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ultrastructural observation and gene expression profiling of schistosoma japonicum derived from two natural reservoir hosts, water buffalo and yellow cattle.water buffalo and yellow cattle are the two of the most important natural reservoir hosts for schistosoma japonicum in endemic areas of china, although their susceptibility differs, with water buffalo being less conducive to the growth and development of s. japonicum. results from the current study show that the general morphology and ultrastructure of adult schistosomes derived from the two hosts also differed. using high-throughput microarray technology, we also compared the gene expression pr ...201223110087
neuroschistosomiasis mansoni: literature review and guidelines.schistosomiasis is a tropical disease caused by worms of the genus schistosoma. it is endemic in the caribbean islands, the middle east, eastern asia, south america, and africa. in nonendemic areas, physicians should be aware of this condition in travelers returning from endemic areas and in immigrants. the main disease-causing species are schistosoma haematobium, schistosoma mansoni, and schistosoma japonicum. neuroschistosomiasis is an ectopic form of the disease that is mainly associated with ...201223114664
a mathematical model for the transmission of schistosoma japonicum in consideration of seasonal water level fluctuations of poyang lake in jiangxi, china.poyang lake, the largest fresh water lake in china, is the major transmission site of schistosoma japonicum in china. epidemics of schistosomiasis japonica have threatened the health of residents and stunted social-economic development there.201323127892
schistosoma japonicum soluble egg antigens attenuate ifn-γ-induced mhc class ii expression in raw 264.7 macrophages.innate immune response plays the key role in initiating and guiding the immune response. elucidating the innate immune related molecular events involved in the interaction between the parasite and the host will aid in the development of an effective vaccine and anti-schistosome pharmaceuticals. in this study, we examined the regulatory effect of schistosoma japonicum soluble egg antigen (sea) on mhc class ii expression in macrophage cell line raw 264.7. we demonstrated that sea possesses the abi ...201223152879
apoptosis phenomenon in the schistosomulum and adult worm life cycle stages of schistosoma japonicum.apoptosis is an important aspect of a number of biological processes, from embryogenesis to the stress-injury response. it plays a central role in balancing cell proliferation and tissue remodeling activity in many organisms. in the present study, apoptosis in 14 days post infection schistosomula was evaluated using tunel (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dutp nick-end labeling) assays and dapi staining. additionally, flow cytometry using the annexin v-fitc/propidium iodide (pi) (a ...201323159324
molecular cloning and characterization of schistosoma japonicum aldose reductase.antioxidant defense is an essential mechanism for schistosomes to cope with damage from host immune-generated reactive oxygen species. the evaluation of the effects of aldose reductase, an important enzyme that may be involved in this system, has long been neglected. in the present study, aldose reductase of schistosoma japonicum (sjar) was cloned and characterized. the activity of sjar was assessed in vitro and was suppressed by the reported inhibitor, epalrestat. rt-pcr analysis revealed that ...201323160889
modeling the combined influence of host dispersal and waterborne fate and transport on pathogen spread in complex landscapes.environmental models, often applied to questions on the fate and transport of chemical hazards, have recently become important in tracing certain environmental pathogens to their upstream sources of contamination. these tools, such as first order decay models applied to contaminants in surface waters, offer promise for quantifying the fate and transport of pathogens with multiple environmental stages and/or multiple hosts, in addition to those pathogens whose environmental stages are entirely wa ...201223162675
a novel procedure for precise quantification of schistosoma japonicum eggs in bovine feces.schistosomiasis japonica is a zoonosis with a number of mammalian species acting as reservoir hosts, including water buffaloes which can contribute up to 75% to human transmission in the people's republic of china. determining prevalence and intensity of schistosoma japonicum in mammalian hosts is important for calculating transmission rates and determining environmental contamination. a new procedure, the formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation-digestion (fea-sd) technique, for increased visualiza ...201223166847
cd36-related protein in schistosoma japonicum: candidate mediator of selective cholesteryl ester uptake from high-density lipoprotein for egg maturation.familial cholesteryl ester transfer protein (cetp) deficiency is more common in some east asian populations than elsewhere, suggesting the possibility of a selective advantage of this genetic defect against regional infectious diseases. historically, infection with the asian blood fluke schistosoma japonicum has been endemic in these regions, including japan. we previously reported that eggs of s. japonicum require cholesteryl ester uptake from normal high-density lipoprotein (hdl) but not from ...201323195036
effects of aibl on oncomelania hupensis, the intermediate snail host of schistosoma japonicum: an enzyme histochemical study.to explore the effect of aibl on oncomelania hupensis, the intermediate snail host of schistosoma japonicum.201223199715
the effects of health education on schistosomiasis japonica prevalence and relevant knowledge in the people's republic of china: a systematic review and meta-analysis.schistosomiasis japonica continues to be an important zoonotic disease in the people's republic of china (p.r. china), despite decades of dedicated control efforts. different interventions for its control including chemotherapy of humans and animals, mollusciciding, environmental modification, and health education have been implemented at various stages of the control efforts and in different combinations, resulting in remarkable achievements. here, we present a systematic review and meta-analys ...201323201566
