Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| critical factors affecting the diagnostic reliability of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay formats. | this paper aims to evaluate different formats of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for detection of virus-specific antibodies and focuses on factors that may influence the diagnostic reliability of such tests. newly developed and well-established elisas for detection of infections of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), classical swine fever virus (csfv), pseudorabies virus (prv) and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) are used as examples. differ ... | 1998 | 9713894 |
| respiratory virus infection and otitis media. | 1998 | 9714651 | |
| the recombinant klebsiella pneumoniae outer membrane protein ompa has carrier properties for conjugated antigenic peptides. | klebsiella pneumoniae ompa, the 40-kda major protein of the outer membrane, was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the recombinant protein was produced intracellularly in e. coli as inclusion bodies. fusion of a short peptide to the n-terminus of native p40 facilitated high-level expression of the recombinant protein. purified recombinant p40 was analyzed to verify purity and structural integrity. the molecular mass of purified recombinant p40 determined by electrospray mass spectrometry ... | 1998 | 9716387 |
| the immunostimulating complex (iscom) is an efficient mucosal delivery system for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) envelope antigens inducing high local and systemic antibody responses. | iscom is an efficient mucosal delivery system for rsv envelope proteins as measured by antibody responses in respiratory tract secretions and in sera of mice following two intranasal (i.n.) administrations. intranasally administered rsv iscoms induced high levels of iga antibodies both in the upper respiratory tract and in the lungs. in the lungs, a prominent and long-lasting iga response was recorded, which still persisted 22 weeks after the second i.n. immunization when the experiment ended. s ... | 1998 | 9717973 |
| [the evaluation by indirect immunofluorescence of the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus in acute respiratory disorders in infants]. | 1998 | 9718753 | |
| antigenic and genomic diversity of central european respiratory syncytial virus strains. | thirty-two rsv strains recovered during the winter months of 1987/88 to 1993/94 from hospitalized children in vienna, austria and zagreb, croatia were analysed for antigenic and genetic variations. twenty-nine of the 32 isolates investigated belonged to group a and 3 to group b, with the majority of infections caused by subgroup a1 (21 of 29). restriction endonuclease mapping of pcr products derived from parts of the n and g gene of 18 group a strains identified 3 distinct lineages, very similar ... | 1998 | 9722887 |
| palivizumab, a humanized respiratory syncytial virus monoclonal antibody, reduces hospitalization from respiratory syncytial virus infection in high-risk infants. | objective. to determine the safety and efficacy of prophylaxis with palivizumab in reducing the incidence of hospitalization because of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in high-risk infants. methods. a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted at 139 centers in the united states, the united kingdom, and canada. during the 1996 to 1997 rsv season, 1502 children with prematurity (</=35 weeks) or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd) were randomized to receive 5 injecti ... | 1998 | 9724660 |
| subcellular site of expression and route of vaccination influence pulmonary eosinophilia following respiratory syncytial virus challenge in balb/c mice sensitized to the attachment g protein. | the attachment glycoprotein (g) of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is synthesized as two mature forms: a membrane-anchored form and a smaller secreted form. mutant cdnas were constructed that encoded one or the other form of the protein and were expressed in recombinant vaccinia viruses (rvv). mice were immunized with rvv by dermal scarification or i.p. injection to determine the contribution of the membrane-anchored and secreted forms of the g protein on the augmentation of pulmonary patholog ... | 1998 | 9725246 |
| characterization of the interaction of the human respiratory syncytial virus phosphoprotein and nucleocapsid protein using the two-hybrid system. | the interaction between the human respiratory syncytial virus phosphoprotein (p) and nucleocapsid (n) protein has been investigated using the two hybrid system in yeast and in tissue culture cells. deletion analysis identified two regions in the p protein involved in this interaction. the immediate carboxy-terminal 20 amino acids were essential for interaction with the n protein. point mutations in this region demonstrated that alteration of two conserved, phosphorylated, serine residues reduced ... | 1998 | 9725669 |
| detection of mycoplasma pneumoniae in the airways of adults with chronic asthma. | infection with mycoplasma pneumoniae has been shown to exacerbate asthma in humans. however, the role of m. pneumoniae in the pathogenesis of chronic asthma has not been defined. eighteen asthmatics with chronic, stable asthma and 11 nonasthmatic control subjects underwent evaluation of the upper and lower airways and serologic analysis to determine the presence of m. pneumoniae, chlamydia pneumoniae, and seven respiratory viruses through culture, enzyme-linked immunoassay (eia) and polymerase c ... | 1998 | 9731038 |
| novel anti-respiratory syncytial(rs) viral compounds: benzodithiin derivatives. | benzodithiin derivatives are highly potent and specific inhibitors of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) replication in vitro. the most potent and selective congener of a benzodithiin derivative is 1,4-dihydro-2,3-benzodithiin(rd3-0028). according to the modified 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (mtt) assay developed in our laboratories, this compound has a 50% effective concentration of 4.5 microm and a 50% cytotoxic concentration of 271.0 microm, which is superior ... | 1998 | 9731237 |
| health evaluation of free-ranging guanaco (lama guanicoe). | twenty free-ranging guanaco (lama guanicoe) in chubut province, argentina, were immobilized for health evaluations. all but two animals appeared to be in good condition. hematology, serum chemistry, and vitamin and mineral levels were measured, and feces were evaluated for parasites. serology tests included bluetongue, brucellosis, bovine respiratory syncitial virus, bovine viral diarrhea/mucosal disease, equine herpesvirus 1, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, johne's disease (mycobacterium par ... | 1998 | 9732026 |
