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phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in cherry (prunus avium l.) fruit during development.in this study the abundance and location of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) was determined in the flesh and skin of the sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) cultivar durone nero ii during development. pepck was not present in young fruit but appeared in both tissues as the fruit increased in size. in these there was no net dissimilation of malic acid, which accounts for the bulk of their organic acid contents when pepck was present. to assist in understanding the function of pepck, the abund ...201121908472
developing drosophila suzukii management programs for sweet cherry in the western united states.the spotted wing drosophila, drosophila suzukii matsumura (diptera: drosophilidae), is a newly introduced pest of sweet cherry on the west coast of north america which produces about 97% of the value of the us sweet cherry crop. d. suzukii initially caused considerable economic loss to cherry growers, who were unaware of this new pest. little control information was available at the time of initial infestation. pest control studies were initiated to examine the materials, timings and application ...201121919187
differences in body size and egg loads of rhagoletis indifferens (diptera: tephritidae) from introduced and native cherries.the western cherry fruit fly, rhagoletis indifferens curran, infests introduced, domesticated sweet [prunus avium (l.) l.], and tart cherries (prunus cerasus l.) as well as native bitter cherry, prunus emarginata (douglas) eaton. bitter cherries are smaller than sweet and tart cherries and this could affect various life history traits of flies. the objectives of the current study were to determine 1) if body size and egg loads of flies infesting sweet, tart, and bitter cherries differ from one a ...201122217749
complete nucleotide sequences and genome organization of a cherry isolate of cherry leaf roll virus.the complete nucleotide sequence of cherry leaf roll virus (clrv, genus nepovirus) from a naturally infected cherry tree (prunus avium cv. bing) in north america was determined. rna1 and rna2 consist of 7,893 and 6,492 nucleotides, respectively, plus a poly-(a) tail. each rna encodes a single potential open reading frame. the first 657 nucleotides of rna1 and rna2 are 99% identical and include the 5'-utr and the first 214 deduced amino acids of the polyproteins following the first of two in-fram ...201222218961
rapid gene-based snp and haplotype marker development in non-model eukaryotes using 3'utr sequencing.abstract: background: sweet cherry (prunus avium l.), a non-model crop with narrow genetic diversity, is an important member of sub-family amygdoloideae within rosaceae. compared to other important members like peach and apple, sweet cherry lacks in genetic and genomic information, impeding understanding of important biological processes and development of efficient breeding approaches. availability of single nucleotide polymorphism (snp)-based molecular markers can greatly benefit breeding eff ...201222239826
effect of several different pollens on the bio-ecological parameters of the predatory mite typhlodromus athenas swirski and ragusa (acari: phytoseiidae).the development, survivorship, and reproduction of the predacious mite typhlodromus athenas swirski and ragusa were studied in the laboratory by rearing the predator on nine different plant pollens [almond(prunus amygdalis batsch), apple (malus domestica borkh.), apricot (prunus armeniaca l.), cherry (prunus avium l.), pear (pyrus communis l.), plum (prunus domestica l.), walnut (juglans regia l.), olive (olea europaea l.), typha sp.], and pollen collected from bee hives. all experiments were c ...201122251637
compositional variation in sugars and organic acids at different maturity stages in selected small fruits from pakistan.selected soluble sugars and organic acids were analyzed in strawberry, sweet cherry, and mulberry fruits at different ripening stages by hplc. the amounts of fructose, glucose and sucrose were found to be: strawberry (1.79-2.86, 1.79-2.25 and 0.01-0.25 g/100 g fw), sweet cherry (0.76-2.35, 0.22-3.39 and 0.03-0.13 g/100 g) and mulberry (3.07-9.41, 1.53-4.95 and 0.01-0.25 g/100 g) at un-ripened to fully-ripened stages, respectively. the strawberry, sweet cherry and mulberry mainly contained tartar ...201222408396
comparative study of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in different species of cherries.a new spectrometric method ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric with high precision and rapid analysis was developed to separate 17 phenolic compounds. different species of cherries, including 10 sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) cultivars, a tart cherry (p. cerasus l.) rootstock (cab), and a hybrid rootstock 'colt' (p. avium × p. pseudocerasus), were analyzed for phenolics contents by this method. the results showed that significant differences were observed among the ...201122417346
rhizobium nepotum sp. nov. isolated from tumors on different plant species.five gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria were isolated from galls on different plant species in hungary: strain 39/7(t) from prunus cerasifera myrobalan, strain 0 from grapevine var. ezerjó, strain 7/1 from raspberry var. findus and in poland, strain c3.4.1 from colt rootstock (prunus avium × prunus pseudocerasus) and strain cp17.2.2 from prunus avium. only one of these isolates, strain 0, is able to cause crown gall on different plant species. on the basis of 16s rrna gene seq ...201222463808
identification of a skp1-like protein interacting with sfb, the pollen s determinant of the gametophytic self-incompatibility in prunus.many species in rosaceae, solanaceae, and plantaginaceae exhibit s-rnase-based self-incompatibility (si). in this system, the pistil and pollen specificities are determined by s-rnase and the s locus f-box protein, respectively. the pollen s determinant f-box protein in prunus (rosaceae) is referred to by two different terms, sfb (for s-haplotype-specific f-box protein) and slf (for s locus f box), whereas it is called slf in solanaceae and plantaginaceae. prunus sfb is thought to be a molecule ...201222548785
plant species differences in particulate matter accumulation on leaf surfaces.particulate matter (pm) accumulation on leaves of 22 trees and 25 shrubs was examined in test fields in norway and poland. leaf pm in different particle size fractions (pm(10), pm(2.5), pm(0.2)) differed among the species, by 10- to 15-folds at both test sites. pinus mugo and pinus sylvestris, taxus media and taxus baccata, stephanandra incisa and betula pendula were efficient species in capturing pm. less efficient species were acer platanoides, prunus avium and tilia cordata. differences among ...201222554531
identification of putative candidate genes involved in cuticle formation in prunus avium (sweet cherry) fruit.the cuticular membrane (cm) of prunus avium (sweet cherry) and other fleshy fruit is under stress. previous research indicates that the resultant strain promotes microscopic cuticular cracking. microcracks impair the function of the cm as a barrier against pathogens and uncontrolled water loss/uptake. stress and strain result from a cessation of cm deposition during early development, while the fruit surface continues to expand. the cessation of cm deposition, in turn, may be related to an early ...201222610921
soluble sugars and sucrose-metabolizing enzymes related to cold acclimation of sweet cherry cultivars grafted on different rootstocks.the bark tissues were collected from 4-year-old sweet cherry trees cvs. 0900 ziraat and lambert grafted on gisela 5 and mazzard rootstocks in cold-acclimated (ca) and nonacclimated (na) stages. bark tissues subjected to 4 °c and -5 °c injured to a limited extent in both stages. however, more than 50% injury occurred by temperatures equal to or colder than -15 °c only in na period. total soluble sugar (tss), reducing sugars, and sucrose contents were higher in ca than those in na stages in all sa ...201222629228
