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perforin-dependent brain-infiltrating cytotoxic cd8+ t lymphocytes mediate experimental cerebral malaria pathogenesis.experimental cerebral malaria (ecm) resulting from plasmodium berghei anka infection involves t lymphocytes. however, the mechanisms of t cell-mediated pathogenesis remain unknown. we found that, in contrast to ecm-susceptible c57bl6 mice, perforin-deficient (pfp-ko) mice were resistant to ecm in the absence of brain lesions, whereas cytoadherence of parasitized erythrocytes and massive accumulation of activated/effector cd8 lymphocytes were observed in both groups of mice. ecm is induced in pfp ...200312574396
plasmodium berghei: analysis of the gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase gene in drug-resistant lines.the rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant plasmodium falciparum is a worldwide concern. despite the magnitude of the problem, the mechanisms involved in this phenomenon are not well understood. one current proposal suggests that toxic heme molecules are degraded by glutathione (gsh), and that anti-malarial drugs, such as chloroquine (cq), inhibit this degradation, thus implicating gsh in drug resistance. furthermore, in some strains of plasmodium berghei and p. falciparum, chloroquine resistanc ...200212594957
a gene-family encoding small exported proteins is conserved across plasmodium genus.a gene-family, named sep, encoding small exported proteins conserved across plasmodium species has been identified. sep proteins (13-16 kda) contain a predicted signal peptide at the nh(2)-terminus, an internal hydrophobic region and a polymorphic, low-complexity region at the carboxy-terminus. one member of the plasmodium berghei family, pbsep1, encodes an integral membrane protein expressed along the entire erythrocytic cycle. immunolocalisation results indicated that pbsep1 is targeted to the ...200312615320
characterization of a unique aspartate-rich protein of the set/taf-family in the human malaria parasite, plasmodium falciparum, which inhibits protein phosphatase 2a.a search for physiological inhibitors of protein phosphatases led to the identification of a plasmodium falciparum (pf) cdna that had the potential to code for an aspartate-rich protein and hence named arp. the pfarp was virtually identical to its plasmodium berghei counterpart in gene structure and protein sequence. the pfarp coding sequence contained two introns, and the predicted protein contained 269 amino acid residues. its primary structure showed significant similarity to eukaryotic prote ...200312615323
a unique insertion in plasmodium berghei glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-6-phosphogluconolactonase: evolutionary and functional studies.plasmodium berghei glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-6-phosphogluconolactonase (g6pd-6pgl) is a bifunctional enzyme with significant sequence similarity in both the 6pgl and g6pd domains to the plasmodium falciparum enzyme. a recombinant form of the p. berghei enzyme was found to have both g6pd and 6pgl activities, and therefore catalyses the first two steps in the pentose phosphate pathway. genes encoding very similar proteins are also found in three other malarial parasites, plasmodium yoelii, ...200312615331
orally active, antimalarial, anticancer, artemisinin-derived trioxane dimers with high stability and efficacy.in only two steps and in 70% overall yield, naturally occurring trioxane artemisinin (1) was converted on a gram scale into c-10-carba trioxane dimer 3. this new, very stable dimer was then transformed easily in one additional step into four different dimers 4-7. alcohol and diol dimers 4 and 5 and ketone dimer 7 are 10 times more antimalarially potent in vitro than artemisinin (1), and alcohol and diol dimers 4 and 5 are strongly growth inhibitory but not cytotoxic toward several human cancer c ...200312620083
the effect of 10 alpha-trifluoromethylhydroartemisinin on plasmodium berghei infection and its toxicity in experimental animals.the antimalarial activity of 10 alpha-trifluoromethylhydroartemisinin (tfmha) was compared to that of dihydroartemisinin (dha) in the plamodium berghei mouse model. treatment with tfmha in mice infected with a p. berghei chloroquine-sensitive strain at 25 mg/kg for 3, 5, and 7 d, or dha at the same dose for 7 d showed the parasite was eliminated from the host within 2.6 d. the radical cure and survival rates of these mice up to 60 d after infection were 90-100%. in mice infected with the p. berg ...200212625149
