%). determination of titers of serum specimens from 170 persons without typhoid f ... | 1983 | 6853689 |
| salmonella typhi meningitis. a case report. | a case of purulent salmonella typhi meningitis in a 5-month-old child is discussed. the patient was treated successfully with amoxycillin, and there were no neurological sequelae. s. typhi should be included in the differential diagnosis of gram-negative bacillary meningitis, especially in children from areas in which typhoid is endemic. | 1983 | 6857442 |
| [typhoid: evaluation of prevention by vaccination]. | 1983 | 6857565 | |
| [r plasmid distribution in s. typhi isolated on the territory of the left coast of the ukraine in 1970-1982]. | a total of 373 strains of s. typhi isolated in 1970-1982 were tested with respect to their sensitivity to 9 antibiotics active against gram-negative bacteria. it was shown that about 1/3 of the isolates were resistant to 1-3 antibiotics. among the resistant isolates the number of strains resistant to 4-5 and more antibiotics amounted to 12.5 per cent. the plasmid nature of the antibiotic resistance in the isolated strains of s. typhi was shown. transmissive r plasmids were detected in 13 per cen ... | 1983 | 6859826 |
| a study on the usefulness of counter immuno-electrophoresis for the detection of salmonella typhi antigen in the sera of suspected cases of enteric fever. | counter immuno-electrophoresis (cie) was used to detect the presence of salmonella typhi antigen and antibodies in the sera of 123 suspected cases of enteric fever. of these, 68 had been incompletely treated with various antibiotics before establishing the diagnosis. the sera of 31 (25%) of the 123 cases showed the presence of s. typhi antigen. blood culture was positive for s. typhi in only one case. antigen could be demonstrated in sera of patients with fever ranging from two to ten days. anti ... | 1983 | 6868099 |
| an ovarian cyst infected with salmonella typhi. case report. | 1983 | 6871137 | |
| [production of antibodies to influenza virus a by human lymphoid cells in vitro]. | the data are presented on studying the production of antibodies to influenza a (h3n2) virus by lymphoid cells of the amygdaline tonsils and mediastinal lymph nodes in vitro during stimulation of these cells with influenza virus or lipopolysaccharide of typhoid bacteria. | 1983 | 6871460 |
| antibody response to the protein antigens of "salmonella typhi" during typhoid infection and following vaccination with a live oral typhoid vaccine ty21a. | two protein antigens, named as s1da and s1db, common to many gram-negative bacteria, were prepared from an extract of salmonella typhi cells. antisera to s. typhi, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and pseudomonas aeruginosa, prepared by immunizing rabbits with acetone-treated cells of the corresponding bacterial species, all reacted against s1da and s1db as shown both by counterimmunoelectrophoresis (cie) and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). forty nine (98%) of the 50 tested ... | 1983 | 6873471 |
| characteristics of the attenuated oral vaccine strain "s. typhi" ty 21a. | the lack of a reliable in vitro test or animal model that can predict the potency of typhoid vaccines in man makes it extremely difficult to develop guidelines for the quality control of these vaccines. attenuated s. typhi strain ty 21a that has been shown to be safe and efficacious as live oral vaccine in clinical studies and in a controlled field trial, has been extensively characterized by genetical, biochemical and biological data. production of live oral typhoid vaccine ty 21a is based on a ... | 1983 | 6873472 |
| thermolabile antigens of "salmonella typhi". | somatic soluble antigens of s. typhi can be subdivided into three categories. these are: 1. thermolabile antigens (tl) at 100 degrees c or 121 degrees c. they showed two kind of fractions, by immunoelectrophoresis method, some anodic and others cathodic in migration. 2. thermostable haptens (th) at 100 degrees c or 121 degrees c. demonstrated by their capacity to absorb antibodies after heat treatment (100 degrees c or 121 degrees c) and to precipitate antibodies from antiserum produced with unh ... | 1983 | 6873475 |
| salmonella typhi facial infection. report of case. | the following case report describes the evaluation, assessment, and treatment of a facial infection due to salmonella typhi, caused by bites from the family's pet dog. the causative agent and the mode of transmission are unique in that there are no reported cases of this nature in the literature at this time. | 1980 | 6928305 |
| responsiveness of a human myelogenous leukemia cell line (kg-1) to humoral factors in vivo. | 1980 | 6931958 | |
