Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| detection of respiratory syncytial virus rna in blood of neonates by polymerase chain reaction. | during the winter season of 1994/1995, nasopharyngeal aspirates and blood samples of neonates who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) (group 1) and infants with respiratory tract disease (group 2) were examined prospectively for the presence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). examination of nasal washes were done by antigen detection and blood samples were tested by nested reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). the results of the 41 neonates studied ... | 1998 | 9557299 |
| the class ii membrane glycoprotein g of bovine respiratory syncytial virus, expressed from a synthetic open reading frame, is incorporated into virions of recombinant bovine herpesvirus 1. | the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) recombinants bhv-1/eg(ori) and bhv-1/eg(syn) were isolated after insertion of expression cassettes which contained either a genomic rna-derived cdna fragment (bhv-1/eg(ori)) or a modified, chemically synthesized open reading frame (orf) (bhv-1/eg(syn)), which both encode the attachment glycoprotein g of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), a class ii membrane glycoprotein. northern blot analyses and nuclear runoff transcription experiments indicated that tr ... | 1998 | 9557663 |
| recombinant vaccinia virus coexpressing the f protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and interleukin-4 (il-4) does not inhibit the development of rsv-specific memory cytotoxic t lymphocytes, whereas priming is diminished in the presence of high levels of il-2 or gamma interferon. | in order to investigate if immune responses to the fusion (f) protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) could be influenced by cytokines, recombinant vaccinia viruses (rvv) carrying both the f gene of rsv and the gene for murine interleukin-2 (il-2), il-4, or gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) were constructed. in vitro characterization of rvv revealed that insertion of the cytokine gene into the vp37 locus of the vaccinia virus genome resulted in 100- to 1,000-fold higher expression than insertion ... | 1998 | 9557697 |
| recombinant respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bearing a set of mutations from cold-passaged rsv is attenuated in chimpanzees. | a set of five missense mutations previously identified by nucleotide sequence analysis of subgroup a cold-passaged (cp) respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been introduced into a recombinant wild-type strain of rsv. this recombinant virus, designated ra2cp, appears to replicate less efficiently in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of seronegative chimpanzees than either biologically derived or recombinant wild-type rsv. infection with ra2cp also resulted in significantly less rhinorrhea a ... | 1998 | 9557743 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection of human alveolar epithelial cells enhances interferon regulatory factor 1 and interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme gene expression but does not cause apoptosis. | the induction kinetics of the transcriptional activities of interferon regulatory factor 1 (irf-1), interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme (ice), and cpp32 by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection of human type ii alveolar epithelial cells (a549 cells) were analyzed semiquantitatively by reverse transcriptase pcr. the appearance of ice and cpp32 protein in cell lysate was examined by western blotting analysis. the induction of apoptosis by rsv infection was examined by the appearance of dna f ... | 1998 | 9557748 |
| [epidemiology of paget's disease. peculiarities in the province of zamora]. | some paramyxovirus (measles, respiratory syncytial virus, and dog's distemper virus) are currently considered to be responsible for paget's disease of the bone. a relevant role is also given to inheritance as predisposing factor. some authors have found an association between hla antigens with this disease, but without unanimous agreement. although this hypothesis of an interaction between a genetic factor and a viral infectious agent is the most accepted universally, there is not yet a definiti ... | 1998 | 9558919 |
| a number-needed-to-treat analysis of the use of respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin to prevent hospitalization. | to estimate how many infants in selected high-risk subgroups would require treatment with respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin (rsv-ig) to avoid 1 hospital admission and to determine whether this is economically justified. | 1998 | 9559712 |
| cohorting of infants with respiratory syncytial virus. | during two winter periods (1994-1995 and 1995-1996), nasopharyngeal aspirates were obtained from infants and young children with an acute respiratory illness, after initial assessment in an area with six cubicles which serves as an admissions unit. aspirates were sent for rapid diagnostic testing. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) positive patients were cohorted into two six-bedded bays on the paediatric wards. over the two successive winter periods studied, 347 rsv positive patients were assign ... | 1998 | 9561471 |
| acute respiratory infections: the forgotten pandemic. communiqué from the international conference on acute respiratory infections, held in canberra, australia, 7-10 july 1997. | acute respiratory infections kill 4 million children every year in developing countries, and most of these deaths are caused by pneumonia. this huge loss of life goes virtually unnoticed, despite the fact that we have two very effective ways of preventing many of the deaths from pneumonia: haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine, and standardised antibiotic treatment regimens. although h. influenzae type b vaccine has virtually eliminated diseases caused by this organism in children in developed c ... | 1998 | 9562104 |
| detection of intrauterine viral infection using the polymerase chain reaction. | intrauterine viral infection commonly presents as nonimmune hydrops fetalis or intrauterine growth restriction. cytomegalovirus (cmv) and parvovirus are commonly recognized causes of fetal infection using serology and cultures. we used the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to evaluate the frequency of fetal viral infection and the associated clinical course and outcome. specimens (amniotic fluid, fetal blood, pleural fluid, tissue) from 303 abnormal pregnancies at risk for viral infection and 154 ... | 1998 | 9562961 |
| structural homology of the central conserved region of the attachment protein g of respiratory syncytial virus with the fourth subdomain of 55-kda tumor necrosis factor receptor. | the attachment protein g of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has a modular architecture. the ectodomain of the protein comprises a small folded conserved region which is bounded by two mucin-like regions. in this study, a sequence and structural homology is described between this central conserved region of rsv-g and the fourth subdomain of the 55-kda tumor necrosis factor receptor (tnfr). the three-dimensional structures of rsv-g and human tnfr were previously determined with nmr spectroscopy ... | 1998 | 9568029 |
