Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| comparison between nasal swabs and nasopharyngeal aspirates for, and effect of time in transit on, isolation of streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis. | we assessed the impact of the use of nasal swabs or nasopharyngeal aspirates and the time from specimen collection to storage at -70 degrees c on bacterial isolation. haemophilus influenzae was isolated significantly less often from swabs than from nasopharyngeal aspirates. samples in transit for >3 days were half as likely to grow streptococcus pneumoniae and h. influenzae as those in transit for < or =3 days. there was no statistically significant difference for either moraxella catarrhalis or ... | 2007 | 17079497 |
| the moraxella catarrhalis autotransporter mcap is a conserved surface protein that mediates adherence to human epithelial cells through its n-terminal passenger domain. | the protein mcap was previously shown to be an adhesin expressed by the moraxella catarrhalis strain o35e, which also displays esterase and phospholipase b activities (j. m. timpe et al., infect. immun. 71:4341-4350, 2003). in the present study, sequence analysis suggests that mcap is a conventional autotransporter protein that contains a 12-stranded beta-barrel transporter module (amino acids [aa] 383 to 650) linked to a surface-exposed passenger domain exhibiting lipolytic activity (aa 62 to 3 ... | 2007 | 17088358 |
| comparison of a taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction with conventional tests for the detection of trichomonas vaginalis. | to compare a taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with conventional pcr, culture, and wet-mount microscopy for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis in women. | 2007 | 17090567 |
| comparison of a taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction with conventional tests for the detection of trichomonas vaginalis. | to compare a taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with conventional pcr, culture, and wet-mount microscopy for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis in women. | 2007 | 17090567 |
| [cefditoren pivoxil: a new oral cephalosporin for skin, soft tissue and respiratory tract infections]. | cefditoren pivoxil, a new-third generation cephalosporin antibiotic that has recently been granted approval in spain, shows important activity over a large part of the pathogens causing skin, soft tissue and respiratory tract infections, including gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. cefditoren has also been shown to be stable against hydrolysis by many common beta-lactamases. data from in vitro studies and clinical trials show this antibiotic as an oral formulation with an intrinsic activi ... | 2006 | 17099791 |
| macrolide resistance rates in respiratory pathogens in slovenia following reduced macrolide use. | the aim of this study was to investigate the association between decreased use of macrolides and resistance of common respiratory pathogens in slovenia from 1999 to 2004. over a 6-year period the consumption of macrolides in slovenia decreased by 21.3%, from 3.81 defined daily doses/1000 inhabitants per day (did) to 3.0 did. the use of short-acting, intermediate-acting and long-acting subclasses of macrolides decreased by 50%, 18% and 13%, respectively. in the same period, resistance of invasive ... | 2006 | 17101264 |
| intranasal vaccination with recombinant outer membrane protein cd and adamantylamide dipeptide as the mucosal adjuvant enhances pulmonary clearance of moraxella catarrhalis in an experimental murine model. | moraxella catarrhalis causes acute otitis media in children and lower respiratory tract infections in adults and elderly. in children the presence of antibodies against the highly conserved outer membrane protein cd correlates with protection against infection, suggesting that this protein may be useful as a vaccine antigen. however, native cd is difficult to purify, and it is still unclear if recombinant cd (rcd) is a valid alternative. we performed a side-by-side comparison of the immunogenici ... | 2007 | 17101651 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity of the pyrrolopyrazolyl-substituted oxazolidinone rwj-416457. | rwj-416457, an investigational pyrrolopyrazolyl-substituted oxazolidinone, inhibited the growth of linezolid-susceptible staphylococci, enterococci, and streptococci at concentrations of < or =4 microg/ml, generally exhibiting two- to fourfold-greater potency than that of linezolid. time-kill studies demonstrated bacteriostatic effects for both rwj-416457 and linezolid. | 2007 | 17101672 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity of the pyrrolopyrazolyl-substituted oxazolidinone rwj-416457. | rwj-416457, an investigational pyrrolopyrazolyl-substituted oxazolidinone, inhibited the growth of linezolid-susceptible staphylococci, enterococci, and streptococci at concentrations of < or =4 microg/ml, generally exhibiting two- to fourfold-greater potency than that of linezolid. time-kill studies demonstrated bacteriostatic effects for both rwj-416457 and linezolid. | 2007 | 17101672 |
| detection of coccidioides species in clinical specimens by real-time pcr. | coccidioides spp. are dimorphic fungal pathogens endemic to the semiarid regions of north, central, and south america. currently, direct smear and culture are the most common means of identifying coccidioides spp. while these methods offer relatively sensitive and specific means of detecting coccidioides spp., growth in culture may take up to 3 weeks, potentially delaying the diagnosis and initiation of appropriate antifungal therapy. in addition, growth of the organism represents a significant ... | 2006 | 17108077 |
| detection of coccidioides species in clinical specimens by real-time pcr. | coccidioides spp. are dimorphic fungal pathogens endemic to the semiarid regions of north, central, and south america. currently, direct smear and culture are the most common means of identifying coccidioides spp. while these methods offer relatively sensitive and specific means of detecting coccidioides spp., growth in culture may take up to 3 weeks, potentially delaying the diagnosis and initiation of appropriate antifungal therapy. in addition, growth of the organism represents a significant ... | 2006 | 17108077 |
| study of nasopharyngeal bacterial flora. second report. variations in nasopharyngeal bacterial flora in children aged 6 years or younger when administered antimicrobial agents. part 2. | this report focuses on changes in the nasopharyngeal bacterial flora before and after administration of antimicrobial agents in 172 cases of acute upper respiratory infection in patients aged 6 years or younger. the antimicrobial agents administered were amoxicillin (ampc) (34%), clavulanic acid/amoxicillin compound (11%), cefditren pivoxil (cdtr-pi) (43%), and others (12%). changes in nasopharyngeal bacterial flora were investigated with reexaminations conducted after 2-5 days (day 2-5 subgroup ... | 2006 | 17109095 |
