Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| the effect of cadmium in combination with zinc and selenium on ovarian structure in japanese quails. | in this study the effect of cadmium, cadmium+selenium and cadmium+zinc administration on the ovarian structure in japanese quails was studied. the morphometric analysis of the relative volume of primary follicles detected the highest value in control group with a similar value in the group with administration of cadmium with selenium. lower relative volume is reported in group with cadmium and zinc administration and the group with simple cadmium administration (p < 0.05). the relative volume of ... | 2007 | 17990164 |
| transition of hemoglobin between two tertiary conformations: the transition constant differs significantly for the major and minor hemoglobins of the japanese quail (cortunix cortunix japonica). | we demonstrate that 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoate) - dtnb - reacts with only cysf9[93]beta and cysb5[23]beta among the multiple sulfhydryl groups of the major and minor hemoglobins of the japanese quail (cortunix cortunix japonica). k(equ), the equilibrium constant for the reaction, does not differ very significantly between the two hemoglobins. it decreases 430-fold between ph approximately 5.6 and ph approximately 9: from a mean of 7+/-1 to a mean of 0.016+/-0.003. quantitative analyses of th ... | 2008 | 17991448 |
| pathologic changes in extrahepatic organs and agglutinin response to salmonella gallinarum infection in japanese quail fed fusarium verticillioides culture material containing known levels of fumonisin b1. | three hundred 1-day-old japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were divided into two groups of 150 each. one group was maintained on quail mash alone, whereas fusarium verticillioides culture material (fcm) was added to quail mash in the second group from 5 days of age and supplied 150 mg fb1/kg mash. at day 21, each group was further subdivided into two groups, yielding four groups with 75 birds apiece, which served as the control (group cx), the salmonella gallinarum alone group (group cs ... | 2007 | 17992930 |
| secretion of inhibin in female japanese quails (coturnix japonica) from hatch to sexual maturity. | to clarify the cellular source and secretory pattern of inhibin in the japanese quail during follicular development, the plasma concentrations of immunoreactive (ir) inhibin were measured from 1 to 7 weeks after hatching. localization of the inhibin/activin alpha, beta a and beta b subunits was investigated by immunohistochemistry. to monitor development of the pituitary and ovarian functions, the plasma luteinizing hormone (lh) and progesterone concentrations were also measured. ovarian weight ... | 2008 | 17998775 |
| neuroendocrine and behavioral effects of embryonic exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals in birds. | endocrine disrupting chemicals (edcs) exert hormone-like activity in vertebrates and exposure to these compounds may induce both short- and long-term deleterious effects including functional alterations that contribute to decreased reproduction and fitness. an overview of the effects of a number of edcs, including androgenic and estrogenic compounds, will be considered. many studies have been conducted in the precocial japanese quail, which provides an excellent avian model for testing these com ... | 2008 | 18006066 |
| consequences of in ovo exposure to p,p'-dde on reproductive development and function in japanese quail. | this study was conduced to assess the effects of a one time embryonic exposure to p,p'-dde (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene; dde) on the reproductive development and function in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). embryos were exposed at day one of incubation to either 20 or 40 microg dde or a sesame oil vehicle control (injection volume=20 microl). onset of puberty, gonadal histopathology, sperm motility, cloacal gland size, and male copulatory behavior were assessed in adults. dde accelerated ... | 2008 | 18021774 |
| cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization and conditioning in male japanese quail. | repeated intermittent cocaine treatment often results in behavioral sensitization or an augmented response to cocaine. cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization may be an important contributor to cocaine addiction and abuse. some studies have also shown that conditioned drug effects may play a role in behavioral sensitization. the current experiment utilized a simplified discrimination paradigm to investigate behavioral sensitization and the role of conditioning in an avian species. male japanese ... | 2008 | 18022219 |
| association of a single-nucleotide substitution in tyrp1 with roux in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | we investigated tyrp1 as a candidate locus for the recessive, sex-linked roux (br(r)) phenotype in japanese quail. a screen of the entire coding sequence of tyrp1 in roux and wild-type quail revealed a non-synonymous t-to-c substitution in exon 3, leading to a phe282ser mutation. this was perfectly associated with plumage phenotype: all roux birds were homozygous for ser282. co-segregation of the phe282ser mutation with the roux phenotype was confirmed in three br(r)/br+ x br(r)/- backcrosses. w ... | 2007 | 18028514 |
| development of biomarkers of endocrine disrupting activity in emerging amphibian model, silurana (xenopus) tropicalis. | because amphibians show peculiar ecological features and interesting responses to some hormones, it is conceivable that amphibians are very useful animals for assessing the toxic effects of environmental contaminants, including endocrine disrupters. to develop methods of detecting endocrine toxicity of environmental chemicals in amphibians, we have started to assemble a biomarker tool kit for an emerging amphibian model, silurana (xenopus) tropicalis. we isolated full-length cdnas encoding estro ... | 2007 | 18030284 |
| exclusion of polymeric immunoglobulins and selective immunoglobulin y transport that recognizes its fc region in avian ovarian follicles. | in avian species, blood immunoglobulin (ig) y, the equivalent to mammalian igg, is selectively incorporated into ovarian follicles, but other classes, iga and igm, are much less abundant in the follicles. several mammalian igs, including igg and iga, are also incorporated into ovarian follicles when administered to birds. to clarify the ig structure required for incorporation into ovarian follicles, ig uptakes were determined after the intravenous injection of chicken and human igs. three chicke ... | 2008 | 18031828 |
| effects of 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol on the suppression of adrenocortical function in immature male rats. | in previous studies, we found that 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol (4-nitro-m-cresol; pnmc) isolated from diesel exhaust particles, and also a degradation product of the insecticide fenitrothion, exhibited testicular toxicity in the male of both immature rat and adult japanese quail. it is well established that a functional relationship exists between the gonads and adrenals. the present study investigates the effect of pnmc on the adrenocortical functions of immature male rats. we subcutaneously injecte ... | 2007 | 18057729 |
| influence of hydrocolloidal silver nanoparticles on gastrointestinal microflora and morphology of enterocytes of quails. | the objective of the present study was to examine the effects of hydrocolloidal silver nanoparticles (ag-nano) on microbial profile of caecum and morphology of enterocytes in duodenum of japanese quail, as a model animal for poultry. quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) (10 d old) were randomly divided into four groups (15 quails each) and located into four cages for 12 days. quails were fed with granulated diets given ad libitum and had free access to drinking water. ag-nano were added to drinki ... | 2007 | 18069616 |