| cell-specific expression of rantes, mcp-1, and mip-1alpha by lower airway epithelial cells and eosinophils infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of acute bronchiolitis in infancy, a syndrome characterized by wheezing, respiratory distress, and the pathologic findings of peribronchial mononuclear cell infiltration and release of inflammatory mediators by basophil and eosinophil leukocytes. composition and activation of this cellular response are thought to rely on the discrete target cell selectivity of c-c chemokines. we demonstrate that infection in vitro of human epithelial cells of ... | 1998 | 9573240 |
| the major component of ikappabalpha proteolysis occurs independently of the proteasome pathway in respiratory syncytial virus-infected pulmonary epithelial cells. | previously we showed that infection of human type ii airway epithelial (a549) cells with purified respiratory syncytial virus (prsv) induced interleukin-8 transcription by a mechanism involving cytokine-inducible cytoplasmic-nuclear translocation of the rela transcription factor. in unstimulated cells, rela is tethered in the cytoplasm by association with the ikappab inhibitor and can be released only following ikappab degradation. in this study, we examined the spectrum of ikappab isoform expre ... | 1998 | 9573251 |
| simultaneous detection and identification of human parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, and 3 from clinical samples by multiplex pcr. | reverse transcription (rt)-pcr assays have been widely described for use in the diagnosis of human parainfluenza viruses (hpivs) and other respiratory virus pathogens. however, these assays are mostly monospecific, requiring separate amplifications for each hpiv type. in the present work, we describe multiplex rt-pcr assays that detect and differentiate hpiv serotypes 1, 2, and 3 in a combined reaction. specifically, a mixture of three pairs of primers to conserved regions of the hemagglutinin-n ... | 1998 | 9574711 |
| sustaining membership lecture award. dogma, the shade that blinds. | at the heart of medical science is the responsibility for investigators and practitioners to use the scientific method to seek and apply new knowledge to better understand the mechanisms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. at times it is difficult to differentiate hypothesis or speculation from documented fact. this essay describes an episode in human biology and medicine in which authoritative speculation evolved into dogma and impeded investigators' proper interpretation of data ... | 1998 | 9575775 |
| concomitant viral and bordetella pertussis infections in infants. | 1998 | 9576398 | |
| risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus associated apnoea. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are characterized by upper or lower respiratory tract symptoms including bronchiolitis and pneumonia. apnoea may be the first sign of disease in children with rsv infection. the aims of this study were the identification of independent risk factors for rsv associated apnoea and the prediction of the risk for mechanical ventilation in children with rsv associated apnoea. medical records of children younger than 12 months of age admitted with rsv infect ... | 1998 | 9578972 |
| [acute respiratory infections in pediatric intensive care units. a multicenter prospective study]. | the purpose of this study was to know the etiology, clinical background, treatment an evolution of severe infectious diseases in children admitted to pediatric intensive care units (picus). | 1998 | 9580512 |
| inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, hepatitis a virus, respiratory syncytial virus, vaccinia virus, herpes simplex virus type 1, and poliovirus type 2 by hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilization. | studies were conducted to determine the capability of a hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilization process to inactivate several types of viruses. six test agents were used: hiv type 1, human hepatitis a virus, respiratory syncytial virus, vaccinia, herpes simplex virus type 1, and poliovirus type 2. | 1998 | 9584802 |
| prevalence of antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea virus and other viruses in bulk tank milk in england and wales. | bulk tank milk samples from 1070 dairy herds in england and wales were tested by elisa for antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv). a subset of 341 herds was tested by elisa for antibodies to bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and bovine coronavirus (bcv). none of the herds had less than 40 dairy cows and none had been vaccinated against bvdv. the prevalence of bvdv antibody-positive herds in the national population was estimated at 95 per cent and ... | 1998 | 9586130 |
| [usefulness of etiologic studies in children hospitalized for pneumonia]. | the aims of this study were: 1) to assess the effectiveness of viral culture and serology. 2) to check if there are clinical differences between patients with viral or bacterial infections. 3) assessment of treatment, previous to and during the hospital stay. | 1997 | 9586290 |
| bradyarrhythmia and supraventricular tachycardia in a neonate with rsv. | respiratory syncytial virus infection is the most common cause of hospital admissions in children under 1 year of age. various cardiac dysrrhythmias have been reported to be associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection. we report a case where both tachyarrhythmia and bradyarrhythmia occurred within the same illness. paediatricians need to be aware of this association. | 1998 | 9588650 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-infected pulmonary epithelial cells induce eosinophil degranulation by a cd18-mediated mechanism. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced bronchiolitis in infants is characterized by wheezing, respiratory distress, and the histologic findings of necrosis and sloughing of airway epithelium. high concentrations of eosinophil cationic protein (ecp), a cytotoxic protein contained in the granules of eosinophils, have been found in the airways of rsv-infected infants. the mechanisms of eosinophil degranulation in vivo remain largely unknown. since rsv-infected respiratory epithelial cells are a ... | 1998 | 9590236 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-immunoglobulin intravenous (rsv-igiv) for respiratory syncytial viral infections: part ii. | 1998 | 9592442 | |
| activator protein-1 is the preferred transcription factor for cooperative interaction with nuclear factor-kappab in respiratory syncytial virus-induced interleukin-8 gene expression in airway epithelium. | the role of "oxidant-sensitive" transcription factors activator protein (ap)-1, nuclear factor (nf)-kappab, and nf-il6 in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced interleukin (il)-8 gene expression in a549 epithelial cells was evaluated. rsv infection resulted in increased binding of each of these transcription factors. transfection of a549 cells with plasmids containing serial truncations of the 5'-flanking region of the il-8 gene revealed a positive cooperative effect of the binding sites for ... | 1998 | 9593012 |