| tigecycline: a new glycylcycline antimicrobial. | tigecycline is a new glycyclcycline antimicrobial recently approved for use in the usa, europe and elsewhere. while related to the tetracyclines, tigecycline overcomes many of the mechanisms responsible for resistance to this class. it demonstrates favourable in vitro potency against a variety of aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens, including those frequently demonstrating resistance to multiple classes of antimicrobials. this includes methicillin-resistant staphyloco ... | 2006 | 17109673 |
| a member of the cathelicidin family of antimicrobial peptides is produced in the upper airway of the chinchilla and its mrna expression is altered by common viral and bacterial co-pathogens of otitis media. | cationic antimicrobial peptides (amps), a component of the innate immune system, play a major role in defense of mucosal surfaces against a wide spectrum of microorganisms such as viral and bacterial co-pathogens of the polymicrobial disease otitis media (om). to further understand the role of amps in om, we cloned a cdna encoding a cathelicidin homolog (ccramp) from upper respiratory tract (urt) mucosae of the chinchilla, the predominant host used to model experimental om. recombinant ccramp ex ... | 2007 | 17113647 |
| a member of the cathelicidin family of antimicrobial peptides is produced in the upper airway of the chinchilla and its mrna expression is altered by common viral and bacterial co-pathogens of otitis media. | cationic antimicrobial peptides (amps), a component of the innate immune system, play a major role in defense of mucosal surfaces against a wide spectrum of microorganisms such as viral and bacterial co-pathogens of the polymicrobial disease otitis media (om). to further understand the role of amps in om, we cloned a cdna encoding a cathelicidin homolog (ccramp) from upper respiratory tract (urt) mucosae of the chinchilla, the predominant host used to model experimental om. recombinant ccramp ex ... | 2007 | 17113647 |
| tdea, a tolc-like protein required for toxin and drug export in aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an oral bacterium that causes localized aggressive periodontitis (lap) and extra-oral infections such as sub-acute infective endocarditis. as part of its array of virulence factors, a. actinomycetemcomitans produces leukotoxin (ltxa), a member of the rtx family of toxins. ltxa kills human leukocytes and we have recently shown that the toxin is required for beta-hemolysis by a. actinomycetemcomitans on solid medium. in other rtx toxin-producing bacteria, a ... | 2007 | 17116373 |
| tdea, a tolc-like protein required for toxin and drug export in aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is an oral bacterium that causes localized aggressive periodontitis (lap) and extra-oral infections such as sub-acute infective endocarditis. as part of its array of virulence factors, a. actinomycetemcomitans produces leukotoxin (ltxa), a member of the rtx family of toxins. ltxa kills human leukocytes and we have recently shown that the toxin is required for beta-hemolysis by a. actinomycetemcomitans on solid medium. in other rtx toxin-producing bacteria, a ... | 2007 | 17116373 |
| an open-label, double tympanocentesis study of levofloxacin therapy in children with, or at high risk for, recurrent or persistent acute otitis media. | levofloxacin has excellent activity against common respiratory pathogens and therefore is likely to be effective in treating children with persistent or recurrent otitis media. | 2006 | 17133154 |
| the oxyr regulon in nontypeable haemophilus influenzae. | nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) is a gram-negative bacterium and a common commensal organism of the upper respiratory tract in humans. nthi causes a number of diseases, including otitis media, sinusitis, conjunctivitis, exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and bronchitis. during the course of colonization and infection, nthi must withstand oxidative stress generated by insult due to multiple reactive oxygen species produced endogenously by other copathogens and by ho ... | 2007 | 17142400 |
| the oxyr regulon in nontypeable haemophilus influenzae. | nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) is a gram-negative bacterium and a common commensal organism of the upper respiratory tract in humans. nthi causes a number of diseases, including otitis media, sinusitis, conjunctivitis, exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and bronchitis. during the course of colonization and infection, nthi must withstand oxidative stress generated by insult due to multiple reactive oxygen species produced endogenously by other copathogens and by ho ... | 2007 | 17142400 |
| the role of the synergistic phosphate anion in iron transport by the periplasmic iron-binding protein from haemophilus influenzae. | the acquisition of iron from transferrin by gram-negative bacterial pathogens is dependent on a periplasmic ferric-ion-binding protein, fbpa. fbpa shuttles iron from the outer membrane to an inner membrane transport complex. a bound phosphate anion completes the iron co-ordination shell of fbpa and kinetic studies demonstrate that the anion plays a critical role in iron binding and release in vitro. the present study was initiated to directly address the hypothesis that the synergistic anion is ... | 2007 | 17147516 |
| role of respiratory syncytial virus in acute otitis media: implications for vaccine development. | we summarize herein the results of various virologic studies of acute otitis media (aom) conducted at our site over a 10-year period. among 566 children with aom, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was the most common virus identified in either middle ear fluid or nasal wash; it was found in 16% of all children and 38% of virus-positive children. seventy-one percent of the children with rsv were 1 year of age or older, which was significantly older than all other viruses combined (p=0.045). rsv i ... | 2007 | 17156899 |
| role of respiratory syncytial virus in acute otitis media: implications for vaccine development. | we summarize herein the results of various virologic studies of acute otitis media (aom) conducted at our site over a 10-year period. among 566 children with aom, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was the most common virus identified in either middle ear fluid or nasal wash; it was found in 16% of all children and 38% of virus-positive children. seventy-one percent of the children with rsv were 1 year of age or older, which was significantly older than all other viruses combined (p=0.045). rsv i ... | 2007 | 17156899 |
| identification of a moraxella catarrhalis gene that confers adherence to various human epithelial cell lines in vitro. | moraxella catarrhalis is a pathogen of the human airways. we found that expression of the m. catarrhalis gene mcma by escherichia coli increases adherence to epithelial cells 100-fold. furthermore, we discovered that disrupting mcma decreases m. catarrhalis adherence to laryngeal and lung cells, which are relevant to pathogenesis by the bacterium. | 2007 | 17166229 |