polyphenolic profile as a useful tool to identify the wood used in wine aging.although oak wood is the main material used in cooperage, other species are being considered as possible sources of wood for the production of wines and their derived products. in this work we have compared the phenolic composition of acacia (robinia pseudoacacia), chestnut (castanea sativa), cherry (prunus avium) and ash (fraxinus excelsior and f. americana) heartwoods, by using hplc-dad/esi-ms/ms (some of these data have been showed in previous paper), as well as the changes that toasting inte ...201222688032
genetic diversity and relatedness of sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) cultivars based on single nucleotide polymorphic markers.most previous studies on genetic fingerprinting and cultivar relatedness in sweet cherry were based on isoenzyme, rapd, and simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers. this study was carried out to assess the utility of single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers generated from 3' untranslated regions (utr) for genetic fingerprinting in sweet cherry. a total of 114 sweet cherry germplasm representing advanced selections, commercial cultivars, and old cultivars imported from different parts of the wor ...201222737155
evaluation of the allergenicity potential of tcpr-10 protein from theobroma cacao.the pathogenesis related protein pr10 (tcpr-10), obtained from the theobroma cacao-moniliophthora perniciosa interaction library, presents antifungal activity against m. perniciosa and acts in vitro as a ribonuclease. however, despite its biotechnological potential, the tcpr-10 has the p-loop motif similar to those of some allergenic proteins such as bet v 1 (betula verrucosa) and pru av 1 (prunus avium). the insertion of mutations in this motif can produce proteins with reduced allergenic power ...201222768037
comparison of the genetic determinism of two key phenological traits, flowering and maturity dates, in three prunus species: peach, apricot and sweet cherry.the present study investigates the genetic determinism of flowering and maturity dates, two traits highly affected by global climate change. flowering and maturity dates were evaluated on five progenies from three prunus species, peach, apricot and sweet cherry, during 3-8 years. quantitative trait locus (qtl) detection was performed separately for each year and also by integrating data from all years together. high heritability estimates were obtained for flowering and maturity dates. several q ...201222828898
development and cross-species/genera transferability of microsatellite markers discovered using 454 genome sequencing in chokecherry (prunus virginiana l.).chokecherry (prunus virginiana l.) (2n = 4x = 32) is a unique prunus species for both genetics and disease-resistance research due to its tetraploid nature and x-disease resistance. however, no genetic and genomic information on chokecherry is available. a partial chokecherry genome was sequenced using roche 454 sequencing technology. a total of 145,094 reads covering 4.8 mbp of the chokecherry genome were generated and 15,113 contigs were assembled, of which 11,675 contigs were larger than 100  ...201222837059
genetic variability of wild cherry (prunus avium l.) seed stands in slovenia as revealed by nuclear microsatellite loci.microsatellite markers were used to describe the genetic variability of four seed stands of wild cherry (prunus avium l.). one hundred and thirty one individuals were genotyped at ten nuclear microsatellite loci. total genetic diversity was high (h(e) = 0.704), while differences between stands were small but significant (f(st) = 0.053, g'(st) = 0.234). there was a significant amount of clonal reproduction in one stand, with only 11 genotypes identified among 36 trees. one stand showed a signific ...201222911762
formulation of indomethacin emulsion using biopolymer of prunus avium.the aim of the investigation was to formulate indomethacin emulsion using bio-polymer as emulsifier. different batches of emulsions were prepared by varying concentration of biopolymer prunus avium. based evaluation of the prepared polymers, a conclusion can be drawn that in the prunus avium bio-material can serve as a promising film forming agent for formulating various drug.201223066192
purification and chemical characterisation of a cell wall-associated β-galactosidase from mature sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) fruit.using four different chromatographic steps, β-galactosidase was purified from the ripe fruit of sweet cherry to apparent electrophoretic homogeneity with approximately 131-fold purification. the prunus avium β-galactosidase showed an apparent molecular mass of about 100 kda and consisted of four different active polypeptides with pis of about 7.9, 7.4, 6.9 and 6.4 as estimated by native ief and β-galactosidase-activity staining. the active polypeptides were individually excised from the gel and ...201223121861
melatonin enhances root regeneration, photosynthetic pigments, biomass, total carbohydrates and proline content in the cherry rootstock phl-c (prunus avium × prunus cerasus).the present study, investigates the effects of melatonin (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 μm) on the morphogenic and biochemical responses in the cherry rootstock phl-c (prunus avium l. × prunus cerasus l.), from shoot tip explants. the incorporation of melatonin (0-10 μm) in the murashige and skoog (ms) medium, greatly influenced rooting either positively or negatively. melatonin, irrespective of its concentration, had a negative effect concerning the number of roots. however, application of 0.5 ...201223127522
micropropagation of prunus species relevant to cherry fruit production.cherry tree micropropagation is limited to the production of healthy cultivars of prunus avium and prunus cerasus, and their rootstocks; mainly the dwarfing ones. by using meristem-tip (0.1 mm long) or healthy shoot tips/nodes, four successive steps are needed to obtain whole plants capable of growing in the nursery: multiplication by axillary branching, shoot elongation, rooting, and plantlet acclimation. along this process, several parameters have to be adjusted for each phase of the culture, ...201323179694
over-expression of the paap1 gene from sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) causes early flowering in arabidopsis thaliana.a homologue of squamosa/apetala1, designated paap1, was isolated from prunus avium by reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr). the full length of paap1 cdna is 753 bp, and it codes for a polypeptide of 250 amino acid residues. sequence comparison revealed that paap1 belongs to the mads-box gene family. phylogenetic analysis indicated that paap1 shared the highest identity with squa/ap1 homologues from prunus serrulata. real-time fluorescence quantitative pcr analysis showed that paap1 was expressed a ...201323206932
molecular and quantitative signatures of biparental inbreeding depression in the self-incompatible tree species prunus avium.genetic diversity strongly influences populations' adaptability to changing environments and therefore survival. sustainable forest management practices have multiple roles including conservation of genetic resources and timber production. in this study, we aimed at better understanding the variation in genetic diversity among adult and offspring individuals, and the effects of mating system on offspring survival and growth in wild cherry, prunus avium. we analysed adult trees and open pollinate ...201323211795