| high prevalence of "simkania z," a novel chlamydia-like bacterium, in infants with acute bronchiolitis. | the newly described microorganism "simkania z" ("z"), an obligate intracellular, penicillin-resistant microorganism most closely related to the chlamydiae, has been associated with adult community-acquired pneumonia. the possible involvement of "z" in bronchiolitis in infants was examined in a prospective study of 239 infants with bronchiolitis and 78 controls. other potential etiologic agents sought were respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), adenovirus, and cytomegalovirus. evidence for the presen ... | 1998 | 9593040 |
| continuous non-seasonal epidemic of respiratory syncytial virus infection in the southeast united states. | this study was done to define the seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) epidemics in the southeastern united states. | 1998 | 9598849 |
| antiviral phenylpropanoid glycosides from the medicinal plant markhamia lutea. | three new phenylpropanoid glycosides, named luteoside a (3), luteoside b (4), and luteoside c (5), were isolated together with the known compounds verbascoside (1) and isoverbascoside (2) from the roots of the medicinal plant markhamia lutea. the structures of the new compounds were determined to be 1-o-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl beta-d-apiofuranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->3)-4-o- caffeo yl-6-acetyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside, 1-o-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl beta-d-apiofuranosyl(1-->2)-a ... | 1998 | 9599250 |
| rsv-ig (respigam). | 1998 | 9601353 | |
| human respiratory syncytial virus produces prolonged alterations of neural control in airways of developing ferrets. | a dysfunction of pathways that normally cause contraction or relaxation of airways has been proposed to explain heightened levels of responsiveness produced by various insults to the airway. for example, we previously reported (4) that infection of cotton rats with the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) leads to a significant decrease in an airway's nonadrenergic noncholinergic inhibitory (nanci) response shortly after the infection. in the present study we addressed the more chronic effec ... | 1998 | 9603130 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants hospitalized with respiratory illness in northern jordan. | during the winter seasons of 1993 and 1994, a total of 256 nasopharyngeal aspirates (npa) from infants aged less than 1 year old admitted to the pediatric ward of princess rahma hospital, northern jordan, with bronchiolitis and/or pneumonia, were tested for the presence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) using direct immunofluorescence assay (dfa) and cell culture (cc). of the 256 specimens, 129 (50 per cent) were found positive by both dfa and cc, whereas 24 specimens (9 per cent) and 16 spec ... | 1998 | 9604597 |
| viral aetiology and epidemiology of acute respiratory infections in hospitalized saudi children. | a total of 1429 saudi children of either sex and under 5 years of age who were admitted to king khalid university hospital, riyadh during a three year period (april 1993-march 1996) with complaints suggestive of acute respiratory tract infections (arti) were investigated for viral aetiology of the infection. viruses could be detected in 522 (37 per cent) cases with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) the most commonly detected (79 per cent) followed by parainfluenza type 3 (8 per cent). detection ... | 1998 | 9604599 |
| comparison of dna application methods to reduce brsv shedding in cattle. | we compared the protection afforded by three different dna application methods against bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) infection in cattle. a synthetic gene that codes for the g protein of brsv was inserted into a eukaryotic vector and was used in the vaccine. intradermal (i.d.) application with a needleless injector (ni), the pigjet, reduced brsv excretion significantly better after brsv challenge than intramuscular (i.m.) or i.d. vaccination with a needle. serum antibodies against th ... | 1998 | 9607020 |
| recombinant human eosinophil-derived neurotoxin/rnase 2 functions as an effective antiviral agent against respiratory syncytial virus. | a dose-dependent decrease in infectivity was observed on introduction of eosinophils into suspensions of respiratory syncytial virus group b (rsv-b). this antiviral effect was reversed by ribonuclease inhibitor, suggesting a role for the eosinophil secretory ribonucleases. recombinant eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (rhedn), the major eosinophil ribonuclease, promoted a dose-dependent decrease in rsv-b infectivity, with a 40-fold reduction observed in response to 50 nm rhedn. ribonucleolytically i ... | 1998 | 9607820 |
| eliminating a region of respiratory syncytial virus attachment protein allows induction of protective immunity without vaccine-enhanced lung eosinophilia. | in a murine model of respiratory syncytial virus disease, prior sensitization to the attachment glycoprotein (g) leads to pulmonary eosinophilia and enhanced illness. three different approaches were taken to dissect the region of g responsible for enhanced disease and protection against challenge. first, mutant viruses, containing frameshifts that altered the cooh terminus of the g protein, were used to challenge mice sensitized by scarification with recombinant vaccinia virus (rvv) expressing w ... | 1998 | 9607931 |
| [central nervous system lesions in fetuses and newborns in intrauterine infection caused by respiratory viruses]. | congenital respiratory viral infection is followed in the cns of fetuses and newborns by grave dyscirculatory disturbances with glia proliferation and nervous tissue edema. the process is mainly localized in the periventricular regions of the brain ventricles. neurologic and morphologic consequences of these damages in the cns of fetuses and newborns need further studies. | 1998 | 9612506 |
| cl387626 exhibits marked and unusual antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus in tissue culture and in cotton rats. | cl387626 (4,4'-bis[4,6-di[3-aminophenyl-n,n-bis(2-carbamoylethyl)-sulfon ilimino]-1,3,5-triazine-2-ylamino-bi-phenyl-2,2'-disulfonic acid, disodium salt), a compound synthesized by wyeth-ayerst research laboratories, was tested for its cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in tissue culture and in cotton rats. the median cell inhibitory (ic50) and median efficacious (ec50) concentrations of cl387626 against rsv in proliferating hep2 or vero tissue culture ... | 1998 | 9614002 |
| vaccination against middle-ear bacterial and viral pathogens. | considerable evidence suggests that otitis media (om) can be prevented by systemic immunization. building on the highly effective h. influenzae type b (hib) conjugate vaccine technology, pneumococcal conjugate vaccines are being developed to circumvent t-independence of these antigens and provide durable immunity at a very young age. several pneumococcal conjugate vaccines are currently in clinical testing. potential vaccine antigens of nontypable h. influenzae (nthi) include omp, hmw, pili, and ... | 1997 | 9616694 |
