Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| crystallization and preliminary crystallographic studies of the precursor and mature forms of a neutral lipase from the fungus rhizopus delemar. | a neutral lipase from the filamentous fungus rhizopus delemar has been crystallized in both its proenzyme and mature forms. although the latter crystallizes readily and produces a variety of crystal forms, only one was found to be suitable for x-ray studies. it is monoclinic (c2, a = 92.8 a, b = 128.9 a, c = 78.3 a, beta = 135.8) with two molecules in the asymmetric unit related by a noncrystallographic diad. the prolipase crystals are orthorhombic (p2(1)2(1)2(1), with a = 79.8 a, b = 115.2 a, c ... | 1994 | 8202471 |
| rapid, sensitive fluorometric determination of serum triglyceride by measuring lipase-liberated fatty acids. | a continuous fluorescence displacement assay was developed for the measurement of long-chain fatty acids and utilized in the study of triglyceride lipase-catalyzed reactions (wilton, dc. biochem j 1991;276:129-33). we now describe a method for the rapid measurement of triglyceride in serum with the fluorescence displacement assay. the method involves the hydrolysis of a diluted sample equivalent to 0.1 microl of original serum with excess lipase (ec 3.1.1.3) from rhizopus arrhizus and measuring ... | 1994 | 8287522 |
| molecular characterization of an extracellular acid-resistant lipase produced by rhizopus javanicus. | an extracellular lipase (triacylglycerol acylhydrolase ec 3.1.1.3), produced by the fungus rhizopus javanicus was purified to homogeneity using an expeditious two-step isolation method. the enzyme, with a molecular mass of 36 kda and a specific activity of 9260 microequivalent of fatty acid released per minute and mg under standard conditions, consists of three isoforms with isoelectric points of 7.8, 7.7, and 7.1, respectively. the purified lipase was digested using chemical and enzymatical pro ... | 1993 | 8329142 |
| [rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis caused by rhizopus oryzae.a typical case in a cirrhotic patient]. | the rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis is an acute rapidly progressive fungal infection. this disease is caused by a zygomycetes fungus, most often from the rhizopus genus. this fungus is saprophitic of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. it becomes pathogenic in some particular conditions, specially during diabetes mellitus. histopathological study is the only method allowing the diagnosis, by revealing the tissue invasion by characteristic hyphae. mycologic study allows a definitive identi ... | 1993 | 8397543 |
| overexpression of a rhizopus delemar lipase gene in escherichia coli. | a cloned complementary deoxyribonucleic acid encoding the precursor polypeptide of an extracellular lipase from the fungus rhizopus delemar was altered by site-directed mutagenesis to generate deoxyribonucleic acid fragments that specifically code for the polypeptides of the proenzyme and the mature form of the lipase. attempts to produce these polypeptides in enzymatically active form in escherichia coli revealed toxic effects toward the host. therefore the polypeptides were expressed as inacti ... | 1993 | 8441342 |
| release of volatile branched-chain and other fatty acids from ruminant milk fats by various lipases. | bovine, ovine, and caprine milk fats were treated with pregastric lipases (kid goat, calf, and lamb), microbial lipases (candida cylindracea, c. cylindracea ay30, aspergillus niger apf12, rhizopus arrhizus, penicillium roqueforti r10, and mucor zavanicus map 10), porcine pancreatic lipase, or milk lipase. all three pregastric lipases preferentially hydrolyzed volatile branched-chain and short n-chain fatty acids from each milk fat. pregastric lipases also released a relatively low proportion of ... | 1993 | 8463483 |
| lysosomal phosphatidylcholine: bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate acyltransferase: specificity for the sn-1 fatty acid of the donor and co-purification with phospholipase a1. | positional specificities in donor and acceptor phospholipids of the lysosomal phosphatidylcholine: bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate acyltransferase have been determined. comparison of the transfer of labelled fatty acid from sn-1 [14c]acyl and sn-2 [14c]acylphosphatidylcholines by extracts of rat liver lysosomes revealed that fatty acids in the sn-1 position were exclusively transferred. degradation of the acylphosphatidylglycerol product by rhizopus arrhizus lipase, highly specific for fatty acids ... | 1993 | 8466950 |
| recovery from rhinocerebral mucormycosis in a ketoacidotic diabetic patient: a case report. | an 18-year-old woman with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus developed an infection of the paranasal sinuses with rhizopus oryzae resulting in facial swelling, hemiplegia and blindness of the right eye. the therapy of this rhinocerebral mucormycosis consisted of extensive surgical debridement, administration of high-dose amphotericin b, hyperbaric oxygen and control of the underlying predisposing diabetes mellitus. the patient eventually recovered with however, the loss of one eye. | 1993 | 8509703 |
| improved detection of medically important fungi by immunoperoxidase staining with polyclonal antibodies. | this study was performed to identify pathological fungi of eight species [aspergillus fumigatus, candida albicans, torulopsis (candida) glabrata, cryptococcus neoformans, fusarium anthophilum, rhizopus oryzae, sporothrix schenckii and trichosporon beigelii] in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections by indirect immunoperoxidase staining. mature albino rabbits were immunized with formalin-killed organisms. antibodies were prepared by precipitation. immunoperoxidase staining was applied ... | 1995 | 8548126 |
| contribution of cutinase serine 42 side chain to the stabilization of the oxyanion transition state. | cutinase from the fungus fusarium solani pisi is a lipolytic enzyme able to hydrolyze both aggregated and soluble substrates. it therefore provides a powerful tool for probing the mechanisms underlying lipid hydrolysis. lipolytic enzymes have a catalytic machinery similar to those present in serine proteinases. it is characterized by the triad ser, his, and asp (glu) residues, by an oxyanion binding site that stabilizes the transition state via hydrogen bonds with two main chain amide groups, an ... | 1996 | 8555209 |
| degradation of stachyose, raffinose, melibiose and sucrose by different tempe-producing rhizopus fungi. | forty-six strains of tempe-forming rhizopus species were screened for their ability to grow on raffinose as the sole carbon source. six of the strains showed good growth and sporulation. these isolates were one rhizopus oligosporus, one rhizopus microsporus var. chinensis, three rhizopus oryzae and one rhizopus stolonifer. these six moulds and r. oligosporus strain nrrl 2710 were investigated for their metabolism of the raffinose family of alpha-galactoside carbohydrates. degradation experiments ... | 1995 | 8579835 |
| pcr and single-strand conformational polymorphism for recognition of medically important opportunistic fungi. | the application of pcr technology to molecular diagnostics holds great promise for the early identification of medically important pathogens. pcr has been shown to be useful for the detection of the presence of fungal dna in both laboratory and clinical samples. considerable interest has been focused on the utility of selecting universal primers, those that recognize constant regions among most, if not all, medically important fungi. once an amplicon, or piece of amplified dna determined by the ... | 1995 | 8586705 |
