Publications

meat goat kids finished on alfalfa, red clover or orchardgrass pastures: carcass merit and meat quality.	this experiment was conducted in 2005-2007 to evaluate carcass and chevon (goat meat) quality parameters when meat-goat kids (n=72) were finished on alfalfa (medicago sativa l; alf); red clover (trifolium pratense l.; rcg); or orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.; ogr) pastures. carcass conformation score was greater (p=0.08) when meat-goat kids were finished on alf compared to ogr with rcg intermediate. chevon meat samples from goats finished on the three pasture treatments did not differ in ash ...	2014	25089787
genomic characterization of the leed..peeds, a gene family unique to the medicago lineage.	the leed..peed (lp) gene family in medicago truncatula (a17) is composed of 13 genes coding small putatively secreted peptides with one to two conserved domains of negatively charged residues. this family is not present in the genomes of glycine max, lotus japonicus, or the irlc species cicer arietinum. lp genes were also not detected in a trifolium pratense draft genome or pisum sativum nodule transcriptome, which were sequenced de novo in this study, suggesting that the lp gene family arose wi ...	2014	25155275
genome sequence of ensifer arboris strain lmg 14919(t); a microsymbiont of the legume prosopis chilensis growing in kosti, sudan.	ensifer arboris lmg 14919(t) is an aerobic, motile, gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod that can exist as a soil saprophyte or as a legume microsymbiont of several species of legume trees. lmg 14919(t) was isolated in 1987 from a nodule recovered from the roots of the tree prosopis chilensis growing in kosti, sudan. lmg 14919(t) is highly effective at fixing nitrogen with p. chilensis (chilean mesquite) and acacia senegal (gum arabic tree or gum acacia). lmg 14919(t) does not nodulate the tree ...	2014	25197433
evaluation of physical structure value in spring-harvested grass/clover silage and hay fed to heifers.	the physical structure value of conserved grass/clover forages of spring harvest was evaluated by assessing effects of harvest time, conservation method, indf/ndf ratio and ndf intake (ndfi) per kg bw on chewing activity and fecal particle size in dairy heifers. a mixed sward consisting of ryegrass (lolium perenne), red clover (trifolium pratense) and white clover (trifolium repens) was harvested in 2009 on may 9 (early) and 25 (late), and both cuts were conserved as silage and hay. the early si ...	2015	25245025
gastrointestinal metabolism of phytoestrogens in lactating dairy cows fed silages with different botanical composition.	dietary phytoestrogens are metabolized or converted in the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants, only limited knowledge exists on the extent and location of this conversion in vivo. the objective of this study was to quantify the gastro-intestinal metabolism of phytoestrogens in lactating dairy cows fed silages with different botanical composition. four lactating rumen cannulated norwegian red cattle were assigned to a 4 × 4 latin square with 1 cow per treatment period of 3 wk. the 4 treatment si ...	2014	25306275
kazusa marker database: a database for genomics, genetics, and molecular breeding in plants.	in order to provide useful genomic information for agronomical plants, we have established a database, the kazusa marker database (http://marker.kazusa.or.jp). this database includes information on dna markers, e.g., ssr and snp markers, genetic linkage maps, and physical maps, that were developed at the kazusa dna research institute. keyword searches for the markers, sequence data used for marker development, and experimental conditions are also available through this database. currently, 10 pl ...	2014	25320561
the effect of high polyphenol oxidase grass silage on metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids and nitrogen across the rumen of beef steers.	polyphenol oxidase (ppo) activity in red clover (trifolium pratense) has been reported to reduce both proteolysis and lipolysis, resulting in greater n use efficiency and protection of pufa across the rumen. although high levels of ppo have been reported in grasses such as cocksfoot (orchard grass; dactylis glomerata), no in vivo research has determined whether grass ppo elicits the same response as red clover ppo. to test the hypothesis that silage ensiled from grass with high levels of ppo pro ...	2014	25349355
plant derived alternatives for hormone replacement therapy (hrt).	abstract hormone replacement therapy (hrt) has undisputable positive effects on climacteric complaints, in the bone and on body weight but also several undesired side effects. therefore, plant-derived alternatives are currently promoted. phytoestrogens - primarily the isoflavones genistein, daidzein and coumestrol, stemming from soy (glycine max) or red clover (trifolium pratense) - were suggested to have the desired but not the undesired effects of estrogens. most recently published placebo-con ...	2013	25436745