| long-term viral serology of semi-free-living and captive ungulates. | between 1973 and 1994, blood samples were collected at whipsnade wild animal park (uk) from three ungulate species kept in enclosures, including 28 european bison (bison bonasus), 37 scimitar-horned oryx (oryx dammah), and 49 père david's deer (elaphurus davidianus), and also from 144 semi-free-living chinese water deer (hydropotes inermis). these samples were tested for the presence of antibodies against three bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv)-like strains, three alpha-herpesvirus strains, enz ... | 1998 | 9732031 |
| increased number of t cells committed to il-5 production after respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection of human mononuclear cells in vitro. | we examined changes in the cytokine profile of t cells induced by in vitro infection with rsv. isolated mononuclear cells from 27 healthy adults and six infants were infected with rsv at a concentration of 3 moi (multiplicity of infection). after 48 h cells were restimulated with phorbol ester and ionomycin in the presence of monensin for 5 h. the intracellular expression of viral antigen, the cytokines il-2, il-4, il-5, interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma), and the expression of surface markers were as ... | 1998 | 9737676 |
| multiplex pcr for typing and subtyping influenza and respiratory syncytial viruses. | a multiplex reverse transcription (rt)-pcr method that has been developed is capable of detecting and subtyping influenza a (h1n1 and h3n2) and b viruses as well as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) types a and b in respiratory clinical samples taken as part of a national community-based surveillance program of influenza-like illness in england and wales. the detection of each different pathogen depended on distinguishing five amplification products of different sizes on agarose gels following r ... | 1998 | 9738055 |
| palivizumab, a humanized respiratory syncytial virus monoclonal antibody, reduces hospitalization from respiratory syncytial virus infection in high-risk infants. the impact-rsv study group. | to determine the safety and efficacy of prophylaxis with palivizumab in reducing the incidence of hospitalization because of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in high-risk infants. | 1998 | 9738173 |
| humanized monoclonal antibody for prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 1998 | 9738192 | |
| polymerase chain reaction-based detection of rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and coronavirus in otitis media with effusion. | to study the association of human rhinovirus (hrv), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and human coronavirus infections in children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (ome). to determine how long hrv rna can be detected after hrv infection. | 1998 | 9738723 |
| a 7-week-old boy with respiratory congestion. | 1998 | 9738735 | |
| monoclonal antibody approved for rsv disease prevention. | 1998 | 9740895 | |
| do microbes with peptides mimicking myelin cause multiple sclerosis if the t cell response to their unique peptides is limited? | this hypothesis for the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis is based upon assumptions about the response of the t cell repertoire to pathogens. immunologic and epidemiologic observations of several conditions suggest that activation of t cells formed in early life mediate injury to the central nervous system. early in life, selection of lymphocytes by the thymus produces a weakly autoreactive t cell repertoire which, with the help of transient maternally-derived defenses, recognizes pathogens. th ... | 1998 | 9745761 |
| enhanced neutralization of human respiratory syncytial virus by mixtures of monoclonal antibodies to the attachment (g) glycoprotein. | neutralization of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) by monoclonal antibodies specific for the g protein was evaluated in a microneutralization test. only certain antibodies showed some degree of neutralization, reflected in a reduction of virus titre (10-20 times maximum), compared with negative controls. in contrast, a pool of antibodies that recognized conserved, group-specific and strain-specific epitopes showed a significant increase in virus neutralization (up to 500-1000 times). by ... | 1998 | 9747731 |
| circulation patterns of genetically distinct group a and b strains of human respiratory syncytial virus in a community. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is classified into two major groups, a and b, each of which contains multiple variants. to characterize the molecular epidemiology of hrsv strains over time, sequencing studies of a variable region of the attachment protein gene from a single community in the united states during 5 successive years were performed. phylogenetic analysis revealed distinct clades (genotypes) that were further classified in subtypes based on > or = 96% nucleotide similarity. ... | 1998 | 9747732 |
| sequence analysis of a functional polymerase (l) gene of bovine respiratory syncytial virus: determination of minimal trans-acting requirements for rna replication. | the complete nucleotide sequence of a functional clone of the large polymerase (l) gene of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) strain a51908 was determined by analysis of cloned cdnas obtained from genomic and mrnas. the brsv l gene is 6573 nt in length and the derived polypeptide has 2162 aa. alignment of the sequences of the brsv l gene, and its encoded protein, with sequences of the l gene and protein of human respiratory syncytial virus strain a2 showed 77% identity at the nucleotide l ... | 1998 | 9747733 |
| seasonal trends of viral respiratory tract infections in the tropics. | to evaluate the seasonal trends of viral respiratory tract infections in a tropical environment, a retrospective survey of laboratory virus isolation, serology and immunofluorescence microscopy in two large general hospitals in singapore between september 1990 and september 1994 was carried out. respiratory tract viral outbreaks, particularly among infants who required hospitalization, were found to be associated mainly with respiratory syncytial (rsv) infections (72%), influenza (11%) and parai ... | 1998 | 9747763 |
| [etiology and diagnostic of viral bronchopneumonias]. | community viral bronchopneumonias are frequent, mainly in children, and can be associated to all respiratory viruses: influenza- and parainfluenzavirus, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, rhinovirus. the diagnostic method which proves viral infection of the respiratory tissues is selected as the direct detection by an immunofluorescence assay of viral infected cells in respiratory samples. in them, viral isolation or nucleic acid detection by pcr provide an amplification of the viruses. by ... | 1998 | 9754220 |