| hydrolysis and esterification of acylglycerols and analogs in aqueous medium catalyzed by microbial lipases. | the stereoselectivity of microbial lipases from chromobacterium viscosum (cvl) and rhizopus arrhizus (ral) towards monoacylglycerols (rac-1(3)-oleoylglycerol and 2-oleoylglycerol), diacylglycerols (1,3-dioleoylglycerol and rac-1,2(2,3)-dioleoylglycerol) and 2-o-ether analogs (rac-1(3)-oleoyl-2-o-hexadecylglycerol and rac-1(3)-octanoyl-2-o-hexadecylglycerol) was determined. the results of the hydrolysis of 2-o-ether analogs confirmed the importance of the substituent at c-2 of acylglycerols in th ... | 1996 | 8652651 |
| influence of fungi associated with bananas on nutritional content during storage. | botryodiplodia theobromae, rhizopus oryzae, aspergillus niger, a. flavus and fusarium equiseti were found to be associated with the ripening of bananas and also caused rot during storage. bananas stored in baskets with ash fire wood ripened 2-3 days earlier than bananas stored in fibre sacks and under constant light. the infected bananas showed a decrease in the quantity of total soluble sugars, protein, lipid, crude fibre, ash, ascorbic acid and mineral elements when compared with the control f ... | 1996 | 8711953 |
| attachment of spores of the human pathogenic fungus rhizopus oryzae to extracellular matrix components. | fungi of the order mucorales determine various infections involving principally the respiratory tract. in spite of their medical importance, little is known about their mechanisms of adherence to the host tissues. thus we have attempted to define the morphological stages involved in the adherence process of rhizopus oryzae which is the main causative agent of mucormycoses. the study of the kinetics of germination and adherence to plastic revealed that attachment occurred prior to germination and ... | 1996 | 8738422 |
| high-level secretion of fungal glucoamylase using the candida boidinii gene expression system. | the methylotrophic yeast, canadida boidinii, was investigated as an expression host for secretory enzyme production. the cdna of rhizopus oryzae glucoamylase was placed under the c. boidinii alcohol oxidase (aodl) promoter. a transformant integrated with a single-copy expression cassette to the chromosome produced glucoamylase into the medium to a high amount when the cells were grown on methanol or methanol plus glycerol as (a) carbon source(s). the transformant c. boidinii cells were grown up ... | 1996 | 8765754 |
| immunohistochemical diagnosis of systemic bovine zygomycosis by murine monoclonal antibodies. | murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against water-soluble somatic antigens (wssa) and the wall fraction (wf) from rhizopus arrhizus (rhizopus oryzae) were produced in vitro by fusion of splenocytes from immunized balb/c mice with mouse myeloma x63-ag 8.653 cells. supernatants reacting only with homologous antigens in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were subsequently screened for reactivity with homologous fungi in immunohistochemical techniques. all four mabs raised against the wf of a. arr ... | 1996 | 8801711 |
| orbital infections in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | opportunistic infections frequently involve the anterior and posterior segments of the eye but rarely occur in the orbit in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. the authors managed eight patients with hiv and unilateral orbital infections who presented between july 1988 and march 1995. | 1996 | 8841310 |
| analysis of the catalytic mechanism of a fungal lipase using computer-aided design and structural mutants. | both an active enzyme conformation and stabilization of tetrahedral transition states are essential for the catalysis of ester bond hydrolysis by lipases. x-ray structural data and results from site-directed mutagenesis experiments with proteases have been used as a basis for predictions of amino acid residues likely to have key functions in lipases. the gene encoding a lipase from rhizopus oryzae was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. site-directed mutagenesis of this gene was used to te ... | 1996 | 8862551 |
| gastric mucormycosis due to rhizopus oryzae in a renal transplant recipient. | gastric mucormycosis is a rare disease with a reported fatal outcome of 98%. manifestations range from colonization of peptic ulcers to infiltrative disease with vascular invasion and dissemination. in our renal transplant patient a deep gastric ulceration infected with rhizopus oryzae (class zygomycetes), which is known to be an agent of mucormycosis, was diagnosed in the early posttransplant period after antirejection therapy. the infection was successfully managed with amphotericin b and omep ... | 1996 | 8880524 |
| the consequences of engineering an extra disulfide bond in the penicillium camembertii mono- and diglyceride specific lipase. | the extracellular lipase from penicillium camembertii has unique substrate specificity restricted to mono- and diglycerides. the enzyme is a member of a homologous family of lipases from filamentous fungi. four of these proteins, from the fungi rhizomucor miehei, humicola lanuginosa, rhizopus delemar and p. camembertii, have had their structures elucidated by x-ray crystallography. in spite of pronounced sequence similarities the enzymes exhibit significant differences. for example, the thermost ... | 1996 | 8888145 |
| early onset of pulmonary mucormycosis with pulmonary vein thrombosis in a heart transplant recipient. | pulmonary infections are major complications in heart transplantation. progress in antimicrobial chemotherapy has switched the clinical spectrum to an increased incidence of fungal pathogens, such as candida and aspergillus species. mucormycosis is a rare opportunistic infection with high mortality in solid-organ transplant recipients usually ensuing several months after transplantation. we describe a 45-year-old patient with pulmonary mucormycosis manifestion 5 days after heart transplantation. ... | 1996 | 8900325 |
| the folding and activity of the extracellular lipase of rhizopus oryzae are modulated by a prosequence. | the fungus rhizopus oryzae synthesizes an extracellular lipase precursor bearing n-terminal pre- and pro-sequences. our studies in escherichia coli and using recombinant lipase in vitro indicate that the prosequence of 97 amino acids has at least two functions. first, it modulates the enzyme activity of the lipase so that this enzyme can initially be synthesized in a non-destructive form. direct synthesis of the mature form of the lipase in the cell has toxic consequences, at least partly becaus ... | 1996 | 8912667 |
| immunoperoxidase staining for identification of aspergillus species in routinely processed tissue sections. | to evaluate the performance of an immunoperoxidase stain using the monoclonal antibody eb-a1 to detect aspergillus species in formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded tissue. | 1996 | 8943743 |
| models of metabolism in rhizopus oryzae. | a flux analysis of glucose metabolism in rhizopus oryzae was achieved using [14c]-labeled glucose and acetate. the rates of glucose utilization and end product production were estimated, and metabolite pool sizes and specific radioactivities were determined. these data were analysed using a specific radioactivity curve-matching program called tflux. the analysis is consistent with the existence of separate mitochondrial and cytosolic pools of pyruvate, malate and fumarate. | 1996 | 8944180 |
| the use of rational mutagenesis to modify the chain length specificity of a rhizopus delemar lipase. | 1996 | 8958082 | |
