Publications

prevalence and susceptibility testing of new species of pseudallescheria and scedosporium in a collection of clinical mold isolates.	the prevalence of new species of pseudallescheria and scedosporium in a collection of 46 clinical isolates was analyzed. strain identification was done by morphological and molecular methods. four scedosporium aurantiacum isolates were detected among the panel of clinical strains. the susceptibility profile of s. aurantiacum was similar to that of scedosporium apiospermum.	2007	17101671
scedosporium infection in a tertiary care cancer center: a review of 25 cases from 1989-2006.	we reviewed the records of patients with cancer who had scedosporium infection (due to scedosporium apiospermum and scedosporium prolificans in 21 and 4 patients, respectively). the incidence of scedosporium infection increased from 0.82 cases per 100,000 patient-inpatient days (in 1993-1998) to 1.33 cases per 100,000 patient-inpatient days (in 1999-2005). cases of s. prolificans infection occurred only after 2000. dissemination occurred in 16 patients (64%). the 12-week mortality rates were 70% ...	2006	17109292
topical and oral voriconazole in the treatment of fungal keratitis.	to describe nine patients with fungal keratitis refractory to standard antifungal therapy whose condition was managed with voriconazole.	2007	17188052
graphium basitruncatum fungemia in a patient with acute leukemia.	we report the first case of infection caused by graphium basitruncatum in a man with acute leukemia who developed persistent fungemia and skin lesions. g. basitruncatum, a member of the microascaceae, is phylogenetically and morphologically distinct from graphium penicillioides and the opportunistic pathogens scedosporium apiospermum (pseudallescheria boydii) and scedosporium prolificans.	2007	17314217
endobronchitis by scedosporium apiospermum in a child with cystic fibrosis.	a case of endobronchitis by scedosporium apiospermum in a child with cystic fibrosis is presented. the bronchial aspirate's cytology showed the presence of a large amount of septated-dichotomized hyphae. the bronchial aspirate's culture showed the presence of scedosporium apiospermum in a pure culture of three consecutive samples. the scanning electron microscopy study of the mucosal surface revealed scarce mycelia with the presence of abundant conidiae. the transmission electron microscopy of t ...	2006	17388652
molecular cloning and biochemical characterization of a cu,zn-superoxide dismutase from scedosporium apiospermum.	a cu,zn-superoxide dismutase has been characterized from scedosporium apiospermum, a fungus which often colonizes the respiratory tract of patients with cystic fibrosis. enzyme production was stimulated by iron starvation. purification was achieved from mycelial extract from 7-day-old cultures on amberlite xad-16. the purified enzyme presented a relative molecular mass of 16.4 kda under reducing conditions and was inhibited by potassium cyanide and diethyldithiocarbamate, which are two known inh ...	2007	17395518
scedosporium apiospermum (pseudoallescheria boydii) infection in lung transplant recipients.	scedosporium apiospermum, the asexual counterpart of the teleomorph pseudallescheria boydii, is increasingly recognized as an important opportunistic pathogen in transplant recipients. infection is associated with a high rate of dissemination and poor outcome overall.	2007	17403476
anterior chamber exudative mass due to scedosporium apiospermum in an immunocompetent individual.	endogenous intraocular infection of fungal etiology is extremely rare in an immunocompetent individual. usually, an antecedent history of trauma, surgery, intravenous drug abuse or an immunocompromized state can be elicited. scedosporium apiospermum is a known cause of keratomycosis after traumatic implantation and can cause fatal disseminated infection in immunocompromized patients. however, cases of s. apiospermum intraocular infection in immunocompetent individuals have been very rarely repor ...	2007	17456946
quality control and reference guidelines for clsi broth microdilution method (m38-a document) for susceptibility testing of anidulafungin against molds.	the clsi (formerly nccls) m38-a document for antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi does not describe guidelines for echinocandins. a multicenter study (eight centers) evaluated inter- and intralaboratory reproducibilities of two reading times (24 and 48 h or 48 and 72 h) and two end points (mics and minimum effective concentrations [mecs]) for evaluating anidulafungin against molds. anidulafungin mics (>or=50% inhibition) and mecs (morphological hyphal changes) were determined f ...	2007	17475760
intravitreal voriconazole for the treatment of endogenous endophthalmitis caused by scedosporium apiospermum.	scedosporium apiospermum is an increasingly recognized cause of endogenous fungal endophthalmitis in immunocompromised patients. the authors describe two patients with endogenous s. apiospermum endophthalmitis treated with intravitreal and systemic voriconazole. despite a prolonged course of systemic antifungal treatment, both patients subsequently required enucleation for intractable ocular pain due to secondary scleritis. histological examination of the globes demonstrated the presence of fung ...	2007	17539796
multifocal scedosporium apiospermum spondylitis in a cystic fibrosis patient.	we report the first case of multifocal scedosporium apiospermum spondylitis in a cystic fibrosis patient. the infection, which occurred during voriconazole prophylaxis, disseminated contiguously from the base of the left lung and pleura and spread to vertebrae via the epidural space. s. apiospermum osteoarticular infections are rare, and are difficult to diagnose and cure because of their resistance to anti-fungal drugs.	2008	17567545
emergence of scedosporium apiospermum in patients with cystic fibrosis.		2007	17588974
scedosporium apiospermum otomycosis.	we present a case of scedosporium apiospermum otomycosis in an immunocompetent 62-year-old woman presumably inoculated as a child in vietnam. she had life-long recurrent symptoms of chronic otomastoiditis and otorrhea. the organism was identified in an unexpected wound infection after a modified radical mastoidectomy done for chronic otitis media. treatment consisted of local debridement of necrotic tissue, topical wound care, and long-term systemic antifungals.	2007	17606042
scedosporium apiospermum lung infection with fatal subsequent postoperative outcome in an immunocompetent host.		2007	17638212