influence of cd4+cd25+ t cells on plasmodium berghei nk65 infection in balb/c mice.cd4(+) t cells co-expressing cd25 (cd4(+)cd25(+) t cells) have been identified as immunoregulatory suppressors modulating autoimmune response. beside that, autoimmune response was supposed to be associated with malaria infection. based on these data, we hypothesised that cd4(+)cd25(+) t cells may influence protective immunity to malaria parasites, while suppressing autoimmune response arising throughout the course of malarial infection. to test this possibility, we evaluated the kinetics of cd4( ...200312633655
leptin and leptin receptors during malaria infection in mice.leptin, which is involved in a range of physiological processes, could be an important factor in the pathogenesis of malaria. we found that levels of leptin in serum and urine in plasmodium berghei-infected mice increased progressively after infection, reaching a maximum value on day 6 post-infection. serum values were approximately five-fold higher in infected mice than in non-infected controls. a similar relation was found for values of leptin in urine. soluble leptin receptor levels also incr ...200212641196
regulation of murine cerebral malaria pathogenesis by cd1d-restricted nkt cells and the natural killer complex.nkt cells are specialized cells coexpressing nk and t cell receptors. upon activation they rapidly produce high levels of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) and interleukin-4 (il-4) and are therefore postulated to influence t(h)1/t(h)2 immune responses. the precise role of the cd1/nkt cell pathway in immune response to infection remains unclear. we show here that cd1d-restricted nkt cells from distinct genetic backgrounds differentially influence t(h)1/t(h)2 polarization, proinflammatory cytokine leve ...200312648456
expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) mrna in target organs of lethal and non-lethal strains of murine malaria.nitric oxide (no) is a putative mediator of the immunological and/or pathological responses to malaria, consequently it is a potential target for novel drug therapy. numerous cell types increase expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) under inflammatory conditions, the most relevant stimuli being cytokines and endotoxins. in this study the expression of inos mrna in several target organs (brain, liver, spleen) of malaria have been investigated in mf1 mice during lethal plasmodium (p ...200212654089
p-selectin contributes to severe experimental malaria but is not required for leukocyte adhesion to brain microvasculature.plasmodium berghei-infected mice, a well-recognized model of experimental cerebral malaria (ecm), exhibit many of the hallmarks of a systemic inflammatory response, with organ damage in brain, lung, and kidneys. identification of the molecules mediating pathogenesis of the inflammatory response, such as leukocyte adhesion, may lead to new therapies. indeed, mice lacking the cell adhesion molecule p-selectin were significantly (p = 0.005) protected from death due to p. berghei malaria compared wi ...200312654808
cytokine and chemokine responses in a cerebral malaria-susceptible or -resistant strain of mice to plasmodium berghei anka infection: early chemokine expression in the brain.a comparative study was carried out on cytokine and chemokine responses in a cerebral malaria (cm)-susceptible or -resistant strain of mice (c57bl/6 or balb/c respectively) in plasmodium berghei anka infection. c57bl/6 mice died by 10 days after infection when parasitemia was approximately 15-20% with cerebral symptoms, while balb/c mice survived until week 3 after infection. although both strains showed t(h)1-skewed responses on day 4 after infection, significantly higher levels of ifn-gamma, t ...200312697663
chloroquine-induced masking of a lipid that promotes ferriprotoporphyrin ix dimerization in malaria.mice infected with the nyu-2 strain of plasmodium berghei were used to study the effect of chloroquine on masking of a lipid that promotes ferriprotoporphyrin ix dimerization. more than 40% of this lipid was masked and unable to promote dimerization in membrane ghosts from erythrocytes of untreated, infected mice. thus, preparations of membrane ghosts dimerized 57 +/- 6 nmol of ferriprotoporphyrin ix during a 2-h incubation, whereas the lipids extracted from these preparations dimerized 101 +/- ...200312697766