| the effect of fluticasone propionate on respiratory syncytial virus-induced chemokine release by a human bronchial epithelial cell line. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of bronchiolitis in infants, is an important trigger of asthma exacerbation, and stimulates chemokine production by human respiratory epithelial cells in vitro. we tested the effect of the corticosteroid fluticasone propionate (fp) on rsv-stimulated production of the chemokines interleukin 8 (il-8) and rantes (regulated upon activation, normal t cell expressed and secreted) by a human bronchial epithelial cell line, beas-2b. confluent beas- ... | 1998 | 9754905 |
| asthma and respiratory syncytial virus infection in infancy: is there a link? | 1998 | 9756195 | |
| [syncytial respiratory virus infections and ribavirin]. | 1998 | 9759283 | |
| influence of concurrent bvdv infection on the igm response of calves experimentally infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | 1998 | 9762762 | |
| neutrophils induce damage to respiratory epithelial cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | the mechanisms by which respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection induces bronchiolitis and airway disease are unclear. the presence of large numbers of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) in the airways of infants with rsv infection suggests a potential role of pmn in airway injury associated with rsv infection. to investigate the potential role of neutrophils in rsv bronchiolitis, human alveolar type ii cells (a549 cells) were infected with different doses of rsv for 6-48 h. a 51cr-releasing ... | 1998 | 9762789 |
| surveillance of influenza in wales: interpreting sentinel general practice rates using contemporaneous laboratory data. opportunities and limitations. | to evaluate the opportunities and limitations of using laboratory data to enhance sentinel general practice surveillance of influenza. | 1998 | 9764268 |
| the apoptosis of neutrophils is accelerated in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced bronchiolitis. | neutrophils are the predominant inflammatory cell in the lung tissues and airways in rsv infection, and can augment the epithelial cell damage induced by rsv. neutrophil apoptosis has been suggested to be a mechanism to reduce the potential for tissue injury. the apoptosis of neutrophils from nasopharyngeal aspirates (npa) (n = 19) and peripheral blood (pb) of infants with rsv bronchiolitis (n = 11) and pb from healthy controls (n = 9) was investigated. monoclonal antibody against cd95 (fas) and ... | 1998 | 9764602 |
| cytotoxic t-lymphocyte precursor frequencies in balb/c mice after acute respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection or immunization with a formalin-inactivated rsv vaccine. | a better understanding of the immune response to live and formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is important for developing nonlive vaccines. in this study, major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i- and ii-restricted, rsv-specific cytotoxic t-lymphocyte precursor (ctlp) frequencies were determined in bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) samples and spleen lymphocytes of balb/c mice intranasally infected with live rsv or intramuscularly inoculated with formalin-inactivated rsv (fi- ... | 1998 | 9765442 |
| clinical care for patients receiving autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the home setting. | to undertake a pilot study of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) in the patient's home to improve satisfaction of care, reduce financial costs, and relieve pressure on inpatient accommodation. | 1998 | 9766296 |
| [serologic study for determining the circulation of respiratory viruses in havana city]. | during 1991, 2,400 serum samples from subjects under 15 years, and 2,400 serum samples from subjects with the same age or over 15 years were assessed against antigens of 7 respiratory viruses by the complement fixation test or by the haemagglutination inhibition technique. the results from these investigations allowed to determine the little circulation of the respiratory syncytial virus which may result in an increase of a susceptible population and the occurrence of outbreaks. the endemic stat ... | 1992 | 9768216 |
| [determination of complement-fixing antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus. longitudinal study in a population of less than 1 year of age in the city of havana]. | respiratory syncytial viruses (rsv) are considered among the most important agents causing acute respiratory infections in infants below 1 year of age. a 10-year longitudinal study of monosera from children under 15 years was carried out; 1,069 monosera from children under 1 year were studied using the rsv antigen complement-fixing technique. it was observed that there were short or longer periods between the peaks of positive sera and when they were compared with medical care reports, they show ... | 1994 | 9768240 |
| [subgroups classification of strains of the respiratory syncytial virus isolated in an outbreak in ciudad de la havana]. | a high number of acute respiratory diseases was detected among children under one year admitted in a hospital of havana city. 25 respiratory syncytial virus strains were obtained from 93 patients studied. viral isolations were multiplied in hep-2 cells and after observing a cytopathic effect of 80%, they were classified into subgroups by the indirect immunofluorescence technique, using anti-protein g antibodies from the respiratory syncytial virus. all the samples studied were classified within ... | 1996 | 9768286 |
| asthma and natural colds. inflammatory indices in induced sputum: a feasibility study. | we examined the feasibility of using induced sputum to evaluate the airway inflammatory response to natural acute respiratory virus infections. we recruited eight asthmatics and nine healthy subjects on day 4 of a cold. viral infection was confirmed in six of the asthmatics (influenza a or b) and six of the healthy subjects (influenza a, rhinovirus, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and coronavirus). in the subjects with confirmed virus infection, five of the asthmatics had an objective e ... | 1998 | 9769279 |
| ventricular arrhythmia associated with respiratory syncytial viral infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of lower respiratory infections in infants. cardiac arrhythmias are an uncommon complication in infants with rsv bronchiolitis. presumably, the arrhythmias may be secondary to rsv pericarditis, myocarditis, or some other infection of the heart. we report on a patient with rsv bronchiolitis who had clinical myocarditis complicated by ventricular tachycardia. | 1998 | 9770583 |