disseminated scedosporium apiospermum infection in renal transplant recipient: long-term successful treatment with voriconazole: a case report.	scedosporium apiospermum, the asexual form of pseudallescheria boydii, is a ubiquitous fungus that represents an unfrequent complication of immune suppression. it accounts for 20% of all non-aspergillus mold infections in organ transplant recipients. the infection can be localized or disseminated in multiple organs, including lungs, brain, joints, tendons, and skin, and is difficult to treat, due to resistance of s apiospermum to amphotericin b and other antifungal agents. the mortality rate is ...	2007	17692684
intraspecific diversity of species of the pseudallescheria boydii complex.	in order to establish intraspecific diversity of pseudallescheria boydii and scedosporium apiospermum, and to develop tools for their identification, variability within p. boydii and related species was investigated at different levels of diversity. sequences of the d1/d2 region of large subunit (lsu) and of the internal transcribed spacer (its) region of ribosomal dna (rdna) gene were analyzed for a set of 57 strains, as well as partial sequences of the elongation factor 1-alpha (ef 1-alpha). i ...	2007	17710625
scedosporium apiospermum infection after near-drowning.	scedosporium apiospermum and its teleomorph (sexual form) pseudallescheria boydii are ubiquitous saprophytic fungi, which under specific conditions, such as near-drowning, may cause therapy-refractory and life-threatening infections. we reviewed 22 cases (eight children and 14 adults) of s. apiospermum infection after near-drowning reported in the literature including an additional paediatric case from our institution. scedosporiosis after near-drowning was associated with high mortality (16/23, ...	2007	17714363
implantable cardioverter-defibrillator infection due to scedosporium apiospermum.	we report a case of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator infection due to scedosporium apiospermum. this infection persisted despite systemic antifungal treatment with voriconazole and was controlled after removal of the foreign device and replacement of the involved tricuspid valve. this case underscores the importance of a combined surgical and medical approach for this complicated infection. scedosporium species should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cardiac or intravascular ...	2007	17761293
endogenous scedosporium apiospermum endophthalmitis.		2007	17846376
scedosporium apiospermum traumatic endophthalmitis successfully treated with voriconazole.	we describe a case of traumatic endophthalmitis due to scedosporium apiospermum that was successfully treated with a combination of intravitreal and systemic voriconazole. a high dose of 200 microg was used intravitreally without any apparent complications. a brief overview of voriconazole use for treatment of ocular infections is presented, and a comparison is made with antifungal agents traditionally used in ophathalmology.	2007	17901927
scedosporium apiospermum pacemaker endocarditis.	a patient developed a fungal pacemaker infection with scedosporium apiospermum following a series of pacemaker manipulations. despite percutaneous removal of the pacemaker system and subsequent operative extraction of the atrial thrombus, his course was complicated by persistent sepsis, pulmonary septic emboli and bilateral frontal lobe infarction, following which treatment was withdrawn.	2009	17931723
multiple scedosporium apiospermum brain abscesses after near-drowning successfully treated with surgery and long-term voriconazole: a case report.	scedosporium apiospermum is an emerging fungal pathogen, increasingly recognised as a cause of infection not only in immunocompromised, but also in non-immunodeficient patients. we present the case of an immunocompetent 21-year-old thai man who experienced recurrent ruptured mycotic aneurysms and developed multiple s. apiospermum brain abscesses following aspiration of polluted water. a combination of surgery and voriconazole was effective in this difficult-to-treat case. voriconazole penetrated ...	2007	17944716
infection with scedosporium apiospermum and s. prolificans, australia.	scedosporium apiospermum and s. prolificans are fungi of increasing clinical importance, particularly in persons with underlying diseases. we reviewed the records of 59 patients in australia from whom scedosporium spp. were isolated from june 30, 1997, through december 31, 2003. s. apiospermum was isolated predominantly from the respiratory tracts of 28 of 31 patients with underlying lung diseases and resulted in 2 infections and 1 death. the annual number of s. apiospermum isolates remained con ...	2007	17953087
granulomatous and eosinophilic rhinitis in a cow caused by pseudallescheria boydii species complex (anamorph scedosporium apiospermum).	a 2-year-old hereford cow was presented to the teaching hospital for increased respiratory noise and bilateral bloody nasal discharge. a nodular rhinitis was detected clinically, and the nasal biopsy revealed a granulomatous and eosinophilic rhinitis with intralesional fungi. the cow was euthanized due to financial constraints. grossly multifocal-to-coalescing, raised, ulcerated firm nodules were present in both nares. histologically, the lamina propria was expanded by intense infiltrates of eos ...	2007	18039905
[fungal keratitis caused by scedosporium apiospermum].	we report a case of posttraumatic keratomycosis caused by scedosporium apiospermum that was treated with oral and topical voriconazole and penetrating keratoplasty.	2007	18046279
molecular and phenotypic data supporting distinct species statuses for scedosporium apiospermum and pseudallescheria boydii and the proposed new species scedosporium dehoogii.	based on the morphological, physiologic, and molecular (beta-tubulin gene) study of 141 isolates of the pseudallescheria boydii species complex (including several synonyms) and relatives, the new species scedosporium dehoogii is proposed. scedosporium apiospermum and p. boydii are considered two different species and the new name scedosporium boydii is proposed for the anamorph of the latter species. a summary of the key morphological and physiological features for distinguishing the species of ...	2008	18077629
efficacy of voriconazole for scedosporium apiospermum skull base osteomyelitis: case report and literature review.		2008	18083011