polyphenol oxidase affects normal nodule development in red clover (trifolium pratense l.).	polyphenol oxidase (ppo) may have multiple functions in tissues depending on its cellular or tissue localization. here we use ppo rnai transformants of red clover (trifolium pratense) to determine the role ppo plays in normal development of plants, and especially in n2-fixing nodules. in red clover, ppo was not essential for either growth or nodule production, or for nodule function in plants grown under optimal, n-free conditions. however, absence of ppo resulted in a more reduced environment i ...	2014	25566275
supercritical fluid chromatography for the separation of isoflavones.	the first protocol for the analysis of isoflavones by supercritical fluid chromatography is reported. optimum results were obtained on an acquity upc(2) beh 1.7 μm column, using a solvent gradient of supercritical carbon dioxide and methanol (with phosphoric acid as additive) for elution. the method enables the baseline separation of nine isoflavones (aglyca and glycosides) in 8 min, and is suitable for their quantitative determination in dietary supplements containing soy (glycine max), red glo ...	2015	25656487
carcass parameters and meat quality in meat-goat kids finished on chicory, birdsfoot trefoil, or red clover pastures.	this study was conducted during the 2009 and 2010 grazing seasons to assess carcass parameters and chevon (goat meat) quality when meat-goat kids (n=72) were finished on pastures of red clover (trifolium pratense l.; rcl), birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus l.; bft), or chicory (cichorium intybus l.; chic). final live weight (p<0.05) and carcass weight (p=0.10) were greater when goats were finished on rcl compared to chic with bft being intermediate. ribeye area, backfat thickness, body wall ...	2015	25817803
a molecular docking study of phytochemical estrogen mimics from dietary herbal supplements.	the purpose of this study is to use a molecular docking approach to identify potential estrogen mimics or anti-estrogens in phytochemicals found in popular dietary herbal supplements.	2015	25878948
the o-specific polysaccharides from phyllobacterium trifolii petp02(t) lps contain 3-c-methyl-d-rhamnose.	the o-specific polysaccharides of phyllobacterium trifolii petp02(t), a microsymbiont of trifolium pratense, were obtained by mild acid hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharide and studied by chemical analyses, mass spectrometry, and (1)h and (13)c nmr spectroscopy, including homonuclear ((1)h,(1)h dqf-cosy, tocsy, noesy) and heteronuclear ((1)h,(13)c hsqc, hmqc, hmbc) experiments. it was revealed that α-d-rhamnose and β-3-c-methyl-d-rhamnose (evalose) were the only components of two identified o-po ...	2015	25917130
no evidence for fabaceae gametophytic self-incompatibility being determined by rosaceae, solanaceae, and plantaginaceae s-rnase lineage genes.	fabaceae species are important in agronomy and livestock nourishment. they have a long breeding history, and most cultivars have lost self-incompatibility (si), a genetic barrier to self-fertilization. nevertheless, to improve legume crop breeding, crosses with wild si relatives of the cultivated varieties are often performed. therefore, it is fundamental to characterize fabaceae si system(s). we address the hypothesis of fabaceae gametophytic (g)si being rnase based, by recruiting the same s-rn ...	2015	26032621
a simple model for pollen-parent fecundity distributions in bee-pollinated forage legume polycrosses.	a simple weibull distribution based empirical model that predicts pollen-parent fecundity distributions based on polycross size alone has been developed in outbred forage legume species for incorporation into quantitative genetic theory. random mating or panmixis is a fundamental assumption in quantitative genetic theory. random mating is sometimes thought to occur in actual fact, although a large body of empirical work shows that this is often not the case in nature. models have been developed ...	2015	26105686
rapd-inferred genetic variability of some indigenous rhizobium leguminosarum isolates from red clover (trifolium pratense l.) nodules.	the application of commercial rhizobial inoculants to legume crops is proving to be an alternative to synthetic fertilizer use. the challenge for sustainable agriculture resides in the compatibility between crop, inoculants and environmental conditions. the evaluation of symbiotic efficiency and genetic diversity of indigenous rhizobial strains could lead to the development of better inoculants and increased crop production. the genetic variability of 32 wild indigenous rhizobial isolates was as ...	2015	26344027
cloning and transformation analysis of isoflavone synthase gene into minshan trifolium pratense.	the aim of this study was to clone the isoflavone synthase (ifs) gene and establish the recombinant minshan trifolium pratense. the ifs gene was cloned from the callus of minshan t. pratense using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. the plant expression vector pri101-an-ifs was constructed and introduced into agrobacterium tumefaciens strain lba4404, and then screened under cephalosporin. ifs expression was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. the ifs gene wa ...	2015	26345862
