Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| in vitro activity of ciprofloxacin (bay o 9867). | the in vitro activities of ciprofloxacin (bay o 9867) and seven comparative antimicrobial agents against 664 aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacterial isolates were studied. minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) of ciprofloxacin were less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml for enterobacteriaceae, less than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml for nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli, less than or equal to 4 micrograms/ml for gram-positive cocci, less than or equal to 0.03 micrograms/ml for aeromona ... | 1983 | 6228192 |
| interference of pseudomonas aeruginosa with immunospecific host defenses. | pseudomonas aeruginosa, an important nosocomial pathogen, has numerous virulence factors that may interfere with unspecific host defense mechanisms (complement components, neutrophils, macrophages). furthermore, pseudomonas aeruginosa or substances derived from it can inhibit lymphocyte proliferative responses and alter immune responses, especially cell-mediated immune responses as evidenced by prolonged survival of skin homografts and suppression of dth skin reaction in humans and laboratory an ... | 1983 | 6232960 |
| macrophage-mediated suppression of t lymphocyte proliferation induced by oral carrageenan administration. | carrageenan, a high molecular weight sulphated polygalactan, is a potent inhibitor of immune responses mediated by macrophages. in the present study, spleen cells from rats orally dosed with 5 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg seakem 9 carrageenan displayed a long-lasting depression of t lymphocyte mitogenesis as measured by [3h]-thymidine uptake in response to phytohaemagglutinin (pha) or concanavalin a (con a). maximal suppression of splenic t cell proliferation occurred with the low dose (5 mg/kg) of orally ... | 1984 | 6237983 |
| systemic candidiasis in mice. ii.--main role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in resistance to infection. | cyclophosphamide (cy) increased whereas the talc embedded in a calcium phosphate gel (tcp) decreased the susceptibility of mice to systemic candidiasis estimated by measuring mean survival time and "renal infectivity" 12 h after challenge. transfers of plasma from cy- and tcp-treated mice did not modify cnadidiasis susceptibility of recipient mice. granulopenia and granulocytosis induced respectively by cy and tcp were significantly correlated with susceptibility or resistance to candidiasis. ne ... | 1980 | 6249181 |
| [electron microscopic findings on reversion of listeria l-forms]. | reversion in l-forms of listeria monocytogenes was studied with the use of electron microscopy. in the culture undergoing the process of reversion cells differing in size, form and the electron density of the cytoplasm were present. the process of reversion was characterized by the increase of cytoplasmic density, the decrease of nucleoid, the appearance of fibrillary material of medium electron density on the membrane surface and the longitudinal elongation of the cell. the cell wall of the rev ... | 1980 | 6251676 |
| comparative effects of an inflammatory reaction on the resistance of mice to bacterial and viral infections. | the induction in mice of a sterile subcutaneous granuloma exerted no influence upon the mortality following their infection with herpes type 1, murine hepatitis or encephalomyocarditis viruses. attempts to reproduce the resistance -- which has been found to occur as a result of the granulomatous reaction, in the case of bacterial, fungal or protozoa infections and tumour invasions -- by varying the route and timing of the virus inoculation or the strain of mice have failed. we conclude that it i ... | 1980 | 6251747 |
| chemiluminescence by listeria monocytogenes. | listeria monocytogenes cells suspended in brain heart infusion broth or in carbonated saline solution emitted light (chemiluminescence) that could be detected by a liquid scintillation spectrometer. this chemiluminescence was inhibited by superoxide dismutase and catalase but not by the hydroxyl radical scavengers mannitol and benzoate; it was also dependent upon and proportional to the carbonate ion concentration in the medium. organisms suspended in carbonated saline solution which had ceased ... | 1980 | 6253442 |
| effect of influenza virus infection on susceptibility to bacteria in mice. | a model of combined infection was established with intranasal influenza virus and systemic listeria monocytogenes infections of mice. prior infection of mice with influenza virus markedly influenced resistance to subsequent challenge with l. monocytogenes. if mice were infected with influenza virus within the 24-hr period before challenge, a substantial increase in mortality was reflected by enhanced growth of listeria in the spleen. if mice were infected with influenza virus three or five days ... | 1980 | 6257797 |
| pharmacokinetics and bacteriologic efficacy of moxalactam, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, and rocephin in experimental bacterial meningitis. | the pharmacokinetics and bacteriologic efficacy of four beta-lactam antibiotics were studied in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of rabbits using two test strains, escherichia coli type k1 and group b streptococcus type iii, and 24 gram-positive isolates. although moxalactam, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, and rocephin are active in vitro against gram-negative bacilli, the gram-positive bacteria listeria monocytogenes and streptococcus faecalis were resistant to all four drugs; group b strepto ... | 1981 | 6260870 |
| isolation and enumeration of listeria monocytogenes from sewage, sewage sludge and river water. | 1981 | 6262293 | |
| measurement of 5'-nucleotidase in mouse peritoneal macrophages in listeriosis. | 5'-nucleotidase activity in peritoneal macrophages of mice was measured both before and after infection with listeria monocytogenes in hosts which possessed high or low anti-listerial resistance either due to a genetically determined trait or as a result of splenectomy. reduction in enzyme activity was directly related to the degree of infection that developed in the hosts and hence was inversely related to the level of anti-listerial resistance observed. basal 5'-nucleotidase activity was signi ... | 1981 | 6265374 |
| biological activity of bordetella pertussis in lipopolysaccharide-resistant mice. | effects of bordetella pertussis organisms, such as adjuvanticity, induction of hypersplenia, and leukocytosis as well as modification of nonspecific resistance to infection and typical morphological response of lymphatic organs, were studied in the lipopolysaccharide-resistant c3h/hej mouse strain. it was shown that b. pertussis exerted all of these effects in c3h/hej mice, although the morphological response, hypersplenia, and modification of resistance to infection with listeria monocytogenes ... | 1981 | 6266965 |