a review of the new antifungals: posaconazole, micafungin, and anidulafungin.	this column reviews 3 new systemic antifungal agents (posaconazole, micafungin, and anidulafungin) from the standpoint of dermatology. posaconazole, approved to treat invasive aspergillus and candida infections, is available in an oral suspension and resembles fluconazole, but seems to have a broader spectrum of activity. posaconazole is effective against yeasts and molds and could be effective in treating rare fungal infections involving zygomycetes, mucor necrotizing fasciitis, rhinocerebral m ...	2007	18189069
in vitro activities of 35 double combinations of antifungal agents against scedosporium apiospermum and scedosporium prolificans.	activities of 35 combinations of antifungal agents against scedosporium spp. were analyzed by a checkerboard microdilution design and the summation of fractional concentration index. an average indifferent effect was detected apart from combinations of azole agents and echinocandins against scedosporium apiospermum. antagonism was absent for all antifungal combinations against both species.	2008	18195067
infections caused by scedosporium spp.	scedosporium spp. are increasingly recognized as causes of resistant life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients. scedosporium spp. also cause a wide spectrum of conditions, including mycetoma, saprobic involvement and colonization of the airways, sinopulmonary infections, extrapulmonary localized infections, and disseminated infections. invasive scedosporium infections are also associated with central nervous infection following near-drowning accidents. the most common sites of in ...	2008	18202441
in vitro antifungal activities of isavuconazole (bal4815), voriconazole, and fluconazole against 1,007 isolates of zygomycete, candida, aspergillus, fusarium, and scedosporium species.	isavuconazole (bal4815) is a promising novel broad-spectrum triazole in late-stage clinical development that has proven active in vitro against aspergillus and candida species. we compared the in vitro activities of this agent with those of voriconazole and fluconazole by the clsi (formerly nccls) m38-a and m27-a2 procedures against a large collection of 1,007 relevant opportunistic fungi collected from 1986 to 2007: aspergillus spp. (n = 702), candida spp. (n = 218), zygomycetes (n = 45), scedo ...	2008	18212101
treatment of scedosporiosis with voriconazole: clinical experience with 107 patients.	the efficacy of voriconazole in 107 patients with scedosporiosis was analyzed. principal infection sites were the lungs/sinuses (24%), central nervous system (cns) (20%), and bone (18%), while 21% of patients had disseminated infection. solid organ transplantation (22%), hematological malignancy (21%), and surgery/trauma (15%) were the predominant underlying conditions. a successful therapeutic response was achieved in 57% of patients (median, 103 therapy days), with > 98% of those responding re ...	2008	18212110
voriconazole in the management of nosocomial invasive fungal infections.	voriconazole is a new triazole developed for the treatment of life-threatening fungal infections. the drug is available for both oral and intravenous administration; the oral formulation has excellent bioavailability. the side-effect profile of voriconazole presents an acceptable safety and tolerability spectrum: transient visual disturbances, liver enzyme abnormalities, and skin rashes are the most frequently reported side effects but rarely lead to discontinuation. the potential for drug-drug ...	2006	18360588
unusual pharmacokinetics of intravitreal and systemic voriconazole in a patient with scedosporium apiospermum endophthalmitis.	in this paper, we report a case of a post-traumatic scedosporium endophthalmitis treated with a posterior vitrectomy, followed by intravitreal injections and systemic voriconazole. this is the second documented case of s. apiospermum endophthalmitis treated with voriconazole and the first case with intravitreal injections of voriconazole. a 29-year-old man developed endophthalmitis after being struck in the left eye by a chip from a swimming pool pump. despite 3 weeks of prophylactic antibiother ...	2008	18370878
recurrent scedosporium apiospermum skin infection in a renal transplant recipient.		2009	18384549
[case of scedosporium apiospermum cutaneous soft tissue infection treated with voriconazole].	a 69-year-old man treated with corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents for acutely exacerbated interstitial pneumonia was found to have an ingrown nail in the left big toe and that suppurated despite treatment by dermatologists. culture of the pus expressed from the toe yielded scedosporium apiospermum. the patient suffered liver dysfunction a few days later when treated with intravenous voriconazole (vrcz), which was discontinued due to the high plasma vrcz concentration. discrete erythema ...	2008	18411765
[scedosporium apiospermum external otitis.].	we report a case of scedosporium apiospermum external otitis. the patient was topically treated with miconazole cream and achieved a clinical and mycological cure. the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of external fungal otitis are discussed.	1999	18473567
caspofungin-mediated beta-glucan unmasking and enhancement of human polymorphonuclear neutrophil activity against aspergillus and non-aspergillus hyphae.	we investigated whether caspofungin and other echinocandins have immune-enhancing properties that influence human polymorphonuclear neutrophil (pmn)-mediated mold hyphal damage.	2008	18500936
development of a novel pcr assay for the identification of the black yeast, exophiala (wangiella) dermatitidis from adult patients with cystic fibrosis (cf).	cystic fibrosis (cf) patients may suffer increased morbidity and mortality through colonisation, allergy and invasive infection from fungi. the black yeast, exophiala dermatitidis (synonym wangiella dermatitidis) has been found with increasing frequency in sputum specimens of cf patients, with reported isolation rates ranging from 1.1 to 15.7%. at present, no diagnostic pcr exists to aid with the clinical laboratory detection and identification of this organism. a novel species-specific pcr-base ...	2008	18571996
fungal vertebral osteomyelitis due to scedosporium apiospermum after near-drowning.	near-drowning predisposes one to infection by the fungus scedosporium apiospermum, and brain abscess is the most common consequence. vertebral osteomyelitis due to this organism is exceedingly rare. the authors report on a 43-year-old man who developed fungal spondylodiscitis several weeks after a near-drowning event. the rare nature of this infection led to a delay in diagnosis. a combination of surgical debridement, instrumentation, and antifungal therapy resulted in an excellent outcome at 1 ...	2008	18590412