development and evaluation of a genome-wide 6k snp array for diploid sweet cherry and tetraploid sour cherry.high-throughput genome scans are important tools for genetic studies and breeding applications. here, a 6k snp array for use with the illumina infinium® system was developed for diploid sweet cherry (prunus avium) and allotetraploid sour cherry (p. cerasus). this effort was led by rosbreed, a community initiative to enable marker-assisted breeding for rosaceous crops. next-generation sequencing in diverse breeding germplasm provided 25 billion basepairs (gb) of cherry dna sequence from which wer ...201223284615
s genotyping in japanese plum and sweet cherry by allele-specific hybridization using streptavidin-coated magnetic beads.we report a rapid and reliable method for s genotyping of rosaceae fruit trees, which would to be useful for successful planting of cross-compatible cultivars in orchards. japanese plum (prunus salicina) and sweet cherry (prunus avium), belonging to the family rosaceae, possess gametophytic self-incompatibility controlled by a single polymorphic locus containing at least two linked genes, s-rnase and sfb (s-haplotype-specific f-box gene). for successful planting of cross-compatible cultivars of ...201323338476
construction and comparative analyses of highly dense linkage maps of two sweet cherry intra-specific progenies of commercial cultivars.despite the agronomical importance and high synteny with other prunus species, breeding improvements for cherry have been slow compared to other temperate fruits, such as apple or peach. however, the recent release of the peach genome v1.0 by the international peach genome initiative and the sequencing of cherry accessions to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) provide an excellent basis for the advancement of cherry genetic and genomic studies. the availability of dense genetic link ...201323382953
melatonin and its potential biological functions in the fruits of sweet cherry.melatonin is a well-known molecule which possesses many beneficial effects on human health. many agriculture products provide natural melatonin in the diet. cherry is one such fruit as they are rich in melatonin. in order to understand the biological roles of melatonin in cherry fruit, melatonin synthesis and its changes over 24 hr period were systematically monitored both during their development and in the ripe cherries in two cultivars, 'hongdeng' (prunus avium l. cv. hongdeng) and 'rainier' ...201323480341
niche differentiation and colonization of a novel environment by an asexual parasitic wasp.how do asexual taxa become adapted to a diversity of environments, and how do they persist despite changing environmental conditions? these questions are linked by their mutual focus on the relationship between genetic variation, which is often limited in asexuals, and the ability to respond to environmental variation. asexual taxa originating from a single ancestor present a unique opportunity to assess rates of phenotypic and genetic change when access to new genetic variation is limited to mu ...201323517017
engineering cherry rootstocks with resistance to prunus necrotic ring spot virus through rnai-mediated silencing.prunus necrotic ringspot virus (pnrsv) is a major pollen-disseminated ilarvirus that adversely affects many prunus species. in this study, an rna interference (rnai) vector part27-pnrsv containing an inverted repeat (ir) region of pnrsv was transformed into two hybrid (triploid) cherry rootstocks, 'gisela 6' (gi 148-1) and 'gisela 7'(gi 148-8)', which are tolerant and sensitive, respectively, to pnrsv infection. one year after inoculation with pnrsv plus prune dwarf virus, nontransgenic 'gisela ...201323521804
complete nucleotide sequence of a virus associated with rusty mottle disease of sweet cherry (prunus avium).cherry rusty mottle is a disease of sweet cherries first described in 1940 in western north america. because of the graft-transmissible nature of the disease, a viral nature of the disease was assumed. here, the complete genomic nucleotide sequences of virus isolates from two trees expressing cherry rusty mottle disease symptoms are characterized; the virus is designated cherry rusty mottle associated virus (crmav). the biological and molecular characteristics of this virus in comparison to thos ...201323525699
measurement of antioxidant activity and antioxidant compounds under versatile extraction conditions: i. the immuno-biochemical antioxidant properties of sweet cherry (prunus avium) extracts.previously, we have meticulously examined the efficacy of the measurable antimicrobial activity of sweet cherry (prunus avium) extracts on a wide spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, in addition to the fungus, candida albicans, a priori. in order to further understand the biochemical constituents and antioxidant activities of a variety of extracts of sweet cherries, antioxidant compounds of immunological significance, including l-ascorbic acid (vitamin c), phenols, flavonoids, a ...201323531198
inheritance of hetero-diploid pollen s-haplotype in self-compatible tetraploid chinese cherry (prunus pseudocerasus lindl).the breakdown of self-incompatibility, which could result from the accumulation of non-functional s-haplotypes or competitive interaction between two different functional s-haplotypes, has been studied extensively at the molecular level in tetraploid rosaceae species. in this study, two tetraploid chinese cherry (prunus pseudocerasus) cultivars and one diploid sweet cherry (prunus avium) cultivar were used to investigate the ploidy of pollen grains and inheritance of pollen-s alleles. genetic an ...201323596519
evaluating the potential of artificial neural network and neuro-fuzzy techniques for estimating antioxidant activity and anthocyanin content of sweet cherry during ripening by using image processing.this paper presents a versatile way for estimating antioxidant activity and anthocyanin content at different ripening stages of sweet cherry by combining image processing and two artificial intelligence (ai) techniques. in comparison with common time-consuming laboratory methods for determining these important attributes, this new way is economical and much faster. the accuracy of artificial neural network (ann) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (anfis) models was studied to estimate the ...201423633396
measurement of antioxidant activity and antioxidant compounds under versatile extraction conditions: ii. the immuno-biochemical antioxidant properties of black sour cherry (prunus cerasus) extracts.retrospectively, we have measured the antioxidant activity and a variety of antioxidant compounds under versatile extraction conditions of sweet cherry (prunus avium) extracts. further in this study, in order to understand the biochemical constituents and antioxidant activities of a variety of extracts of black sour cherries (p. cerasus), a related species, antioxidant compounds, including l-ascorbic acid (vitamin c), phenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, and the total antioxidant activity were ...201323651230
effect of the commercial ripening stage and postharvest storage on microbial and aroma changes of 'ambrunés' sweet cherries.the purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of the commercial ripening stage and postharvest storage on microbial and aroma changes of 'ambrunés' sweet cherries. the microbial counts and volatile profile of sweet cherry batches automatically sanitized and classified in three commercial ripening stages were studied for five postharvest storages. the batches were also evaluated sensorially, and the correlations between volatile compounds and aroma quality were determined. the microbial ...201023654239