transformation of sporozoites into early exoerythrocytic malaria parasites does not require host cells.malaria parasite species that infect mammals, including humans, must first take up residence in hepatic host cells as exoerythrocytic forms (eef) before initiating infection of red blood cells that leads to malaria disease. despite the importance of hepatic stages for immunity against malaria, little is known about their biology and antigenic composition. here, we show that sporozoites, the parasites' transmission stage that resides in the mosquito vector salivary glands, can transform into earl ...200312707302
[long circulating nanocapsules: interest in the treatment of severe malaria with halofantrine].the aim of the work was to develop a new submicronic delivery system that can be used with poorly water soluble drugs for which sustained circulating concentrations are necessary. this system consists of oily core surrounded by a shell made of a copolymer of poly (d,l-lactid) and poly (ethylene glycol). covalent coupling between the hydrophylic poly (ethylene glycol) and poly (d,l lactid) and high molecular weight of the poly (ethylene glycol) chains yield long circulating particles after intra- ...200312714932
predominant cell-mediated immunity in the oral mucosa: gene gun-based vaccination against infectious diseases.direct immunization via epithelial surfaces has been considered for many vaccine approaches, including dna vaccines. it remains to be determined, however, which body site is suitable for genetic vaccination.200312727024
the histone h4 gene of plasmodium falciparum is developmentally transcribed in asexual parasites.histones are abundant nuclear core proteins that are present in all eukararyotes and are responsible for linking chromosomes and packaging them into tight chromatin aggregates. the histone h2a, h2b, and h3 genes and a partial sequence of the histone h4 gene from plasmodium falciparum have been previously identified and share a high level of nucleotide sequence identity. in this study, we compare the histone h4 sequence of the human malaria p. falciparum with the sequences of two mouse malarias, ...200312739134
efficacy comparison of intravenous artelinate and artesunate in plasmodium berghei-infected sprague-dawley rats.this paper reports the comparative antimalarial efficacy of intravenous artelinate and artesunate in rats. prior to efficacy experiments, a plasmodium berghei-sprague-dawley rat model of malaria was developed, in which the clearance effects of intravenous drugs could be readily compared. in efficacy experiments, groups of p. berghei-infected rats were given 3 daily intravenous treatments of artelinate or artesunate at molar equivalent dose rates (total of 0-191.2 micromoles/kg). artelinate was s ...200312741507
om-174, a new adjuvant with a potential for human use, induces a protective response when administered with the synthetic c-terminal fragment 242-310 from the circumsporozoite protein of plasmodium berghei.the goal of this project was the evaluation of a novel immunomodulatory adjuvant for human use, om-174, which is a soluble adjuvant derived from escherichia coli lipid a. for this study, we used a synthetic peptide, known for its safety and reproducibility and the murine model of balb/c mice. the long peptide (pbcs 242-310) used corresponds to the c-terminal region of the circumsporozoite protein (csp) that is the major protein on the surface of plasmodium sporozoites. subcutaneous injections of ...200312744882
chemokine receptor ccr2 is not essential for the development of experimental cerebral malaria.infection with plasmodium berghei anka induces cerebral malaria in susceptible mice. brain-sequestered cd8(+) t cells are responsible for this pathology. we have evaluated the role of ccr2, a chemokine receptor expressed on cd8(+) t cells. infected ccr2-deficient mice were as susceptible to cerebral malaria as wild-type mice were, and cd8(+) t-cell migration to the brain was not abolished.200312761155