factors impacting on progress towards elimination of transmission of schistosomiasis japonica in china.over the past decades china has made a great stride in controlling schistosomiasis, eliminating transmission of schistosoma japonicum in 5 provinces and remarkably reducing transmission intensities in the rest of the seven endemic provinces. recently, an integrated control strategy, which focuses on interventions on humans and bovines, has been implemented throughout endemic areas in china. this strategy assumes that a reduction in transmission of s. japonicum from humans and bovines to the inte ...201223206326
[distribution of niclosamide spreading oil on water surface and its efficacy against cercariae of schistosoma japonicum].to investigate the distribution and spreading speed of niclosamide spreading oil, as well as its effect against cercariae of schistosoma japonicum.201223236786
[cloning, expression and immune function analysis of a gene encoding inositol monophosphate in schistosoma japonicum].to clone and express a full-length cdna encoding inositol monophosphate of schistosoma japonicum (sjim), and to access its immunoprotection in balb/c mice for schistosomisis.201223236791
[identification and preliminary analysis of a novel full-length cdna encoding retinoid x receptor 2 from schistosoma japonicum].to clone and preliminarily analyze the full-length cdna encoding retinoid x receptor 2 (rxr2) from schistosoma japonicum.201223236794
[comparison of collagen fiber staining between van-gieson staining and masson trichrome staining of hepatic specimens in mice with schistosoma japonicum infection].to compare the effects of collagen fiber staining between van-gieson staining and masson trichrome staining of hepatic specimens in mice with schistosoma japonicum infection.201223236801
[progress of technology of pumping water at middle level of water body to prevent oncomelania snail spreading].oncomelania hupensis snail is the only intermediate host of schistosoma japonicum. blocking the spread of the snails can effectively prevent and control the transmission of schistosomiasis. based on the survival conditions and migration characteristics of the snails in the water, the technology of pumping water at the middle level of water body can effectively prevent the spreading of snails. this paper reviews the current researches on the spreading trend of snails in china, characteristics of ...201223236808
schistosome egg antigens elicit a proinflammatory response by trophoblast cells of the human placenta.schistosomiasis affects nearly 40 million women of reproductive age. many of these women are infected while pregnant and lactating. several studies have demonstrated transplacental trafficking of schistosome antigens; however, little is known regarding how these antigens affect the developing fetus and placenta. to evaluate the impact of schistosomiasis on trophoblasts of the human placenta, we isolated primary trophoblast cells from healthy placentas delivered at term. these trophoblasts were p ...201323250950
localization and expression profiling of a 31 kda antigenic repetitive protein sjp_0110390 in schistosoma japonicum life stages.sj7tr is a 13 kda repetitive region of a 31 kda protein in schistosoma japonicum known as sjp_0110390 that showed high sensitivity and specificity in antibody detection against schistosomiasis patients. however, the current database for s. japonicum genes characterized it only as an expressed protein. a more thorough understanding of this antigenic protein is therefore necessary to possibly give more information about the nature of this protein and its role in the parasite. in this study, immuno ...201323254201
tio2-based phosphoproteomic analysis of schistosomes: characterization of phosphorylated proteins in the different stages and sex of schistosoma japonicum.protein phosphorylation is an important posttranslational modification in many organisms that regulates numerous cellular processes. however, it remains poorly characterized in schistosomes, the causative agent of schistosomiasis in humans and related animals. in the present study, we characterized phosphorylated proteins in different stages and sex of schistosoma japonicum (s. japonicum) including schistosomula (14 days), adult females (35 days), and adult males (35 days) by a titanium dioxide ...201323259596
prevalence of schistosoma japonicum in wild rodents in five islands of the west dongting lake, china.to estimate the prevalence of schistosoma japonicum in field rodents, we conducted surveys of s. japonicum infection on 5 islands in the west dongting lake, china: julinyuan, jiangjiazui, longwangmiao, goutouzhou, and niujiaojian. thirty-five rattus flavipectus, 43 rattus norvegicus, 42 rattus rattus , and 48 microtus fortis were captured and examined from july to august 2011. schistosoma japonicum was found in the 3 rat species but not in the vole m. fortis . no statistically significant differ ...201323259921
immunoproteomics identification of major ige and igg4 reactive schistosoma japonicum adult worm antigens using chronically infected human plasma.immunoepidemiological studies from endemic areas have revealed age-dependent resistance correlation with increased level of ige and decreased level of igg4 antibodies in responses to schistosomes' soluble worm antigen. however, there have been limited studies on analyses of major antigens that provoke ige and igg4 immune response during chronic stage of schistosomiasis. in this study, for the first time, immunoproteomics approach has been applied to identify s. japonicum worm antigens in liquid ...201223264728
proteomics analysis of differentially expressed proteins in schistosomula and adult worms of schistosoma japonicum.schistosoma japonicum has a complex lifecycle and exhibits dramatic changes in its biology and morphology at different developmental stages. the schistosomulum and adult worm are two stages of this complex lifecycle and differentially expressed proteins in these two stages should be important for survival, development, and reproduction of the parasites. in this study, soluble and hydrophobic proteins were extracted from eggs, cercariae, schistosomula (8d and 19d), and male and female adult worms ...201223270889
a boswellic acid-containing extract attenuates hepatic granuloma in c57bl/6 mice infected with schistosoma japonicum.granuloma formation has been shown to be induced and elicited by schistosome egg antigens, and it finally develops into fibrosis in intestine and the liver. hepatic fibrosis is the main cause of increased morbidity and mortality in humans infected with schistosomes. boswellic acid (ba)-containing extracts such as extracts of the oleogum resin from boswellia serrata (bse) have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity. however, little is known about the role of such extracts in schistosome ...201223271565