| introduction and reisolation of selected gram-positive bacteria from fermented edible wastes. | a fermentation process using lactobacillus acidophilus added to edible food wastes was evaluated for its bactericidal action on selected gram-positive organisms. the lactobacillus fermentation converts food wastes into an animal feed ingredient. in this study, 5 gram-positive bacteria of zoonotic importance were individually tested. these organisms were: group e streptococcus, erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, clostridium perfringens, corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, and listeria monocytogenes. f ... | 1981 | 6271028 |
| perinatal listeriosis. tolerance of a clinical isolate of listeria monocytogenes for ampicillin and resistance against cefotaxime. | a strain of listeria monocytogenes isolated from a case of early onset, generalized, fatal, perinatal listeriosis in a premature infant was found to be tolerant for ampicillin and resistant against cefotaxime. a laboratory control strain of l. monocytogenes and staphylococcus aureus control strain atcc 25923 proved tolerant for both beta-lactam antibiotics, respectively. the combinations of ampicillin with gentamicin and cefotaxime with gentamicin resulted in additive bactericidal activity again ... | 1981 | 6271503 |
| [in vitro susceptibility of listeria monocytogenes with special reference to newer beta lactam antibiotics (author's transl)]. | minimal inhibitory (mic) and minimal lethal concentrations (mlc) of ampicillin, mezlocillin, piperacillin, cephalothin, cefamandole cefoxitin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, gentamicin, and doxycycline against 44 strain of listeria monocytogenes from clinical specimens were determined by broth dilution tests. with regard to the mic90 and mlc90 values (concentrations which inhibited or killed 90 percent of the strains) ampicillin showed the greatest anti-listeric activity with 0,48 and 20,8 microgram/ml ... | 1981 | 6277101 |
| [chemotherapy of listeriosis (author's transl)]. | despite the occasional lack of antibacterial activity ampicillin is considered to be the drug of choice for antibacterial chemotherapy in listeriosis. in vitro comparison with new penicillins (mezlocillin, piperacillin) and cephalosporins (cefamandol, cefoxitin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime) showed ampicillin to have the most potent activity against listeria monocytogenes. minimal inhibition concentrations (mic) were between 0.06 and 1 microgram/ml and minimal bactericidal concentrations (mbc) from 0. ... | 1982 | 6277589 |
| approaches to assessing host resistance. | there is increasing evidence that chronic, subclinical exposure to certain environmental pollutants may upset immune responsiveness and alter susceptibility of animals to infectious agents. environmental chemicals or drugs may affect diverse aspects of the immune system, leading to immunosuppression, immunopotentiation, hypersensitivity or perturbed innate host resistance. a variety of infectious models is available that involves relatively well defined target organs and host defense mechanisms; ... | 1982 | 6277617 |
| effects of solid tumors on the resistance of mice to viral and bacterial infections. | 1982 | 6278509 | |
| the comparative activities of n-formimidoyl theinamycin (mk0787), moxalactam, cefotaxime and cefoperazone against yersinia enterocolitica and listeria monocytogenes. | 1982 | 6284696 | |
| dietary hepatic cholesterol elevation: effects on coxsackievirus b infection and inflammation. | mice made hypercholesterolemic (hc) by diet are highly susceptible to coxsackievirus (cv) b5, whereas normal adult animals remain resistant. in attempting to define those dietary-induced physiological changes which contribute to altered resistance, a strong association between accumulation of intrahepatic cholesterol and increased cv b5-induced mortality was demonstrated, with maximum susceptibility to cv coinciding with a 2.5-fold increase in the ratio of hepatic cholesterol to protein. this me ... | 1982 | 6286492 |
| resistance to infections in mice with defects in the activities of mononuclear phagocytes and natural killer cells: effects of immunomodulators in beige mice and 89sr-treated mice. | beige mice, which are a homolog of the chediak-higashi syndrome, and mice treated with 89sr to destroy the bone marrow provide animal models of defects in mononuclear phagocyte and natural killer cell functions. the innate resistance of these mice to viruses such as herpes simplex and encephalomyocarditis viruses, however, is normal. moreover, treatment of the mice with immunomodulators such as propionibacterium acnes (formerly designated corynebacterium parvum) and pyran produced a significant ... | 1982 | 6290389 |
| [antibacterial effects of niridazole. ii. effects on aerobic and anaerobic bacteria]. | niridazole which is chemically related to metronidazole is endowed with much better antibacterial activity. first, several genera of aerobic bacteria, such as salmonella and escherichia, are susceptible to niridazole, whereas metronidazole is completely ineffective. there exist, however, some particular strains which are naturally resistant to niridazole. the in vitro activity of niridazole is still increased, if these facultative anaerobic bacteria are tested under anaerobic growth conditions. ... | 1982 | 6299027 |
| tumor-dependent resistance of rat peritoneal macrophages to herpes simplex virus. | by their position at sites of initial infection and their wide distribution in major organs of the body, macrophages may be decisive in determining the susceptibility or resistance of the host to virus infection. macrophage restriction of virus replication has been shown to be closely related to virus strains or virus types and to the age of the infected host. we report the effects of the development of a solid tumor in rats on intrinsic in vitro macrophage activity against herpes simplex virus ... | 1983 | 6299945 |
| characteristics of mononuclear phagocytes mediating antilisterial resistance in splenectomized mice. | the characteristics of mononuclear phagocytes mediating resistance to infection with listeria monocytogenes during the early phase (up to 48 h) of the response were investigated in mice of the a strain that had undergone splenectomy. although irradiation in the sham-operated host had no effect on its antilisterial response when administered immediately before infection, it markedly reduced the ability of the splenectomized host to resist listerial challenge. this effect of radiation was demonstr ... | 1983 | 6299948 |