| effects of vitamin e, age and sex on performance of japanese quail. 1. haematological indices and liver function. | 1. a trial was conducted to examine the effects of dietary vitamin e content, age and sex on haematological indices and liver enzymes of japanese quails. a total of 800 1-d-old quail chicks were assigned at random into 4 equal groups and fed on starter and layer diets containing 0, 1, 5 or 10 times the nrc recommended supplements of vitamin e. no selenium was added to the basal deficient diets; the other diets were supplied with 0.2 mg selenium/kg diet. 2. the investigation covered the age span ... | 2007 | 18085449 |
| arterial vascularization of the uropygial glands (gl. uropygialis) in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and silver polish (gallus gallus domesticus). | this study focused on the morphological characteristics of the uropygial glands of the japanese quail and silver polish, particularly the arterial nourishment. with this respect, coloured-latex injected animals were dissected and their glands and related arteries were observed. the gland in the japanese quail was relatively longer than that in the silver polish. the first caudal segmental arteries in the japanese quail were specialized as the uropygial gland artery while the fourth caudal segmen ... | 2008 | 18162098 |
| enhanced neural activation in brain regions mediating sexual responses following exposure to a conditioned stimulus that predicts copulation. | stimuli associated with sexual behavior increase reproductive success if presented prior to copulation. in japanese quail, inseminations that take place in a context that predicts the arrival of a female are more likely to result in fertilized eggs. we demonstrate here that in male japanese quail a sexual conditioned stimulus (cs) also enhances activity in two brain regions that mediate sexual behavior, the medial preoptic area and the medial part of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. c-fo ... | 2008 | 18164139 |
| ultrastructure of pancreatic alpha and beta cells in young quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) fed aflatoxin. | the present investigation was undertaken to assess the effects of aflatoxin (af) containing diets on alpha and beta cells of the endocrine pancreas in young quails by means of light and electron microscopy. a total of thirty quails were divided into 3 groups, each comprising 10 animals. total af was incorporated into the diet of these groups, at dosages of 0 (control, group 1), 2.5 (group 2), and 5.0 (group 3) mg af/kg feed. the chicks were housed in electrically heated battery cages and exposed ... | 2007 | 18181361 |
| zinc in a combination with magnesium helps reducing negative effects of heat stress in quails. | the objective of this study was to investigate whether zinc (zn) along with magnesium (mg) is effective in alleviating the negative effects of heat stress in japanese quails. one hundred and twenty 10-day-old healthy japanese quails were randomly assigned to four treatment groups, three replicates of ten birds each. the birds were fed either a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with either 30 mg of zn/kg of diet, 600 mg of mg/kg of diet, or 30 mg of zn + 600 mg of mg/kg of diet. the birds ... | 2008 | 18188513 |
| preference of birds for zinc phosphide bait formulations. | zinc phosphide baits are used for controlling pest rodents but are also highly toxic to other vertebrates. the base for rodent baits containing zinc phosphide is usually wheat kernels which are highly attractive to birds. in this study, wheat-based pellets of different shapes and colours without zinc phosphide were tested for their attractiveness for pigeons (columba livia gmelin) and japanese quails (coturnix japonica temm. & schleg.) in aviaries and for pigeons and corvids (corvus monedula l., ... | 2008 | 18189327 |
| supplementation with organic or inorganic selenium in heat-distressed quail. | the present study was carried out to determine the effects of different sources of selenium (se; sodium selenite [na2seo3] or selenomethionine [se-met]) supplementation on egg production, egg quality, levels of malondialdehyde (mda), and se in serum and egg yolk in heat-stressed japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). the birds (n = 360; 55 days old) were randomly assigned to 12 treatment groups consisting of six replicates of five birds each in a 2 x 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatmen ... | 2008 | 18196210 |
| effect of rooibos tea (aspalathus linearis) on japanese quail growth, egg production and plasma metabolites. | 1. birds have been proposed as a suitable model for studies on ageing because of their long life in comparison with similar-sized mammals. however, some weak fliers, such as galliformes, are the exception to this rule. the aim of the present study was to determine the effects of the treatment with rooibos tea (aspalathus linearis), a natural source of flavonoid antioxidants and compounds with phyto-oestrogenic activity, on postnatal development and egg production of aged japanese quail (coturnix ... | 2008 | 18210290 |
| the effects of tomato powder supplementation on performance and lipid peroxidation in quail. | recent studies have suggested a protective role for lycopene, an antioxidant carotenoid, in the prevention of stress including environmental stress. tomatoes and tomato products are the major dietary source of lycopene. the objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary tomato powder supplementation on the performance and lipid peroxidation of meat in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to a high ambient temperature of 34 degrees c. a total of 180 ten-day ... | 2008 | 18212370 |
| origin of adenohypophysial lobes and cells from rathke's pouch in chicken (gallus gallus) and japanese quail (coturniz coturniz japonica). expression of calcium-binding proteins. | a histological and immunochemical study of adenohypophysis development in two bird species: chicken (gallus gallus) and japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) was carried out, focussing firstly morphologically on the origin of its different lobes, then secondly on the differentiation of hormone-producing cells from the adenohypophysial anlage and their involvement in the differentiation of three calcium-binding proteins. the results of the morphological development study show how the origin ... | 2008 | 18215203 |
| gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (gnih) receptor gene is expressed in the chicken ovary: potential role of gnih in follicular maturation. | gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (gnih), an rfamide peptide, has been found to inhibit pituitary lh secretion in avian and mammalian species. the gene encoding a putative receptor for gnih (gnihr) was recently identified in the chicken and japanese quail brain and pituitary gland. gnihr appears to be a seven-transmembrane protein belonging to a family of g-protein-coupled receptors. in the present study, we have characterized the expression of gnihr mrna in the chicken ovary and demonstrate that ... | 2008 | 18239054 |
| secretion of inhibin in male japanese quail (coturnix japonica) from one week of age to sexual maturity. | the objective of this study was to investigate the changes in secretion of inhibin and cellular localization of the inhibin alpha and inhibin/activin (beta(a) and beta(b)) subunits in male japanese quail from 1 to 7 weeks after hatching. the post-hatch profile of plasma luteinizing hormone (lh), immunoreactive (ir) inhibin and testosterone were measured by radioimmunoassay. testes were immunostained by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method (abc) using polyclonal antisera raised against inh ... | 2008 | 18239351 |
| genetic evaluation of the hsp70 protein in the japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | heat stress is one of the main problems in modern aviculture, since it affects birds especially in the final phase of rearing, causing bird mortality and economic losses to the aviculturist. the quail, as most birds, has difficulties in dissipating heat. however, little is known about the mechanism that controls the responses of the organism to stressor agents. therefore, the study of heat shock proteins (hsps) in these birds is important. a 960-bp portion of hsp70 was amplified using oligonucle ... | 2008 | 18273829 |