chronic schistosoma japonicum infection reduces immune response to vaccine against hepatitis b in mice.hepatitis b and schistosomiasis are most prevalent in africa and asia, and co-infections of both are frequent in these areas. the immunomodulation reported to be induced by schistosome infections might restrict immune control of hepatitis b virus (hbv) leading to more severe viral infection. vaccination is the most effective measure to control and prevent hbv infection, but there is evidence for a reduced immune response to the vaccine in patients with chronic schistosomiasis japonica.201223272112
infectious diseases of khmer immigrants in the united states: review of published reports.infectious diseases are influenced by where patients have lived or travelled in the past, e.g., infection with schistosoma mekongi can be acquired during freshwater contact in cambodia, but not in the united states. here the infectious diseases of khmer immigrants in the united states were studied by reviewing published reports. thirteen case series and 9 case reports of 5,222 patients were identified. most reports were of infections with gastrointestinal parasites (8, 36%), plasmnodium species ...201123272458
comparative characterization of micrornas from the liver flukes fasciola gigantica and f. hepatica.micrornas (mirnas) are key regulators of gene expression at the post-transcription level. the present study specifically explored and compared the mirna expression profiles of f. gigantica and f. hepatica using an integrated sequencing and bioinformatics platform and quantitative real-time pcr. nineteen and 16 mirna candidates were identified from f. gigantica and f. hepatica, respectively. the two parasites shared 11 mirnas, with 8 also showing similarity to mirnas of schistosoma japonicum. ano ...201223300925
nedd8 conjugation in schistosoma mansoni: genome analysis and expression profiles.nedd8 is an ubiquitin-like molecule that covalently binds to target proteins through an enzymatic cascade analogous to ubiquitylation. this modifier is known to bind to p53 and p73, as well as all cullin family proteins, which are essential components of skp1/cul-1/f-box protein (scf)-like ub ligase complexes. here, we focused on a genomic analysis of the genes involved in the nedd8 conjugation pathway in schistosoma mansoni. the results revealed seven genes related to nedd8 conjugation that are ...201323313772
characterization and expression of cytoplasmic copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (cuzn sod) gene under temperature and hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) in rotifer brachionus calyciflorus.superoxide dismutase (sod, ec 1.15.1.1) is an important antioxidant enzyme that protects organs from damage by reactive oxygen species (ros). we cloned cdna encoding sod activated with copper/zinc (cuzn sod) from the rotifer brachionus calyciflorus pallas. the full-length cdna of cuzn sod was 692bp and had a 465bp open reading frame encoding 154 amino acids. the deduced amino acid sequence of b. calyciflorus cuzn sod showed 63.87%, 60.00%, 59.74% and 48.89% similarity with the cuzn sod of the ct ...201323313880
a recombined protein (rsj16) derived from schistosoma japonicum induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of murine myeloid leukemia cells.rsj16, a recombined protein from schistosoma japonicum, has been identified as an anti-inflammatory molecule. in this study, we demonstrated that rsj16 strongly suppressed the growth of murine myeloid leukemia wehi-3b jcs cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. rsj16 induced apoptosis by increasing the proportion of sub-g1 apoptotic cells as well as causing cell cycle arrest at the g0/g1 phase. the expressions of cyclin d1, d2, d3, and e, and cdk 2, 4, and 6 genes in wehi-3b jcs cells were s ...201323319265
contribution of silver ions to the inhibition of infectivity of schistosoma japonicum cercariae caused by silver nanoparticles.blockage of pathogen transmission through water decontamination is considered an important strategy for the prevention of schistosome infection. many believe that this strategy is feasible, but it has yet to be achieved. silver has a long history of use as a disinfectant. with the emergence of nanotechnology, silver can be shaped into nanoparticles which have been found to possess superb antimicrobial activities. in this light, we investigated the effects of silver nanoparticles (agnps) on schis ...201323343516
development of adult worms and granulomatous pathology are collectively regulated by t- and b-cells in mice infected with schistosoma japonicum.schistosoma blood flukes, which cause schistosomiasis affecting 200 million people in the world, are dependent on signals from host cd4(+) t cells to facilitate parasite growth and development in the mammalian host and to induce th2-biased inflammatory granulomas. b cells, however, are reported to down-regulate granulomatous pathology in schistosomiasis, but not to affect the development of blood flukes together with cd4(+) t lymphocytes. thus it is not clear whether b cells mediate parasite dev ...201323349889
identification and characterization of micrornas in the pancreatic fluke eurytrema pancreaticum.eurytrema pancreaticum is one of the most common flukes, which mainly infects ruminants globally and infects human beings accidentally; causing eurytremiasis that has high veterinary and economic importance. micrornas (mirnas) are small non-coding rnas and are now considered as a key mechanism of gene regulation at the post-transcription level.201323351883
[studies on resistance of schistosoma to praziquantel xiiv sensitivity of schistosoma japonicum to praziquantel in marshland and lake endemic regions of chinese mainland].to compare the sensitivities of different isolates of schistosoma japonicum in marshland and lake regions of chinese mainland to praziquantel, so as to provide experimental evidence for establishing the techniques of detecting and monitoring praziquantel sensitivity.201223373251
[study on immune status of patients with schistosomiasis japonica in poyang lake region i characterization of antigen-specific antibody isotype responses to schistosoma japonicum].to understand the characterization and levels of antibody isotype responses to soluble egg antigen (sea) and adult worm antigen (awa) of schistosoma japonicum in schistosomiasis patients in poyang lake region.201223373252
[surveillance of schistosomiasis in jiangsu province, china, 2005-2010].to understand the endemic situation of national surveillance sites in jiangsu province from 2005 to 2010, so as to provide the evidence for the prevention and control of schistosomiasis.201223373256