| the effect of ddvp, an organophosphorus pesticide on the humoral and cell-mediated immunity of rabbits. | the effect of daily oral administration of ld50 1/40, 1/20 and 1/10 of an organophosphate pesticide ddvp (dichlorvos) was studied in rabbits for its effect on the humoral immune response after vaccination with salmonella typhi, as well as on cell-mediated immunity. serum antibody titers of treated animals showed a dose-dependent fall compared with the controls. the skin redness measured in the tuberculin test showed the same dose-dependent tendency. | 1980 | 6933898 |
| a clinical and aetiological study of adult patients hospitalised for acute diarrhoeal disease. | sixty adult patients with diarrhoea discharged from the infectious disease unit, auckland hospital in the 15 months from 1 january 1980 were reviewed. thirty had diarrhoea due to enteric organisms (campylobacter fetus 8, shigella 6, salmonella typhi 4, salmonella typhimurium 4, clostridium difficile causing pseudomembranous colitis 3). other diagnoses included ulcerative colitis and a colonic carcinoma. eighteen had no specific diagnosis. combinations of admission fever, faecal leucocytes and le ... | 1982 | 6952128 |
| salmonella typhimurium mutations affecting utilization of l-leucine beta-naphthylamide. | l-leucine-beta-naphthylamide (lna) will support growth of a leucine auxotroph of salmonella typhimurium. utilization of this compound depends on the presence in the cells of active peptidase n. selection for improved growth on a suboptimal concentration of lna yields mutants some of which contain elevated levels of peptidase n. the properties of these strains indicate that they carry tandem genetic duplication of the pepn locus: they show rec-dependent genetic instability; they contain an approx ... | 1982 | 6955584 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity of fluorinated analogs of chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol. | we evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial activity of sch 24893, sch 25298, and sch 25393, three novel analogs of chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol. all of the analogs had minimal inhibitory concentrations of less than or equal to 10 micrograms/ml for 18 chloramphenicol-thiamphenicol-resistant strains of shigella dysenteriae and 21 strains of resistant salmonella typhi. the analogs were also more active than were chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol against chloramphenicol-resistant enteric bacteria, ... | 1981 | 6957162 |
| [comparison of carminomycin and rubomycin action on the dynamics of the immune response to the t-independent vi-antigen of s. typhi]. | the effect of carminomycin and rubomycin on the dynamics of the primary immune response to t-independent vi-antigen of s. typhi was studied. differences in the character of the antibiotic effect indicative of the high selective effect of carminomycin on the multiplying cells or precursors of the antibody forming plasmocytes were noted. it was found that the carminomycin inhibitory effect on synthesis of hemagglutinins to vi-antigen was higher than that to sheep red blood cells. carminomycin was ... | 1980 | 6965576 |
| susceptibility of salmonella typhi to chloramphenicol, ampicillin and cotrimoxazole. | salmonella typhi isolated from the patients admitted to the hospital for tropical diseases, bangkok, were tested by the tube dilution method and the disc diffusion method against chloramphenicol, ampicillin and cotrimoxazole. forty-five percent of the s.typhi were resistant to chloramphenicol (mic greater than or equal to 50 microgram/ml) while 5% were resistant to ampicillin (mic greater than or equal to 12.5 microgram/ml). only 1% of the s. typhi was found to be resistant to cotrimoxazole (mic ... | 1980 | 6968979 |
| [effect of salmozan on the lymphocyte proliferative activity of rat blood]. | 1981 | 6971430 | |
| research on the radioprotecting action of thymic polypeptides and timosterin b. | administration of the tp2 polypeptidic thymic extract results in normalization of the rosette-forming capacity of the t spleen cells in the x-ray irradiated mouse. the radioprotecting effect was also noticed on the inhibition of macrophages migration in the x-ray irradiated rat inoculated with th salmonella typhi vaccine and treated with tp2 or with lipidic extract timosterin b. | 1981 | 6973186 |
| immunological studies in typhoid fever. i. immunoglobulins, c3, antibodies, rheumatoid factor and circulating immune complexes in patients with typhoid fever. | the development of o, h and vi antibodies to salmonella typhi antigens, immunoglobulins and c3 levels, and the presence of rheumatoid factor and circulating immune complexes were determined in the sera of patients with typhoid fever and appropriate age and sex-matched controls. igm, and both o and h antibodies were raised in typhoid patients. rheumatoid factor, a possible indicator of persistent circulating immune complexes, was also present in these patients. immune complexes were more often pr ... | 1981 | 6973435 |