soluble phenolic compounds in different cultivars of red clover and alfalfa, and their implication for protection against proteolysis and ammonia production in ruminants.	red clover (trifolium pratense) contains soluble phenolic compounds with roles in inhibiting proteolysis and ammonia production. alfalfa (medicago sativa) has been found to have a low phenolic content, but few alfalfa and red clover cultivars have been compared for phenolic content. total soluble phenolics were quantified by a folin-ciocalteu colorimetric assay in nine red clover and 27 alfalfa cultivars. mean total phenolic contents of red clover and alfalfa were 36.5 ± 4.3 mg/gdw and 15.8 ± 1. ...	2015	26411026
therapeutic potential of temperate forage legumes: a review.	the discovery of bioactive molecules from botanical sources is an expanding field, preferentially oriented to plants having a tradition of use in medicine and providing high yields and availability. temperate forage legumes are fabaceae species that include worldwide-important crops. these plants possess therapeutic virtues that have not only been used in veterinary and folk medicine, but have also attracted the interest of official medicine. we have examined here medicago sativa (alfalfa), trif ...	2016	26507574
enemy-free space promotes maintenance of host races in an aphid species.	the enormous biodiversity of herbivorous insects may arise from ecological speciation via continuous host-plant switches. whether such switches are successful depends on the trade-off between different selection pressures that act on herbivores. decreased herbivore performance due to suboptimal nutrition might be compensated for by a reduced natural enemy pressure. as a consequence, an "enemy-free space" on a certain plant might facilitate host-plant switches and maintain biotypes. to test this ...	2016	26520659
transcriptome profiling of a rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii rosr mutant reveals the role of the transcriptional regulator rosr in motility, synthesis of cell-surface components, and other cellular processes.	rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii is a soil bacterium capable of establishing a symbiotic relationship with red clover (trifolium pratense). the presence of surface polysaccharides and other extracellular components as well as motility and competitiveness are essential traits for both adaptation of this bacterium to changing environmental conditions and successful infection of host plant roots. the r. leguminosarum bv. trifolii rosr gene encodes a protein belonging to the family of ros/mucr t ...	2015	26715155
a comparison of the effects of silver nanoparticles and silver nitrate on a suite of soil dwelling organisms in two field soils.	nanomaterials are increasingly used in a wide range of products, leading to growing concern of their environmental fate. in order to understand the fate and effects of silver nanoparticles in the soil environment, a suite of toxicity tests including: plant growth with elymus lanceolatus (northern wheatgrass) and trifolium pratense (red clover); collembolan survival and reproduction (folsomia candida); and earthworm avoidance, survival and reproduction (eisenia andrei) was conducted. the effect o ...	2016	27108659
the effects of ppo activity on the proteome of ingested red clover and implications for improving the nutrition of grazing cattle.	increasing the rumen-stable protein content of feed would lead to improved nitrogen utilisation in cattle, and less nitrogenous waste. red clover (trifolium pratense l.) is a high protein ruminant feed containing high polyphenol oxidase (ppo) activity. ppo mediated protein-quinone binding has been linked to protecting plant proteins from proteolysis. to explore the mechanism underlying the effect of ppo on protein protection in fresh forage feeds, proteomic components of feed down-boli produced ...	2016	27109346
phytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds from the endophyte hypoxylon anthochroum strain blaci isolated from bursera lancifolia (burseraceae).	to evaluate the phytotoxic, antifungal and antioomycete activity; and, determine the chemical composition of the volatile organic compounds (vocs) and semi-volatile metabolites produced by the endophyte hypoxylon anthochroum strain blaci isolated from bursera lancifolia.	2016	27159426
phytotoxic potential of secondary metabolites and semisynthetic compounds from endophytic fungus xylaria feejeensis strain sm3e-1b isolated from sapium macrocarpum.	bioactivity-directed fractionation of the combined culture medium and mycelium extract of the endophytic fungus xylaria feejeensis strain sm3e-1b, isolated from sapium macrocarpum, led to the isolation of three known natural products: (4s,5s,6s)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-methyl-5,6-epoxycyclohex-2-enone or coriloxine, 1; 2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione, 2; and 2,6-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione or fumiquinone b, 3. this is the first report of comp ...	2016	27159617