| direct detection of respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, and adenovirus in clinical respiratory specimens by a multiplex reverse transcription-pcr assay. | diagnosis of respiratory virus infections currently involves detection by isolation or antigen detection, which usually identifies only a single suspected agent. to permit identification of more than one respiratory virus in clinical specimens, a rapid detection method involving a single-step, multiplex reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) assay was developed. the assay included five primer sets that amplified the rna of respiratory syncytial virus subtypes a and b, parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, ... | 1998 | 9774555 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in older persons. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an increasingly recognized cause of serious disease in older adults. rsv causes excess morbidity and mortality in older persons residing in nursing homes and in the community. the study of rsv in adults has been hampered by the lack of sensitive methods for the diagnosis of acute infections. such tools are needed to better understand the epidemiology and immunology of rsv in adults. the immune status of older adults has begun to be explored and preliminary da ... | 1998 | 9778756 |
| recent approaches to the management and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 1998 | 9779348 | |
| safety and pharmacokinetics of an intramuscular humanized monoclonal antibody to respiratory syncytial virus in premature infants and infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. the medi-493 study group. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory disease in infants and children. medi-493 (palivizumab, synagis) is a humanized monoclonal igg1 antibody to the fusion protein of rsv, and it is highly active in vitro against rsv a and b strains. | 1998 | 9779762 |
| measles vaccine failure and infections. | 1998 | 9779782 | |
| pathogenesis of pneumovirus infections in mice: detection of pneumonia virus of mice and human respiratory syncytial virus mrna in lungs of infected mice by in situ hybridization. | the pathogenesis of pneumonia virus of mice (pvm) and human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) in balb/c mice were investigated by using in situ hybridization to detect virus mrna in fixed lung sections. following intranasal inoculation with 120 p.f.u. pvm the pattern of hybridization showed that virus mrna was initially detected within 2 days in alveolar cells. as the infection progressed the number of hybridizing alveolar cells increased and signal was also detected in cells lining the termina ... | 1998 | 9780046 |
| helium-oxygen improves clinical asthma scores in children with acute bronchiolitis. | to determine the efficacy of a helium-oxygen mixture in children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with acute respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis. | 1998 | 9781732 |
| parainfluenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants undergoing bone marrow transplantation for severe combined immunodeficiency. | respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus infection carry a poor prognosis in severe combined immunodeficiency (scid), particularly if the viral load is high. patients with high viral load develop severe pneumonitis at engraftment which may possibly be modulated by immunotherapy, including high dose nebulised corticosteroids. further work is required to develop effective treatment for this severe condition. | 1998 | 9782636 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus infection in childhood]. | respiratory syncytial virus is the most frequent cause of respiratory tract infections in infants and is responsible for annual winter epidemics of acute bronchiolitis. over the last decades medical therapy has remained unchanged and controversial, despite intensive research. inhaled bronchodilators are often not effective and should be discontinued if no beneficial response can be documented. steroids and ribavirin are not indicated in previously healthy infants with acute rsv bronchiolitis. th ... | 1998 | 9783360 |
| [anti-rs viral ige in respiratory syncytial viral infection in adult patients with a complicated course of bronchitis]. | in adult patients with different variants of the complicated course of bronchitis (prolonged, relapsing, chronic) respiratory syncytial (rs) virus infections were shown to occur very frequently (37-72%, depending on the form on bronchitis). in 220 cases of rs infection the content of anti-rs-virus ige in the blood was analyzed. the reaction of specific ige was more pronounced in rs infection observed in patients with acute of bronchitis, than in those with chronic forms. the occurrence of rs-vir ... | 1998 | 9783403 |
| new iridoids from the medicinal plant barleria prionitis with potent activity against respiratory syncytial virus. | two new iridoid glycosides (1 and 2), together with the known compounds barlerin (3) and verbascoside (4), were isolated from barleria prionitis. the new iridoid glycosides were determined to be 6-o-trans-p-coumaroyl-8-o-acetylshanzhiside methyl ester (1) and its cis isomer (2) by using spectroscopic, especially 2d nmr, data. a 3:1 mixture of 1 and 2 was shown to have potent in vitro activity against respiratory syncytial virus (ec50 2.46 microgram/ml, ic50 42.2 microgram/ml). | 1998 | 9784173 |
| development of human antibodies against linear antigenic and immunogenic regions of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) nucleocapsid and phospho-proteins shows the site-directed characteristics. | the successful development of an rsv vaccine requires a better understanding of the pathogenesis of primary infection, susceptibility to reinfection, and the immunopathology of enhanced illness in children immunized with a non-replicating rsv candidate vaccine. the exact role of different immune parameters in rsv pathogenesis remains controversial. | 1998 | 9785215 |
| evaluation of an igm-specific indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serodiagnosis of bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection: influence of igm rheumatoid factor on test results with field sera. | a commercially available indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for measuring bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv)-specific igg was adapted to measure virus-specific igm. using this assay, the development of rapid igm responses in experimentally infected calves was observed 7-9 days postinfection, with peak absorbance values ranging from 1.698 to 2.873. when absorbance values were expressed as a percentage of a positive reference serum, a positive/negative threshold of 22% was determine ... | 1998 | 9786520 |