| a study of drug resistance among salmonella typhi and salmonella paratyphi a in an endemic area, 1977-79. | tests for antibiotic resistance were carried out on 198 strains of salmonella typhi and s. paratyphi a isolated from cases of enteric fevers. their minimal inhibitory concentrations for streptomycin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, furazolidine and co-trimoxazole were estimated by plate dilution technique. four strains of s. typhi and one strain of s. paratyphi a were found to show multiple resistance with a set pattern of resistance to chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulphonamide, tetracycline and ... | 1981 | 6973847 |
| beta-lactamase activity in a strain of salmonella typhi. | 1981 | 6974727 | |
| [increase in the number of antibody-secreting cells and cells secreting non-specific immunoglobulins following mouse immunization with t-dependent and t-independent antigens]. | balb/c mice were immunized with sheep red blood cells (t-dependent antigen) or with vi-antigen salmonella typhi (t-independent antigen). the kinetics of the development of antibody-forming and nonspecific immunoglobulin-forming cells (afc and nifc) was examined. it was shown that both antigens induce an increase in the nifc number. the time course of afc and nifc growth during the primary and secondary immune responses appeared to be similar. simultaneous injection of both antigens resulted in t ... | 1981 | 6975132 |
| modification of lymphocyte dna synthesis by alpha 1-antitrypsin. | purified human alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-at) was shown to inhibit 3h-thymidine incorporation into mouse or human lymphocytes stimulated by various mitogens or by allogeneic cells. in the mouse, both b- and t-cell responses were affected. in the human, proliferative responses of peripheral blood lymphocytes, thymocytes and t-enriched tonsillar lymphocytes to phytohaemagglutinin were inhibited as well as that of tonsillar lymphocytes to salmonella typhi-murium lipopolysaccharide. spontaneous 3h ... | 1981 | 6977309 |
| further studies on the mechanism of marrow granulocytic hyperplasia in mice chronically injected with endotoxin. | marrow granulocytic hyperplasia occurs regularly in mice injected with endotoxin for 7--30 d, despite minimal elevations of serum colony-stimulating activity (csa). alterations in marrow granulocyte-monocyte progenitor (cfu-c) number of changes in marrow cell cycle status do not explain this hyperplasia. we have studied other mechanisms which may explain this increased granulopoiesis. cf1, bdf1 or c57bl/6j mice were infected with 10 micrograms of s. typhosa endotoxin i.p. daily for 7--20 d. cont ... | 1982 | 6977373 |
| [sensitivity of salmonella typhi to antimicrobials used clinically]. | 1981 | 6979069 | |
| health and safety in medical laboratories. | there has been a large increase in the number of persons employed in medical laboratories in the last 25 years. these workers are exposed to a variety of infective agents in the course of their work, the most important being mycobacterium tuberculosis, salmonella typhi, brucella spp., and serum hepatitis virus. chemical and physical hazards include toxic chemicals, lacerations, skin disease, and possibly cancer. current knowledge of safe working practice in laboratories leaves much to be desired ... | 1982 | 6979421 |
| response of typhoid fever caused by chloramphenicol-susceptible and chloramphenicol-resistant strains of salmonella typhi to treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. | chloramphenicol remains the drug of choice for the treatment of typhoid fever in most areas despite the risks of relapses and toxicity. in a comparison of the efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz) and chloramphenicol against typhoid fever, 60 patients in indonesia were randomly assigned to receive either tmp-smz (320 mg of tmp and 1,600 mg of smz daily) or chloramphenicol (2 g daily) for 14 days. tmp-smz was significantly more effective in sterilizing the blood, but the two drugs w ... | 1982 | 6981171 |
| chloramphenicol in the treatment of enteric fever. | chloramphenicol is still very effective for acute enteric fever. a literature survey does not confirm the repeated claims of decreasing efficacy over the past 20 years (not taking into account the r factor mediated resistance noted since 1972/73). however, there have been regional variations in the time needed to achieve defervescence under chloramphenicol treatment since the early 1950s. when comparing alternative antimicrobials with chloramphenicol other criteria apart from clinical efficacy h ... | 1982 | 6984548 |
| [microbial infections of the small and large intestine]. | 1980 | 6990537 | |