| comparative biochemical and cytochemical studies on superoxide and peroxide in mouse macrophages. | maximal rates of superoxide (o-2) release, and the cytochemical locales of peroxide staining in resident, elicited, and activated macrophages have been determined. macrophages elicited into the peritoneum with either casein (1.2% w/v) or proteose-peptone (10.0% w/v) release about twice as much o-2 as macrophages activated by infection of the animals with either listeria monocytogenes, or bacille calmette-guerin (bcg) followed by immune boosting with purified protein derivative (ppd) (i.e., about ... | 1983 | 6302106 |
| lack of virus-specific bacterial adherence to bovine embryonic lung cells infected with bovine parainfluenza virus type 3. | infection of bovine embryonic lung cells with bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 did not induce in vitro, virus-specific, hemadsorption-related adherence of corynebacterium pyogenes, haemophilus somnus, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus zooepidemicus, pasteurella haemolytica, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli, pasteurella multocida, brucella sp., or salmonella typhimurium. | 1983 | 6302133 |
| cloning and expression in escherichia coli and bacillus subtilis of the hemolysin (cereolysin) determinant from bacillus cereus. | from a cosmid gene bank of bacillus cereus gp4 in escherichia coli we isolated clones which, after several days of incubation, formed hemolysis zones on erythrocyte agar plates. these clones contained recombinant cosmids with b. cereus dna insertions of varying lengths which shared some common restriction fragments. the smallest insertion was recloned as a psti fragment into pjkk3-1, a shuttle vector which replicates in bacillus subtilis and e. coli. when this recombinant plasmid (pjkk3-1 hly-1) ... | 1983 | 6307975 |
| cefotaxime versus ampicillin, methicillin and netilmicin in combination for treatment of febrile episodes in patients with haematologic malignancy. | a prospective, randomized trial comparing treatment of 61 febrile episodes with cefotaxime (ctx) versus a combination of ampicillin, methicillin, and netilmicin (amn) was carried out in 58 patients with leukaemia or malignant lymphoma, of whom 28 had a granulocyte count of less than or equal to 500 x 10(6)/l. the overall response frequency was 63% for ctx against 49% for the amn combination, the latter figure being lower than generally reported in the literature. the difference was not statistic ... | 1983 | 6308965 |
| introduction of pam beta 1 into listeria monocytogenes by conjugation and homology between native l. monocytogenes plasmids. | the broad host range antibiotic resistance plasmid pam beta 1 was transferred from streptococcus faecalis to 9 of 15 listeria monocytogenes strains by conjugation. l. monocytogenes transconjugates could transfer the plasmid either among l. monocytogenes strains or back to s. faecalis. transfer between the various strains occurred without any detectable plasmid dna rearrangements. the pam beta 1 replicon was stable in l. monocytogenes--it was retained without antibiotic selection when the bacteri ... | 1984 | 6323313 |
| immunotoxic effects of diethylstilbestrol on host resistance: comparison with cyclophosphamide. | to evaluate the usefulness of host resistance assays for measurement of immunotoxicologic effects of chemicals, the immunosuppressive effects of exposure to diethylstilbestrol (des) were compared with the effects of treatment with the known immunosuppressive drug cyclophosphamide (cps). a panel of six host resistance models was evaluated, including infection with the bacterium listeria monocytogenes, herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), and encephalomyocarditis virus (emc), the yeast cryptococcu ... | 1984 | 6323603 |
| antibacterial activity of coumermycin alone and in combination with other antibiotics. | coumermycin has been shown to inhibit staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis strains that are susceptible and those that are resistant to methicillin at concentrations less than or equal to 0.05 micrograms/ml. listeria monocytogenes and corynebacterium spp. resistant to cephalosporins were inhibited by less than or equal to 1.6 micrograms of coumermycin ml, and streptococcal species, with the exception of streptococcus faecalis, were inhibited by 0.1 micrograms/ml. cross-resistance ... | 1984 | 6331295 |
| the mediators of acquired resistance to listeria monocytogenes are contained within a population of cytotoxic t cells. | t cells from peritoneal exudates induced in rats convalescing from a recent infection of listeria monocytogenes were fractionated into two subsets based on their ability to bind monoclonal antibodies to cell-surface determinants that are expressed on some but not all peripheral t cells. two phenotypically distinct subsets, one recognized by the antibody mrc ox8 and the other by w3/25, were assayed for their protective capacity in listeria-challenged recipients, and for their ability to kill unmo ... | 1984 | 6331897 |
| impaired resistance to listeria monocytogenes in mice chronically exposed to cadmium. | it is shown in this work that resistance to listeria monocytogenes is greatly impaired in c57bl/6 mice chronically exposed to cadmium (cd) chloride. animals received 0.5 mg/kg cd by an intraperitoneal route three times a week during a 4-week period and were then infected with l. monocytogenes. susceptibility to this pathogenic bacteria was not due to a defect of the specific immune response, since mice developed normal levels of anti-listeria t cell-mediated immunity and did not show any impairm ... | 1984 | 6332063 |
| modulation of macrophage ia-expression by lipopolysaccharide. i. induction of ia expression in vivo. | experiments were performed to analyze the modulation of macrophage ia expression and biosynthesis by salmonella minnesota-derived lipopolysaccharide (lps) in vivo. the i.p. injection of lps into lps-responder mice caused a dramatic increase in the ia expression of the peritoneal macrophage population harvested 1 wk after injection. as little as 1 ng of lipid-rich re595 lps per mouse caused a significant i-ak increase, and 1 microgram was optimal; wild-type s. minnesota lps was less active. no i- ... | 1984 | 6332135 |
| comparative in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of fr 17027, a new orally active cephalosporin. | fr 17027, a new orally absorbed cephalosporin ester, inhibited group a and b streptococci and streptococcus pneumoniae at less than or equal to 0.1 micrograms/ml, which is similar to the inhibition concentration of amoxicillin and cefaclor, and was more active than cephalexin. it was less active (mic, 25 micrograms/ml) against staphylococci than was cephalexin, and it did not inhibit streptococcus faecalis or listeria monocytogenes. fr 17027 inhibited beta-lactamase-producing isolates of neisser ... | 1984 | 6333207 |