| new consensus guidelines from the clinical and laboratory standards institute for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of infrequently isolated or fastidious bacteria. | the clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi) recently published a new laboratory guideline for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of infrequently encountered or fastidious bacteria not covered in previous clsi publications. the organisms include aeromonas species, bacillus species, and vibrio species that may cause infections following environmental exposure. fastidious organisms that may cause endocarditis or medical device infections include abiotrophia and granulicatella species; ... | 2007 | 17173232 |
| sulfatide and its synthetic analogues recognition by moraxella catarrhalis. | moraxella catarrhalis is one of the major pathogens of respiratory and middle ear infections. attachment of this bacterium to the surface of human pharyngeal epithelial cells is the first step in the pathogenesis of infections. this study revealed that sulfatide might act as a binding molecule for the attachment of m. catarrhalis to human pharyngeal epithelial cells. furthermore, six different synthetic sulfatides were found to inhibit the attachment of m. catarrhalis significantly at an optimum ... | 2006 | 17179664 |
| [susceptibilities of bacteria isolated from patients with lower respiratory infectious diseases to antibiotics (2004)]. | from october 2004 to september 2005, we collected the specimen from 319 patients with lower respiratory tract infections in 12 institutions in japan, and investigated the susceptibilities of isolated bacteria to various antibacterial agents and patients' characteristics. of 383 strains that were isolated from specimen (mainly from sputum) and assumed to be bacteria causing in inflammation, 381 strains were examined. the breakdown of the isolated bacteria were: staphylococcus aureus 87, streptoco ... | 2006 | 17180803 |
| comparison of cepheid's analyte-specific reagents with bd directigen for detection of respiratory syncytial virus. | for detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the bd directigen rsv rapid antigen assay was compared to cepheid's real-time reverse transcriptase pcr rsv analyte-specific reagents. the directigen rsv assay resulted in a 23% false-negative rate, using pcr and chart review as the gold standard, indicating that rapid rsv pcr results would be advantageous. | 2007 | 17182755 |
| comparison of cepheid's analyte-specific reagents with bd directigen for detection of respiratory syncytial virus. | for detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the bd directigen rsv rapid antigen assay was compared to cepheid's real-time reverse transcriptase pcr rsv analyte-specific reagents. the directigen rsv assay resulted in a 23% false-negative rate, using pcr and chart review as the gold standard, indicating that rapid rsv pcr results would be advantageous. | 2007 | 17182755 |
| high-throughput amplification fragment length polymorphism (htaflp) analysis identifies genetic lineage markers but not complement phenotype-specific markers in moraxella catarrhalis. | comparative high-throughput amplified fragment length polymorphism (htaflp) analysis was performed on a set of 25 complement-resistant and 23 complement-sensitive isolates of moraxella catarrhalis in order to determine whether there were complement phenotype-specific markers within this species. the htaflp analysis used 21 primer-pair combinations, generating 41 364 individual fragments and 2273 fragment length polymorphisms, with an average of 862 polymorphisms per isolate. analysis of polymorp ... | 2007 | 17184288 |
| efficacy and safety of 3-day azithromycin versus 5-day moxifloxacin for the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | antibiotic therapy is of clinical benefit in certain patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (aecb). in this randomised, investigator-blinded, multicentre trial, azithromycin (500mg once a day (qd) for 3 days) was compared with moxifloxacin (400mg qd for 5 days) for the treatment of outpatients with aecb (forced expiratory volume in 1s (fev(1)) >35%). of 342 patients randomised to either treatment, 169 received azithromycin and 173 received moxifloxacin. the mean age in the azith ... | 2007 | 17189096 |
| pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling of in vitro activity of azithromycin against four different bacterial strains. | the bacterial time-kill curves of azithromycin against four bacterial strains (streptococcus pneumoniae/penicillin-intermediate, s. pneumoniae/penicillin-sensitive, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis) were determined by in vitro infection models. eighteen different pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models were fitted to the time-kill data using non-linear regression and compared for best fit. a simple, widely used e(max) model was not sufficient to describe the pharmacodynamic effect ... | 2007 | 17194570 |
| evaluation of the merlin micronaut system for rapid direct susceptibility testing of gram-positive cocci and gram-negative bacilli from positive blood cultures. | bloodstream infections are life-threatening conditions which require the timely initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. we evaluated the automated merlin micronaut system for rapid direct microtiter broth antimicrobial susceptibility testing (ast) of gram-positive cocci and gram-negative bacilli from bactec 9240 bottles with positive blood cultures in comparison to the standard method for the merlin micronaut system. this prospective study was conducted under routine working conditions ... | 2007 | 17202283 |
| pandemic flu: clinical management of patients with an influenza-like illness during an influenza pandemic. provisional guidelines from the british infection society, british thoracic society, and health protection agency in collaboration with the department of health. | 2007 | 17202446 | |
| nasopharyngeal carriage of respiratory pathogens in children undergoing pressure equalization tube placement in the era of pneumococcal protein conjugate vaccine use. | to define carriage of bacterial respiratory pathogens in children undergoing pressure equalization tube placement. | 2007 | 17202908 |
| bactericidal monoclonal antibody against moraxella catarrhalis lipooligosaccharide cross-reacts with haemophilus spp. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against lipooligosaccharide (los) determinants after immunization of balb/c mice with heat inactivated moraxella catarrhalis serotype a were generated. mab 219a9 was specific for a common epitope of a, b, and c m. catarrhalis serotypes in elisa and immunofluorescent test (ift). in both tests it also cross-reacted with whole bacteria and lps antigens isolated from non-typeable h. influenzae and h. parainfluenzae strains. igm antibody clone 219a9 possessed a strong bac ... | 2007 | 17211546 |
| a uspa2h-negative variant of moraxella catarrhalis strain o46e has a deletion in a homopolymeric nucleotide repeat common to uspa2h genes. | moraxella catarrhalis strains can express either a uspa2 protein or a uspa2h protein. the latter protein is encoded by a gene that possesses a homopolymeric nucleotide tract containing eight adenine (a) residues [i.e., a poly(a) tract] which is located near the 5' end. a spontaneous uspa2h-negative variant of m. catarrhalis strain o46e, designated o46e.u2v, was found to have a uspa2h poly(a) tract that contained seven a residues. northern blot analysis of total rna from the o46e parent strain re ... | 2007 | 17220316 |