intercellular adhesion molecule 1 is important for the development of severe experimental malaria but is not required for leukocyte adhesion in the brain.plasmodium berghei-infected mice, a well-recognized model of experimental cerebral malaria (ecm), exhibit a systemic inflammatory response. most investigators hypothesize that leukocytes bind to endothelial cells via intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (icam-1), which causes endothelial damage, increased microvascular permeability, and, ultimately, death. icam-1-deficient mice on an ecm-susceptible c57bl/6 background were significantly (p = .04) protected from p. berghei mortality compared with ic ...200312769195
a short synthesis and biological evaluation of potent and nontoxic antimalarial bridged bicyclic beta-sulfonyl-endoperoxides.the syntheses and in vitro antimalarial screening of 50 bridged, bicyclic endoperoxides of types 9-13 are reported. in contrast to antimalarial trioxanes of the artemisinin family, but like yingzhaosu a and arteflene, the peroxide function of compounds 9-13 is contained in a 2,3-dioxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane system 6. peroxides 9 and 10 (r(1) = oh) are readily available through a multicomponent, sequential, free-radical reaction involving thiol-monoterpenes co-oxygenation (a toco reaction). beta-sul ...200312773055
validation of the hexose transporter of plasmodium falciparum as a novel drug target.chemotherapy of malaria parasites is limited by established drug resistance and lack of novel targets. intraerythrocytic stages of plasmodium falciparum are wholly dependent on host glucose for energy. glucose uptake is mediated by a parasite-encoded facilitative hexose transporter (pfht). we report that o-3 hexose derivatives inhibit uptake of glucose and fructose by pfht when expressed in xenopus oocytes. selectivity of these derivatives for pfht is confirmed by lack of inhibition of hexose tr ...200312792024
the chemotherapy of rodent malaria. lxi. drug combinations to impede the selection of drug resistance, part 4: the potential role of 8-aminoquinolines.the influence of combinations containing the blood schizontocides chloroquine (cq) or mefloquine (mef), together with the 8-aminoquinolines (8aq) primaquine (pq) or the new, long-acting compound, tafenoquine (taf), on the rate of selection of resistance to the individual compounds was examined using the asexual, intra-erythrocytic stages in rodent malaria models. the two main procedures used were a 'serial technique' (st) and the '2%- relapse technique' (2%rt). the st provided evidence for the c ...200312803854
plasmodium falciparum: new vector with bi-directional promoter activity to stably express transgenes. 200312810052
different responses of three rodent plasmodia species, plasmodium yoelii 17xl, p. berghei nk65 and p. chabaudi as on treatment with febrifugine and isofebrifugine mixture from hydrangea macrophylla var. otaksa leaf in icr mice.the antimalarial activity of hydrangea macrophylla var. otaksa alkaloids was evaluated against plasmodium yoelii 17xl, p. berghei nk65 and p. chabaudi as in icr mice. for trials in p. yoelii 17xl or p. chabaudi as infections, mice were infected intraperitoneally with 10(5), 10(6) and 10(7) parasitized erythrocytes, respectively, and in p. berghei nk65 infections, mice were infected intraperitoneally with 10(3), 10(4) and 10(5) parasitized erythrocytes, respectively. three days after injection, m ...200312820234
soap, a novel malaria ookinete protein involved in mosquito midgut invasion and oocyst development.an essential, but poorly understood part of malaria transmission by mosquitoes is the development of the ookinetes into the sporozoite-producing oocysts on the mosquito midgut wall. for successful oocyst formation newly formed ookinetes in the midgut lumen must enter, traverse, and exit the midgut epithelium to reach the midgut basal lamina, processes collectively known as midgut invasion. after invasion ookinete-to-oocyst transition must occur, a process believed to require ookinete interaction ...200312828632
antimalarial activity of cinchona-like plants used to treat fever and malaria in brazil.for centuries, malaria was treated with the bark of cinchona calisaya and cinchona succirubra plants named "quinas" in brazil, from which the quinine molecule was isolated. other plant species known also as "quinas" are used to treat fever and malaria, like deianira erubescens (roots and leaves), strychnos pseudoquina (bark), and remijia ferruginea (bark). based on this popular knowledge, we evaluated the in vivo antimalarial activity of the ethanol crude extracts of these plant species in mice ...200312860318