| multicenter evaluation of proposed standardized procedure for antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi. | a multicenter study was conducted to expand the generation and analysis of data that supports the proposal of a reference method for the antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi. broth microdilution mics of amphotericin b and itraconazole were determined in 11 centers against 30 coded duplicate pairs of aspergillus spp., fusarium spp., pseudallescheria boydii, and rhizopus arrhizus. the effect of inoculum density (approximately 10(3) and 10(4) cfu/ml), incubation time (24, 48, and ... | 1997 | 8968895 |
| inhibition of microbial lipases with stereoisomeric triradylglycerol analog phosphonates. | 1,2(2,3)-diradylglycero o-(p-nitrophenyl) n-hexylphosphonates were synthesized, with the diradylglycerol moiety being di-o-octylglycerol, 1-o-hexadecyl-2-o-pyrenedecanylglycerol, or 1-o-octyl-2-oleoyl-glycerol, and tested for their ability to inactivate lipases from chromobacterium viscosum (cvl) and rhizopus oryzae (rol). the experimental data indicate the formation of stable, covalent 1:1 enzyme-inhibitor adducts with the di-o-alkylglycero phosphonates. the differences in reactivity of diaster ... | 1996 | 8982269 |
| [zygomycosis: review of 16 cases]. | zygomycosis (mucormycosis or phycomycosis) is the infection caused by zygomycetes (non partitioned mycelial fungi, usually saprophytes). all cases of zygomycosis diagnosed in the hospital 12 de octubre in madrid, spain, from 1976 to 1994 were reviewed. | 1996 | 9044638 |
| glucoamylase mutants in the conserved active-site segment trp170-tyr175 located at a distance from the site of catalysis. | to mimic the structure of the 1.8-fold more active (k(cat)) rhizopus oryzae glucoamylase (ga), aspergillus niger ga was subjected to site-directed mutagenesis in the trp170-tyr175 segment of the third of the six well-conserved alpha-->alpha connecting loops of the catalytic (alpha/alpha)6-barrel. while the trp170-->phe, gln172-->asn and tyr175-->phe mutants showed an up to 1.7-fold increased k(cat) and gly174-->cys ga and approximately 2-fold reduced k(cat) towards maltotriose and longer substra ... | 1997 | 9051738 |
| cutaneous mucormycosis due to absidia corymbifera occurring after bone marrow transplantation. | mucormycosis is an uncommon severe life-threatening fungal infection in the immunocompromised host caused by fungi belonging to the order mucorales, most commonly rhizopus arrhizus (r. oryzae). we report a patient who developed a severe right atrial catheter exit site infection with absidia corymbifera. the catheter was removed and necrotic tissue debrided. with liposomal amphotericin b and g-csf, the infection subsided. he remains well 8 months later. | 1997 | 9052922 |
| biosynthesis, release and degradation of the novel endogenous cannabimimetic metabolite 2-arachidonoylglycerol in mouse neuroblastoma cells. | the monoacylglycerol 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-ag) has been recently suggested as a possible endogenous agonist at cannabinoid receptors both in brain and peripheral tissues. here we report that a widely used model for neuronal cells, mouse n18tg2 neuroblastoma cells, which contain the cb1 cannabinoid receptor, also biosynthesize, release and degrade 2-ag. stimulation with ionomycin (1-5 microm) of intact cells prelabelled with [3h]arachidonic acid ([3h]aa) led to the formation of high levels of ... | 1997 | 9065792 |
| flux analysis of glucose metabolism in rhizopus oryzae for the purpose of increasing lactate yields | a flux analysis of glucose metabolism in the filamentous fungus rhizopus oryzae was achieved using a specific radioactivity curve-matching program, tflux. glycolytic and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates labeled through the addition of extracellular [u-14c]glucose were isolated and purified for specific radioactivity determinations. this information, together with pool sizes and the rates of glucose utilization and end product production, provided input for flux maps of the metabolic networ ... | 1997 | 9073478 |
| altered acyl chain length specificity of rhizopus delemar lipase through mutagenesis and molecular modeling. | the acyl binding site of rhizopus delemar prolipase and mature lipase was altered through site-directed mutagenesis to improve lipase specificity for short- or medium-chain length fatty acids. computer-generated structural models of r. delemar lipase were used in mutant protein design and in the interpretation of the catalytic properties of the resulting recombinant enzymes. molecular dynamics simulations of the double mutant, val209trp + phe112trp, predicted that the introduction of trp112 and ... | 1997 | 9075201 |
| granulocyte colony-stimulating factor administered in vivo augments neutrophil-mediated activity against opportunistic fungal pathogens. | granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (g-csf) not only increases neutrophil (polymorphonuclear leukocyte, pmnl) production but also modulates pmnl biologic function. to assess the ability of g-csf administered in vivo to enhance pmnl activity against opportunistic fungal pathogens, the antifungal activity of pmnl obtained from normal human volunteers before and after g-csf administration was compared. in vivo, g-csf significantly enhanced pmnl-mediated killing of aspergillus fumigatus and rhizop ... | 1997 | 9086172 |
| construction of a starch-utilizing yeast by cell surface engineering. | we have engineered the cell surface of the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae by anchoring active glucoamylase protein on the cell wall, and we have endowed the yeast cells with the ability to utilize starch directly as the sole carbon source. the gene encoding rhizopus oryzae glucoamylase with its secretion signal peptide was fused with the gene encoding the c-terminal half (320 amino acid residues from the c terminus) of yeast alpha-agglutinin, a protein involved in mating and covalently anchored ... | 1997 | 9097432 |
| enumeration of fungi in barley. | estimation of fungal contamination of barley grain is important as certain fungi can proliferate during the malting process. the following factors which may affect the enumeration of fungi were evaluated: dilution versus direct plating, presoaked versus unsoaked grain, five culture media: potato dextrose agar (pda), acidified czapek-dox agar (aca), pentachloronitrobenzene agar; (pcnb) dichloran rose bengal chloramphenicol agar (drbc) and malt salt agar; two disinfectants' ethanol/water (80:20 v/ ... | 1997 | 9105919 |
| safety evaluation of lipase derived from rhizopus oryzae: summary of toxicological data. | a lipase enzyme, obtained from rhizopus oryzae produced by a fermentation process was subjected to a series of toxicological tests to document the safety for use as a food additive. the enzyme product was examined for acute, subacute and subchronic oral toxicity, and mutagenic potential. an extensive literature search on the production organism has also been conducted. no evidence of (sub)acute oral toxicity or mutagenic potential was found. administration of the lipase at dosages of 50, 200 and ... | 1997 | 9207893 |
| in vitro antifungal activity of pneumocandin l-743,872 against a variety of clinically important molds. | the in vitro activity of the new antifungal drug pneumocandin l-743,872 against 55 isolates of clinically important molds was examined by an adapted macrobroth dilution method for yeasts. pneumocandin l-743,872 exhibited in vitro antifungal activity against alternaria sp., aspergillus flavus, aspergillus fumigatus, curvularia lunata, exophiala jeanselmei, fonsecaea pedrosoi, paecilomyces variotii, and scedosporium apiospermum. the drug appeared to lack significant in vitro inhibitory activity ag ... | 1997 | 9257774 |