| in vitro activity of api-1252, a novel fabi inhibitor, against clinical isolates of staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis. | 2007 | 17220418 | |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens. | the activities of several tricyclic heteroaryl isothiazolones (hitzs) against an assortment of gram-positive and gram-negative clinical isolates were assessed. these compounds target bacterial dna replication and were found to possess broad-spectrum activities especially against gram-positive strains, including antibiotic-resistant staphylococci and streptococci. these included methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), vancomycin-nonsusceptible staphylococci, and quinolone-resistant st ... | 2007 | 17242152 |
| european academy of paediatrics, barcelona, spain, october 7-10, 2006. abstracts. | 2006 | 17242961 | |
| [in vitro study to evaluate the antibacterial activity of a combination of the haulm of nasturtium (tropaeoli majoris herba) and of the roots of horseradish (armoraciae rusticanae radix)]. | to evaluate the in-vitro antimicrobial properties of a commercialized preparation (angocin anti-infekt n) containing a combination of the haulm of nasturtium (tropaeoli majoris herba; n) and of the roots of horseradish (armoraciae rusticanae radix; h). this preparation can be used to treat upper respiratory tract (urti) and urinary tract infections (uti). the active ingredients are volatile mustard oils, which are activated in the gastrointestinal tract after oral intake. previous research has s ... | 2006 | 17260672 |
| study entry microbiology in patients with acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis in a clinical trial stratifying by disease severity. | to examine study entry microbiology in patients stratified by disease severity in a clinical trial in acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (abecb). | 2007 | 17261234 |
| in vitro and in vivo activities of pd 0305970 and pd 0326448, new bacterial gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors with potent antibacterial activities versus multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups. | pd 0305970 and pd 0326448 are new bacterial gyrase and topoisomerase inhibitors (quinazoline-2,4-diones) that possess outstanding in vitro and in vivo activities against a wide spectrum of bacterial species including quinolone- and multidrug-resistant gram-positive and fastidious organism groups. the respective mics (microg/ml) for pd 0305970 capable of inhibiting>or=90% of bacterial strains tested ranged from 0.125 to 0.5 versus staphylococci, 0.03 to 0.06 versus streptococci, 0.25 to 2 versus ... | 2007 | 17261623 |
| frequency of recovery of pathogens from the nasopharynx of children with acute maxillary sinusitis before and after the introduction of vaccination with the 7-valent pneumococcal vaccine. | to compare the proportion of recovery of pathogens in the nasopharynx of children with acute maxillary sinusitis in the 5 years period before to the 5 years period following the introduction of vaccination with the 7-valent pneumococcal vaccine (pcv7). | 2007 | 17267051 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of common pathogens from community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections in estonia. | antimicrobial resistance among clinical isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 49), haemophilus influenzae (n = 66) and moraxella catarrhalis (n = 25) from adults with community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections (calrti) was assessed in a national surveillance study in southern estonia during 2000-2003. in s. pneumoniae, no penicillin resistance and only 2.0% resistance to clarithromycin was present, although intermediate resistance to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (tmp-smx) reache ... | 2006 | 17267337 |
| survival of fastidious and nonfastidious aerobic bacteria in three bacterial transport swab systems. | in the present study, we followed the clsi procedure m40-a to evaluate three specimen transport systems [the new bd cultureswab maxv(+), the new remel bactiswab, and the medical wire & equipment transwab] for the survival of fastidious and nonfastidious organisms for 0, 6, 24, and 48 h at room temperature. bd cultureswab maxv(+) outperformed the other two swabs for the recovery of the three fastidious organisms, haemophilus influenzae, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and neisseria meningitidis for up to ... | 2007 | 17267627 |
| the bacteriology of pneumonia diagnosed in western australian emergency departments. | we used western australian emergency department data linked to hospital morbidity, death and microbiology data to describe the bacteriology of pneumonia according to age. the 'atypical' organisms and viruses were not assessed. a total of 6908 patients over a 3-year period were given an emergency department diagnosis of pneumonia, 76.9% were admitted and 6.3% died in hospital. blood was cultured from 52.9% of patients with 6.4% growing potential pathogens. streptococcus pneumoniae was the most co ... | 2007 | 17274861 |
| treating acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and community-acquired pneumonia: how effective are respiratory fluoroquinolones? | to provide family physicians with a review of evidence supporting fluoroquinolone therapy for defined patient populations with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (aecb) and community-acquired pneumonia (cap). | 2006 | 17279183 |
| review of the spectrum and potency of orally administered cephalosporins and amoxicillin/clavulanate. | the antimicrobial spectrum and in vitro potency of the most frequently prescribed orally administered cephalosporins (cefaclor, cefdinir, cefpodoxime, cefprozil, cefuroxime axetil, cephalexin) and amoxicillin/clavulanate are reviewed. these beta-lactam agents have been widely used in the outpatient arena for the treatment of community-acquired respiratory tract and other mild-to-moderate infections. the data presented here were obtained from critical review articles on each of these compounds. c ... | 2007 | 17292577 |
| bacterial infection and risk factors in outpatients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a 2-year prospective study. | acute exacerbations of copd (aecopd) are commonly observed in community-based patients worldwide. the factors causing exacerbation are largely unknown. this study was undertaken to determine the predominant bacterial pathogens cultured from sputum in community-based patients with aecopd, to assess the risk factors associated with exacerbations and to compare these findings with published studies. | 2007 | 17298464 |
| naso- and oropharyngeal potential respiratory pathogens in adults with nonpneumonic lower respiratory tract infection. | the objective of this prospective study was to determine positive isolation rates for potential respiratory pathogens (prps) in the naso- and oropharynx of adults hospitalized for nonpneumonic lower respiratory tract infection (nplrti), compared with patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) and healthy controls. the study population was 315 non-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease adults hospitalized with febrile lower respiratory tract infection (158 nplrti and 157 cap) and 450 control ... | 2007 | 17300907 |