| identification of salmonella typhi in faecal specimens by an antiserum-agar method. | an antiserum-agar technique was evaluated as a method for detecting salmonella typhi in faeces. thirty-one laboratory strains of s. typhi produced immunoprecipitate haloes during overnight growth on ss agar and blood-agar-base infusion agar (bab) containing donkey antiserum to a vaccine strain of s. typhi. other salmonella species sharing o serogroup antigens with s. typhi also produced haloes when streaked in pure culture on ss-antiserum agar but not on bab-antiserum agar. one hundred and forty ... | 1980 | 6991704 |
| acquisition of typhoid fever from proficiency-testing specimens. | 1980 | 6993950 | |
| [surgical procedure for salmonellosis of the urogenital tract (author's transl)]. | a 45-year-old man with multiple abscesses caused by salmonella typhi murium in the left kidney is presented. the patient had bilateral polycystic renal degeneration and terminal renal insufficiency. the illness manifested itself clinically as a case of septicaemia which did not respond to antibiotic treatment, and pain in the left flank. there was concomitant haematuria. the patient was treated with dicumarol for thrombosis of the chimino shunt. the symptoms receded following nephrectomy. the pa ... | 1980 | 6997208 |
| [rapid detection and identification of plasmids belonging to the h incompatibility group and infecting epidemic strains of "salmonella typhi-murium" (author's transl)]. | among 150 strains of salmonella of various serotypes and from different origins, 64 are resistant to k2teo3 10(-4) m. in these strains te resistance always coded by r plasmids which are members of the h incompatibility group. this type of plasmids are very easy to detect and to identify. we suggest that resistance to te should be examined routinely for salmonella. | 1980 | 6999955 |
| diagnosis of salmonella typhi by culture of duodenal string capsule. | 1981 | 7001244 | |
| faecal excretion of entero-pathogens in a pakistani family returning to the u.k. after a visit to rawalpindi. | the family consisted of two parents and five children. while the father remained in cardiff, the mother and all the children visited rawalpindi, pakistan, for 6 weeks to stay with relatives. travel was by flight from heathrow airport to pakistan and by a short road journey to rawalpindi. mrs m. - the mother - as a guest, did no cooking on the holiday. the house which they were living in had a piped water supply, thought to be treated. there was no flush toilet but a commode was available and was ... | 1980 | 7005329 |
| a suppurative ovarian cyst in pregnancy due to salmonella typhi. | a 23-year-old primigravida with suppurative ovarian dermoid cyst due to salmonella typhi is presented. the organism could not be isolated from the blood, faeces or urine and it was felt that the patient was an example of non-excretory carrier in whom s. typhi was lying dormant in the ovarian tissue for a long time. | 1980 | 7006065 |
| protective immunity and the cell-mediated immune response in mice following oral administration of an avirulent strain of salmonella typhimurium. | oral vaccination with salmonella typhi-murium m 206 has been shown to confer highly significant protection on balb/c and low-responder (lr) biozzi mice a 30 days, but no protection was observed in high-responder (hr) biozzi mice. none of the three strains showed any evidence of significant protection 10 days after primary vaccination. a correlation was noted between the degree of protection and the results of tests measuring cell-mediated immunity, both in vitro (mif test), and in vivo (colloida ... | 1980 | 7006484 |
| [experimental infection by "salmonella typhi-murium": protective role of homologous ribosomal extracts in calves (author's transl)]. | eleven calves, 6 months old, vaccinated or not, have been infected experimentally with 10(7) salmonella typhi-murium, administered by oral route. the control calves had a serious illness, characterized by a severe diarrhoea, hepatic and renal symptoms and a heavy infestation of the main organs. the other five calves, which were orally and subcutaneously vaccinated with ribosomal extracts of s. typhi-murium and s. dublin showed only a moderate alteration of their health while biochemical disorder ... | 1980 | 7006485 |
| improved serodiagnosis of salmonella enteric fevers by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the value of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the serological diagnosis of typhoid or paratyphoid fevers was tested with a collection of five sets of sera from 23 individuals who had no history of salmonella infection from a nonendemic area (set 1) and from 143 patients from a highly endemic area (sets 2 to 5). the test was performed with a crude cell envelope fraction derived from salmonella typhi. on the basis of results with sera in set 1, titers >160 (inverse of serum diluti ... | 1981 | 7007413 |