different virulence of the species of the pseudallescheria boydii complex.	pseudallescheria boydii sensu lato is a complex of species involved in severe human infections. we have evaluated, using a murine model, the virulence of 2 strains of each of the most representative species of the complex, i.e., p. boydii sensu stricto, p. minutispora, scedosporium apiospermum, s. aurantiacum and s. dehoogii. we used two different inocula, i.e., 5 x 10(4) conidia/ml (for immunosuppressed animals) and 1 x 10(6) conidia/ml (for immunocompetent animals), which were administered int ...	2009	18651312
development and validation of a quantitative pcr assay for diagnosis of scedosporiosis.	scedosporium apiospermum and scedosporium prolificans are fungal pathogens that can cause severe human infections, including disseminated mycosis in immunocompromised patients. two real-time pcr (rt-pcr) assays for the diagnosis of these species were developed and validated for the classification of clinical strains and for the detection of dna in clinical samples by use of a murine model of invasive infection. a total of 14 clinical strains and 141 samples, including blood, serum, and lung samp ...	2008	18684999
proteins and peptidases from conidia and mycelia of scedosporium apiospermum strain hlpb.	the conidia-mycelia transformation is an essential step during the life cycle of the fungal human pathogens of the pseudallescheria boydii complex. in the present study, we have analyzed the protein and peptidase profiles in two distinct morphological stages, conidia and mycelia, of scedosporium apiospermum sensu stricto. proteins synthesized by the mycelia, migrating at the ranges of 62-48 and 22-18 kda, were not detected from the conidial extract. conidia produced a single cellular peptidase o ...	2009	18726166
[a case of scedosporium apiospermum keratitis confirmed by a molecular genetic method].	a 54-yr-old male, who was treated by chemotherapy for gastric cancer 15 months ago, presented to yongdong severance hospital, seoul, with complaints of pain in his right eye caused by a foreign body from the ground in the previous week. he had been treated with topical and oral antibacterial in addition to antifungal agents, but did not show significant clinical improvement. after a positive corneal culture with mold, topical amphotericin b was added to the initial regimen. the mold was identifi ...	2008	18728381
pseudallescheria boydii brain abscess in a renal transplant recipient: first case report in southeast asia.	pseudallescheria boydii and its asexual form, scedosporium apiospermum, are ubiquitous filamentous fungi that rarely cause central nervous system (cns) infection. brain abscess caused by p. boydii is a highly lethal infection, usually seen in organ transplant recipients who receive a number of immunosuppressive agents. we have presented a case of a 48-year-old man 6 years after renal transplantation who received methylprednisolone followed by antithymocyte globulin for treatment of acute cellula ...	2008	18790255
antifungal activity against scedosporium species and novel assays to assess antifungal pharmacodynamics against filamentous fungi.	the saprophytic moulds scedosporium prolificans and scedosporium apiospermum/pseudallescheria boydii are an increasing cause of invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised hosts. the growing importance and high mortality rates of invasive disease caused by these fungi necessitates the search for newer treatment strategies. however, clinically available antifungal agents have modest to minimal activity against these organisms that has been confirmed by suboptimal responses in the clinic. due ...	2009	19058049
ecology of pseudallescheria and scedosporium species in human-dominated and natural environments and their distribution in clinical samples.	this study aims to determine the occurrence of pseudallescheria and scedosporium species in natural and human-dominated environments. habitats (136 sampling sites) in a transect with increasing human impact were investigated (natural areas, agricultural soils, urban playgrounds, industrial areas). physico-chemical parameters were measured to characterize the different areas included in this investigation. fungal identification was performed by morphology and sequence data analysis. comparative d ...	2009	19085459
occurrence and relevance of filamentous fungi in respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis--a review.	the colonization of airways by filamentous fungi and the development of respiratory infections require some predisposing factors as encountered in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). indeed, the defective mucociliary clearance which characterizes the disease is associated with local immunological disorders. in addition, the prolonged therapy with antibiotics and the use of corticosteroid treatments also facilitate fungal growth. an important fungal biota has been described in respiratory secreti ...	2009	19107638
isolation and characterisation of polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) degrading fungi from a historically contaminated soil.	abstract:	2009	19138404
osteomyelitis and discospondylitis due to scedosporium apiospermum in a dog.	a 6-year-old, 30-kg, female german shepherd dog, living in a leishmaniasis enzootic area, was presented with a severe rear limb motor disorder and a medical history of acute onset of fever. routine hematology indicated neutrophilia. spinal survey radiographs were consistent with osteomyelitis and discospondylitis. because of the poor clinical prognosis and the painful nature of the lesions, the dog was euthanized at the owners' request. at necropsy, t13-l1 vertebrae had large areas of necrosis w ...	2009	19139512
detection of (1-->3)-beta-d-glucan as an adjunct to diagnosis in a mixed population with uncommon proven invasive fungal diseases or with an unusual clinical presentation.	this single-center observational prospective study evaluated the performance of (1-->3)-beta-d-glucan as an adjunct diagnostic tool in 12 patients with proven invasive fungal disease with different risk factors. the infections were due to either uncommon fungal pathogens such as dematiaceous molds (scedosporium apiospermum, alternaria infectoria, and cladosporium macrocarpum) and hyaline septate molds (fusarium solani and blastoschizomyces capitatus) or aspergillus spp. with unusual clinical pre ...	2009	19158282