| sinusitis and its management. | 2007 | 17303885 | |
| novel tetracycline resistance determinant isolated from an environmental strain of serratia marcescens. | resistances to tetracycline and mercury were identified in an environmental strain of serratia marcescens isolated from a stream highly contaminated with heavy metals. as a step toward addressing the mechanisms of coselection of heavy metal and antibiotic resistances, the tetracycline resistance determinant was cloned in escherichia coli. within the cloned 13-kb segment, the tetracycline resistance locus was localized by deletion analysis and transposon mutagenesis. dna sequence analysis of an 8 ... | 2007 | 17308196 |
| effect of smoking cessation on the microbial flora. | to determine the effect of smoking cessation on the frequency of recovery of potential pathogens and aerobic and anaerobic interfering bacteria in the nasopharynges of smokers. | 2007 | 17309981 |
| colonization and turnover of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis in otitis-prone children. | recurrent otitis media are frequently intractable during childhood. it is unclear whether recurrent otitis media is caused by etiological bacteria colonization or by new infections. streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis were isolated from the nasopharynx of 7 otitisprone and 2 non-prone children with recurrent otitis media. plural bacterial species and strains were found in all children while affected by otitis media. the same strain was repeatedly isolated f ... | 2007 | 17310090 |
| high-affinity binding by the periplasmic iron-binding protein from haemophilus influenzae is required for acquiring iron from transferrin. | the periplasmic iron-binding protein, fbpa (ferric-ion-binding protein a), performs an essential role in iron acquisition from transferrin in haemophilus influenzae. a series of site-directed mutants in the metal-binding amino acids of fbpa were prepared to determine their relative contribution to iron binding and transport. structural studies demonstrated that the mutant proteins crystallized in an open conformation with the iron atom associated with the c-terminal domain. the iron-binding prop ... | 2007 | 17313366 |
| biofilms formed by nontypeable haemophilus influenzae in vivo contain both double-stranded dna and type iv pilin protein. | nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) strains are members of the normal human nasopharyngeal flora, as well as frequent opportunistic pathogens of both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. recently, it has been shown that nthi can form biofilms both in vitro and in vivo. nthi strains within in vitro-formed biofilms differentially express both epitopes of lipooligosaccharide (los) and the outer membrane proteins p2, p5, and p6, whereas those generated either in a 96-well plate assay in vit ... | 2007 | 17322318 |
| diversity of swine bordetella bronchiseptica isolates evaluated by rapd analysis and pfge. | the degree of genetic diversity in 45 bordetella (b.) bronchiseptica strains comprised of a vaccine strain (n = 1), reference strains (n = 3) and field isolates (n = 41) was evaluated using random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) fingerprinting and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). three candidate primers were selected for rapd analysis after screening 20 random decamer oligonucleotides for their discriminatory abilities. the opa-07, opa-08 and opa-18 primers yielded 10, 10, and 6 distinc ... | 2007 | 17322776 |
| [in-vitro susceptibilites to levofloxacin and various antibacterial agents of 18,639 clinical isolates obtained from 77 centers in 2004]. | a total of 18,639 clinical isolates in 19 species collected from 77 centers during 2004 in japan were tested for their susceptibility to fluoroquinolones (fqs) and other selected antibiotics. the common respiratory pathogens, streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis and haemophilus influenzae showed a high susceptible rate against fqs. the isolation rate of beta lactamase non-producing ampicillin-resistant h. influenzae was approximately three times as large as tho ... | 2006 | 17334061 |
| diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of clinical and laboratory parameters in community-acquired pneumonia. | community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is the most frequent infection-related cause of death. the reference standard to diagnose cap is a new infiltrate on chest radiograph in the presence of recently acquired respiratory signs and symptoms. this study aims to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of clinical signs and symptoms and laboratory biomarkers for cap. | 2007 | 17335562 |
| [nosopharyngeal microflora in ambulatory treated children and adults with upper respiratory tract infections]. | upper respiratory tract consists resident and transient bacterial microflora, which in appropriate condition can cause infection. bacteriological study was performed among 201 patients with upper respiratory tract infections treated in ambulatory. from nasal and pharyngeal swabs staphylococcus aureus, haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis, and streptococci group a, b, c, g were isolated. antibiotic susceptibility testing of isolated strains was performed using c ... | 2006 | 17340999 |
| role of oral extended-spectrum cephems in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. | risk stratification is the recommended approach for treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (aecb) to optimize the chances of clinical success. the suggested oral therapy for "simple or uncomplicated" aecb, which is predominantly a result of infection due to haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, and streptococcus pneumoniae, includes advanced macrolides and 2nd- or 3rd-generation cephalosporins, in addition to the older 1st-line agents (aminopenicillins, doxycycline, trime ... | 2007 | 17349461 |
| treatment of acute otitis media with probiotics in otitis-prone children-a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised study. | to examine whether probiotics would reduce the occurrence or duration of acute otitis media (aom), or the nasopharyngeal carriage of otitis pathogens in otitis-prone children. | 2007 | 17353072 |
| transcriptional profiling of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae under iron-restricted conditions. | to better understand effects of iron restriction on actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and to identify new potential vaccine targets, we conducted transcript profiling studies using a dna microarray containing all 2025 orfs of the genome of a. pleuropneumoniae serotype 5b strain l20. this is the first study involving the use of microarray technology to monitor the transcriptome of a. pleuropneumoniae grown under iron restriction. | 2007 | 17355629 |