in vivo antimalarial activity of vernonia amygdalina.extracts from the leaves and root bark of vernonia amygdalina are assessed for antimalarial activity against drug-sensitive plasmodium berghei in mice. a standard inoculum of 1 x 10(7) infected erythrocytes is used, and leaf and root-bark extracts of 500 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg or 125 mg/kg are used in a four-day suppression test and a rane test of established infection. leaf extract produced 67% suppression of parasitaemia in the four-day test, while root-bark extract produced 53.5% suppression. these ...200312866916
transfected plasmodium knowlesi produces bioactive host gamma interferon: a new perspective for modulating immune responses to malaria parasites.transgenic pathogenic microorganisms expressing host cytokines such as gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) have been shown to manipulate host-pathogen interaction, leading to immunomodulation and enhanced protection. expression of host cytokines in malaria parasites offers the opportunity to investigate the potential of an immunomodulatory approach by generating immunopotentiated parasites. using the primate malaria parasite plasmodium knowlesi, we explored the conditions for expressing host cytokines ...200312874315
in vivo antimalarial activities of mono- and bis quaternary ammonium salts interfering with plasmodium phospholipid metabolism.we previously showed that quaternary ammonium salts have potent antimalarial activities against the blood stage of drug-resistant plasmodium falciparum. in the present study, 13 compounds of this series were comparatively assessed in murine in vivo malarial models. mice infected with plasmodium berghei were successfully treated with 11 quaternary ammonium salts in a 4-day suppressive test with a once-daily intraperitoneal administration. the dose required to decrease parasitemia by 50% (ed(50)) ...200312878525
protracted protection to plasmodium berghei malaria is linked to functionally and phenotypically heterogeneous liver memory cd8+ t cells.we previously demonstrated that protection induced by radiation-attenuated (gamma) plasmodium berghei sporozoites is linked to mhc class i-restricted cd8(+) t cells specific for exoerythrocytic-stage ags, and that activated intrahepatic memory cd8(+) t cells are associated with protracted protection. in this study, we further investigated intrahepatic memory cd8(+) t cells to elucidate mechanisms required for their maintenance. using phenotypic markers indicative of activation (cd44, cd45rb), mi ...200312902507
the dynamics of interactions between plasmodium and the mosquito: a study of the infectivity of plasmodium berghei and plasmodium gallinaceum, and their transmission by anopheles stephensi, anopheles gambiae and aedes aegypti.knowledge of parasite-mosquito interactions is essential to develop strategies that will reduce malaria transmission through the mosquito vector. in this study we investigated the development of two model malaria parasites, plasmodium berghei and plasmodium gallinaceum, in three mosquito species anopheles stephensi, anopheles gambiae and aedes aegypti. new methods to study gamete production in vivo in combination with gfp-expressing ookinetes were employed to measure the large losses incurred by ...200312906877
the lack of suppressor of cytokine signalling-1 (socs1) protects mice from the development of cerebral malaria caused by plasmodium berghei anka.cerebral malaria is a severe complication of infection with plasmodium berghei anka involving the th1 cytokines tnf-alpha and ifn-gamma. suppressor of cytokine signalling-1 (socs1) is an important component in the regulatory cascade controlling inflammatory responses and signalling through ifn-gamma. contrary to the expectation that socs1-deficient mice, in which ifn-gamma responses are uncontrolled and which are more sensitive to ifn-gamma, may show heightened susceptibility, mice lacking socs1 ...200312911518
pharmacological assessment of the role of nitric oxide in mice infected with lethal and nonlethal species of malaria.this pharmacological investigation sought to determine whether nitric oxide (no) had an antiparasitic effect and/or mediated pathology in mice infected with nonlethal p. chabaudi or lethal p. berghei. nitric oxide synthase (nos) inhibitors were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the rise in reactive nitrogen intermediates (rni) induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) in mice. the more effective compound, aminoguanidine (ag) inhibited the rise in rni induced by p. chabaudi and increased ...200312911523