host immune response against scedosporium species.	scedosporium apiospermum and scedosporium prolificans cause therapy-refractory infections in immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts. while innate immune response is believed to be critical for the host defense against these fungi, its role has only recently been elucidated. undefined pathogen-associated molecular patterns on the surface of conidia and hyphae are recognized by pattern-recognition receptors (prrs) on the membrane of phagocytes, and the signal is transmitted intracellularly. p ...	2009	19184770
scedosporium apiospermum skeletal infection in an immunocompetent child.	abstract this is a case of scedosporium apiospermum skeletal infection in a 10-year-old immunocompetent girl whose chief complaint was left knee swelling and pain. the child had a history of a bicycle accident two months before with a resultant deep penetrating trauma. systematic administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics for 10 days was used, with no clinical improvement. magnetic resonance imaging and arthrotomy of the affected joint revealed findings suggestive of osteomyelitis. empirical i ...	2009	19191169
activity profile in vitro of micafungin against spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.	a collection of 2,278 isolates belonging to 86 different fungal species was tested with micafungin and eight other drugs using the eucast procedures. micafungin was active against species of candida and aspergillus (even azole-resistant species) as well as penicillium spp., scedosporium apiospermum, and acremonium spp. it was inactive for species of basidiomycota and mucorales and for multiresistant species such as those of fusarium.	2009	19223630
biochemical characterization of potential virulence markers in the human fungal pathogen pseudallescheria boydii.	the ubiquitous pseudallescheria boydii (anamorph scedosporium apiospermum) is a saprophytic filamentous fungus recognized as a potent etiologic agent of a wide variety of infections in immunocompromised as well as in immunocompetent patients. very little is known about the virulence factors expressed by this fungal pathogen. the present review provides an overview of recent discoveries related to the identification and biochemical characterization of potential virulence attributes produced by p. ...	2009	19235547
case of cutaneous scedosporium apiospermum infection successfully treated with voriconazole.	we report a case of cutaneous infection due to scedosporium apiospermum in a 75-year-old immunocompromised male patient who had received long-term corticosteroid and immunosuppressant therapy for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome. the patient came to our department complaining of erythema with a number of pustules on the dorsal surface of the right hand. s. apiospermum was identified from a culture taken from the pus. after unsuccessful treatment with topical ketoconazole, oral itraconazole an ...	2009	19284454
tracking the emerging human pathogen pseudallescheria boydii by using highly specific monoclonal antibodies.	pseudallescheria boydii has long been known to cause white grain mycetoma in immunocompetent humans, but it has recently emerged as an opportunistic pathogen of humans, causing potentially fatal invasive infections in immunocompromised individuals and evacuees of natural disasters, such as tsunamis and hurricanes. the diagnosis of p. boydii is problematic since it exhibits morphological characteristics similar to those of other hyaline fungi that cause infectious diseases, such as aspergillus fu ...	2009	19321690
pseudallescheria boydii (scedosporium species) in 3 lung transplant recipients: computed tomography findings and literature review.	objective: the objective of our study was to evaluate chest computed tomography (ct) findings in 3 lung transplant recipients infected with pseudallescheria boydii complex or its asexual anamorph, scedosporium apiospermum, 2 after double-lung transplant and 1 after single-lung transplantation. awareness and early diagnosis of this rare but potentially lethal infection are important, as it is largely refractory to treatment with the antifungal agents of choice used for the more common aspergillus ...	2009	19346854
evaluating the resistance to posaconazole by e-test and clsi broth microdilution methodologies of candida spp. and pathogenic moulds.	e-test methodology was compared with clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi) broth microdilution, particularly concerning the detection of resistance to posaconazole among clinical fungal isolates. the susceptibility of a large set of fungal strains (n = 300) was evaluated following 24 and 48 h in two different culture media (rpmi 1640 and sabouraud agar). fungal strains were highly susceptible to posaconazole; however, few less susceptible strains were found, mostly regarding candida ...	2009	19350293
tricuspid valve and pacemaker endocarditis due to pseudallescheria boydii (scedosporium apiospermum).	we report a case of native valve and pacemaker endocarditis in a 78-year-old male with diabetes mellitus who died after cardiac surgery. at autopsy, tricuspid valve vegetations and lung abscesses containing thick, hyaline, septate, and branching hyphae were present. the culture identified scedosporium apiospermum, an infrequent cause of opportunistic infections in immunocompromised hosts.	2009	19373137
heterothallism in scedosporium apiospermum and description of its teleomorph pseudallescheria apiosperma sp. nov.	scedosporium apiospermum has traditionally been thought of as the anamorph of pseudallescheria boydii (microascaceae, ascomycota), but recent molecular studies has demonstrated that they are different species. since a teleomorph was not observed among isolates recently identified as s. apiospermum, we investigated whether this species could be heterothallic. in this study, 15 isolates of s. apiospermum were paired in all possible combinations, including self-pairings. several combinations produc ...	2010	19418347
successful salvage treatment of scedosporium apiospermum keratitis with topical voriconazole after failure of natamycin.	to report successful management of scedosporium apiospermum (previously known as monosporium apiospermum) keratitis with topical voriconazole as monotherapy.	2009	19435962
population-based surveillance for scedosporiosis in australia: epidemiology, disease manifestations and emergence of scedosporium aurantiacum infection.	australia-wide population-based surveillance for scedosporiosis identified 180 cases, with 118 (65.6%) cases of colonization and 62 (34.4%) cases of infection. predisposing factors for isolation of scedosporium spp. included chronic lung disease in 37.8% and malignancy in 21.7% of cases. predictors of invasive disease (n=62) included haematological stem cell transplantation (n=7), leukaemia (n=16) and diabetes mellitus (n=8). of 183 phenotypically-speciated isolates, 75 (41%) were scedosporium p ...	2009	19549223