| transplantation of ovaries in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | this study aimed to extend techniques of ovarian transplantation from chickens to japanese quail. ovarian tissue was surgically transplanted from chicks obtained from a line of white-breasted (wb/wb) to those of wild-type (+/+) quail at 1-day of age or at 1 week, with or without subsequent administration of the immunosuppressant, mycophenolate mofetil. only one out of seven quail (14.3%) transplanted at 1-day of age survived the surgery but 14 of 18 quail (77.8%) transplanted at a week of age su ... | 2008 | 18276089 |
| effect of l-5-hydroxytryptophan on drinking behavior in coturnix japonica (temminck and schlegel, 1849) (galliformes: aves): involvement of renin-angiotensin system. | the purpose of this study was to explore the role of l-5-hydroxytryptophan (l-htp) and its relationship with the renin-angiotensin system (ras) on the drinking behavior in japanese quails. normally-hydrated quails that received injections of l-htp (12.5; 25 and 50 mg.kg-1) by the intracoelomic route (ic) expressed an increase in water intake, which was inhibited by captopril, an angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) inhibitor. in addition, captopril also induced such a response in birds under prev ... | 2007 | 18278334 |
| urine concentration and avian aquaporin water channels. | although birds and mammals have evolved from primitive tetrapods and advanced divergently, both can conserve water by producing hyperosmotic urine. unique aspects in the avian system include the presence of loopless and looped nephrons, lack of the thin ascending limb of henle's loop, a corticomedullary osmotic gradient primarily consisting of nacl without contribution of urea, and significant postrenal modification of final urine. the countercurrent multiplier mechanism operates between the des ... | 2008 | 18278509 |
| maternal antibodies reduce costs of an immune response during development. | young vertebrates are dependent primarily on innate immunity and maternally derived antibodies for immune defense. this reliance on innate immunity and the associated inflammatory response often leads to reduced growth rates after antigenic challenge. however, if offspring have maternal antibodies that recognize an antigen, these antibodies should block stimulation of the inflammatory response and reduce growth suppression. to determine whether maternal and/or offspring antigen exposure affect a ... | 2008 | 18281327 |
| recessive black is allelic to the yellow plumage locus in japanese quail and associated with a frameshift deletion in the asip gene. | the recessive black plumage mutation in the japanese quail (coturnix japonica) is controlled by an autosomal recessive gene (rb) and displays a blackish-brown phenotype in the recessive homozygous state (rb/rb). a similar black coat color phenotype in nonagouti mice is caused by an autosomal recessive mutation at the agouti locus. an allelism test showed that wild type and mutations for yellow, fawn-2, and recessive black in japanese quail were multiple alleles (*n, *y, *f2, and *rb) at the same ... | 2008 | 18287406 |
| characterization of japanese quail yellow as a genomic deletion upstream of the avian homolog of the mammalian asip (agouti) gene. | asip is an important pigmentation gene responsible for dorsoventral and hair-cycle-specific melanin-based color patterning in mammals. we report some of the first evidence that the avian asip gene has a role in pigmentation. we have characterized the genetic basis of the homozygous lethal japanese quail yellow mutation as a >90-kb deletion upstream of asip. this deletion encompasses almost the entire coding sequence of two upstream loci, raly and eif2b, and places asip expression under control o ... | 2008 | 18287407 |
| melatonin receptor genes (mel-1a, mel-1b, mel-1c) are differentially expressed in the avian germ line. | the presence of melatonin receptor transcripts (mel-1a, mel-1b and mel-1c) was investigated in primordial germ cells (pgcs), immature and mature oocytes, and sperm of japanese quail by reverse transcription--polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). the mel-1a transcript was detected in as few as in a thousand pgcs. significant differences in the expression of melatonin receptor genes were found in differentiating germ cells: in pgcs only the mel-1a receptor was expressed, in blastoderms and immature ... | 2008 | 18288645 |
| molecular aspects of avian oogenesis and fertilisation. | in this paper, we summarise studies which have been carried out on the metabolism of nucleic acids (maternal rna, dna, nucleolytic enzymes) in avian oocytes and embryos (japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica ) within the last 10 years in the institute of genetics and animal breeding of the polish academy of sciences. the accumulation of maternal rna in the quail oocyte during oogenesis is shown and discussed. several individual transcripts were identified in rna from the germinal disc and s ... | 2008 | 18311709 |
| functional disorder of the retina in manganese-deficient japanese quail revealed by electroretinography using a contact lens electrode with built-in light source. | manganese deficiency results in neurological and skeletal defects, together with ultrastructural disarrangement of the retina in rats. wild birds show a range of mn concentrations in their tissues, including the liver, raising the possibility of mn-related disorders in the wild. electroretinography (erg) provides a useful noninvasive approach to evaluate visual function. this method is especially useful in birds, as objective analysis of them is very difficult, while they have well-developed vis ... | 2008 | 18319573 |
| thyrotrophin in the pars tuberalis triggers photoperiodic response. | molecular mechanisms regulating animal seasonal breeding in response to changing photoperiod are not well understood. rapid induction of gene expression of thyroid-hormone-activating enzyme (type 2 deiodinase, dio2) in the mediobasal hypothalamus (mbh) of the japanese quail (coturnix japonica) is the earliest event yet recorded in the photoperiodic signal transduction pathway. here we show cascades of gene expression in the quail mbh associated with the initiation of photoinduced secretion of lu ... | 2008 | 18354476 |
| comparative embryonic development of the skeleton of the domestic turkey (meleagris gallopavo) and other galliform birds. | ossification sequences are poorly known for birds in general, even for common domestic and experimental species. such sequences constitute a rich source of data on character evolution, and may even provide phylogenetic information. it is not clear, however, what factors influence ossification sequences and what the relative importance of phylogeny is to the sequences. galliformes constitute a good group to examine these variables. these birds are osteologically conservative, have precocial young ... | 2008 | 18375106 |
| conformational flexibility and kinetic complexity in antibody-antigen interactions. | the kinetics of dissociation of three structurally characterized anti-hen egg white lysozyme antibodies (h8, h10, and h26), with hen egg white lysozyme (hel) and the avian variant japanese quail lysozyme (jql) were examined. these antibodies share over 90% sequence identity and recognize the same epitope, but differ in their degree of cross-reactivity and predicted combining site rigidity. competitive dissociation induced by the addition of excess unlabeled hel after varied periods of antibody-a ... | 2008 | 18383102 |