age-related susceptibility and resistance to plasmodium berghei in mice and rats. 200312932766
cd1d-restricted nkt cells contribute to malarial splenomegaly and enhance parasite-specific antibody responses.cd1d-restricted nkt cells are a novel t cell lineage with unusual features. they co-express some nk cell receptors and recognize glycolipid antigens through an invariant t cell receptor (tcr) in the context of cd1d molecules. upon activation through the tcr, nkt cells produce large amounts of ifn-gamma and il-4. it has been proposed that rapid cytokine output by activated nkt cells may induce bystander activation of other lymphoid lineages. the impact of cd1d-restricted nkt cell activation in th ...200312938235
potentiation of the antimalarial action of chloroquine in rodent malaria by drugs known to reduce cellular glutathione levels.ferriprotoporphyrin ix (fp) is released inside the food vacuole of the malaria parasite during the digestion of host cell hemoglobin. fp is detoxified by its biomineralization to hemozoin. this process is effectively inhibited by 4-aminoquinolines. as a result fp accumulates in the membrane fraction and associates with enzymes of infected cells in parallel with parasite killing. free fp is degraded by reduced glutathione (gsh). this degradation is inhibited by chloroquine (cq) and amodiaquine (a ...200312948862
shared, unique and redundant functions of three members of the class i myosins (myoa, myob and myof) in motility and chemotaxis in dictyostelium.most cell types express two distinct forms of myosin i, amoeboid and short, distinguished by differences in their tail domains. both types of myosin i have been implicated in the regulation of pseudopod formation in dictyostelium discoideum. we examined three members of the myosin i family, one amoeboid, myob, and two short, myoa and myob, for shared, unique and redundant functions in motility and chemotaxis. we used computer-assisted methods for reconstructing and motion analyzing cells, and ex ...200312953059
antimalarial effect of agmatine on plasmodium berghei k173 strain.to study the antimalarial effect of agmatine (agm) on chloroquine-susceptible plasmodium berghei k173 strain (s strain) and the p berghei k173 resistant strain (r strain).200312956942
new methods and software tools for high throughput cdr3 spectratyping. application to t lymphocyte repertoire modifications during experimental malaria.immune repertoires of t or b cells are very often studied by complementary determining region 3 (cdr3) spectratyping. however, data obtained with this method is usually subject to a biased eye analysis. we developed recently the iseapeaks software package to retrieve and handle peak data from automated sequencers, from which cdr3 spectratype data is obtained. we describe a general strategy for cdr3 spectratype analysis based on two new specific modules and multivariate statistics. the first modu ...200312957400
in vivo gene silencing in plasmodium berghei--a mouse malaria model.rna interference (rnai) has emerged as a specific and efficient tool to silence gene expression in a variety of organisms and cell lines. an important prospect for rnai technology is its possible application in the treatment of diseases using short interfering rnas (sirnas). however, the effect of sirnas in adult animals and their potential to treat or prevent diseases are yet to be fully investigated. the main goal of the present study is to find out whether it was possible to carry out rnai on ...200312963018
studies on the use of cassia singueana in malaria ethnopharmacy.cassia singueana (family: fabaceae) is used in northern nigeria for the treatment of acute malaria attack. we investigated the activities of the methanol extract of the root bark of this plant against rodent plasmodia infection, nociception, pyrexia and inflammation in mice and rats. the studies were carried out using acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate algesia, rodent plasmodia (plasmodium berghei) in mice; formalin test, yeast-induced pyrexia and egg-albumin-induced inflammation in rats. t ...200312963153