| resistance patterns of selected respiratory tract pathogens in poland. | this study presents the results of a survey of the in-vitro susceptibility to antimicrobial agents of major pathogens responsible for community-acquired respiratory tract infections in poland during 2002-2004. the collection of 1184 bacterial isolates comprised 398 streptococcus pneumoniae, 344 haemophilus influenzae, 302 streptococcus pyogenes and 140 moraxella catarrhalis. among the pneumococcal isolates, 16.8% were penicillin-non-susceptible (pnsp), of which 80.6% were identified as multidrug ... | 2007 | 17359321 |
| effector t lymphocytes in well-nourished and malnourished infected children. | the mechanisms involved in impaired immunity in malnourished children are not well understood. cd4(+) cd62l(-) and cd8(+) cd28(-) do not express the naive cell markers cd62l and cd28, suggesting that they function as effector t cells. using a flow cytometry-based analysis we examined the proportions of cd4(+) cd62l(-) and cd8(+) cd28(-) t cell subsets in well-nourished infected (wni) and malnourished infected (mni) children. here we report that wni children had a higher percentage of cd4(+) cd62 ... | 2007 | 17362263 |
| burkholderia hep_hag autotransporter (buha) proteins elicit a strong antibody response during experimental glanders but not human melioidosis. | the bacterial biothreat agents burkholderia mallei and burkholderia pseudomallei are the cause of glanders and melioidosis, respectively. genomic and epidemiological studies have shown that b. mallei is a recently emerged, host restricted clone of b. pseudomallei. | 2007 | 17362501 |
| use of plasma c-reactive protein, procalcitonin, neutrophils, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor, and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in combination to diagnose infections: a prospective study. | accurate and timely diagnosis of community-acquired bacterial infections in patients with systemic inflammation remains challenging both for clinician and laboratory. combinations of markers, as opposed to single ones, may improve diagnosis and thereby survival. we therefore compared the diagnostic characteristics of novel and routinely used biomarkers of sepsis alone and in combination. | 2007 | 17362525 |
| what is new in otitis media? | the "wait and see" approach in acute otitis media (aom), consisting of postponing the antibiotic administration for a few days, has been advocated mainly to counteract the increased bacterial resistance in respiratory infections. this approach is not justified in children less than 2 years of age and this for several reasons. first, aom is an acute inflammation of the middle ear caused in about 70% of cases by bacteria. redness and bulging of the tympanic membrane are characteristic findings in ... | 2007 | 17364173 |
| biological and immunological characteristics of lipooligosaccharide-based conjugate vaccines for serotype c moraxella catarrhalis. | moraxella catarrhalis is an important bacterial cause of otitis media in children and respiratory tract infections in the elderly. lipooligosaccharide (los), a major surface antigen of this bacterium, is a potential vaccine component against the organism. there are three major los serotypes (serotypes a, b, and c) in clinical isolates of m. catarrhalis. our previous studies demonstrated that serotype a and b los-based conjugates were immunogenic in animals and elicited bactericidal antibodies. i ... | 2007 | 17371852 |
| moraxella catarrhalis strain o35e expresses two filamentous hemagglutinin-like proteins that mediate adherence to human epithelial cells. | two-partner secretion (tps) systems are a family of proteins being rapidly identified and characterized in a growing number of gram-negative bacteria. tps systems mediate the secretion of proteins, many involved in virulence traits such as hemolysis, adherence to epithelial cells, inhibition of bacterial growth, and immunomodulation of the host. a tps system typically consists of a transporter located in the bacterial outer membrane (om) which is responsible for the recognition and secretion of ... | 2007 | 17371858 |
| antibacterial activity of carbapenems against clinically isolated respiratory bacterial pathogens in japan between 2005 and 2006. | the current status of the susceptibility of the main respiratory bacterial pathogens was evaluated by analysing the antibacterial activity of 21 drugs, including four carbapenems, against five species of the pathogens isolated between january 2005 and january 2006. a total of 157 strains were studied. carbapenems inhibited the growth of all of the tested strains of moraxella catarrhalis, streptococcus pneumoniae and methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus strains at concentrations that wer ... | 2007 | 17387003 |
| activity of faropenem against middle ear fluid pathogens from children with acute otitis media in costa rica and israel. | faropenem was tested against 1,188 middle ear fluid pathogens from children in israel and costa rica. against streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae, faropenem was the most active beta-lactam, with activity that was similar to or greater than of the other oral antimicrobial classes studied. faropenem was also active against moraxella catarrhalis and streptococcus pyogenes. | 2007 | 17387157 |
| towards understanding the functional role of the glycosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of moraxella catarrhalis lipooligosaccharide. | the glycosyltransferase enzymes (lgts) responsible for the biosynthesis of the lipooligosaccharide-derived oligosaccharide structures from moraxella catarrhalis have been investigated. this upper respiratory tract pathogen is responsible for a spectrum of illnesses, including otitis media (middle ear infection) in children, and contributes to exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in elderly patients. to investigate the function of the glycosyltransferase enzymes involved in the ... | 2007 | 17388814 |
| the moraxella catarrhalis outer membrane protein cd contains two distinct domains specifying adherence to human lung cells. | most moraxella catarrhalis isolates express a highly-conserved outer membrane protein of 453 residues designated ompcd, which has been previously shown to mediate binding to a549 human lung cells. here, it is reported that two distinct domains of the m. catarrhalis strain o35e ompcd protein specify adherence. truncated proteins were expressed in escherichia coli to demonstrate that ompcd residues 1-240 as well as 241-400 are important for attachment to a549 cells, and database searches indicated ... | 2007 | 17391370 |
| a detailed analysis of 16s ribosomal rna gene segments for the diagnosis of pathogenic bacteria. | bacterial 16s ribosomal rna (rrna) genes contain nine "hypervariable regions" (v1-v9) that demonstrate considerable sequence diversity among different bacteria. species-specific sequences within a given hypervariable region constitute useful targets for diagnostic assays and other scientific investigations. no single region can differentiate among all bacteria; therefore, systematic studies that compare the relative advantage of each region for specific diagnostic goals are needed. we characteri ... | 2007 | 17391789 |