| interactions between cellular actin and human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv). | actin the main component of the cellular microfilament network, is present in human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) purified virions, as an internal component. this fact and the results of immunoprecipitation studies indicate that during hrsv infection in hep-2 cells there are interactions between cellular actin and viral components, that can promote a transitory increase in the polymerization of synthetized actin, mainly of the beta isotype. this increased actin polymerization can be related ... | 1998 | 9617766 |
| peripheral blood t and b lymphocyte subpopulations in infants with acute respiratory syncytial virus brochiolitis. | most data concerning immunopathogenetic mechanisms involved in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection are derived from animal studies. in infants with rsv bronchiolitis the target organ i.e. the airway is hard to explore. we looked for specific alterations in peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in infants hospitalized for rsv bronchiolitis. flow cytometric analysis with a large panel of monoclonals was performed on peripheral blood lymphocytes in thirty-two infants (mean age: 4.9 mon ... | 1997 | 9617780 |
| gammadelta t cells present antigen to cd4+ alphabeta t cells. | gammadelta and alphabeta tcr+ t cells share many properties and their interactions are likely to be coordinated and regulated. we provide evidence that cattle gammadelta t cells are able to present antigen to cd4+ t cells. to help elucidate their function gammadelta t cell lines were propagated for extensive characterization. cells expressed high levels of mhc class ii and production of co-stimulatory molecules as evidenced by the binding of a ctla-4 fusion protein and synthesis of cd80 transcri ... | 1998 | 9620663 |
| persistent activation of rela by respiratory syncytial virus involves protein kinase c, underphosphorylated ikappabbeta, and sequestration of protein phosphatase 2a by the viral phosphoprotein. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) activated the rela (p65) subunit of nuclear factor kappa b (nf-kappab) over many hours postinfection. the initial activation coincided with phosphorylation and degradation of ikappabalpha, the cytoplasmic inhibitor of rela. during persistent activation of nf-kappab at later times in infection, syntheses of inhibitors ikappabalpha as well as ikappabbeta were restored. however, the resynthesized ikappabbeta was in an underphosphorylated state, which apparently pre ... | 1998 | 9621019 |
| identification of the respiratory syncytial virus proteins required for formation and passage of helper-dependent infectious particles. | we developed a system to identify the viral proteins required for the packaging and passage of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) by reconstructing these events with cdna-encoded components. plasmids encoding individual rsv proteins, each under the control of a t7 promoter, were cotransfected in various combinations together with a plasmid containing a minigenome into cells infected with a vaccinia virus recombinant expressing t7 rna polymerase. supernatants from these cells were passaged o ... | 1998 | 9621029 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in tropical and developing countries. | little is known about the epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in tropical and developing countries; the data currently available have been reviewed. in most studies, rsv was found to be the predominant viral cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections (alri) in childhood, being responsible for 27-96% of hospitalised cases (mean 65%) in which a virus was found. rsv infection is seasonal in most countries; outbreaks occur most frequently in the cold season in areas wi ... | 1998 | 9623927 |
| seroepidemiological study of respiratory syncytial virus in são paulo state, brazil. | transmission of respiratory syncytial virus is thought to be highly seasonal based on reported clinical cases, although transmission resulting in mild disease in all age groups has been little studied. this has been investigated in a seroepidemiological survey using sera from são paulo, brazil. seroprevalence was found to increase rapidly with age, reaching over 90% by three years of age. this is typical of viral infections, which produce life-long immunity following primary infection. one-hundr ... | 1998 | 9624612 |
| cytokine expression in pulmonary and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from calves infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | the possible involvement of cytokines in the acute viral pneumonia induced by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection was studied in calves. the patterns of cytokine mrna expression in mononuclear cells (mnc) isolated from the lung and peripheral blood of six gnotobiotic calves infected seven days previously with bovine rsv were analysed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction using primers specific for bovine cytokines. the pattern of cytokines detected indicated a mixed type of ... | 1998 | 9625474 |
| immune reconstitution and viral infections after stem cell transplantation. | viral infections are important in sct patients. different viruses are challenges for the physician at different times after transplantation due to changing defects in the immune status of the patients. infections with respiratory viruses in particular respiratory syncytial virus are important early after transplant but the knowledge about epidemiology, risk factors, and treatment is still limited. parainfluenza and influenza viruses can also cause severe and sometimes fatal infections after sct. ... | 1998 | 9630332 |
| the ectodomains but not the transmembrane domains of the fusion proteins of subtypes a and b avian pneumovirus are conserved to a similar extent as those of human respiratory syncytial virus. | the fusion glycoprotein (f(b)) gene of five strains of the b subtype of avian pneumovirus (apv; turkey rhinotracheitis virus) has been sequenced. the length of the f(b) protein was 538 amino acids, identical to that of the f protein of subtype a virus, with which it had 74% and 83% overall nucleotide and deduced amino acid identities, respectively. the f(b) and f(a) ectodomains had 90% amino acid identity, very similar to the 91% identity between the ectodomains of the f proteins of subtype a an ... | 1998 | 9634080 |
| identification of regions of bovine respiratory syncytial virus n protein required for binding to p protein and self-assembly. | the interaction of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) nucleocapsid protein (n) with itself and phosphoprotein (p) was investigated using the yeast two-hybrid system. n-p interaction was abolished by any of a series of internal deletions or deletions at the c terminus. in contrast, removal of up to 32 amino acids from the n terminus had little effect. interestingly, while removal of the c-terminal 32 amino acids ablated interaction, it was largely restored by a second deletion removing up ... | 1998 | 9634081 |