fruit quality and bioactive compounds relevant to human health of sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) cultivars grown in italy.the fruit quality characteristics, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacities of 24 sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) cultivars grown on the mountainsides of the etna volcano (sicily, italy) were evaluated. high-performance liquid chromatographic methods were used to identify and quantify sugars, organic acids and phenolics. a total of seven phenolic compounds were characterised as hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (neochlorogenic acid, p-coumaroylquinic acid and chlorogenic acid) and anthocyanin ...201223692746
simultaneous detection and identification of four cherry viruses by two step multiplex rt-pcr with an internal control of plant nad5 mrna.a multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (mrt-pcr) was developed and standardized for the simultaneous detection of four cherry viruses: cherry virus a (cva, genus; capillovirus), cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus (cnrmv, unassigned species of the betaflexiviridae), little cherry virus 1 (lchv-1, genus; closterovirus) and prunus necrotic ringspot virus (pnrsv, genus; ilarvirus) with nad5 as plant internal control. a reliable and quick method for total plant rna extraction fro ...201323707922
comparative genomics analysis in prunoideae to identify biologically relevant polymorphisms.prunus is an economically important genus with a wide range of physiological and biological variability. using the peach genome as a reference, sequencing reads from four almond accessions and one sweet cherry cultivar were used for comparative analysis of these three prunus species. reference mapping enabled the identification of many biological relevant polymorphisms within the individuals. examining the depth of the polymorphisms and the overall scaffold coverage, we identified many potential ...201323763653
non-targeted 1h nmr fingerprinting and multivariate statistical analyses for the characterisation of the geographical origin of italian sweet cherries.in this study, non-targeted (1)h nmr fingerprinting was used in combination with multivariate statistical techniques for the classification of italian sweet cherries based on their different geographical origins (emilia romagna and puglia). as classification techniques, soft independent modelling of class analogy (simca), partial least squares discriminant analysis (pls-da), and linear discriminant analysis (lda) were carried out and the results were compared. for lda, before performing a refine ...201323871055
conventional and ultrasound-assisted extraction of anthocyanins from blackberry and sweet cherry cultivars.blackberry and sweet cherry are important plant foods rich in anthocyanins well-known for their pharmacological and antioxidant effects. the aim of the present paper was to comparatively investigate conventional and ultrasound-assisted extraction procedures in order to isolate an enriched crude anthocyanin extract from blackberry (thornfree cultivar) and sweet cherry (black gold cultivar). hydroethanolic solution and acidified ethanol were used to conventionally extract anthocyanins by a discont ...201323878943
cell number regulator genes in prunus provide candidate genes for the control of fruit size in sweet and sour cherry.striking increases in fruit size distinguish cultivated descendants from small-fruited wild progenitors for fleshy fruited species such as solanum lycopersicum (tomato) and prunus spp. (peach, cherry, plum, and apricot). the first fruit weight gene identified as a result of domestication and selection was the tomato fw2.2 gene. members of the fw2.2 gene family in corn (zea mays) have been named cnr (cell number regulator) and two of them exert their effect on organ size by modulating cell number ...201323976873
an ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the local people of alaşehir (manisa) in turkey.this paper represents the first large-scale ethnobotanical study in the alaşehir and its surrounding (manisa/turkey). there are scarcely any studies for using plants. there is urgency in recording such data. this is the first ethnobotanical study in which statistical calculations about plants are done by icf (informant consensus factor) method. this study aimed to identify plants collected for medicinal purposes by the local people of alaşehir, located in the aegean region of turkey, and to docu ...201324126062
description of longidorus cholevae sp. n. (nematoda, dorylaimida) from a riparian habitat in the rila mountains, bulgaria.a description is provided of longidorus cholevae sp. n., a bisexual species associated with wild cherry (prunus avium l.) from the rila mountains, bulgaria. the position of l. cholevae sp. n. among other species of the genus was elucidated by using morphological and molecular data. phylogenetic analyses were performed of d2-d3 expansion domains of the 28s rrna and the partial its1 containing regions by neighbor-joining, maximum likelihood and bayesian inference methods. the species is characteri ...201324146553
inheritance and linkage of isozymes in sweet cherry (prunus avium l.).eight polymorphic isozyme loci, 6pgd, g6pd, mdh, pgm, skdh, fdp, got and idh, in sweet cherry where found to be in one linkage group, with a ninth isozyme locus, gpi, being in another linkage group on a different chromosome. isozymes were also linked to the incompatibility s locus and this explained the disturbed segregation ratios observed in the first generation from controlled hybridisations between different sweet cherry cultivars. analysis revealed close linkage between the isozyme and s lo ...199624162301
isozyme diversity in sour, sweet, and ground cherry.thirty-six sour (prunus cerasus l.), sweet (p. avium l.), and ground cherry (p. fruticosa pall.) selections were evaluated for seven enzyme systems and principal coordinate analysis was used to examine isozyme divergence among these cherry species. the enzyme systems studied were phosphoglucose isomerase (pgi), isocitrate dehydrogenase (idh), phosphoglucomutase (pgm), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-pgd), leucine aminopeptidase (lap), shikimate dehydrogenase (skdh), and malate dehydrogenase ...199524172928
down-regulation of photosynthesis following girdling, but contrasting effects on fruit set and retention, in two sweet cherry cultivars.sweet cherry (prunus avium) trees were manipulated to analyse the contribution of soluble sugars to sink feedback down-regulation of leaf net co2 assimilation rate (anet) and fruit set and quality attributes. total soluble sugar concentration and anet were measured in the morning on fully expanded leaves of girdled branches in two sweet cherry cultivars, 'kordia' and 'sylvia' characterised typically by low and high crop load, respectively. leaves on girdled trees had higher soluble sugar concent ...201324189522
sweet cherry cultivar identification by leaf isozyme polymorphism.isozyme polymorphism can assist in the identification of cherry cultivars. ten isozymes, each showing variation at only one locus, provide 70 unique genotype profiles from leaf extracts of 78 different sweet cherry cultivars. polymorphism in 6pgd, g6pd, gpi, idh, pgm, fdp, skdh and per is demonstrated for the first time, while observations are extended for the previously described polymorphisms in mdh and got. some cultivars with identical morphological characters and previously treated as one c ...199324193593
viruses associated with rusty mottle and twisted leaf diseases of sweet cherry are distinct species.virus rna sequences related to those of the family betaflexiviridae were amplified from trees affected with the following diseases: cherry twisted leaf, apricot ring pox, cherry necrotic rusty mottle, cherry rusty mottle, and cherry green ring mottle. phylogenetic analysis of virus sequences obtained from these diseased trees from western north america, along with published sequences of cherry green ring mottle virus (cgrmv) and cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus (cnrmv), revealed four major cla ...201324219146