| an experimental study of a concurrent primary infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) in calves. | experimental infections with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) were performed to study the effect of concurrent brsv and bvdv infections. twelve seronegative calves, in 3 groups, were inoculated on a single occasion with pure brsv (group a), brsv and noncytopathogenic bvdv (group b) or mock infected (group c). mild respiratory symptoms were recorded 4 to 5 days post inoculation (dpi) in group a and group b calves. one calf in group a was severely a ... | 1998 | 9787488 |
| respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin for prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus disease in infants and children with congenital heart disease. the cardiac study group. | to examine the effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin administered intravenously (rsv-igiv) in reducing hospitalization for treatment of rsv in children with congenital heart disease (chd). | 1998 | 9787686 |
| respiratory syncytial virus induces the expression of 5-lipoxygenase and endothelin-1 in bronchial epithelial cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection causes and exacerbates asthma, yet the mechanism by which rsv triggers asthma is poorly understood. herein, an in vitro model of rsv infection was established using hep-2 and beas-2b bronchial epithelial cell lines, and the expression of 5-lipoxygenase (5-lo), and endothelin-1 (et-1) was examined. rsv infection increased the expression of 5-lo mrna and protein in both cell lines, as detected by rt-pcr and western blot analysis, respectively. the levels ... | 1998 | 9790973 |
| genetic analysis of the g and p genes in ungulate respiratory syncytial viruses by rnase a mismatch cleavage method. | the g and p genes of bovine, ovine and caprine respiratory syncytial (rs) viruses were analyzed by rnase a one-dimensional fingerprinting, using a 51908 as the reference strain. antisense g or p rna probes of bovine rs virus strain a 51908 were hybridized to total rna extracted from bovine turbinate cells infected with bovine, ovine or caprine rs virus strains. the rna:rna heteroduplexes were digested with rnase a and the resistant products were analyzed by gel electrophoresis. comparative analy ... | 1998 | 9791866 |
| serological and genetic characterisation of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) indicates that danish isolates belong to the intermediate subgroup: no evidence of a selective effect on the variability of g protein nucleotide sequence by prior cell culture adaption and passages in cell culture or calves. | danish isolates of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) were characterised by nucleotide sequencing of the g glycoprotein and by their reactivity with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mabs). among the six danish isolates, the overall sequence divergence ranged between 0 and 3% at the nucleotide level and between 0 and 5% at the amino acid level. sequence divergences of 7-8%, 8-9% and 2-3% (nucleotide) and 9-11%, 12-16% and 4-6% (amino acid) were obtained in the comparison made between the ... | 1998 | 9791873 |
| overnight titration of human respiratory syncytial virus using quantitative shell vial amplification. | 1998 | 9793646 | |
| prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections: indications for the use of palivizumab and update on the use of rsv-igiv. american academy of pediatrics committee on infectious diseases and committee of fetus and newborn. | the food and drug administration recently approved the use of palivizumab (pal-vizh-mäb), an intramuscularly administered monoclonal antibody preparation. recommendations for its use are based on a large, randomized study demonstrating a 55% reduction in the risk of hospitalization attributable to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in high-risk pediatric patients. infants and children with chronic lung disease (cld), formerly designated bronchopulmonary dysplasia, as well as prematurel ... | 1998 | 9794957 |
| respiratory viral infections in the elderly in a nursing home. | the purpose of this study was to investigate what viruses infiltrate into our nursing home, assess the related clinical symptoms in elderly subjects, and compare the incidence of infections with those in the general community. between july 1994 and june 1995, 40 elderly persons dwelling in the nursing home were evaluated by clinical observation, serologic analysis, and viral culture of samples to determine the presence of viruses. enteroviruses and herpes simplex i virus could be isolated from a ... | 1998 | 9796185 |
| discrepancy between results of a commercial enzyme immunoassay kit and immunofluorescence staining for detection of respiratory syncytial virus antigen. | 1998 | 9796664 | |
| protective cytotoxic t lymphocyte responses against paramyxoviruses induced by epitope-based dna vaccines: involvement of ifn-gamma. | plasmid dna vectors have been constructed with minigenes encoding a single cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) epitope from either the m2 protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) or from the nucleoprotein of measles virus (mv) with or without a signal sequence (also called secretory or leader sequence). following intradermal immunization, plasmids in which the ctl epitopes were expressed in-frame with the signal sequence were more effective at inducing peptide- and virus-specific ctl responses than ... | 1998 | 9796910 |
| role of mycoplasma pneumoniae in acute respiratory-tract infections in saudi paediatric patients. | the role of mycoplasma pneumoniae and viruses in the various clinical presentations of acute respiratory-tract infection (arti) was studied in saudi children seen at king khalid university hospital (kkuh) between january 1995 and january 1996. the study population comprised 511 children (age < 14 years) of both sexes. nasopharyngeal aspirates (npa) and acute-phase sera were collected. convalescent sera were only available from 334 of the patients (with an interval of 15-42 days between collectio ... | 1998 | 9797833 |
| a comparison of diagnostic methods for the detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in experimental clinical specimens. | virus shedding was monitored in nasal secretions of 12 calves experimentally infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) using an antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) detecting the nucleoprotein (np) antigen of brsv, by a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplifying the fusion protein of brsv, and by a microisolation assay combined with immunoperoxidase staining for the f protein of brsv. under the conditions of this study, similar limits of detection and quantitat ... | 1998 | 9798088 |
| [beta-lactamase producers and other bacteria: which ones to take into consideration and when? the viewpoint of the pediatrician]. | 1998 | 9798479 | |