| chloramphenicol resistant strains in salmonellosis in jakarta. | during an observation period of 20 months (from january 1978 to september 1979) 123 children with clinically suspected salmonellosis were admitted to the department of pediatrics, 70 males and 53 females varying in age from 17 days to 14 years. s. typhi or s. enteriditis was isolated from the stool, urine, blood or cerebrospinal fluid in 85% (105/123) of the cases. the results of the microbiologic examination showed that 28 out of the 105 cases (27%) were resistant to chloramphenicol of which th ... | 1980 | 7013096 |
| [an elisa study of the intestinal and serum anti-lps antibody response in balb/c mice fed with various mutants of "salmonella typhi-murium" (author's transl)]. | the specific anti-lps serum antibody response in balb/c mice, before and after an oral booster with different non-pathogenic strains of salmonella typhi-murium, was measured by an elisa technique. serum response to lps was found to depend on the length of the lps polysaccharide moiety in "rough" mutants. the m206 "smooth" mutant induced a less marked anti-lps response. the immunogenicity of the polysaccharidic "core" appears to be modified by the o antigen. the specific antibody response in the ... | 1981 | 7020524 |
| possible contribution of platelets to the pathophysiology of host responses of endotoxin. | 1981 | 7025011 | |
| salmonella infections in singapore. | the incidence of typhoid and paratyphoid in singapore from 1976 to 1979 is reviewed. common vi-phage types were a, b1, b2, d1, d2 and e1. most of the paratyphoid cases were imported but an outbreak of paratyphoid a started in 1979 for the first time in singapore with a predominance of untypable phage type strains. most of the strains of salmonella typi and salmonella paratyphi a & b were susceptible to antibiotics, except for 4 strains of s typhi isolated from imported cases. infections caused b ... | 1981 | 7025739 |
| [human serological response to enterobacteriaceae common antigen. iii. occurrence and levels of antibodies to cae and the participation of igm and igg in antibody activity against the antigen]. | 1980 | 7031386 | |
| phagocytosis and binding via complement receptors by salivary polymorphonuclear leukocytes. modulation by saliva and gingival exudate. | the ability of oral polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) to phagocytose candida albicans cells and bind salmonella typhi via complement receptors was investigated. a significantly higher percent of oral pmns could phagocytose and bind via complement receptors as compared to peripheral blood pmns. while treatment of peripheral blood pmns with the donor's saliva caused an increase in the number of complement-receptor bearing cells, as well as a partial increase in phagocytosis, pmns treated with gi ... | 1981 | 7035354 |
| towards serodiagnosis of serratia marcescens infections: examination of sera from noninfected patients and from experimentally infected rabbits for anti-h and anti-o antibodies; s. marcescens o-antigen cross-reactions with those of other enterobacteriaceae. | sera from 100 patients not infected with serratia marcescens at the time of hospital admission lacked detectable h-immobilizing antibodies against all 20 currently recognized h-antigens of this microorganism. however, various patient sera revealed elevated titers of o-agglutinins against several of the 20 o-antigens of s. marcescens, in a particular o-antigens, o1, o3, o4, o5, o7, o8, o10, o11, o16, o17, o18, o19, and o20. rabbit anti-shigella serogroup b immune serum cross-reacted with s. marce ... | 1981 | 7036590 |
| a controlled field trial of live salmonella typhi strain ty 21a oral vaccine against typhoid: three-year results. | a controlled field trial of salmonella typhi strain ty 21a oral vaccine against typhoid was carried out in alexandria, egypt, from march 1978 to march 1981. a total of 32,388 children was included in the study. the children were divided in two comparable groups, one given three doses of vaccine and the other three doses of placebo. each dose of vaccine contained 1-8 x 10(9) live ty 21a bacteria. the population was monitored, and each suspected case of typhoid was investigated bacteriologically a ... | 1982 | 7037982 |
| the detoxifying effect of varying concentrations of sodium hypochlorite on endotoxins. | 1982 | 7038019 | |
| [factors affecting potency during the production of typhoid vaccine]. | 1981 | 7038910 | |
| [production of typhoid vaccine by fermentation]. | 1981 | 7038911 | |
| antibody forming cells in long-term culture of rabbit bone marrow cells. | bone marrow cells from 4 lps-immunized rabbits were cultured in liquid media for 10 weeks and anti-lps direct plaque-forming cells were enumerated periodically. plaque-forming cells decreased for the first 2-4 weeks then increased without addition of lps. this increase in the number of plaque-forming cells might be ascribed to the differentiation of committed precursors and/or the proliferation of plaque-forming cells. | 1981 | 7039709 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of salmonella typhi vi antigen in urine from typhoid patients. | because typhoid fever continues to be a major cause of illness in many developing countries, there is a clear need for a sensitive and specific test that will permit rapid laboratory diagnosis of the disease. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) has recently been developed and tested, both in the laboratory and in a clinical situation, for its ability to detect vi antigen in urine. the elisa was capable of detecting as little as 1 ng of purified vi antigen per ml in urine, compared with ... | 1982 | 7040446 |