| sexual differentiation of brain and behavior in birds. | it is currently accepted that most sex differences in brain and behavior do not result from direct genomic actions, but develop following early exposure to a sexually differentiated endocrine milieu. in japanese quail (coturnix japonica), in contrast to rodents, the male reproductive phenotype appears to develop in the absence of endocrine influence, and estradiol secreted by the ovary of the female embryo is responsible for the physiologic demasculinization of females. in zebra finches (taeniop ... | 2008 | 18406680 |
| divergent selection for shape of growth curve in japanese quail. 4. carcase composition and thyroid hormones. | 1. changes in the relative weights of carcase, abdominal fat, breast and leg muscles, and plasma thyroid hormone concentrations occurring during the first 6 weeks of postnatal growth were analysed in males of hg and lg lines divergently selected for high and low relative body weight (bw) gain between 11 and 28 d of age, respectively, and constant adult bw. 2. the second week of postnatal life was a critical age at which the hg males exhibited a relatively faster growth in comparison to their lg ... | 2008 | 18409082 |
| comparative digestibility of amino acids of maize, sorghum, finger millet and pearl millet in cockerels and japanese quails. | 1. the objective of the present study was to determine the apparent digestibilities of amino acids of maize, low tannin sorghum, pearl millet and finger millet in adult cockerels and japanese quails. 2. adult white leghorn cockerels (25 weeks of age) and adult japanese quails (15 weeks of age) were used to determine the apparent digestibilities of amino acids in cereal grains. 3. the digestibilities of amino acids in sorghum determined with quails were similar to cockerels, with the exception of ... | 2008 | 18409091 |
| detoxification and oxidative stress responses along with microcystins accumulation in japanese quail exposed to cyanobacterial biomass. | the cyanobacterial exposure has been implicated in mass mortalities of wild birds, but information on the actual effects of cyanobacteria on birds in controlled studies is missing. effects on detoxification and antioxidant parameters as well as bioaccumulation of microcystins (mcs) were studied in birds after sub-lethal exposure to natural cyanobacterial biomass. four treatment groups of model species japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were exposed to controlled doses of cyanobacterial ... | 2008 | 18423819 |
| developmental patterning deciphered in avian chimeras. | i started my scientific carer by investigating the development of the digestive tract in the laboratory of a well-known embryologist, etienne wolff, then professor at the collège de france. my animal model was the chick embryo. the investigations that i pursued on liver development together with serendipity, led me to devise a cell-marking technique based on the construction of chimeric embryos between two closely related species of birds, the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and the ... | 2008 | 18430163 |
| rapid action on neuroplasticity precedes behavioral activation by testosterone. | testosterone has been shown to increase the volume of steroid-sensitive brain nuclei in adulthood in several vertebrate species. in male japanese quail the volume of the male-biased sexually dimorphic medial preoptic nucleus (pom), a key brain area for the control of male sexual behavior, is markedly increased by testosterone. previous studies assessed this effect after a period of 8-14 days but the exact time course of these effects is unknown. we asked here whether testosterone-dependent pom p ... | 2008 | 18452920 |
| estradiol, a key endocrine signal in the sexual differentiation and activation of reproductive behavior in quail. | in japanese quail, estrogen's effects on sexual behavior can be divided into three classes based on the underlying mechanisms and time-course of action and release. during embryonic life, the embryonic ovary secretes large amounts of estrogens. in contrast to what is observed in mammals where sexual differentiation essentially proceeds via masculinization of the males, in quail, females are demasculinized by their endogenous ovarian estrogens, an effect that can be blocked by injection of an aro ... | 2009 | 18481266 |
| selective estrogen receptor alpha activation disrupts sex organ differentiation and induces expression of vitellogenin ii and very low-density apolipoprotein ii in japanese quail embryos. | the japanese quail (coturnix japonica) is a widely used model species for studying the roles of steroid hormones in avian sex differentiation. the aim of the present study was to elucidate the significance of estrogen receptors alpha and beta (eralpha and erbeta) in normal sex differentiation of the reproductive organs in the japanese quail and in xenoestrogen-induced disruption of reproductive organ differentiation. real-time pcr indicated that eralpha (esr1) mrna is expressed in both right and ... | 2008 | 18483074 |
| scierai ectasia associated with hereditary retinal dysplasia in a mutant strain of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | ocular defects and age-related lesions in mutant (gub strain) japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), phenotypically characterised by silver plumage, are described. grossly, a circular area of hypopigmentation in the posterior retina with thinning of the subjacent sciera was observed in all gub quails. as the birds matured, the thinned sciera progressed to scierai ectasia. histologically, the sciera at the ectatic area consisted of an outer fibrous layer and was devoid of the inner cartilag ... | 1997 | 18483890 |
| a serological survey of chickens, japanese quail, pigeons, ducks and crows for antibodies to chicken anaemia virus (cav) in japan. | the chicken has been considered as the natural host for chicken anaemia virus (cav). to examine the prevalence of cav in domestic and wild birds in japan, we analyzed serum samples collected from 211 chickens, 168 japanese quail, 105 pigeons, 113 ducks and 116 crows for the presence of antibodies to cav by a micro-scale virus neutralization (vn) test. nine of the 13 chicken flocks (69.2%) were found to be positive for vn antibodies to cav. of the 211 individual chicken serum samples, 127 (60.2%) ... | 1998 | 18484006 |
| individual and combined effects of fumonisin b1 and moniliformin on clinicopathological and cell-mediated immune response in japanese quail. | a total of 390 one-day-old quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica) were divided into 4 groups (3 replicates per treatment), viz. cx, fx, mx, and fm, containing 75, 105, 105, and 105 birds, respectively. birds in the control group (cx) were fed quail mash alone, whereas birds in group fx were fed 200 ppm of fumonisin b(1) (fb(1)) from fusarium verticillioides culture material; group mx was fed 100 ppm of moniliformin (m) from fusarium fujikuroi culture material; and group fm was fed a combinati ... | 2008 | 18492990 |
| predisposed visual memory of shapes in quail chicks. | newly hatched chicks will spontaneously peck at conspicuous objects in their field of view, and soon learn to distinguish between edible food particles and unpleasant tasting objects. to examine whether the selective pecking is based on the ability to memorize shapes, we analyzed pecking behavior of 1- to 2-days-old quail chicks (coturnix japonica) by using ball- and triangle-shaped beads both painted in green. repeated presentation of dry bead (either ball or triangle) resulted in a progressive ... | 2000 | 18522457 |
| accurate visual memory of colors in controlling the pecking behavior of quail chicks. | animals are predisposed to memorize specific features of objects they encounter, and to link them with behavioral outputs in a selective manner. in this study, we examined whether chicks memorize objects by colors, and how they exploit the memorized color cues for selective pecking in 1- to 2-days-old quail chicks (coturnix japonica). ball-shaped beads painted in green (g), yellowish green (yg) and the intermediate color (ygg) were used. repetitive presentation of a bead (interval: 4.5 min) resu ... | 2000 | 18522458 |