| a comparison of il-2 levels in nasopharyngeal and endotracheal aspirates of babies with respiratory syncytial viral bronchiolitis. | cytokines such as il-2 are thought to be important in the pathogenesis of respiratory tract inflammation. cytokine levels in nasopharyngeal aspirates (npas) have been used as a measure of respiratory inflammation in children with viral infections, but it is unclear whether they reflect levels in the lower respiratory tract. | 1998 | 9802370 |
| respiratory syncytial virus vaccines. | 1998 | 9802636 | |
| [the standardization of an ultramicro elisa assay for the detection of igg antibodies to the respiratory syncytial virus]. | an ultramicro elisa assay of double antibody for the detection of igg antibodies to the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was standardized. it was used a rvs antiprotein f monoclonal antibody produced by the genetic engineering and biotechnology center (gebc) in havana. the use of this antibody allowed to include crude antigenic preparations instead of purified fractions, which caused a significant reduction of the reactivity obtained with the antigen control. the assay conditions were determine ... | 1996 | 9805041 |
| [a comparison of the nci-h292 line with other continuous lines for the multiplication of respiratory viruses]. | the nci-h292 continual line of mucoepidermoid cells of the human lungs has been reported to be useful for the propagation of many viruses, mainly adenovirus and paramyxovirus. it is stated the possible substitution of primary cultures of monkey kidney for nci-h292 in order to isolate such agents. in the present paper it is evaluated the utility of this line for multiplying the respiratory syncytial viruses adenovirus 3 and 7, and the parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, and 3, in comparison with the cont ... | 1996 | 9805045 |
| antigenic and genetic diversity among the attachment proteins of group a respiratory syncytial viruses that have caused repeat infections in children. | antigenic differences between the two major groups of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus may contribute to reinfections with these viruses. additional variability occurs within the two major groups; the importance of intra-group variability in reinfections with rs virus has not been defined. two pairs of group a viruses that had caused sequential infections in children showed g protein amino acid differences of up to 15%. vaccinia viruses were constructed that expressed the g proteins from 2 of th ... | 1998 | 9806017 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease and prospects for its control. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major virus pathogen of infants and young children, an important cause of disease in adults and is responsible for a significant amount of excess morbidity and mortality in the elderly. it also can be devastating in immunosuppressed populations. vaccines are being developed, but none are currently licensed. moreover, even if one or more are approved, they may not be suitable for some populations vulnerable to rsv (e.g. very young infants and the immunosuppr ... | 1998 | 9806484 |
| pneumonia in residents of long-term care facilities: epidemiology, etiology, management, and prevention. | pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients in long-term care facilities; the median reported incidence is 1 per 1,000 patient-days. risk factors include functional dependency, chronic pulmonary disease, and conditions causing aspiration. the frequency of etiologic agents varies widely among reports; for example; streptococcus pneumoniae ranges from 0% to 39% of cases, and gram negative bacilli ranges from 0% to 51% of reported cases. viral respiratory infections, part ... | 1998 | 9809694 |
| serological diagnosis of respiratory viral infections. a five-year study of hospitalised patients. | the results of a five-year study of paired sera from 410 hospitalised patients-mainly children-with respiratory illness are reported. samples were divided into groups based on clinical diagnosis. the data of each group were analysed in relation to patient age (under or over 1 year of age). the percentage of positive serological diagnoses ranged from 29.4% in the respiratory viral illness group to 46.2% in the bronchiolitis group. each group showed a prevalent serological diagnosis. respiratory v ... | 1998 | 9812318 |
| detection and quantitation of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) using minigenome cdna and a sindbis virus replicon: a prototype assay for negative-strand rna viruses. | we describe here a novel approach for detecting and quantitating human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) based on expression of a reporter gene from an rsv minigenome. bhk cells were cytoplasmically transformed with a noncytopathic sindbis virus replicon expressing t7 rna polymerase. these cells were then cotransfected with t7 expression plasmids that contain the cdna of an rsv minigenome and the genes for rsv nucleocapsid proteins n, p, and l. the minigenome contains a reporter gene such as lac ... | 1998 | 9813215 |
| recombinant human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) from cdna and construction of subgroup a and b chimeric rsv. | infectious human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was produced from a cdna clone that contains 15,222 nucleotides of rsv genome derived from the a2 strain of subgroup a. recovery of infectious rsv from cdna required cotransfection of only three expression plasmids encoding the nucleoprotein (n), the phosphoprotein (p), and the major polymerase protein (l). inclusion of the m2-1 plasmid was not required in the transfection reaction and if included did not significantly increase the rescue effici ... | 1998 | 9813216 |
| shedding of l-selectin and pecam-1 and upregulation of mac-1 and icam-1 on neutrophils in rsv bronchiolitis. | bronchiolitis is characterized histologically by epithelial necrosis and peribronchial infiltration of leukocytes, with a high percentage of neutrophils in the airways. we investigated the expression of adhesion molecules (cd11a, cd11b, cd18, cd31, cd54, and cd62l) on neutrophils from nasopharyngeal aspirates (npas) and peripheral blood (pb) of infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced bronchiolitis. the expression of cd31 and cd62l on neutrophils from npas is decreased and the expr ... | 1998 | 9815117 |
| reduction of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in tracheal aspirates in intubated infants by use of humanized monoclonal antibody to rsv f protein. | thirty-five children <2 years of age mechanically ventilated for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection were randomized to receive an intravenous infusion of 15 mg/kg medi-493 or placebo. rsv concentration was measured in tracheal secretions by plaque assay before and at 24-h intervals after treatment. the reduction in tracheal rsv concentration from day 0 to day 1 (-1.7+/-0.28 vs. -0. 6+/-0.21 log10 pfu/ml; p=.004) and from day 0 to day 2 (-2.5+/-0.26 vs. -1.0+/-0.41 log10 pfu/ml; p=.012) ... | 1998 | 9815203 |