hydroxamate siderophores of scedosporium apiospermum.	scedosporium apiospermum is an emerging pathogen colonizing the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis and causing severe infections in immunocompromised hosts. in order to improve our knowledge on the pathogenic mechanisms of this fungus, we investigated the production of siderophores. cultivation on cas medium and specific assays for different classes of siderophores suggested the secretion of hydroxamates. a maximal production was obtained by cultivation of the fungus at alkaline ph in an i ...	2009	19597710
otomycosis: a retrospective study.	otomycosis is a fungal infection of the external ear canal with only a few studies about its real frequency in brazil.	2009	19649486
comparison of techniques to examine the diversity of fungi in adult patients with cystic fibrosis.	this study compares conventional and molecular techniques for the detection of fungi in 77 adult cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. three different methods were investigated, i.e., (1) conventional microbiological culture (including yeasts and filamentous fungi), (2) mycological culture with cf-derived fungal specific culture media, and (3) non-culture and direct dna extraction from patient sputa. fungi isolated from environmental air samples of the cf unit were compared to fungi in sputa from cf pa ...	2010	19672783
metallopeptidase inhibitors arrest vital biological processes in the fungal pathogen scedosporium apiospermum.	scedosporium apiospermum is an emerging agent of opportunistic mycoses in humans. previously, we showed that mycelia of s. apiospermum secreted metallopeptidases which were directly linked to the destruction of key host proteins. in this study, we analysed the effect of metallopeptidase inhibitors on s. apiospermum development. as germination of inhaled conidia is a crucial event in the infectious process of s. apiospermum, we studied the morphological transformation induced by the incubation of ...	2011	19702620
scedosporium apiospermum: an emerging opportunistic pathogen that must be distinguished from aspergillus and other hyalohyphomycetes.	we report a case of cutaneous scedosporium apiospermum infection in an immunocompromised host. s.apiospermum is an emerging opportunistic pathogen, especially in organ transplant recipients. prompt identification is critical because of its resistance to most antifungal drugs. its histopathologic features are indistinct and overlap with those of more commonly recognized hyalohyphomycetes such as aspergillus species. cultures from infected tissue are generally required for correct identification. ...	2009	19775393
scedosporium apiospermum septicemia following a wedge excision of an ingrown toenail.		2009	19775413
cerebral mycosis: 7-year retrospective series in a tertiary center.	this study focuses on the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, risk factors, diagnosis and outcome of all cases of central nervous system (cns) fungal infections in a tertiary center. medical records of 18 patients of culture-proven cns fungal infections were retrospectively reviewed from 2000 to 2007, including 12 isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and seven from tissue biopsy. patient demographic data included 10 males and eight females. the mean age was 55 years (range: 24-89 years ...	2010	19845862
disseminated pseudallescheriosis in a dog.	a case of disseminated pseudallescheriasis in a german shepherd bitch is presented. bones (ilium, a rib and phalanges), joints (elbow and acetabulum) and the surrounding tissues were the principal organs affected. in addition, pseudallescheria boydii was isolated, in lower numbers, from the eye, kidney, lymph nodes draining the affected regions and urine. the dog was euthanized. p. boydii was identified by morphologic characteristics and molecular techniques (beta tubulin sequence). in addition, ...	2010	19886774
cutaneous hyalohyphomycosis by scedosporium apiospermum in an immunocompromised patient.	scedosporium apiospermum is a ubiquitous filamentous fungus that may infect immunocompetent patients after trauma and may cause severe and often fatal infections in immunocompromised hosts. here, we present the case of a 28-year-old female with s. apiospermum infection on the left forearm that had developed while she was on long-term immunosuppressant therapy. analysis of a skin biopsy specimen showed a mixed cell granuloma with hyaline septate hyphae. culture of the abscess revealed s. apiosper ...	2011	19889175
[scedosporium apiospermum rhinosinusal infection in an immunocompetent host].	scedosporium species can cause colonization, superficial and deep localized infection or systemic disease, especially in immunocompromised hosts. we report a case of localized infection due to scedosporium apiospermum in a 47 year old woman, with previous nasal surgery. she consulted for recurrent mucopurulent post-nasal discharge not responding to antibiotics. computed tomography showed opacification of right maxillary sinus. surgery was performed to removed abnormal tissue from sinus; biopsy r ...	2009	19915757
primary cutaneous infection with scedosporium apiospermum successfully treated with voriconazole.	summary we describe a 61-year-old male patient with a history of long-term corticosteroid treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, who developed subcutaneous nodules on his right forearm. histopathologic examination showed large epitheloid cell granulomas with multinuclear giant cells that contained hyphae within their cytoplasm. microbiological testing of biopsies revealed an infection with scedosporium apiospermum with resistance to common antifungal agents like fluconazole, itraco ...	2009	19925568
cutaneous and systemic infection with scedosporium apiospermum.	we present a case of cutaneous and systemic infection with scedosporium apiospermum occurring in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. scedosporium apiospermum is a rare cause of systemic mycosis but is associated with a high rate of mortality in immunocompromised hosts. because the patient presented in an advanced state of infection, supportive measures were unsuccessful and definitive diagnosis could not be made until postmortem examination. we discuss the presentation, pathology, diagn ...	2009	20099621