| [experimental verification of the possibilities of a method for predicting the continuous cultivation of microorganisms based on data on their periodic growth]. | experiments realizing the processes of the continuous cultivation of s. typhi have confirmed the suitability of using the graphic method for the prognosing of these processes (luedeking and piret, 1959) on the basis of the data on their batch cultivation. the method ensures good conformity with the experimental data. it allows one to determine not only microbial concentration by giving the values of the dilution rate, but also the required dilation rate by giving the values of microbial concentr ... | 1982 | 7043980 |
| [recurrent bilateral iritis in a case of salmonellosis (author's transl)]. | case report on a 24-year-old patient with bilateral recurrent iritis with salmonellosis (bacterial food poisoning). the stool test revealed salmonella typhi murium. it is remarkable that, in spite of a careful general anamnesis, the patient at first failed to mention the gastroenteric symptoms. | 1982 | 7045507 |
| intestinal immunoglobulin a responses in rabbits to a salmonella typhi strain harboring a shigella sonnei plasmid. | salmonella typhi 5076-ic, which contains a plasmid that encodes the form i antigen of shigella sonnei and which expresses s. typhi 9 and 12 and s. sonnei form i antigens, was used to immunize rabbits via chronically isolated ileal loops. intestinal immunoglobulin a activity was detected against s. typhi, s. sonnei form i, and s. typhi strain 5076-ic. thus s. typhi 5076-ic can effectively elicit mucosal immunoglobulin a to both s. typhi and s. sonnei. | 1982 | 7049953 |
| [sensitivity of algerian salmonella strains to antibiotics and sulfonamides]. | four hundred and fourty two algerian strains of salmonella, including 392 strains of s. typhi and 50 strains of s. wien were studied with respect to their sensitivity to 36 antibiotics, nitrofurans and sulfonamides. it was found that the hemocultures of salmonella had a low sensitivity to penicillin and a markedly pronounced sensitivity to ampicillin and tetracyclines. the coprocultures were resistant to these antibiotics. the hemocultures were more sensitive to cephalosporins, streptomycin, lev ... | 1982 | 7059143 |
| canine cyclic haematopoiesis: the effect of endotoxin on erythropoiesis. | we have examined the effects of chronic endotoxin treatment on erythropoiesis in six grey collies with cyclic haematopoiesis. blood reticulocytes, bone marrow erythroid colony (ec) forming cells, serum iron and erythropoietin (esf) values showed regular periodic fluctuations in untreated grey collies. daily endotoxin injections eliminated the cyclic fluctuations of reticulocytes and ec. the mean serum iron values were increased and recurrent hypoferraemia eliminated, while the mean serum esf val ... | 1982 | 7059519 |
| the geographical distribution of salmonella typhi and salmonella paratyphi a and b phage types during the period 1 january 1970 to 31 december 1973. a report of the international federation for enteric phage-typing (ifept). | the frequency distribution is presented of the vi-phage types of salmonella typhi and of the phage types of s. paratyphi a and s. paratyphi b, examined by the national centres represented in the ifept from 1970 to 1974. the most common types encountered in this international study were a and e1 (= e 1 a), as has been previously observed. there was, however, a wide range of types, many of which are characteristic of particular geographical zones. the occurrence of such types out of their habitual ... | 1982 | 7061837 |
| cefamandole treatment of salmonella bacteremia. | the efficacy of cefamandole in the treatment of 19 patients with salmonella bacteremia was evaluated. although all of the salmonella strains isolated were highly susceptible to cefamandole in vitro, a therapeutic failure was observed in 7 (36.8%) of the 19 patients. | 1982 | 7073269 |
| immunological studies in typhoid fever. ii. cell-mediated immune responses and lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with typhoid fever. | the development of the cell-mediated immune response (cmir) to antigens prepared from salmonella typhi was investigated in patients suffering from typhoid fever and in normal healthy subjects. the leucocyte migration inhibition test, blast transformation of lymphocytes and active rosette-forming cells were used for detecting cmir. peripheral blood lymphocytes were analysed for the numbers and proportions of b lymphocytes, t lymphocytes and their subpopulations with receptors for igm (t micro) or ... | 1982 | 7075024 |