| extractive l-lactic acid fermentation with immobilized rhizopus oryzae in a three-phase fluidized bed. | the rhizopus oryzae was immobilized by the calcium alginate entrapment method. a three-phase fluidized-bed bioreactor was designed to perform the immobilized-cell l-lactic acid fermentation. a solvent extraction column was coupled with the bioreactor to remove l-lactic acid from the fermentation broth. the trpo was selected as solvent and sulfonated kerosene as diluent. the results indicated that the ph value in the broth was regulated above ph 3.5 and the fermentation rate was as high as 11 g l ... | 1997 | 9429778 |
| in vitro activity of the new triazole voriconazole (uk-109,496) against opportunistic filamentous and dimorphic fungi and common and emerging yeast pathogens. | the in vitro antifungal activity of a new triazole derivative, voriconazole, was compared with those of itraconazole and amphotericin b against 67 isolates of aspergillus flavus, aspergillus fumigatus, bipolaris spp., fusarium oxysporum, fusarium solani, pseudallescheria boydii, rhizopus arrhizus, blastomyces dermatitidis, histoplasma capsulatum, and sporothrix schenckii. the in vitro activities of voriconazole were also compared with those of amphotericin b, fluconazole, and itraconazole agains ... | 1998 | 9431946 |
| microbial models of soil metabolism: biotransformations of danofloxacin. | danofloxacin is a new synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent under development for exclusive use in veterinary medicine. such use could lead to deposition of low levels of danofloxacin residues in the environment in manure from treated livestock. this study was conducted to evaluate the potential for indigenous soil microorganisms to metabolize danofloxacin. cultures of 72 soil microorganisms representing a diverse panel of bacteria, fungi and yeast were incubated with danofloxacin mesyla ... | 1997 | 9451835 |
| biocompatibility of potential wound management products: hydrogen peroxide generation by fungal chitin/chitosans and their effects on the proliferation of murine l929 fibroblasts in culture. | agaricus bisporus, fusarium graminearum, phycomyces blakesleeanus, unbleached and bleached, rhizomucor miehei, and rhizopus oryzae were examined as sources of fungal chitin/chitosan. the nitrogen content of the alkalitreated mycelia/sporangiophores obtained after optimization of culture conditions, and of similarly treated a. bisporus stipes, was 2.87, 1.29, 6.27, 6.50, 4.80, and 4.95% w/w, respectively, which relates to an estimated chitin content of 42, 19, 91, 94, 70, and 72%, respectively. t ... | 1998 | 9457561 |
| inhibition of lipases from chromobacterium viscosum and rhizopus oryzae by tetrahydrolipstatin. | tetrahydrolipstatin is known as an inhibitor for pancreatic lipase but not for microbial lipases. in this paper we demonstrate that in the presence of water-insoluble substrates like tributyrin or olive oil, tetrahydrolipstatin inhibits the lipases of chromobacterium viscosum and rhizopus oryzae, although with different potency. in contrast to porcine pancreatic lipase, which forms an irreversible and covalent enzyme-inhibitor complex with tetrahydrolipstatin, the inhibition of the microbial lip ... | 1998 | 9461253 |
| primary cutaneous mucormycosis in a premature infant: case report and review of the literature. | mucormycosis is an uncommon infection caused by fungi of the order mucorales, family mucoraceae, and almost always occurs in individuals with predisposing factors such as diabetes mellitus, metabolic acidosis, or immunodeficiency states. although mucormycosis is a rare infection in childhood, sporadic cases of skin infections have been described in young infants and older children; primary skin infection has been associated with multiple nosocomial outbreaks caused by contaminated elastic bandag ... | 1998 | 9475685 |
| cardiolipin hydrolysis by human phospholipases a2. the multiple enzymatic activities of human cytosolic phospholipase a2. | the ability of mammalian phospholipases a2 (pla2) to hydrolyse cardiolipin (diphosphatidylglycerol) was monitored with a fluorescent displacement assay which allows the use of natural phospholipid substrates. the mammalian enzymes used were porcine pancreatic (group i) secretory pla2 (spla2), human non-pancreatic (group ii) spla2 and human cytosolic pla2 (cpla2). high activity was observed with porcine pancreas spla2 whereas the human spla2 demonstrated only minimal activity with this substrate. ... | 1998 | 9487141 |
| treatment of rhinocerebral mucormycosis with intravenous interstitial, and cerebrospinal fluid administration of amphotericin b: case report. | rhinocerebral mucormycosis is extremely difficult to treat. approximately 70% of patients are poorly controlled diabetics, and many of the remainder are immunocompromised as a consequence of cytotoxic drugs, burn injuries, or end-stage renal disease. despite standard treatment consisting of surgical debridement and the intravenous administration of amphotericin b, rhinocerebral mucormycosis is usually a fatal disease. | 1998 | 9527000 |
| evaluation of possible correlations between antifungal susceptibilities of filamentous fungi in vitro and antifungal treatment outcomes in animal infection models. | nine isolates of filamentous fungi previously tested in 11 different laboratories for their susceptibilities to amphotericin b and itraconazole in vitro were injected intravenously into mice and guinea pigs, and responses to treatment with both agents were studied. the experiments were done in a single laboratory. mean survival times, the percentages of animals surviving 12 days after infection, and culture results for samples of deep organs obtained postmortem were used as markers of antifungal ... | 1998 | 9527773 |
| rapid extraction of genomic dna from medically important yeasts and filamentous fungi by high-speed cell disruption. | current methods of dna extraction from different fungal pathogens are often time-consuming and require the use of toxic chemicals. dna isolation from some fungal organisms is difficult due to cell walls or capsules that are not readily susceptible to lysis. we therefore investigated a new and rapid dna isolation method using high-speed cell disruption (hscd) incorporating chaotropic reagents and lysing matrices in comparison to standard phenol-chloroform (pc) extraction protocols for isolation o ... | 1998 | 9620390 |
| biodegradation of anthracene by soil fungi. groupe pour l'etude du devenir des xénobiotiques dans l'environnement (gedexe). | a selection of 39 strains of micromycetes known as good degraders of polychlorinated aromatic compounds, mostly isolated from soil and belonging to various taxonomic groups, have been investigated for anthracene degradation. toxicity and consumption assays, first evaluated on solid media, have not shown any toxicity of anthracene (1-100 mg.l-1) towards fungi. degradation of anthracene (10 mg.l-1) was then investigated in a liquid synthetic medium for 4 days and evaluated by hplc. among the 39 st ... | 1998 | 9661278 |
| the rhizopus oryzae secreted aspartic proteinase gene family: an analysis of gene expression. | rhizopus oryzae was shown to possess a secreted aspartic proteinase gene family (sap) of at least four members (sap1-sap4). within the family there was 77-87% identity at the nucleotide level and 76-92% identity at the amino acid level. transcription of three members of this gene family (sap1-sap3) required an acidic medium (ph < 4.5) and either nitrogen or sulphur depression. regulation was co-ordinate and hierarchical, with ph occupying the higher position in the hierarchy. exogenous protein i ... | 1998 | 9720058 |