| epoxiconazole causes changes in testicular histology and sperm production in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the fungicide epoxiconazole (epox), a triazole, belongs to the group of azole compounds that are extensively used as fungicides in various fruit crops. the frequent use of agricultural lands for wintering by migrating birds can be the source of their increased dietary intake of agricultural pesticides. we investigated whether exposure to epox causes effects on avian fertility and reproduction, using the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) as a model species for the assessment of reproduc ... | 2008 | 18522476 |
| incorporation of zp1 into perivitelline membrane after in vivo treatment with exogenous zp1 in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | in birds, the egg envelope surrounding the oocyte prior to ovulation is called the perivitelline membrane and it plays important roles in fertilization. in a previous study we demonstrated that one of the components of the perivitelline membrane, zp3, which is secreted from the ovarian granulosa cells, specifically interacts with zp1, another constituent that is synthesized in the liver of japanese quail. in the present study, we investigated whether zp1 injected exogenously into the blood posse ... | 2008 | 18537820 |
| immunohistochemical studies on the splenic lobe of the pancreas in young japanese quails (coturnix c. japonica). | the splenic lobe (lobus splenicus) of the pancreas of young meat-type quails (coturnix c. japonica) was examined by immunohistochemical and light microscopic methods. the endocrine cells are mainly grouped as alpha, beta and mixed islets. a large region consisting of alpha cells is located in the central region of the splenic lobe whereas numerous beta islets are detected in the periphery of the splenic lobe. alpha islets are in the majority composed of toluidine blue positive a cells and a few ... | 2008 | 18547019 |
| stimulus contingency and the malleability of species-typical auditory preferences in northern bobwhite (colinus virginianus) hatchlings. | precocial avian hatchlings are typically highly social and show strong species-typical preferences for the maternal calls of their own species. the influence of social contingencies on the acquisition of species-specific preferences has, however, largely been neglected. we found that exposing bobwhite (bw) quail chicks to a japanese quail (jq) call contingent on their own vocalizations for 5 min was sufficient to eliminate their species-typical preference for the bw maternal call. yoked, noncont ... | 2008 | 18551463 |
| immunohistochemistry of the cytoskeleton in the excurrent ducts of the testis in birds of the galloanserae monophyly. | the presence, location and degree of immunoexpression of various microfilament (mf) and intermediate filament (if) systems (actin, cytokeratins, desmin, vimentin) were studied in the excurrent ducts of the testis in sexually mature and active galliform (japanese quail, domestic fowl, turkey) and anseriform (duck) birds. these proteins were variably expressed between the epithelia and periductal tissue (periductal smooth muscle cell layer and interductal connective tissue) types and between speci ... | 2008 | 18563450 |
| [effect of krypton-containing gas mixture on japanese quail embryo development]. | investigated were effects of gas mixture with up to 3.0 kgs/cm2 of krypton on the embryonic development of domesticated japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica dom.). results demonstrated absence of a serious krypton effect on japanese quail embryos. development of embryos proceeded in due course; morphometrically the experimental embryos were essentially similar to controls. it should be noted that despite exposure to acute hypoxic hypoxia during the initial 12 hours of development in the kr ... | 2013 | 18564569 |
| toxicological effects of diclofenac in four avian species. | the objective of the present study was to investigate the toxico-pathological effects of diclofenac in different avian species including broiler chicks (gallus gallus, 15 days old), pigeons (columba livia, 3 months old), japanese quail (coturnix japonica, 4 weeks old) and mynah (acridotheres tristis, independent young). for each species, five groups each containing 10 birds were maintained and administered diclofenac sodium orally at dose rates of 0, 0.25, 2.5, 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight, respe ... | 2008 | 18568659 |
| habituation to humans affects yolk steroid levels and offspring phenotype in quail. | in the field as well as in the laboratory, human-generated stress responses are reduced in adult animals previously habituated to humans in comparison to non-habituated individuals. in birds, yolk steroid levels vary with maternal environment and condition. we tested the hypothesis that the experience of female birds with humans could affect yolk steroids levels and offspring phenotype. two groups of japanese quail, one habituated to humans (h) and a second non-habituated (nh), were exposed dail ... | 2008 | 18572170 |
| mechanisms of estrogen-induced effects in avian reproduction caused by transovarian application of a xenoestrogen, diethylstilbestrol. | to clarify breeding failure in avian species caused by the estrogenicity of chemicals, alterations in the reproductive systems of japanese quail exposed in ovo to a xenoestrogen were investigated. an injection of diethylstilbestrol (des) into the yolk before incubation decreased, after sexual maturation, egg-laying performance of female quails, which accompanied inducing abnormal development of the oviducts. all females treated with 50 ng des/g of egg did not lay eggs, while 0.5-5 ng des/g reduc ... | 2009 | 18597071 |
| detection of reticuloendotheliosis virus by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization in experimentally infected japanese quail embryos and archived formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumours. | reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) infection can result in immunosuppression, a runting syndrome, high mortality, acute reticulum cell neoplasia, or t-cell and/or b-cell lymphomas, in a variety of domestic and wild birds. histopathological changes in rev infection are not sufficient to differentiate it from avian lymphoid leukosis and marek's disease, and currently there are no available in situ diagnostic methods for detection of active rev presence in pathologic specimens. to develop immunohist ... | 2008 | 18622864 |
| gonadotrophin-inhibitory hormone receptor expression in the chicken pituitary gland: potential influence of sexual maturation and ovarian steroids. | gonadotrophin-inhibitory hormone (gnih), a hypothalamic rfamide, has been found to inhibit gonadotrophin secretion from the anterior pituitary gland originally in birds and, subsequently, in mammalian species. the gene encoding a transmembrane receptor for gnih (gnihr) was recently identified in the brain, pituitary gland and gonads of song bird, chicken and japanese quail. the objectives of the present study are to characterise the expression of gnihr mrna and protein in the chicken pituitary g ... | 2008 | 18638025 |
| staphylococcal dermatitis in quail with a parakeratotic hyperkeratotic dermatosis suggestive of pantothenic acid deficiency. | this report describes an outbreak of staphylococcal dermatitis which occurred in commercial japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) with a history and clinico-pathological evidence suggestive of pantothenic acid deficiency. the flock had a low hatchability rate (40 to 43%) and a high percentage (50%) of dead-in-shell embryos. approximately 5 to 15% of the grower flock developed crusty facial scabs and conjunctivitis from 4 days of age. culture of eyelid skin yielded pure growths of non-haemo ... | 1995 | 18645814 |
| influences of maternal corticosterone and selection for contrasting adrenocortical responsiveness in japanese quail on developmental instability of female progeny. | differences in developmental instability were assessed in female offspring of japanese quail hens selected for reduced (low stress, ls) or exaggerated (high stress, hs) plasma corticosterone (b) response to stress and treated with a placebo or b during egg formation. hens of each line were implanted (s.c.) with either a silastic tube containing no b (controls) or one filled with b. female chicks hatched from each of the 4 line x implant treatment combinations were retained for examination of 3 b ... | 2008 | 18648041 |