| cell mediated and humoral immune responses in human typhoid fever. | the leucocyte migration inhibition test (lmit) and the widal test have been used to investigate the cell mediated (cmir) and humoral immune responses (hir) in 43 typhoid patients in comparison with the responses in 83 control subjects in two groups (65 normal persons and 18 sewerage workers) who were occupationally exposed to human faeces. the patients and the sewerage workers showed significantly higher cmir than the normal persons. the o, h, and vi antibody titres were significantly higher in ... | 1982 | 7080181 |
| [effect of typhoid endotoxin and its lipid component on the lipid concentration of myocardial tissue of mice]. | content of triacylglycerides and cholesterol esters was rapidly and distinctly increased while di- and monoacylglycerides appeared in heart muscle after intraperitoneal administration of hyphoid endotoxin into mice. concentration of free fatty acids exceeded 3-fold the initial level within a day. at the same time, content of free cholesterol was also increased. lipid fractions (lipids a and b) isolated from the lipopolysaccharides altered distinctly the lipid composition in mice myocardium. an i ... | 1982 | 7080477 |
| [erythrocyte tanning and the characteristics of protein sensitins]. | 1982 | 7080743 | |
| [potential use of infrared spectroscopy for the quantitative characterization of the chemical composition of salmonella typhi preparations]. | the possibility of using infrared spectroscopy for the evaluation of the chemical composition of s. typhi preparations is shown. the existence of a clear-cut correlation between the optical density of adsorption bands in the region between 1,665 and 1,100 cm-1 and the content of protein, polysaccharide and nucleic acids in the preparations subjected to analysis has been revealed. the character of changes in the infrared spectra of the preparations at different stages of deep cultivation has been ... | 1982 | 7080745 |
| duodenal intubation as a source of typhoid fever. | typhoid fever developed in three patients during a period of 13 weeks. although each of these patients was admitted to a different london hospital, the patients became ill approximately 10 days after undergoing duodenal intubation in one gastroenterology unit. all other patients who had undergone duodenal intubation in the unit during that period of time were investigated. salmonella typhi was isolated from bile and feces of two out of the 20 other patients (carriers). in each of the three patie ... | 1982 | 7083989 |
| phage type pattern of salmonella typhi and s. paratyphi a prevalent at manipal--a six year study. | 1982 | 7085014 | |
| [typhic cholecystitis]. | 1982 | 7089366 | |
| [attempts at demonstrating the schistosoma-salmonella relationship. in vivo and in vitro studies]. | the optical microscopy (on histological preparations) and scanning observations of schistosoma mansoni is conducted in the presence of various species of salmonella. it is well-obtained that the schistosoma maturity, its metabolic activity and the action of antibodies anti-salmonella have influenced the bacterian fixation on the worm. an hypothesis about the possible mechanism of this attachment is then developed and also an hypothesis about the protection of bacteria against antibiotherapy amon ... | 1982 | 7105291 |
| studies of cellular and humoral immunity in typhoid fever and tab vaccinated subjects. | an assessment of both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to salmonella typhi antigens in patients with acute typhoid infection, tab inoculated subjects and in healthy controls is reported. cell-mediated immunity as assessed by the leucocyte migration inhibition test (lmi), and developed in all cases with typhoid fever. positive lmi was evident in the first week of the illness and was maintained during the evolution of disease and in some patients was still present after a year. it also d ... | 1982 | 7105490 |
| changes in high density lipoprotein content following endotoxin administration in the mouse. formation of serum amyloid protein-rich subfractions. | bacterial endotoxin is a potent inducer of the serum amyloid protein (apo-saa), a high density lipoprotein (hdl) apoprotein. in a study of the induction of apo-saa and the structure of apo-saa-rich lipoprotein particles in mice, we have observed that, following intraperitoneal administration of salmonella typhosa lipopolysaccharide (50 micrograms), plasma apo-saa levels rose from base-line levels of less than 1% to greater than 20% of the hdl protein content at 20 h postinjection. no changes in ... | 1982 | 7107614 |