| comparison of in vitro activities of the new triazole sch56592 and the echinocandins mk-0991 (l-743,872) and ly303366 against opportunistic filamentous and dimorphic fungi and yeasts. | the in vitro antifungal activities of sch56592, mk-0991, and ly303366 against 83 isolates of acremonium strictum, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus terreus, bipolaris spp., blastomyces dermatitidis, cladophialophora bantiana, fusarium oxysporum, fusarium solani, histoplasma capsulatum, phialophora spp., pseudallescheria boydii, rhizopus arrhizus, scedosporium prolificans, and sporothrix schenckii were compared. the in vitro activities of these agents against 104 isolates of ... | 1998 | 9738049 |
| rational design of rhizopus oryzae lipase with modified stereoselectivity toward triradylglycerols. | the binding site of sn-1(3)-regioselective rhizopus oryzae lipase (rol) has been engineered to change the stereoselectivity of hydrolysis of triacylglycerol substrates and analogs. two types of prochiral triradylglycerols were considered: 'flexible' substrates with ether, benzylether or ester groups, and 'rigid' substrates with amide or phenyl groups, respectively, in the sn-2 position. the molecular basis of sn-1(3) stereoselectivity of rol was investigated by modeling the interactions between ... | 1998 | 9749920 |
| efficient production of l-(+)-lactic acid using mycelial cotton-like flocs of rhizopus oryzae in an air-lift bioreactor. | l-(+)-lactic acid production was enhanced in a culture of rhizopus oryzae by induction of a mycelial flocs morphology. by conventional culture the morphology of r. oryzae is that of a pellet-like cake; however, when mineral support and poly(ethylene oxide) are added to the culture, the morphology of r. oryzae takes on a cotton-like appearance. the formation of these cotton-like mycelial flocs was induced by the addition of 5 ppm poly(ethylene oxide) into a 12-14 h culture containing 3 g/l of the ... | 1998 | 9758658 |
| cloning, expression, characterization and role of the leader sequence of a lipase from rhizopus oryzae. | a lipase from rhizopus oryzae dsm 853 (rol) was cloned from a chromosomal gene bank, sequenced and overexpressed in escherichia coli. rol and its precursors prorol and preprorol were purified and their ph and temperature profile was determined. in contrast to rol, prorol and preprorol had considerably higher thermostability and a slightly higher ph optimum. moreover, it could be demonstrated by in vitro experiments that the natural leader sequence of rol is able to inhibit the folding supporting ... | 1998 | 9765593 |
| sordarins: in vitro activities of new antifungal derivatives against pathogenic yeasts, pneumocystis carinii, and filamentous fungi. | gm 193663, gm 211676, gm 222712, and gm 237354 are new semisynthetic derivatives of the sordarin class. the in vitro antifungal activities of gm 193663, gm 211676, gm 222712, and gm 237354 against 111 clinical yeast isolates of candida albicans, candida kefyr, candida glabrata, candida parapsilosis, candida krusei, and cryptococcus neoformans were compared. the in vitro activities of some of these compounds against pneumocystis carinii, 20 isolates each of aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillus f ... | 1998 | 9797217 |
| stability of porcine and microbial lipases to conditions that approximate the proventriculus of young birds. | in vitro experiments were conducted to characterize the activity and the stability of lipase from animal (crude porcine, cpl; lyophilized porcine, lpl), fungal (rhizopus arrhizus, ral; aspergillus niger, anl), and bacterial (two pseudomonas spp., pl1, pl2; and chromobacterium viscosum, cvl) sources when exposed to conditions associated with the glandular stomach. activity was measured at ph 3 to 8, 40 c and then monitored in response to temperature (40 c), time of exposure (0 and 30 min), ph (3 ... | 1998 | 9835341 |
| assimilation of cellooligosaccharides by a cell surface-engineered yeast expressing beta-glucosidase and carboxymethylcellulase from aspergillus aculeatus | since saccharomyces cerevisiae lacks the cellulase complexes that hydrolyze cellulosic materials, which are abundant in the world, two types of hydrolytic enzymes involved in the degradation of cellulosic materials to glucose were genetically co-immobilized on its cell surface for direct utilization of cellulosic materials, one of the final goals of our studies. the genes encoding fi-carboxymethylcellulase (cmcase) and beta-glucosidase from the fungus aspergillus aculeatus were individually fuse ... | 1998 | 9835574 |
| functional expression of rhizopus oryzae lipase in pichia pastoris: high-level production and some properties. | the mature lipase of the fungus rhizopus oryzae (rol) was functionally expressed and secreted in the methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris. in a batch cultivation, where methanol feeding was linked to the dissolved oxygen content in the cultivation solution, a lipase activity of 500,000 units per liter (60 mg active lipase per liter) of culture was achieved after initial glycerol feeding of the culture. recombinant rol lipase was purified to homogeneity by a simple two-step purification procedure ... | 1998 | 9866866 |
| antisporulating and respiration-inhibitory effects of essential oils on filamentous fungi. | sporulation of four species of filamentous fungi, namely aspergillus fumigatus, fusarium solani, penicillium expansum and rhizopus oryzae, was suppressed by gaseous contact with citron, lavender and thyme oils and, to a lesser extent, by that of perilla and tea tree oils. lemongrass and cinnamon bark oils were scarcely active. the antisporulating effect of the essential oils was not observed when they were applied as a solution, indicating that their vapours were the active form. moreover, expos ... | 1998 | 9916464 |
| a toolbox of recombinant lipases for industrial applications. | we created a toolbox of recombinant, microbial lipases, which allows us in combination with a lipase database to choose among the overexpressed lipases the most appropriate for a specific application and to improve it further via mutagenesis. by systematic comparison of geometry and properties of the scissile fatty acid binding site of five representative lipases of each family of structurally homologous lipases, three subgroups can be defined. hence, efficient expression systems for the functio ... | 1998 | 9928080 |
| decolorization and detoxification of extraction-stage effluent from chlorine bleaching of kraft pulp by rhizopus oryzae. | rhizopus oryzae, a zygomycete, was found to decolorize, dechlorinate, and detoxify bleach plant effluent at lower cosubstrate concentrations than the basidiomycetes previously investigated. with glucose at 1 g/liter, this fungus removed 92 to 95% of the color, 50% of the chemical oxygen demand, 72% of the adsorbable organic halide, and 37% of the extractable organic halide in 24 h at temperatures of 25 to 45 degrees c and a ph of 3 to 5. even without added cosubstrate the fungus removed up to 78 ... | 1999 | 10049866 |
| in-vitro activity of voriconazole, itraconazole and amphotericin b against filamentous fungi. | the in-vitro fungistatic and fungicidal activities of voriconazole were compared with those of itraconazole and amphotericin b. mics for 110 isolates belonging to 11 species of filamentous fungi were determined by a broth microdilution adaptation of the method recommended by the national committee for clinical laboratory standards. minimum lethal concentrations (mlcs) of the three antifungal agents were also determined. the mic ranges of the three compounds were comparable for aspergillus flavus ... | 1998 | 10052897 |