inhibitory effects of sweet cherry anthocyanins on the obesity development in c57bl/6 mice.in the present study, purified sweet cherry anthocyanins (cacn) were evaluated to determine their inhibitory effects on adipocyte differentiation of 3t3-l1 cells and their anti-obesity properties in male c57bl/6 mice fed with high-fat diet (hfd). cacn prevented hfd-induced obesity in c57bl/6 mice. in vivo experiment revealed that 40 and 200 mg/kg of cacn in food reduced the body weight by 5.2% and 11.2%, respectively. cacn supplementation could also reduce the size of adipocytes, leptin secretio ...201424224922
somatic hybridization of sexually incompatible top-fruit tree rootstocks, wild pear (pyrus communis var. pyraster l.) and colt cherry (prunus avium x pseudocerasus).mesophyll protoplasts of wild pear (pyrus communis var. pyraster l., pomoideae) were chemically fused with cell suspension protoplasts of cherry rootstock colt (prunus avium x pseudocerasus, prunoideae), following an electroporation treatment of the separate parental protoplast systems. fusion-treated protoplasts were cultured, on modified k8p medium, where it had been previously established that neither parental protoplasts were capable of division. somatic hybrid calli were recovered and, foll ...198924227027
air pollutants from hydrocarbons and derivatives in micropropagation laboratories: toxicity symptoms on tissue culture of the cherry rootstock colt (prunus avium x p. pseudocerasus).several air pollutants in research and micropropagation laboratories originate from the combustion of hydrocarbons and their derivatives. the combustion products of some natural gases (propane-butane, propane, methane) and ethanol were analyzed, and the atmosphere composition was investigated inside the laminar flow box, inside the room where transplanting is performed and inside the culture vessels after transplanting. large quantities of ethylene and other biologically active compounds are pro ...199024227058
cell wall synthesis and salt (saline) sensitivity in cultured colt cherry (prunus avium × pseudocerasus) protoplasts.in order to investigate the cellular basis of salt tolerance, colt cherry (prunus avium ×pseudocerasus) protoplasts from mesophyll tissues and root cell suspension cultures were cultured in the presence of nacl, kcl or na2so4, at normalities of 25, 50, 100 or 200 mn for each salt and with or without 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile, an inhibitor of cell wall synthesis. results showed that the acquisition of salt tolerance was concomitant with the onset of cell wall regeneration, with protoplasts exhibit ...198924233277
long-term effect of electroporation on enhancement of growth and plant regeneration of colt cherry (prunus avium × pseudocerasus) protoplasts.electric pulses applied to colt cherry protoplasts enhanced the long-term growth and plant regeneration of protoplast-derived tissues. protoplasts isolated from long-term cultured tissues derived from electroporated protoplasts retained the ability to enter division in culture earlier and with a higher frequency of plant regeneration than untreated cell suspension protoplasts.198824240252
inhibition of growth and xylogenesis and promotion of vacuolation in prunus callus by the flavanone prunin.callus tissue of prunus avium l. responded to supplied prunin (naringen in 7-glucoside) showing vaculoation and storage of oligomeric proanthocyanidins. in addition, prunin caused restricted callus initiation and/or less callus growth. when prunin was omitted from the medium numerous tracheids and more peroxidases were formed in the callus.198824241596
effects of 10-ghz microwaves on hematological parameters in swiss albino mice and their modulation by prunus avium.the objective of this study was to investigate the modulatory role of prunus avium fruit extract (pae) on several blood parameters after exposure to 10-ghz microwaves. swiss albino mice from an inbred colony were selected and divided into 3 groups. mice in group i served as the control; they were placed in a plexiglas cage (without energizing the system) for 2 hours/day for 30 consecutive days. group ii mice were exposed to 10-ghz microwaves for 2 hours/day for 30 consecutive days. mice in group ...201324266407
isolation and partial characterization of components of prunus avium l. styles, including an antigenic glycoprotein associated with a self-incompatibility genotype.several components of buffer extracts of prunus avium l. styles (cv. lambert, s 3 s 4) have been isolated and partially characterized: the major component is a glycoprotein (molecular weight approx. 90,000; 95% protein, 5.4% carbohydrate). a "sticky" uronic-acid-containing component and an arabinogalactan are also present. two minor components are an antigenic glycoprotein associated with the self-incompatibility genotype (antigen s) and a component found in styles of all prunus species (antigen ...198224272728
the effect of isolated components of prunus avium l. styles on in vitro growth of pollen tubes.a number of components isolated from styles of p. avium cv. napoleon (s 3 s 4) have been tested for their capacity to influence in vitro growth of pollen tubes from fresh and stored pollen (cv. napoleon (s 3 s 4)). an antigenic glycoprotein (antigen s) is a potent inhibitor of in-vitro pollen tube growth, causing a 65% reduction in tube length at a concentration of 20 μg/ml. none of the other style components were effective inhibitors of pollen tube growth; neither were proteins of animal origin ...198224272729
tissue-specific antigens secreted by suspension-cultured callus cells of prunus avium l.a number of antigenic components are secreted into the medium by p. avium callus cells derived from different tissues and grown in suspension culture. these antigens have been detected using antiserum raised in rabbits to a protein fraction secreted by p. avium leaf callus. one antigen is specific to leaf tissue and is secreted by callus cells derived from stem, pistil and anthers as well as leaves. a second antigen is, in intact organs, restricted to styles of a particular self-incompatibility ...198124276761
style antigens of prunus avium l.antiserum to a protein fraction of an extract of mature styles of p. avium cv. lambert (s 3 s 4) was raised in rabbits. two major antigenic components of the style extracts were detected by immunoelectrophoresis and immunodiffusion. the presence of one antigen (s-antigen) correlated with a particular s-genotype (s 3 s 4). this antigen is restricted to mature styles of p. avium. the second antigen (p-antigen) was detected in styles of all prunus species examined, but not in styles of other specie ...198124276762
molecular analysis of east anatolian traditional plum and cherry accessions using ssr markers.we conducted ssr analyses of 59 accessions, including 29 traditional plum (prunus domestica), 24 sweet cherry (prunus avium), and 1 sour cherry (prunus cerasus) selected from east anatolian gene sources and 3 plum and 2 cherry reference accessions for molecular characterization and investigation of genetic relationships. eight ssr loci [1 developed from the apricot (udap-404), 4 from the peach (udp96-010, udp96-001, udp96-019, pchgms1) and 3 from the cherry (ucd-ch13, ucd-ch17, ucd-ch31) genome] ...201324301792
breeding in peach, cherry and plum: from a tissue culture, genetic, transcriptomic and genomic perspective.this review is an overview of traditional and modern breeding methodologies being used to develop new prunus cultivars (stone fruits) with major emphasis on peach, sweet cherry and japanese plum. to this end, common breeding tools used to produce seedlings, including in vitro culture tools, are discussed. additionally, the mechanisms of inheritance of many important agronomical traits are described. recent advances in stone fruit transcriptomics and genomic resources are providing an understandi ...201324346068