| rapid simultaneous diagnosis of infections with respiratory syncytial viruses a and b, influenza viruses a and b, and human parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, and 3 by multiplex quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-enzyme hybridization assay (hexaplex). | a multiplex quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-enzyme hybridization assay (hexaplex; prodesse, milwaukee) was developed and used to rapidly detect and quantitate rna of respiratory syncytial viruses a and b, influenza viruses a and b, and human parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, and 3 in nasal wash specimens in a single test. primers and probes originated from highly conserved regions of each viral genome. six and a half primer pairs were mixed for the simultaneous detecti ... | 1998 | 9636869 |
| the effects of virus-specific antibodies on the replication of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in vitro and on clinical disease and immune responses in lambs. | low concentrations of antibodies, specific to human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) have been shown to enhance virus replication in human monocytic cell lines by several workers. in the present study, replication of bovine rsv in ovine peripheral blood monocytes was shown to be enhanced in the presence of low concentration of bovine rsv-specific antibodies. antibodies had no enhancing effect on virus replication in secondary lamb testis cells or monocytic cell lines derived from peripheral blo ... | 1998 | 9643456 |
| acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus among hospitalized children from argentina. | acute lower respiratory infection (alri) is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in small children. | 1998 | 9645999 |
| replication of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in bovine and ovine peripheral blood lymphocytes and monocytes and monocytic cell lines. | the present study compared the replication of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) in bovine and ovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells, ovine and bovine monocytic cell lines and ovine alveolar macrophages. low titres of virus were detected in ovine and bovine lymphocytes and monocytes 24-96 h post-exposure to the virus but there was no apparent replication of the virus in ovine alveolar macrophages during the culture period. the virus replicated to higher but statistically insignificant ... | 1998 | 9646474 |
| eosinophil cationic protein/rnase 3 is another rnase a-family ribonuclease with direct antiviral activity. | eosinophil cationic protein (ecp) is one of two rnase a-superfamily ribonucleases found in secretory granules of human eosinophilic leukocytes. although the physiologic function of eosinophils [and thus of the two eosinophil ribonucleases, ecp and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (edn)] remains controversial, we have recently shown that isolated human eosinophils promote ribonuclease-dependent toxicity toward extracellular virions of the single-stranded rna virus, respiratory syncytial virus, group ... | 1998 | 9649619 |
| induction, duration, and resolution of airway goblet cell hyperplasia in a murine model of atopic asthma: effect of concurrent infection with respiratory syncytial virus and response to dexamethasone. | we recently described a murine model of atopic asthma in which a marked, extensive hyperplasia of airway goblet cells is induced by repeated challenge of ovalbumin (oa)-sensitized mice with intratracheally administered allergen (am. j. respir. cell mol. biol. 1996;14:425-438). we report here the time course of the duration of this feature and of its spontaneous resolution in the absence of further allergen exposure. induction of severe neutrophilic inflammation in the airways by repeated intratr ... | 1998 | 9651179 |
| isolation of the respiratory syncytial virus from a patient with pneumonia, by daniel s. rowe, md, and richard h. michaels, md, pediatrics, 1960;26:623-629. | 1998 | 9651438 | |
| in-vitro studies on mechanisms of immunosuppression associated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) depressed the proliferative reactivity of normal ovine peripheral blood lymphocytes to phytohaemagglutinin (pha). this brsv-induced reduction in proliferative reactivity was not reversed or ameliorated by the addition of (1) indomethacin or flunixin meglumine, substances known to inhibit the production of prostaglandins, or (2) the cytokines, interleukin-1 (il-1) and interleukin-2 (il-2), or (3) rat growth factor. the results suggest that the suppression ... | 1998 | 9651810 |
| the effects of bovine respiratory syncytial virus on the phagocytic and antigen-presenting capacity of peripheral blood monocytes and monocytic cell lines derived from lambs and calves. | human respiratory syncytial virus and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) suppress lymphocyte responses to mitogens. in the present study, the possible effects of brsv on some functions of antigen-presenting cells (apc) were investigated by exposing ovine monocytic cells to the virus before their use as apc. the depletion of monocytes from peripheral blood mononuclear cells resulted in the near total abrogation of proliferative responses to phytohaemagglutinin (pha). reactivity was restore ... | 1998 | 9651811 |
| influence of il-12 on interferon-gamma production by bovine leucocyte subsets in response to bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | the cytokine il-12 is a key molecule in the regulation of cd4+ t cell development and specifically potentiates the development of t helper 1 responses in mouse and man. however the biological effects mediated by bovine il-12 have not been defined in cattle. to produce the expression of the two mature proteins a polyprotein approach was used. this system is employed by positive strand viruses and encodes both products from a single open reading frame (orf). the 2a region of foot-and-mouth disease ... | 1998 | 9656442 |
| antigenic structure of human respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein. | new series of escape mutants of human respiratory syncytial virus were prepared with monoclonal antibodies specific for the fusion (f) protein. sequence changes selected in the escape mutants identified two new antigenic sites (v and vi) recognized by neutralizing antibodies and a group-specific site (i) in the f1 chain of the f molecule. the new epitopes, and previously identified antigenic sites, were incorporated into a refined prediction of secondary-structure motifs to generate a detailed a ... | 1998 | 9658147 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-induced interleukin-4 production by human conjunctival epithelial cells contributes to allergy: preliminary study. | we previously reported allergic conjunctivitis was associated with a local pattern of cytokines and identified respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in the conjunctival epithelium, in patients with allergic conjunctivitis. we hypothesized that rsv infected the normal conjunctival epithelium and produced interleukin-4 (il-4), causing an allergic reaction. to determine this event, we studied production of il-4 by human conjunctival epithelial cells, after infection with rsv. | 1998 | 9663856 |