a new rodent model to assess blood stage immunity to the plasmodium falciparum antigen merozoite surface protein 119 reveals a protective role for invasion inhibitory antibodies.antibodies capable of inhibiting the invasion of plasmodium merozoites into erythrocytes are present in individuals that are clinically immune to the malaria parasite. those targeting the 19-kd cooh-terminal domain of the major merozoite surface protein (msp)-119 are a major component of this inhibitory activity. however, it has been difficult to assess the overall relevance of such antibodies to antiparasite immunity. here we use an allelic replacement approach to generate a rodent malaria para ...200312963693
crystal structure of plasmodium berghei lactate dehydrogenase indicates the unique structural differences of these enzymes are shared across the plasmodium genus.as plasmodium rely extensively on homolactic fermentation for energy production, plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (pfldh)--the key enzyme in this process--has previously been suggested as a novel target for antimalarials. this enzyme has distinctive kinetic and structural properties that distinguish it from its human homologues. in this study, we now describe the expression, kinetic characterisation and crystal structure determination of the ldh from plasmodium berghei. this enzyme is ...200312967707
[quantitative and qualitative study of the blood parasites during an experimental infection of white rats with plasmodium berghei]. 195212976787
[plasmodium berghei vincke and lips 1948; experimental study of malaria in rodents]. 195212981439
[plasmodium berghei vincke]. 195212982288
a microchemical study of plasmodium berghei by microincineration, with a note on the microscopical demonstration of calcium. 195212986696
the absorption of inoculated blood containing plasmodium berghei from the peritoneal cavity of the mouse. 195212986700
[resistance of plasmodium berghei at low temperatures]. 195212987999
[experimental plasmodium berghei malaria in the white rat]. 195212988010
[demonstration and analysis of crossed immunity between two strains of plasmodium berghei]. 195212988447
[results of the intracardiac or intraperitoneal injection in white mouse of large quantities of erythrocytes parasited with plasmodium berghei]. 195212988448
[study in the white rat of the relations between vitamin a deficiency and experimental malaria with plasmodium berghei]. 195212988449
the effect of antibiotics on experimental malaria (plasmodium cathemerium and plasmodium berghei). 195212996741
blood sugar studies on the white rat infected with plasmodium berghei. 195212996742
the course of the blood-induced plasmodium berghei infection in the meadow mouse microtus pennsylvanicus and certain other small rodents. 195313007920
[value of the blood reticulocyte level in experimental malaria in white rats caused by plasmodium berghei]. 195213009915
[the thorn test in experimental plasmodium berghei malaria in white rat]. 195213020087
[effect of adrenalectomy on experimental plasmodium berghei malaria in white rat]. 195213020088
[massive injection of plasmodium berghei into rat, for determination of effectiveness of an antimalarial; nivaquine]. 195213020089
[serological study of experimental plasmodium berghei infection in white rat; sandor's reticuloendothelial record and euglobuline i1]. 195213020090
[relations between blood reticulocytosis and the infection of a white rat with plasmodium berghei]. 195213020258
the effect of x irradiation on infections with plasmodium berghei in the white mouse. 195313022997
[therapy of plasmodium berghei infection in the rat]. 195113028080
[plasmodium berghei (vincke & lips) infection]. 195213028089
[note on the morphology of plasmodium berghei vincke and lips observed by phase contrast microscope]. 195213032762
the pigment of the malaria parasite plasmodium berghei. 195313035041
studies on plasmodium berghei n. sp. vincke and lips, 1948. 195213044278
studies on plasmodium berghei n. sp. vincke and lips, 1948. vi. reaction of blood-induced infection in albino mice to daraprim 2:4-diamino pyrimidine. 195213044279
studies on plasmodium berghei n. sp. vincke and lips, 1948. vii. spleen size in albino mice and rats with blood-induced infections. 195213044280
residual immunity following radical cure of plasmodium berghei in intact and splenectomized voles (microtus guentheri). 195313061766