lung scedosporiosis in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.	a 31-year-old african american woman with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (hiv/aids) (recent cd4 count of 66/mm) presented to the emergency room with a tension pneumothorax that required an emergent chest tube placement. computed tomography scan showed fungus balls in multiple lung cavities and surrounding infiltrates. the patient showed remarkable improvement with voriconazole suggesting aspergillosis. however, the patient was serologically negative for aspergill ...	2010	20220340
[the fungal risk in cystic fibrosis: a pilot study].	prevalence of aspergillus fumigatus, as well as other species, and factors associated with risk induced by fungal colonization are poorly defined in cystic fibrosis (cf). we set up a national prospective study to document this risk. as a pilot study, the fungal risk was determined for 21 cf adult patients in a multidisciplinary way: using clinical parameters, notifying treatment, determining fungal presence in sputum and documenting abpa status. 16 (76%) patients presented with fungal presence i ...	2010	20348048
[scedosporium apiospermum brain abscess. report of one case with literature review].	scedosporium apiospermum is a fungus found in the soil and in contaminated water and commonly cause cutaneous infections and is a rare cause of central nervous system infection. invasive infection is usually associated with immunosuppresion. the authors present a 73-year-old woman with chronic renal disease who presented with headache for 2 weeks. computerized tomography scans revealed a ring-enhancing lesion in left temporal lobe. an urgent craniotomy was performed and the lesion was totally re ...	2010	20442975
human and animal isolates of pseudallescheria boydii and scedosporium species, from melbourne, australia, 1977-1995.	from 1977 to 1995, 25 of the fungal cultures referred to the microbiological diagnostic unit public health laboratory at the university of melbourne, victoria, australia were identified as scedosporium apiospermum, pseudallescheria boydii, or scedosporium prolificans. these cultures had been isolated from 22 patients at metropolitan hospitals and three animals at veterinary institutes. eight of the human isolates were identified as p. boydii, 11 as s. apiospermum and three as s. prolificans. iso ...	2010	20492531
experimental murine scedosporiosis: histopathology and azole treatment.	the histopathology of clinical isolates of scedosporium apiospermum, scedosporium boydii, and scedosporium aurantiacum in immunosuppressed mice was evaluated. the organs most affected were the brain, kidneys, and spleen. s. aurantiacum produced more tissue damage than the other two species. amphotericin b (amb) was ineffective in the treatment of murine infections caused by such isolates, and posaconazole and voriconazole showed efficacy that correlated with the in vitro susceptibility data.	2010	20547805
use of intralesional voriconazole for the treatment of cutaneous scedosporium apiospermum infection.		2010	20560740
infections caused by fungi of the scedosporium/pseudallescheria complex in veterinary species.	fungi belonging to the scedosporium/pseudallescheria complex (spcf) have been known to cause human infections for nearly a century and are important human pathogens, with an increasing frequency of infection in patients with underlying conditions. there appears to be a lower incidence of infections with spcf in veterinary species, although this may be related to a lack of awareness of these diseases. important recent taxonomic changes in this group of fungi include the classification of pseudall ...	2011	20580291
successful treatment of scedosporium apiospermum soft tissue abscess with caspofungin and voriconazole in a severely immunocompromised patient with acute myeloid leukemia.	we report the case of a 53-year-old female patient with refractory acute myeloid leukemia developing a necrotic, soft tissue abscess on the right forearm caused by scedosporium apiospermum during prolonged severe neutropenia (absolute white blood cell count <500/μl for 49 days). in the context of the severely immunocompromised state of the patient and her need for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct), surgical treatment options were not favored. therefore, combined antifunga ...	2010	20604906
diagnostic contribution of positron emission tomography with [18f]fluorodeoxyglucose for invasive fungal infections.	optimal staging and evaluation of residual lesions of invasive fungal infections (ifis) are major challenges in the immunocompromised host. preliminary data have suggested that [¹⁸f]fluorodeoxyglucose ([¹⁸f]fdg) uptake may be observed in the course of active invasive fungal infections. the aim of this study was to assess the role of positron emission tomography with [¹⁸f]fdg ([¹⁸f]fdg-pet) in the diagnosis and staging of ifi. a prospective monocentric study evaluating [¹⁸f]fdg-pet in 30 consecut ...	2011	20636432
molecular detection and characterisation of fungal heat shock protein 60.	summary heat shock proteins (hsp) are highly conserved molecules, which are both constitutively expressed and up-regulated in response to various stress conditions. in particular, fungal hsp60 can act as immunodominant antigens and facilitate powerful immunological properties. a possible cellular heat shock response was investigated in eight fungi (aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus terreus, penicillium chrysogenum, cladosporium cladosporioides, scedosporium apiospermum, trichophyton mentagrophy ...	2010	20667000
scedosporium apiospermum infection presenting as a pneumothorax and cavitary lung lesions in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome.	the scedosporium genus consists of filamentous fungi that inhabit soil, sewage, manure, and polluted waters, and contains two medically important species: scedosporium apiospermum and scedosporium prolificans. scedosporiosis is caused by inhalation or traumatic subcutaneous implantation of the organism, and may have varied clinical presentations. a variety of pulmonary manifestations can occur, but to our knowledge, pneumothorax as initial presentation has not been reported. treatment may be dif ...	2010	20689476
characteristics of pathogenic fungi and antifungal therapy in cystic fibrosis.	a defective mucociliary clearance facilitates colonization with bacteria and fungal spores in cystic fibrosis patients. yeasts and molds are cultured from the cystic fibrosis respiratory tract and often their clinical relevance is unknown. candida spp. are the most commonly isolated yeasts, whereas aspergillus spp., scedosporium apiospermum, as well as exophiala dermatitidis in some countries, are the most frequent molds recovered from respiratory specimens. molecular biotyping studies have reve ...	2010	20695750