biosynthesis and antibacterial activity of zno nanoparticles using trifolium pratense flower extract.	zinc oxide (zno) has broad applications in various areas. nanoparticle synthesis using plants is an alternative to conventional physical and chemical methods. it is known that the biological synthesis of nanoparticles is gaining importance due to its simplicity, eco-friendliness and extensive antimicrobial activity. also, in this study we report the synthesis of zno nanoparticles using trifolium pratense flower extract. the prepared zno nanoparticles have been characterized by uv-vis absorption ...	2015	27298586
fatty acid profiles of monofloral clover beebread and pollen and proteomics of red clover (trifolium pratense) pollen.	fatty acids were identified in monofloral beebread (bb) and bee pollen (bp) loads collected from trifolium pratense l. a gas chromatography method was used to identify and quantify fatty acids: thirty-five fatty acids were identified in bb and 42 in bp. a high amount of the healthy n-3 fatty acids was found. the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids n-3 to n-6 reached a value of 8.42 and 3.35 in the latter products. the proteomic analysis also was performed on the manually collected t. pratense p ...	2016	27380113
isoflavone content in subterranean clover germplasm from sardinia.	subterranean clover (trifolium subterraneum) is an important pasture legume, and sardinia is known as a major centre of diversification of this species. as other legumes, this clover produces biologically active flavonoids including the subclass of isoflavones that are natural phytoestrogens with positive health effects. present sources of isoflavones for medical/nutraceutical treatments are red clover (trifolium pratense) and soybean (glycine max). this study assessed the content and compositio ...	2016	27415852
assessment of dietary ratios of red clover and corn silages on milk production and milk quality in dairy cows.	twenty-four multiparous holstein-friesian dairy cows were used in a replicated 3×3 latin square changeover design experiment to test the effects of changing from corn (zea mays) silage to red clover (trifolium pratense) silage in graded proportions on feed intakes, milk production, and whole-body n and p partitioning. three dietary treatments with ad libitum access to 1 of 3 forage mixtures plus a standard allowance of 4kg/d dairy concentrates were offered. the 3 treatment forage mixtures were, ...	2016	27474976
comparison of buckwheat, red clover, and purple tansy as potential surrogate plants for use in semi-field pesticide risk assessments with bombus impatiens.	background. bumble bees (bombus spp.) are important wild and managed pollinators. there is increased interest in incorporating data on bumble bees into risk assessments for pesticides, but standardized methods for assessing hazards of pesticides in semi-field and field settings have not yet been established for bumble bees. during semi-field studies, colonies are caged with pesticide-treated flowering surrogate plants, which must be attractive to foragers to ensure colony exposure to the test co ...	2016	27478712
interactions between the bumblebee bombus pascuorum and red clover (trifolium pratense) are mediated by plant genetic background.	wildflower mixes are often planted around field margins to provide forage for pollinators. although seed for these mixtures is often wild-sourced, for species where agricultural cultivars are available, for example red clover (trifolium pratense), cultivars can also be included. previous evidence suggests that plant genetic background can have a strong influence on plant-arthropod interactions and therefore the provenance and genetic background of the plants included in wildflower mixes could im ...	2016	27552193
botanicals and their bioactive phytochemicals for women's health.	botanical dietary supplements are increasingly popular for women's health, particularly for older women. the specific botanicals women take vary as a function of age. younger women will use botanicals for urinary tract infections, especially vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry), where there is evidence for efficacy. botanical dietary supplements for premenstrual syndrome (pms) are less commonly used, and rigorous clinical trials have not been done. some examples include vitex agnus-castus (chastebe ...	2016	27677719
identification of bean hydroxycinnamoyl-coa:tetrahydroxyhexanedioate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (hhht): use of transgenic alfalfa to determine acceptor substrate specificity.	transgenic alfalfa ( medicago sativa l.) provides a useful reverse genetics platform to elucidate acceptor substrate specificity for uncharacterized bahd family hydroxycinnamoyl-coa hydroxycinnamoyl transferases. tissues of many plant species accumulate hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives, often esters, thought to serve in protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. in many cases, these specialized metabolites are produced by bahd family hydroxycinnamoyl-coa hydroxycinnamoyl transferases (hcts). be ...	2017	27807616