development of plasmodium berghei in anopheles quadrimaculatus. 195313065628
studies on the nucleic acids of the malaria parasite, plasmodium berghei; vincke & lips. 195313066388
the action of dyes, antibiotics, and some miscellaneous compounds against plasmodium berghei. 195313066715
[behavior of hematozoa of reinoculation in the peritoneal cavity of rats recovered from plasmodium berghei; demonstration of phagocytosis of parasites]. 195313067410
[the influence of strain, sex and age of mice on infection with plasmodium berghei]. 195313069774
the morphology of plasmodium berghei before and after treatment with drugs. 195313077728
[neutralizing effects of pituitary growth hormone in plasmodium berghei infections in mice]. 195313082813
[receptivity of african flying-foxes to plasmodium berghei vincke et lips]. 195313094452
[parasitological and experimental study of plasmodium berghei vincke and lips, 1948]. 195313098708
[effect of milk diet on infections by plasmodium berghei, plasmodium vinckei and babesia rodhaini in mice]. 195313105095
[evolution of plasmodium berghei and p. vinckei in different mammals]. 195313105097
acute hepatitis associated with mouse leukemia. iv. the relationship of eperythrozoon coccoides to the hepatitis virus of princeton mice.the hepatitis of princeton weanlings was not prevented by the prior injection of terramycin nor was the virus inactivated by exposure to room temperature. eperythrozoon coccoides was not demonstrable in blood films from swiss and princeton mice infected with the corresponding type of hepatitis virus. combined infection with this virus and eperythrozoa, originally obtained by dr. r. b. mcghee from mice in association with plasmodium berghei, was attended by the appearance of numerous organisms in ...195313109101
[parasitologic and experimental studies on plasmodium berghei vincke and lips, 1948]. 195313110558
the chemotherapy of plasmodium berghei. i. resistance to drugs. 195313111811
studies on plasmodium berghei n sp. vincke and lips, 1948. 195313117524
studies on plasmodium berghei n.sp. vincke and lips, 1948. xii. attempts to estimate in vivo the acquired immunity in albino rats. 195313117525
anopheles aztecus (hoffman, 1935) a new definitive host for the cyclical transmission of plasmodium berghei vincke and lips, 1948. 195313118428
effect of tetra-ethylthiuramdisulphide (t.t.s.) on the antimalarial activity of quinine in plasmodium berghei infections in mice. 195313123958
pathological processes in disease. iv. oxidations in the rat reticulocyte, a host cell of plasmodium berghei. 195313125275
the uptake of radioactive phosphorus by erythrocytic stages of plasmodium berghei (vincke & lips). 195313126038
screening of antimalarial compounds in mice with plasmodium berghei infection. 195313128813
studies on plasmodium berghei n. sp. vincke and lips, 1948. viii. the course of blood-induced infection in starved albino rats. 195313128814
studies on plasmodium berghei n. sp. vincke and lips, 1984. ix. effect of milk diet on the course of blood-induced infection in albino rats. 195313128815
studies on plasmodium berghei n. sp. vincke and lips, 1948. 195313128816
the age-related resistance of rats to plasmodium berghei infection is associated with differential cellular and humoral immune responses.in this study, we investigated how the age of rats would affect the course of infection of and the immune response to plasmodium berghei. both young (4-week-old) and adult rats (8-week-old) can be infected with p. berghei anka strain, with significantly higher levels of infected red blood cells in young rats. while 100% of young rats succumbed to infection, adult rats were able to clear blood parasites and no mortality was observed. analysis of cellular distribution and circulating cytokines dem ...200313129529
artemisinin derivatives bearing mannich base group: synthesis and antimalarial activity.novel artemisinin derivatives bearing mannich base group were prepared and tested for their antimalarial activity. these water-soluble artemisinin derivatives were more stable than sodium artesunate and few compounds were found to be more active against plasmodium berghei in mice than artesunic acid by oral administration. two most potent derivatives 17b and 17d were examined for their antimalarial activity against plasmodium knowlesi in rhesus monkeys.200313129573
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