| [effect of psk on the recovery of macrophage function and t cell-mediated immunity in tumor-bearing mice]. | the effect of psk on the depressed bactericidal activity of macrophages and delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) to listeria monocytogenes in balb/c mice bearing transplantable meth a fibrosarcoma was studied. in tumor-bearing mice pretreated with psk, l. monocytogenes was cleared rapidly from the circulating blood and bacterial growth in the liver was inhibited effectively in the early phase of infection. this resistance to the infection could be transferred with peritoneal exudate cells (pec) b ... | 1984 | 6333849 |
| depression of macrophage functions and t-cell-mediated immunity to listeria infection in tumor-bearing mice and its prevention by psk. | the effect of psk on the depressed bactericidal activity of macrophages and delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) to listeria monocytogenes in balb/c mice bearing transplantable meth a fibrosarcoma was studied. in tumor-bearing mice pretreated with psk, l. monocytogenes was cleared rapidly from the circulating blood and bacterial growth in the liver was inhibited effectively in the early phase of infection. this resistance to the infection could be transferred with adherent peritoneal exudate cell ... | 1984 | 6334552 |
| production of migration inhibitory factor by listeria-immune mouse t lymphocytes, but not b lymphocytes. | antigens and b cell mitogens have been reported to induce migration inhibition factor (mif) production by mouse b cells. immune resistance to the intracellular bacterium, listeria monocytogenes is thought to involve t cells, but not b cells. since listeria-derived components are b cell, but not t cell mitogens, it was important to determine whether these materials could stimulate secretion of the lymphokine, mif by t cells, b cells, or both. thus populations of whole, unfractionated spleen cells ... | 1983 | 6336723 |
| influence of early weaning and dietary fat on immune responses in adult rats. | equal numbers of female rats, either prematurely weaned at 14 days of age or allowed to nurse for 21 days, were pair-fed a diet containing either vegetable oil or cholesterol-enriched animal fat for 95 days. thereafter all animals received the animal fat diet until 11 months of age. rats were then immunized with sheep erythrocytes and the antibody response quantified. there was no significant effect of early weaning or diet on the number of plaque-forming splenocytes or on serum hemolysins. a si ... | 1983 | 6338173 |
| bacterial meningitis--1982. | the etiologic agents in bacterial meningitis vary with time, geography, and patient age. predominant pathogens are escherichia coli, group b streptococci, listeria monocytogenes, haemophilus influenzae, neisseria meningitidis, and streptococcus pneumoniae. approximately 70 percent of all cases occur in children under the age of five. the case-fatality rate in the united states in 1978 was 13.6 percent, but it is known that underreporting of cases, and therefore of case-fatalities, occurs. preven ... | 1983 | 6349348 |
| impaired macrophage functions as a possible basis of immunomodification by microbial agents, tilorone and dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide. | four microbial and two chemically defined immunomodulating agents namely viable bcg, killed mycobacterium butyricum, killed lactobacillus plantarum, zymosan, tilorone, and dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (dda) were studied for their effects on macrophage functions in vitro and in vivo. all agents induced a dose-dependent mortality of macrophages as determined by trypan blue exclusion. dda and especially tilorone were rather toxic for macrophages in vitro. all agents except tilorone and dda i ... | 1983 | 6351737 |
| bacterial meningitis in older neonates. | during a five-year period, 24 patients' conditions (age range, 2 to 6 weeks) were diagnosed, and they were treated for bacterial meningitis. organisms recovered from the csf included group b streptococcus (n = 6), escherichia coli (n = 5), listeria monocytogenes (n = 5), hemophilus influenzae (n = 4), streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 2), and group d and group a streptococcus (one each). initial antimicrobial therapy must include antibiotics that are effective across this spectrum of potential patho ... | 1983 | 6356881 |
| [favorable prognosis of listeria monocytogenes infections in kidney transplant patients]. | 1983 | 6358719 | |
| evaluation of mycobacterium leprae immunogenicity via adoptive transfer studies. | the immune response of mice to live, heat-killed, or autoclaved mycobacterium leprae was investigated. after sensitization with 10(7) organisms in each group, recipient mice were transfused with the sensitized splenocytes 28 days later. a selected number of these mice were infected with 5 x 10(3) m. leprae, and the remaining animals were sacrificed at scheduled intervals for evidence of cell-mediated immunity to the m. leprae cell extract. data from these and the bacteriological assays showed th ... | 1984 | 6360910 |
| biological activities of a murine t-cell clone with reactivity to mycobacterium leprae. | mice were immunized subcutaneously with killed mycobacterium leprae in incomplete freund's adjuvant and draining lymph nodes removed. lymph node cells were propagated in vitro and cloned at limiting dilution in the presence of syngeneic accessory cells, antigen, and t-cell growth factor. cloned t cells were restricted by the h-2i-a sublocus. in vitro interaction(s) of cloned t cells with accessory cells presenting m. leprae-derived determinants resulted in t-cell proliferation, interleukin secre ... | 1984 | 6362895 |
| effect of triphenyltin hydroxide on the immune system of the rat. | to evaluate the functional significance of triphenyltin hydroxide (tpth)-induced lymphopenia and lymphocyte depletion in thymus-dependent areas of spleen and lymph nodes, various immune function studies were carried out after 3 or 4 weeks tpth exposure. weaned male rats were fed a diet containing 25 mg tpth/kg, a concentration that did not influence food intake and weight gain. tbto exposure was continued during the course of the function tests. as parameters of the cell-mediated immunity in 2 e ... | 1984 | 6367147 |
| hydrogen peroxide-mediated antagonism against serratia marcescens by streptococcus mitis. | the alpha-hemolytic streptococcus mitis strain no. 17-1, isolated from the oral cavity of an healthy female adult, antagonized the growth of all 24 test strains of serratia marcescens examined; furthermore, this strain inhibited the growth of various strains of staphylococcus aureus, s. epidermidis, streptococcus pyogenes, s. agalactiae, s. pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, listeria monocytogenes, and corynebacterium diphtheriae. however, strans of escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, klebs ... | 1983 | 6372321 |
| trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for bacterial meningitis. | trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole has excellent microbiologic activity against most pathogens that produce meningitis; both components of this drug have high penetration into tissues, including the cerebrospinal fluid. clinical experience shows that trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole may be beneficial in the treatment of gram-negative bacillary meningitis caused by organisms only moderately susceptible to third-generation cephalosporins (enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens) or resistant to these an ... | 1984 | 6372565 |
| pharmacokinetics and bacteriological efficacy of mezlocillin in experimental escherichia coli and listeria monocytogenes meningitis. | the purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics and bacteriological effect of mezlocillin in experimental meningitis caused by listeria monocytogenes and two escherichia coli strains. the half-life of mezlocillin in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) was approximately twice that in serum of experimentally infected animals, and the penetration of drug into csf was 5 to 15% after a single dose and 5 to 20% after continuous-infusion experiments. the bactericidal titer in csf for both suscept ... | 1984 | 6375552 |
| cellular immunity induced by avirulent salmonella in lps-defective c3h/hej mice. | an avirulent strain of salmonella, sl3235, has been shown to confer high levels of immunity on lipopolysaccharide (lps)-hyporesponsive c3h/hej mice. immunized mice were also protected against challenge with listeria monocytogenes, indicating that the salmonella vaccine activates macrophages. it was shown that protection and macrophage activation occurred without correction of the lps defect, as assessed by in vivo endotoxin toxicity, in vitro spleen cell mitogenicity, and the ability of in vivo ... | 1984 | 6376631 |
| separate transfer of mouse protection and delayed-type hypersensitivity with salmonella typhimurium transfer factor. | delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) induced with salmonella typhimurium transfer factor (tf) contributed to an increase in mean survival days of mice challenged with homologous organisms and afforded only a low level of host protection as determined by survival rate, compared with that obtained by active immunization. tf of other enteric bacteria could transfer dth which is cross-reactive to salmonella antigen but did not afford host protection. although tf of listeria monocytogenes did not tran ... | 1984 | 6380767 |
| differential expression of macrophage effector functions: bactericidal versus tumoricidal activities. | macrophage populations may be induced to express tumoricidal or bactericidal activities following exposure to certain stimuli. an understanding of the differences in the stimulatory mechanisms and in the characteristics of the macrophages they affect will be facilitated by comparing functional activities of various macrophage populations. the experiments described here were conducted to determine whether injection of a single stimulus necessarily drives cells to express both tumoricidal and bact ... | 1984 | 6384403 |
| in vitro activity of imipenem--a review. | a review is given of the microbiological properties of imipenem, a new carbapenem antibiotic with an exceptionally broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. an evaluation of results of numerous in vitro studies reveals that imipenem effectively inhibited growth of 53 of 55 bacterial species, the mean mic90 being less than 8 mg/l. the mic90 for cocci, with the exception of staphylococcus epidermidis, is in the range of 0.01-3.1 mg/l. the mic90 for all enterobacteriaceae is equal to or less than 8 ... | 1984 | 6389125 |
| host defense mechanisms to perinatal and neonatal listeria monocytogenes infection. | 1984 | 6390622 | |
| overview of neonatal listeriosis. | neonatal listeriosis accounts for the largest recognizable group of infections due to listeria monocytogenes. fetal wastage with early gestational infection is a recognized complication of maternal infection. late gestational maternal infection or asymptomatic colonization may be associated with neonatal infection. early-and late-onset clinical forms are recognized and the epidemiology, and clinical features of neonatal listeriosis resemble neonatal infections due to group b streptococci. the so ... | 1984 | 6398177 |
| new perspectives on the gastrointestinal mode of transmission in invasive listeria monocytogenes infection. | the route or mechanism of transmission of listeria monocytogenes from its rural veterinary reservoir to newborn and older human populations has been obscure. anecdotal reports of milk-borne infection from cows with listeria mastitis have been published, but intensive investigations of small outbreaks of l. monocytogenes infections in humans have not supported a gastrointestinal mode of infection. several recent studies, however, strongly suggest this possibility, and case-control studies of epid ... | 1984 | 6398178 |
| comparison of three serological methods--enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, complement fixation, and microagglutination--in the diagnosis of human perinatal listeria monocytogenes infection. | serological diagnosis of human perinatal infection with listeria monocytogenes is at present unsatisfactory. difficulties in performing or interpreting serodiagnostic tests include weak or absent antibody responses to infection and extensive serologic cross-reactions with other organisms. in an attempt to overcome these problems, we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect igg (elisa-g) and igm (elisa-m) antibody to l. monocytogenes and compared these tests with microagglutinatio ... | 1984 | 6398179 |
| epidemic listeriosis--evidence for transmission by food. | 1983 | 6401354 | |
| effect of acute nutritional deprivation on immune function in mice. i. macrophages. | this study was designed to explore the effects of acute nutritional deprivation (starvation) on macrophage function in mice. in vivo macrophage activity was increased by starvation, as determined by multiplication of listeria monocytogenes in both spleens and livers after intravenous injection. similarly, in vitro studies revealed that the capacity of peritoneal macrophages to kill listeria was enhanced by starvation. this function was increased further by the addition of small concentrations of ... | 1983 | 6402445 |
| equine abortion caused by listeria monocytogenes serotype 4. | 1983 | 6402475 | |