| atypical pulmonary eosinophilia is mediated by a specific amino acid sequence of the attachment (g) protein of respiratory syncytial virus. | we analyzed the immune responses evoked by a series of overlapping peptides to better understand the molecular basis for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) g protein-induced eosinophilia in balb/c mice. in vitro stimulation of spleen cells from natural g protein-primed mice showed dominant proliferative and cytokine (interferon [ifn]-gamma and interleukin [il]-5) responses to a peptide encompassing amino acids 184-198. mice vaccinated with peptide 184- 198 conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin ... | 1998 | 9815273 |
| genetic variability among group a and group b respiratory syncytial viruses in a children's hospital. | respiratory syncytial (rs) viruses isolated over three epidemic periods in a children's hospital in the united states were analyzed. the viruses (n = 174) were characterized as to major antigenic group (group a or b) by a pcr-based assay. group a rs viruses were dominant the first 2 years, followed by a year with group b dominance (ratios of group a to group b viruses for epidemic periods, 56/4 for 1993-1994, 42/3 for 1994-1995, and 19/50 for 1995-1996). genetic variability within the groups was ... | 1998 | 9817872 |
| treatment of respiratory failure with inhaled nitric oxide and high- frequency ventilation in an infant with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. | in a 7-month-old infant with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumonia, we have shown an additive effect of high-frequency ventilation (hfv) and inhaled nitric oxide (ino) in terms of improved oxygenation and the avoidance of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. apparently, the combined therapy of hfv and ino is superior to either therapeutic modality alone in the treatment of hypoxemic respiratory failure due to rsv pneumonia. the mechanism of increased lung exp ... | 1998 | 9817963 |
| simultaneous multiple viral infections in childhood acute lower respiratory tract infections in southern taiwan. | thirty paediatric patients with acute lower respiratory tract infections (alri) caused by simultaneous multiple viral infections (smv) in a 3-year interval were reviewed. twenty patients were infected with two viruses simultaneously; nine patients with three viruses; and one patient with four viruses. the frequency of individual viruses were: adenovirus, 18 (60 per cent); respiratory syncytial virus, 7 (23 per cent); influenza virus type a, 6 (20 per cent); influenza virus type b, 15 (50 per cen ... | 1998 | 9819497 |
| intracellular ifn-gamma expression in natural killer cells precedes lung cd8+ t cell recruitment during respiratory syncytial virus infection. | natural killer (nk) cells are recruited locally during the initial phases of virus infection and produce cytokines which may affect the subsequent emergence of specific t cells. in this study, cellular responses to primary respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and after vaccination with individual viral proteins were investigated in balb/c mice using the new nk cell antibody, dx5. purified dx5+ cells caused lysis of yac-1 cell targets. dx5+ cells did not express cd8, cd45r or mhc class ii ... | 1998 | 9820134 |
| effect of compounds with antibacterial activities in human milk on respiratory syncytial virus and cytomegalovirus in vitro. | the effect of some antibacterial compounds present in human milk were tested for antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus, semliki forest virus and cytomegalovirus. these included the gangliosides gm1, gm2 and gm3, sialyl-lactose, lactoferrin and chondroitin sulphate a, b and c, which were all tested for their ability to inhibit the viruses in cell culture. of the compounds tested, only the ganglioside gm2, chondroitin sulphate b and lactoferrin inhibited the absorption and growth ... | 1998 | 9822301 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in children with acute respiratory infections in zambia. | epidemiological research on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in children was carried out at the virology laboratory, university teaching hospital (uth), in lusaka, zambia, from january-december 1996. specimens including 736 nasal washings and 2424 throat swabs were collected from children with acute respiratory infections (ari) and tested for rsv by enzyme immunoassay and by virus isolation. rsv was isolated in 62 (4.1%) of 1496 throat swabs collected from march to september and was ... | 1998 | 9825792 |
| hiv type-1 infection of the cotton rat (sigmodon fulviventer and s. hispidus). | cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus and s. fulviventer) are susceptible to many viruses that infect humans (e.g., poliovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, adenovirus, and parainfluenza virus) and have been influential in developing therapeutic clinical intervention strategies for many viral infections of man. this study set out to determine whether cotton rats are susceptible to infection with hiv type 1 (hiv-1). results indicate that hiv-1 does infect the cotton rat and s. fulvivent ... | 1998 | 9826704 |
| evolution of antiviral activity in the ribonuclease a gene superfamily: evidence for a specific interaction between eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (edn/rnase 2) and respiratory syncytial virus. | we have demonstrated that the human eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (edn, rnase 2), a rapidly evolving secretory protein derived from eosinophilic leukocytes, mediates the ribonucleolytic destruction of extracellular virions of the single-stranded rna virus respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). while rnase activity is crucial to antiviral activity, it is clearly not sufficient, as our results suggest that edn has unique structural features apart from rnase activity that are necessary to promote antiv ... | 1998 | 9826755 |
| effect of concurrent experimentally induced bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus infection on respiratory tract and enteric diseases in calves. | to compare experimentally induced concurrent bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) infection with single virus infection. | 1998 | 9829401 |