genetic determinism of phenological traits highly affected by climate change in prunus avium: flowering date dissected into chilling and heat requirements.the present study investigated the genetic determinism of flowering date (fd), dissected into chilling (cr) and heat (hr) requirements. elucidation of the genetic determinism of flowering traits is crucial to anticipate the increasing of ecological misalignment of adaptative traits with novel climate conditions in most temperate-fruit species. cr and hr were evaluated over 3 yr and fd over 5 yr in an intraspecific sweet cherry (prunus avium) f1 progeny, and fd over 6 yr in a different f1 progeny ...201424417538
ultrastructural localization of acid phosphatase in the pollen tube of prunus avium l. (sweet cherry).the pollen tube of prunus avium (cherry) consists of a growth zone of vesicles at the tip and an assemblage of organelles typical of an actively metabolizing cell. electron opaque globules are closely associated with the plasma membrane and fibrillar cell wall layer at the tip. acid phosphatase (ec 3.1.3.2) activity is localized in the membranes of 120 nm vesicles and er system, the lumen of 50 nm vesicles, the plasma membrane and the tube nucleus.197724420022
a role for pacmyba in aba-regulated anthocyanin biosynthesis in red-colored sweet cherry cv. hong deng (prunus avium l.).the myb transcription factors and plant hormone aba have been suggested to play a role in fruit anthocyanin biosynthesis, but supporting genetic evidence has been lacking in sweet cherry. the present study describes the first functional characterization of an r2r3-myb transcription factor, pacmyba, from red-colored sweet cherry cv. hong deng (prunus avium l.). transient promoter assays demonstrated that pacmyba physically interacted with several anthocyanin-related basic helix-loop-helix (bhlh) ...201424443499
free and glycosidically bound aroma compounds in cherry (prunus avium l.).this paper reports the occurrence of both free and glycosidically bound aroma compounds in three sweet cherry cultivars ('hongdeng', 'hongyan' and 'rainier'), with 97 compounds being identified in the three cultivars. the major free volatile compounds found were hexanal, (e)-2-hexenal, (e)-2-hexen-1-ol, benzyl alcohol and benzaldehyde. the major bound volatile compounds found were benzyl alcohol, geraniol, 2-phenylethanol. also 4-vinylphenol was found in cherry fruit for the first time, and has ...201424444903
morphological characterization of cherry rootstock candidates selected from central and east black sea regions in turkey.the use of rootstocks particularly for sweet cherry cultivars is of great importance for successful and sustainable production. choosing the right cherry rootstocks is just as important as choosing the right cultivar. in this study, 110 sweet cherry, 30 sour cherry, and 41 mahaleb types displaying rootstock potential for sweet cherry cultivars were selected from central and east black sea regions in turkey. the morphologic characteristics of the studied genotypes were compared with the standard ...201324453921
eating quality and health-promoting properties of two sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) cultivars stored in passive modified atmosphere.two sweet cherry cultivars ('new star' and 'sweet heart') were chosen to explore the impact of passive modified atmosphere packaging on the eating quality and health-promoting properties of fruit. packaged and unpackaged fruits were stored at 0 ℃ for 15 or 30 days, followed by zero or three days at 20 ℃, after which the analyses were undertaken. in most cases, modified atmosphere packaging helped preserving higher firmness values and reducing the incidence of alterations and decay in both cultiv ...201524474188
[the induction of an abscission layer in fruit of prunus avium l. by 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid].2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (cepa) facilitates the separation of the fruit from the pedicel significantly. the application of 2,000 and 4,000 ppm cepa in four sweet cherry varieties during maturation resulted in the formation of a complete abscission layer in the transition zone between pedicel and fruit. in contrast, in the untreated fruit no abscission layer was evident at maturity. the walls of the cells in the abscission layer contained less total polysaccharides than adjacent cells. cellul ...197024499842
different compounds are extracted with different time courses from fruits during microwave hydrodiffusion: examples and possible causes.we set out to determine how nutrients diffuse during extraction, using fractional collection. the highest concentrations of sugars (195.5, 64.8 and 60.8g/l, respectively for grape, 'najbolia' plum and apricot) were found for the earliest stages of extraction, with a decrease in concentration (to 41.4g/l, 48.2g/l and 1.7g/l, respectively) at the end of extraction process. total polyphenols showed the same trends for plum and apricot (from 4.1g/l to 2.9g/l for 'najbolia' plum, from 2.2 to 0.2g/l f ...201424518331
temperature-related development and population parameters for drosophila suzukii (diptera: drosophilidae) on cherry and blueberry.temperature-related studies were conducted on drosophila suzukii matsumura (diptera: drosophilidae: drosophilini). from 10-28°c, temperature had a significant impact on blueberries, vaccinium corymbosum l. (ericales: ericaceae), and cherries, prunus avium (l.) l. 1755 (rosales: rosaceae), important commercial hosts of d. suzukii. temperature had a significant influence on d. suzukii developmental period, survival, and fecundity, with decreasing developmental periods as temperatures increased to ...201424612968
determination of the bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and chemical composition of brazilian blackberry, red raspberry, strawberry, blueberry and sweet cherry fruits.this study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, identify the bioactive compounds and measure the antioxidant activity present in blackberry, red raspberry, strawberry, sweet cherry and blueberry fruits produced in the subtropical areas of brazil and to verify that the chemical properties of these fruit are similar when compared to the temperate production zones. compared with berries and cherries grown in temperate climates, the centesimal composition and physical chemical characteristics ...201424629981
simultaneous detection of cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus and cherry green ring mottle virus using real-time pcr and high resolution melting analysis.in this study, the real-time pcr assays were combined with high resolution melting (hrm) analysis for the simultaneous detection of cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus (cnrmv) and cherry green ring mottle virus (cgrmv) infection in sweet cherry trees. detection of cnrmv and cgrmv was performed in a real-time pcr using a primer set for both of them or duplex real-time pcr that included one specific primer set for each virus. these two strategies allowed us to confirmed virus infection in all teste ...201424675146
preharvest application of oxalic acid increased fruit size, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant capacity in sweet cherry cultivars (prunus avium l.).trees of 'sweet heart' and 'sweet late' sweet cherry cultivars (prunus avium l.) were treated with oxalic acid (oa) at 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mm at 98, 112, and 126 days after full blossom. results showed that all treatments increased fruit size at harvest, manifested by higher fruit volume and weight in cherries from treated trees than from controls, the higher effect being found with 2.0 mm oa (18 and 30% higher weight for 'sweet heart' and 'sweet late', respectively). other quality parameters, suc ...201424684635