| development of an arming yeast strain for efficient utilization of starch by co-display of sequential amylolytic enzymes on the cell surface. | the construction of a whole-cell biocatalyst with its sequential reaction has been performed by the genetic immobilization of two amylolytic enzymes on the yeast cell surface. a recombinant strain of saccharomyces cerevisiae that displays glucoamylase and alpha-amylase on its cell surface was constructed and its starch-utilizing ability was evaluated. the gene encoding rhizopus oryzae glucoamylase, with its own secretion signal peptide, and a truncated fragment of the alpha-amylase gene from bac ... | 1999 | 10077821 |
| biodegradation of fluoranthene by soil fungi. | a selection of 39 strains of micromycetes known as good degraders of polychlorinated aromatic compounds, mostly isolated from soil and belonging to various taxonomic groups, have been investigated for fluoranthene degradation. toxicity assays, first evaluated on solid medium mea, have not shown any toxicity of fluoranthene (1-100 mg.l-1) towards fungi. whereas, consumption assays on a solid synthetic medium showed a toxicity at 100 mg.l-1. the degradation of fluoranthene (10 mg.l-1) was then inv ... | 1999 | 10230046 |
| interactions of fluorescent triacylglycerol analogs covalently bound to the active site of a lipase from rhizopus oryzae. | fluorescent triacylglycerol analogs were synthesized as covalent inhibitors of lipase activity. the respective 1(3), 2-o-dialkylglycero-3(1)-alkyl-phosphonic acid p-nitrophenyl esters contain a fluorescent pyrenealkyl chain and a long-chain alkyl residue bound to the sn-2 and sn-1(3) positions of glycerol, respectively. the phosphonic acid p-nitrophenyl ester bond is susceptible to nucleophilic substitution by the active serine residue in the catalytic triad of a lipase, leading to inactivation ... | 1999 | 10231365 |
| effect of water extracts of rhizopus delemar on the stimulus coupled responses of neutrophils and their modulation by various protein kinase inhibitors. | human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes were preincubated with water extracts from rhizopus delemar. the water extracts significantly inhibited arachidonic acid induced superoxide generation, whereas enhanced superoxide generation induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate but not those induced by n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine. superoxide generation induced by water extracts was inhibited by staurosporine, an inhibitor of protein kinase c, and was enhanced by genistein, an ... | 1999 | 10340437 |
| microbial transformation of sesquiterpene lactones by the fungi cunninghamella echinulata and rhizopus oryzae | incubations of the fungi cunninghamella echinulata and rhizopus oryzae with the sesquiterpene lactones (+)-costunolide (1), (+)-cnicin (2), (+)-salonitenolide (3), (-)-dehydrocostuslactone (4), (-)-lychnopholide (5), and (-)-eremantholide c (6) were perfomed. incubation of 1 with c. echinulata afforded delta11(13)-dihydrogenation and delta1(10)-epoxidation products (7-10). c. echinulata also hydrolyzed the side chain of 2, and transformed 4 into (+)-11alpha,13-dihydrodehydrocostuslactone (12), a ... | 1999 | 10346955 |
| synthesis and enzymatic degradation of optically active depsipeptide copolymers. | this paper describes the synthesis and biodegradation of copolymers of cyclic depsipeptide with epsilon-caprolactone (cl) or lactide (la). optically active cyclic depsipeptides, 3,6-dimethyl-2,5-morpholinediones (dmos), were prepared by the reaction of an amino acid (d-, l-, or dl-alanine) with a hydroxy acid derivative (dl-2-bromopropionyl bromide). these isomers are abbreviated as d-dmo, l-dmo and dl-dmo respectively, according to the names of alanine isomers. then, we have prepared the copoly ... | 1999 | 10385224 |
| molecular dynamics of microbial lipases as determined from their intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence. | we have studied the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence of the lipases from chromobacterium viscosum (cvl), pseudomonas species (psl), and rhizopus oryzae (rol) in aqueous buffer, zwitterionic detergent micelles, and isopropanol-water mixtures. it was the purpose of this study to obtain information about biophysical properties of the respective enzymes under conditions that modulate enzyme activities and stereoselectivities to a significant extent. according to their decay-associated emission spec ... | 1999 | 10388774 |
| biotransformation of the diperpenoid, isosteviol, by aspergillus niger, penicillium chrysogenum and rhizopus arrhizus. | the biotransformation of isosteviol (ent-16-ketobeyeran-19-oic acid) by three fungi is described. aspergillus niger produced the 7 beta-oh derivative, ent-7 alpha-hydroxy-16-ketobeyeran-19-oic, and the 1 alpha, 7 beta-dioh derivative, ent-1 beta, 7 alpha-dihydroxy-16-ketobeyeran-19-oic acid. the 17-oh compound, ent-17-hydroxy-16-ketobeyeran-19-oic acid, was obtained with penicillium chrysogenum. rhizopus arrhizus produced the 7 beta-oh derivative, ent-7 alpha-hydroxy-16-ketobeyeran-19-oic acid. ... | 1999 | 10389273 |
| non-thiazolidinedione antihyperglycaemic agents. part 3: the effects of stereochemistry on the potency of alpha-methoxy-beta-phenylpropanoic acids. | rhizopus delemar lipase catalysed ester hydrolysis of the alpha-methoxy-beta-phenylpropanoate 1 affords the (r)-(+) and (s)-(-) isomers in > 84% enantiomeric excess. absolute stereochemistry was determined by a single crystal x-ray analysis of a related synthetic analogue. the activity of these two enantiomers on glucose transport in vitro and as anti-diabetic agents in vivo is reported and their unexpected equivalence attributed to an enzyme-mediated stereospecific isomerisation of the (r)-(+) ... | 1999 | 10400335 |
| bronchial mucormycosis with progressive air trapping. | a previously healthy 70-year-old woman developed fever, cough, and exertional dyspnea. her symptoms progressed over a 2-month period despite treatment by her primary care physician with 2 courses of oral antibiotics and the addition of prednisone. hypoxemia and the finding of hyperglycemia with mild ketoacidosis led to hospital admission. serial chest radiographs demonstrated diffuse heterogeneous pulmonary opacities and progressive air trapping in the right lower lobe. fiberoptic bronchoscopy r ... | 1999 | 10405701 |
| highly selective synthesis of 1,3-oleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol by lipase catalysis. | 1,3-oleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol (opo), an important structured triglyceride in infant nutrition, was synthesized by a two-step process in high yields and purity using sn1,3-regiospecific lipases. in the first step, tripalmitin (tp) was subjected to an alcoholysis reaction in an organic solvent catalyzed by sn1,3-regiospecific lipases yielding the corresponding 2-monopalmitin (2-mp). the 2-mp was isolated in up to 85% yield and >95% purity by crystallization and esterified in the second step with ... | 1999 | 10417216 |
| microbial transformation of sampangine. | microbial transformation studies of the antifungal alkaloid sampangine (2) have revealed that it is metabolized by a number of microorganisms. using a standard two-stage fermentation technique, beauvaria bassiana (atcc 7159), doratomyces microsporus (atcc 16225), and filobasidiella neoformans (atcc 10226) produced the 4'-o-methyl-beta-glucopyranose conjugate (3), while absidia glauca (atcc 22752), cunninghamella elegans (atcc 9245), cunninghamella species (nrrl 5695), and rhizopus arrhizus (atcc ... | 1999 | 10425122 |