| interferon-gamma production by listeria monocytogenes-specific t cells active in cellular antibacterial immunity. | cultures of peritoneal exudate t lymphocyte-enriched cells (petlec) from listeria monocytogenes-immune mice, antigen-presenting cells (apc) and heat-killed l. monocytogenes produced high amounts of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma). high ifn titers were also observed after stimulation of l. monocytogenes-immune cell cultures with the t cell mitogens concanavalin a and phytohemagglutinin. l. monocytogenes-immune petlec produced several fold higher ifn titers than normal cell cultures in response to mi ... | 1983 | 6403361 |
| time course of antilisterial activity by immunologically activated murine peritoneal macrophages. | murine peritoneal macrophages were rapidly rendered listericidal after exposure to lymphokine-rich supernatants (lrss) derived from antigen-pulsed listeria monocytogenes-immune spleen cells. a 6-h incubation period with lrss was sufficient to induce microbicidal activity in resident macrophages. in vitro induction of macrophage listericidal activity by constant exposure to lrss persisted for 18 h, after which time spleen cell factors were no longer capable of modifying intracellular inactivation ... | 1983 | 6403458 |
| human peritoneal macrophage phagocytic, killing, and chemiluminescent responses to opsonized listeria monocytogenes. | opsonization with normal human serum, purified immunoglobulin g, or immunoglobulin g-deficient serum promoted phagocytosis of listeria monocytogenes by human peritoneal macrophages. however, normal human serum was the most effective opsonin in elicting killing and chemiluminescent responses. macrophages phagocytized and killed almost as much as polymorphonuclear leukocytes but produced considerably less chemiluminescence. | 1983 | 6403471 |
| bcg-induced susceptibility of mice to challenge with pseudomonas aeruginosa. | mice infected with mycobacterium bovis, bcg, were shown to be highly susceptible to subsequent challenge with pseudomonas aeruginosa. the susceptibility was characterized by the enhanced mortality and shortened survival after challenge with p. aeruginosa. bcg-treated mice did not show any enhanced susceptibility to challenge with gram-positive bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus or listeria monocytogenes. bcg-treated mice eliminated p. aeruginosa from their organs in a pattern similar to that ... | 1983 | 6403661 |
| protective activity of thymosin against opportunistic infections in animal models. | animal models for opportunistic infections were developed by using mice immunosuppressed by 5-fu. these mice were susceptible to various microorganisms, while normal mice had greater tolerance to such microbial infections. in these models, thymosin alpha 1 was found to protect mice against lethal infections with candida albicans, listeria monocytogenes, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and serratia marcescens when it was administered during 5-fu treatment prior to the infections. thymosin alpha 1 was eff ... | 1983 | 6404549 |
| restriction in adoptive transfer of resistance to listeria monocytogenes. i. influence of non-h-2 loci. | in vivo adoptive transfer of t-cell-mediated immunity to the facultative intracellular bacterium listeria monocytogenes is restricted, not only by the h-2 haplotype of the mice, but also by incompatibilities at non-h-2 loci. thus, transfer between h-2 identical strains of mice with different background genes was reproducibly and significantly less efficient than transfer between completely syngeneic mice, although the restriction was less marked than that across the h-2 barrier. restriction also ... | 1983 | 6404560 |
| chemical composition and biological functions of listeria monocytogenes cell wall preparations. | a crude listeria cell wall fraction, a purified fraction (pf) with demonstrated biological activity, as well as a third fraction of base-hydrolyzed pf (bhpf) were analyzed for chemical composition and activities not previously described. listeria cell wall fraction and pf contained significant quantities of lipid, whereas bhpf was lipid depleted. fatty acid compositions were typical of gram-positive bacteria. pf and bhpf were depleted in protein. alanine, glutamic acid, diaminopimelic acid, gluc ... | 1983 | 6404818 |
| lack of correlative enhancement of passive transfer of delayed-type hypersensitivity and antilisterial resistance when using concanavalin a-stimulated primed spleen cells. | the adoptive transfer of resistance to listeria monocytogenes can be significantly enhanced by in vitro incubation of primed murine spleen cells with concanavalin a (cona) before transfer into syngeneic recipients. the level of transferred resistance, as measured by clearance of infectious organisms, can approach that observed in actively immunized mice. when delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) responses of passive transfer recipients were compared, there was no difference in the level of hypers ... | 1983 | 6404821 |
| in vitro propagation of antigen-specific t lymphocytes that adoptively transfer resistance to listeria monocytogenes. | murine t cells generated against heat-killed listeria monocytogenes or listeria intracellular product (lip) were propagated in a source of interleukin 2. both t-cell cultures were greater than 98% lyt 1+, 2/3- and proliferated specifically against lip and l. monocytogenes crude whole-cell antigen in vitro. proliferation of both t-cell cultures required the presence of antigen and accessory cells syngeneic to the t cells at the left end of the major histocompatibility complex. the ability of thes ... | 1983 | 6404832 |
| [biochemical differentiation of the "listeria monocytogenes" (sensu lato) genomic groups]. | camp-tests with staphylococcus aureus and rhodococcus equi and acid production from d-xylose allowed to separate the five dna relatedness groups described for listeria monocytogenes sensu lato; acid production from l-rhamnose and alpha-methyl-d-mannoside are secondary markers. | 1983 | 6405670 |
| course of infection and development of immunity in experimental infection of mice with listeria serotypes. | nmri mice were experimentally infected with listeria monocytogenes serotypes 1/2b, 3a, 4b, and 4d and listeria innocua serotype 6b by different means. the course of infection was monitored, using bacteriological and histological methods. the following typical features of experimental infection with the various l. monocytogenes and l. innocua serotypes were observed. (i) on the basis of the mean lethal dose, l. monocytogenes 4b, 4d, and 1/2b proved to be mouse pathogenic, although to different de ... | 1983 | 6406363 |
| hemolytic phenomenons under the cultivation of listeria innocua. | it was proved that listeria innocua is able to hemolyze rabbit erythrocytes in blood agars when oxoid or difco nutrient agars are used as basic substrate. after 48 h incubation at 37 degrees c and a further 24 h at 4 degrees c the hemolytic effect was clearly expressed. the hot-cold incubation was inevitable. unlike the hemolytic effect of l. monocytogenes, the hemolytic phenomenon of l. innocua was not enhanced by the equi-factor. | 1983 | 6407238 |