modulation of legume defense signaling pathways by native and non-native pea aphid clones.	the pea aphid (acyrthosiphon pisum) is a complex of at least 15 genetically different host races that are native to specific legume plants, but can all develop on the universal host plant vicia faba. despite much research, it is still unclear why pea aphid host races (biotypes) are able to colonize their native hosts while other host races are not. all aphids penetrate the plant and salivate into plant cells when they test plant suitability. thus plants might react differently to the various pea ...	2016	28018405
effect of biochanin a on corn grain (zea mays) fermentation by bovine rumen amylolytic bacteria.	the objective was to determine the effect of biochanin a (bca), an isoflavone produced by red clover (trifolium pratense l.), on corn fermentation by rumen micro-organisms.	2017	28055130
pikuni-blackfeet traditional medicine: neuroprotective activities of medicinal plants used to treat parkinson's disease-related symptoms.	parkinson's disease (pd) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder affecting 5% of the population over the age of 85 years. current treatments primarily involve dopamine replacement therapy, which leads to temporary relief of motor symptoms but fails to slow the underlying neurodegeneration. thus, there is a need for safe pd therapies with neuroprotective activity. in this study, we analyzed contemporary herbal medicinal practices used by members of the pikuni-blackfeet tribe from western m ...	2017	28088492
deciphering composition and function of the root microbiome of a legume plant.	diverse assemblages of microbes colonize plant roots and collectively function as a microbiome. earlier work has characterized the root microbiomes of numerous plant species, but little information is available for legumes despite their key role in numerous ecosystems including agricultural systems. legumes form a root nodule symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia bacteria and thereby account for large, natural nitrogen inputs into soils. here, we describe the root bacteria microbiome of the le ...	2017	28095877
residual soil nitrate content and profitability of five cropping systems in northwest iowa.	many communities in the midwestern united states obtain their drinking water from shallow alluvial wells that are vulnerable to contamination by no3-n from the surrounding agricultural landscape. the objective of this research was to assess cropping systems with the potential to produce a reasonable return for farmers while simultaneously reducing the risk of no3-n movement into these shallow aquifers. from 2009 to 2013 we conducted a field experiment in northwest iowa in which we evaluated five ...	2017	28248976
effect of mixed hay supplementation during fattening on carcass traits and meat quality of hanwoo steers.	this study was aim to observe the effects of feeding mixed local hay (mh) consisted of 55% orchard grass (dactylis glomerata l.), 35% tall fescue (festuca arundinacea) and 10% red clover (trifolium pratense) to hanwoo steers on performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality (longissimus thoracis) compared with feeding imported timothy hay (th) and local rice straw (rs).	2017	28293430
floral constancy in bumble bees: handling efficiency or perceptual conditioning?	individual bees often prefer flowers of the same species that they are already foraging on, and other individual bees prefer other flowers. this "floral constancy" has classically been explained as a learned behavior by which bees avoid wasting time switching between handling techniques. choice trails were given to bombus vagans workers that were freely foraging in mixed and pure fields of trifolium pratense, t. repens, viccia cracca, and prunella vulgaris. contrary to expectation, (1) bees show ...	1996	28307449
effects of elevated co2 on flowering phenology and nectar production of nectar plants important for butterflies of calcareous grasslands.	effects of elevated co2 on flowering phenology and nectar production were investigated in trifolium pratense, lotus corniculatus, scabiosa columbaria, centaurea jacea and betonica officinalis, which are all important nectar plants for butterflies. in glasshouse experiments, juvenile plants were exposed to ambient (350 μl l(-1)) and elevated (660 μl l(-1)) co2 concentrations for 60-80 days. elevated co2 significantly enhanced the development of flower buds in c. jacea. b. officinalis flowered ear ...	1998	28307818
effect of drive row ground covers on hop (rosales: cannabaceae) yard arthropod pests in vermont, usa.	alternatives to pesticides are necessary for the management of hop (humulus lupulus l.) arthropod pests. the three major arthropod pests in northeastern us hop production include two-spotted spider mite, tetranychus urticae koch, hop aphid phorodon humuli (schrank), and potato leafhopper, empoasca fabae harris. this 3-yr study (2012-2014) in vermont investigated the effect of flowering ground covers on arthropod pest abundance. hop cultivars 'nugget' and 'cascade' were evaluated under a strip-sp ...	2017	28334066