[schistosomicidal effect of btw5 on adult and juvenile schistosoma japonicum in vitro].to evaluate the killing effect of btw5 on both juvenile and adult worms of schistosoma japonicum in vitro.201223373257
[infectivity difference between mice challenged by the laboratory-cultivated and field collected schistosoma japonicum-infected oncomelania hupensis].to explore the infectivity difference between the mice challenged by laboratory-cultivated and field collected schistosomajaponicum-infected oncomelania hupensis snails.201223373271
cautioning the use of degree-day models for climate change projections in the presence of parametric uncertainty.developmental models, such as degree-day models, are commonly used to predict the impact of future climate change on the intensity, distribution, and timing of the transmission of infectious diseases, particularly those caused by pathogens carried by vectors or intermediate hosts. resulting projections can be useful in policy discussions concerning regional or national responses to future distributions of important infectious diseases. although the simplicity of degree-day models is appealing, l ...201223387122
schistosoma japonicum: susceptibility of neonate mice born to infected and noninfected mothers following subsequent challenge.this study was to investigate the differences between neonate mice born to schistosoma japonicum-infected mothers and those born to noninfected mothers in subsequent challenge. the intensity of infection (evidenced by worm burden and liver egg burden) and liver immunopathology (number and size of liver granulomas) were significantly reduced in neonates from infected mothers (i.m.) compared with neonates from noninfected mothers (n.m.). anti-soluble worm antigen of s. japonicum (swa) igg could be ...201323387533
mrna enrichment protocols determine the quantification characteristics of external rna spike-in controls in rna-seq studies.rna-seq promises to be used in clinical settings as a gene-expression profiling tool; however, questions about its variability and biases remain and need to be addressed. thus, rna controls with known concentrations and sequence identities originally developed by the external rna control consortium (ercc) for microarray and qpcr platforms have recently been proposed for rna-seq platforms, but only with a limited number of samples. in this study, we report our analysis of rna-seq data from 92 erc ...201323393029
development of a streptococcus gordonii vaccine strain expressing schistosoma japonicum sj-f1 and evaluation of using this strain for intranasal immunization in mice.schistosomiasis is a worldwide parasitic disease. currently, chemotherapy is the main effective method to treat schistosomiasis; however, it does not prevent reinfection. no effective vaccine is currently available to prevent schistosomiasis. sj-f1 (genbank accession number ay261995) is a novel gene that was discovered through screening adult schistosoma japonicum worm cdna library with female s. japonicum antigen-immunized sera. streptococcus gordonii, a normal inhabitant of the human oral cavi ...201323403993
microrna expression profile in different tissues of balb/c mice in the early phase of schistosoma japonicum infection.schistosomiasis remains an important global public health problem that affects 200 million people in 76 countries. the molecular mechanisms of host-parasite interaction are complex, and in schistosome infection regulation of microrna (mirna) and the host micro-environment may be involved. in this study, an mirna microarray was applied to investigate differences in mirna expression in different tissues of mice before and 10 days post infection. in total, 220 mirnas were detected in different tiss ...201323415751
regioselective covalent immobilization of catalytically active glutathione s-transferase on glass slides.the high selectivity of protein farnesyltransferase was used to regioselectively append farnesyl analogues bearing bioorthogonal alkyne and azide functional groups to recombinant schistosoma japonicum glutathione s-transferase (gstase) and the active modified protein was covalently attached to glass surfaces. the cysteine residue in a c-terminal cvia sequence appended to n-terminally his(6)-tagged glutathione s-transferase (his(6)-gstase-cvia) was post-translationally modified by incubation of p ...201323458569
a cellular automaton model of schistosoma japonicum infection.due to the life cycle complexity of schistosoma japonicum and the characteristics of schistosomias is immuno-epidemiology, it is very challenging to give a group of certain rules and thus describe the transmission dynamics of s. japonicum with modelling approaches. most existing epidemiological models for schistosomias is based on differential equations only track average worm burden without taking into account the individual variations, thus bear limitations on individual infection status monit ...201323462449
some characteristics of il-5-producing t cells in mouse liver induced by schistosoma japonicum infection.schistosome infection could cause significant liver damage in animal; th2 cells play an important role in the progress of this disease. in our study, c57bl/6 mice were infected by schistosoma japonicum and lymphocytes were isolated from the liver to detect some characteristics of interleukin-5 (il-5)-producing t cells by different methods. the results revealed that s. japonicum infection could induce a large amount of il-5 in mouse liver t cells by the means of fluorescent bead immunoassay and r ...201323463138
a simple noninvasive index to predict significant liver fibrosis in patients with advanced schistosomiasis japonica.schistosoma japonicum causes marked liver fibrosis, while lethal syndromes present in advanced schistosomiasis patients. its management depends on the degree of fibrosis present.201323466574
anthelminthic activity of the cyclotides (kalata b1 and b2) against schistosome parasites.the risk of reduced sensitivity of the human schistosomes to praziquantel has led to efforts to find new therapies. here, the cyclotides kalata b1 (kb1), kalata b2 (kb2), mcocc-1, and mcoti-ii, cyclic peptides extracted from plants and shown to be potent against nematodes and insects, were tested for antischistosome activity. in vitro assays showed that high concentrations (500-1000 μg/ml) of either kb1 or kb2 killed schistosoma japonicum and schistosoma mansoni adults within 5 min, whereas mcot ...201323468118
schistosoma japonicum egg antigen up-regulates fibrogenesis and inhibits proliferation in primary hepatic stellate cells in a concentration-dependent manner.to investigate the effects of different concentrations of schistosoma japonicum (s. japonicum) egg antigen on fibrogenesis and apoptosis in primary hepatic stellate cells (hscs).201323482848