| respiratory syncytial virus vaccines. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of viral lower respiratory tract illness (lri) in infants and children worldwide and causes significant lri in the elderly and in immunocompromised patients. the goal of rsv vaccination is to prevent serious rsv-associated lri. there are several obstacles to the development of successful rsv vaccines, including the need to immunize very young infants, who may respond inadequately to vaccination; the existence of two antigenically dist ... | 1998 | 9665976 |
| novel and specific respiratory syncytial virus inhibitors that target virus fusion. | 1998 | 9667956 | |
| t cell subset analysis in peripheral blood of children with rsv bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis is partially an immune-mediated disease in which rsv-specific t cells play a predominant role. the peripheral blood t cell response was studied in patients with rsv bronchiolitis in order to detect evidence for t cell redistribution during natural rsv infection and if so, which subsets are involved. 18 patients with rsv bronchiolitis and 13 control patients were studied. the white blood cell count, the number of t cells and t cell subsets in blood ... | 1998 | 9670363 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-induced rantes production from human bronchial epithelial cells is dependent on nuclear factor-kappa b nuclear binding and is inhibited by adenovirus-mediated expression of inhibitor of kappa b alpha. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is an important cause of lower respiratory tract illness, the severity of which may be partly due to cellular recruitment. rsv infection activates chemokine secretion from airway epithelial cells by largely unknown mechanisms. we investigated the regulation of rsv-induced activation of the chemokine rantes in the bronchial epithelial cell line beas-2b and primary normal human tracheobronchial epithelial cultures. rantes protein and mrna were detected a ... | 1998 | 9670982 |
| severe respiratory syncytial virus pulmonary infection in a patient treated with fludarabine for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. | fludarabine phosphate is currently proposed for the treatment of refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (cll). cd4 t-lymphocyte depletion, myelosuppression, and subsequent severe infections are the major side effects of fludarabine phosphate therapy. we report here on a heretofore undescribed respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in a patient with a long-standing history of refractory cll that was treated with fludarabine phosphate. the patient developed a severe infection of the upper an ... | 1998 | 9671138 |
| potent inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus replication using a 2-5a-antisense chimera targeted to signals within the virus genomic rna. | the 2-5a system is a recognized mechanistic component of the antiviral action of interferon. interferon-induced 2-5a synthetase generates 2-5a, which, in turn, activates the latent constitutive rnase l that degrades viral rna. chemical conjugation of 2-5a to an antisense oligonucleotide can target the 2-5a-dependent rnase l to the antisense-specified rna and effect its selective destruction. such a 2-5a-antisense chimera (nih351) has been developed that targets a consensus sequence within the re ... | 1998 | 9671772 |
| antibody responses against epitopes on the f protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus differ in infected or vaccinated cattle. | the fusion protein f of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is an important target for humoral and cellular immune responses, and antibodies against the f protein have been associated with protection. however, the f protein can induce antibodies with different biological activity, possibly related to distinct antigenic regions on the protein. therefore, epitopes were mapped on the f protein using monoclonal antibodies. two epitopes (a and b) were identified that induced neutralizing antibo ... | 1997 | 9672586 |
| role of individual n-linked oligosaccharide chains and different regions of bovine respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein in cell surface transport. | the role of n-linked glycosylation and various domains of the fusion (f) protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus strain a51908 during transport to the cell surface were determined by mutating the four glycosylation sites and by constructing various truncation mutants. the cell surface expression of various mutant proteins was detected by surface immunofluorescence and cell surface biotinylation assay. we found that the glycosylation at positions gly1, gly2, gly3, and a truncation mutant wi ... | 1997 | 9672596 |
| serological indication for persistence of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in cattle and attempts to detect the virus. | to identify putative persistent bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) infections in cattle, seven cattle that had experienced brsv infections were treated with corticosteroids for two periods of 5 days. during the 5-day periods and the 3 weeks after treatment, attempts were made to isolate brsv from lung lavage fluid and nasal swab specimens. fluorescent antibody tests were used to detect brsv antigen in lung lavage cells. a brsv specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed, ... | 1997 | 9672628 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and human bronchial epithelium. | a suitable model for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection has yet to be developed. | 1998 | 9677113 |
| differential patterns of circulating adhesion molecules in children with bronchial asthma and acute bronchiolitis. | the object of the study was to assess the levels of circulating forms of the cellular adhesion molecules icam-1, vcam-1, e-selectin, l-selectin and p-selectin in young children with asthma and acute bronchiolitis. thirty-nine children aged 12 to 84 months with mild or moderate asthma were studied at admission for acute asthma (n = 15) or in a stable phase (n = 24). ten of the children with acute asthma were seen again after one month. twenty-two children aged 1 to 17 months with acute bronchioli ... | 1998 | 9677602 |
| abundant ifn-gamma production by local t cells in respiratory syncytial virus-induced eosinophilic lung disease. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a frequent cause of severe lung disease in young children. primed t cells are required for virus clearance, but are causally implicated in the enhanced pathology seen following rsv infection of some infants and experimental animals vaccinated against the virus. in balb/c mice, vaccination with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the viral attachment protein (g) leads to pulmonary eosinophilia during subsequent infection, which indirect evidence suggests may ... | 1998 | 9680139 |