| the evolution of starch-binding domain. | amylolytic enzymes belonging to three distinct families of glycosidases (13, 14, 15) contain the starch-binding domain (sbd) positioned almost exclusively at the c-terminus. detailed analysis of all available sbd sequences from 43 different amylases revealed its independent evolutionary behaviour with regard to the catalytic domains. in the evolutionary tree based on sequence alignment of the sbds, taxonomy is respected so that fungi and actinomycetes form their own separate parts surrounded by ... | 1999 | 10452542 |
| effect of infection by rhizopus oryzae on biochemical composition of stored potato tubers. | the carbohydrate fractions, protein and lipid contents of two cultivars of potato namely, irish cobbler and red pontiac, were altered quantitatively by rhizopus oryzae during the 10-day incubation period. glucose content increased during the incubation period for both healthy and inoculated tubers. starch, maltose, sucrose, protein and lipid contents decreased more rapidly in inoculated tubers than in healthy tubers in both cultivars. the depletion in starch and protein in the infected tubers ap ... | 1999 | 10472791 |
| microbial hydroxylation of natural drimenic lactones. | incubation of confertifolin and isodrimenin with mucor plumbeus, aspergillus niger or rhizopus arrhizus gave in good yields the corresponding 3 beta-hydroxy derivatives. from isodrimenin, the known natural 7 alpha-hydroxy derivative (futronolide) was also obtained and its structure was definitely established by x-ray crystallographic study of its acetate derivative. | 1999 | 10513402 |
| independent production of two molecular forms of a recombinant rhizopus oryzae lipase by kex2-engineered strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae. | a mixture of rprorol having the full-length prosequence (97 amino acids) for a recombinant lipase of rhizopus oryzae (rrol) and r28rol having 28 amino acids of the same prosequence has been produced as active forms by saccharomyces cerevisiae [takahashi et al. (1998) j ferment bioeng 86: 164-168]. however, the separation of rprorol and r28rol has not been successful due to their identical behavior on column chromatographs, presumably because of the similarity of their surface properties. the ind ... | 1999 | 10570801 |
| overview of spa-s-843 in vitro activity against filamentous fungi. | in this study, we investigated the in vitro antifungal activity of a new water-soluble partricin a derivative, n-dimethylaminoacetyl-partricin a 2-dimethylaminoethylamide diascorbate, coded spa-843, currently developed by società prodotti antibiotici. the activity of spa-s-843 was compared to that of amphotericin b against 13 strains of aspergillus spp., 4 strains of mucor sp., 4 strains of rhizopus oryzae, 2 strains paecilomyces variotii, 5 strains of penicillium spp., 1 strain of sporothrix sc ... | 2000 | 10601795 |
| microbial transformation of delta 9(15)-africanene. | incubation of delta 9(15)-africanene with fungi aspergillus niger and rhizopus oryzae for 8 days yielded two oxidized derivatives, 10 alpha-hydroxy-delta 9(15)-africanene and 9 alpha,15-epoxyafricanane. the structure of the two products were assigned by interpretation of their spectral data. | 1999 | 10647214 |
| primary cutaneous mucormycosis in a trauma patient. | we report a rare case of primary cutaneous mucormycosis caused by rhizopus oryzae that occurred in an immunocompetent trauma patient. the patient had encrusted erythematous plaques with pustules on the left shin, which had been abraded in a traffic accident. histologic examination revealed widespread granulomatous inflammation and characteristic broad, non-septate hyphae with right-angle branching in the dermis. the infection was cured with intravenous amphotericin b therapy. | 1999 | 10659506 |
| enzymatic fatty acid exchange in digalactosyldiacylglycerol. | six different lipases were screened for their ability of acidolysis between digalactosyldiacylglycerol (dgdg) and heptadecanoic acid in toluene. lipases from geotrichum candidum, alcaligenes sp. and penicillium camembertii did not catalyse the acidolysis reaction. rhizopus arrhizus and rhizomucor miehei (lipozyme) catalysed the acidolysis but produced a mixture of dgmg, dgdg, acyl-dgmg and acyl-dgdg. the extra acyl group is bound to the primary hydroxyl of the digalactosyl moiety. candida antarc ... | 2000 | 10660208 |
| case report. localized pulmonary zygomycosis without pre-existing immunocompromised status. | pulmonary zygomycosis rarely occurs without pre-existing immunocompromised disease. a 72-year-old male was found to have a nodular shadow (3 cm x 4 cm) in the right s8 and s9 on a chest x-ray. right lower lobectomy was performed and histological examination of the resected material demonstrated pulmonary zygomycosis. hyphae stained positively not only with grocott-gomori methenamine silver staining, but also with an anti-rhizopus oryzae polyclonal antibody. | 1999 | 10680447 |
| purification and characterization of an extracellular lipase from a thermophilic rhizopus oryzae strain isolated from palm fruit. | we have isolated a lipolytic strain from palm fruit that was identified as a rhizopus oryzae. culture conditions were optimized and highest lipase production amounting to 120 u/ml was achieved after 4 days of cultivation. the extracellular lipase was purified 1200-fold by ammonium sulfate precipitation, sulphopropyl-sepharose chromatography, sephadex g 75 gel filtration and a second sulphopropyl-sepharose chromatography. the specific activity of the purified enzyme was 8800 u/mg. the lipolytic e ... | 2000 | 10713217 |
| lead, copper and zinc biosorption from biocomponent systems modelled by empirical freundlich isotherm. | the biosorption of lead, copper and zinc ions on rhizopus arrhizus has been studied for three single-component and two binary systems. the equilibrium data have been analysed using the freundlich adsorption model. the characteristic parameters for the freundlich adsorption model have been determined and the competition coefficients for the competitive biosorption of pb(ii)-cu(ii) at ph 4.0 and 5.0, and pb(ii)-zn(ii) at ph 5.0 have been calculated. for the individual single-component isotherms, l ... | 2000 | 10772476 |
| isolation and expression of lactate dehydrogenase genes from rhizopus oryzae. | rhizopus oryzae is used for industrial production of lactic acid, yet little is known about the genetics of this fungus. in this study i cloned two genes, ldha and ldhb, which code for nad(+)-dependent l-lactate dehydrogenases (ldh) (ec 1.1.1.27), from a lactic acid-producing strain of r. oryzae. these genes are similar to each other and exhibit more than 90% nucleotide sequence identity and they contain no introns. this is the first description of ldh genes in a fungus, and sequence comparisons ... | 2000 | 10831409 |
| mycelial pellet formation by rhizopus oryzae atcc 20344. | factors in a cultivation medium affecting fungal growth morphology and fumaric acid production by rhizopus oryzae atcc 20344 were investigated. these factors included the initial ph value and trace metals such as zinc, magnesium, iron, and manganese in the cultivation medium. it was found that a significant change in the growth morphology of r. oryzae atcc 20344 occurs when the initial ph value is varied. a lower initial ph value in the cultivation medium was inhibitory to fungal growth, and fas ... | 2000 | 10849836 |