| phls overview of communicable diseases 1997: results of a priority setting exercise. | in early 1997, the phls overview of communicable diseases (ovcd) committee carried out a consultation exercise to inform the development of phls priorities in communicable diseases for the years 1997 to 1999. the views of phls senior staff and scientific committees and consultants in communicable disease control in district health authorities were sought by postal questionnaire, and several organisations of health professionals were asked for their views on the initial findings. the main finding ... | 1998 | 9830790 |
| host genetic determinants of vaccine-induced eosinophilia during respiratory syncytial virus infection. | in balb/c mice, sensitization with the attachment protein (g) of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) leads to cd4+ t cell-mediated lung eosinophilia during subsequent challenge with rsv. to determine the host genetic influences on this model of lung eosinophilia, we tested 15 different inbred mouse strains. eosinophilia developed in all h-2d (balb/c, dba/2n, and b10.d2), but not in h-2k (cba/ca, cba/j, c3h, balb.k, or b10.br) mouse strains. among h-2b mice, 129 and balb.b developed eosinophilia, w ... | 1998 | 9834108 |
| virological and pathomorphological aspects in experimental infections with some triassociated pneumotropic viruses in the white mouse. | experimental infections were induced in white mice by intranasal administration of parainfluenza virus type 3, 739-2d strain, to which influenza virus a/beijing, 353/89 (h3n2) strain, and respiratory syncytial virus, long strain, were associated. the model was organized so as to obtain a triassociated infection, parainfluenza virus type 3 being inoculated the first and the other two viruses, in the following stages-ii and iii-, alternately. the infections were revealed by the presence of positiv ... | 1997 | 9836325 |
| [immunobiology of bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections]. | this paper describes recent findings on the immunobiology of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) infections. the pathobiology of alveolar macrophages and brsv, and the immunological reaction of cattle to the virus after natural or experimental infection, or vaccination, were studied. because in severe cases brsv infection leads to lower respiratory tract disease, replication of brsv in alveolar macrophages was studied. alveolar macrophages, which are important aspecific defense cells in th ... | 1998 | 9836385 |
| a primate model of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | to determine whether bonnet monkeys are susceptible to infection and disease due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), 4 juvenile bonnet monkeys (macaca radiata) were inoculated with rsv intratracheally and sacrificed at 3, 5, 7 and 9 days post infection. rsv was cultured from pre-autopsy broncheoalveolar lavage fluid from all 4 animals with a peak titre of virus on day 9. serum rsv neutralizing antibody was present by day 7. animals developed tachypnoea and chest retractions by 5th day post inf ... | 1998 | 9838875 |
| respiratory virus infections in immunocompromised patients. | 1998 | 9839558 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia among the elderly: an assessment of disease burden. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of acute lower respiratory tract disease among the elderly, but national estimates of the burden of this disease have not been made. to estimate the morbidity, mortality, and medical costs of rsv-associated pneumonia among us elderly, national hospital discharge data, vital statistics, etiologic studies of adult pneumonia hospitalizations, and medicare cost data were reviewed. in the united states, 687,000 hospitalizations and 74,000 deaths ... | 1999 | 9841818 |
| phls overview of communicable diseases 1997: results of a priority setting exercise. | in early 1997, the phls overview of communicable diseases (ovcd) committee carried out a consultation exercise to inform the development of phls priorities in communicable diseases for the years 1997 to 1999. the views of phls senior staff and scientific committees and consultants in communicable disease control in district health authorities were sought by postal questionnaire, and several organisations of health professionals were asked for their views on the initial findings. the main finding ... | 1998 | 9842117 |
| diverse gene junctions of respiratory syncytial virus modulate the efficiency of transcription termination and respond differently to m2-mediated antitermination. | the ability of the diverse gene junctions of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus to signal the termination of transcription was analyzed. nine dicistronic subgenomic replicons of rs virus were constructed; each contained one of the rs virus gene junctions in its natural upstream and downstream sequence context. the rna synthesis activities of these subgenomic replicons were analyzed in the absence and presence of the m2 protein, which we showed previously to function as a transcription antiterminat ... | 1999 | 9847319 |
| generation of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) from cdna: brsv ns2 is not essential for virus replication in tissue culture, and the human rsv leader region acts as a functional brsv genome promoter. | in order to generate recombinant bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), the genome of brsv strain a51908, variant atue51908, was cloned as cdna. we provide here the sequence of the brsv genome ends and of the entire l gene. this completes the sequence of the brsv genome, which comprises a total of 15,140 nucleotides. to establish a vaccinia virus-free recovery system, a bhk-derived cell line stably expressing t7 rna polymerase was generated (bsr t7/5). recombinant brsv was reproducibly recov ... | 1999 | 9847328 |
| model for polymerase access to the overlapped l gene of respiratory syncytial virus. | the last two genes of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), m2 and l, overlap by 68 nucleotides, an arrangement which has counterparts in a number of nonsegmented negative-strand rna viruses. thus, the gene-end (ge) signal of m2 lies downstream of the l gene-start (gs) signal, separated by 45 nucleotides. since rsv transcription ostensibly is sequential and unidirectional from a single promoter within the 3' leader region, it was unclear how the polymerase accesses the l gs signal. furthermore, it ... | 1999 | 9847343 |
| altered growth characteristics of recombinant respiratory syncytial viruses which do not produce ns2 protein. | the second gene in the 3'-to-5' gene order in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) encodes the nonstructural protein ns2, for which there is no assigned function. to study the function of ns2, we have used a recently developed reverse genetics system to ablate expression of ns2 in recombinant rsv. a full-length cdna copy of the antigenome of rsv a2 strain under the control of a t7 promoter was modified by introduction of tandem termination codons within the ns2 open reading frame (ns2stop) or by de ... | 1999 | 9847352 |