| resistance to bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) induced in calves by a recombinant bovine herpesvirus-1 expressing the attachment glycoprotein of brsv. | the ability of a bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) recombinant expressing the g protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) to protect against brsv infection was examined in calves. a synthetic g gene was inserted behind the ge promoter of bhv-1 to give a ge-negative, bhv-1/g recombinant. gnotobiotic calves, vaccinated intranasally and intratracheally with bhv-1/g were challenged 6 weeks later with the snook strain of brsv. as controls, calves were vaccinated with a ge-negative mutant of bhv ... | 1998 | 9680140 |
| immune response to baculovirus expressed protein fragment amino acids 190-289 of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion protein. | at least two neutralizing epitopes have been identified in the amino acid (aa) sequence 190-289 of the rsv fusion protein. the authors expressed this region in insect cells (bf190-289) and compared the immune response to bf190-289 with that induced by baculovirus expressed full-length fusion protein (bf). as with bf, mice primed with bf190-289 produced exclusively antibodies of igg1 isotype, generated neutralizing antibodies, reduced significantly the virus titer (about a half log10 reduction) a ... | 1998 | 9682369 |
| vaccination with glutaraldehyde-fixed bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv)-infected cells stimulates a better immune response in lambs than vaccination with heat-inactivated cell-free brsv. | the lamb model was used to investigate the possible protective effects of vaccination with inactivated viral antigens against experimental infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus. two groups of eight lambs were vaccinated with either glutaraldehyde-inactivated cell-associated virus or heat-inactivated cell-free virus and subsequently challenged with live virus, along with a group of naive lambs. the virus was shed for significantly longer periods, and the virus titres in nasal secretio ... | 1998 | 9682376 |
| a bovine model of vaccine enhanced respiratory syncytial virus pathophysiology. | a critical issue has been the observation that vaccination of children with a formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine is associated with disease enhancement. we have taken advantage of bovine rsv and our experience with this disease in calves to develop a natural model that parallels human disease. using formalin-inactivated bovine rsv vaccine calves were either sham-vaccinated/infected, vaccinated/infected, or vaccinated/sham-infected and their clinical signs, pulmonary f ... | 1998 | 9682383 |
| detection of rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and coronavirus infections in acute otitis media by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. | to determine the frequencies of human rhinovirus (hrv), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and coronavirus (hcv) infection in children with acute otitis media (aom). | 1998 | 9685428 |
| serum interleukin-6 in bacterial and nonbacterial acute otitis media. | increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a serious clinical problem that calls for reduction of unnecessary use of antibiotics. acute otitis media (aom) is the most common reason for antibiotic therapy in the united states. approximately 30% of aom cases do not have a bacterial etiology. rapid identification of these cases could help withhold unnecessary antibiotic treatment. | 1998 | 9685429 |
| [application of the polymerase chain reaction for detecting respiratory syncytial virus]. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was developed in order to identify the respiratory syncytial virus by using the reference strain. the high sensitivity and specificity obtained show the pcr utility for detecting the rsv genoma and its application on the diagnosis. | 1997 | 9685955 |
| [evaluation of a mouse anti-igg-fluorescein conjugate using indirect immunofluorescence and flow cytometry techniques]. | an immunoglobulin g of mouse was purified from sera by affinity chromatography in protein a. the rabbits whose sera were able to recognize the antigen injected by double immunodiffusion were immunized with this preparation. the antibodies were precipitated from the rabbit's serum and purified by ion exchange chromatography. this preparation was conjugated to fluorescin isothiocyanate according to the conventional technique. the conjugated obtained was evaluated with the reference strains of para ... | 1997 | 9685974 |
| costs and benefits of respiratory syncytial virus immunoglobulin to prevent hospitalization for lower respiratory tract illness in very low birth weight infants. | respiratory syncytial virus immunoglobulin intravenous (rsv-igiv) has been shown to reduce the risk of lower respiratory illness (lri) hospitalization in preterm infants and infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd). the purpose of this analysis was to estimate the economic costs and benefits of prophylaxis with rsv-igiv in these groups. | 1998 | 9686723 |
| a serologic study of organisms possibly associated with pertussis-like coughing. | to assess the frequency of serologic evidence for an infection with microorganisms other than bordetella pertussis in children with pertussis-like coughs. | 1998 | 9686733 |
| immune response of calves experimentally infected with non-cell-culture-passaged bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | the immune response of calves was studied following infection with non-cell-passaged bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv). two groups of 6 specific pathogen free (spf) calves were housed in separate isolation rooms. one group was inoculated intranasally with a non-cell-passaged brsv strain and the control group was mock-infected. a brsv specific antibody response was observed for all the brsv infected calves. these antibodies were shown to have neutralizing activity. no lymphocyte prolifera ... | 1998 | 9687869 |
| enzyme-linked immunoassay for respiratory syncytial virus is not predictive of bronchiolitis in sudden infant death syndrome. | although respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected infants may present with apnea, the role that rsv plays in sudden infant death syndrome (sids) is speculative. to determine whether rsv is associated with bronchiolitis in these patients, we examined histologic sections of lungs from 41 apparent sids cases and compared the results with those of enzyme-linked immunofluorescent assay (eia) from nasal washings. bronchiolitis was defined by a bronchiolar inflammatory cell infiltrate plus epithelial ... | 1998 | 9688761 |
| pasteurella haemolytica complicated respiratory infections in sheep and goats. | respiratory infections which commonly occur in sheep and goats often result from adverse physical and physiological stress combined with viral and bacterial infections. inevitably, pasteurella haemolytica pneumonia occurs as a result of these interactions. in this review, we present recent advances in research on the complex etiology of pneumonia involving p. haemolytica. initially stress, induced by factors such as heat, overcrowding, exposure to inclement weather, poor ventilation, handling an ... | 1998 | 9689740 |