| [effect of chronic exposure to low doses of ionized radiation on embryonal development of the japanese quail]. | experiments on japanese quail embryogenesis on a background of chronic exposure to gamma- and neutron doses comparable with the doses of ionized radiation inside the orbital space stations mir and iss, and exploration vehicles gave evidence that permanent absorption of low gamma-doses (0,15 cgy/d) did not impact development of the japanese quail embryos. on the contrary, the neutron dose of 200 microgy/d imparted by the neutron flux of 30 particles/cm2s was hazardous to embryos as it caused morp ... | 2008 | 18672515 |
| [impact of hypoxic gas mixtures on embryogenesis of the japanese quail]. | avian embryogenesis is of great interest to investigators, as the germ developing outside mother's body, is capable to react briskly to any alteration in the outer world. the paper present experimental evidence of the impact of oxygen with physical and chemical properties modified by short-cycle no-heating adsorption (sna) in a hypoxic gas mixture (10% o2) on the early embryogenesis of the japanese quail. low concentrations of oxygen are known to be a dramatically disturbing factor for embryo's ... | 2016 | 18672516 |
| [prenatal acoustic stimulation and feeding behavior of japanese quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica)]. | effects of a prenatal rhythmic tone on behavior of japanese quail chicks were studied on the next days after hatching. the acoustically stimulated chicks demonstrated a significantly more frequent following response, feeding reaction and comfortable behavior when hearing the tone as compared with their controls. bandwidths stimulating this or another behavior were determined. | 2008 | 18672521 |
| genetic differences in coping strategies in response to prolonged and repeated restraint in japanese quail divergently selected for long or short tonic immobility. | exposure to fearful situations elicits behavioral and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) axis responses characteristic of the coping response of individual animals to counteract environmental challenges. the aim of this study was to investigate behavioral and corticotropic responses concomitantly following prolonged or repeated restraint stress by placing two genotypes of japanese quail divergently selected for long (lti) or short (sti) duration of tonic immobility (ti) in a crush cage. in our ... | 2008 | 18675817 |
| social context rather than behavioral output or winning modulates post-conflict testosterone responses in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | testosterone regulates the expression of sexual and aggressive behavior in male vertebrates and treatments with testosterone may promote territorial aggression and winning in dyadic contests. conversely, individual testosterone levels respond to sexual or aggressive interactions and the social environment. post-conflict testosterone in winner males though appears to be more complex than simply reflecting conflict outcome. expression and degree of post-conflict testosterone responses may adapt to ... | 2008 | 18675837 |
| effect of estrogen and its antagonist on the expression of arginine vasotocin (avt) and its oxytocic-like receptor vt3 in the shell gland of japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | avian neurohypophysial hormone arginine vasotocin (avt) is known to regulate shell gland contractility during oviposition. while studying the role of estrogen in the expression and regulation of avt and its oxytocic-like receptor vt3, using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, it was observed that the expression of avt and its receptor was not detected in the shell gland of sexually immature japanese quail. however, administration of estrogen to these birds not only stimulates the gro ... | 2008 | 18678266 |
| isolation of marek's disease virus from japanese quail with lymphoproliferative disease. | sixty-one japanese quail from eight flocks with problems of recurring outbreaks of lymphoproliferative diseases resembling marek's disease (md), were examined aetiologically. gross lymphomatous lesions were seen in 17 of the quail and 11 out of 56 quail had md virus (mdv) feather tips antigens. mdv antibody was detectable in only one of 22 quail. none of 9 quail had antibodies against reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev). no mdv was isolated from the total 42 materials of quail using cell culture t ... | 1990 | 18679919 |
| renal damage induced by uranyl nitrate and oestradiol-17beta in japanese quail and wistar rats. | morphological alterations occurred in the kidneys of japanese quail and wistar rats 18 h after giving uranyl nitrate solution i.v. dosages of 50 micromol u/kg body weight produced more extensive and more severe damage than did 0.15 micromol u/kg. degeneration and necrosis of tubular epithelium was prominent in the proximal tubules in rats and in the distal tubules in quail. less extensive damage occurred in glomeruli and collecting ducts. protein deposits were seen in the kidneys of both rats an ... | 1991 | 18679996 |
| comparative studies on pathogenical, virological and serological properties of marek's disease virus isolated from japanese quail and chicken. | the qm-1 strain of marek's disease virus (mdv) isolated from japanese quail (jq) induced higher mortality (96%) with md lesions in quail than the jm strain of mdv isolated from chickens (c) (21%). in contrast both viruses induced md in 90% of chickens. pathological changes produced in quail inoculated with jq-mdv or c-mdv were similar. however, the incidence of tumour lesions in the duodenum of quail inoculated with jq-mdv was significantly higher. neither virus induced tumour lesions in the duo ... | 1991 | 18679999 |
| diurnal variation in the cellular and humoral immune responses of japanese quail: role of melatonin. | experiments were conducted to determine if diurnal variations occur in the cellular and humoral immune responses of sexually mature, male japanese quail and if this diurnal variation is mediated by the daily rhythm of melatonin. in experiment 1, quail were exposed to ld 12:12 light-dark cycles and immune responses were measured in response to a single antigenic challenge given to different groups every 4h over a 24h period. diurnal changes occurred in both the cellular and humoral immune respons ... | 2008 | 18703065 |
| ontogeny of copulatory behaviour in male japanese quail classified by their t-maze performance as hatchlings. | 1. this study examines the time courses of male mating behaviours using quail that were categorised at 2 d of age as high performance (hp) or low performance (lp) individuals in a t-maze. 2. individually caged males from each t-maze category were observed for 5 min after a female of the same category (hp or lp) was introduced into their home cages as a sexual partner at 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks of age. the number of grabs, mounts and cloacal contacts performed by each male and his copulatory ... | 2008 | 18704786 |
| [physiologically active argon-based gas mixtures as a means of creating fire-safe gaseous environments in pressurized modules of varying purpose]. | development of acute hypoxic hypoxia in consequence of fire in various pressurized modules was studied. the investigation was aimed to look into the effects of inert argon and dramatic oxygen reduction in gaseous environment on animals (wistar rats, mice c57bl/6, balb/c and f1cbaxbalb/c hybrids, japanese quail embryos) and microorganism (escherichia coli strains k-12 jf 238 and k-12 jm 83). also, inflammability of some widely used materials was assessed in order to provide inputs to developers o ... | 2008 | 18714727 |