| delayed bactericidal activity of beta-lactam antibiotics against listeria monocytogenes: antagonism of chloramphenicol and rifampin. | penicillins are considered to be the drugs of choice for the treatment of listeric meningitis, and relapse of infection is rare when treatment is given in appropriate doses for at least 14 days. despite this, in vitro studies by others have shown that penicillins are bacteriostatic against listeria spp. we have shown that thienamycin, penicillin g, and ampicillin are the most active beta-lactam antibiotics against listeria spp. of 10 strains tested, 9 were killed by less than or equal to 8 micro ... | 1983 | 6407393 |
| restriction in adoptive transfer of resistance to listeria monocytogenes. ii. use of congenic and mutant mice show transfer to be h-2k restricted. | adoptive transfer of cell-mediated immunity to the facultative intracellular bacterium listeria monocytogenes is restricted by the h-2 complex of mice. using c57bl/10 and c57bl/6 congenic strains of mice it was shown that compatibility of the h-2k locus, not the i region, was essential and sufficient for adoptive transfer and that h-2d compatibility was not relevant. mutation at the h-2k locus prevented adoptive transfer, while mutation at the ia-1 locus, as in the b6.c-h-2bm12 mutant of c57bl/6 ... | 1983 | 6407759 |
| in vitro production of immune interferon (ifn gamma) by murine spleen cells when different sensitizing antigens are used in vivo and in vitro. | ok-432, a killed preparation of streptococcus pyogenes, as well as bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) and corynebacterium parvum are all known to induce immune interferon (ifn gamma) in mice. to examine the mechanisms of ifn gamma induction by ok-432, ddi mice were sensitized with various doses of ok-432, either by a single injection of a 1-mg dose or repeated injections of 0.1-mg doses given intraperitoneally. spleen cells removed from the mice 7-9 days after the last injection produced high-titere ... | 1983 | 6407761 |
| [a case of cholelithiasis, in which listeria monocytogenes type 3 was isolated from the patient's bile]. | 1983 | 6408201 | |
| [recent results in the microbiology and epidemiology of human listeriosis in east germany]. | 1983 | 6408813 | |
| listeriosis of roe-deer in hungary. | 1983 | 6408852 | |
| cellular mechanisms of resistance to listeria monocytogenes. | 1983 | 6408902 | |
| natural resistance to listeria monocytogenes as a function of macrophage inflammatory response. | 1983 | 6408903 | |
| effect of acute nutritional deprivation on host defenses against listeria monocytogenes--macrophage function. | 1983 | 6408904 | |
| [inflammation and antibacterial resistance. iii. influence of an inflammatory reaction induced by the injection of polyacrylamide gels on the resistance of mice to listeria monocytogenes infection]. | inflammation was induced in the dorsal area of pathogen-free mice following subcutaneous injection of polyacrylamide microbeads (biogel) of varying particle size (200-400 mesh) and pore size (exclusion limit ranging from a molecular weight of 2,000 to 300,000). six days after injection of the microbeads, mice were infected with 10(5) listeria monocytogenes. only animals injected with "biogel p2, p4, p6" (exclusion limit 2,000, 4,000 and 6,000 respectively) survived this lethal inoculum of lister ... | 1983 | 6408974 |
| beta-lactam antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria responsible for neonatal meningitis. | neonatal meningitis is caused by group b streptococci (gbs), escherichia coli, and listeria monocytogenes, in order of frequency. newly developed cephalosporins with a broad spectrum of activity have altered the therapy of meningitis due to gram-negative bacilli. however, we found that clinical isolates of gbs and l. monocytogenes did not demonstrate uniform susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics. antibiotic potencies for gbs tested were: cefotaxime, penicillin, ceftriaxone, amoxicillin, cefa ... | 1983 | 6409519 |
| toxoplasma gondii: decreased resistance to intracellular bacteria in mice. | the effect of sublethal inocula of toxoplasma gondii on the course of listeriosis and salmonellosis in mice was investigated. intravenous injection of t. gondii 24 hr after inoculation of listeria monocytogenes increased mortality from 16% (l. monocytogenes alone) to 68% (l. monocytogenes + t. gondii) (p less than 0.001). multiplication of l. monocytogenes in spleens also was increased significantly in mice given t. gondii. by 3 days after infection, mice that had received t. gondii and l. monoc ... | 1983 | 6409658 |
| listeria monocytogenes in northern nigeria. | during a one-year prospective study, the clinical conditions in which listeria monocytogenes was isolated from nineteen patients (six females, thirteen males) included meningitis, meningoencephalitis, spontaneous peritonitis, septicaemia, arthritis, pelvic infection and urethritis. all isolates were type 4 serotype. both apparently well persons and patients with already compromised immune systems were observed. subtyping of ascitic fluid lymphocytes in one patient with peritonitis showed predomi ... | 1983 | 6409967 |
| killing of listeria monocytogenes by human neutrophils and monocytes, but not by monocyte-derived macrophages. | acquired resistance to listeriosis is thought to require immunological activation of mononuclear phagocytes to an enhanced microbicidal state. in this study we found that both neutrophils and mononuclear phagocytes from nonimmunized human donors killed listeria monocytogenes in vitro as well as they killed salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli. bactericidal activity was detectable using both adherent cell and cell suspension bactericidal assays; however, bactericidal activity was greater w ... | 1983 | 6410063 |
| listeria monocytogenes prosthetic valve endocarditis. | listeria monocytogenes is a rare cause of prosthetic valve endocarditis and in all of the four reported cases has occurred as a late complication. bacteriologic cure of the infection has been obtained in all reported patients, using a standard regimen of either penicillin or penicillin and an aminoglycoside. the two deaths were associated with starr-edwards prostheses in the aortic position and have been attributed to embolic phenomena occurring after bacteriologic sterilization of the infected ... | 1983 | 6410519 |