[schistosomicidal mechanism of auranofin on schistosoma japonicum and its cytotoxicity].to compare the effect and acted target of auranofin on juvenile and adult schistosoma japonicum, and detect the cytotoxicity of auranofin against host cells.201223484256
[field application of antibody detection in a low transmission area of schistosoma japonicum].to evaluate the field application of iha and elisa for schistosomiasis japonica detection at low transmission status.201223484260
[cloning, expression and function analysis of thioredoxin-1 protein of schistosoma japonicum].to clone and express recombinant thioredoxin-1 protein of schistosoma japonicum (sjtrx-1), determine its enzyme activity, analyze the stage-specific transcription of sjtrx-1 gene and observe the distribution of sjtrx-1 protein in adult worm.201223484269
[identification of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein from schistosoma japonicum].to identify glycosylphosphatidylinositol (gpi) anchored protein of schistosoma japonicum.201223484271
[preparation of agar-paraffin double-embedded longitudinal sections of schistosoma japonicum].schistosoma japonicum adults are pre-embedded in a double-layer agar and made the block, then dehydrated with alcohol, isobutyl alcohol and n-butyl alcohol. various staining procedures can be conducted after conventional sectioning and dewaxing. complete longitudinal serial sections of the pre-embedded worms can be obtained, and the desired sections can be easily located accurately.201223484288
a retinoid x receptor (rxr1) homolog from schistosoma japonicum: its ligand-binding domain may bind to 9-cis-retinoic acid.retinoid x receptor (rxr) is an important member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors that are present in all major groups of metazoans. a full-length cdna encoding rxr, an orthologue of smrxr1 in platyhelminth schistosoma japonicum (sjrxr1) was identified and characterized. the sjrxr1 cdna is 2806 bp long, and contains an open reading frame encoding a 745 amino acid protein. the deduced sjrxr1 protein sequence which was aligned with rxr proteins from oth ...201323485353
repeated schistosoma japonicum infection following treatment in two cohorts: evidence for host susceptibility to helminthiasis?in light of multinational efforts to reduce helminthiasis, we evaluated whether there exist high-risk subpopulations for helminth infection. such individuals are not only at risk of morbidity, but may be important parasite reservoirs and appropriate targets for disease control interventions.201323505589
gene gun bombardment with dna-coated golden particles enhanced the protective effect of a dna vaccine based on thioredoxin glutathione reductase of schistosoma japonicum.schistosomiasis, caused by infection with schistosoma species, remains an important parasitic zoonosis. thioredoxin glutathione reductase of schistosoma japonicum (sjtgr) plays an important role in the development of the parasite and for its survival. here we present a recombinant plasmid dna vaccine, pvax1/sjtgr, to estimate its protection against s. japonicum in balb/c mice. the dna vaccine administrated by particle bombardment induced higher protection than by intramuscular injection. all ani ...201223509820
assessing the effect of an integrated control strategy for schistosomiasis japonica emphasizing bovines in a marshland area of hubei province, china: a cluster randomized trial.more than 80% of schistosomiasis patients in china live in the lake and marshland regions. the purpose of our study is to assess the effect of a comprehensive strategy to control transmission of schistosoma japonicum in marshland regions.201323516656
activity of corilagin on post-parasiticide liver fibrosis in schistosomiasis animal model.this study investigates the effects and possible molecular mechanisms of corilagin extraction on prevention of schistosoma japonicum ova-induced granulomas and liver fibrosis. as a result, under a light microscope, when compared to a model group, the corilagin group showed smaller granulomas, less liver cell denaturation and less inflammatory cell infiltration, and the connective tissues were significantly decreased. by masson staining, the liver sections from the corilagin group showed less col ...201723527711
exogenous bone morphogenetic protein-7 reduces hepatic fibrosis in schistosoma japonicum-infected mice via transforming growth factor-β/smad signaling.to investigate the antifibrotic effects of bone morphogenetic protein-7 (bmp-7) on schistosoma japonicum (s. japonicum)-induced hepatic fibrosis in balb/c mice.201323539268
characteristics of il-17 induction by schistosoma japonicum infection in c57bl/6 mouse liver.schistosomiasis japonica is a severe tropical disease caused by the parasitic worm schistosoma japonicum. among the most serious pathological effects of s. japonicum infection are hepatic lesions (cirrhosis and fibrosis) and portal hypertension. interleukin-17 (il-17) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory and infectious conditions, including schistosomiasis. we infected c57bl/6 mice with s. japonicum and isolated lymphocytes from the liver to identify c ...201323551262
ultraviolet- attenuated cercariae of schistosoma japonicum fail to effectively induce a th1 response in spite of up-regulating expression of cytotoxicity-related genes in c57bl/6 mice.to better understand the reason that schistosoma japonicum (s. japonicum) ultraviolet (uv)-radiated cercariae could not induce high level of protection in c57bl/6 mice.201023554641
antigen presenting cells may be able to distinguish between normal and radiated schistosoma japonicum cercaria: an in vitro observation.to observe the discrepancies of responses induced by schistosoma japonicum (s. japonicum) normal cercaria antigen (nca) and ultraviolet (uv) -radiation-attenuated cercaria antigen (uvaca) in an in vitro system.201023554642
the efficacy of np11-4-derived immunotoxin scfv-artesunate in reducing hepatic fibrosis induced by schistosoma japonicum in mice.schistosomiasis is one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases in china, and hepatic fibrosis caused by schistosome infection is the principal cause of death. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of np11-4-derived immunotoxin scfv-artesunate on schistosoma japonicum-induced hepatic fibrosis. a single-chain variable fragment (scfv) was generated from the murine anti-schistosoma japonicum (s. japanicum) monoclonal antibody np11-4. the scfv was expressed as a soluble protein and puri ...201123554683