fungal rhinosinusitis caused by scedosporium apiospermum in a cat.	a 3-year-old neutered male bengal cat with a history of chronic mucopurulent bilateral nasal discharge and sneezing was diagnosed with severe fungal rhinosinusitis. a diagnosis was obtained after computer tomography imaging, histopathological examination and fungal culture. the mold scedosporium apiospermum was identified as the aetiological agent. to our knowledge, this case is the first description of a rhinitis or sinusitis caused by this agent in a cat. aggressive surgical debridement combin ...	2010	20851007
in vitro activity of conventional antifungal agents against scedosporium apiospermum isolates recovered from clinical and environmental samples in nigeria.	in vitro susceptibilities of scedosporium apiospermum isolates recovered from clinical and environmental samples in nigeria were tested against ten conventional antifungal agents, namely: amphotericin b, nystatin, flucytosine, itraconazole, posaconazole, fluconazole, voriconazole, micafungin, ketoconazole, and terbinafine using the clsi m38-a broth dilution reference method. the isolates showed varied response/sensitivities to the antifungal agents tested. this is probably the first documented t ...	2010	20870592
tlr4 recognizes pseudallescheria boydii conidia and purified rhamnomannans.	pseudallescheria boydii (scedosporium apiospermum) is a saprophytic fungus widespread in the environment, and has recently emerged as an agent of localized as well as disseminated infections, particularly mycetoma, in immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts. we have previously shown that highly purified α-glucan from p. boydii activates macrophages through toll-like receptor tlr2, however, the mechanism of p. boydii recognition by macrophage is largely unknown. in this work, we investigated ...	2010	20959459
pneumothorax and empyema complicating scedosporium apiospermum mycetoma: not just a problem in the immunocompromised patients.		2010	20963510
thyroid abscess due to scedosporium apiospermum.	we report a case of thyroid abscess caused by scedosporium apiospermum in a patient with cirrhosis of liver and autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. to date, there are no reports of isolation of this fungus from thyroid abscess.	2010	20966586
keratomycosis due to scedosporium apiospermum.		2010	20966590
monoclonal antibodies against peptidorhamnomannans of scedosporium apiospermum enhance the pathogenicity of the fungus.	scedosporium apiospermum is part of the pseudallescheria-scedosporium complex. peptidorhamnomannans (prms) are cell wall glycopeptides present in some fungi, and their structures have been characterized in s. apiospermum, s. prolificans and sporothrix schenckii. prior work shows that prms can interact with host cells and that the glycopeptides are antigenic. in the present study, three monoclonal antibodies (mabs, igg1) to s. apiospermum derived prm were generated and their effects on s. apiospe ...	2010	20976055
scedosporium cerebral abscesses after extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation.	scedosporial infections are usually encountered in the immunocompromised patients. however, they are now emerging in the immunocompetent population and have an affinity for the central nervous system. they represent a therapeutic challenge, since they are highly resistant to most antifungal medications.	2010	21059516
chronic airway colonization by scedosporium apiospermum with a fatal outcome in a patient with cystic fibrosis.	abnormally viscous bronchial secretions, a characteristic feature of cystic fibrosis (cf), may trap bacteria and fungi, allowing transient or chronic lung colonization. we report here a case of persistent scedosporium apiospermum colonization in a patient with cf, who subsequently developed a lung mycetoma, and died with neurological symptoms suggestive of cerebral fungal involvement. six isolates from consecutive sputum samples were molecularly typed by random amplification of polymorphic dna ( ...	2010	21067322
characteristics and consequences of airway colonization by filamentous fungi in 201 adult patients with cystic fibrosis in france.	a total of 657 sputum samples from 201 cystic fibrosis adult patients were collected during a 24-month period (2005-2006). we retrospectively analyzed the fungal colonization of the respiratory tract of these individuals by linking medical records and microbiological data. filamentous fungi were isolated from specimens of 65.6% of the patients, with aspergillus fumigatus being the predominant species recovered as it was found in specimens of 56.7% of the patients. we observed no difference for g ...	2010	21067327
clinical associations and prevalence of scedosporium spp. in australian cystic fibrosis patients: identification of novel risk factors?	risk factors for the association of scedosporium in cases of cystic fibrosis (cf) and its clinical implications are poorly understood. clinical, lung function and laboratory data of adult cf patients in sydney (april 2008-march 2009) were prospectively analysed for such risk factors. expectorated sputa were cultured for bacteria and examined for fungi using standard mycological and scedosporium-selective media, and by an internal transcribed spacer region-targeted multiplex pcr assay. scedospori ...	2010	21067328
what can be learned from genotyping of fungi?	multiple genotyping studies have been carried out in order to clarify the epidemiology of fungal infections, more specifically to determine the sources, transmission routes, and colonization patterns of fungal isolates. in this review, the results obtained in genotyping investigations of aspergillus isolates are summarized and discussed. furthermore, we examine the epidemiologic studies of candida albicans, exophiala dermatitidis and scedosporium apiospermum infections in patients with cystic fi ...	2010	21067332
lack of standardization in the procedures for mycological examination of sputum samples from cf patients: a possible cause for variations in the prevalence of filamentous fungi.	filamentous fungi and yeasts are increasingly isolated from respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis (cf), and persistent fungal colonization of the airways of such patients is thought to exacerbate lung damage. while many independent studies have identified aspergillus fumigatus complex as the principal colonizing fungus in cf, increased awareness of the role of fungi in cf pathology coupled with improved mycological culture and identification methods have resulted in a number of ...	2010	21067335