mitochondrial coi and morphological evidence for host specificity of the black cherry aphids myzus cerasi (fabricius, 1775) collected from different cherry tree species in europe (hemiptera, aphididae).partial sequences of the mitochondrial coi gene of forty eight european and two turkish population samples of myzus cerasi from different winter hosts (prunus spp.) were subjected to phylogenetic analyses. the analysed m. cerasi samples emerged as paraphyletic relative to a myzus borealis sample used as an out-group, and formed two major clades in neighbor joining, maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and bayesian inference trees, corresponding to subspecies living specifically on prunus avium ...201424715766
rapid and sensitive detection of little cherry virus 2 using isothermal reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification.little cherry virus 2 (lchv2) (genus ampelovirus) is the primary causal agent of little cherry disease (lcd) in sweet cherry (prunus avium) in north america and other parts of the world. this mealybug-transmitted virus does not induce significant foliar symptoms in most sweet cherry cultivars, but does cause virus-infected trees to yield unevenly ripened small fruits with poor flavor. most fruits from infected trees are unmarketable. in the present study, an isothermal reverse transcription-reco ...201424797461
the effect of postharvest calcium application in hydro-cooling water on tissue calcium content, biochemical changes, and quality attributes of sweet cherry fruit.to improve storage/shipping quality of sweet cherry (prunus avium l.), the effect of calcium chloride (cacl2) added to hydro-cooling water on physiological and biochemical processes related to fruit and pedicel quality was investigated on two major cultivars. the fruit tissue ca content increased up to 29-85% logarithmically for 'sweetheart' and 39-188% linearly for 'lapins' as cacl2 rate increased from 0.2% to 2.0% at 0 °c for 5 min. the increase of fruit tissue ca content was accompanied by re ...201424799204
quality and antioxidant properties on sweet cherries as affected by preharvest salicylic and acetylsalicylic acids treatments.the effects of salicylic acid (sa) or acetylsalicylic acid (asa) treatments during on-tree cherry growth and ripening on fruit quality attributes, especially those related with the content on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity were analysed in this research. for this purpose, two sweet cherry cultivars, 'sweet heart' and 'sweet late', were used and sa or asa treatments, at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0mm concentrations, were applied at three key points of fruit development (pit hardening, initial c ...201424799232
endophytic bacteria in plant tissue culture: differences between easy- and difficult-to-propagate prunus avium genotypes.the endophytic bacterial communities of six prunus avium l. genotypes differing in their growth patterns during in vitro propagation were identified by culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. five morphologically distinct isolates from tissue culture material were identified by 16s rdna sequence analysis. to detect and analyze the uncultivable fraction of endophytic bacteria, a clone library was established from the amplified 16s rdna of total plant extract. bacterial diversity within ...201424812040
identification of sfbb-containing canonical and noncanonical scf complexes in pollen of apple (malus × domestica).gametophytic self-incompatibility (gsi) of rosaceae, solanaceae and plantaginaceae is controlled by a single polymorphic s locus. the s locus contains at least two genes, s-rnase and f-box protein encoding gene slf/sfb/sfbb that control pistil and pollen specificity, respectively. generally, the f-box protein forms an e3 ligase complex, scf complex with skp1, cullin1 (cul1) and rbx1, however, in petunia inflata, sbp1 (s-rnase binding protein1) was reported to play the role of skp1 and rbx1, and ...201424847858
biaxial tensile tests identify epidermis and hypodermis as the main structural elements of sweet cherry skin.the skin of developing soft and fleshy fruit is subjected to considerable growth stress, and failure of the skin is associated with impaired barrier properties in water transport and pathogen defence. the objectives were to establish a standardized, biaxial tensile test of the skin of soft and fleshy fruit and to use it to characterize and quantify mechanical properties of the sweet cherry (prunus avium) fruit skin as a model. a segment of the exocarp (es) comprising cuticle, epidermis, hypoderm ...201424876301
post-storage cell wall metabolism in two sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) cultivars displaying different postharvest performance.the biochemical processes underlying firmness loss of sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) fruit are poorly understood. studies on cell wall metabolism of sweet cherry have been generally undertaken during on-tree development or at harvest maturity, while published reports on postharvest changes are scarce and fragmentary. in this work, cell wall modifications after storage at 0 ℃ were studied in two cherry cultivars ('celeste' and 'somerset') displaying different postharvest potential. firmness was l ...201524986906
assessing the potential for establishment of western cherry fruit fly using ecological niche modeling.sweet cherries, prunus avium (l.) l., grown in the western united states are exported to many countries around the world. some of these countries have enforced strict quarantine rules and trade restrictions owing to concerns about the potential establishment and subsequent spread of western cherry fruit fly, rhagoletis indifferens curran (diptera: tephritidae), a major quarantine pest of sweet cherry. we used 1) niche models (climex and maxent) to map the climatic suitability, 2) north carolina ...201425026662
characterization of cuticle composition after cold storage of "celeste" and "somerset" sweet cherry fruit.cuticle composition and structure may be relevant factors affecting the storage potential of fruits, but very few studies have analyzed fruit cuticle composition from a postharvest perspective. in this work, the chemical composition of waxes and cutin (major cuticular components) was analyzed in cuticle samples isolated from "celeste" and "somerset" cherries (prunus avium l.) after cold storage at 0 °c. total cuticle amounts per surface unit (μg cm(-2)) increased along with cold storage. the tri ...201425089645
rapid detection of prunus necrotic ringspot virus using magnetic nanoparticle-assisted reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification.prunus necrotic ringspot virus (pnrsv) has seriously reduced the yield of prunus species worldwide. in this study, a highly efficient and specific two-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) was developed to detect pnrsv. total rna was extracted from sweet cherry leaf samples using a commercial kit based on a magnetic nanoparticle technique. transcripts were used as the templates for the assay. the results of this assay can be detected using agarose gel electr ...201425110116
rootstock-to-scion transfer of transgene-derived small interfering rnas and their effect on virus resistance in nontransgenic sweet cherry.small interfering rnas (sirnas) are silencing signals in plants. virus-resistant transgenic rootstocks developed through sirna-mediated gene silencing may enhance virus resistance of nontransgenic scions via sirnas transported from the transgenic rootstocks. however, convincing evidence of rootstock-to-scion movement of sirnas of exogenous genes in woody plants is still lacking. to determine whether exogenous sirnas can be transferred, nontransgenic sweet cherry (scions) was grafted on transgeni ...201425132092
stem co2 efflux in six co-occurring tree species: underlying factors and ecological implications.stem respiration plays a role in species coexistence and forest dynamics. here we examined the intra- and inter-specific variability of stem co2 efflux (e) in dominant and suppressed trees of six deciduous species in a mixed forest stand: fagus sylvatica l., quercus petraea [matt.] liebl, quercus pyrenaica willd., prunus avium l., sorbus aucuparia l. and crataegus monogyna jacq. we conducted measurements in late autumn. within species, dominants had higher e per unit stem surface area (es ) main ...201525292455