transcriptional responses of in vivo praziquantel exposure in schistosomes identifies a functional role for calcium signalling pathway member camkii.treatment for clinical schistosomiasis has relied centrally on the broad spectrum anthelmintic praziquantel; however, there is limited information on its mode of action or the molecular response of the parasite. this paper presents a transcriptional and functional approach to defining the molecular responses of schistosomes to praziquantel. differential gene expression in schistosoma japonicum was investigated by transcriptome-wide microarray analysis of adult worms perfused from infected mice a ...201323555262
transmission risks of schistosomiasis japonica: extraction from back-propagation artificial neural network and logistic regression model.the transmission of schistosomiasis japonica in a local setting is still poorly understood in the lake regions of the people's republic of china (p. r. china), and its transmission patterns are closely related to human, social and economic factors.201323556015
spatial-temporal variations of schistosoma japonicum distribution after an integrated national control strategy: a cohort in a marshland area of china.schistosomiasis transmission is typically focal. understanding spatial variations of schistosoma infections and their associated factors is important to help to invent site-specific intervention strategies.201323556428
hepatosplenic schistosomiasis presenting as spontaneous hemoperitoneum in a filipino immigrant.hepatosplenic schistosomiasis is due to chronic parasitic trematode infections with various schistosoma sp. the schistosoma life cycle requires contamination of surface water by infected human or animal excreta, specific freshwater snail intermediate hosts and human skin contact with water. the disease is prevalent in many developing tropical areas, particularly in sub-saharan africa as well as in southeast asia. deposition of schistosoma eggs in the hepatic portal system leads to periportal fib ...201323588267
combined tlr7/8 and tlr9 ligands potentiate the activity of a schistosoma japonicum dna vaccine.toll-like receptor (tlr) ligands have been explored as vaccine adjuvants for tumor and virus immunotherapy, but few tlr ligands affecting schistosoma vaccines have been characterized. previously, we developed a partially protective dna vaccine encoding the 26-kda glutathione s-transferase of schistosoma japonicum (pvax1-sj26gst).201323593527
[study on immune status of patients with schistosomiasis japonica in poyang lake region ii characterization of cellular immune in schistosomiasis patients].to observe the characterization of cellular immune of schistosomiasis japonica patients in low endemic area of poyang lake region.201223593828
[studies on spray of niclosamide ethanolamine salt ii observation on prevention of schistosoma japonicum infection in bovine].to investigate the spray of niclosamide ethanolamine salt on prevention of bovine schistosomiasis in the field so as to provide a technical support for the improvement of schistosomiasis control strategy.201223593829
[field evaluation of igg antibody detection kits of schistosoma japonicum and quality control analysis].to evaluate the application effect of an elisa kit for detection of igg antibody to schistosomajaponicum in endemic areas.201223593842
[systematic surveillance of water body in schistosomiasis susceptible areas in nanchang county by sentinel mice].to determine the status of cercariae of schistosoma japonicum in water bodies of the nanchang county section of poyang lake region.201223593843
[the interplay between schistosome and its snail host: a review].as the only intermediate host of schistosoma japonicum, the control of oncomelania snails serves as a major part in schistosomiasis control. this review mainly demonstrates the following aspects: the invasion of schistosome miracidium into snails, the mechanism of resistance to miracidia, and the factors influencing this process. with a view to explore the methods of interrupting every phase during miracidium infection, this article focuses on the possibility for safeguarding human health throug ...201223593849
phosphagen kinase in schistosoma japonicum: characterization of its enzymatic properties and determination of its gene structure.phosphagen kinases (pks) play a major role in the regulation of energy metabolism in animals. creatine kinase (ck) is the sole pk in vertebrates, whereas several pks are present in invertebrates. here, we report the enzymatic properties and gene structure of pk in the trematode schistosoma japonicum (sj). sjpk has a unique contiguous dimeric structure comprising domain 1 (d1) and domain 2 (d2). the three states of the recombinant sjpk (d1, d2, and d1d2) show a specific activity for the substrate ...201323603791
molecular and functional characterization of a putative pa28γ proteasome activator orthologue in schistosoma mansoni.pa28γ is a proteasome activator involved in the regulation of the cellular proliferation, differentiation and growth. in the present study, we identified and characterized a cdna from schistosoma mansoni exhibiting significant homology to pa28γ of diverse taxa ranging from mammals (including humans) to simple invertebrates. designated smpa28γ, this transcript has a 753bp predicted orf encoding a protein of 250 amino acid residues. alignment of smpa28γ with multiple pa28γ orthologues revealed an ...201323611749
comparison of the differential expression mirnas in wistar rats before and 10 days after s.japonicum infection.when compared to the murine permissive host of schistosoma japonicum, wistar rats are less susceptible to schistosoma japonicum infection, and are considered to provide a less suitable microenvironment for parasite growth and development. micrornas (mirnas), are a class of endogenous, non-coding small rnas, that impose an additional, highly significant, level of gene regulation within eukaryotes.201323617945
spatio-temporal analysis to identify determinants of oncomelania hupensis infection with schistosoma japonicum in jiangsu province, china.with the successful implementation of integrated measures for schistosomiasis japonica control, jiangsu province has reached low-endemicity status. however, infected oncomelania hupensis snails could still be found in certain locations along the yangtze river until 2009, and there is concern that they might spread again, resulting in the possible re-emergence of infections among people and domestic animals alike. in order to establish a robust surveillance system that is able to detect the sprea ...201323648203
diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica with interfacial co-assembly-based multi-channel electrochemical immunosensor arrays.schistosomiasis control remains to be an important and challenging task in the world. however, lack of quick, simple, sensitive and specific sero-diagnostic test is still a hurdle in the control practice. the commonly employed enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (elisa) relies on the native soluble egg antigen (sea) that is limited in supply. here we developed an electrochemical immunosensor array (ecisa) assay with an interfacial co-assembly strategy. a recombinant schistosoma japonicum (sj) cal ...201323648995
field transmission intensity of schistosoma japonicum measured by basic reproduction ratio from modified barbour's model.schistosomiasis japonica, caused by infection with schistosoma japonicum, is still recognized as a major public health problem in the peoples' republic of china. mathematical modelling of schistosomiasis transmission has been undertaken in order to assess and project the effects of various control strategies for elimination of the disease. seasonal fluctuations in transmission may have the potential to impact on the population dynamics of schistosomiasis, yet no model of s. japonicum has conside ...201323680335
identification of proteins inducing short-lived antibody responses from excreted/secretory products of schistosoma japonicum adult worms by immunoproteomic analysis.the excretory/secretory antigens of schistosoma japonicum (sj esags) play important roles in host-parasite immune interactions. in this study, the antibody response patterns to sj esags in sera of individual rabbits at the healthy stage, 2-6 weeks post-infection and 4-16 weeks after treatment were examined. antigens inducing short-lived antibody responses were selected by comparing differences in immune recognition of proteins in sera across the different stages by western blotting and identifie ...201323684788
schistosoma japonicum scfv-il18 fusion dna ameliorates hepatic fibrosis in schistosomiasis-infected mice via improving local concentration of il-18 in liver.the pathogenesis of chronic schistosomiasis is caused by irritation of the schistosome eggs trapped in liver that induce delayed hypersensitive reactions from the surrounding tissues, leading to the formation of inflammatory granuloma and subsequent fibrosis. a schistosoma japonicum (s. japonicum) single-chain fragment variable (sjscfv) which specifically binds to the s. japonicum soluble immature egg antigen (siea) can be used as a target to deliver specific cytokine towards the site of hepatic ...201323684910
[effect of pulsatilla chinensis (bunge) regel saponins on eggs, miracidia and cercariae of schistosoma japonicum].to investigate the effect of pulsatilla chinensis (bunge) regel saponins (prs) against the eggs, miracidia, cercariae of schistosoma japonicum in vitro and compare its efficacy with praziquantel.201323687806
[preliminary study on establishing an animal model of neuroschistosomiasis by direct injection of schistosoma japonicum eggs through skull].to establish an experimental model of neuroschistosomiasis and investigate the model establishment factors.201323687807
[research progress on transmission capacity of reservoir host of schistosoma japonicum].this paper reviews the researches related to the reservoir hosts of schistosoma japonicum, including bovine, sheep, dog, cat and wild mouse. combined with the implementation of the comprehensive control strategy with an emphasis on infection source control in current, it puts forward several future research directions under the condition that the effects of people and bovine as infection sources weakened gradually, such as revaluation on the actual transmission capacity of non-bovine livestock, ...201323687824
a deep analysis of the small non-coding rna population in schistosoma japonicum eggs.schistosoma japonicum is a parasitic flatworm that causes zoonotic schistosomiasis. the typical outcome of schistosomiasis is hepatic granuloma and fibrosis, which is primarily induced by soluble egg-derived antigens. although schistosomal eggs represent an important pathogenic stage to the host, the biology of this critical stage is largely unknown. we previously investigated the expression profiles of sncrnas during different developmental stages of this parasite. however, using small rna extr ...201323691136
inferences on the biochemical and environmental regulation of universal stress proteins from schistosomiasis parasites.human schistosomiasis is a freshwater snail-transmitted disease caused by parasitic flatworms of the schistosoma genus. schistosoma haematobium, schistosoma mansoni, and schistosoma japonicum are the three major species infecting humans. these parasites undergo a complex developmental life cycle, in which they encounter a plethora of environmental signals. the presence of genes encoding the universal stress protein (usp) domain in the genomes of schistosoma spp. suggests these flatworms are equi ...201323696708
the iron distribution and magnetic properties of schistosome eggshells: implications for improved diagnostics.schistosoma mansoni and schistosoma japonicum are the most frequent causative agents of human intestinal schistosomiasis. approximately 200 million people in the world are infected with schistosomes. diagnosis of schistosomiasis is often difficult. high percentages of low level infections are missed in routine fecal smear analysis and current diagnostic methodologies are inadequate to monitor the progress of parasite control, especially in areas with low transmission. improved diagnostic methods ...201323696910
spatial and temporal transcriptomics of schistosoma japonicum-induced hepatic granuloma formation reveals novel roles for neutrophils.the severity of schistosome egg-induced hepatic granulomatous pathology depends markedly on the nature of the host immune responses. in this study, we used lmm and microarray analysis to compare gene expression profiles of histologically distinct zones within, and directly proximal to, hepatic granulomas that developed in c57bl/6 mice infected with schistosoma japonicum. there was significant up-regulation of type-1, type-2, and type-17 immune-associated genes within the granuloma core (adjacent ...201323709687