| moraxella catarrhalis outer membrane protein cd elicits antibodies that inhibit cd binding to human mucin and enhance pulmonary clearance of m. catarrhalis in a mouse model. | the outer membrane protein cd of moraxella catarrhalis is considered to be a potential vaccine antigen against moraxella infection. we purified the native cd from isolate o35e, administered it to mice, and detected considerable titers of anti-cd antibodies. anti-cd sera were cross-reactive towards six different m. catarrhalis isolates and promoted bacterial clearance of o35e in a pulmonary challenge model. to circumvent the difficulty of generating large quantities of cd from m. catarrhalis for ... | 2007 | 17403868 |
| characteristics of beta-lactamases and their genes (blaa and blab) in yersinia intermedia and y. frederiksenii. | the presence of beta-lactamases in y. enterocolitica has been reported to vary with serovars, biovars and geographical origin of the isolates. an understanding of the beta-lactamases in other related species is important for an overall perception of antibiotic resistance in yersiniae. the objective of this work was to study the characteristics of beta-lactamases and their genes in strains of y. intermedia and y. frederiksenii, isolated from clinical and non-clinical sources in india. | 2007 | 17407578 |
| activity of garenoxacin, an investigational des-f(6)-quinolone, tested against pathogens from community-acquired respiratory tract infections, including those with elevated or resistant-level fluoroquinolone mic values. | garenoxacin, a novel des-f(6)-quinolone, was tested against 40423 pathogenic isolates associated with community-acquired respiratory tract infections (ca-rtis). the strains included streptococcus pneumoniae (18887), haemophilus influenzae (15555), and moraxella catarrhalis (5981), each isolated from a significant infection monitored by the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program (1999-2005; north america, latin america, and europe). all tests were performed by reference broth microdilution met ... | 2007 | 17408903 |
| nosocomial outbreak of corynebacterium striatum infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | we describe an unusual cluster of corynebacterium striatum infections in 21 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) admitted to a medium-size respiratory unit. eleven isolates from eight patients occurred simultaneously within a month. c. striatum is a potentially pathogenic microorganism with the ability to produce nosocomial infectious outbreaks and respiratory colonization in patients with advanced copd. | 2007 | 17409213 |
| in vitro activities of cg400549, a novel fabi inhibitor, against recently isolated clinical staphylococcal strains in korea. | the in vitro activities of cg400549, a novel fabi inhibitor, were compared to those of linezolid and commonly used antimicrobials against recent bacterial isolates. cg400549 had an mic(90) of 0.5 microg/ml for staphylococcus aureus strains and was more potent than either linezolid or vancomycin. | 2007 | 17420210 |
| identification of a novel two-partner secretion locus in moraxella catarrhalis. | although moraxella catarrhalis continues to be a significant cause of disease in both children and adults, the steps involved in pathogenesis remain poorly understood. we have identified three open reading frames in the m. catarrhalis genome that encode homologues of the two-partner secretion system (tps). the sequenced m. catarrhalis hemagglutinin-like locus of strain 7169 has a unique gene organization composed in the order of mcha1, mchb, and mcha2, where mcha1 is divergent. mcha1 and mcha2 a ... | 2007 | 17420235 |
| [susceptibility of clinical isolates from primary care clinics to oral antibacterial agents]. | the antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates from specimens of patients in primary care clinics in 2005 was investigated by determining the minimum inhibitory concentrations of oral antibacterial agents. the numbers of test strains were 550 for gram-positive aerobes, 700 for gram-negative aerobes, and 150 for anaerobes. cefcapene (cfpn), cefditoren (cdtr), and cefteram (cftm) showed the most potent activities against staphylococcus spp. and streptococcus spp. among the cephems tested an ... | 2007 | 17436860 |
| identification of transferrin-binding domains in tbpb expressed by neisseria gonorrhoeae. | the transferrin iron acquisition system of neisseria gonorrhoeae is necessary for iron uptake from transferrin in the human host and requires the participation of two distinct proteins: tbpa and tbpb. tbpa is a tonb-dependent outer membrane transporter responsible for the transport of iron into the cell. tbpb is a lipid-modified protein, for which a precise role in receptor function has not yet been elucidated. these receptor complex proteins show promise as vaccine candidates; therefore, it is ... | 2007 | 17438025 |
| time-kill and synergism studies of ceftobiprole against enterococcus faecalis, including beta-lactamase-producing and vancomycin-resistant isolates. | ceftobiprole (bal9141) is an investigational cephalosporin with broad in vitro activity against gram-positive cocci, including enterococci. ceftobiprole mics were determined for 93 isolates of enterococcus faecalis (including 16 beta-lactamase [bla] producers and 17 vancomycin-resistant isolates) by an agar dilution method following the clinical and laboratory standards institute recommendations. ceftobiprole mics were also determined with a high inoculum concentration (10(7) cfu/ml) for a subse ... | 2007 | 17438057 |
| evaluation of real-time pcr for the detection and quantification of bacteria in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) embraces a number of pathological processes including chronic bronchitis, chronic bronchiolitis and emphysema. the chronic and progressive course of copd is often aggravated by short periods of increasing symptoms. respiratory tract infections (rtis) are the most common causes of copd exacerbations. detection and enumeration of respiratory bacteria are important techniques in diagnosing rtis and in the validation of new treatment methods. we describe ... | 2007 | 17439541 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial evaluation of drf 8417, a new oxazolidinone. | drf 8417, a novel oxazolidinone, has been evaluated against gram-positive and fastidious gram-negative bacteria. in vitro activity of drf 8417 was determined by broth microdilution method and in vivo efficacy studies were carried out in different murine systemic infection models. | 2007 | 17449889 |
| the uspa1 protein of moraxella catarrhalis induces ceacam-1-dependent apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells. | moraxella catarrhalis is a major cause of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and emphysema. m. catarrhalis-specific uspa1 and the epithelial carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule (ceacam1) were required to induce apoptosis. m. catarrhalis-induced apoptosis was significantly enhanced in hela cells stably transfected with ceacam1, compared with hela cells not expressing ceacam1. infected cells showed increased activity of caspases 3, 6, and 9 but not of ... | 2007 | 17471435 |