| [effect of moderate protein-calorie deprivation on cell-mediated immunity in mice]. | mild protein-calorie deprivation in mice decreases their early nonspecific inflammatory response to an injection of bcg or tuberculin into the footpad. after an injection of bcg, the size of the granuloma and the delayed hypersensitivity reaction to tuberculin significantly decreased. this decrease in cell-mediated immunity was paradoxically accompanied by a fall in bacillus multiplication at the popliteal ganglion, i.e. the site of bcg injection. a reduction in microbial multiplication was also ... | 1983 | 6410973 |
| listeria meningitis--in vitro sensitivities to co-trimoxazole, penicillins and gentamicin. | 1983 | 6411056 | |
| structural and immunochemical studies of teichoic acid of listeria monocytogenes. | an immunologically active teichoic acid component was isolated from the cell wall of listeria monocytogenes strain egd. the teichoic acid component, accounting for about 20% of the weight of cell wall, contained n-acetylglucosamine, rhamnose, ribitol, and phosphorus in a molar ratio of 0.95 : 1.0 : 0.97 : 0.98. the molecular weight of the teichoic acid chain was about 120,000 as analyzed by gel filtration. the probable structure was deduced from the results of methylation analysis, smith degrada ... | 1983 | 6411698 |
| kinetics of killing listeria monocytogenes by macrophages: rapid killing accompanying phagocytosis. | the kinetics of bactericidal activity of activated macrophages can be precisely described by a mathematical model in which phagocytosis, killing, digestion, and release of degraded bacterial material are considered to occur continuously. to gain a better understanding of these events, i have determined the period of time between first contact of bacteria with macrophages and the onset of killing. activated rat peritoneal macrophages were incubated for various times up to 15 min with listeria mon ... | 1983 | 6411918 |
| electric field effects on bacteria and yeast cells. | comparative studies were carried out describing the lethal effects of electric pulses on gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, and yeast cells. microorganisms are killed by the pulse treatment without visible morphological destruction. the observed survival rates are figured as functions of the field strength e and the treatment time t (pulse number x time constant) revealing three explicit parameters as sufficient to explain the kinetics of the results. these parameters are determined ... | 1983 | 6412279 |
| surface thermodynamics of bacterial adhesion. | the adhesion of five strains of bacteria, i.e., staphylococcus aureus (strain 049), staphylococcus epidermidis (strain 047), escherichia coli (strains 055 and 2627), and listeria monocytogenes, to various polymeric surfaces was studied. the design of the experimental protocol was dictated by thermodynamic considerations. from the thermodynamic model for the adhesion of small particles from a suspension onto a solid substratum, it follows that the extent of adhesion is determined by the surface p ... | 1983 | 6412629 |
| comparison between immunopotency tests and specific active or passive acquired resistance against mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice induced with three different preparations of bcg pasteur vaccine. | tests, exploring hallmarks of cell-mediated immunity (cmi), were used in order to compare immunogenecity of same numbers of viable units from three different preparations of bcg vaccine derived from the same strain. specific and non-specific cellular immune responses were assessed by several tests including, active and adoptive acquired resistance to mycobacterium tuberculosis, local and systemic granuloma formation. bcg persistence in the spleen, delayed type hypersensibility (dth) to tuberculi ... | 1983 | 6413106 |
| [icteric hepatitis in listeriosis?]. | icteric hepatitis was observed in a 21-year-old female patient. titres of the agglutination reaction for listeria monocytogenes supported the likelihood of listeria infection. further serological studies of potentially relevant viruses and bacteria remained negative. | 1983 | 6413189 |
| antibacterial activity of microbicidal cationic proteins 1 and 2, natural peptide antibiotics of rabbit lung macrophages. | microbicidal cationic proteins 1 and 2, peptides derived from rabbit lung macrophages, were tested for bactericidal activity against various bacterial species. both were highly active against diverse gram-positive and gram-negative organisms under conditions of near-neutral ph (between 7 and 8) and relatively low ionic strength. susceptible species included staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, listeria monocytogenes, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneu ... | 1983 | 6413408 |
| resistance and susceptibility of mice to bacterial infection. iv. functional specificity in natural resistance to facultative intracellular bacteria. | the effect of opsonic antibody on resistance of susceptibility of three strains of mice, c57bl/10, balb/c, and cba to the intracellular bacteria listeria monocytogenes, salmonella typhimurium, and brucella abortus was tested. bacteria were opsonized by serum treatment before their injection into mice, or the mice were preimmunized by injection with alcohol killed bacteria which induces antibody without macrophage activation. antibody did not increase the rate of clearance of listeria from the bl ... | 1983 | 6413682 |
| [processes of bacterial l transformation and l form reversion in the body of argasid ticks]. | the experimental infection of tampan ticks (ornithodoros moubata) with the bacterial cultures of listeria monocytogenes and salmonella typhimurium, as well as with their l-forms, was carried out. these experiments demonstrated that both the l-transformation of bacteria and the reversion of their l-forms into the initial bacterial culture could occur in the body of the ticks. | 1983 | 6414200 |
| immunoactive peptides, fk-156 and fk-565. i. enhancement of host resistance to microbial infection in mice. | the protective effect of an immunoactive peptide, d-lactoyl-l-alanyl-gamma-d-glutamyl-(l)-meso-diaminopimelyl-(l)-glycine (fk-156) and a related compound, heptanoyl-gamma-d-glutamyl-(l)-meso-diaminopimelyl-(d)-alanine (fk-565) was determined in mice with various kinds of microbial infections. fk-156 and fk-565 were given to mice either subcutaneously or orally before challenge. the drugs enhanced significantly the defense of mice against acute systemic infections induced by various extracellular ... | 1983 | 6415029 |
| lipoteichoic acid from listeria monocytogenes. | a lipoteichoic acid (lta) was extracted from listeria monocytogenes (serotype 1) by phenol-water partition and isolated by gel-filtration chromatography. the lta exhibited amphiphilic properties by changes in gel-filtration mobility in the presence of detergent buffers and after mild base hydrolysis. in a hemagglutination assay, listeria lta bound antibody prepared against a known lta from streptococcus spp. listeria lta inhibited the binding of anti-lta antibody to a lactobacillus lta in a hema ... | 1983 | 6415040 |