| thermoregulatory and metabolic responses of japanese quail to hypoxia. | common responses to hypoxia include decreased body temperature (tb) and decreased energy metabolism. in this study, the effects of hypoxia and hypercapnia on tb and metabolic oxygen consumption (vo2) were investigated in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). when exposed to hypoxia (15, 13, 11 and 9% o2), tb decreased only at 11% and 9% o2 compared to normoxia; quail were better able to maintain tb during acute hypoxia after a one-week acclimation to 10% o2. vo2 also decreased during hypoxia, but ... | 2008 | 18727957 |
| the effect of cryopreservation process on morphology and fertilising ability of japanese quail (coturnix japonica) spermatozoa. | changes in the morphology and fertilising ability of japanese quail spermatozoa were studied after semen dilution, equilibration and freezing-thawing process in order to determine the optimal diluent, cryoprotectant and the freezing-thawing method. subsequent stages of quail semen cryopreservation caused significant decline in spermatozoa morphology and their ability to fertilise the ovum. semen dilution with lake's extender alone reduced the number of morphologically normal spermatozoa and decr ... | 2008 | 18754060 |
| mycoplasma species isolated from six avian species. | mycoplasmas were isolated from chickens, chicken embryos, turkeys, ducks, geese, pigeons and japanese quail and their embryos. altogether 792 birds and embryos were examined and 411 of them (52%) were infected with mycoplasmas. isolates were identified by indirect immunofluorescence using monospecific rabbit antisera against 16 recognised species of avian mycoplasma (am) and two species of acholeplasma. in all 633 strains of mycoplasma were detected and most of these belonged to recognised am sp ... | 1987 | 18766652 |
| the expression of marek's disease tumour-associated surface antigen in various avian species. | marek's disease tumour-associated surface antigen (matsa) was detected on lymphoid cells from chickens infected with marek's disease virus (mdv) or the herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt), from a chicken-quail hybrid infected with mdv, and from turkeys infected with the ga strain of mdv, but not on cells from turkeys infected with hvt or the hprs-16 strain of mdv or from mdv-infected japanese quails or bobwhite quails, despite the presence of lymphomas in some japanese quails. two complementary explana ... | 1984 | 18766850 |
| reticuloendotheliosis in japanese quail. | an outbreak of reticuloendotheliosis occurred in a flock of japanese quail. the most striking and consistent lesion observed was a marked thickening and nodular formations along the digestive tract. other organs were involved with varying degrees of frequency, with tumour masses being observed in the lungs, liver, spleen, heart, pancreas, caeca! tonsils, ovary, kidney, airsacs, thyroid glands, testes and sciatic nerves. the histological changes were characterized by proliferation of an extremely ... | 1974 | 18777271 |
| development of a new vaccine against turkey meningo-encephalitis using a virus passaged through the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | turkey meningo-encephalitis virus could be adapted to the japanese quail by intra-cerebral inoculation. after 4 passages the virus was found to be less pathogenic for the turkey. further attenuation could be achieved by growing the virus in japanese quail kidney cell cultures for 11 passages. this attenuated virus was used for the preparation of a live vaccine against turkey meningo-encephalitis. the safety and efficacy of the vaccine was shown in laboratory and field experiments. | 1975 | 18777300 |
| effects of maternal exposure to ammonium perchlorate on thyroid function and the expression of thyroid-responsive genes in japanese quail embryos. | perchlorate, a known thyroid disruptor, is deposited in eggs of exposed female birds, raising concerns that the embryos from these eggs may become hypothyroid, which may in turn affect the development and function of thyroid-dependent organs. we hypothesized that exposure to ammonium perchlorate (ap) would decrease hen and embryonic thyroid function and affect the expression of thyroid-responsive genes in embryonic brain and liver. laying japanese quail hens were treated with 2000 mg/l or 4000 m ... | 2013 | 18804473 |
| the underestimated role of olfaction in avian reproduction? | until the second half of the 20th century, it was broadly accepted that most birds are microsmatic if not anosmic and unable to detect and use olfactory information. exceptions were eventually conceded for species like procellariiforms, vultures or kiwis that detect their food at least in part based on olfactory signals. during the past 20-30 years, many publications have appeared indicating that this view is definitely erroneous. we briefly review here anatomical, electrophysiological and behav ... | 2008 | 18804490 |
| selective activation of estrogen receptor alpha in japanese quail embryos affects reproductive organ differentiation but not the male sexual behavior or the parvocellular vasotocin system. | estradiol is crucial for normal female differentiation in birds. developmental effects of estrogen are believed to be mediated by slow genomic actions through the nuclear estrogen receptors alpha (eralpha) and/or beta (erbeta). consequently, exogenous compounds that interfere with the ers may disrupt sexual differentiation of the reproductive organs and of the brain areas controlling sexual behaviors. the present study was conducted to elucidate the role of eralpha in xenoestrogen-induced disrup ... | 2016 | 18805421 |
| absence of donor-derived zona pellucida protein c homolog in the inner perivitelline layer of peking duck (anas platyrhynchos)-japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) chimeras (duails). | avian blastodermal cells at stage x are used to produce interspecies chimeras for heterogenous poultry reproduction. however, recipient-derived inner perivitelline layer (ipvl)-enclosed donor-derived ova may affect the efficiency of germline transmission via chimera. among the proteins in the ipvl, zona pellucida protein c (zpc) plays an important role in sperm-egg binding and inducing the acrosome reaction. in the present study, peking duck blastodermal cells at stage x were transferred into su ... | 2008 | 18809869 |
| developmental hyperoxia attenuates the hypoxic ventilatory response in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | early life experiences can influence development of the respiratory control system. we hypothesized that chronic hyperoxia (60% o(2)) during development would attenuate the hypoxic ventilatory response (hvr) of japanese quail (coturnix japonica), similar to the effects of developmental hyperoxia in mammals. quail were exposed to hyperoxia during prenatal development, during postnatal development, or during both prenatal and postnatal development (for approximately 2 or 4 weeks). hvr (11% o(2)) w ... | 2008 | 18824143 |
| effect of egg turning and incubation time on carbonic anhydrase gene expression in the blastoderm of the japanese quail (coturnix c. japonica). | 1. the gene expression of carbonic anhydrase, a key enzyme for the production of sub-embryonic fluid (sef), was assessed in turned and unturned eggs of the japanese quail. the plasma membrane-associated isoforms ca iv, ca ix, ca xii, ca xiv, and the cytoplasmic isoform ca ii, were investigated in the extra-embryonic tissue of the blastoderm and in embryonic blood. 2. eggs were incubated at 37.6 degrees c, c.60% rh, and turned hourly (90 degrees ) or left unturned. from 48 to 96 h of incubation m ... | 2008 | 18836903 |
| epigallocatechin-3-gallate supplementation can improve antioxidant status in stressed quail. | 1. heat stress causes oxidative stress, which decreases plasma antioxidants in poultry. epigallocatechin gallate (egcg), the most abundant polyphenol in green tea, is a powerful antioxidant against lipid peroxidation. this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary egcg supplementation on performance, carcase characteristics, concentrations of malondialdehyde, lipid peroxidation indicator, vitamins c, e, a, cholesterol, triglyceride, and glucose in japanese quail (coturnix cotur ... | 2008 | 18836912 |