| haemophilus influenzae survival during complement-mediated attacks is promoted by moraxella catarrhalis outer membrane vesicles. | moraxella catarrhalis causes respiratory tract infections in children and in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. it is often isolated as a copathogen with haemophilus influenzae. the underlying mechanism for this cohabitation is unclear. here, in clinical specimens from a patient with m. catarrhalis infection, we document that outer membrane vesicles (omvs) carrying ubiquitous surface protein (usp) a1 and uspa2 (hereafter, uspa1/a2) were secreted. further analyses revealed that om ... | 2007 | 17471436 |
| nursing home-associated pneumonia, hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia: the contribution of dental biofilms and periodontal inflammation. | 2007 | 17474932 | |
| comparison of results of detection of rhinovirus by pcr and viral culture in human nasal wash specimens from subjects with and without clinical symptoms of respiratory illness. | human rhinoviruses (hrv) cause acute upper respiratory illness. the frequency of hrv-associated illnesses appears greater when pcr assays are used to detect rhinoviruses. the present study performed pcr-based detection of hrv upon entry of subjects into respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza type 3 vaccine trials when subjects were symptom-free and upon subsequent development of clinical symptoms of respiratory illness during the trial. the background of hrv pcr positivity in symptom-free ... | 2007 | 17475758 |
| airway bacterial concentrations and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | increased bacterial concentration (load) in the lower airways and new bacterial strain acquisition have been posited as mechanisms for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) exacerbations. bacterial concentrations are higher during exacerbation than during stable disease; however, these studies are cross sectional and devoid of strain typing. | 2007 | 17478618 |
| positively selected codons in immune-exposed loops of the vaccine candidate omp-p1 of haemophilus influenzae. | the high levels of variation in surface epitopes can be considered as an evolutionary hallmark of immune selection. new computational tools enable analysis of this variation by identifying codons that exhibit high rates of amino acid changes relative to the synonymous substitution rate. in the outer membrane protein p1 of haemophilus influenzae, a vaccine candidate for nontypeable strains, we identified four codons with this attribute in domains that did not correspond to known or assumed b- and ... | 2007 | 17479342 |
| use of population pharmacokinetic modeling and monte carlo simulation to describe the pharmacodynamic profile of cefditoren in plasma and epithelial lining fluid. | cefditoren is a broad-spectrum, oral cephalosporin that is highly active against clinically relevant respiratory tract pathogens, including multidrug-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae. this study described its pharmacodynamic profile in plasma and epithelial lining fluid (elf). plasma and elf pharmacokinetic data were obtained from 24 patients under fasting conditions. cefditoren and urea concentrations were determined in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by liquid chromatography-tandem m ... | 2008 | 17485507 |
| use of population pharmacokinetic modeling and monte carlo simulation to describe the pharmacodynamic profile of cefditoren in plasma and epithelial lining fluid. | cefditoren is a broad-spectrum, oral cephalosporin that is highly active against clinically relevant respiratory tract pathogens, including multidrug-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae. this study described its pharmacodynamic profile in plasma and epithelial lining fluid (elf). plasma and elf pharmacokinetic data were obtained from 24 patients under fasting conditions. cefditoren and urea concentrations were determined in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by liquid chromatography-tandem m ... | 2008 | 17485507 |
| comparative in vitro antimicrobial activity of tigecycline, a new glycylcycline compound, in freshly prepared medium and quality control. | the in vitro spectra of activity of tigecycline and tetracycline were determined for 2,490 bacterial isolates representing 50 different species or phenotypic groups. all isolates were tested simultaneously by broth microdilution using freshly prepared mueller-hinton broth and by disk diffusion. portions of these data were submitted to the food and drug administration (fda) in support of the sponsor's application for new drug approval. in a separate study, mic and disk diffusion quality control r ... | 2007 | 17494717 |
| functional comparison of the two bacillus anthracis glutamate racemases. | glutamate racemase activity in bacillus anthracis is of significant interest with respect to chemotherapeutic drug design, because l-glutamate stereoisomerization to d-glutamate is predicted to be closely associated with peptidoglycan and capsule biosynthesis, which are important for growth and virulence, respectively. in contrast to most bacteria, which harbor a single glutamate racemase gene, the genomic sequence of b. anthracis predicts two genes encoding glutamate racemases, race1 and race2. ... | 2007 | 17496086 |
| the specific innate immune receptor ceacam3 triggers neutrophil bactericidal activities via a syk kinase-dependent pathway. | the human-restricted pathogens neisseria gonorrhoeae, neisseria meningitidis, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis colonize host tissues via carcinoembryonic antigen-related cellular adhesion molecules (ceacams). one such receptor, ceacam3, acts in a host-protective manner by orchestrating the capture and engulfment of invasive bacteria by human neutrophils. herein, we show that bacterial binding to ceacam3 causes recruitment of the cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase syk, resulting in the p ... | 2007 | 17506820 |
| physico-chemical characterisation and immunogenicity of a multi-valent candidate vaccine against non-typeable haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis. | the physico-chemical characteristics and immunogenicity of a candidate vaccine against otitis media, prepared from recombinant lipidated outer membrane proteins (rlp4 and rlp6) from non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) and of the ubiquitous cell surface protein uspa2 from moraxella catarrhalis, were evaluated. optical spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography and gel electrophoresis were used to characterise the purified protein components and assess their purity and molecular sizes. the ... | 2007 | 17507119 |
| real-time pcr for determining capsular serotypes of haemophilus influenzae. | a two-step real-time pcr assay targeting all six capsulation loci of haemophilus influenzae (i.e., serotypes a to f) was developed and compared with a previously published qualitative pcr assay by using 131 h. influenzae clinical isolates. there was a 98.5% concordance between the two tests. the sensitivity of detection of capsular type-specific reference strains of h. influenzae a to c (10(1) cfu/pcr) was higher than that for type e (10(3) cfu/pcr) and types d and f (10(4) cfu/pcr), and a broad ... | 2007 | 17507524 |