evaluation of an educational intervention on villagers' knowledge, attitude and behaviour regarding transmission of schistosoma japonicum in sichuan province, china.health education is an important component of efforts to control schistosomiasis. in china, while education programmes have been implemented intensively, few articles in recent years in either the chinese or english literature report randomised, controlled interventions of the impacts on knowledge, attitudes and behaviours. thus, we designed and carried out a cluster-randomised controlled education intervention trial that targeted 706 adults from rural areas in 28 villages in sichuan, china. we ...201323711611
proteomic analysis of schistosomiasis japonica vaccine candidate antigens recognized by uv-attenuated cercariae-immunized porcine serum igg2.many studies have showed that the radiation-attenuated cercariae (rac) vaccine could induce the high protection of laboratory animals to resist the schistosoma infection by cellular and humoral mechanism. here, we aimed to identify possible vaccine antigens by using specific igg2 antibody from rac-vaccinated pigs or vaccination and challenge pigs. the antigens from the schistosomal soluble worm antigen preparation (swap) recognized by the porcine igg2 antibody were obtained using immunoprecipita ...201323715679
a study of immunomodulatory genes responses to macrophages of schistosoma japonicum infection during different stages by microarray analysis.macrophages initiate, modulate, and also serve as final effector cells in immune responses during the course of schistosomal infections. in this study, we investigated the gene expression profile and functional changes of macrophages in immune responses against the schistosoma japonicum by microarray analysis. hierarchical clustering analysis demonstrated that a significant switch in gene transformation associated with a type-1 response and linked with a type-2 cytokine phenotype occurs between ...201323732117
beyond heme detoxification: a role for hemozoin in iron transport in s. japonicum.hemozoin (hz) is considered a disposal product during the digestion of red blood cells by some blood-feeding parasites, such as plasmodium, schistosome, and rhodnius. the only function of hz that has been reported is to detoxify the free heme (fe((iii))-protoporphyrin-ix) in worms. here we report a new role for hz in iron transport in schistosoma japonicum. using transmission electron microscopy (tem), we observed that s. japonicum hemozoin (sjhz) granules were a group of electron-dense, globe-, ...201323733233
aldose reductase from schistosoma japonicum: crystallization and structure-based inhibitor screening for discovering antischistosomal lead compounds.schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease with high morbidity and mortality in the world. currently, the treatment of this disease depends almost exclusively on praziquantel (pzq); however, the emergence of drug resistance to pzq in schistosomes makes the development of novel drugs an urgent task. aldose reductase (ar), an important component that may be involved in the schistosome antioxidant defense system, is predicted as a potential drug target.201323734964
glutathione s-transferases interact with amp-activated protein kinase: evidence for s-glutathionylation and activation in vitro.amp-activated protein kinase (ampk) is a cellular and whole body energy sensor with manifold functions in regulating energy homeostasis, cell morphology and proliferation in health and disease. here we apply multiple, complementary in vitro and in vivo interaction assays to identify several isoforms of glutathione s-transferase (gst) as direct ampk binding partners: pi-family member rat gstp1 and mu-family members rat gstm1, as well as schistosoma japonicum gst. gst/ampk interaction is direct an ...201323741294
schistosoma japonicum soluble egg antigens attenuate invasion in a first trimester human placental trophoblast model.schistosomiasis affects nearly 40 million women of reproductive age, and is known to elicit a pro-inflammatory signature in the placenta. we have previously shown that antigens from schistosome eggs can elicit pro-inflammatory cytokine production from trophoblast cells specifically; however, the influence of these antigens on other characteristics of trophoblast function, particularly as it pertains to placentation in early gestation, is unknown. we therefore sought to determine the impact of sc ...201323755313
cloning and characterization of a bone morphogenetic protein homologue of schistosoma japonicum.bone morphogenetic proteins (bmps) are known to play an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation, survival, differentiation and apoptosis in many vertebrates and invertebrates through the tgf-β signaling pathway. although the tgf-β signaling pathway exists in schistosomes, bmp homologue, a ligand of tgf-β in schistosoma japonicum, has not yet been identified. in this study, a bmp homologue of s. japonicum was cloned and characterized. the full length sjbmp cdna is 3,020 bp and enco ...201323756146
3-oxoacyl-acp reductase from schistosoma japonicum: integrated in silico-in vitro strategy for discovering antischistosomal lead compounds.schistosomiasis is a disease caused by parasitic worms and more than 200 million people are infected worldwide. the emergence of resistance to the most commonly used drug, praziquantel (pzq), makes the development of novel drugs an urgent task. 3-oxoacyl-acp reductase (oar), a key enzyme involved in the fatty acid synthesis pathway, has been identified as a potential drug target against many pathogenic organisms. however, no research on schistosoma japonicum oar (sjoar) has been reported. the ch ...201323762275
comparative analysis of known mirnas across platyhelminths.micrornas (mirnas) are a subtype of small regulatory rnas that are involved in numerous biological processes through small rna-induced silencing networks. in an attempt to explore the phylogeny of mirnas across five platyhelminths, we integrated annotated mirnas and their full genomes. we identified conserved mirna clusters and, in particular, mir-71/2 was conserved from planarian to parasitic flatworms and was expanded in free-living schmidtea mediterranea. analysis of 22 mirna loci provided co ...201323777576
identifying host species driving transmission of schistosomiasis japonica, a multihost parasite system, in china.understanding disease transmission dynamics in multihost parasite systems is a research priority for control and potential elimination of many infectious diseases. in china, despite decades of multifaceted control efforts against schistosomiasis, the indirectly transmitted helminth schistosoma japonicum remains endemic, partly because of the presence of zoonotic reservoirs. we used mathematical modeling and conceptual frameworks of multihost transmission ecology to assess the relative importance ...201323798418
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