| evaluation of two salmonella typhi strains with reduced virulence for use in teaching and proficiency testing. | a total of 21 cases of laboratory-acquired typhoid fever associated with teaching and proficiency tests occurred in the united states during a 33-month period, prompting a search for less virulent strains of s. typhi which would be suitable for teaching purposes. two strains were evaluated which are reported to have reduced virulence for mice. strain ty21a is a genetically constructed mutant that lacks the enzyme udp-glucose-4-epimerase. this strain has reduced virulence for humans if grown unde ... | 1982 | 7107842 |
| [bone marrow culture in the diagnosis of typhoid fever]. | 1982 | 7110398 | |
| [pneumoperitonitis caused by salmonella typhi]. | 1982 | 7110420 | |
| mediatory role of stem cell derived cells in lps-induced splenic cfus accumulation. | injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (lps) in lps-responsive mice produces a transient increase of cfus in spleen and blood but not in bone marrow. the cellular aspects of the mechanism underlying this response of the hemopoietic system to lps were investigated. bone marrow cells from lps-high responder mice (bmc-h) of the c3heb/fej and c57bl/scsn strains were transferred to lethally irradiated histocompatible lps-low responder c3h/hej and c57bl/10/sccr mice and vice versa. six to ten week ... | 1982 | 7117423 |
| salmonella typhi epidural abscess occurring 47 years after typhoid fever. case report. | 1982 | 7131079 | |
| on the pyrogenic action of intravenous lipid a in rabbits. | 1. previous evidence purporting to show that lipid a is the pyrogenic moiety of endotoxin is demonstrably inconclusive. 2. we have extracted lipid a from endotoxin of salmonella typhosa and tested the pyrogenic action of the lipid a, the residual polysaccharide and the parent endotoxin, by intravenous injection in conscious rabbits. 3. lipid a dissolved in an aqueous solution of rabbit serum albumin induced a significant pyrexia of short latency, while neither rabbit serum albumin alone, nor the ... | 1982 | 7131316 |
| [hemoculture and bone marrow culture in children with typhoid fever]. | 1982 | 7138639 | |
| an analysis of salmonella phage types in different regions of bombay. | 1982 | 7141499 | |
| neutralization of bacteria- and endotoxin-induced hypotension by lipoprotein-free human serum. | normal human serum and a fraction rich in lipoprotein, cohn fraction iv1, have been shown in previous studies to detoxify native endotoxin by decreasing lethality for mice, fever in rabbits, and by the alteration of the characteristic endotoxin-anti-endotoxin precipitin pattern in gels. these studies are extended herein and document the ability of normal human serum and fraction iv1 to neutralize the induction of hypotension in rabbits by viable gram-negative bacilli. further fractionation of se ... | 1982 | 7141687 |
| precise estimation of the numbers of chronic carriers of salmonella typhi in santiago, chile, an endemic area. | as part of a program to control endemic typhoid fever in santiago, chile, an assessment was made of the magnitude of the reservoir of chronic carriers of salmonella typhi. the availability of an accurate census and reliable data on the prevalence of biliary disease and of s. typhi carriage among persons with cholecystitis allowed an unusually precise estimate of the number of carriers. in 1980 there existed 25,019 female and 4,575 male carries in a population of 4,264,514, yielding a crude preva ... | 1982 | 7142746 |
| [levels of anti-typhoid agglutinins in patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis]. | 1982 | 7146817 | |
| classification of cell lines derived from undifferentiated lymphomas according to their expression of complement and epstein-barr virus receptors: implications for the relationship between african and american burkitt's lymphoma. | 1982 | 7151335 | |
| genetic stability of inch1 and other incompatibility group r-plasmids in salmonella typhi. | 1982 | 7152559 | |
| a rapid technique for the detection of flagellar antibodies to salmonella typhi. | 1982 | 7152560 | |
| cell mediated immunity to salmonella typhi in normal population of madras (india). an endemic area for typhoid fever. | 1982 | 7152583 | |
| innate resistance of mice to salmonella typhi infection. | the basis for the natural resistance of mice to salmonella typhi was examined. in contrast to salmonella typhimurium, the virulence of s. typhi for mice was independent of the mouse strain and was not affected by inactivation of murine macrophages with silica. however, mice were more susceptible to s. typhi when given iron alone or iron and an iron chelator. the results suggest that the failure of s. typhi to undergo net growth in murine tissues reflects an inability of the bacterium to multiply ... | 1982 | 7152679 |
| [epidemiological bases of the immunoprophylaxis of typhoid fever under modern conditions]. | 1982 | 7158161 | |
| typhoid fever in children. | 1982 | 7162834 |