| comparison of immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies and rt-pcr for the detection of human coronaviruses 229e and oc43 in cell culture. | human coronaviruses, with two known serogroups named 229e and oc43, cause up to one third of common colds and may be associated with serious diseases such as nosocomial respiratory infections, enterocolitis, pericarditis and neurological disorders. reliable methods of detection in clinical samples are needed for a better understanding of their role in pathology. as a first step in the design of such diagnostic procedures, the sensitivities and specificities of two viral diagnostic assays were co ... | 1998 | 9694322 |
| heparin-like structures on respiratory syncytial virus are involved in its infectivity in vitro. | addition of heparin to the virus culture inhibited syncytial plaque formation due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). moreover, pretreatment of the virus with heparinase or an inhibitor of heparin, protamine, greatly reduced virus infectivity. two anti-heparan sulfate antibodies stained rsv-infected cells, but not noninfected cells, by immunofluorescence. one of the antibodies was capable of neutralizing rsv infection in vitro. these results prove that heparin-like structures identified on rsv ... | 1998 | 9696816 |
| unusual antigenic and genetic characteristics of human respiratory syncytial viruses isolated in cuba. | the g protein of 23 strains of human respiratory syncytial virus isolated in havana, cuba, between october 1994 and january 1995 was analyzed at the antigenic and genetic level. all viruses reacted with 10 of 11 antibodies specific for the long strain. moreover, the g protein gene of the cuban isolates had only five nucleotide differences from the sequence of the long gene. the homogeneity of the cuban isolates and their resemblance to an ancient strain, such as long, are at odds with previous f ... | 1998 | 9696858 |
| interleukin-8 production by cystic fibrosis nasal epithelial cells after tumor necrosis factor-alpha and respiratory syncytial virus stimulation. | high levels of neutrophils and the neutrophil-attracting chemokine interleukin (il)-8 have been observed in the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). we hypothesized that cf respiratory epithelium produces excessive amounts of il-8 either at baseline or after stimulation. to test this hypothesis we compared immunoreactive il-8 release by primary nasal epithelial cell (nec) cultures established from young children with or without cf, at several time points after stimulation of cultures w ... | 1998 | 9698592 |
| standardizing the care of bronchiolitis. | to study the effect of an educational intervention on the management of hospitalized infants with bronchiolitis. | 1998 | 9701131 |
| risk of serious bacterial infections in infants with bronchiolitis. | 1998 | 9701147 | |
| a single nucleotide substitution in the transcription start signal of the m2 gene of respiratory syncytial virus vaccine candidate cpts248/404 is the major determinant of the temperature-sensitive and attenuation phenotypes. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) cpts248/404 is a live-attenuated, temperature-sensitive (ts) vaccine candidate derived from cole-passaged cprsv by two rounds of chemical mutagenesis and biological selection. previous sequence analysis showed that these two steps introduced three single nucleotide substitutions into the cprsv parent. two of these occurred with the coding sequence for the l protein, and each resulted in a single amino acid substitution: gin-831-leu (248 mutation) and asp-1183-gl ... | 1998 | 9705916 |
| protection against respiratory syncytial virus infection by dna immunization. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and the elderly and is a continuing challenge for vaccine development. a murine t helper cell (th) type 2 response associates with enhanced lung pathology, which has been observed in past infant trials using formalin-inactivated rsv vaccine. in this study, we have engineered an optimized plasmid dna vector expressing the rsv fusion (f) protein (dna-f). dna-f was as effective as live rsv in mice at induc ... | 1998 | 9705950 |
| rd6-2198, a novel betain-type fluoroalkylated oligomer, inhibits the replications of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and other enveloped viruses. | we have examined a novel betain-type fluoroalkylated oligomer, rd6-2198, for its inhibitory effects on the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) and other enveloped viruses, including herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2, respectively) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in cell cultures. we have found that the compound is a potent and selective inhibitor of these viruses. rd6-2198 inhibited the replication of hiv-1iiib at a concentration of 0.85 microg/ml w ... | 1998 | 9707376 |
| respiratory syncytial virus rna in cells from the peripheral blood during acute infection. | it is not known whether respiratory syncytial virus spreads beyond the respiratory tract. with the use of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, we found viral and transcribed rna in cells from the arterial blood of four children with bronchiolitis but none in serum or cerebrospinal fluid. respiratory syncytial virus might therefore spread outside the respiratory tract. | 1998 | 9709720 |
| bronchodilators and rsv-induced respiratory failure: agonizing about beta2 agonists. | 1998 | 9710273 | |
| aerosolized albuterol improves airway reactivity in infants with acute respiratory failure from respiratory syncytial virus. | the objective of this investigation was to measure the bronchodilator effect of aerosolized albuterol on infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced respiratory failure. infants who required intubation and mechanical ventilator support for rsv disease were eligible for this prospective, nonrandomized study. pulmonary function tests, including respiratory mechanics by least mean square analysis, small airway function by rapid thoraco-abdominal compression, and functional residual capac ... | 1998 | 9710275 |
| immune responses of infants to infection with respiratory viruses and live attenuated respiratory virus candidate vaccines. | respiratory viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the parainfluenza viruses (piv), and the influenza viruses cause severe lower respiratory tract diseases in infants and children throughout the world. experimental live attenuated vaccines for each of these viruses are being developed for intranasal administration in the first weeks or months of life. a variety of promising rsv, piv-3, and influenza virus vaccine strains have been developed by classical biological methods, evaluated ... | 1998 | 9711783 |
| maternal immunization against viral disease. | the protective effect of maternal antibody against many viral diseases has been recognized. the use of maternal immunization has been considered as a means to augment this protection in the young infant against disease. advantages of maternal immunization include the fact that young infants are most susceptible to infections but least responsive to vaccines, that pregnant women are accessible to medical care and respond well to vaccines, that igg antibodies cross the placenta well during the thi ... | 1998 | 9711788 |