in-time and in-space tandem mass spectrometry to determine the metabolic profiling of flavonoids in a typical sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) cultivar from southern italy.this paper presents a comprehensive analytical methodology, based on 'in-time' and 'in-space' tandem mass spectrometry (ms) techniques, to identify and quantify flavonoid compounds in a typical italian sweet cherry cultivar (cv. ferrovia). five anthocyanins, four flavan-3-ols and nine flavonols were determined by means of hyphenated high-performance liquid chromatography - multi-stage ms (hplc-ms(n)) analyses (ms(n) up to ms(4)), among which quercetin-3-o-rutinoside-7-o-glucoside, kaempferol-3-o ...201425303392
electronic nose and isotope ratio mass spectrometry in combination with chemometrics for the characterization of the geographical origin of italian sweet cherries.sweet cherries from two italian regions, apulia and emilia romagna, were analysed using electronic nose (en) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (irms), with the aim of distinguishing them according to their geographic origin. the data were elaborated by statistical techniques, examining the en and irms datasets both separately and in combination. preliminary exploratory overviews were performed and then linear discriminant analyses (lda) were used for classification. regarding en, different app ...201525306321
molecular characterization and expression analyses of an anthocyanin synthase gene from magnolia sprengeri pamp.anthocyanin synthase (ans), which catalyzes the conversion of colorless leucoanthocyanins into colored anthocyanins, is a key enzyme in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. it plays important roles in plant development and defense. an ans gene designated as msans was cloned from magnolia sprengeri using rapid amplification of complementary dna (cdna) ends technology. the full-length msans is 1171-bp long and contains a 1080-bp open reading frame encoding a 360 amino acid polypeptide. in a seque ...201525315387
cherry.agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of sour chgahtvy (prunus cerasus l.) "montmorency" and sweet cherry rootstocks "gisela 6" and "gisela 7" (p. cerasus × p. canescens) is described. briefly, leaf explants from in vitro shoots are cocultivated with a. tumefaciens either directly (for "gisela 6" and "gisela 7") or after pretreatment (for "montmorency") on cocultivation medium; selection and regeneration of transformed shoots are carried out on selection medium containing 50 mg/l kan ...201525416255
compositional changes in cell wall polysaccharides from five sweet cherry (prunus avium l.) cultivars during on-tree ripening.excessive softening is a major cause of postharvest deterioration during transportation and storage of fresh cherries. in continuing our studies to identify the factors determining the textural differences between sweet cherry fruit genotypes, we evaluated the solubilization, depolymerization, and monosaccharide composition of pectin and hemicelluloses from five sweet cherry cultivars ('chelan', 'sumele', 'brooks', 'sunburst', and 'regina') with contrasting firmness and cracking susceptibility a ...201425434844
high-throughput sequencing as an effective approach in profiling small rnas derived from a hairpin rna expression vector in woody plants.hairpin rna (hprna)-mediated gene silencing has proved to be an efficient approach to develop virus-resistant transgenic plants. to characterize small rna molecules (srnas) derived from an hprna expression vector in transgenic cherry rootstock plants, we conducted small rna sequencing of (1) a transgenic rootstock containing an inverted repeat of the partial coat protein of prunus necrotic ring spot virus (pnrsv-hprna); (2) a nontransgenic rootstock; and (3) a pnrsv-infected sweet cherry plant. ...201425438784
physicochemical characterisation of four cherry species (prunus spp.) grown in china.the physicochemical characteristics of four cherry species (prunus avium, prunus cerasus, prunus pseudocerasus and prunus tomentosa) were evaluated. inter-species variability was greater than intra-species differences. glucose and fructose were the main sugars, and malic acid was the main organic acid in all species. combining hplc-dad and lc-esi-ms/ms technologies, total 25 phenolic components were preliminarily identified. p. avium was characterised by high fruit weight, edible proportion, sug ...201525466099
high concentrations of anthocyanins in genuine cherry-juice of old local austrian prunus avium varieties.antioxidant activity and polyphenols were quantified in vapour-extracted juice of nine austrian, partially endemic varieties of sweet cherry (prunus avium): cv. 'spätbraune von purbach', cv. 'early rivers', cv. 'joiser einsiedekirsche', cv. 'große schwarze knorpelkirsche' and four unidentified local varieties. additionally the effect of storage was evaluated for six of the varieties. a variety showing the highest antioxidant capacity (9.64 μmol trolox equivalents per ml), total polyphenols (2747 ...201525466109
chemical characterisation and bioactive properties of prunus avium l.: the widely studied fruits and the unexplored stems.the aim of this study was to characterise sweet cherry regarding nutritional composition of the fruits, and individual phytochemicals and bioactive properties of fruits and stems. the chromatographic profiles in sugars, organic acids, fatty acids, tocopherols and phenolic compounds were established. all the preparations (extracts, infusions and decoctions) obtained using stems revealed higher antioxidant potential than the fruits extract, which is certainly related with its higher phenolic compo ...201525466123
genomic analyses of cherry rusty mottle group and cherry twisted leaf-associated viruses reveal a possible new genus within the family betaflexiviridae.it is demonstrated that closely related viruses within the family betaflexiviridae are associated with a number of diseases that affect sweet cherry (prunus avium) and other prunus spp. cherry rusty mottle-associated virus (crmav) is correlated with the appearance of cherry rusty mottle disease (crmd), and cherry twisted leaf-associated virus (ctlav) is linked to cherry twisted leaf disease (ctld) and apricot ringpox disease (arpd). comprehensive analysis of previously reported full genomic sequ ...201525496302
survey of cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus and cherry green ring mottle virus incidence in korea by duplex rt-pcr.the incidence of cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus (cnrmv) and cherry green ring mottle virus (cgrmv) have recently been occurred in korea, posing a problem for sweet cherry cultivation. since infected trees have symptomless leaves or ring-like spots on the pericarp, it is difficult to identify a viral infection. in this study, the incidence of cnrmv and cgrmv in sweet cherry in gyeongbuk province was surveyed using a newly developed duplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pc ...201425506311
seasonal distributions of the western cherry fruit fly (diptera: tephritidae) among host and nonhost fruit trees.seasonal distributions of the western cherry fruit fly, rhagoletis indifferens curran (diptera: tephritidae), in sweet cherry (prunus avium (l.) l.) (major host), black hawthorn (occasional developmental host) (crataegus douglasii lindley), and other trees were determined in a ponderosa pine ecosystem in washington state, usa. the hypothesis that most fly dispersal from cherry trees occurs after fruit senesce or drop was tested, with emphasis on movement to black hawthorn trees. sweet cherry fru ...201425527581
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