| new type of starch-binding domain: the direct repeat motif in the c-terminal region of bacillus sp. no. 195 alpha-amylase contributes to starch binding and raw starch degrading. | the alpha-amylase from bacillus sp. no. 195 (baa) consists of two domains: one is the catalytic domain similar to alpha-amylases from animals and streptomyces in the n-terminal region; the other is the functionally unknown domain composed of an approx. 90-residue direct repeat in the c-terminal region. the gene coding for baa was expressed in streptomyces lividans tk24. three active forms of the gene products were found. the ph and thermal profiles of baas, and their catalytic activities for p-n ... | 2000 | 10947962 |
| determination of the biosorption heats of heavy metal ions on zoogloea ramigera and rhizopus arrhizus. | the biosorption of fe(iii), cr(vi), pb(ii), cu(ii) and ni(ii) ions on zoogloea ramigera (activated sludge bacterium) and rhizopus arrhizus (filamentous fungus) has been studied as a function of initial metal ion concentration and temperature. the applicability of the langmuir model for each metal-microorganism system has been tested at different temperatures. the enthalpy change for the biosorption process has been evaluated by using the langmuir constant b, related to the energy of adsorption. ... | 2000 | 10959085 |
| biotransformations with rhizopus arrhizus and geotrichum candidum for the preparation of (s)-atenolol and (s)-propranolol. | (+/-)-atenolol/(+/-)-propranolol and their acetates were incubated with the fungus rhizopus arrhizus and geotrichum candidum separately for different time intervals to afford (s)-atenolol/(s)-propranolol in good optical yield. the time and ph for this biotransformation was optimised. the present biodegradations using rhizopus arrhizus and geotrichum candidum provides a simple and useful method to obtain (s)-atenolol and (s)-propranolol which are active enantiomers of the beta-adrenergic blockers ... | 2000 | 11003151 |
| the his gap motif in microbial lipases: a determinant of stereoselectivity toward triacylglycerols and analogs. | lipases preferably hydrolyze the sn-1 and sn-3 acyl chain of triacylglycerols and sn-2 substituted analogs. molecular modeling studies of the stereopreference of microbial lipases from rhizopus oryzae, rhizomucor miehei, candida rugosa, and lipase b from candida antarctica toward the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols and analogs revealed that sterical interactions occurring between the sn-2 substituent and the his gap affect substrate geometry, which can be monitored by a single torsion angle. this ... | 2000 | 11099801 |
| rt-pcr amplification of a rhizopus oryzae lactate dehydrogenase gene fragment. | no amino acid or dna sequence information in sequence databases was found for a fungal lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) isozyme. highly conserved regions in the lactate dehydrogenase enzymes of all taxonomies are found to be betaalphabeta nucleotide binding and substrate binding sites, also catalysis/active site. the conserved regions were selected as pcr primer target regions. the degenerate primers were designed according to the codon usage, determined by analyzing a number of different genes of rh ... | 2001 | 11166821 |
| fatty acid steryl, stanyl, and steroid esters by esterification and transesterification in vacuo using candida rugosa lipase as catalyst. | sterols (sitosterol, cholesterol, stigmasterol, ergosterol, and 7-dehydrocholesterol) and sitostanol have been converted in high to near-quantitative yields to the corresponding long-chain acyl esters via esterification with fatty acids or transesterification with methyl esters of fatty acids or triacylglycerols using lipase from candida rugosa as biocatalyst in vacuo (20-40 mbar) at 40 degrees c. neither organic solvent nor water is added in these reactions. under similar conditions, cholestero ... | 2001 | 11170561 |
| pulmonary mucormycosis in a diabetic patient. | we present the case of a 54 year-old male from moldavia with diabetes mellitus (type ii diabetic), admitted to hospital in january 1999, with ketoacidosis and consolidation of the lower left lobe. the diagnosis of mucormycosis was confirmed by identification of large, nonseptate hyphae of the order mucorales. a strain of rhizopus oryzae (rhizopus arrhizus) was isolated from culture on sabouraud medium. the patient was treated by systemic amphotericin b, associated with surgical debridement (lobe ... | 2000 | 11173713 |
| optimization of the high-level production of rhizopus oryzae lipase in pichia pastoris. | the lipases of the rhizopus species family are important and versatile enzymes that are mainly used in fat and oil modification due to their strong 1,3-regiospecificity. inexpensive synthetic medium was used for the production of rhizopus oryzae lipase in the methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris. methanol accumulation inside the bioreactor has previously been shown to negatively influence the production level. three different methanol fed-batch strategies for maintaining the methanol concentrati ... | 2001 | 11223145 |
| mycoflora and mycotoxins in brazilian black pepper, white pepper and brazil nuts. | a wide range of field and storage fungi were isolated from black pepper, white pepper and brazil nut kernels from amazonia. a total of 42 species were isolated from both peppers. aspergillus flavus and a. niger were isolated more frequently from black than from white pepper. other potential mycotoxigenic species isolated included: a. ochraceus, a. tamarii, a. versicolor, emericella nidulans and chaetomium globosum, penicillium brevicompactum, p. citrinum, p. islandicum and p. glabrum. species is ... | 2000 | 11229375 |
| in vitro fungicidal activities of voriconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin b against opportunistic moniliaceous and dematiaceous fungi. | the nccls proposed standard m38-p describes standard parameters for testing the fungistatic antifungal activities (mics) of established agents against filamentous fungi (molds); however, standard conditions are not available for testing their fungicidal activities (minimum fungicidal or lethal concentrations [mfcs]). this study evaluated the in vitro fungistatic and fungicidal activities of voriconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin b against 260 common and emerging molds (174 aspergillus sp. ... | 2001 | 11230410 |
| comparison of the e-test with the nccls m38-p method for antifungal susceptibility testing of common and emerging pathogenic filamentous fungi. | the national committee for clinical laboratory standards (nccls) m38-p method describes standard parameters for testing the fungistatic antifungal activities (mics) of established agents against filamentous fungi (molds). the present study evaluated the in vitro fungistatic activities of itraconazole and amphotericin b by the e-test and the nccls m38-p microdilution method against 186 common and emerging pathogenic molds (123 isolates of aspergillus spp. [five species], 16 isolates of fusarium s ... | 2001 | 11283057 |
| removal of herbicides from liquid media by fungi isolated from a contaminated soil. | fungi were isolated from soil samples corresponding to pesticide-contaminated soil (cs) and noncontaminated soil (ncs) in the annaba vicinity (algeria) and identified. the number of isolates obtained from cs and ncs were 263 and 288, respectively. the most frequent species (aspergillus fumigatus, a. niger, a. terreus, absidia corymbifera, and rhizopus microsporus var microsporus) were not sensitive to the pesticides. the growth of the genus trichoderma was inhibited by the pesticides, while gene ... | 2001 | 11285902 |