| embryonic and posthatching treatments with sex steroids demasculinize the motivational aspects of crowing behavior in male japanese quail. | demasculinizing action of embryonic estrogen on crowing behavior in male japanese quails was examined. eggs were treated with either 20 microg of estradiol benzoate (eb) or vehicle on the 10th day of incubation. chicks hatched from both groups of eggs were injected daily with either testosterone propionate (tp; 10 microg/g b.w.), 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (dht, a non-aromatizable androgen; 10 microg/g b.w.), or vehicle from 11 to 50 days after hatching, and during this period their calling beha ... | 2009 | 18848946 |
| effects of estradiol on the development of the bursa of fabricius in japanese quail. | effects of androgens on the development of the bursa of fabricius are better understood than those of estradiol, despite the known sensitivity of the bursa to estradiol early in embryogenesis. the goal of this study was to determine the effects of one-time yolk injections of estradiol at day 4 of incubation on the development of the bursa and spleen as indices of treatment effects on the immune system. follicle size and numbers in hatchling bursas were significantly reduced at 50 and 500 microg/ ... | 2009 | 18925651 |
| retinal carotenoids can attenuate formation of a2e in the retinal pigment epithelium. | a2e, an important constituent of lipofuscin in human retinal pigment epithelium (rpe), is thought to mediate light-induced oxidative damage associated with aging and other ocular disorders. ocular carotenoids in overlying retinal tissues were measured by hplc and mass spectrometry and were correlated with levels of rpe a2e. we observed a statistically significant increase in total a2e levels in human rpe/choroid with age, and a2e levels in macular regions were approximately 1/3 lower than in per ... | 2009 | 18926795 |
| open-field temporal pattern of ambulation in japanese quail genetically selected for contrasting adrenocortical responsiveness to brief manual restraint. | japanese quail selected for a low-stress (ls), rather than a high-stress (hs), plasma corticosterone response to brief restraint have been shown to possess lower fearfulness and a nonspecific reduction in stress responsiveness. detrended fluctuation analysis provides information on the organization and complexity of temporal patterns of behavior. the present study evaluated the temporal pattern of ambulation of ls and hs quail in an open field that represented a novel environment. time series of ... | 2008 | 18931167 |
| key amino acids in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor predict dioxin sensitivity in avian species. | dioxin-like compounds are toxic to most vertebrates, but significant differences in sensitivity exist among species. a recent study suggests that the amino acid residues corresponding to ile324 and ser380 in the chicken aryl hydrocarbon receptor 1 (ahr1) are important determinants of differential biochemical responses to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) in chickens and common terns. here, we investigate whether the identity of these amino acid residues can predict embryonic sensitivity ... | 2008 | 18939598 |
| using mean infectious dose of high- and low-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses originating from wild duck and poultry as one measure of infectivity and adaptation to poultry. | the mean infectious doses of selected avian influenza virus (aiv) isolates, determined in domestic poultry under experimental conditions, were shown to be both host-dependent and virus strain-dependent and could be considered one measure of the infectivity and adaptation to a specific host. as such, the mean infectious dose could serve as a quantitative predictor for which strains of aiv, given the right conditions, would be more likely transmitted to and maintained in a given species or subsequ ... | 2008 | 18939635 |
| japanese quail (coturnix japonica) as a laboratory animal model. | for the past 50 years, the japanese quail (coturnix japonica) has been a popular animal model in numerous fields of research. the quail's 16-d developmental period and its easily accessible embryo make c. japonica a convenient model for studies of developmental biology. because its lifespan is relatively short and its physiology is comparable to that of humans, the adult quail is useful for studies of aging and disease. the authors describe the japanese quail as an animal model and, drawing on t ... | 2008 | 18948991 |
| effects of 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol on the reproductive toxicity in female japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | we previously showed that 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol (4-nitro-m-cresol, pnmc), a component of diesel exhaust particles and a degradation product of the insecticide fenitrothion, has reproductive toxicity in adult male and immature female japanese quail (coturnix japonica). here we investigated effects of pnmc on the reproductive toxicity of mature female japanese quail. the experiment consists of 3 periods of pretreatment, treatment, and post-treatment for 5 d each. the birds were reared, bred natur ... | 2008 | 18981592 |
| molecular characterization of egg envelope glycoprotein zpd in the ovary of japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | the egg envelope surrounding avian oocytes exhibits a three-dimensional network of coarse fibers between the granulosa cells and the oocyte. our previous studies have demonstrated that one of the matrix's components, zp3, is synthesized in the ovarian granulosa cells. another component, zp1, which is critically involved in triggering the sperm acrosome reaction, is synthesized in the liver. we have previously isolated cdnas encoding quail zp3 and zp1, and we now report the isolation of cdna enco ... | 2009 | 19017723 |
| pathological effects of sodium hypochlorite administration through drinking water in male japanese quails (coturnix japonica). | fifty male japanese quails of 40 days of age were divided into five equal groups viz. a, b, c, d, and e. drinking water supplemented with sodium hypochlorite at dose level of 0, 25, 50, 200, and 400 mg chlorine/l, respectively was offered for 6 weeks. at the end of week 6 when no clinical signs of toxicity of sodium hypochlorite appeared, the birds in groups b and c were shifted to 100 mg chlorine/l drinking water, and this level was increased fourfold (400, 1600, 6400 mg chlorine/l drinking wat ... | 2008 | 19042964 |
| effects of dietary dried baker's yeast on the performance, egg traits and blood parameters in laying quails. | this study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary dried baker's yeast on laying performance, egg traits and some blood parameters of quails. in the experiment a total of 342 japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) aged ten weeks were equally divided into six groups of 57 (three replicates of 19 quails each). six levels (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20%) of dried baker's yeast were included in isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets. the experimental period lasted 14 weeks. at the end of the ... | 2009 | 19052896 |
| body wall morphogenesis: limb-genesis interferes with body wall-genesis via its influence on the abaxial somite derivatives. | the vertebrate body wall is regionalized into thoracic and lumbosacral/abdominal regions that differ in their morphology and developmental origin. the thoracic body wall has ribs and intercostal muscles, which develops from thoracic somites, whereas the abdominal wall has abdominal muscles, which develops from lumbosacral somites without ribs cage. to examine whether limb-genesis interferes with body wall-genesis, and to test the possibility that limb generation leads to the regional differentia ... | 2015 | 19059337 |